Good morning, and welcome to Banco Sabadell's third quarter 2023 results presentation audio webcast. Thank you for joining. Our CEO, César González-Bueno, and our CFO, Leopoldo Alvear, will present the main highlights and details of the commercial and financial performance of the bank in the quarter. The presentation will be followed up by a Q&A session. We have scheduled around one hour for the whole session. Let me now hand it over to César González-Bueno.
Thank you, Gerardo. Let's start the presentation with the key messages on slide four. First of all, NII grew by 6% in the quarter, while our NIM improved by 14 basis points quarter-on-quarter. Second, asset quality remains stable. Group's total cost of risk stands at 55 basis points, improving by 1 basis points compared to the first half of the year. Third, group net profit reached EUR 1,028 million in the first nine months of the year. TSB delivered a net profit of GBP 152 million. Fourth, the board has approved the distribution of an interim cash dividend of EUR 0.03 per share to be paid at the end of December, which represents a 50% increase on last year's interim dividend.
Finally, our return on tangible equity stands at 11.6%, and our Core Tier 1 reached 13.13, increasing by 59 basis points year to date. On slide five, you can see the evolution of volumes. Starting with the quarterly evolution of performing loans, volumes decreased by 1.4% quarter-on-quarter, both in euros and constant FX. This was mostly driven by a reduced demand for credit, both in Spain and in the U.K., but also by the seasonal effect of the EUR 650 million Social Security advance payment in Spain, booked in the previous quarter. Our other international businesses recorded a quarterly growth of 3.6%, or 2.2 at the constant at FX. When looking at the year-on-year evolution of our lending book, same trends apply, and the book is decreasing by 3.3%.
Moving now to customer funds on the right-hand side of the slide, we can see that on-balance sheet funds decreased slightly by 0.5% in the quarter. Off-balance sheet funds decreased by 0.9% quarter-on-quarter, largely explained by the mark-to-market effect on mutual funds. Looking at the year-on-year evolution of customer funds, we can observe that on-balance sheet funds decreased by 0.8%, but this reduction was offset by the 3.4% increase in off-balance sheet funds. Our commercial gap improved by EUR 1 billion in the quarter as a result of the evolution of our lending and customer funds volume, driving our loan-to-deposit ratio below 95%. In Slide six, we can see the transformation in retail banking. Let me quickly recap on our strategy for retail banking, which we announced in 2021. First, we intended to reduce our cost base.
In two years, we have reduced our workforce in Spain by close to 20% and our branch network by 30%. Second, we intended to improve our value proposition in mortgages, insurance, and investment products by offering more personal and expert support to our customers. By September 2023, we have deployed 800 specialized relationship managers and mortgage specialists. For example... And these, for example, already originate 48%, close to 50, of our new mortgage lending. And third, we intended to digitalize our value proposition for three products: current accounts, unsecured lending, and cards. You can see some examples of what we have achieved. 55% of our customer acquisition is currently digital, coming from zero, and 75% of the origination of consumer loan takes place digitally or through remote channels.
In other words, we have significantly reduced our cost base while improving our capabilities as a traditional bank and building up new direct banking capabilities. At this point, the next step in our strategy is to become the main bank for more customers. And this brings us to the new Digital Account. As you might recall, in the second quarter of 2022, we launched our Digital Account. We're satisfied with its commercial performance, as it has allowed us to acquire new customers with a more digital profile. 55% of the new customers' acquisition takes place digitally. The new customers we are acquiring are more digital, of course, than our existing customers, and they are younger, as you can see in the chart. Furthermore, we are growing our customer acquisition more aggressively in those regions where our branch network is present but has a lower density.
This good commercial performance has been achieved without impacting deposit beta. As you can see in the lower left-hand side of the slide, our cost of customer funds in Spain remains marginally lower than the one of the sector. What we are aiming with a revamped Digital Account we presented this week, is to continue attracting new customers and to become their main bank. We have enhanced the value proposition of the new account to increase the engagement of the customers we attract. We are offering a current account, this is not a savings account, a current account with a 2% interest rate for the customer on their average monthly balance, capped at EUR 20,000, and with a 3% cashback on utility bills. We are convinced that this is an attractive value proposition for customers to use Sabadell as their main bank.
That is not a promotion, but a way to attract engaged customers. In Slide eight, we can see the evolution of lending origination in Spain. Mortgage origination in Q3 decreased by 19% quarter-on-quarter, driven by seasonality and lower demand. In the first nine months of 2023, it decreased by 29% compared with 2022, broadly in line with the market slowdown. On the other hand, consumer lending origination increased by 5% quarter-on-quarter and by 27% year-on-year. This strong growth is being delivered in a healthy manner due to improved credit granting processes and policies, such as more pre-approved loans or more segmented pricing. Regarding business banking, new loans and credit facilities decreased by 32% quarter-on-quarter.
There is lower demand for new loans as companies are holding their investment decisions in the current macroeconomic context, and this translates into lower origination volumes. On credit facilities, the situation is different, as the quarterly evolution is heavily impacted by seasonality and the third quarter decline in the renewal of ICO, ICO-granted credit facilities. As I explained in the previous quarter, a significant amount of ICO-granted credit facilities were due in the second quarter of 2023, and they were renewed into regular credit facilities. On a year-on-year basis, total origination of new loans and credit facilities in business banking grew by 26%. Finally, on the lower right-hand side of the slide, working capital financing posted a slight decrease, both quarter-on-quarter and year-on-year. In the first nine months of the year, nevertheless, we posted a 3% growth.
On slide nine, payment-related services continued to perform well for another quarter. Cards turnover increased by 6% quarter-on-quarter and year-on-year, while point-of-sale turnover increased by 9% quarter-on-quarter and 12% year-on-year. In the lower part of the slide, you can see that customer funds in savings and investment products in Spain increased by EUR 7.1 billion year-on-year, reaching a total of EUR 54.5 billion. You can also see the breakdown of this EUR 7.1 billion year-on-year increase. Term deposits increased by EUR 2.1 billion, other on-balance sheet products increased by EUR 3.6 billion, and off-balance sheet products increased by EUR 1.4 billion. Slide ten shows the performing loan book ex TSB, broken down by segments and products.
On the left-hand side of the slide, you can see the detailed evolution of credit in Spain. The stock of mortgage declined in the quarter as lower origination volumes were not able to offset the amortization of the book. This trend is in line with the market. Consumer loans grew by 4.1% in the quarter and by 14.3% year-over-year. This includes consumer lending, both in the bank and in Sabadell Consumer Finance, our subsidiary specialized in lending at point of sale. As I explained before, we are performing well in origination, and the consumer lending book is growing in a healthy manner in terms of credit quality. Growing this book has a material impact on NII and is partially offsetting the impact of the slight decline in the mortgage book, where volumes are higher but margins are lower. SMEs and corporates.
2.1% decline quarter-on-quarter, and 3.8% decline year-on-year. As you know, companies continue to postpone long-term investment. They are de-deleveraging and shrinking their balance sheet, which is the effect pursued by the monetary policy of the central banks. All in all, performing loans declined by 2% in the quarter and by 4.1% year-on-year. On the right-hand side of the slide, you have our main international businesses. We delivered robust quarterly growth in Miami and Mexico, and a slight decline in our foreign branches, while total international performing loans remained flattish on a year-on-year basis, somewhat affected by the evolution of local currencies. Now, let's move to the U.K. and TSB on slide 11.
New mortgage lending at TSB showed some signs of recovery in the quarter, as origination increased by 31% quarter-on-quarter, but origination volumes are still 38% below those of one year ago. In terms of stock, TSB's mortgage book declined by 1% in the quarter. Customer deposits, at the right-hand side of the slide, decreased in the quarter by 1.6%. Customer funds continued to slowly flow from PCAs to savings accounts as customers seek to earn higher interest. However, this effect is less pronounced in TSB, as our deposit base is very granular and sticky. On a year-on-year basis, customer deposits increased by 109%. The loan-to-deposit ratio currently stands at 104%, improving 3 percentage points year-on-year. Now, TSB financials on slide 12.
The contribution of TSB to the group increased by 73% in the first nine months of the year. Over the first nine months, NII grew by 9% year-on-year, supported by structural hedge income. This instrument is repricing with a substantial spread, which partially offsets lower mortgage margins and balances. Total expenses increased by 3.7% in the quarter, in the first nine months of the year, sorry. This is a positive figure, well below core inflation in the U.K.. The core results in the first nine months of 2023 increased by 15.4% year-on-year, mostly driven by positive NII performance.
The net profit of TSB reached GBP 152 million in the first nine months of the year, which is a 48% increase versus 2022, and return on tangible equity reached 10.5%. So overall, good financial performance at TSB. In slide 13, we are presenting the financial performance of the group. We recorded net profit of EUR 464 million in the quarter, and EUR 1,028 million in the first nine months of the year. This figure is already an all-time high net profit on a full year basis for us. Return on tangible equity reached 11.6%. Our core results, which include NII fees, fees minus total cost, drove this positive evolution and grew by more than 38% year-on-year on the back of the NII performance.
Additionally, provisions decreased in the quarter, underpinned by resilient credit quality. In terms of solvency, our capital ratio stands at a peculiar figure of 13.13%, which implies a solid increase of 61 basis points year-on-year. Therefore, very positive sets of results. And Leo, please, you will go into more detail into this, all these set of results. Moving to shareholder remuneration and value creation on slide 14. As we have explained, the profitability of the group keeps increasing. Earnings per share increased by 65% year-on-year, reaching EUR 0.22 per share in the first nine months of the year. The board has approved a dividend distribution of EUR 0.03 per share as an interim cash dividend to be paid at the end of December.
As I mentioned before, this is a 50% increase of the interim dividend versus 2022. We are also about to complete the execution of our first share buyback program, which, with progress of 89% as of the 20th of October of this year. At the right-hand side of the slide, you can see the tangible book value per share has grown at a rate of 10.2% over the last 12 months. This percentage includes the distribution of a cash dividend of EUR 0.04 per share, paid in the last 12 months, and the benefit of EUR 0.04 per share related to the share buyback program launched at the beginning of July. Finally, in light of the recurring good evolution of our results, we have once again improved our year-end return on tangible equity guidance, which is now around 11.5 for 2023.
With this, now, yes, I will hand it to Leo, who will cover the bank's financials for the quarter in much more detail. Thank you, Leo.
Thank you, César, and good morning, everyone. Moving now on to the financial results. We've had another quarter of positive results, underpinned by NII, which remains pretty strong, and supported by resilient asset quality and controlled costs. NII showed a strong growth in the quarter, with an increase of 6.2% quarter-on-quarter. This, together with the flat evolution of fees, resulted in a growth of 5% during the quarter for the core banking revenues. This is NII plus fees. In terms of costs, this posted a marginal increase of 0.7% in the quarter. When we take the year-on-year increase, this adds to 3.2%. This evolution is well in line with our expectation that costs will have increased by a total of 3.5% at year-end.
The combination of core revenues and cores, and costs drove our core results upwards by more than 9% in the quarter, delivering an increase of almost 40% year-over-year. These elements, combined with a reduction of cost of risk, were the main driving forces of the quarter. This quarter, there were no extraordinary contributions, payments, or taxes, and therefore, our P&L is clear in terms of one-offs. As a result of all this, net profit in Q3 reached EUR 464 million. When adding this figure to the results of the first half of the year, the net profit for the first nine months comes to EUR 1,028 million, almost 45% higher than last year's figure, in spite of the EUR 157 million accrued in Q1 for the payment of the Spanish banking tax.
The aforementioned net profit represents a return on tangible of 11.6% for the first nine months of the year. Let's go now through the different P&L items in more detail, starting with NII on slide 16. As mentioned, group NII grew by more than 6% on a quarterly basis and 29% in annual terms, almost 40% in Spain ex-TSB. On the top right-hand side, you can see the drivers that explain the quarterly evolution. Moving from left to right, customer NII contributed EUR 37 million. Within this item, customer margin added EUR 44 million, underpinned by the fact that the loan book appreciated at higher interest rates, while the cost of deposits also increased, but remained at contained levels in all geographies.
On the other hand, volumes had a negative impact of EUR 50 million, as loan demand remained subdued in the quarter, as Cesar just mentioned. Moving along to the right, the ALCO contribution, which was pushed up by the repricing of the hedge portion of the portfolio, 44%, along with the interest received on the excess liquidity deposited at the ECB, was more than enough to offset the higher wholesale funding costs related to some issuances, producing a combined net positive impact of EUR 30 million. Finally, the others category, which includes some hedging and other miscellaneous items, had a negative impact of EUR 1 million, while the additional day count for the period, the quarter, explains an impact of plus EUR 6 million.
Our customer margin increased by 10 basis points in the quarter to almost 3%, driven by the repricing of our variable rate portfolio, as well as by the higher yield on new originations, and as we just mentioned, by a contained cost of customer funds, with deposit beta progressing marginally better than our expectations. Loan yield is increasing as Euribor is repricing. Moreover, in our case, for 2024, we have more than EUR 8 billion of fixed rate loans, mainly corporate loans, which will be repriced. This repricing to higher rates ensures that with the current forward curve, our loan yield will keep improving until next summer.
On the other hand, NIM is currently above 2%, having grown by 14 basis points in the quarter, at an even faster pace than the customer margin, underpinned by the ALCO and the liquidity contribution. With all this in mind, and with the first nine months of the year behind us, we have revised our guidance upwards once again, and we believe that NII in 2023 will grow close to 25% on a year-on-year basis. Leaving now the NII line to one side and moving on to fees, these remained broadly stable in the quarter, posting an increase of 0.9%, while on an annual basis, they decreased by 6.3%. The movements are mainly attributable to the improved performance of credit risk fees, both in the quarter and the year.
Services fees also recorded positive growth in the quarter, supported by fees related to cards, which saw higher levels of turnover during the summer season. In terms of the year-on-year variation, the underperformance of service fees is partly explained by lower revenues from current accounts, as we reduced maintenance fees to reflect the positive interest rate environment. Within asset management fees, insurance brokerage fees were impacted in the quarter by higher remuneration paid to customers on certain savings insurance products. Moving out from revenues to costs, this is slide 19. This quarter, total costs remained broadly stable, with slight growth of 0.7%. In a year-on-year basis, costs rose by 3.2%, in line with our expectations, as we had already anticipated that they would increase gradually through the year.
The evolution of this line is explained by higher marketing expenses and salaries at Sabadell ex-TSB. This was partially offset by amortizations that were EUR 10 million lower this quarter, as the amortization period for TSB's intangible core deposits have come to an end. In other words, this reduction will be recurrent. As you can see on the right, the effect of this contained cost growth, combined with the improvement in revenue sources, have brought the cost-to-income ratio down by approximately five percentage points over the last 12 months. With this, at group level, the cost-to-income ratio for the third quarter now stands at 48.7%, while if we exclude TSB, the cost-to-income ratio, it's down to 43.1%.
On the following slide, we take a look at our core results, calculated as NII plus fees minus costs, a metric that, it is our understanding, shows how our core banking business is doing. This quarter, core results have increased by 9.1%, bringing the total annual variation to almost 39% at group level. This positive trend, it's driven by our adjustments, as we are seeing core revenues, especially NII, supported by positive interest rates, which comfortably offsets the absorption of above-mentioned limited cost inflation. On the right-hand side, you can see the year-on-year evolution of core results. The increase of this metric is underpinned, obviously, by a remarkable contribution of NII, which added EUR 790 million. Costs explains a deduction of EUR 69 million, while fees have a negative impact of EUR 71 million in the year.
On the following slide, we cover cost of risk and the other P&L items between pre-provision income and profit before taxes. The group total cost of risk improved slightly in the quarter to stand at 55 basis points, which is better than our year-end guidance, a sign that the resilience of our asset quality is there, as we will later review. Credit cost of risk stood at 43 basis points at the end of September, decreasing by 3 basis points in the quarter. This reduction is related to the fact that delinquency continues to be at low levels. Looking at the breakdown of total provisions, on the top right-hand side, from left to right, we can see that first, we booked EUR 160 million for loan loss provisions in the quarter, equivalent to the 43 basis points of credit cost of risk that I just mentioned.
Next, we booked EUR 7 million for foreclosed assets provisions. We also had EUR 35 million of NPA management costs, which could be considered a run rate. And finally, other provisions, which have more volatility, and mainly relate to litigations, stood at EUR 6 million. All in all, total cost of risk is performing well, bolstered by stable NPA levels and robust asset quality. Moving now to the next section, I will walk you through, as always, through asset quality, liquidity, and solvency. Let us start by the evolution of the problematic assets. Starting with NPLs on slide 23. NPLs remained flattish during the quarter, even though this period is typically characterized by negative seasonality in terms of recovery activity in August, which tends to be reflected in the slightly higher net NPL inflows.
Therefore, with stable levels of NPLs, the increase of NPL ratio during the quarter is explained not by increase of NPLs, but by a reduction of the loan book. Looking at the exposure by stages, on the right-hand side, it is worth mentioning that our stage two exposure, as a percentage of total book, dropped by 68 basis points in the quarter or EUR 600 million. A similar reduction to the one that we saw in Q2. And this evolution is mostly explained by migration to stage one, which confirms robust levels of asset quality. Currently, our stage three coverage is 40.8% at the group level, or 43.8% ex-TSB, which is due to the fact that TSB's portfolio, mostly comprised by mortgages, requires less coverage, as they hold real estate guarantees.
Finally, it is worth noting that the amount of total provisions compared to Stage 3 portfolio rose by 1% in the quarter, towards 57%. Moving on, in terms of foreclosed assets, the stock declined by EUR 44.4 million in the quarter, or 14% year-on-year, to just slightly over EUR 1 billion. 20% of the stock has been sold during the last 12 months, with an average premium of 6%, which in my opinion, shows that these assets are correctly marked to market on our balance sheet. The coverage ratio for this portfolio remained broadly stable at 39%, and 95% of foreclosed assets are unfinished buildings. Overall, total NPAs, this is NPLs and foreclosed assets, were slightly down Q-o-Q and year-on-year.
Gross and net NPA ratios remained stable at 4.1% and 1.9% respectively, while total coverage increased 2 percentage points year-on-year towards 54%. Moving now to liquidity on the following slide. The group position improved further in the quarter and remains at very comfortable levels. This can be seen in the EUR 50 billion of high-quality liquid assets, which increased by EUR 3 billion during the quarter. Also, in the LCR, which stood at 220% for the group, this is 20 percentage points higher than in Q2, having already repaid 84% of the TLTRO. Loan-to-deposit ended the quarter below 95%, marginally better than the previous quarter. In terms of European Central Bank funding, EUR 5 billion remain outstanding, and this will mature in March 2024.
In fact, at the end of the third quarter, the liquidity deposited at the ECB was more than five times the outstanding TLTRO balance, while ECB minimum reserve requirements reached EUR 1.1 billion. Finally, in the U.K., we currently have GBP 4 billion outstanding under the TFSME, which will mature in the second half of 2025. Slide 20, I would like to highlight that we keep holding a positive outlook for both Fitch, S&P, and Moody's. Turning now to slide 26, we can see our current MREL position. As of today, we are already compliant with the MREL requirements for 2024 in terms of both risk-weighted assets and leverage ratio exposure. Moreover, we are also compliant with both the absolute and subordinated requirements, and we have built a management buffer that is amply above all those requirements.
It is important to note that we have completed the execution of the funding plan for 2023, having printed a total of more than EUR 6 billion in the first nine months of the year. The senior non-preferred debt issued this quarter was the last of the MREL issuances scheduled for 2023. Let me remind you that our AT1 and Tier 2 buckets, as well as the senior preferred and senior non-preferred, are already completed, so we do not need to issue AT1 or Tier 2 in the medium term. Or in other words, from now on, we have no need for new net issuances to be made. In the next slide, we can see that we continue to generate capital organically as our profitability improves.
Our fully loaded CET1 ratio starts at this weird number of 13.13%, having increased by 26 basis points in the quarter, or 59 basis points during the first nine months. When we look at the breakdown of the quarterly evolution, first of all, we see an organic capital generation of 31 basis points, including the accrual of 50% dividend payout, as this is the percentage that we distributed last year. Secondly, the fair value reserve adjustments of our fixed income portfolio had a small negative impact of -1 basis points. And finally, the evolution of RWAs was marginally negative in the quarter, reducing by 4 basis points, as the volume mix has tilted towards higher density loans in the quarter.
From a regulatory perspective, the CET1 ratio also stood at 13.13% on a phasing basis, which implies an MDA buffer of 428 basis points, with an increase of 6 basis points Q-on-Q. The MDA buffer was impacted by the increase in the countercyclical buffer in the U.K. from 1%-2%, and consequently, the requirement for Sabadell Group rose by 20 basis points. With this, I hand over to César, who will conclude our presentation today.
So thank you very much, Leo. To finish our presentation, let's recap on the guidance for 2023 on slide 29. Last quarter, we updated our initial 2023 guidance for most of key metrics. We are now improving the guidance for some of those. Firstly, for NII, we raised our initial 2023 guidance from the high teens growth to above 20. Now, we are raising our NII guidance for the year even further, to a growth rate close to 25%. NII grew in the first nine months of the year by 29% year-on-year. As Leo explained before, our loan book is repricing at high rates and will keep this upward trend for longer. Secondly, with regards to fees, we are still applying a prudent approach with a mid-single digit decline.
Thirdly, we reported a total cost of EUR 2.231 billion in the first nine months of the year, on track to meet our year-end target of around 3.5% growth. Fourthly, total cost of risk dropped slightly in the first nine months of the year to 55 basis points, so we are maintaining our latest guidance of less than 60 basis points year-on-year. All this has brought our return on tangible equity up to 11.6% year-to-date, which is already above our updated year-end profitability. Now, the return on tangible equity guidance for the year has been increased to around 11.5%.
This updated year-end guidance does not consider any capital gains from the alliance with Nexi in our merchant acquiring business, which we expect to book in the first half of 2024. With this, I will hand over to Gerardo to kick off our Q&A session. Thank you.
Thank you, César. We'll, we'll now begin the Q&A session. Please remember to unmute your line before making your questions. You can unmute your line pressing star six. Operator, could you please open the line for the first question?
First question is coming from Maksym Mishyn from JB Capital. Please go ahead, pressing star six.
Hi, good morning. Thanks for the presentation and taking our questions. I have three. The first one is on customer spreads. You've mentioned you expect the loan book yield to keep increasing until summer next year in Spain. And what about deposit costs? How do you see them evolving in the coming quarters, and when do you expect customer spreads to reach their peak? The second is on the proposal to reduce weekly labor hours in Spain. I was wondering if the reduction, potential reduction, could have an impact on your cost base. And finally, on capital, you again added to your excess in the quarter, and I was wondering if you could provide us with some color on when we should expect an update on potential deployment, and which options could you consider? Thanks.
Sorry. The first one on NII, yes, we are expecting yields to continue growing through the course of the following quarters. Certainly, in this coming fourth quarter, but also in the first, at least the first half of the year, if we take into account the forward curve, which indicates that rates will be more or less at this level until the summer, and then they might come down. So, taking that into account, we will still be repricing mortgages until well into the summer next year. On top of that, we have around EUR 8 billion of fixed SME loans, which will mature next year and have not been repriced in the latest two years, so that will be quite a boost.
So we are confident with the increase of the yields on our loan books for the coming quarters, no? Deposits, I think it's clear that they will keep on growing, no. They've been growing all through the year, despite the fact that the beta that we are now giving away, it's slightly lower than the one that we budgeted, you know? We believe that the trend will continue, but I think it will be manageable. It's very difficult to determine a beta for 2024. Actually, we are budgeting right now, so I don't have the numbers, but I am fairly comfortable with the idea that, the percentage, the overall percentage of deposits are, that, will have a yield, will be lower than, those numbers that we have seen in previous cycles, which, got to be up to 55%.
I think that's clear, in my opinion. I think we will be, lower, lower than, than, than those, than those numbers, no?
... Thank you, Leo. On the potential labor weekly hours reduction change, first of all, that's not set in stone. It's a proposal that still we have to see if it goes through or not. And we don't think, with our initial estimates, that it will have any material impact on the costs of the bank. In terms of shareholder remuneration, and of course, we understand the relevance of this question, let me make some statements here. So the first one is that it's clear that we continue to generate capital organically. In fact, we have generated 26 risk points in the quarter, and I think it's 59 basis points year to date.
So, and we expect to continue generating capital in the, in the year, and we see, as Leo mentioned, no regulatory headwinds in the coming quarters. So we see our capital levels and capital buffers comfortably in line with our peers. As you all know, we are currently accruing a 50% payout of our net profits, which is exactly the same level of payout distributed in 2022. What, from a governance perspective, the group has decided is that any decision on shareholder remuneration or final payout will take place later on, on the back of our year-end results, and this is the responsibility of the board of directors.
So it's also worth mentioning that, if you look at it on the back of our current return on tangible equity, which is around 11.5%, and current share price, this payout level would represent a dividend yield or a total remuneration to shareholders of above 10%. And because the board of directors is very conscious of the relevance, in the back of the very good evolution of the first nine months, the board of directors has approved that increase that we've mentioned already, of 50% interim cash dividend. Therefore, these EUR 0.03 will be paid in December out of the 2023 results of the first nine months. And as I mentioned before, once we close the year, the board of directors will decide on the rest of the shareholder remuneration elements.
At that point in time, it will take into account, into consideration, the same elements that they did last year: the sustainability of capital, the capacity to grow funds, the of funds growth, the nature of our shareholder base, which you know that it's more or less, in simplified terms, 50/50 retail and institutional, the practices of peers, the financial impacts of any decisions, and so forth. In terms of, to cover in full the question, as the potential excess of capital, as it is the case with shareholder remuneration, any decision on the topic will be taken by the board of directors later on, on the back of year-end results, and as we have further visibility on our budget for next year and our prospects for the medium term.
Sorry, just picking up, because I think I forgot one of your questions, Max. You were requesting when was going to be the peak of customer spread, no? As mentioned before, driven by the repricing of the yields on the loan books, we are comfortable with the idea that these customer spread will keep on growing at least until the second quarter of next year, of 2024.
Thank you, and thank you, Max, for your questions. Operator, let's please move on to the next caller.
Next question is coming from Carlos Cobo from Société Générale. Please go ahead, pressing star six.
Hi, good morning, and thank you very much for the presentation. A question, a couple of questions from me. One is on loan demand and fee income. I mean, results are obviously sound and strong, but if we're gonna focus on the weakest areas, is obviously loan demand and fee income. That's not only for Sabadell, it's most Spanish banks. So I would like to understand how do you think about this? Because we saw a continuation of the deleveraging process in the private sector, that obviously this higher rates environment is not gonna help it. So when you think about the longer term, how do you see loan demand? When, when do you think it could recover? Is it peak?
So my point is: Are your customers waiting to have more visibility on rates and on the cost of those loans, or simply the deleveraging process continues? And obviously linked to that, what is the prospect for fee income as well, because it's also one of the weakest spots. And secondly, about your EUR 8 billion loans, corporate loans repricing, could you elaborate a little bit more on how that compares to peers, in terms of how is the structure of your corporate loan book compared to peers, and whether that implies a strong repricing into 2024 versus the average, or it's simply that you have more corporates than peers and that should help? It'll be good to understand that angle as well. Thank you.
Thank you very much. Let me start with the volumes. I think very clearly at the beginning of the year we said that this was a year to focus on margins rather than on volumes. And this is for a very simple matter, and it's a very strategic, simple strategic thinking. It does not make sense to compete for volumes in a declining market. When will that trend reverse? Well, I think that's highly related to monetary policy and to the macroeconomic situation, and it's very difficult to make projections. We don't see a strong demand as we stand now. But if you look at it a little bit on a per-product basis, it is true that in mortgages, the origination, for example, is falling quarter on quarter by 19%.
But nevertheless, in the quarter it was much smaller at—and this is the volumes, the absolute volumes, because if you look at the year-to-date mortgage, the book only fell by 1.9. And that is because, which is not that significant, and that is because there is, the prepayments are declining very strongly. I think, it's also important to note, that consumer lending, which is growing in the market, we are growing faster than the market, so this is very much in line with the strategy. You don't fight for market share in declining markets, but, yes, you do, when the markets are, are growing. And, on a year-on-year basis, our consumer book, and in absolute amounts, it's less relevant, but the margins are much more significant. As you know, our year-on-year consumer book grows by 14%, no?
The good news is that the new loans in arrears for more than 90 days, and in this product, it's very sensitive because this is a product in which you identify the weakness. If you're not being careful with your risk strategy, that's where you see them the earliest. It's performing better than in the last two years and at a very healthy, very, very healthy levels. So in absolute volume, they contribute little, but in margin, they contribute handsomely, and the key is to have good risk metrics, and we are doing that very well. And this is back-to-back to the strategy of digitalization, because before we didn't have this product on a digital basis, and now we do, and we have improved significantly our models. In corporate and SMEs, the demand is low.
In public sector, the yearly evolution is also affected by the amortization, as we said before, of the EUR 2.1 billion loans in the treasury. In other lending, as we mentioned also, there is the seasonal impact of the advanced payment from the Social Security. So the volumes are weaker, mainly in terms of new production, less so in terms of the book, because there is a little bit less turnover. And it's very difficult to know when this trend will return. What I can assure is that we are ready. We are ready for growth when the market takes off again.
But as I mentioned before, this will be in the back of the monetary policy that we see that could be starting to ease in not a too distant future, and on the macroeconomic situation of Spain, which is, in relative terms, better than the one of Europe as we stand. In fee income, we have very often explained, and Leo, please-
Sure.
Feel free to complete on anything, but on fee income, you have to understand also that there was a major shift from in our insurance products from one-time payment to annual payments on our insurance products related to mortgages, and also that the new production or mortgages is subdued. So yes, we have had, and we foresee, that although in the fourth quarter we could see a slight improvement of the fee income for the year, we remain with our mid the single-digit decline.
Sure. Just to complement, if you wish, for 2024, we do expect a much better evolution of the fee line, you know, driven by the fact, I mean, risk transactions, this is the ones that are related to volumes. They're up higher, sorry, up year-on-year, despite the fact that volumes are coming down. So we shouldn't expect something very different from that next year. On the service commissions, I think the very good news is that everything related to payments is still pretty, pretty good. We can see this on the number of transactions, which are still growing, both in cards and points of sales, both Q and Q. This is versus second Q and also year-on-year. So, the, the, there's a lot of... The economy is very dynamic.
The impact that we had this year was driven by the fact that, you know, we have now positive interest rates, and therefore, we're charging less for maintenance fees. A big chunk of this will probably already happen in 2023. Then there's another big impact, which is the one that César was referring to on the asset under management fees, which is the one related to this change in shift from selling insurance with an annual premium, which is what we have right now, instead of an upfront payment, which is what we had before. This is for the life of the mortgage, no?
And this will have an impact in 2023 of around EUR 30 million, which obviously we do not expect in 2024 or in 2023, because the products that we're gonna be selling are the same. This is annual premium insurances.... As per your second question regarding the EUR 8 billion repricing, I'm afraid I'm going to fail at giving you any sense of how does this compare with our peers. I would imagine that we have more fixed loans than our peers, because of the structure of our balance sheet, and probably more SME and corporate exposure in Spain than our peers, you know? What I know is that these EUR 8 billion, they're maturing with a yield of around 2%.
If we look at the origination numbers that we're doing for these kind of products, SME and corporates in the quarter is around 5%, so this is a 300 basis points spread times EUR 8 billion. If you consider just six months, because I don't know when they are maturing, so for the average of the year, well, that's quite a lot of money for NII next year. Thank you.
Thank you, and thank you, Carlos, for the questions. Operator, let's please move on to the next call.
Next question is coming from Andrea Filtri from Mediobanca. Please go ahead, pressing star six.
Yes, hi. Two questions, one on M&A and one on the digital euro. On M&A, given the ongoing transformation that you are undergoing, can we rule out Sabadell looking for acquisitions of other banking networks in its domestic market? And on the digital euro, what do you see as risks and opportunities of the digital euro implementation? Have you budgeted the impact to your business model, and could you share it with us? Thank you.
Okay. I think, in general, and I think we are going to be boring on this one, once again, I think, we are satisfied with our strategy of, stable perimeter. It has given us focus, and, all our business lines and geographies have benefited from it. And, all are, profitable today. In terms of M&A in Spain, I think, peers present, a healthy capital, liquidity, and profitability situation, so there's also less incentive to look for M&A activity. And, we are focused on the increase of profitability organically, as I have shared with you. So no change in our perimeter inside of our... or outside of Spain. Clear map in terms of improving profitability, and that's our focus.
Believe me, to have an organization that has clear its perimeter, that has clear its strategy, that is focused, has an impact on the results. I understand that this is not quantitative, but it's certainly true, and I think we are seeing it in practice. In terms of ... I don't know, you want to add anything, Leo? No. In terms of the digital euro, I mean, it's clear that we have to accept that the digital euro will be a reality, and in that sense, we have created a project team with people from IT, operations, digital regulation, macro payments, current accounts, and private banking, to assess potential opportunities and also risks as well as to determine to start determining, because it's still not immediate, the strategy about digital assets, no?
And we have participated in an exercise as a proof of concept to assess possible impacts on a digital euro deployment. But it is too early, at this point in time, to give you any quantification, and certainly in terms of budgeting at this point in time, it's not relevant, and it's too early to quantify the impacts that we will see forward. But certainly a very relevant subject, which is coming to reality, as I mentioned before, but not immediate to the point of requiring significant budgeting changes at this point in time to be mentioned.
Thank you.
Thank you, Andrea. Operator, let's please move on to the next question.
Next question is coming from Carlos Peixoto from CaixaBank BPI. Please go ahead, pressing star six.
Yes. Hi, good morning. This is Carlos from CaixaBank. I would focus a bit on capital and the potential for additional add-ons on distribution or basically distribution of extraordinary capital. My question here would it be, well, not whether I would take one above 14.1. I guess this could be a point of discussion in the future and to be more precise, what would be the triggers for an extraordinary share buyback or even to be announced? Is it certain threshold of 61?
Is it being able to reallocate part of the capital from the U.K. into Spain, because actually the excess capital in the TSB is even higher than the average of the group. What could be the triggers there? Then, on a second question, if you could update us on total balance sheet sensitivity to a 100 basis point movement, either upwards or downwards, in interest rates? Thank you.
Okay, on the capital question, I don't think I can or should add anything to what I've said before. This is reserved, board reserved material. There will be their conversations, their discussions, and we will have more clarity around everything in principle with the year-end results, once we know exactly how we have closed the books, and we have the budget, et cetera. And on the balance sheet sensitivity, Leo?
Sure. Just point out on capital that you mentioned about our U.K. franchise, just to remind everyone that last year, TSB made a payout of 50% of the profits to the group, and obviously, this year we are aiming for something similar, at least something similar, no? So the capital is also flowing from the U.K. to the group, as it should, as the capital is flowing to shareholders, no. And coming back to sensitivity-
And, just to mention on that, it has nevertheless originated,
Yeah
... 200 basis points of core Tier 1 in the last two years, no?
Yeah, despite the dividend, absolutely. Yeah, so it's a good franchise. And in terms of NII sensitivity, well, we have the regulatory sensitivities, which are driven by some assumptions that are imposed by regulators. With that one, for 100 basis points of increase of rates, our NII will grow 6.4% in the year or 14.1% in two years. And for the decline, is more or less the same in the first year, and in the second year is -12.9%. Nevertheless, as you've probably heard from this, from me before, I... This gives you a sense of direction. It's not precise, because it depends on the assumptions.
For example, the deposit beta that we're seeing right now, it's been better than what we even expected, and much better than what is included in the regulatory assumptions. So for me, perhaps another way of looking at this, it's well, the sensitivity that we have given out the market, no, which is real. And it's for every 4% increase of NII, we increase 1% of return on tangible equity. So, for example, is this true? Is this happening? When we look at the evolution for the first nine months of the year, NII has grown 29% year-on-year.
And if we exclude the banking tax, because obviously, this translation from increase of NII to return on tangible, it's with the rest of the P&L being the same, we would see that our return on tangible equity has increased by 5 percentage points, or over 5 percentage points in this same period, no? So this, in my opinion, gives you quite a good proxy, no? 4% of NII, 1% return on tangible, all things being equal.
Thank you, and thank you, Carlos, for the questions. Operator, please move on to the next question.
Next question is coming from Ignacio Ulargui from BNP Paribas. Please go ahead, pressing star six.
Hi, good morning. Thank you for taking my questions. I have two. The first one is a bit on what do we expect in terms of trends for NII and TSB have been delivering a very good performance on the structural hedge. Should we, as kind of get that going forward into 2024 and 2025? And the second question is on the competitive landscape in Spain, particularly in the SME lending. I mean, the lack of lending demand, do you see for now that is translating to price competition or the market is kind of not that competitive at this stage? Thank you.
Okay. The trends in NII at the TSB are, I think, kind of flattish for 2024, because the support from the caterpillar is cumulative. So it will have some impact that will offset the pressures on the margin in 2024. And it might be, I mean, not the best year in terms of NII in the U.K. market, but as it is cumulative, we see that the impact of that caterpillar will improve in 2025. And furthermore, but Leo will cover more. Furthermore, what we would expect is that the beta will be more, will continue, but will not accelerate, or on the contrary, as we advance forward, because most of it, or a big part of it, is done.
Sure. If I may add, I mean, in 2023, I think, in U.K. banks, and TSB is not, it's different, we saw the peak of NII in Q1. So we've seen that, NII is stable to coming down in the following quarters. I think TSB is performing better than other big banks, probably driven by the fact that we have a very, very atomized deposit franchise, where 90% of the deposits are below 10,000 GBP, and the average deposit per client is 7,000 GBP, no? So this has allowed us to be to provide for a lower beta, perhaps, than other peers, you know, and this is translating in the evolution of NII. Nevertheless, in 2023, NII is gonna grow versus 2024... 2022, sorry.
So probably in the mid-single digit space or just below that... For 2024, we're budgeting, so we don't have the final numbers. We've seen different trends in the market, no? So on the one hand, there's a lot of competition in mortgages, both, especially in prices and lower demand from customers. That's what we're seeing on the outstanding balances that are coming down. On the other hand, obviously, the, the deposits are being repriced, as we are seeing through 2023, and this will probably go on in 2024, given that rates might not have reached the peak, although they're very close to the peak in 2024. Against all these headwinds, we have the structural hedge that César was mentioning. It's a five-year caterpillar.
In other words, we have around EUR 4 billion or EUR 5 billion repricing every single year, and that would be the case in 2024. But against this tailwind, we have the headwinds of the mortgage volumes and the prices of deposits. So all in all, if I take a very, very, very high view, probably 2024 will be somewhere flattish. I need to finish the budget and see the volumes, and so on and so forth. But nevertheless, this gives me... I'm reasonably comfortable with the fact that 2025 should be much better, because the structural hedge will come in again, and probably that time the rates will have reached the peak for some time and will be at least stable, and therefore, the deposit repricing will probably have come to an end, or most of it, no?
I'm more comfortable with 25, with a positive view on 25, no.
On the if there's pressure on the demand price, on SMEs and on working capital and so forth, the frameworks here are very healthy. This is a business that we do very well. We know how to compete, and furthermore, the market, the pressures are allowing to build a good book. I think, on the contrary, the pressure is a little bit higher on the mortgages. Mortgages pricing is where we are seeing that. And that's why the growth, we are not opting for any growth there.
Thank you, and thank you, Nacho, for all the questions. Operator, let's please move on to the next question.
Next question is coming from Borja Ramirez, from Citi. Please go ahead. Pressing star six.
Hello, good morning. Can you hear me?
Yeah.
Hello. I have two questions. Firstly, on the 2% current account that was announced this week, we would like to ask what is the budget for growth in deposits? What is the potential risk of migration with internal customers? And also, why are you announcing this why now? And then the second question would be on the U.K.. If you could please provide your expectations for loan and deposit growth in TSB, and also how do you expect to refinance the TFSME? Thank you.
Let me take the first one. This current account, and let me start with the why now. The why now makes lots of sense from a strategic perspective. I mean, as I mentioned before, our cost to income was not ideal in retail, and we had a very traditional value proposition. This very traditional value proposition need to be reviewed, and what we did is we reduced costs very handsomely, and then we have digitalized our offer. Now, we are a completely different bank than we were two and a half years ago, and we have considered that it's the time to attract more clients that will be engaged, new clients with us. So the timing, the timing is perfect from a strategic perspective.
If you look at it, the new digital account that we already launched in the second quarter of 2022 has given us very satisfactory results, and it hasn't made a material impact on our cost of funding, as we mentioned before. Our customer funds are at 38% cost, and they are margined lower than the ones of the sector, as we mentioned before, 0.39%, which is the sector one. So... This is a new account. If you compare it with the previous value proposition, the previous value proposition was at 2.5%, now it's at 2%. The new value proposition has a cap at EUR 20,000. The previous one had a cap of EUR 30,000.
So it's less of a promotional account, but it's very attractive because it's not a promotion, it's a current account, and it allows the clients to obtain some returns while they have their account, their direct debits, their payroll, and, and so forth, no? And on top of that, we are offering a 3% cashback on utility, on utility bills. For the rest of our customers, what are we doing? What we have been doing with the previous period and the previous digital account, these clients are more traditional. And for these clients, we understand the situation and offer best products on a case-by-case, situation. So just to be clear, this is a new digital account for new customers, no? And for the existing customers, it's through our network that, we satisfy their needs.
It's important to stress that the amount in the existing customers of funds in investment products stand at EUR 54.5 billion, and they have grown by EUR 7.1 billion in the last 12 months. So we are taking care of them, but they have a different profile, they have different needs, and we attend them through our network. And finally, if this makes sense or not, well, attracting customers at 2% cost, it allows us also to replace more expensive and volatile funding that we already have at a higher cost, no? For example, wholesale or institutional funding that is usually based on auctions, and it's much closer to ECB rates. So we think it makes makes lots of sense. We don't see the downside potential risk, or we see them very controlled.
As your question of budgeting, we are not disclosing those, also for competitive reasons at this point in time. So, Leo, on the U.K. deposit?
Sure. On the U.K., as I mentioned before, we're budgeting, so I don't have the numbers, and we will provide you with these precise numbers at year-end. But looking at the trends, loans are coming down, and deposits are coming down, but less. So for example, we are improving our loan-to-deposit, which stands at 104. This is 3 percentage points less than last year. When I look at the evolution of the mortgages, the production has been subdued for certain in the year, but we've seen in the last quarter, an increase of both production and applications, so. And the trend of applications has gone for three quarters already.
If I look at the number of applications today, this would imply stable volumes going forward, but we need to see whether this remains being the case or not. We'll see fourth Q, and then we will decide upon this, no? But in any case, what we've seen is that deposits are very sticky, and this is what, in my opinion, is driving the fact that our NII is evolving perhaps better than other banks. So regarding your question on TFSME, we have GBP 4 billion pending. We had GBP 5.5 billion. We've already given back GBP 1.5 billion. I think as a percentage of total assets, our TFSME position, it's probably lower than other institutions, at least the some that come to mind. How we will tackle this?
We will tackle it through commercial gap, as we've done now, and also through, basically, printing common bonds, which is something that TSB is already doing. By the way, TFSME, its cost is not cheap, so this should not imply an impact on our NII.
Thank you. I believe we have lost connection with the operator, so I'll be giving access to the next question. I think it comes from Britta Schmidt from Autonomous. Britta, please go ahead.
Yeah, hi there. Thank you for taking my questions. On the net interest income, I know you said you're, you can't be precise about when the EUR 8 billion fixed rate portfolio reprices, but are there any specific concentrations in a quarter? And considering the slowdown in the loan yield pickup in Q3, do you expect there to be potential for quarter to accelerate again? The other question on NII would be your guidance implies a flattish NII in Q4. What are the pluses and minuses here, and what year-end beta assumption do you expect? And then a question on TSB. The TSB cost income ratio is 70%, even excluding the amortization, which will fall away, and that at likely peak profitability or peak revenue generation. Is there any further scope of improvement that you see, and what form could that be?
Shall I take the first two? So, the first one is very difficult to give you more, I mean, precise numbers. I would take the assumption that, you know, it's six months on this portfolio through the year. As per the evolution, Q on Q, honestly, we're gonna have to be seeing it. Well, we're budgeting now, and we'll have a more clear view by the end of the year. It will depend on the curves, no? If the rates start to go down in the second half of the year, there is a chance that the second half of the year is lower than the first half of the year in terms of NII.
In any case, the way I see it is that, even that second half of the year should be higher than any first or second half in 2023. That's why we believe that NII, all things being equal, MRR being the one that we have right now, for example, should grow. I wouldn't understand why it wouldn't grow in 2024, no? But it's difficult to give you a more precise, idea, on a Q by Q basis. Sorry, sorry about that. As per the flattish quarter in Q4, that's, that can be a possibility.
We need to remind that the repricing of mortgages, it's still going on for a few quarters, but the spreads at which we are repricing versus the previous one, the fixed previous one, it's obviously lower, no? I mean, Euribor at the end of last year was already around 2.5%-3%, no, and we are repricing to 4%, but it's not from -50 to 4, no? Which was the case at the beginning of the year. On top of this, we have some higher costs coming from wholesale funding, as we printed some bonds in Q3, and they didn't have a full impact in Q3, just about-...
more or less half of the quarter, or even a little bit less, and this will have full impact in, in Q4. And there's also the fact of the, the MRR that I mentioned before, no? The minimum reserve requirement, which was imposed at the end of September, so it basically didn't have an impact in third quarter, but, will have an impact in Q4 of around EUR 10 million, no? So these are more or less the, the, the different moving parts.
In respect to the question around TSB. It is true that the return on tangible equity has improved considerably, but it is also true, and you're spot on, that the cost-to-income ratio of TSB is not the best. Looking forward, I think we are quite optimistic, with less optimism for the very short term, but more optimism for the longer term. It is under consideration, certainly, to address the shortcoming of having a high cost-to-income ratio at TSB. Let me leave it at that for now.
Thank you, and thank you, Britta, for the question. I'm afraid, we are already about 15 minutes ahead of the scheduled time, so we will give access to the last question. Please, operator, let's give access to the last question.
Last question is coming from Fernando Gil de Santivañes from Bestinver. Please go ahead, pressing star six.
Hi, thank you. A very quick one, just to end up. So during Q2, you said that the profitability in 2024 would be higher than in 2023, if I recall well. Do you maintain this, given that you have these new online accounts and the new updated ROTE targets? Thank you.
For sure. For sure, and that's the key, the key issue, and I think Leo has been mentioning quite a bit. It's around all the elements of the P&L. All the elements of P&L, NII, costs, cost of risk. We see an improvement in the top line, and we see solid cooperation from the rest of the lines, but I'm sure that Leo will give us some more light. The question that surprises me is that you think that the new account is going to have any impact on the P&L and on our projections for 2024. I think it's on the contrary. I think it's going to be positive contribution.
We are going to see growth in customers, and we are going to see growth in engaged new customers, and we are going to see a substitution of higher cost funding for lower cost funding, because we are going to substitute costs of funding at around 4% by costs of funding at around 2%. Of course, there are acquisition costs, but that should not have anything but a positive impact in 2024. In terms of the question on cannibalization, we don't see it. We had a much more promotional offer before. Instead of 2%, it was 2.5%. Instead of 20,000, it was 30,000, and we have seen no cannibalization. This is for new customers and for our existing customers, which are far more traditional.
The trend will continue in terms of serving them with alternative products, more oriented to their more traditional background. Therefore, we don't see any impact or any significant impact on the beta from this product, no? On the trends of 2024, Leo.
Sure. For 2024, I mean, we are fairly optimistic. You know, we were in Q2, and we remain being optimistic in Q3, you know? There's a number of moving things in the budget, no? But... And we're budgeting, so I don't have final numbers. You know, so for example, I don't have numbers and volumes, so. But NII, I really see that it's very difficult that it doesn't grow, unless we see changes in, I don't know, MRRs or things like that, which obviously I'm not taking into account. I'm taking just into account the 1% that is now in place.
But with that, and taking into account that the customers' spread is gonna keep on growing at least until the second quarter next year, I believe that first half of next year is gonna be higher than either first or second half of 2023. And the second half is probably, if rates start to come down, gonna be lower than first half of 2024, but probably also higher than first and second 2023. So I don't see... I think I'm optimistic here. I think it will grow. There's also one thing that is absolutely clear to me. Next year, we have EUR 150 million less of contributions to SRB and deposit guarantee scheme. This is written in stone. This is a number. This is it. So that's for certain.
And then, we're budgeting, so I don't have final numbers, but, as I tried to explain before, we're not seeing, not even early warning indicators in terms of asset quality. This may change, but, for the time being, we're not seeing anything, getting worse there. So I expect that cost of risk would not have a play in 2024. In other words, I think it should be where we end in 2023, if not slightly better. But for this, we need to go deeper into the budget, no? With so with all these moving parts improve, taking into account, we certainly see that, net profits will keep on improving, next year, and therefore, the return on tangible equity also.
Thank you. And thank you all for your questions. Thank you, César and Leo, for the answers. To any of you who might have been left out, apologies, but we have to leave the call at this point. Let me, in any case, remind you that the full IR team is available for any further questions that you could have. And with that-
A super IR team, by the way. Congratulations.
Let's wrap up the call. Let's wrap up the call. Thank you all for your participation and for joining us today. Have a good day.
Thank you very much.
Thank you very much. Bye.