Earnings Call: Q3 2020

Oct 28, 2020

Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the Carrefour Analyst Conference Call. I'll now hand over to Mr. Alexandre Robampard, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. Sir, please go ahead. Good morning to all of you. Thank you for being with us today. I hope you are well and safe. I would like to personally convey three key messages before we answer your questions. The first is that we are standing strong in an unprecedented situation. As the COVID-nineteen crisis continues, we are maintaining an extreme level of vigilance in three respects on the health situation in all our countries and the responses to it by public authorities. The first wave is continuing in Latin America, while the second wave is hitting Europe. In recent weeks, confinement has been extended in Argentina and partially reinstated in Spain. A curfew has been introduced in most regions of France, Italy, Belgium, while new restrictions have been adopted in Poland. We are preparing for the possibility of further restrictive measures being announced in the near future. Second, on the safety of our teams and our customers. We have put in place an entire arsenal of sanitary measures since the start of the crisis, and we have them regularly audited to ensure that they are fully respected. Our countries have also initiated a certification process of their health measures against COVID-nineteen by independent third parties. To date, this process is progressing well in France, and Spain, Brazil and Romania have already been certified. This is clear recognition of the quality of the work done on a daily basis on the shop floor. Third, on our operations. We have a crisis management playbook with responses to each stage of the crisis. We ensure short decision making processes. We circulate best practices. We reinforce our logistics plan to support the food supply chain, and we create new and dedicated services for customers. On all this, we have a key role to play, and we are up to this challenge, thanks to the exceptional commitment of our teams. They continue to be fully invested in customer service. My second message is that we are performing extremely well in this crisis. Our sales grew by 8.4% this quarter. We have not only recorded our best performance in twenty years, we have also outperformed our peers in many areas and geographies. This crisis makes the market more buoyant overall, notably because of a shift away from consumption outside of home to consumption at home. We benefit from this situation, although it varies from country to country. But the crisis does not suddenly make us more efficient. If we are moving as fast as we are and faster than competitors, it's because our strategy is right and appeals to customers. That's the result of the attractive commercial model we have built for them. Our model relies on five priorities: first, competitive prices in most of our countries and the best prices in the market in Brazil and Spain notably. Second, an assortment that meets customer expectations. Our own brand is growing steadily in our sales, and we are reinforcing our leadership in organic products as we outperform the market and continue to expand. Third, a first rate and fast growing digital offering. By investing heavily in online, we have added an omnichannel dimension to our multi format offer. Our infrastructure and expertise allow us to accelerate. Our annual growth in food e commerce exceeded 30% for the first two years, and it has more than doubled in recent months, with an increase of plus 65% this quarter. Looking at the future. We have further enriched our network of partners and put in place logistics to dominate the home delivery market, a promising market where we already are the leader in France. But it's not just about e commerce. Everywhere in our group, our digital transformation has knocked down the wall within our businesses. We bring more and more digital to our stores, to our front, middle and back offices. We are more data centric, and we develop new users for our customers. Fourth, leadership on the food transition for all. The crisis has brought us fully into a world where customers want to regain control of their diet to preserve their health and the planet. The food transition provides an answer to this. That's why I wanted Carrefour to embody it. That's why we continue to take many initiatives that are visible to customers. Lastly, the factor that underlies all the rest, the energy that we put into quality of execution and customer satisfaction. These are the top five priorities I have set for all country CEOs, starting with the recently appointed ones. And a very positive dynamic is underway. Customer satisfaction, measured by the NPS, is up four points since the June and 15 points since the start of the plan. This feeds our sales growth in a remarkable way. My third and final message is that we have strong momentum and solid positions in our key geographies. If I focus on our three key countries representing 70% of our global sales, we have two growth engines that are running at full speed. In the huge Brazilian market, we are already the leader, and we are widening the gap with the competition. We have very powerful formats. We are the price leader in each of them. Our sales growth this quarter is absolutely record breaking with plus 26% like for like growth. Both Carrefour retail and the Takadao are performing extremely well, and our hypermarkets are growing 2x faster than the market. In Spain, we achieved a rapid turnaround. We now have a competitive model on very high quality execution, which illustrates what we are doing in other European countries. As a result, we posted plus 6.3% like for like growth this quarter. Our third Angela is in France. Building on the decisive reforms carried out over the last two years, France has now entered a phase of renewed growth. Remy Baetier is leading this new phase with energy and speed. He's shaking up our entire organization and streamlining our processes with an obsession in mind: better operate, better serve the customer. France is already reacting very well to its management and methods as evidenced in our latest figures. Our NPS has increased by plus seven points since the June, thanks to good progress made in all our formats, and our performance versus competitors is solid. We posted plus 3.8% like for like growth in sales, including a clear acceleration in our hypermarkets. In addition to our operations in our geographies, we added another source of growth through bolt on M and A. We have a real ability to play off funds and strengthen our positions in the market in which we operate, as evidenced in Brazil, Taiwan and more recently, in Spain. This additional growth is enabled by the strict financial discipline and strong balance sheet that has become second nature for our group. So where does Carrefour stand today? Our performance is visible to all. All the objectives of the Carrefour 2022 plan are either confirmed or enhanced. The speed of our transformation and its success place us in a very favorable position. Of course, we operate in a difficult economic environment on our services, notably Financial Services and Sales to Professionals in Europe, are facing some headwinds. But in a year that presents many challenges and many uncertainties, we are delivering strong structural growth in our retail activities, both in sales and profitability. We look to the future of our group with confidence. And as the crisis continues, we remain focused on the safety of our teams and clients. Thank you very much for your attention. Matthieu Manish and I are now happy to take your question. We have one first question from Mr. Arnaud Jolie from Societe Generale. Sir, please go ahead. Yes. Good morning, everyone. I have three questions. The first one regarding the $5.55 rolled out in France. How long should it take to have the right implementation? So how long to reach the point where you want to be? The second question on France as well. You have just launched the top project in France. What impact do you expect in terms of level of inventories, number of employees in front of customers and the reduction in product shortages? And the last question, if you can make any comments regarding the level of consensus for 2020. According to Fact Set, it stands at €2,089,000,000 Perhaps I start with the first question and after top on the level of consensus. So you're right. We have been deploying in France with much energy since the arrival of Remy Bailletier, the five fifty five meters. We have, of course, experienced and developed and implemented these meters in many other geographies for one years. Point And today, all our geographies have been working on this method focused on customer satisfaction. In France, since July, this method is implemented with great energy by the new team. As you probably see in the release, the effects of the five fifty five method are strong in terms of NPS. It improved by seven points since July with an increase in all formats, especially hypermarkets. This is, of course, a clear first confirmation of the relevance of this method, but also a clear sign that there is a very positive attitude, understanding and behavior of our teams towards these new methods. We see improvements on most criteria on the notably product promotion availability, the idea that the price is the right price, helpfulness of the teams, waiting time in the cashier. So all these key elements for the customers improve very steadily. So it's a very good sign that our customer understand what we are doing for them, understand that the whole organization from the store, the back office, the headquarters are completely focused on this customer satisfaction. And so no reason why it wouldn't continue. On the contrary, we develop these methods. We implement them everywhere, and we are highly confident about the fact that it should continue to contribute to the improvement of our NPS, which is, as you know, a key element of our performance. On the top project, Arnaud, so you're right. This top project is really about structuring the work in the stores with dedicated teams working both in store replenishment and contact with the customers, another team working in the reserves and making sure that the flow of products and the level of inventory is right. And the third team dedicated to making sure that the data, both in terms of our replenishment system and also in terms of price accuracy is right. The objective of that, we follow them very closely. We have nothing specific to share at the moment. But clearly, we think that we have we can have a better flow of products, reduced inventory, probably an increase in productivity, reduced shortages, probably a better accuracy of our prices and more contact with the customers. So all that goes into the direction of better customer satisfaction and a better efficiency of our operations. Concerning your third question, as usual, I will not point to a specific number. But to elaborate, of course, the environment is uncertain and evolving rapidly with the pandemic on the associated sanitary measures on the macro environment. But as of today, current market expectations for recurring operating income seem fair. We observed different trends for 2020 ROE. Given the very solid commercial model we have built in retail and the successful rolls out of actions founded on customer satisfaction, we expect profitability to actually better than expected in the purely retail business. However, in parallel, some of our activities are penalized by the environment, notably on the Financial Services on the other services like PromoCash. But as of today, current market expectation for ROE seem fair. Next question is from Mr. Xavier Le Mene from Bank of America Securities. Actually, Two for me, if you may. First, in France and Brazil, actually, you saw strong performance in nonfood sales, of course, in a very specific environment. But does it change actually the view you have on nonfood and the hypermarket? That would be the first question. And linked to that, do you see more opportunity for the use of the extra space in the big stores and potentially can you share your thoughts? Thank you for your question. On the non food, you we have been very pragmatic year, as you know. We did think that there was a clear opportunity for us to fulfill customer expectations needs. We have been working for two years. It was a discrete work. It was not possible for you to realize the magnitude of the work that has been done to leverage our international sales, to massify our volumes, to work on the sourcing, to be able to be more attractive for our customers. So we have done this work in the last two years. And first, on all categories, we are far better than we were before, commercially speaking. We are more attractive. Brazil has done a stunning job to restore attractiveness on the nonfood. On India, other European countries and on the rest of our geographies, we have been working to improve all the categories of nonfood on which we were not relevant commercially. That's the first point. The second is that during the crisis, of course, we have understood because there was this idea of one stop shopping that was interesting, that we should be very concentrated on the quality of the operations. We maintain a high quality of our investments in order to be capable to grasp the opportunities of the commercial opportunities. So I would say it doesn't change globally the vision that we have about nonfood. We have never said that nonfood was not necessary. We know that we need a strong nonfood to fuel all our hypermarkets. But as you know, at the beginning of the plan, we did decide that on a certain number of sub categories, we were not relevant, and we stopped a certain number of noncategories. But on the other categories, we are relevant. We have improved a lot our operations. We have improved a lot in terms of commercial attractiveness. And during this crisis, we have decided to be commercially very dynamic in order to grasp all the opportunities. On the square meter reduction, as you know, we have a clear objective. It remains relevant as some stores are too big and can be efficiently compacted. However, this year, as you clearly understand, we wanted to be absolutely pragmatic. And some projects have been delayed due to the COVID context. There are many things to do in the stores, as you can imagine, at different stages of the crisis in all our geographies. And the key priorities was not at all to create new things to do for our team that we want them to be absolutely focused on the operations, on the preservation of the of themselves, on the customers. There are many, many things to do to improve our e commerce capabilities on Drive and so on. So that was not the key priorities of this year, but we confirm in the midterm our objectives. Thank you. Thank you, sir. Next question is from Mr. Andrew Portillo from HSBC. Please go ahead. Yes. Hi, team. Can you just talk about you referenced sort of price investments in the third quarter in some of the fresh categories there. Could you just talk about the competitive environment you're seeing in France and whether you think you're improving your price position relative to some of your competitors and what the outlook is like there? And then, I mean, you've just talked a lot about nonfood, but could you just give us an idea on what categories in particular are performing well? And what what sort of momentum within the business generally, and particularly within non food, gives you? What sort of thoughts it gives you around peak trading and whether you're seeing customers starting to think about Christmas purchases already? On the prices first, I would say that the environment remains, of course, very competitive. As you know, it has been for four years. It continues to be. There has been probably a little more price reinvestment by some independent retailers, but nothing very significant. Nobody is acting in an irrational way, sacrificing margin and bringing the whole market down. That's not the situation. That's competition. Some players invest a little more. Some other don't react. We don't belong to the second category. As you know, for the last three years, thanks to the huge amount of economies that we have been capable to deliver, We have taken many initiatives in all the markets, in all our geographies, and probably you've seen in the press release that we sum the main one for the quarters. In France, since 2018, we have invested first in the supermarket because you know that our belief was that there was room for improvement in supermarket. We have continued that this year. In hypermarkets, we have begun to invest 2019 on beatable prices, on committed prices. In September, we invest fruit and vegetables. So we continue to invest. We take some initiatives. The new team is also thinking to new mechanism in order to be more attractive for our customers. So we have the capability to invest. We have the level of cost savings to fuel that, and we continue to be part of this competition, but there's no irrationality in the market. On the nonfood, I would say that all our main categories has worked positively. You've seen our data for the quarter. They are very strong. We have good results in the majority of our nonfood categories, particularly the categories related to home office, on which we have been good. Have improved a lot on textile because we we did think two years ago that we have a role to play on textile. We have a a good offer, thanks to text. A great job has been done by the team. You know that this level of Textile could play a role, and that's why we have decided to invest on the collection, on the positioning related to our values on environment and so on. So we are satisfied by the performance on all our key categories, more domestic appliances, textile for the summer, all categories related to home, all these categories work positively. You, sir. Next question is from Madam Maria Laura Adullo from Morgan Stanley. Madam, please go ahead. Yes, thank you very much for taking my questions. I actually have just two questions. The first one is around the guidance that you and the comments that you made around the other services and B2B activities in Europe. Just wondering if you could provide some level of context, which country it is in. Any context would actually be helpful for us to then quantify the magnitude of this as part of the overall group? So that would be my first question. Second question, coming back to some of the comments you made around the NPS score and the fact that it was driven by hypermarkets. Any incremental comments that you can make would be helpful. You very much. Morning, Maria and Laura. So on your first question relating to other services, I think it's very consistent with what we disclosed in H1. We said that we would have we had some decrease of recurring operating income on the financial services. The reason for that was that we had a decrease in the net banking income following lower issuance of cards and lower use of the cards and also the fact that we had tightened the conditions for granting credit. And we also reflected the increase of the cost of risk. We see these trends continuing in H2. So that's and that's pretty much across all three main geographies in Financial Services. Then in terms of other activities, so they include B2B like Promo Cash. So it's obviously a segment of the business that we expect to be still slow in H2. So that should impact our profitability. The same applies to our merchant services, including travel agencies and ticketing. I think you can understand very well that these businesses are quite slow. Consequently, pretty much the same dynamic as we had in H1, but we see that dynamic continuing in H2. Concerning your question on NPS, as you know, it's today, the key priorities of all our CEOs on all the management team, We have programs dedicated programs in all the geography. We have this objective of reaching plus 23 points in group NPS by 2022. I can assure you that it is an ambitious objective. It's not easy to reach this level of improvement. The first six months after my arrival, I see these figures never move. So it's really the results of a clear commitment of all the teams towards these objectives. In this quarter, the NPS group has improved by four points after plus three points in the first six months. All the geographies contribute to that, and all the formats contribute to that, to try to give you any further elements. Of course, it's impossible to improve an NPS by this level without having a clear increase in hypermarket. And of course, the hypermarket is the key priority of all the group CEOs in terms of improving the NPS because we know that we have so many things to do, so many potential, so many margin demand in order to improve that. And we clearly see from Argentina to Belgium, including Poland, that when we when when we manage to do that, we we have a strong improve of the customer satisfaction. But it's also the case for digital. We start from a very low point. We always have told that in terms of the quality of service on digital three years ago. The team in all the countries have done a tremendous job to build the omnichannel capabilities, but also to improve the quality of the operations. We see, including during the crisis that was so difficult for our e commerce capabilities, that the NPS is continuing to improve in the digital. Of course, that, we are not at the level where I want us to be. We start from a low point. But including in the NPS in the digital, including with this level of increasing of volumes, we are capable today to track all the elements that we have to increase, to improve in order to improve the customer satisfaction and link to the improvement of the customer satisfaction, create a a reduce the churn, creates more intimacy with with our customers. And that's a job that is that has been done in all our formats, in all our geographies today. You very much. Thank you, madam. Next question is from Mr. Nick Coulter from Citi. Sir, please go ahead. Congratulations on the record growth. A couple from me, please, if I may. Firstly, coming back to French nonfood, it'd be helpful to understand to what extent growth is sustainable or specific to the environment and also to try and marry that up to the kind of the reduction in space, the targets that you have for hypermarkets over the next couple of years. It certainly looks like there's a way to go with respect to those. And then also with respect to France again, on your operating leverage comments, should we expect you to balance the operating leverage with investments in the offer? Or should we expect some to flow through for this year? On On the first question, I can answer a second time, but I think the question has been already posed. But just to try to continue to elaborate a little bit more. We have created, I think, the the the the condition since two years to have a sustainable, more attractive offers on the main categories on food. We have been working hard on our offers, on our sourcing, on our capabilities that was absolutely in existence to leverage our size, to propose some volumes, to create any events around our main products. We were unable to to to do that. So we have worked very strongly, and we have improved our own performance. And improving our own performance, we have we have been creating the conditions for a more sustainable performance in nonfood. It doesn't But then once you reduce space, surely, you'll impact like for like. So that's why I'm trying to square your comments on sustainable nonfood with the intention to massively yes, reduce your the first part of your question was on food. So that's the situation. It doesn't mean, of course, that considering the crisis, we have an additional potential because we know that the capability to offer a one stop shopping experience increases the attractiveness of our nonfood offers. But to answer your question, we have a more sustainable nonfood offer on a certain number of categories. Concerning the nonfood, the reduction of square meters, as I told you, we are well engaged in this process of reducing the stores that are too big, that need to be compacted. It affects mainly the nonfood a certain number of nonfood categories. We have suppressed a certain number of nonfood subcategories. Like, for example, we were not relevant on jewelry or on domestic big domestic appliances. We have reduced them or suppressed them because we don't think that we have a particular role on these categories. And of course, we wouldn't come back on that. But during this crisis, on the level of reduction on the square meters, I'm sure you would understand that the key priority from March to June and today with the sanitary measures, with the crisis, with all that our team have to do was not to continue to reduce that at the same level because I want to be very pragmatic. I want the team to be very focused on the commercial operations. And they have many things to do. And that's why I told you that some projects have been delayed due to the COVID context. And of course, it was the good measures. It has no sense this year to make big changes in our hypermarkets while our hypermarkets are intention with all what we have to do. So the line is the same. We think that a certain number of noncategories were not relevant. In this subcategory, we would continue, and it would probably only it would affect the level of square meter reduction. But for the last quarter, on this year, we have been concentrated on the operations. On your second question, Nick, relating to the evolution of the recurring operating income by geography. Well, I think you get it quite clear in our communication that we feel that there are well, we have three main geographies and that really two of them, namely Brazil and Spain, have reached winning position. And so we expect these to contribute to a I mean, robust growth in terms of recurring operating income. As far as France is concerned, you see that the momentum is growing, is improving. There are clearly very positive signs, both on the customer side and on the market share side. It's we still have to invest more. We're still in a catch up mode in France, but clearly going very fast. And so we will keep nurturing that renewed commercial momentum. It's a growth plan and France needs to get to the same position as the other geographies, Spain and Brazil. Super. That's very helpful. Thank you. Thank you, sir. Next question is from Madame Fabienne Caron from Kepler Cheuvreux. Madame, please go ahead. Good morning, everyone. Three questions for me. First one on online. Clearly, it's a focus for investors. Could you share with us for your key markets, Spain and France, because we've got Brazil, the growth of online in these quarters and what's the weight in percentage of sales? This would be the first question. The second for top in France. It looks as if the price is suggested that by April 2021, 70% of your French hypermarket should be under the TOP model. Could you confirm? Because it looks as if when the hypermarket move to TOP, it gives an extra boost in term of like for like. So I think it will be very useful. And the last question, a more general one for you, Alexandre. It looks as if in France as well, older people or older customers are leaving the hypermarkets and not shopping there anymore. Could you give us your thought on that, please? I'm not sure to have understood the last question. Can you rephrase? The last one is that when we look at the customer base of the hypermarket, it looks like the French hypermarket are suffering because the share of their customers, the above 50s and 60s, are the customers that are not shopping in hypermarket anymore, which is a negative impact for the segment as a whole? Okay. Thank you, Fabienne. I take the first you're right, Andy. This quarter, like the beginning of the year, has been a clear confirmation of the acceleration of the e commerce. I remember we have the discussion with some of you after the semester on some of you, and I understood the question, where asking, do you think that it is a sustainable acceleration? I did think that it was a sustainable acceleration, and it is the case. So we have continued to accelerate. We have increased the distribution capacity during the quarter. We have continued to deploy a network of drives. We have built new partnership for accelerating delivery, Uber Eats in France, Foutpanda in Taiwan, Globo, Bringo. We have continued to open new in store order preparation areas on accelerated warehouses mechanization, And we have continued to work on new services. All that enabled us to continue to accelerate in all our geographies. I think it's 200% for Brazil. It's 45% for France, and it's around 60%, I think, for Spain. So you see the space of growth is strong. We clearly managed to create the conditions to be leader in a certain number of geographies. We are leader in France on the home delivery market. You remember, we were under ten percent three years ago. We are now with 25%, 27% the leader, which is a great achievement. So we will continue to work on that to develop capabilities, to improve our operations. And we do think that we are on the good road to be a stronger multichannel leader. Your last question is such an interesting question, and I think we would need much time to discuss about that because it's a key subject. What we see since the beginning of the plan, and we have been working very strong on that because you're right, the danger for hypermarkets such as in other industry. I used to work in radio ten years ago, and I remember each year, our auditors as one year more on that. It was a very worrying question. And so three years ago, we decided to work on how can we be able to attract families, how can we be able to restore a younger generation coming in our hypermarket on being part of our omnichannel model. And so we have been working on the loyalty programs. We have been working on creating this omnichannel reality, the fact to use all our formats from the proximity till the drive, including the pedestrian drive in order to attract new categories of customers. I wouldn't say today because you know that too much that it's a winning game. But we see positive signs, including young families coming back. And we see clearly that a certain number of our new customers that have entered, thanks to digital, we have been capable to recruit 1,000,000 of new customers, begin to be part of our missional model and go to the hypermarket. So we have been working on that. It's a long term journey. I am aware of that. It's something we are facing that, and we don't pursue this reality. It's a reality, but we have good positive signs. Okay. But is the gain on families enough to offset, you know, the older people now leaving the hypermarket format? I think the whole strategy, Fabienne, is indeed to attract these families with also playing the multi format approach, so we can address them at any time they want to shop. I think the investments we make on private label, on organic products, on cheaper prices, on more services, I think that targets clearly the families. So as Alexandre said, it's something to monitor as time passes, we're very aware of that, and we have a number of actions to address the families. Your other question on the TOP rollout timing, Fabienne, well, we it's the first phases of rollout. You understand that speed is clearly part of the DNA of this team. So we'll try to roll it out as fast as we can. We think it can have very positive effects in a very high number of domains, as I said to Arnaud earlier. So we'll keep you posted on the developments. Nuclear objectives has been shared today. Thank you. Next question is from Madame Carole Modjou from Exane BNP Paribas. Just a couple of questions for me, please. So to come back on France, I guess the country is expected to have more CV restrictions and maybe a lockdown going forward. So what kind of measures are you taking notably in hypermarkets in order to mitigate this potential negative impact? Second question, again, sorry, coming back on non food. Can you remind us how many flat dirty shopping shops you have currently in the Carrefour stores? And maybe give us some updates on this initiative. Is it still ongoing? Or has it been delayed, as you mentioned earlier, because of the COVID? You. Today as of today, and I would say as of now, no one can say exactly what the sanitary measures will be decided, what would be the scale, the intensity, the length of these measures. But of course, we have been working since this summer, September on different scenario. We know that onshore business continuity and planning for it is one of our duties. Throughout the crisis, we have managed to very quickly adapt to unforeseen circumstances and keep our activities up and running. The situation is rapidly evolving. You're right, these days, especially in Europe, especially in France. We have a crisis management playbook with responses to each stage of this crisis and to the different scenarios and to the different measures. It notably includes adapted governance with quick decision making processes, best practice that we have learned sharing across countries, launch of new dedicated services for customers, notably elderly people or medical staff. Of course, increase of our e commerce capabilities. Since this summer, we have not stopped to increase the e commerce capabilities in order to be ready for a pathetic new rush. Reinforcements of logistics plans to support the food supply chain and, of course, measures of protections of our teams, of our customers. I've spoken about the audit, about the certification, and that's our key priority. So we are fully ready to the different scenarios in all our countries. Carrefour has managed to continue ensuring its duty as a provider of food for the population. Despite the situation, we are ready for the new moment in which we enter with much experience, with a good level of preparations, with a good level of anticipation, with a good level of best practices that we have learned from this from the crisis. On the second one, we have two stores with Darti. As you probably remember, there has been a decision has been a decision from the antitrust authority. We continue to develop these two stores. We learn a certain number of interesting things on that. But you probably understand that it's not our key priority for the moment to develop new stores. Think we have time for two more questions. Thank you, sir. Next question is from Mr. Nicolas Champ from Barclays. Sir, go ahead. Good morning, everyone. I'll start taking my question. Actually, wanted to come back on the performance in Q3. Could you please elaborate a bit more regarding the performance during the quarter? Have you seen a quite linear performance or an acceleration? Maybe as you talk about the slowdown, I mean, based on performance. The second question is about speaking, could you give us more color regarding the start of Q4 performance in October, especially in France, but also in other countries? You see a continuation of solid third quarter trend? Thank you, Nicolas. The line was pretty bad, but I think I got pretty much your questions. First one, I think, on the base throughout the I mean, in Q3. Well, I think we've had solid, solid trends in all geographies and through the quarter. I think all markets have benefited from the out of home to home consumption switch. So it's a steady movement. And then I think that our performance and relative other performance versus competitors has also been quite steady through the quarters. We have in some geographies, which were or some formats, which were particularly exposed to tourism. We have seen weaker August, I would say, but once the peak touristic season was finished, we got back to the previous trend. So that's the dynamic. Then for Q4, Nothing very specific in October. And then we need to see it's obviously too early to talk about Q4. Thank you, sir. Next question is from Mr. Sreedhar Mahamkavi from UBS. Please go ahead. Yes. Good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. Two quick ones, please. First one, can I come back to non resale activities and the impact from those? In the first half, I think we've had $70,000,000 impact in France, out of which about $25,000,000 was from the bank. I think we had another 20,000,000 to $25,000,000 in Spain also from the bank. Now just for clarity, are you suggesting that level of magnitude is still sounds about right to think about for the second half, please? And specifically, have you taken any further provisions in bank in either France or Spain in Q3? I'm sure we'll know in Brazil in a few weeks anyway. So that's the first question. And second one, briefly, are you able to talk about channel performance by format in Italy? To give a little bit more color there, that will be helpful. Thank you. Thank you, Shreedhar. Well, obviously, early to comment very specifically on H2 and full year performance in the Financial Services. But so we'll see we're working on that ahead of our full year closing. I think that we again, we had several aspects in H1. And I think in terms of dynamics, I expect them to be still present in H2. That includes pressure on the net banking income. As you know, we had a decrease in card production during the lockdown. We've also seen a decrease in the use of the cards, notably the off Us spendings, and we had shorter term loans. We've also tacked in, and that has continued in H2, the conditions for granting credit. And in terms of cost of risk, the IFRS nine accounting standards provide that once a year, we fully update our model. There has been so that also provides for a forward looking approach. So we'll have to reflect for the current sanitary and economic situation. I'm not worried about the quality of the portfolio. The profile that we see today is very consistent with what we saw in previous crisis, but there will be some technical effect as part of the IFRS nine accounting in H2. And so that's for the Financial Services. And I think this trend applies to most geographies. Geographies. On your second question, you're right on the commercial performance in Italy in Q3 is disappointing. We have suffered from our exposure to tourist areas where traffic has slowed down significantly this summer. We're indeed particularly present in cities such as Grand Milon, Florence as well as in Lombardy and Tuscan regions. In addition, the prices exist our dates, our lag in customer satisfaction. It's the only countries like that, but in Italy, it is the case. That's why I decided to to appoint Christophe Fabatella, who started on September 1. He's a young manager, more than fifteen years experience of Carrefour, very complementary position. He has a successful track record. He's upset, like many of our managers today, by the priorities, that's the customer satisfaction by the NPS methods. He's aware on the that his role is to change the customer centric ity and to improve the operational excellence. He will build on the foundations led by Gerard Lavigne with the objective to improve commercial momentum in Italy, where there's room for improvement. We are absolutely aware of that, and that's the word I give him when he was nominated. Thank you very much for this discussion. Keep safe. Talk to you very, very soon. Thank you very much. Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes the conference call. Thank you all for your participation. You may now disconnect.