Welcome to our 2022 Results Presentation. On the agenda today, we will start with the 2022 key highlights. Olivier will present in more details our 2022 results. Finally, we will communicate the 2023 guidance and our key takeaways. We will start with an short video which is summarizing the key elements of 2022.
In 2022, a new automotive leader was born, FORVIA, the world's seventh-largest automotive supplier. A year where we showed the combined innovation strength of Faurecia and HELLA for customers across Europe, Asia, and the U.S., and unveiled our POWER25 plan for profitable and sustainable growth, cash generation, and deleveraging. Successfully refinancing our acquisition of HELLA and delivering significant synergies while navigating an uncertain environment with the war in Ukraine, inflation, and a sharp increase in energy prices. We're a technology player with a future-facing, diversified, and balanced portfolio. We address the fastest-growing industry trends, electrification and energy management, safe and automated driving, digital and sustainable cockpit experiences.
Winning in 2022 high-value contracts with customers in all geographies. Increasing our technology contribution to electric and hydrogen vehicles, premium, SUV, and light trucks, and growing our Electronics and software activity. Innovating for customers, consumers, and the planet too. The first automotive company to have a net-zero target validated by SBTi. Generating green power at our own sites. Pioneering new sustainable materials. Continuing to transform and improve all dimensions of our activity. Attracting new talents, fostering diverse and inclusive teams, all while giving back to local communities, especially in times of crisis. Celebrating our growth and our history.
In 2022, this has been how teams at FORVIA pioneered technology for mobility experiences that matter to people. Inspiring mobility for all, FORVIA.
Our key highlights. The keywords for 2022: growth, resilience, cash generation, and deleveraging. The step change in size first, we achieved EUR 25.5 billion of sales, which means +63% versus 2021. On an organic basis, +17%, and if I exclude the inflation, we are more, we are above 10%. Resilient operating margin with an H2 operating margin of 5% and 4.4% for the full-year above EUR 1.1 billion. Strong net cash flow at EUR 471 million for 2022, representing 1.9% of our sales. With a deleveraging performance, we went down from 3.1x net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio at June 30th, 2022 to 2.6x at December 31st, 2022.
A word about the EBITDA, we were at 12.2% in the second half of H2, above EUR 3 billion for the full-year at 11.8%. Performance on our three priorities, which are deleveraging of the company, HELLA integration, and sustainable growth. Deleveraging. We have fulfilled our disposal target of EUR 1 billion for 2023. We, you know, communicated to the market that we are looking for signatures closings in the first half in order to achieve the cash in the second half. We are on our way to achieve this. Another highlight is that we have fully refinanced the acquisition of HELLA.
We paid back the bridge to bond and the bridge to equity in February of this year. HELLA integration is working well to the extent that we have increased our cost synergy target and also our sales synergy target. This is related to the common order intake we achieved in 2022 of EUR 1.8 billion. Sustainable growth, we showed resilience again, financial resilience. We enjoyed a very strong order intake in 2022, with EUR 31 billion of sales, and an operating margin which is in record for us above 7%, and which will contribute to our 2025 targets.
We continued to work on our sustainability roadmap, I will tell you a few additional words on this. We also created MATERI'ACT at the end of last year. Deleveraging the company. In July 2022, we announced that we have sold our 1/3 stake in HBPO to Plastic Omnium for EUR 290 million. This deal was closed in December 2022, and the cash was received. In December 2022, we announced of the sales of Faurecia's Interior business in India to TAFE Tractors & Farm Equipment Ltd. We also announced an exclusive negotiation with Stellantis about an stake in Symbio, with a closing expected in H1 2023. In the signed term sheet at the time, we defined the percentage and the valuation.
In February 2023, we announced an exclusive negotiation for the potential of sales to Cummins of Faurecia's commercial vehicle exhaust aftertreatment for Europe and in the United States. This for an enterprise value of EUR 150 million. Finally, yesterday, we announced that Motherson Group has committed to acquire 100% of “SAS” Cockpit Modules for an enterprise value of EUR 540 million. These contemplated transactions announced to date fulfill the EUR 1 billion of a disposal program of non-strategic assets by the end of 2023. About the integration. I think, let me start with the mission statement. We pioneer technology for mobility experiences that matter to people, and that matter to people is really the key element of this mission.
This is what we are doing together with HELLA. Commercially, we have a combined go-to-market with a very positive feedback from what we demonstrated at the CES, and which we will again demonstrate in Shanghai in April. The order intake, I just mentioned it. We made in common for about EUR 1.8 billion in 2022, and I will tell you what it means. From a process cost optimization, we are working together on the FORVIA Excellence Systems. This is related to manufacturing. We are focusing on standardization, massification, specialization of our plans, and it's working with an excellent momentum. We deployed a joint purchasing commodity strategy, and we will go one step further. We did it also on our IT organizations.
Finally, on the Electronic side, the collaboration is strengthening, and we have now a very clear understanding of our future portfolio. People, we celebrated together the first anniversary of FORVIA, the 7th of February. It was a nice event. We have common ESG targets, and you know, I will also tell you a few words about this. We have enhanced opportunities across the group to further improve our collective efficiency and effectiveness. This, you know, quite naturally pushed us to revise and to upgrade our synergies. The cost synergies on one side with more than EUR 300 million now in 2025 EBITDA run rate versus more than EUR 250 million was our previous objectives.
What I wanted to say here is that we have a very robust governance and tracking system for these cost synergies. We also have a target which we are confirming for 2023, which is that we will have in the P&L more than 40% of these global amounts. Revenue synergies, more than EUR 400 million annual sales in 2025. The EUR 1.8 billion I just spoke about, it would represent about EUR 300 million of revenues in 2025, and more than EUR 400 million revenues in 2026. Here we have, again, a very strong pipeline of opportunities, and we have a very robust outlook beyond 2025.
I would like now to give you an overlook of our EUR 31 billion of order intake, and you know, how we believe we are mitigating the risks with, on one hand, our six business groups, the geographies, and the segmentation, the customer portfolio and the segmentation. Here you have, you know, the part which is related to Electronics of our global sales, EUR 8.4 billion representing 27%. China, EUR 6.2 billion representing 20%. Electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles representing EUR 13.3 billion and 43%. Maybe on ICE, if I take this to complement it, we have a market share, a global market share of 26%.
On the longevity project, so it's, you know, related to the engines the customers have selected to run until they will exit ICEs, our market share is at 40%. Our strategy is very clearly to focus on passenger vehicles and light commercial vehicles and not on, no more on, heavier mobility devices. On premium and SUVs, where you have a very high content per vehicle, we achieved EUR 18.8 billion, 61% of the global sales. We also did it with a selective order intake process, we were able to reduce the upfront significantly, and we achieved an operating margin above 7%, which is already reaching the POWER25 targeted profitability.
In the future, we will present our revenues within three zones, EMEA, Americas, and Asia. You see here in 2022, we made 45% of our sales in EMEA, sorry, 28 % in Americas, and 27% in Asia, which is a pretty well-balanced geography. Now when we look at our six core businesses, and more importantly, our customer portfolio during the CMD, we told you that our target is not to have any OEM above 20% of the group sales. We are here at 18%. Now if I exclude “SAS”, we would be with Volkswagen closer to 16%, which would also be the percentage for Clean Mobility, where we will go down from 19 % to about 16% excluding CVI.
A short focus on China. In China, between 2021 and 2022, we multiplied our sales by 1.7 x. Have a look on the organic part, which is at +21.6%. I think it's an impressive figure. We have achieved in 2022 EUR 5.4 billion of sales. When we look at the split of these sales between the Chinese OEMs and the non-Chinese OEMs, we are growing faster with the Chinese OEMs 2.1x between the two years versus 1.6x for the non-Chinese. In the non-Chinese, you have an American EV specialist, which, you know, had a very strong growth, which would again, you know, change a little bit the figures. They have grown by 2.6x during the year 2022 versus 2021.
I think that this is an important point as we want to be a key partner of the next export specialists. The other thing I would like also here to add is BYD. We are a very big supplier of BYD, which we believe will be one of the exports champions. We grown with them by 3 x. Driving more and sustainable future. Maybe I will just spend a little bit of time on three of these four items. The first one is that we were the first automotive company being approved by SBTi for a net zero target in 2045. We are still, I think, the only automotive company having achieved this result.
On net zero, maybe one element which is very concrete for Scope 1 and 2 versus our reference year 2019, in 2022, we reduced by 32% the tons of CO2 per EUR 1 million of sales, which is giving us, you know, again, an advance versus our targets of about one year. Our target for 2023 will be 40%, -40%. We are also perfectly aligned with the Scope 3 in the CES, during the CES, and next in Shanghai, we will demonstrate how through new architectures, through new modularity, through circular economy and MATERI'ACT, we will be able to achieve our Scope 3 2030 target of -45%. MATERI'ACT, very important. MATERI'ACT will develop our new materials.
It has attracted a lot of attention of our customers. The target we have here, more than 400 people in 2025 and EUR 2 billion in 2030. I do believe that we will have to accelerate. We will achieve 120 people at the end of this year. 20% PhDs. We will be located in the Rhône-Alpes region, and we have the target to have a run rate until the end of the year of 25 kt of compounds. You know, it's something which is not just an starting a new company. It's something which has already sales and which will, I think accelerate quickly. Olivier, the results.
Patrick, thank you. Good morning, everyone. Let me start with the production volume, the environment. As we all know, 2022 has been still a year of turbulence, in particular in H1. War in Ukraine, lockdowns in China. What is interesting in the evolution is that, in fact, the second half has shown a positive evolution in this matter. The amount of shortages is less prevalent. The change of China COVID policy had limited disruption compared to what we would fear. Third, the case of energy disruption for the winter in Europe is now something that is behind us. The 15% in the second half is an encouraging sign, leading to 82 million cars and 7% for the year.
How, how did we fare inside this context? As Patrick mentioned, a clear change in size, the acquisition of HELLA, with a consolidation from February 1st, +63% year-on-year, EUR 25.5 billion of sales on the high side of our guidance mentioned to you recently. Even more important, the outperformance of 11% organic growth, 17% market, at 6.7%, organic growth of 11%. This organic growth includes inflation, but you have at volume content around 5% of true outperformance. On the profitability, resilience of profitability for the year, 4.4%. Clearly, with a better second half as we committed, we were at 3.7% in H1. We are at 5% in H2.
You see that inside this bridge, the negative elements were in Ukraine. Stop and go as a consequence were largely driven by H1. The inflation, I will comment further, but we have clearly progressed on the recuperation and the pass-through of the inflation during the year. Michigan, I will comment in more details when I drill on seating. Of course, the cost of the Michigan extra program, extra costs have been lower than the year before. How did we fare on inflation? Inflation has represented more than EUR 1 billion of additional cost, EUR 1.1 billion, mainly in raw materials.
Much limited in energy, thanks to the hedging policies that we have put in place as regularly on a forward 12–18 months basis, and labor inflation in which we have been able to do that in a limited manner. We are putting we have activated the contractual mechanism that we have in place. We have put in place a steering committee to monitor and enforce the pass-throughs throughout the company. This has led, in fact, to a recovery over the year, improving and more recurring and leading to a pass-through of EUR 1 billion, which is representing a cumulative inflation pass-through of more than 85% at the end of 2022.
This, however, of course, given the impact on additional revenue and the still around, EUR 100 million negative operating margin, represent a dilution effect compared to pre-inflation situation of 1.2%. In a way, you could look at the 4.4% that we had in 2022 at the 5.6% pre, inflation.
If I go business group by business group, let me start by seating. Seating, first of all, update on the Michigan program. We had still costs inside this program in the second half, less with the actions being taken. The costs are mainly related now to the lack of volume and the cost of operation we have versus the volume actually done. We have taken two actions. The first one is that the metal activity is now transferred in full to Monterrey in Mexico. The second part is that we are working with Stellantis on dealing and fixing the Jeep activity, which will be effective in full accordance with our customer by Q3 2023.
Now, if I exclude the effect of the Michigan program, you see that in the second half, we reach a 4% operating margin for a year of 3.6%. We are getting better. We are reducing the impact of the stop-and-go. We are better flexing, but clearly we have still some work to do, in particular in Europe. I would like to however mention on volume, we have in seating strong growth in volume. This is what Patrick was mentioning before in terms, in particular in China, BYD, and with a U.S. EV car maker, which is present in China.
If I move to Interior, we have solid organic growth of 17%. We are getting to EUR 5.5 billion of revenues. Let me highlight that Interiors include our “SAS” activity, and “SAS” represents EUR 900 million inside this EUR 5.5 billion in terms of sales. On profitability, we have improved here as well the profitability between an H1 and H2. We are getting to 5.2% in H2, and you see that this business group has improved results compared to 2021, which is reflecting repricing in some contracts in North America, a better operational performance, even in the context of stop-and-go uncertainty and inflation.
A positive trend that will continue for the Interior on the part that is the dominant part, which is the part non-“SAS”. Moving to Clean Mobility. Clean Mobility, EUR 4.7 billion of revenues, organic growth double digits. This EUR 4.7 billion, if you exclude the activities that we are selling to Cummins, on the pro forma basis, you are getting to EUR 4.3 billion, which reflects, in fact, the further reduction of our dependency on the ecosystem, getting to 16% compared to the 19 % on the pro forma basis. On the profitability side, we are at 7.1%. Here as well, we have improved in the second half compared to H1.
We have, however, dilution effect, in particular coming from the metal, which has been really the raw material increasing the most. We have also, some operational topics that we are dealing with, and we add a bit of investment on the zero emission. Clearly, the expectation in 2023 is to return to the level of 2021. In terms of profitabiliyy, above 9% on the road back to double digits. Clean Mobility, as Patrick, you are rightly mentioning, so Clean Mobility, Clean Mobility is obviously our first cash cow. I have to say that the performance again in 2022 of Clean Mobility in this domain has been very solid and very strong.
The rationale are simple. The activity is simplified. Standardization of our activity.
Reduction of the number of engines means the reduction of the number of variants of exhaust system, allowing a strong conversion in cash. In fact, the conversion in cash has been largely above the level of operating income, more in line with the EBITDA that you can imagine on Clean Mobility. A good trend, and this is confirming what we are expecting from this activity. On Electronics, of course, is an activity that is completely changing shape with the HELLA integration. The activity is multiplied by four. Electronics from HELLA is providing a larger portfolio of activities, a technological content, which is very strong in a number of activities.
And we are now having 14% of our revenues in Electronic. To highlight the potential of growth of Electronics, I would like to mention that Patrick showed that 27% of our orders are in Electronics. You see, in fact, the momentum that we have in this activity. From an operating profit point of view, we are at 4% overall with a contrasting situation. HELLA Electronics, excluding a specific accounting factor on the opening balance sheet, with the acquisition of HELLA, 6.7%. 6.7% in Electronics with the context of semiconductors, shortages, and inflation is a good performance. We will continue to work in this direction.
On the Faurecia Electronic side, we record, unfortunately, a loss of -1%, which is coming from H1, break even in H2. The volume of activity below EUR 1 billion is not a level that is matching the cost structure. [inaudible] Also, in some of the countries, in particular in China, we have, in fact, variations in demand and supply from the semiconductor side that has been quite important. In terms of fixing this activity, we have, in 2023, we will have up and running our modern plan, our Phoenix program with the modern plant in China that will obviously improve the profitability and the volume coming from on the back of the strong orders that we received in the past years, including joint orders that were mentioned by Patrick in the EUR 1.8 billion overall.
On Lighting. Lighting is one of the activities coming from the HELLA integration. This is with an activity of EUR 3 billion on 11 months, so close to EUR 3.5 billion on a 12 months, on a 12-months basis. This activity is sustained by the connection with Electronics. You see the innovation that are coming in those domains, the fact that we have the Electronics with the HELLA activity is, of course, an advantage even more important in the evolution of this market. From a profitability standpoint, we are at 2.2% in excluding a specific.
The mirror accounting effect that I mentioned on Electronics, which is in fact with 3.2% in the second half. We are improving the profitability of Lighting, in fact, on a going basis, in line with what we presented to you during the Investor Day. Finally, the sixth activity, Lifecycle Solutions. This is our activities in both B2C and special application, an activity of around EUR 1 billion on a 12-months basis. The activity is currently at 10% profitability. Price increases have been put in place during the year with some delay compared to the evolution inflation.
We believe that clearly we confirm, in fact, the potential of this activity in the 11%-12% range on a going-forward basis and is quite sustainable compared to production activity. If I switch to regions, so here you see, in fact, the picture of the different regions in which we are operating. Let me highlight, first of all, that 2022 has shown, in fact, further relative growth in both Americas and Asia. We have grown both on an organic basis or on a reported basis, more in those regions than in Europe, totally consistent with the message of internationalization and balancing that we have, +67% in Americas, +63% in Asia.
All regions have fostered double digit organic growth. If I look at profitability, the profitability, first of all, of Asia, so Asia, we were double digit in H1, and we are double digit for the year. I wanted to highlight H1 because this has been done in the context of the very severe lockdown that you remember in China. It means the quality and the resilience of our organizations and teams in the country in a very particular context. It showed the potential going forward of this activity on top with the growth with EV players and the development of export business from China by the Chinese OEMs.
Europe, Americas, we have improved the profitability between H1 and H2 in North America on the back of a positive evolution of Michigan and elsewhere. However, it's clear that the profitability that we have in those regions are far from their potential. Flexibilization of the cost, fixed cost reduction in Europe, and pass-through, being more consistent. This is clearly the focus of the teams, and this is what's shown also in some of the activities, for instance, seating. Now, if I look at the details of the P&L, first of all, the operating margin.
On the operating margin, clearly the profile of our P&L has changed with the HELLA acquisition. The gross margin is up even with the dilution of inflation. Why? Because of the margin, and in fact, the level of technological content of the HELLA activities, in particular in Electronics. The second point I would like to mention is we are a technological company, and our R&D expense is proving it. More than EUR 2 billion of gross expense, for this new company, which is showing the strengths and the potential in terms of technological development and innovation.
The third , is you see that in fact, in terms of SG&A, and even in terms of the absolute R&D, the potential in synergies and the potential in fixed cost reduction that we are working on consistently with the message passed earlier on. 4.4% for the year, 5% in the second half. Now if I go to the net income, we register a loss of EUR 382 million for the year. The vast majority of this is coming from the first half. Let me highlight the cause of this result. Inside this net loss, we have EUR 321 million of non-recurring charges.
The first one is that we have decided to fully disengage from Russia, and we have taken in our books the consequence of it with a charge for the year of EUR 143 million. The second is that, of course, the first year of operation, you have integration and financial costs related to the acquisition of HELLA for EUR 51 million. The third is that we have one-off restructuring cost of EUR 86 million. This is related to the Michigan program, related to the transfer of the activity of the metal to Monterrey and related to what we are doing to fix the Jeep activity in collaboration with Stellantis.
Last, we had a level of hyperinflation cost particularly abnormal. On a more recurrent basis, we have, in fact, a result that is close to breakeven. Now I would like to comment on the income tax charge, which is obviously a question that people should have. We have an income tax level which is related to two things. Number one, our regional profit mix is in balance currently. It's caused by the low profitability in Europe and in North America, and in particular in terms of tax in Europe, because we have tax losses of EUR 700 million in France that are not used.
The second element driven, driving the level of tax is actually that in our charges, in restructuring, and in other non-recurring, we have a lot of write-off of assets. The good news about write-off of assets, it's not future cash outflows, but the negative is that it's not deductible. Going forward, we expect, in fact, a progressive normalization of the tax profile, but clearly the level we have is particular in 2022. Last element to highlight on this result is that, of course, our minority interest is increasing compared to 2021. This is logical. This is related to the fact that we have 82% of HELLA, and HELLA is profitable, and this is good news.
Now if I move to the cash flow. cash flow EUR 471 million in 2022, mainly in the second half. We have, in fact, clearly the positive element driving this performance is coming from the working capital, is coming from the first effect of our Manage by Cash program, is coming from the fact that we have collected well from customers, and the first element of actions on inventories. We still have some work to do. The CapEx level, as you see, is with potential of improvement, and on the working capital, there is further improvements on inventories that can be done.
On the financial expense, of course, an increase year-on-year, which is reflecting the acquisition of HELLA, and we can expect the level of financial expense to get to EUR 450 million in 2023 with the evolution of interest rates and then going down afterwards. Deleveraging, as Patrick mentioned at the start of this presentation, significant reduction of our ratio and our debt in six months from 3.1 x to 2.6 x. You remember that the objective is to get to 1.5x. We have done 30% of the objective in the first six months. Net debt below EUR 8 billion , at EUR 7.9 billion at the end of December.
We have confirmed, the Board of Directors has confirmed, their proposition for no dividend to be paid on the results of 2022, so in et one 2023, consistent with the priority of deleveraging. Let me add that consistently with what we said during Investor Day, we intend to resume our 40% dividend policy on the net cash flow from the results of 2023 with effect in cash in 2024. Available cash as a consequence, EUR 4.2 billion. We have also, of course, our SCF lines in Faurecia and in HELLA fully undrawn for a total of EUR 2 billion.
You see in this pro forma debt maturity post full reimbursement of the financing bridge on February 2nd that we have limited debt, of course, to repay in 2023 and a total of EUR 2.7 billion, if I take the next three years. Of course, now that we have clarity on our disposal program, and we have secured that the timing of the cash-in will be in 2023, we will work in a more active manner on the, in fact, debt evolution, working on financial expense, going forward.
Thank you. Thank you, Olivier. The 2023 guidance now, starting with our assumptions. We have chosen to be prudent at the beginning of the year and to keep the EUR 82 million which were achieved in 2022 for 2023. When you look on the right-hand side of this slide, you see that we are close to the 2022 figures, slightly above in Europe at the level of S&P in America, and we are significantly below in Asia. If, you know, from what we know today, we should consider an opportunity, it would be in Asia. In Asia, where you know it, our margins are the highest.
We will continue to actively work on inflation and especially the accumulated inflation since 2021. We expect the market— the following market evolution. On the raw materials, we have pluses and minuses. On energy, clearly, we will have an inflation. We will have to pay more, which is also the case of labor inflation. We estimate that the additional inflation we will have to face in 2023 is at a level of about EUR 400 million. We benchmark with automotive industries to just make sure that we deal with it at the right level. Considering this time energy and labor, we don't think reasonable to take as an assumption that we will get compensated for 100%.
This is why we are guiding at above 90% of compensation, which will be supported by some of the raw materials, which prices are going down. The guidance. On the sales side, after disposal, with an estimated -EUR 1.3 billion, our sales should be between EUR 25.2 billion and EUR 26.2 billion. Our expected outperformance on sales should be between 500 basis points and 800 basis points. Operating margin between 5% and 6% of sales. Net cash flow strictly above 1.5% of sales. Net debt to adjusted EBITDA at December 31st, 2023, between 2x and 2.4 x.
We are still on track on 2025 on our financial targets, which are sales at circa EUR 30 billion and an operating margin above 7% and net cash flow at 4% of sales, and a net debt to adjusted EBITDA below 1.5x at December 31st, 2025. The takeaways. You know, three priorities, I've started with them, I conclude with them. Deleveraging the company as quickly as possible, pursue the positive integration of HELLA, and grow on a sustainable way, profitable of course, but it's part of sustainability. We will do this leveraging POWER25 and Being Faurecia, you know, the two ones we have announced and launched during the CMD of last year. With this, we are concluding the presentation, and we are opening the Q&A session. Microphones.
Thank you. Pierre-Yves Quemener with Stifel. I would have two questions. stick with two questions. The first one is on the free cash flow. Obviously, the core free cash flow, you are looking for a strict 1.5%+ free cash flow margin in 2023, after 1.9% in 2022 and 2% in 2021. Why would free cash flow margin weaken since EBITDA recovers? Is it because of lower working cap tailwind? Is it because you are stepping up spending? That will be the first one. The second one is, at least from my perspective, you unexpectedly sales or announced the disposal of “SAS” Automotive yesterday, 50% of which had been repurchased to Conti three years ago.
At that point in time, it seemed, let's say, core, to your Interior business. What has changed in three years? What is the profitability of that business, if you can give us some color? The obvious follow-up would be on the special apps from HELLA. Is it still a disposal candidates, or are you eventually decided to. That's core to your portfolio of business given the high profitability? Thank you.
You start with the first one, Olivier. I'll take the two next ones.
As you mentioned, the last two years, Faurecia standalone 2% in free cash, net cash flow in 2021, 1.9% in 2022. We are targeting at least 1.5 % in 2023. First of all, it's at least 1.5%. I think we are proving recently that sometimes we do better than what we say. The second element is that I have to take into account of the increase of financial expenses, obviously. When you look at the different components, I'm expecting between EUR 200 million-EUR 300 million of positive contribution from working capital in 2023. Slightly less than in 2022.
I believe that the potential is there. Inventories, we are starting the job. The second element is that with reduction of shortages, with reduction of stop-and-go, you are in a better place to manage your inventories in a more consistent manner.
Maybe to complement the answer, we started Manage by Cash last year at the beginning of the second half, and it showed some interesting results. The focus of the company on the cash generation is completely different. Yeah? We have in each of our business group now somebody who is directly dedicated in charge of Manage by Cash. Yeah. Believe me, the deleveraging of the company is our first priority, and the cash generation is clearly one of our key targets. About “SAS”, we bought a 50% of “SAS” owned by Conti for EUR 230 million. EUR 200?
EUR 225 million.
EUR 225 million, sorry, three years ago. Three years ago, the world was very different, and especially the inflation part was very different. This module assembly is has a very high content. It's, you know, the main part of the activity of added value. These plants are not in low-cost countries. They are where the customer plants are. It's just-in-time activity. For all these reasons, we believe today that this activity is not a core activity to us. By the way, compared to, you know, the shares we bought, but also compared to the initial investment, we created value through this deal. SOE was the next question.
We, you know, communicated to the market. When I say we, HELLA communicated to the market, that an investigation is still ongoing. It's true, it's still ongoing.
Thank you. Thomas Besson, three questions, please. First on free cash flow, could you just give us an indication on where you see CapEx in absolute terms and percentage in 2023, 2024? I mean, with your production assumptions flat, you probably don't need to increase CapEx a lot. The EUR 200 million-EUR 300 million working cap assumption looks both cautious and optimistic. I don't know how to say that. You have a much higher share of Chinese automakers that typically pay you much later. Can you just explain regionally how that works with your typically European business, easier on working cap? Second question, on inflation.
You aim to get 90% back, if I understood correctly, but that seems to assume that you keep lower raw material prices to yourself. Do you think you can do that with more indexation with the automakers, or they are going to come back to you quicker than they were reimbursing you before? Lastly, on M&A, I mean, so we understand it, you could go beyond the EUR 1 billion disposals, as these talks are still ongoing for some of your businesses. If you do go beyond that, is there any plan to redeploy some of that excess cash, for instance, to buy the minorities of HELLA? Or is it something that is still way beyond the current investment horizon? Thank you.
Same thing, you take the first one, I take the next two.
Free cash flow. First of all, on CapEx, I'm expecting the CapEx in absolute term to be flat in 2023, in 2023 and perhaps a bit down in 2024. The rationale is, first of all, you have one more month of HELLA. Second is, we are continuing to investing in some of the business clearly on the back of the strong order intake. I think it's a logical number with much less CapEx in certain activities, Clean Mobility to take an example, but rebalancing between portfolio to monitor the growth. Related to working capital, actually, China net net has a good working capital and the conversion in cash that we have in China is quite good.
The fact that China would be the opportunity for growth compared to what we have should be a positive, if anything, on the working capital. The main driver overall is inventory management. Our level of inventory in some of the business has increased by 30% compared to pre-COVID. This is about going back to a more regular monitoring, which with the, let's say, the reduction of shortages with more visibility, including of supply chain logistics from China, which is , in fact , the factory of the world. Beyond the car industry, that should help, plus the measures that we are taking as part of the Manage by Cash program.
CapEx, when you look at Clean Mobility, we should have by far less CapEx in the years to come with the longevity projects. Yeah. Very little investment in R&D and in CapEx. When you consider Lighting, which, you know, had a significant CapEx spend, also because of the life cycle, which was pretty short of 3.5 years, considering, you know, the upgrades of the vehicles. Here, we have two things. First of all, these model year changes are getting less and less numerous. Secondly, what we are doing on the standards is also very much supporting on reduction.
This is happening, you know, what we are doing here is happening in all the business groups through the excellence systems we put in place. Inflation, you spoke about, you know, the target to pass 90% of this inflation. You said, you know, if raw materials, if these prices will go down, what will happen? It depends really customer by customer and how we are dealing with the other inflations, labor inflations and energy inflations. It's clear that we need to consider a global equation to make sure that we have a robust and sustainable model for the years to come.
We know that we will not be able to get a compensation for an inflation on labor, for example, which was not compensated before. I think that you have, in brackets, a normal inflation, and you have an additional inflation. When we are speaking about compensations, we are speaking about this. Same thing for energy costs. Yeah. We have the run rate, if I may say so, energy costs, and we have the abnormal energy costs, and we have to deal with that. Also very clearly, we have to work with our customers to reduce the costs. I see a lot of possibilities if we work together to make this happen.
You know, all the product groups we have within FORVIA are able to develop from award to SOP their products in 20 months. Yeah. Today, our customers, most of them are doing it still in 36 months. It would mean a very, very significant saving if we would be able to convince them to consider a different timing plan. About M&A, I said it before, our priority is deleveraging the company. All the synergies we have identified, and we have increased our targets, we can execute them within the existing governance and structure. We do not have in our targets to buy these minorities before the deleveraging of the company might allow it.
Hi, Michael Foundoukidis from ODDO BHF. Maybe a quick follow-up on inflation and coming back to the 90% that you're targeting, should we expect, like in 2022, a gradual improvement throughout the year, with H2 being better than H1 on this side? Maybe more generally on the margin side, should we expect margin to improve sequentially again, and also linked to Michigan between H1 and H2 this year? Maybe on volumes and your guidance, what should we think of your guidance if volumes prove to be closer to S&P assumptions, which is between 3%-4%, should we assume the typical 12%-15% operating leverage that you usually have, especially with China being the source of upside, as you rightly mentioned? Thank you.
We expect effectively H2 to be better than H1. In H1, we will have an first quarter, especially in Asia, penalized by the remaining COVID contamination period and also, you know, related to as usual, the Chinese New Year. The volumes are below the volumes we had in the first quarter of last year, even if it's very difficult to compare because it was in January this time, the Chinese New Year, so we have seven working days less in January. Yes, about the inflation, you know, we are discussing these inflation with our customers since last year.
We have started discussions about energy, about labor, and I hope that we will be able to achieve to close these negotiations very quickly. The volumes I spoke about in Asia might really materialize in the second half, which again would improve, as you rightly said, with higher margins our global results. About our volume assumption, you know, what we said is one billion, sorry, one million vehicles are equal circa EUR 300 million and with an EBIT and operating margin fall through of 12%. Any other question?
Nothing.
The question we have here from Martino De Ambroggi i, what are full-year sales? In the press release, you mentioned EUR 1.3 billion full-year 2023, but it seems to be pro quota and margin, EBITDA and EBIT, of all the divested assets.
Yes, Martino. Indeed, what we are mentioning, EUR 1.3 is the impact in terms of sales for the year, taking into account that “SAS”, we will apply the IFRS 5 accounting rule, which means that it will be retroactive January 1st. It's the full-year of “SAS”. And for the activity that we are selling to Cummins, in fact, we have assumed half a year, taking into account the timing of antitrust and so on. EUR 1.3 billion is the impact that is anticipated on a full-year basis to so that you can project what it means the future is EUR 1.5 for the two businesses.
The second point is that it means that our guidance for 2023 represents, in fact, an organic growth between 5% and 8% or an outperformance between 5% and 8%, since we anticipate a flat market of 82 million vehicles. Now related to EBITDA and EBIT, I can say that the two businesses on an aggregate basis is slightly above the average that we have currently. Our commitments and all our guidance are taking into account, in fact, the impact of this diversification.
When we say 5%-6% operating margin, when we say above 1.5% in net cash flow, this is after, in fact, those disposal. You understand that the six months of the activity sold to Cummins is not changing things even for future years.
We have a question from Mr. Besetovic. Mr. Besetovic, the line is open. Please press star 6 to activate your microphone.
Hi, thanks for taking my question. On China, I was very interested to see how well you're doing with the Chinese brand. Just wondering what is enabling this success, and why are Chinese customers or carmakers choosing to work with FORVIA? The second on Clean Mobility, there was a dilutive effect, as you grow in fuel emission solution. How should we think about this dilution in 2023 and going forward? Thank you.
China brand, what, you know, we are in China for two decades now. We have a full Chinese management. This Chinese management is very loyal to us. They are with us for most of them since and since the beginning of our journey in China. The president of FORVIA in China, Faurecia in China, is Ma Chuan. He is with us for, I think, 15 years at least. This allows us to have the right intimacy with the Chinese OEMs. When you take BYD at an early stage, we bought the in-house production of BYD for seats. This allowed us, you know, to be really very much inside the BYD organization.
We also had at an early stage, the target to better balance our sales between international OEMs and Chinese OEMs, and especially also to follow and to support the new entrants, the pure EV vehicle makers, NIO, for example, to name them, but you have many others, yeah. I think that this is working today. What is also important to them is our capacity to develop Chinese products for Chinese consumers. Yeah. We have, you know, the relevant R&D resources locally, dedicated to the Chinese market. About FCM, I haven't caught the question exactly.
I think the question was about the Clean Mobility dilution aspect of the inflation and in fact what is the path in terms of evolution of profitability.
Maybe just one thing, you know, steel and especially stainless steel is the main element of the raw materials used by Clean Mobility, and by the way, of the material content of Clean Mobility. As these materials have increased very significantly, they have a dilution, mechanical dilution effect, which is above our other activities.
This is why I was mentioning early on that with the evolution of the steel price, which is the dominant part of the inflation, clearly for Clean Mobility, we and evolution on operational aspect, as well as in fact, the sale of the commercial vehicle activity in Europe and North America, we expect to return to more 9% in 2023.
The operational issues, which you mentioned are fixed.
Our next question come from Mr. Asumendi. Mr. Asumendi, the line is open. Feel free to press star six to activate your microphone.
Thank you. It's José from JP Morgan. A few questions, please. Patrick, can you outline a little bit more the opportunities to improve the profitability in the Electronics division?
Second, can you talk about what drives the lower end and the higher end of the margin items for 2023? Three, I was thinking, if volumes don't come back to pre-crisis levels in Europe, are you reassessing your manufacturing footprint in Europe, the manufacturing floor space, and doing asset writedowns in order to improve the profitability in Europe from the current low single-digit levels to much more what we used to see from Faurecia, more of the 5%+ margin levels in the European region? Thank you.
What are the opportunities on the Electronic? What I can tell you is that the portfolio we have, HELLA has on automated driving is growing very fast. Yeah. To give you an example, the expected RFQs next year for radars are summing up to EUR 15 billion. Yeah. When you look at the X-by-wire modules, they are also increasing very quickly. Yeah. What is very important, and this is also what we are doing on the Clarion part, is to have an yearly scanning of all the product lines just to make sure that we are on the right products, perfectly aligned with the automotive mega trends. I think that on the HELLA side, it is the case.
On the client side, we have some room for improvements, this is something we will tackle now. I also believe that when you look at cockpit Electronics versus the Electronics which are proposed by HELLA are different. The content on the cockpit Electronic of software is continuously increasing. Consequently, the content of hardware in this part gets limited, yeah, and especially limited to the displays. This is something we are considering, and we are very carefully checking now what where should we invest, what are the product lines which are the most relevant in the years to come. I will jump immediately to the third question, and I will let you answer the second one. About Europe.
The growth we have in Europe, especially on Electronic and on some other elements so far, will allow us to compensate the expected reduction on Clean Mobility devices. Yeah. We should not have an issue with restructurings related to the drop of the ICE business. Why we have taken a very aggressive assumption on the ICE reduction in Europe, not waiting for 2035. This said, if the European automotive industry, OEMs, would abandon the entry segments, especially electric entry segments, this would have an impact on the global volumes being produced in Europe. If this would happen, yes, we would have to do some restructuring.
Restructuring in Europe, but investments outside of Europe, because if this would happen, it would mean more imports from China. As I said before, we are strong partners of the potential exporters from China tomorrow.
On the margin guidance driver, I hope I understood correctly the question. We are at.
You will have
We are at 4.4% in operating margin in 2022. Our guidance is 5%-6%. First of all, 5%. In fact, this is the level we already achieve in H2, so I consider that clearly as a floor. Now, if I try to say what are the key drivers, I would say 1/3 is coming from volume, so 0.4%, 0.5%. 1/3 is from performance, including Highland Park, right? 1/3 from our actions on synergies and fixed cost reduction. Each of them around 0.4%, 0.5%. Everything being equal, I, if things are going well on those three factors, we are quite selling on this guidance. And that's it for the operating margin. I was looking at the other question we have on “SAS”, but yeah.
Valerie Lefevre. Hello. Congrats, congrats for your great results. When will the “SAS” Cockpit Modules session will be closed? What impact on your revenues, EBITDA? Thank you. It should be closed at the end of the first half, as it was mentioned in the different communication. For the revenues, we spoke about that. You know, it's a full-year. In fact, revenue of EUR 1 billion we are considering here. For the EBITDA, it's inside the guidance we have made.
Maybe just to complement this, we will have to apply this accounting rule of IFRS 5 given the size of this business. That's why, regardless of the timing of closing first antitrust, we are considering the full-year impact because this is what the accounting rule is asking. I want to reaffirm that in fact this offer is binding from Motherson's side with a put option. So, it's a clear timeline.
Anna-Maria Scarsella. EUR 1 billion of asset sales. You are in negotiations for some of them. What is the probability of the failure of these negotiations? We believe that all what is related to the EUR 1 billion and which has been announced so far is pretty robust. Yeah. If it would not be the case, we would not have made this announcement. As it was discussed, we are not at the end of our disposal program. If we would have any issue, we should be able to compensate.
Frank Schwope. Which raw materials in particular explain the margin hit in Clean Mobility? It's steel and it's stainless steel, so you have two, you know, references, market references, and both were increasing. It's also true to say that it is improving in 2023, so it should fuel an improvement for Clean Mobility.
This has been the raw material by far that has increased the most in what we do.
Jim Williamson. Hi, it's Jim Williamson from CreditSights. The EUR 1 billion divestment program is now completed. Do you envision any additional disposals over 2023? You know, as I said, we want to focus on light vehicles, passenger vehicles, and light commercial vehicles. Because it's where you have the longevity projects, which are the ones in which we are mostly interested. That's one element of the, of the answer. Independently now from having achieved the EUR 1 billion, our, you know, this our deleveraging priority stays our first priority. If we would have an opportunity to divest a non-strategic entity or activity, we will certainly consider it. Christophe Boulanger. What are the factoring assumptions for 2023? Olivier.
As you have seen, we reduced the factoring in H2 2022. We are a bit below EUR 1.3 billion. EUR 1.3 billion was in fact the level that we reached when we integrated HELLA in our factoring program, and the intention is not to increase from this EUR 1.3 billion. No contribution in 2023.
Thomas Besson. Can you please clarify if you intend to perform any bond refinancing transaction this year?
Our plan is now that we have refinanced the acquisition in full, we know what is the disposal assets, and we have a clear visibility of the timing of the cash proceeds. The next step is actually in terms of financial expense and debt management. This is what we will do.
Also understanding that the liquidity we have is allowing us to be selective.
Yes.
Valérie Lefebvre, what are your targets in decreasing CapEx and inventories?
My target is decreasing CapEx, but to be conservative, I'm saying that it will be flat for 2023. Related to inventories, we have improved in the late part of last year by a bit less than one day. I believe that we have several days to gain in 2023, and the impact in cash will depend on the timing. This is clearly the focus area.
Maybe one word about upfront management and selectivity. We have set targets for each of our product lines with a minimum performance to be achieved. If this is not the case, it needs an escalation up to me to make some arbitrage. In the KPIs we are considering, you have the upfront, which is CapEx and R&D mainly. Yeah. We are very careful to make sure that we put our money on what really counts from a strategic point of view and where we believe the future growth should come from.
The upfront is our indicator to see what is the maximum cash that we will put out at the time of the start of the project before actually the start of production. As Patrick mentioned, it's CapEx, it's R&D, and these, in fact, other launch costs. Clearly, by having this indicator as a limit, it's a maximum budget that we allow ourselves. It means that we have to arbitrate between the different projects. It forces on selectivity, and it's also disciplining us in terms of the conversion in cash flow activity, in the contract signature, and in the execution.
Charis, you mentioned that you have maximum 20% of sales per OEM. Do you have a country maximum limit corresponding to this? What is very clear, when you think about the risks related to the different regions, is that you need to have a level of profitability which should be comparable, which is currently not the case when you compare Asia with Europe and North America. If the question behind this is, are you not taking too much risks in Asia? The answer is no, as long as we are capable and focused to improve the profitability in Europe and in America, which is what we have to do.
We cannot not consider the only region which will have a relative weight of more than 50% of the world production, which is growing. Yeah? It's not an handicap, it's an advantage to be strong in Asia. Again, we have to make sure that we are also profitable and good in what we are doing in the other regions.
Question per telephone.
We have one last question from Mr. Laskawi. Mr. Lascawi, the line is open. Please press star six to activate your microphone.
Hey, good morning. Thank you for taking my question. It's just one last on the order intake and the margin that you've had. Essentially above 7% is secured. Did you have a higher share of indexation in that? Could you comment on the assumptions with regards to quarter volatility, and how do you protect that 7% in various scenarios to the up and down side, especially when it comes to input costs, fluctuation? Thank you.
Thank you for your question. Yes, we are more careful on the contracts we sign with our customers, more at least than in the previous period. In the other side, you know, what we are doing is we when we are quoting, we are considering first of all, a significant discount on volumes. You know, usually around 20%, something like this, 15%-20%, depending on the OEM and the vehicle segment. The other thing is that we are considering the existing costs, which will after that be revised on a six-month basis and fully on a yearly basis.
What I can tell you is that considering that we were probably at the peak of the inflation in 2022, and that the 7%, above 7% operating margin we announced were calculated on this basis, and that we have discounted the volumes, we should not be at risk with these EUR 31 billion. It is an important comment you made about the contractualization. We have to be careful, and we have more and more to integrate these elements in our acquisitions, which is more and more accepted by our customers. Are we at the end?
Sure.
It seems to be the case. Thank you very much. Sorry. Pardon.
Albertina from Bloomberg. A few ones. The intriguing comments you made on whether you might be forced one day to make choices, difficult, tough choices on your European manufacturing footprint, depends on how low European OEMs can keep the prices. Doesn't seem to be, if I understood well, doesn't seem to be the trend. You know, the trend right now is for upward prices. You know, so how big a risk is that? Just want to come back to that. It wouldn't impact you personally though, because you have strong business in the U.S., in China. That would mean probably just diverting investments in China and enlarging the footprint there. Is that correct in terms of my understanding?
Any worries about the geopolitical risks then with China? Because that's the other question. Also, speaking of shifted investments, you know, we are trying to track European companies that are allocating more to the U.S. because of IRA. Just wondering if you had to make some tough choices there as well, and have shifted part of those investments in the U.S., or if there's anything you may do in the U.S. rather than Europe because of IRA. A bit of color on those two questions. Thank you.
My comment about the European OEMs is that they have significantly increased their prices. That's the lower segments are becoming unaffordable for a majority of people. When you think about the electrification, so the battery electric vehicles, small segments, I said it before, but I think that the gap between the Chinese and Europeans is at around EUR 10,000. For a vehicle which is at the low end in terms of pricing, it means a very significant amount. On the top of that, you have to take into account that only seven countries in Europe are producing vehicles, and that the German OEMs are making a very significant part of their margins in China or with the Chinese market.
I think that somebody recently spoke to me about what happened with the Japanese imports at the time. The Japanese imports, it was a different question because we were competing against the vehicles. We had an offer which was competing against the imports. Here, we might have imports without having a competing offer. Yeah? My fear is that I don't know exactly what will be the volumes Europe will achieve, probably something around 16 or 17 million vehicles produced in Europe. If the low segments would no more be part of the offer, yeah, then it would have an impact. This impact would, you know, be for all the chain of the automotive industry in Europe.
As a Tier 1, we would be less impacted, not to say, not impacted if you exclude, you know, this manufacturing part, because we believe to have pretty well identified which OEMs, Chinese OEMs will be these export champions. Yeah. You spoke geopolitical tensions. We have identified three geopolitical tensions. Of course, the war in Ukraine and the assumption we've made is that the war will continue with the current intensity and with conventional weapons. China/Taiwan, we believe that we could see some escalations, but nothing more than this, at least for the period of time we are considering.
We have a third one, which is Iran. Again, this might have an impact on more the energy costs and not much more than this. IRA , when I take hydrogen, for example, I see that investments made in America are very massive. I also believe that, you know, the trucks, the American trucks, and the large SUVs are a perfect use case for hydrogen. Here, Europe has to be careful not to be overtaken by America. Maybe an last point when I see import taxes on raw materials, but not on transformed raw materials, the, you know, the target is questioned, and would need to be corrected. Yeah. The last point about specifics, I do not remember what it was exactly. I don't know.
The last question. Have I answered your question?
Yes. Did you yourself make some choice of an investment you wanted to make in Europe?
No. No. No. We haven't had to make this kind of arbitrage so far.
Okay.
I don't know. It will really be relate, but not yet, not in 2023. Okay? Thank you very much for your attention. Thank you.