Earnings Call: Q2 2021

Jul 30, 2021

Welcome, everyone. Today's presentation will be hosted by Chairman, Howard Davies CEO, Alison Rose and CFO, Katie Murray. After the presentation, we will open up for questions. Good morning, and thank you for joining us today. As usual, I'll start with an update on our strategic priorities before handing over to Katie to take us through the first half results. We'll then take your questions. So starting with the headlines. We're reporting operating profit of CHF 2,500,000,000 compared to a loss of CHF 800,000,000 in the first half last year. This includes an impairment release of CHF 707,000,000 as a result of an improvement in underlying credit metrics. Most of this release was made in the Q2 when we updated our economic assumptions in light of a more favorable economic outlook. And this results in an attributable profit of CHF 1,800,000,000. We continue to make good progress against our targets. Net lending grew 2.8% on an annualized basis, driven by growth in mortgage lending. We reduced costs by 5.9% year on year. Though naturally, our progress here will not be linear, and we continue to target a reduction rate of about 4% per annum over the next 3 years. As you know, this is a capital generative business, and we're reporting a CET1 ratio of 18.2%. This capital strength has enabled us to announce an interim dividend of 3p today And to increase the minimum annual distribution over the next 3 years from £800,000,000 to £1,000,000,000 We're also announcing an initial on market share buyback of up to CHF 750,000,000 in addition to the CHF 1,100,000,000 directed buyback of almost 5% of our share capital from the government earlier this year. This brings total distributions for 2021 to about GBP 2,900,000,000 And you will have also seen the announcement last week that the government intends to sell part of their shareholding over the 12 months from August onwards. So those are the headlines, and I'll now move on to our strategic priorities on Slide 4. Against the background of an ongoing pandemic, placing purpose at the heart of our business with our commitment to helping people, families and businesses to thrive remains of paramount importance. We continue to execute on our strategic priorities, invest for growth and accelerate our digital transformation in order to drive shareholder returns and deliver on our targets over the next 3 years. So let me tell you how we're putting purpose into practice. I'll start on Slide 5 with our three focus areas: removing barriers to enterprise Building financial capability and leading on climate change. During the first half, we published a report on what small and medium sized businesses Need to build back after the pandemic and contribute to economic recovery. This research found the largest drivers of future economic growth include supporting more scale ups, boosting female entrepreneurship and achieving representative workforce participation. We have relaunched our enterprise program to reflect these priorities and committed £6,000,000,000 to support SMEs to scale up and grow, with 2 thirds of this allocated outside of London. Our enterprise program has already supported 35,000 entrepreneurs this year, including more than 700 individuals on our current accelerator program, of which 42% are female. We also continue to help customers strengthen their economic resilience with measures such as free financial health checks, Financial education programs and help in starting to save for the first time. In addition to supporting the recovery of SMEs and entrepreneurs, We're also helping young people whose lives have been badly disrupted by the pandemic. In June, we launched Career Sense, A service aimed at improving employability prospects for 13 to 24 year olds. And on climate change, the NEETER Act is now well recognized by investors. Our focus remains on financing and supporting Our customers transition to a low carbon economy. During the year, we helped business customers raise £9,500,000,000 of new sustainable funding and financing, which means we have now exceeded our £20,000,000,000 target. We've also announced a collaboration with Microsoft aimed at helping UK businesses create plans to reduce their carbon emissions, And we're working with Octopus Energy on a scheme that helps our customers transition to electric vehicles. And we have partnered with experts in carbon tracking So that customers can measure emissions associated with their spending via the NatWest banking app. Turning now to Slide 6. I'd like to talk about how we're working with our customers as the economy starts to recover. Across our Retail and Commercial businesses, net lending grew by CHF 4,100,000,000 during the first half, excluding government lending schemes. With the gradual lifting of restrictions over the past 3 months, both debit and credit card spending has returned to pre COVID-nineteen levels. And whilst credit card balances have declined slightly, that trend started to reverse in the second quarter. Gross new mortgage lending in retail banking grew to CHF 9,700,000,000 with net lending growth of CHF 3,200,000,000. We are seeing some reduction in margins in a competitive marketplace, and Katie will cover this in more detail later. In Commercial Banking, demand for new lending from businesses has been muted given high levels of liquidity and significant government support. Revolving credit facility utilization is now around 20% compared to a peak of 40% in April last year. And looking at the government lending schemes, we approved lending of some GBP 14,000,000,000 in 2020, of which around 60% was bounced back loans to small businesses, 30% was CBILS for medium sized businesses and the balance was to large corporates. Since the first anniversary of the schemes when repayment started, 5% of all our bounce back loans have been repaid in full. And of customers due to start repayments, 92% are now repaying on or ahead of schedule. As you know, the government introduced pay as you grow in April, which enables businesses with these loans to request an extension or take a repayment holiday. Just 5% of our bounce back loan customers have asked for a payment holiday through this scheme. In addition to supporting our customers through the pandemic, we are also focused on delivering growth by serving them at key stages throughout their lives, Whether it's borrowing to buy a house or saving for retirement. You will see on Slide 7 that while our share of current accounts in retail banking remains stable At about 16%. We are gradually growing our stock share of mortgages. This is now 11% compared to 10.9% at the full year and 10.6% this time last year. I told you in February how we are transforming customer journeys To drive growth, improve efficiency and reduce costs. And a good example of this is the much improved online process For renewing mortgages that can take as little as 10 minutes compared to anywhere up to 3 weeks when it was done manually. In Private Banking, we have brought together our wealth management businesses to make better use of our asset management expertise So that we can support the saving and investment needs of customers more effectively right across the group. Assets under management and administration grew by over 8% or GBP 2,600,000,000 during the first half to GBP 34,700,000,000 €1,400,000,000 of this increase was net new inflows, of which about 30% were via our digital platforms. These platforms give customers online access to a range of funds managed by the investment team in private banking. Digital inflows were more than double the level in the first half last year, which is testament to our ongoing digital transformation. Turning to Commercial Banking and NatWest Markets on Slide 8. We continue to be the largest support Businesses in the U. K. With a leading net promoter school. Lending in commercial banking has decreased since the year end As customers continue to deleverage and revolving credit facilities are paid down. As I said earlier, we have made a Significant commitment to supporting small and medium sized businesses as the economy recovers since they drive almost half of U. K. Turnover and employ over 40% of the private sector workforce. We are also providing more services for our commercial customers By investing in technology led innovation and products. Our merchant acquiring platform, Till, and online payment service, Pay It, are valuable additions for these customers. TIL has processed over £1,000,000,000 worth of transactions since its launch, And we have carried out 500,000 transactions via PayIt since customers started using it in August last year. We're also extending online offerings such as Rapid Cash, which enables businesses to borrow against unpaid invoices and Path, which is a one stop shop for HR and compliance. Both of these have offered a lifeline during the pandemic. In NatWest Markets, the transformation into a simpler, less capital intensive business is progressing well as we reshape it to focus on corporate and institutional customers in areas such as interest rate risk management, foreign exchange and capital markets. Our performance in NatWest Markets compared to the first half last year reflects lower levels of market volatility. Similar to others, we experienced lower fixed income activity whilst our currencies and capital markets businesses are performing broadly in line with expectations. We remain comfortable with income growing to between £800,000,000 £1,000,000,000 over the medium term. And as our capital restructuring is almost complete, the business is now focused on growth. We have recently established a dedicated Climate and ESG Capital Markets team and continue to leverage our leading position in sustainable financing. As I mentioned earlier, during the first half, we delivered GBP 9,500,000,000 of climate funding and financing, bringing the total amount issued to CHF 21,500,000,000 So we have both accelerated and exceeded our CHF 20,000,000,000 target. We also increased our global share in managing green, social and sustainability bond underwriting to 3.8%, making us the 4th largest book runner in Europe. I want to turn now to our ongoing digital transformation. You can see on Slide 9 how digital adoption has continued to accelerate whilst branch transactions have reduced by almost a third year on year. 60% of our retail customers now use only digital means to interact with us. This means people are able to access our services At any time of day from any place they want, making their lives easier and more convenient. Use of our chatbot Quora is now well established with 44% of these interactions pleaded without human intervention. And video banking accounted for an average of almost 12,000 interactions a week during the first half, enabling us to deliver personalized customer service efficiently without customers needing to travel. I told you in February that we are investing GBP 3,000,000,000 over the next 3 years to support both our income growth and cost reduction initiatives. 80% of this investment is in digital and technology programs, and this includes the digitization of key customer journeys. I mentioned mortgage applications earlier. In addition, we are working on credit applications in our retail and commercial businesses in order to increase speed and ease of delivery whilst reducing costs. I'll turn now to capital management on Slide 10. As you know, we have made strategic choices in relation to both Ulster Bank and NetWest Markets. We have made good progress on Ulster Bank and have now signed a binding agreement with Allied Irish Bank to transfer CHF 4,200,000,000 of performing commercial loans along with colleagues supporting these loans. We also announced last week a non binding memorandum of understanding with permanent TSP for the sale of GBP 6,000,000,000 performing retail and SME loans as well as the transfer of associated employees and branches. If completed, these two transactions would account for about 60% of the Ulster Bank loan book. Katie will talk more about the impact of this later, but we expect this to be capital accretive over the multiyear withdrawal process. In NatWest Markets, RWAs now stand at CHF 24,400,000,000 on a pro form a basis as we updated our model due to the end of LIBOR. And we remain on track to achieve the majority of our targeted RWA reduction to about CHF 20,000,000,000 by the end of the year. As you'd expect, we're also managing our portfolio to reduce capital consumption and manage risk. And in Commercial Banking, this contributed to an GBP 800,000,000 reduction in RWAs during the first half. We're also actively managing our non equity capital And we purchased or called GBP 2,400,000,000 of Tier 1 and Tier 2 secondurities to optimize our capital stack and reduce interest payments. Turning to Slide 11. Our strong capital ratio, which is well above our target ratio of 13% to 14%, gives us scope to return excess capital to shareholders as well as to invest in the business for growth. As you know, in February, we committed to a payout ratio of 40% for ordinary dividends and distributions of at least CHF 800,000,000 in 2021, 2022 and 2023. In March, we announced a CHF 1,100,000,000 directed buyback of almost 5% of our share capital, the maximum amount possible in any given year. Today, we are announcing an interim dividend of 3p and have revised our minimum annual distribution from £800,000,000 to £1,000,000,000 We're also announcing an initial on market share buyback of up to £750,000,000 and this brings total distributions for 2021 to a minimum of GBP 2,900,000,000 Katie will take you through a more detailed breakdown of how we plan to reach our target CET1 ratio by 2023. And so with that, I'll hand over to Katie to take you through our financial performance. Thank you, Alison, and good morning, everyone. I will start with the group income statement for the 2nd quarter, Taking the Q1 as a comparator. Total income was stable at GBP 2,700,000,000 Within this, net interest income was up 2.8 percent to £2,000,000,000 and non interest income was down 7% to CHF 675,000,000 Operating expenses fell 6% to CHF 1,700,000,000 driven by ongoing cost reduction and a legacy conduct release. This means we are reporting an operating profit before impairments of GBP 954,000,000 up 13% on the Q1. The net impairment release of GBP 605,000,000 represents 66 basis points of gross customer loans and compares to a release of CHF 102,000,000 or 11 basis points in the Q1. This reflects an update in our economic assumptions and improvements in underlying credit metrics. Taking all of this together, We reported operating profit before tax of CHF 1,600,000,000 for the 2nd quarter. Attributable profit To ordinary shareholders was CHF 1,200,000,000 equivalent to a return on tangible equity of 15.6%. I'll move on now to net interest income on Slide 14. Banking net interest income for the 2nd quarter was £43,000,000 higher than the first. This includes a one off £32,000,000 adjustment on certain leases related to the change in corporation tax rate with an offset through the tax charge. Excluding this, banking net interest income is £11,000,000 higher due to continued strong mortgage growth, partly offset by lower commercial balances. Turning to bank net interest margin. This reduced 3 basis points to 161 basis points. Higher liquidity levels resulted in a 4 basis point reduction. The lower yield curve accounted for 1 basis point decrease due to the structural hedge. And there was a negative impact of 1 basis point for mix in pricing as stronger mortgage margins were offset by lower unsecured and commercial balances. These reductions were partially offset by the one off tax adjustment, which added 3 basis points. We also show our bank net interest margin adjusted for the liquid asset buffer, which accounted £163,000,000,000 or 1 third of banking average interest earning assets in Q2. This increased by 1 basis point in the quarter to 240 basis points, reflecting the one off tax adjustment I just mentioned, partially offset by the lower yield curve and mix and pricing changes. Turning to the drivers of net interest margin on Slide 15. On the asset or lending side, gross yield for the group fell by 3 basis points to 181, reflecting strong growth in lower yielding liquid assets. Retail Banking loan yields saw ongoing pressure due to lower unsecured balances, while commercial banking yields were broadly stable, excluding the one off lease adjustments. On the liability or deposit side, group Funding costs were broadly in line with Q1 at 30 basis points, with a further small reduction in retail deposit costs to 6 basis points. There are 3 main factors to consider in relation to net interest margin for the second half. First, a change in liquidity, which, as you know, affects interest earning assets and therefore, bank NIM. 2nd, the yield curve. We continue to expect a reduction in hedge income of around GBP 250,000,000 compared to 2020, of which GBP 157,000,000 was in the first half. Taking into account the current yield curve and anticipated size of the hedge, We expect the impact from the hedge to be broadly neutral in Q3 and Q4 compared to Q2. The third factor is mix and pricing. In the 2nd quarter, mortgage margins on the front book decreased from 181 to 165 basis points. This is broadly in line with the back book, which improved 4 basis points to 163. Average application margins in the 2nd quarter were 152 basis points, below the back book, And they continued to reduce towards the end of the quarter to around 145 basis points, reflecting increased competition. Mix is also affected by demand for higher margin unsecured and corporate lending, which will ultimately depend on the shape of the economic recovery. Finally, I'd like to remind you of the one off, which will not repeat next quarter. Moving on now to look at volumes on Slide 16. Gross banking loans increased to £4,300,000,000 or 1.2 percent in the quarter to £361,000,000,000 This includes £1,000,000,000 growth in our UK and RBSI Retail and Commercial Businesses, excluding government schemes. UK mortgage growth of GBP 3,600,000,000 or 2% reflects continued strong demand in the UK ahead of changes in stamp duty at the end of June. Gross new lending was GBP 9,700,000,000 Up from £9,600,000,000 in Q1. UK unsecured balances declined in the quarter. However, we were pleased to see growth in our credit card balances of £100,000,000 or 3% in the quarter. In Commercial Banking, gross customer loans fell by £3,400,000,000 as customers started to repay government schemes, which accounted for £400,000,000 They repaid £1,200,000,000 on revolving credit facilities and made further net repayments of £1,800,000,000 Average interest earning banking assets grew by £14,000,000,000 or 3 percent to CHF494 billion, driven by the larger liquidity buffer funded by deposit inflows. I'd like to turn now to non interest income on Slide 17. Non interest income, excluding notable items, was down 7% on the Q1 to CHF688,000,000 Within this, income from trading and other activities decreased 29% to £167,000,000 This reflects a weaker performance in fixed income in NatWest Markets, which was impacted by our reshaping of the business alongside the significant decrease in market volatility experienced last year. Fees and commissions in the retail and commercial businesses increased by £14,000,000 to £484,000,000 This was driven by higher card and lending fees as COVID restrictions eased. It also includes a number of non recurring items in retail banking, which together totaled £12,000,000 We expect to see a short term increase in fees payable from Q3 as we start to migrate the Group's retail and business debit cards from our existing provider Visa to Mastercard. This impact will reduce during the second half and into early 2022. Travel is an important driver of both retail unsecured balance growth and fees, and the outlook remains uncertain given the ongoing restrictions due to COVID-nineteen across Europe. So to round off my comments on income, While we do not expect NatWest Markets income to be in the range of GBP 800,000,000 to GBP 1,000,000,000 this year, we remain confident of this over the medium term. We are targeting lending growth across our retail and commercial businesses. And together with fees and commissions, this is dependent on consumer and corporate activity. And finally, you do need to bear in mind the impact of the structural hedge. I will move on now to look at costs on Slide 18. Other expenses, excluding operating lease depreciation And the direct cost base of Ulster were GBP 1,400,000,000 for the 2nd quarter. That's GBP 113,000,000 or 7% lower in the Q2 last year. This takes our year to date savings to 5.9%, ahead of our guidance. However, as Alison said earlier, these cost reductions will not be linear. We expect higher investment spend in the second half As COVID impacts moderate, so you should not extrapolate this run rate. We continue to expect to deliver savings of around 4% for the full year. Strategic costs in Q2 were GBP 172,000,000 And we continue to expect these to be around GBP 800,000,000 for the full year. Turning now to impairments on Slide 19. We're reporting a 2nd quarter net impairment release of CHF605 1,000,000 or 66 basis points of gross customer loans, bringing the overall release to GBP707,000,000 for the first half. The Q2 release was driven by an update to our economic assumptions, Improved underlying risk metrics in our performing book and a continued low level of defaults. Our updated assumptions reflect a more favorable economic outlook. Our base case now assumes UK GDP growth of 7 point Key percent in 2021, up from 4.5% previously and for UK unemployment to peak at 5.5%, down from 7%. You will also see we have adjusted the probability weighting of our 4 scenarios and reduced our waiting for the 2 downside scenarios. Nevertheless, the outlook remains uncertain And we are mindful of the significant government support that our customers still receive. Given the net release of CHF707,000,000 in the first half, We now expect a net release for the full year. There are 3 key variables affecting the full year outcome. 1st, Economic performance versus the weighted economic outlook we use in our scenarios. As you know, we update these each half So the consensus economic outlook as we get towards the end of the year will be critical. Secondly, credit performance. While we see a low level of defaults and no tall trees at the moment, we will monitor credit conditions carefully as COVID support continues to roll off. And third, our post model adjustments, which I'll come on to. Turning now to expected credit loss on Slide 20. Our ECL provision at the end of Q2 was £4,900,000,000 down from £5,800,000,000 at Q1. This reduction was driven mainly by an improvement in both our economic scenarios and the risk metrics in our performing book, which together accounted for a release of GBP648,000,000 Comparing the Q1 column on the left of the bridge With the 2nd quarter column on the right, you can see we have reduced post model adjustments for economic uncertainty by £53,000,000 to £834,000,000 The ECL release has reduced our ECL coverage From 1.56 percent at Q1 to 1.31% at Q2, and we are comfortable with this level of coverage. I'm not going to walk through all the moving parts, but I would like to highlight that our PMA for economic uncertainty is now a larger proportion of our overall ECL coverage accounting for 22 basis points. And the remaining coverage of 109 basis points is broadly in line with 2019 levels, which feels reasonable. We do not see any particular issues in the book at this time and are comfortable with how it is performing. As we look to potentially unwind these post model adjustments, The major factor will be how the economy and our customers react to the ending of government support. But as long as economic and credit conditions Continue to trend favorably. There could be some upside later this year and into 2022. Turning now to look at the progress on Ulster Bank on Slide 21. As Alison said earlier, we now have a binding agreement with AIB for the sale of €4,200,000,000 of commercial loans and have announced a non binding memorandum of understanding with permanent TSB for the sale of CHF 7,600,000,000 of retail and SME loans. We do not expect the AIB deal to complete this year, And the transfer is expected to take place in phases through 2022. And for permanent TSB, we hope to reach terms before the end of the year. However, completion is likely to be in 12 to 18 months later. As you would expect, the reduction of the cost base will lag that of the balance sheet, And we will provide some more guidance on the costs associated with exits at our full year results. As transactions complete, We will look to start dividend payments back to the group. Turning now to look at capital and risk weighted assets on Slide 22. We ended the quarter with a common equity Tier 1 ratio of 18.2% on a transitional basis Under IFRS 9, in line with the Q1. This ratio fully reflects the updated dividend accrual, The GBP 750,000,000 buyback and the linked pension contribution of GBP 238,000,000 pretax, which together reduced the ratio by 75 basis points. This reduction was offset By a 41 basis point increase from attributable profit, net of changes to deferred tax and IFRS 9 transitional relief. 19 basis points benefit due to lower RWAs and a further 9 basis point from a lower potential valuation adjustment following the reduction in expected disposal losses. Our IFRS 9 transitional relief reduced by 27 basis points in the quarter to 73 basis points. This reflects the release of Stage 1 and Stage 2 expected credit loss, which would previously have been added back to our capital position. As a result, the significant impairment release in the quarter had negligible impact on our CET1 ratio. RWAs decreased £1,700,000,000 in the quarter to CHF163 billion. Within this, a reduction for credit risk of CHF2.6 billion was driven by lower commercial and unsecured retail balances and a benefit of CHF 400,000,000 from pro cyclicality. Market risk increased by CHF 900,000,000 reflecting a temporary elevation of CHF 2,500,000,000 following an announcement at the end of Sterling LIBOR in March. A model update was received in July, which reverses this uplift to give pro form a RWAs of GBP 160,000,000,000 Moving on now to the drivers of CET1 on Slide 23. I want to set out the factors to consider as we transition to our 2023 target of 13% to 14%. These impacts are all indicative based on our capital position at Q2. Starting with regulation. Based on what we know today, we expect this to consume around 350 basis points. This includes the unwind of COVID related measures such as IFRS 9 transitional relief as well as RWA inflation, including Basel III. We have said before that we expect PRA changes to increase our mortgage risk weight to around 15% on January 1. Based on current book size and risk density, we expect our mortgage RWAs to increase by around £15,000,000,000 Taking into account these factors and the improved economic outlook, we now expect overall RWAs to be at or below The range of 185,000,000 to 195,000,000 at the end of 2021, including all Relative impacts effective on January 1, 2022. Of course, we expect to generate capital through to 2023, both through earnings and through our reshaping of NatWest Markets and withdrawal from the Republic of Ireland. We will also Consumed capital via loan growth and through post cyclicality, which to date, to be positive, and the timing and quantum of this remains uncertain. And finally, distributions. These are a key priority, and we intend to distribute a minimum of £1,000,000,000 per annum Through dividends, which would consume around 155 basis points of capital through to 2023. The buyback we announced today is fully included in our 18.2% ratio. Where we have the opportunity to do further direct buybacks In 2022 and 'twenty three, in line with the one we completed in March, this would consume around 140 basis points of capital. And we would also have flexibility to do further on market buybacks. You will find more details of these drivers in our appendix. Turning to my final slide, which shows the strength of our balance sheet. Our CET1 ratio is now between 420,520 basis points above our 13% to 14% target range. This has more than doubled our maximum distributable amount. Our UK leverage ratio of 6.2% is 2.95 basis points above the Bank of England minimum requirement. This follows the repurchase of CHF 2.4 billion of Tier 1 and Tier 2 secondurities that Alison mentioned earlier. We were also in a position this month to call 1 of our most expensive 81s Following successful sterling and $1.81 issuances during the first half. Given favorable FX, This will generate an 8 basis point CET1 increase in Q3 and result in significantly lower coupon payments going forward. We have also maintained strong liquidity levels with high quality liquid asset pool and stable diverse funding base. Our liquidity coverage increased in the quarter to 164% due to deposit inflows. And headroom above our minimum requirement is now £75,000,000,000 So to conclude, We have continued to deliver a strong operating performance in the Q2, with good lending growth and ongoing progress on both cost reduction and capital optimization. And with that, I'll hand back to Alison. Thank you, Katie. So in summary, we have delivered an operating profit of £2,500,000,000 Which includes an impairment release of CHF 707,000,000 as we revised our assumptions in light of a more favorable economic outlook. Though we do maintain a conservative approach as government support schemes wind down and the economy recovers. We continue to support customers to execute our strategy and to invest in the acceleration of our digital transformation. We have made good headway on our phased withdrawal from the Republic of Ireland and expect to largely complete the refocusing of NatWest Markets this year. We're also making good progress on our 3 year targets and continue to work towards a CET1 ratio of 13% to 14% and return on tangible equity of 9% to 10% by 2023. And finally, we're pleased to report that we're increasing our annual distribution to CHF 1,000,000,000 a year In 2021, 2022 and 2023 and have announced today an interim dividend of 3p as well as an initial share buyback of up £750,000,000 In total, this brings total distributions for 2021 to about £2,900,000,000 Thank you very much. And we'll now open it up for questions. Thank you. Murray. Murray. And we'll take our first question from Andrew Coombs at Citi. Please go ahead. Your line I have 2. One, just on the interest Margin trajectory, in particular the increase in the liquid assets. Obviously, if you strip out the One off benefit from the lease pricing change. It does look like you exit the quarter somewhat lower than consensus expected. That's largely due to this impact on the liquid assets. So perhaps you could just explain what the outlook is for the liquid asset buffer from here, what you think the impact On the interest margin might be from that into the second half and beyond? That would be the first question. The second one is just trying to understand the dynamics around the capital return. You've announced a ordinary buyback. I'm sure they'll be welcomed. But in the past, when we've talked about that, your concern has been what that means for the Government state given that they can't necessarily participate. So should we assume that if you are doing a auto buyback, it comes alongside Another government placing in order to maintain their stake at the existing level or potentially even lower? Great. Thank you, Katie. Can I Yes, sure? Thanks. Good morning, Andrew. And I missed the very beginning of your questions. If I don't catch all of it, Don't hesitate to kind of jump back in. But if we look at the increase in the liquid assets, Whenever we think of NIM going forward, there's always three things. The change in liquidity, what we would say is that, that It affects the average interest in earning assets and therefore the bank name. What we saw this year this quarter was our growth in deposits of CHF 14,000,000,000 What we would note is that, that feels like it's slowing a little bit. It's down from the CHF 22,000,000,000 in the previous quarter as things get back to normal. So I think We'll leave you to think about how that might behave as we go into this next quarter. You can see that we've also just shown you today what the NIM is Ex, that licked the impact of the liquid assets, which I think is quite helpful just on the bottom of that NIM slide. And you can see that it's more stable. It does benefit, as you say, from the one off It shows that it's a much more kind of stable number. In terms of the dynamics around the capital return, So GBP 750,000,000 in market buyback. You will have seen last week that The government also announced that they were doing an in market sell down. So naturally, we'll end up scooping up a little bit of their stock as well as other stock that we pick up In terms of that piece, so it's not significant. But I think it's very difficult to say what the impact of that will be on the government stock in terms of You don't have to have that. What we will do is anything that we buy that we will cancel as a treasury share. So it's therefore, obviously beneficial to Our share count and also our ROE in there. Thank you, Andrew. Thank you. And your next question comes from the line of Omar Keinan from Credit Suisse. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Good morning. Thank you very much for taking my questions. I've got 2, please. 1 on mortgages and 1 on NatWest Markets. So firstly, on mortgages. Mortgage margin is up 4 basis points in the quarter to EUR163 1,000,000. I was just wondering whether you could give a little bit more color As to where application margins are presently versus the last time that you disclosed them? And just related to that, I was wondering whether you can you think you can continue to take Market share on increasing higher retention increasing retention without pulling on the price lever further. And my second question on NatWest Markets. So I've noted that you are keeping The medium term revenue guidance of €800,000,000 to €1,000,000,000 But if I look at FICC revenues in the first half, It was about €60,000,000 adjusted for the LME exercise. So I'm just wondering whether the €120,000,000 is Just annualizing that is a normalized run rate or whether when you say that The fact that FICC has been impacted by reshaping the business means that there are other one off losses in there. Just hoping that you can Help us think about what the normalized FICC number might be. Thank you. Well, look, why don't I talk about NatWest Markets? And Katie will come back to the mortgage business. So on NatWest Markets, obviously, we are reshaping that business to make it simpler and more aligned. And I think We're very comfortable with the progress that the team are making there, very significant progress in reshaping it. In relation to and largely, the capital reshaping will be done by the end of this year, And the business is now positioning for growth. Specifically on the Rates business, clearly, what you've seen is that business has been Reshaping, we've taken around CHF 14,000,000,000 of RWAs out of that business as we expected. But obviously, it's been a weaker quarter across The fixed income market, particularly also given the exceptional levels of activity generated last year. So I think it's a combination Of the reshaping and the lower volatility from last year. But overall, I think our guidance on the €800,000,000 to €1,000,000,000 remains comfortable. So I think it's just that that I would that what I would point you to. Katie, mortgages? Yes, absolutely. So in terms of mortgages, Omar, I'll just make sure we've got all the numbers, so we're all aligned. So completion for the quarter came down to 165 basis points, Broadly in line with the shape of the back book to kind of 163. When I look at the Q2, the average application was 152. I think what's important to look at actually what was happening towards the end of the quarter, where it was at 145, reflecting the increased competition in the market. And for the rest of the year, I think mortgage margins will depend on competition pressure. And we know that the recent step up in this pressure, I have to say today, we don't really see anything today that would indicate that that's going to slow in the near term. I would remind you that our goal is to maintain above market growth Each year, and we aim to make sure that we balance growth with risk discipline as well as strong kind of mortgage management. We're very focused on retention. As you say, it's sitting about 80 So very pleased on that. We don't seek to lead on price, particularly. And our goal is very much around creating a sustainable value As we move forward from there, I'm pleased to see stock share growth from 10.9% up to 11% in this quarter. Thanks, Alison. Thank you, Omar. Thank you. Thank you. And your next question comes from the line of Chris Kamp at Autonomous, please go ahead. Your line is now open. Good morning, both. Thank you for taking my Questions. I just wanted to ask one more around mortgages, if that's okay. Just a point of clarification. So you said the back Book margin is 163 basis points. I think that's inclusive of your SVR book. So Could you just either give us the sort of ex SVR book number so we can compare apples to apples with that application margin Or give us sort of the spread on the SVR and the size of that book and we can back it out ourselves. That would just be helpful to understand the dynamic there. And then on Ulster, what do you think you're going to be able to do with the ramp of loans that you've got left It's a lot of tracker business is my understanding. So you're expecting to do some kind of securitization with that, sell it to a credit fund. What do you expect To do with that book, just wondering whether we need to think about that as being like a non core item running off over a very protracted period of time. Thank you. Thanks, Chris. Well, let me talk about Ulster. So with the 2 transactions that we've announced, the AIB and The PTSB, as you rightly say, that's around 60% of the book. In terms of the other assets, our plan remains to be a Phased withdrawal from the market. I think I did mention sort of earlier in the year that we had a number of parties that were interested in A number of assets across our book, of which the tracker book is attractive. So we will continue to explore all options in relation to that book. Clearly, with the 2 transactions, the binding agreement with AIB and the memorandum of understanding with permanent TSB, you can see we're looking To accelerate our withdrawal through transactions like that. So we will consider all options, but I'm comfortable We will be able to do that. And obviously, as I've confirmed before, we expect this to be capital ratio accretive Over the period, and we'll keep you updated as we continue to develop our plan. But I would assume a phase withdrawal over a number of years. You won't be running a huge ramp for a long period. Katie, do you want to pick up the first one? Yes, sure. Thanks. Good morning, Chris. Good to hear from you. When we look at the SVR rate, it's kind of less than 10% of the book. It doesn't it moves around a little bit in terms of The roll offs and the timing of that, the SVR rate today is 3.64%. So I'm going to leave you to work out the maths, if you don't mind, in terms of how you back that out of the blended group. But It doesn't move a lot, less than 10% of the total group. So hopefully that helps. Thanks, Chris. That helps. Thank you. Thank you. And your next question comes from the line of Rohit Chandra Rajan at Bank of America. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Hi, good morning. I just had a quick one, please, on the Capital stack optimization that you flagged, you've indicated the 8 basis points CET1 benefit in Q3 from the AT1 redemption. I was Yes, Sherry. Thanks, Alison. Yes, absolutely. So if I look at the €81,000,000 number, we have a saving about £130,000,000 in terms of that coupon. And then it's also just remembering to sort of have a look at the press, which we show is the non equity holding Further down the page, it's going to be sitting about GBP 250,000,000 in 2022. We'll get a little bit of benefit of that coming through this time as well. Thank you. Thanks, Rohit. Thank you. And your next question comes from the line of Guy Stebbings at BNP Paribas. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Hi, good morning, everyone. Thanks for taking the questions. The first one was on volumes and then second one back on NatWest Markets. So on volumes, specifically on the commercial book, I'm just wondering how much Can you view the extent of headwind from the reduction in Q2 from the government guaranteed seat is particularly elevated in the quarter, just given the timing of When interest payments came due and whether that should moderate in future quarters, perhaps timing around that? And then in the other direction, And what you're seeing in terms of latest demand trends on the corporate side. And if we net that together, at what point you might expect to see the book grow again or be flat again in the future? And then on NatWest Markets, I appreciate the color that you've given and the medium term guidance sort of staying on the revenue side. So I just wondered, given recent performance, whether it's impacted at all your view on what the right size and shape of NatWest Markets should be, Be it in terms of long term risk weighted assets or costs, any color there would be very helpful. Thank you. Thank you. So on NatWest Markets, no, it hasn't changed our view. We're Shooting the strategy, we're 1.5 years into the reshaping, and we're comfortable with where we are. So plan remains the same, and we're comfortable with the Guidance that we've given you in terms of the revenue outlook. On commercial lending, just to pick up on that point. I mean, I think what you're seeing is, it's really a demand lack of demand rather than supply in the market at the moment, which, as you say, reflects that Extraordinary amount of liquidity and support that's been put in place from the government schemes. We certainly Have capacity and willing to lend within there, but demand remains subdued. So when I think about as we move forward, what are the things that are going to Influence that growth. First, it's going to be the degree and speed of the economic recovery And the resultant increase in working capital requirements as businesses come out of lockdown and scale up. And you've heard me talk about Our view on a more positive economic recovery. The second influence is going to be the customer behavior In relation to paying down the current government schemes, and I can certainly give you some more detail on that. And then thirdly, how customers use the pay as Degro features in relation to the new government schemes. If I look at the sort of various different segments, as you know, we support with the largest Lender to business and we support for micro right the way up to large corporates. If I try and sort of give you a sense of the segmentation, We're seeing sort of growth being more concentrated towards the mid and large end of the customer base, with new business growth in our large Corporate and institutional business at the moment largely being driven by infrastructure and ESG Green Lending. And our NatWest Markets business is Doing a lot of business in that space, supporting our clients. In the SME market, I think growth is going to be geared So the wider economy and that recovery and at the very small end, what we call the business banking end, That largely the take up of the bounce back loan lending, that effectively has doubled the business banking book since March Last year, so I think there'll be limited growth in that small end as amortization more than offsets New business. So hopefully, that gives you a sort of bit of color of what we're seeing from that perspective. Thank you. Okay. Thanks. And your next question comes from the line of Jonathan Pierce at Numis. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Good morning, both. I've got a couple of questions there that are vaguely related. There's another $12,000,000,000 build in deposits in the quarter and a $12,000,000,000 increase in cash at the Central Bank as well in the second Quarter. Two questions are the hedge rescaling opportunity from here because the deposit base keeps getting bigger. Given money creation at the Bank of England, one would expect deposits will probably grow again in the second half of the year, at least at the aggregate level. So what's your current thinking on potential for future, hedge restating over and above what you've already done? The second question is on your interest rate sensitivity. I mean, I guess, because the deposit base again is growing, you're now pointing to year 1 managed margin benefits of GBP 414,000,000 and then presumably it builds as the actions Take effect on a full year basis into year 2 year 3. I mean those numbers are clear to see. Can I just, for my own understanding, Get some help on why the managed margin benefit is falling now in year 2 year 3, is that because you're benchmarking it against your own expectations for increasing base rate? And if it is, can you tell us what your Expectations are 2, 3 years out on base rate because that managed margin benefit looks huge now, particularly in the context of what Forward curves are telling us what will happen to base rate over that period of time. Thanks very much. Yes. Sure. Thanks, Jonathan. And So I'll just jump in, Alison. Sorry, I'm hurling myself here. So if I look, first of all, at the deposits, what I'd say, if the deposits remain flat Today, we expect a further increase of CHF 15,000,000,000 in hedging over the next 12 months, reflecting that higher deposit balances Feeding through into the 12 month rolling average balance, I think, Jonathan, I would probably agree with your perspective. There will be a little bit of a further increase. We noted that the 22% from Q1 fell to 14%, but you would see some more come on to that, and that will come through. If I look at the second piece around the interest rate sensitivity, so there's a couple of things going on there. What we have, obviously, there's what's going on with the interplay between pass through assumption as increases as rate increases And the timing which we'll do that. And I probably won't get too drawn on that just now, so that's not decisions that we've made and we'd necessarily talk about. Currently, we expect the base rates to go to sort of 75 basis points over the lifetime compared with 0 at September. So that Increase over the 3 years will have an impact in that. So but the sensitivity lower in year 2 year 3 compared with year 1 as you start to see some of Those rates coming through. And obviously, given where we are, that sensitivity is quite heightened as you move forward with those rates Mowy. So sorry, just to clarify, before you saw the Impact of the managed margin from a 25 basis point rate rise increasing in year 2 versus year 1, I assume simply because it took a few months to You're going to get the full benefit of that, whereas now it's going down. And that is because this is relative to your base case, which has a base rate Going up already. Is that right? Yes. So that would be fair. That would be fair. So really what we're looking at Clean is if there was a 25 basis point rate rise today, the year 1 impact would be GBP 414,000,000 But presumably growing to circa GBP 500,000,000 once all of the actions have fully kicked in. Yes. So you would see 414 come through 1st in the 1st year. And then I don't think that the Actions would particularly be additive, so I would go with what we've got in terms of those managed margin lines as what you'd see coming through in the other years. Okay. Great. Thanks very much. Thanks, Jonathan. Thank you. And your next question comes from the line of Rob Noble at Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Good morning, all. Can I just ask again on Ulster? And I know it's early days with PTSD, but how theoretically would the state and The work, would you hold it at also level group level and how would it be treated from a capital perspective on that basis as well? And then secondly, now that TIL has got a bit more traction, what sort of revenue and profit are you seeing from it? And where do you expect it to go to going forward? Thank you. Thank you. So until, yes, we're really, really pleased with the progress, and you can see the number of transactions sort of going through. We think this is A product that all of our commercial customers will want and need. I'm not going to give you revenue forecast specifically on it, but What it does do is increase the product offering and deepen the relationship with our commercial customers. And as it continues to scale, We'll give you more updates on that as we go forward. Do you want to pick up the answer to question? No, no, no, no, no. Thanks. It's a good question, Robin. Here we get ourselves a little bit into the technicalities of ring fencing. So it's basically an equity holding. And so therefore, you obviously hold it outside of the ring fence. We have our entity that sits on the edge, which a Holdings where we hold a lot of those things. And so we'll We'll give you more guidance in terms of capital and things like that when it's there, but it does it sits outside of the ring fence. It wouldn't be sitting in Ulster Holdings or anything like that. Great. Thanks very much. Thanks very much, Rob. Thank you. And your next question comes from the line Of John Cronin at Goodbody. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Apologies. Your line is now open, John. Hi, both. Thanks for taking my questions. And the first one is on mortgage margins and getting back This ambition to grow your share. So looking at where you mentioned Application margins start at the end of Q2 of 145 basis points and they still seem to be on a downward trajectory with more rate moves this week by some of your peers. Just looking to understand what the inflection point might be where you decide actually you're going to hold steady and stop competing for share. Yes. How far down? Are we talking down to pre pandemic levels and below? Or is there some kind of any kind of qualitative guidance you could give me on that A particular question just from a product royalty perspective. Then secondly, on credit cards, look, I know I've tried this one before, but in terms of The breakdown of the spend on a per customer basis and your experience with respect to savings among your customer base, Is that increasing non payers as it were in terms of increasing the proportion of those who are paying down their balances in full? And is that something that's likely to weigh on growth for some time owing to the savings that's through the pandemic? And then finally, just a small Short question on RWAs. I know, look, thanks for the guidance on the hybrid mortgage models and where there is fresh guidance on that. Anything to say beyond at this point in terms of potential materiality of Basel III impact from 2023 beyond? Great. Thank you. Katie, I'm going to give all this to you. No, that's fine. And John, you rattled through them quickly. So if I miss anything, jump in at the end, and I'll come back to you. So in terms of the mortgage margins and at what price you would kind of stop, I guide you to what we shared at the Most recent, spotlight that we did with retail. And what they talked about there, what they shared was, our mortgages are kind of earning at the moment over 20%. Now that's calculated on a book value that's very similar to where we're writing today. So it's at about 145 basis points to 150 basis points. So therefore, at that stage, you know and sorry, importantly, including the mortgage floor add on. So we're comfortable at this level that you're earning above 20%. Clearly, with the price competition, you'll see that ROE fall. But at 20% or over 20%, you've got some good ground still to cover Before you would get anywhere close to saying actually we're not going below that level. So I really want to put a number out there on that. In terms of the credit card spending, what we've seen in this quarter is that We have had a small increase in the credit card levels. From the previous quarter, they've gone up by just about 0.1. So not a big proportion. Obviously, our overall balances are 3.6%. So I think we're about 3% on that. But what it's showing is that it's we're starting to see the difference from people paying down completely to actually the balance growing a little bit, which obviously, from our numbers, a little bit of growth in balance It's helpful in that from an income and also from a margin level. If we then think to the RWAs, in terms of Specifically on the Basel side of things, the exact timing of that is relatively uncertain. I think on Slide 31 in our pack, we give you quite a lot of guidance. And we sort of say it's about over sorry, less than 90 basis points in terms of what you'd see coming through on that. So I think once you get a chance, John, if you poke around in that side, you'll see the builds from all of the different impacts of model changes. Thanks. Can I just come back on the first one just in terms of the 145 to 150, what kind of product royalty that is? You know, it's above 20, but how far above? Is there anything more you can add to that? I'd say, John, good try. I'll probably just stick with you with the disclosure we gave at the spotlight of It's just above 20. Okay, got it. Thanks, John. Have a good day. Thank you. Your next question comes from the line of Alvaro Serrano at Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Good morning. Thanks for taking my questions. A very quick one on mortgages, consciously beaten it to death almost. Am I right to think that, that 145 basis points of I think you said at the end of the quarter, is that still above the rates of which the business that's rolling over? I realize you've mentioned the back book, but versus the fixed rate business rolling over, it's still above. And when we think about the next few quarters, Given the volumes and given it's rolling over above, any reason why we shouldn't see sort of NII Sort of growing, obviously, for the adjustment of the one off, but is put another way, is the commercial sort of banking drag, something We should take into account. And then and maybe one more medium term one. I think you said to Jonathan's question that you have 75 basis points rate hike expectations for the next 3 years. I'm trying to remember what you had in your 9% to 10% guidance at the beginning of the year for 2023. And given the margin, I just think it just makes me think that there's upside to that 9% to 10%. Obviously, Great hikes have to happen and all that, but I just wanted to compare versus your earlier guidance and the strategy plan For the beginning of the year. Thanks. Katie? Yes, sure. Thanks, Alvaro, and morning. So if we look at mortgages now, GBP 145,000,000 I mean, I would Kind of compare it more to the back book rather than going specifically in terms of what they're replacing because they often the manner in which they're replacing, Whether it's a 2 year or 5 deal and actually it's that total back book number, the 1.63. What we saw is margins were going up, That pulled up clearly, it's a little bit lower that you'll see that kind of coming through. I think in terms of the NII, it's really around what we managing to do on volume to offset that. We've got a good track record of managing that. So we'll continue to see that kind of going through In terms of the income, if I go back to when we talked to the 9% to 10%, you might remember, at that point, there was actually a small Price decrease, I think, in terms of base cuts at that point, I think it was 10 basis points down. So if The rate rise comes through, then it will be helpful, but we're very much market consensus for base rates. And at the moment, our first hike It's not priced in terms of that market consensus until the end of into the second half of next year. So a little bit of positive news, Helpful and I think in line with just the general positivity we're seeing in the market at the moment. So can I just have a quick follow-up On the management adjustments, sorry, I think they've gone up to 1,100,000,000 In the first half, can I just confirm that's not included in your capital Return expectations, I think you still have the IFRS 9 unwind, which the factor means it's not included? But Should we believe that some of that could be could create upside to distribution? Thank you. Yes. So that's we haven't had any part of the PMA coming through in terms of our commitments today. Those commitments are things that we could all make assuming that the PMA would be utilized in terms of to pay for impairments. And so if it wasn't, then you could see some positivity come through. I'd remind you, we do our dividend policy based on the attributable income. So if it's To that, then that could see some upside. But remember on IFRS 9 as it unwinds in terms of that stage 2, you get a bit more complicated in terms of the capital piece. But I think good news generally works its way through to good news on distributions as well. Thank you very much. Lovely. Thanks, Alvaro. Thank you. And your next question comes from the line of Martin Heitgeb at Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Yes. Good morning, and thank you for taking my questions. Firstly, I would just like to ask on the outlook for volume growth within Retail Banking in the U. K. And I mean, looking at the first half, Mortgage volumes have been trending significantly higher compared to prior levels prior year levels. Now with the same duty holiday leveling off, how should we think about the scope for volume growth in the second half? Do you see this as basically a lot of it being a front loading? Or do you see some signs of structural strength in the mortgage market with We'll eventually be looking for bigger houses, bigger mortgages and so forth. And to follow-up on that, I mean, similar question on credit card. I think you launched your 1st 0% balance card recently. I was just wondering if you could shed a bit of light how the day cap has been. And I was just wondering How do you think about scope for volume growth in credit cards over the near to medium term? And thirdly, just a quick Follow-up on your earlier comments on Alstaz dividend. I remember the turn of the year, I think Alstaz had a quarter one ratio of around 28%. Have you, in the meantime, made an application for an up streaming of this of a dividend? Or is the first one really just To be expected once when the first deal is complete. Thank you. Thank you. Katie, do you want to pick up the mortgages? And I'll just touch on the credit card and the new credit card that we launched. We're very happy with that. There's been very strong growth In terms of the launch of that, our volumes are well above our plans, and we're seeing significant growth there. So that has Really appealed to our customers, which we're very happy with. Katie, mortgage volumes. Yes, Sure, absolutely. So if we look at in terms of the mortgage volumes, we are still expecting them to be pretty robust as we move forward from here. Obviously, there's been the spike in June as the final kind of stamp duty kind of came to an end, but we're comfortable in terms of moving forward. And you can also see In our economic assumptions that we're also pretty confident about some ongoing house price inflation as well. So though we've had this kind of peak, We'd expect it to moderate a little bit. They'll still grow in 2022, but over the 5 years, it's still a growth from there. So we do see that still as a positive Market moving forward. Alison, will I pick up the Ulster dividend question? Yes. Yes, perfect. So if we look at that, so no, we haven't made any We didn't think that was appropriate as we were doing the strategic review in terms of any capital withdrawal. And we would expect that as deals complete at that point, we'd Start to make applications at that stage and see capital return. What we have done in the past when we've made applications, they've been granted. So we're not expecting any particular issues on that. But it wasn't it's something we chose not to do as we were doing the strategic review. Thanks, Maarten. Very clear. Thank you very much. Thank you. And your next question comes from the line of Robin Down at HSBC. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Good morning. Can I come back to the commercial loan book? I guess we can all kind of I have a guesstimate as to what happens with the non government guaranteed lending in the second half. But the government guaranteed lending, I guess, given the products are basically closed now, is obviously going to fall and potentially reasonably darkly over the next few quarters. I just wonder if you could give us, just for our modeling purposes, some indication that kind of the margins. I'm guessing Bounce back loans, the margin is probably just over 2%, assuming you've kind of popped that back into Moi. Is that correct? And on the fee build side, I wonder if you Kind of give us an indication of the margin of that so we can kind of model if that rolls off over the next quarters. Yes. So I mean in terms of the bounce back loans, the yield is 2.5%. And as you remember, the term is 6 to 10 years. The new pay as you grow option allows Customers to extend their terms. So that's on bounce back. On CBILS, it's more difficult to give you detail on that because that is Specifically, set by customer, but obviously benefits from the 80% guarantee rather Then the 100% guarantee. Okay. But I mean, so we can't Is it kind of close to the average margin for that division? Would that be a reasonable starting point? If you look maybe if you look on Sort of Slide 15 of the deck, that will give you a sort of a sense of the margins and where we're pricing it. Thanks, Robin. Your next question Apologies. Your next question comes from the line of Aman Murray. Good morning. Good morning. I guess most of my questions have been asked. I had 2, If I may. Just one on just your expectations for full year income, if I might ask Katie, Given another quarter performance and I guess another soft print from NatWest Markets, I think you talked previously about A touch under €11,100,000,000 ex notable items that you printed in 2020. Interested for kind of what your expectations are for that Now. And then secondly, just on the RWAs. So obviously, note the NatWest market RWAs So the temporary that are coming off. So you're starting at €160,000,000,000 I know that you're sticking with the kind of €5,000,000,000 to €195,000,000 albeit lower end. I'm just kind of interested in how you actually get there. I know you've got the €15,000,000,000 from mortgages. There's a bit more from other regulatory headwinds. So if you could quantify that, that would be good. But the I guess, the growth, It didn't sound like there should be too much kind of organic RWA growth given the commercial books coming off in H2. So I guess I'm trying to tease out whether there's maybe a bit of positive upside to that RWA guidance. Great. Katie, do you want to we've got we can walk you through the RWAs, Katie, if you want to go through that? Yes, sure. Absolutely. So let me take Your first question in terms of the full year income guidance. So we do expect income excluding the notable items to be lower in 2021 than 2020. If I look back at the first half, it was £5,300,000,000 down from £5,900,000,000 in 2020. 2 things will be driving that reduction. One is the lower NatWest Markets income due to the exceptionally strong first half. And then secondly, so exceptionally strong first half In last year and obviously, the ongoing reshaping of the business. The second is the impact of the structural hedge, which was GBP 157,000,000 lower And versus H2 2020 was offset by strong volume growth in our retail and commercial kind of businesses. If I look to the second half of the year, for NatWest Markets, we have said we no longer expect the income to be €80,000,000 in these €800,000,000 to €1,000,000,000 range for 2021. I'll leave you to think about what the second half might look like. We are targeting lending growth, although together with fees and commissions, I would say Some of that growth ex Retail is very dependent upon our consumer and our corporate activity. And you remember There was a small nonrecurring fee in retail banking this quarter as well. For the hedge, the majority of the year on year decline is in the first half, that 1.57 It's probably another 90 to come through in the second half of the year. But if I think of the hedge from Q3 and Q4 versus the Q2, I wouldn't expect the hedge to be a driver of NIM in the second half. If I just move on to your RWAs now. So Just to be clear, Aman, what we've said is that we expect to be at or below the bottom end of the guided range on the 1st January, 2022. I think there's a number a couple of building blocks we should think about there. 1st, lending growth. We expect to grow above market rate, Excluding the government schemes, the mix of lending is obviously going to impact the RWAs. Secondly is pro cyclicality, Which today has been incredibly low, in fact, positive. And I think the timing or even where the extent to which it comes is still uncertain, We probably expect a little bit still to come through this year. And thirdly, of course, regulation. And you've clearly got a number of the numbers, but let me just Go through. So as we said before, we expect the PRA changes to increase our mortgage risk weights to around 15% on the 1st January 2022. If I look at the book growth to date and the positive procyclicality to date that we've seen, we would expect our mortgage RWAs to increase by around £15,000,000,000 equivalent to around 160 basis points of CET1. We're also expecting some other model changes Introduced on the 1st January, including things like the standard approach for counterparty credit risk, that will absorb about 50 basis points. And so if I look taking all of those together, including the remaining NatWest Markets RWA reduction, some of the improved economic outlook, That's where we get to this at or below in terms of the range of $185,000,000 to $195,000,000 Thanks, Aman. Thank you so much. Welcome. And the last question comes from the line of Fahed Kunwar at Redburn. Please go ahead. Your line is now open. Hi, Bert. Thanks for taking the question. Just one question. It was just on Slide 31, excellent slide. Thank you for Providing, yes. Just on the Basel III amendment and the grade less than 90 bps, can I give you more sense on the timing of that? I think obviously Lloyd's talked about A neutral effect on Basel from Basel III till 2028. The number is probably a bit higher than I thought it would be. Just a sense of how you think about that Kind of 90 bps impact from 2023. And does that mean, before 2023, you would look to hold more capital in the 13% to 14% kind of target range to compensate or to kind of plan for the 90 bps hit that you have from Basel III from 2023 onwards. Thank you. Thanks, Fahad. So 13% to 14%, it's obviously designed looking forward to all of these things. So we wouldn't look to hold anything back To cover it, it would be built in to make sure that we could make it. Look, I do think the timing is uncertain as to the timing and the way It comes through. We are working on a kind of 23 date at the moment, but I think we'll see how that continues to evolve in terms of that space. But Certainly not looking to hold that back and relatively small impact, less than 90 basis points when it eventually does come in. Thanks, Fahad. Thank you. And there are no more questions at this time. I'd now like to hand the call back to Alison for any closing comments. Thank you very much. Well, thank you so much for joining the call and for your questions. Clearly, a strong and resilient performance for the half year. Good progress on our strategy, which is executing well and on track for our targets and continuing investments To accelerate our digital transformation. Thank you very much and look forward to catching up with you again.