Welcome to the Redde Northgate results for FY 2022. I'm Martin Ward, Chief Executive, and joining me today is Philip Vincent, our CFO. I'll run through the agenda. First of all, I'll just give a general overview on the results. Philip's then gonna cover the financial review in detail. We'll come back to me then for a business update before we have a Q&A. After the Q&A, we intend to have a 10-minute break, and then Philip's gonna run a depreciation workshop for those that want to stay behind. Okay. Starting with slide five, please. This is an overview of our achievements. This year has been a strong operational performance against the backdrop of ongoing constraints in supply chains and recovery in activity from COVID-related lows.
Our actions have seen rental margins improve in Spain and in the U.K. and Ireland, driven by a combination of cost and efficiency gains, targeting preferred growth sectors and tightly managing inflationary pressures. It's been a year in which we have seen more take up of our broad integrated mobility platform services by new and existing customers, with a number of contracts won with major insurance brands and other new partners. To meet these new business wins and grow capacity, we have been forward investing in people, growing our car fleet, and developing our technology, which embeds our service delivery. There's been a lot of good work within the business functions to maximize the benefits from our central services such as HR, IT, and finance.
As an example, we have just commenced our Connect project in the group, which is the foundation of our digitalization plans, with phase one aiming to join up all the businesses on one common communication platform. We are taking a disciplined investment approach to our work locations in terms of improving our energy efficiency, waste management, and work environment, and at the same time finding ways to reduce our carbon footprint. The ongoing efforts from our colleagues are impressive in terms of the recognition and awards achieved this year, such as the Fleet News Rental Company of the Year winner, which is the first time any of our businesses has won this award, and two 2022 awards from Business Vans, winner for fleet management and best long-term rental provider.
Although we don't always get it right, we are consistently rated excellent by our customers through Trustpilot. We have also made good progress with our strategic mobility platform across the vehicle life cycle that appeals to both existing and new customers, and the substantial multiyear revenue synergy wins secured so far mark this strategy out as a clear success. We have been selective and disciplined in our M&A activities, either taking bolt-on growth opportunities to broaden our reach in existing markets or to extend the overall capabilities of the group. We are focused on maximizing these opportunities, and since the merger in February 2020, we have now added five businesses or asset purchases to the group.
My last point on this slide is the launch of our group purpose and values, which were formed post the merger, which was significant in our goal to ensure we are working as one team. We have sought to communicate our purpose and values clearly together with our strategic narrative and this connected with one of our highest scoring ratings on our recent employee customer feedback. Turn to the next slide. The results of these efforts was a very strong financial performance for the year. As you can see, key underlying metrics have seen strong progress across the board. The early visibility we had on trading allowed us to raise market expectations to over GBP 150 million PBT for the period.
Underlying revenues were up 24% to over GBP 1 billion, and PBT was up 62% to over GBP 151 million, which starts to reflect some of the success from our integrated platform, combined with our focus on cost control and managing inflation. ROCE has continued to improve with a 4.4 percentage point increase at 13.9% as we make better returns from the assets we own. Based on this performance, the board has recommended a final dividend of 15p, making the total dividend for the year of 21p, up 36% on the previous year. We have also made good progress on our share buyback announced in March this year, with circa GBP 20 million delivered to shareholders through this route as at the end of June.
We view both dividends and buybacks as appropriate routes to deliver shareholder returns, taking into account our capital allocation priorities. Next slide, please. Before handing over to Philip, I will just touch on some of our achievements since the merger just over two years ago. The delivery and execution of the merger has been successful, and this should be the last reporting period we specifically reference merger-related benefits. Going forward, we see the benefits of the merger being measured in the form of group operational efficiencies and customer wins on the integrated platform. It is worthy to note that the business has delivered on all the elements set out in late 2019 when discussing the strategic rationale of the merger. We now have a platform which delivers a broad suite of mobility solutions, which is attracting strong interest from a wide range of blue-chip and other customers.
Our integrated platform offers a compelling proposition with GBP 300 million of lifetime contract value al signed with five major insurance brands, and we have seen a significant uptake in customers taking up accident management services. We have delivered cost synergies of over GBP 20 million, which was twice the original target, and we have seen the benefit of the integrated platform deliver incremental revenues from existing customers who have deep and long-standing trusted relationships with Redde Northgate. This year's results highlight some of the significant achievements, both within the business operations and with our customers, which is testament to the hard work of all our colleagues in Spain, Ireland and the U.K. over the past year. I express my and the board's thanks for their tremendous efforts which have delivered these results.
These results also show that the combined business has built stronger resilience through a broad market offer, very different to the past, and with a substantially diverse customer base. Thank you. I now hand you over to Philip to cover the financial review.
Thank you, Martin, and good morning everyone. If we turn to page nine, I will start with an overview of the full year results. Martin, could you click over? Thank you. The second half of the year followed the strength we'd seen in the first half, and revenue, excluding vehicle sales, grew to just under GBP 1.1 billion, 24% higher than the prior year, driven by the recovery of Redde post-COVID. Total revenue, including vehicle sales, was GBP 1.24 billion, growing 12% year-on-year. Vehicle sales revenue of GBP 149.9 million was 35% lower as the continued restriction in new vehicle supply and strong rental demand have reduced the used vehicles available for sale.
The volume of vehicles sold was GBP 16,600, a 40% reduction on the prior year, which has been offset by high sales prices. Claims and services revenue was GBP 530.3 million, a 46% increase, with volumes exiting the year at approximately 90% of pre-COVID levels. Disposal profits were GBP 50.1 million. That's an increase of 25%, with PPUs increasing 106% as a result of the increasing sales price of used vehicles. Underlying profit before tax of GBP 151 million increased GBP 58 million or 62%. While we continue to benefit from the very strong used vehicle market, if we exclude all disposal profits from both periods, underlying profit before tax increased 91%, demonstrating the improvement in the underlying business. Underlying earnings per share was 50.8%.
That's a 64% increase over the prior year, in line with the increase in PBT. Return on capital employed increased 4.4 percentage points to 13.9% as a result of the strong growth in profits. The increase in the disposal profits accounted for 0.8% of this increase. Steady-state cash generation before growth CapEx was GBP 216.4 million, increasing 54%, benefiting from the tight control over cash spend and the underlying performance of the business. An investment in the owned Northgate and Redde fleets to meet demand increased GBP 128 million, and resulted in free cash flow reducing to GBP 12.3 million. Our net debt, excluding IFRS 16 of GBP 452.1 million, increased 3.2%. Now, if we turn to page ten.
This year I've included a waterfall chart which shows the growth of underlying PBT from GBP 93.2 million in FY 2021 to GBP 151.3 million this year. Now last year's underlying profit included GBP 40.2 million of disposals profit, and FY 2022 includes GBP 50.1 million. You can see the GBP 9.9 million increase in disposal profits in the center with the lower volumes at a higher sales price. Importantly, you can see that rental volume and rental margin combined contribute GBP 21.5 million increase in profits in the year, and the Redde volume and margin contribute GBP 27.9 million increase in the profits in the year. The improved underlying performance for the business in Northgate and Redde, not including disposals, is driving 85% of the increase in profits.
Now I'll talk through the headlines of the three operating segments. Let's start with Northgate U.K. and Ireland on page 11. Northgate U.K. and Ireland had a good year with vehicle hire revenue of GBP 346.6 million, growing 11.2% year-on-year. Closing VOH was flat year-on-year at 49,200, and average VOH was 6.1% higher than prior year. The average hire rate was 3.7% higher than prior year, with price increases applied carefully across the year. Minimum term contracts account for around 36% of VOH compared to 33% last year. The rental margin for the year was 15.3%, and this represents a 2.6 percentage points increase compared to the prior year.
The higher rental revenue and margin increased rental profit by 34% to GBP 53.1 million. Vehicle sales volumes of 10,400 were 34% lower than the prior year, and this reflects the fact that the prior year period benefited from additional used vehicle stock due to the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown at the end of FY 2020 and the restricted market supply of the new vehicles in the current period. 60% of our sales were through our e-auction platform. Residual values for vehicles have continued to be high, with the average profit per unit of 4,300 increasing at over 80% in the year. The increase in the sales value more than offset the reduction in the number of vehicles disposed, with disposal profits of GBP 44.8 million increasing just over 20%.
The higher rental and disposal profit resulted in underlying EBIT of GBP 98 million, a 28% increase over the prior year. As we enter FY 2023, we have continued to see strong rental margin and utilization has remained high, as have disposal PPUs. Now if we move on to page 12 to look at Northgate Spain, where underlying EBIT of GBP 43.9 million increased 30%. Higher revenues increased 7.3% to GBP 220.6 million on a constant exchange rate increased 12.8%. The average hire rate has increased 2.4% in local currency compared to last year, with price increases on new contracts applied in the period. The percentage of minimum term contracts at the end of the period was 36% in line with the prior year.
Rental margins increased 2.5 percentage points to 17.5%, with the prior year reflecting co-costs of customer support during COVID. The higher rental revenue and margin resulted in rental profit of GBP 38.6 million, an increase of 25.5%, and a total of 6,100 vehicles were sold in the period, 47.4% lower than prior year due to the restricted market supply of new vehicles. Sales through our digital e-auction platform were 39% compared to 24% in the prior year. The disposal market in Spain has also continued its strength, with a profit per unit increasing over 200% since last year, and disposal profits of GBP 5.3 million increasing from GBP 2.9 million. EBIT of GBP 43.9 million was 30.2% higher.
As we enter FY 2023, we've continued to see strong rental margin and utilization and disposal PPUs remain high. Now if you turn to page 13, we're gonna look at Redde . Volumes have steadily increased, reaching around 90% of pre-COVID levels. We'll stop making comparison to pre-COVID volumes in FY 2023 as other factors such as the new contract wins become more significant. Revenue was GBP 543.7 million, which was a 46% increase on the prior year due to the volumes of traffic increasing. Hire length has also extended during the year due to the impact of macro challenges in the supply chain for parts. EBIT for the year was GBP 35.6 million, a substantial increase on the prior year, reflecting the higher traffic volumes and as expected, FMG RS now profit enhancing.
Redde also made investment into processes and systems for the new contract wins that will benefit future periods from FY 2023. Debtor days were at 159 at the end of the period. That's 20 days lower than prior year. We expect Redde 's contribution to grow in FY 2023 due to a full year of normalized run rate of traffic volumes, as well as the new business wins. Now if we turn to slide 14 and have a look at cash flow and CapEx. Steady-state cash generation of GBP 216.4 million was strong and GBP 76.3 million higher than the prior year, driven by the growth in the underlying performance of the business. EBITDA of GBP 366.7 million was GBP 64.4 million higher than the prior year, with good growth in each business.
A net replacement CapEx of GBP 106.7 million was in line with the prior year and continues to benefit from tight controls over the acquisition of new vehicles and high residual values. Working capital, including non-cash items, was a GBP 33.5 million outflow due to the reversal of COVID payment deferrals and the impact of increasing Redde volumes. Growth CapEx of GBP 108.6 million reflects the growth in the fleet to meet rental demand, predominantly in Spain and growing the Redde fleet to meet the increasing volumes and was GBP 127.7 million higher than prior year. Free cash flow was GBP 12.3 million, a GBP 85.5 million reduction on the prior year, reflecting the investment for growth, as well as 7.5 million shares purchased as part of our buyback program.
Now if we turn to slide 15. As we enter FY 2023, the business has a strong financial platform on which to grow. We continue to operate with very comfortable headroom on all of our covenants, and year-end leverage is 1.4 x compared to 1.5x last year, with our policy remaining to manage our leverage within the 1x-2x range. I updated you about our very successful refinancing of our borrowing facilities at the half year. As a reminder, we raised GBP 792 million of facilities that increased our headroom by GBP 104 million. This included a new private placement loan notes of EUR 375 million with six, eight, and 10-year terms at a weighted average fixed coupon of 1.32%.
That's a 106 basis points reduction compared to the previous coupon. In addition, we renewed our RCF facility for four years at GBP 475 million. Not only did the refinancing increase the overall facilities and reduce overall cost of drawn debt by 50 basis points, it also significantly lengthened the maturities and provide a greater diversification of the sources and of our lenders. Our drawn borrowing facilities at the year-end were GBP 426 million, with GBP 382 million of headroom against our facilities at a borrowing cost of 1.9%. The increase in the amount of fixed rate loan notes means that the total proportion of our group borrowings at the year end in fixed rate instruments was 76%. That's up from 28% at the prior year end.
This is obviously very helpful where we're operating in an environment of rising interest rates. The refinancing and the resulting lower cost of borrowings makes it harder for contract hire to compete on interest costs, but it has continued to develop as a source of additional funding in the U.K. with 10,800 vehicles on contract hire across the whole fleet, almost double that of last year, and utilizing GBP 155 million of credit lines. Now, our objective is to employ a disciplined approach to investment to deliver some sustainable compounding growth. We've continued to invest in organic growth with investment in growth CapEx, charging infrastructure and investment in our branches. We continue to pay a sustainable growing dividend in line with our policy, and we have made three acquisitions during the year and another after the year-end.
Having completed the above and with adequate headroom on our facilities, the board launched a GBP 30 million buyback program in February of this year, as we believe it represents a good use of funds and generates a strong return for our stakeholders. As at the end of June, we'd purchased 5.4 million shares for a total consideration of GBP 20.6 million. At the end of this program, the board will keep buybacks under review. The board is proposing a final dividend of 15%, which will result in a full-year dividend of 21%, 36% growth on the prior year. Now, if we turn to page 16, I'll update you on our fleet depreciation rates. We've been operating in unprecedented times since the merger.
We've witnessed a global pandemic that disrupted supply chains and production around the world, alongside a global chip shortage and most recently, the war in Ukraine. All of these factors combined have resulted in a significant impact on the supply of new vehicles across Europe. As a consequence of this, residual values of vehicles have increased substantially through the year. While residual values have now stopped increasing, they're not expected to revert to normal levels for the next couple of years. The consequences of this are that the vehicles in our fleet today that were purchased earliest are now over-depreciated. They have a depreciated book values that are close to or below the expected sales value at disposal. Accounting standards require that depreciation rates are reviewed at least annually, and are set so that neither a profit or loss is made on disposal of an asset.
After discussions with our auditors, we've concluded that in line with accounting standards, we will reduce depreciation rates from May 2022, and this will only affect vehicles on the fleet purchased in FY 2020 or earlier. This depreciation rate does not impact cash. It only impacts the timing of statutory profits in relation to these vehicles over their remaining holding period, and does not impact the total profit of these vehicles over this period. Now, to ensure the performance of the business is transparent to all our stakeholders, we will be reporting the impact of the rate change outside of our underlying results, and it will only impact statutory results. There's gonna be no impact on underlying PBT and there'll be no impact on cash. Now, the reduced depreciation cost resulting from lower depreciation rates on FY 2020 and earlier vehicles delivers an increase to the statutory PBT.
Now, the estimated impact in FY 2023 is GBP 46.8 million. There's no impact on FY 2022, as the adjustment is only being made from May of this year. As a result of the change in the depreciation rate, the statutory depreciation charge in the next four years is going to be lower by a cumulative GBP 94 million. Consequently, the profits of these vehicles over the next five years will be lower by GBP 94 million. Now, these calculations are based on the estimated fleet plan and will vary based on when vehicles are sold, which is partly dependent on when we receive new vehicles. Now, for those of you wanting to understand this depreciation rate change in more detail, after a 10-minute break of the first part of the presentation, I'll talk you through a worked example and explain how we arrived at our depreciation rates.
I'll also go through the disclosure of the impact on our FY23 numbers and what that will look like. Thank you. I'll now hand back to Martin for the business update.
Thank you, Philip. Thank you for that. Okay. Let's take a look at the market. Let's have an overview of the market. What are we seeing? Market commentators are forecasting a tougher economic environment over the coming period, which will undoubtedly bring potential challenges to many businesses. Fundamentally, our market proposition is the mobility of people and goods, which is the oldest principle of trade. No matter what the economic climate, this principle holds true, and our role in the market is to make sure our partners and customers can do this with flexibility when they need that mobility. The shift from ownership to rental provides this flexibility, and in tough times, even more so. I believe we have put ourselves in the best position to support customers during any probable economic downturn, delivering mobility products and services in a flexible and efficient way.
I am confident that the depth and experience of the management team that also navigated through a tough COVID period and produced significant cash growth will be very relevant in any period of economic stress. As Philip highlighted, we completed our refinancing and extended our maturities and lowered our financing costs with circa 76% of our borrowing on fixed terms. We have carefully managed inflationary pricing improvements over the past year and would expect to continue to manage these responsibly as we go forward.
Our customers recognize the inflationary challenges the market pose, and while no one welcomes high inflation and what that means, we have strong relationships with our customers, which have supported price movements as the costs of goods and services have increased. As we look at traffic on the roads, we anticipated last year that overall traffic levels in the period were likely to be lower than in 2019, mainly due to homeworking and changing work patterns, and this has been the case. However, in absolute terms, our new customer contracts, present and yet to commence, will deliver volume growth through the financial year. We have now added more than GBP 300 million in lifetime contract revenue in the past 12 months alone, with a good pipeline of new opportunities ahead.
The UK vehicle supply outlook has continued to present challenges, which means demand for vehicles is high. If you look at the chart on the top right, the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders forecast a shortfall of 1.7 million vehicles through to December 2022, which in turn creates increased demand for used vehicles. We should anticipate there will be a softening in the wider economy through consumer cutbacks on large ticket items like car purchases, taking into account preexisting orders yet to be filled, which might bring some relief to supply in 2023. This will still be dependent on semiconductor and car parts supply chains recovering.
If we look at the chart on the bottom right from BCA, we can see used vehicle pricing has been strong through the period but has come off from the peak seen during the early part of the calendar year and from the peak period in autumn for cars. Although we have seen some softening in vehicle values, current used pricing remains relatively strong compared to historic values. We have anticipated values will gradually fall as the year progresses, but this is likely to be moderated by reduced used vehicle availability. As we have said before, we anticipate a lower volume of de-fleets in this current period due to strong rental demand.
Across the U.K., Ireland and Spain, we are currently securing new supply at around 40%-50% of what we would typically see, which makes retaining fleet to service demand a priority to support our customer base. Finally on this slide, within the business, we are very focused on managing and mitigating our own inflationary pressures while also recognizing the cost of living increases and the highest impact this has for our lower paid colleagues. This year, we structured our pay awards so that our lowest paid colleagues received the highest percentage increases across the workforce, which materially stepped up their incomes. To attract new recruits, we increased the minimum starting salaries at the entry level. This has had a very positive impact on those within the business, as well as increasing new application rates. If we turn to the next slide.
This should be a familiar slide to you all, but it's a useful reminder of how many services and customer touchpoints we have across the vehicle life cycle. Each of them can work independently of the others as the services are vertically provided by our business units. An increasing number of customers and partners are seeing the benefit to taking a fuller suite of services for cost and operational efficiency, which supports the customer journey. Let me be clear on this point. This platform is unique in its product and service combination. There is no other provider offering all of the solutions in one place or with the ability to integrate these services along the vehicle life cycle. It's this platform which is driving customer wins and upselling services to existing customers, and it's this platform which is transformative in addressing our markets.
We are planning to digitize all elements of this platform over time, albeit we have already developed and embedded some of the new platform technology in our customer systems. This represents strong and resilient position that should lead to long-term relationships, and supporting this is a strong level of win conversions which we are seeing, which is very exciting. Okay, next slide, please. Thank you. Look at our customers, and we have a broad range of customers and partners, many with long-standing relationships built on trust and delivering valued services. These customers and partners are drawn from a variety of organizations, which amplifies the diverse nature of our revenues. This includes government and local authorities, leading motor insurers and brokers, dealerships, large fleet operators, lease companies and SMEs. This growing customer base brings with it demand for services and rental supply.
As I mentioned earlier, we are seeing a reasonable proportion of new supply coming through, and we can continue to grow that as fleet becomes available. Currently, anything coming off rent in the fleet, for whatever reason, is quickly snapped up by a customer or sold. Given this dynamic, we are encouraged that our depth and breadth of market cover gives us significant flexibility and good potential to thrive in difficult times. Okay, if we look at slide 21. Our platform, why do customers choose our platform? Well, there's a multitude of reasons, but mainly they find benefit in joining up the services they need from one provider who handles all the mobility for them. This reduces cost, improves efficiency, and more importantly, it is joined up. We added a further services platform this year with EV consulting expertise and advice.
Our Drive to Zero program offers help and practical support on owning and running an EV or a hybrid fleet. Where required, we are providing EV charging point installation through our own Charge EV business, which can offer a broad range of options not tied to any manufacturer. As I highlighted earlier, we are increasingly bringing our newest product suite to the market digitally. Our FMG Connect portal and Northgate Fleet Management app are examples of how we connect with customers with real-time reporting for governance, risk and audit checks to live claims, incident handling, record keeping, data capture, fleet reporting and training, all of which reduces the operational cost and friction, which comes with having multiple service providers across all the touchpoints, offering the benefits normally reserved for large fleets to all fleets. If we turn the page, we can look at some case studies.
The market driver from mobility platform are best expressed through understanding two recent customer wins. On the left side is a leading insurance brand who historically had a single product service with Redde many years ago before going to a rival. They returned to us after the merger as the benefits of working on the mobility platform were very clear. This partner has taken a wider suite of products across the platform, delivered through a newly built technology system, which is embedded into their own systems. This integrates the customer journey as they move across the platform with limited touch points and handoffs, ensuring a seamless effort on service delivery. This is a significant customer development which has not been system integrated at this level previously and has the scope to develop even further. The launch is going live shortly, with revenue benefits commencing in the coming months.
On the right-hand side, a new Northgate Fleet customer, which is becoming a typical story. Currently, with a fleet of 30 vehicles provided by 10+ different suppliers and looking to expand to 70 vehicles. The attraction of consolidation, bringing lower cost support across all vehicle makes with full service maintenance, repair and replacement, together with accident management, was a compelling choice. We also added consulting support for their EV transition plan with new EV vehicle supply options, EV charging installation delivered through our Charge EV business and green energy sourcing options. This package of support and service proposition is unique and compelling. We are not a one-touch renter of vehicles. This shows how we can help businesses easily manage their fleet end-to-end with flexibility and choice and support their transition to EV.
It's this one-stop service which makes this a strong proposition, and our account teams are buoyed by the strength and depth of these services, which is supporting increased conversions. Okay, next slide. On acquisitions. Acquisitions have and will continue to play an important role in our growth strategy under our broadened pillar. We are a consolidator in our markets, and our balance sheet strength means we are one of the first calls people make when looking to dispose of a business in our sectors. We have a disciplined approach to reviewing M&A and look for the right opportunities that either have strategic benefits, extend our capabilities or consolidate for growth. Given our wide platform and increasing appeal to grow services in addressable markets, there are a number of motivations for judging M&A opportunities. The three actions we took in 2022 are good examples of the different rationale.
Early in the financial year, we acquired a parcel of 2,000 vehicles and related customer contracts, which at the time of severe supply constraint, was a useful addition to our fleet. Although of a different scale to the nationwide acquisition of the previous year, the purchase of Charge EV was also strategically significant as it helped accelerate our position and capabilities in the supply and installation of EV charging points, a growing marketplace which supports not only our own transition, but the wider EV market. In March this year, we acquired a very interesting specialist business called GRG, which provides call handling and vehicle recovery services to a number of police authorities. This acquisition was highly complementary to our FMG business, with several long-term contracts with local police authorities in place.
In the last few days, too late to make the cut for these slides, we completed the acquisition of Blakedale, which is a leader in the supply of specialist traffic management vehicles to highway contractors, which added circa 320 traffic management vehicles to the fleet, and we welcome 65 new colleagues to the group. This acquisition extends our reach and capabilities with highways infrastructure build and maintenance operators who are set to benefit from long-term government spending commitments. Okay, slide 24. Our EV transition. The transition to electric vehicles or non-ICE solutions is set to be a fundamental structural shift for many customers with their fleet over the next decade. In some instances, we are working with newer OEMs to suitably scope EV vehicles, which would be more widely accepted by customers.
We're also working with our trade body to ensure that government clearly understand the requirements of supporting EV fleets, particularly vans, and the different usage requirements they have. We have also invested and continue to invest in rolling out EV charging stations across our entire branch network, which will support the growing take-up of EVs that we handle through the business. EV and hybrid cars have been a part of the fleet for many years and have continued to reflect the car park. Our EV and hybrid stock now represents 11% of our car fleet, and this is expected to grow in line with demand. We have also ensured our workshops and trained technicians are well-positioned to cope with the growth in EV-related work, as the training program to accredited standards continues to be rolled out across the technical workforce.
For Redde Northgate, it's a great opportunity to work with our customers and support them in this transition. It's not just about supplying the vehicle itself. There are many considerations, and our account teams and service professionals are well-placed to support our customers with in-house skills and expertise. Presently, product technology and the lack of national charging infrastructure investment are major impediments to being able to make meaningful progress on the mainstream take-up of EV vehicles for van fleets. This is likely to take time to change over the medium term. However, we are supporting change now with those customers that want to move forward, and we are well positioned to continue to support this change over time. Our Charge EV business has now installed over 6,000 charging stations for our customers and will continue to support demand in line with customer take-up.
Meanwhile, interest from our fleet customers on using our consulting advice and guidance as to how to best position approach to EVs over the coming three to five years is growing. As I highlighted in the case study, our Drive to Zero support and advice for customers looking to reduce their carbon emissions in their fleet is yet another example of value-added services from our platform. If we look at our sustainability journey on the next slide, the move to non-ICE vehicles is also part of our own Net Zero journey. Our Scope 3 emissions, so those from our customers, are estimated to make up over 95% of our total carbon footprint. We think of this transition as a strategic imperative and one which will define our own Net Zero trajectory and interim targets.
Technology and regulatory developments will shape the timetable of much of our own progress, and the roadmap for vans shows there needs to be a significant shift in battery technology to support commercial usage to become mainstream. However, we know that billions is being spent in battery technology, and over time, this will improve the capabilities and range suitable for commercial use. The question for the U.K. is, will this be in time to make a difference before 2030? We have therefore been very focused on what we can directly affect now within our business and within our people and communities. Over the past year, we've been growing a deeper understanding of our material ESG issues to address, combining this with a clearer view of our carbon footprint.
We are now in a position to set realistic targets that can be measured and reported upon, encouraging behavioral investment to help reduce the resources we consume. It's carved into all our management objectives, and we seek to show good progress on this. Equally important, focus on how we support our people through the ESG strategy and attract and retain the skills and talent we need for the future. Alongside this, we are very focused on ensuring our benefits and career development is well aligned with our purpose and values, and we have ensured that these are made part of the colleague discussion from day one. We are building a business which is centered on being trusted by our customers and partners and to manage their everyday mobility services and to make this easy.
We're also building a business and culture which is trusted by our colleagues to behave responsibly and to be a great place to work. If we look at the next slide, I just want to cover a bit on resilience in our business model. I said it earlier, the combination that Redde Northgate provides is unique and transformative. Our mobility platform is supporting a new level of resilience. Our position is strong, but we are realistic enough to know we're not going to win everything we touch. However, the structural drivers supporting our position are favorable. Rental over ownership and a new wave of outsourcing is a positive. We have a unique position which is winning blue-chip customers and long-term contracts.
As I said, our customer base is diverse and resilient, not just the large customers, but those who rely on their vehicles every day to support making a living. They are resilient. Our pipeline of future organic opportunities is good, and with strong conversion rates, we should expect more progress on customer wins. Our view on an inorganic growth with a strong balance sheet and financial strength drives further ambition. There is confidence in the team that our resilience for our business model on this platform is stronger than either business standalone. Okay, and finally, before Q&A's, just our view on the outlook. The new financial year has started very well with good levels of volumes and activity across the group. Some of the new pipeline is coming from businesses that have not outsourced previously, now looking to move out of house.
Which is encouraging us that there is more opportunity to pursue in this economic climate. The integrated mobility platform is winning deals and embedded technology being part of it offers long-term integration benefits and resilience with customers and partners. The challenges of supply constraints are being managed well. Our fleet team have strong relationships in the market and are securing deals when these become available. Inflation costs are being managed with customers as we are proactive on this. We are mindful of the economic uncertainty, and that's at the forefront of people's minds and the uncertainty that brings. I'm sure it will bring challenges, but I am confident that Redde Northgate can deliver long-term sustainable value. Thank you for listening. I hope the points were clear, and we'll now take questions. Is the microphone gonna come round?
I saw David's hand up first, so I'll go with David. David?
Morning. Hi, it's David Larkam from Numis. Can I ask, so two question areas. The first one on the contract wins, which is clearly impressive. Can you just talk about the win rate there? And you know, to what extent you've lost any and reasons why you may have lost any. How the pipeline looks, and also the sort of profitability life cycle. So how long does it take for these contracts to become profitable? That was the first question area. Sorry, several in there. Maybe I'll do the second one after.
Okay, David, on the win rates, the conversions up over 75% of what we see. We assess, you know, if a customer or prospect is in the market or whether they're just sort of gathering market intelligence, but it's over 75%. That's been a demonstrable increase over the historical position for the business. On the pipeline, I mean, we are seeing across. As I said, across the platform, we're seeing different customers come into the market with opportunities. Not just insurance companies, but other companies as well that would've handled their mobility in-house. It is strong. As I said in my presentation, we do expect to see other opportunities convert this year as well. In terms of profitability, I mean, the life cycle of some of the bigger wins, we would be investing.
If we're successful on those, we tend to forward invest. We have to bring people on and train them, and then we sort of spread those out throughout the group to provide the services. If it requires vehicles, we have to acquire vehicles in advance because generally these are big bang switchovers. We've got people in advance trained, vehicles in advance ready on the fleet, and obviously investment in the technology platforms that we deliver with the customer. We expense that as we go along, and then the revenue follows. The way we model them, they are profitable accounts, of course, 'cause we wouldn't take them on. Of course, once they come on board, then we get the monthly revenues, the monthly volumes build up, but it's a big bang.
You get 1/12 of the expected volumes in month one.
Okay. Thanks. The second question was just in terms of getting hold of new fleet. Can you just talk about sort of what you're seeing in terms of OEM cost inflation? Is there anything you can do to mitigate it or get hold of more fleet than currently available?
Yeah, getting hold of fleet. Yeah, I'd said, you know, we're securing about 40%-50% of what we would typically see. You know, the environment is a strange environment because I don't think the OEMs know exactly what their supply chain looks like at any one given time, given the challenges that they have. But where we do secure that fleet, we look at the relative holding costs because when we bring a vehicle onto the books, it's the holding cost of that vehicle and how we therefore price that out into the market. Whilst there have been increases in the absolute cost of a vehicle, it's moderated through the holding cost. What we look to do is pass on the holding costs increases if there are holding cost increases to the customers.
The lifetime of that vehicle will have a value, and as Philip would go into more detail in depreciation. Clearly, used values being strong, you have to take a view on where that will land. Greg was next with his hand up. Sorry, I'll just go in that order. Thanks.
Thanks. Just a few from me. On Redde, could you talk about the medium-term profit potential for that business, in the context of it now looks like 90% of pre-COVID levels, that's like the new norm. You've obviously layered on FMG RS and the new business wins onto that. Where does that leave you, on a medium-term view? Just on the M&A, with ZIGUP being a mobility solutions platform, is there any key areas that you wish to add in over the next 12 months that you haven't got already?
Okay. On the first question, Greg, around the sort of profitability for Redde . Obviously in these results, it's still a recovery out of COVID. As we say, the absolute volumes for the business will grow, and historically, the profitability was around 8%-9% EBIT margin. We should expect to get to 8%-9% EBIT margin as the business sort of normalizes. That's the sort of level of profitability that we would expect to see. On M&A activity and across the platform, you know, our platform is broad. You know, providing service across our platform. Our. I wouldn't say there's a complete white spaces, but what I would say is that there are other addressable markets that we could enter that are quite significant. You know, we're a strong B2B provider.
We provide a lot of B2C services. If you think of our insurance base, we're providing services directly to policy holders, so it's almost like a B2C delivery on behalf of our partners. We do see other addressable markets where we could potentially grow the mobility solution. We've got quite a bit to digest here coming through. We're comfortable with what we've got coming through and how we will bring that on. We've got ambitions as well to continue to grow this. Whether it's over the next 12 months, we continue to look at those spaces. They're not ripe, but we continue to look at the spaces to see what is the art of the possible.
Thanks.
Sorry, yeah. I'll come over here, Mike, first. Sorry. Yep. No, no. Just behind you.
Andrew.
Yeah. To Andrew. Sorry, Mike was waving. Mike's next.
Andrew Nussey from Peel Hunt. Couple of modeling questions for Philip. If we look at the Northgate U.K., obviously VOH, opening VOH and closing VOH was largely unaltered, but the average up over the period. Was there anything particularly moving around the period ends in terms of what we should take forward for this year? Secondly, in terms of margin, obviously sort of indicating the 15% aspiration, but in the first half, second half of 2022, there was quite a big movement. Was there anything in the second half margin that we should be aware of? Actually the third question, in terms of Spain where competitor pressures obviously have historically been very high, I sense they've probably eased because of the market environment.
Just what your thoughts might be over the medium term if things might get more competitive as normalization comes through?
Okay, why don't I take the first two, and I'll let Martin answer the third. On U.K. VOH. As you know, in the U.K., we have slightly more seasonality than we do in Spain. We do have a peak in the U.K. just before Christmas. It generally drops off slightly as we move to January and February, and we would normally defleet some of those vehicles. What we've been doing this year, clearly managing the fleet very carefully due to the restricted supply. When vehicles have been coming back, those that do need to be defleeted are defleeted. Those that don't need to be defleeted, we've been pushing to customers, and we've been very selective about where we push those to.
We're consciously effectively rotating the fleet from lower margin customers to higher margin customers over time, which is enhancing our margin. I think the other thing I'd say just on margin, we have said 15% is probably sustainable in the long term. I think at the interims, we spoke about the fact it isn't equal in H1 and H2. Generally in H2, in the U.K. specifically, we do tend a slight dip in the margin. It's slightly lower than the first half, and that's due to the number of rentable days we have in the U.K., 'cause we rent per day in the U.K. rather than per month as we do in Spain. That causes a slight dip mathematically in the month of February, which brings it down slightly.
On your third question, Andrew, in Spain. Yeah. I mean, I think actors are acting rationally in Spain. There is a shortage of supply. Demand for the vehicles is very high, but it's also the proposition of the workshops and the body shops, you know, in part to that proposition. Historically, you've seen operators sort of undercutting on rates and which is driving down and negotiating away margin. That's not the case now. I think operators, fleet operators are looking for that combined service where they get more integration with the workshop and the body shop side of things to reduce costs. But as I say, I think the overriding factor is that vehicle supply is tight and therefore customers will work with companies that can secure that supply. Mike.
There we go.
Morning. It's Mike Allen from Zeus Capital. Two from me for May. Just on Spain, EV stock you said was about 11%. I'm assuming that's a group level. I'm assuming the EV stock as a percentage of fleet in Spain is lower than the group average. Just wondered if it is lower, roughly how much it is and whether the EV take-up in Spain might be slower or quicker than the U.K.. The second question is just in terms of the supply chain and LCV, clearly impacted as we've seen in the car markets as well. Are we seeing EV vans being favored over diesel, so the kind of fuel mix of supply that's coming through as well, please?
Okay, Mike. I'm happy to take those, yeah.
Okay. Yeah.
The 11% car fleet is across our car fleet. Effectively, that's 11%. You know, last year, we gave a measure against the U.K. car park. I think we're slightly ahead of the U.K. car park in our EV, so we are seeing more EV packages of supply coming through and available to us. But don't forget, we've always said we will sit behind demand because we won't speculatively take EV on the fleet. It's gotta be demand led from the customers. We're ahead of where the car park is in the car side. On the van side, as I mentioned in the presentation, you know, there is limited real world availability of vans that can do a proper commercial job.
There is EV vans coming on the fleet, and we will be ahead of the car park when you measure that as well. They are limited to how you can use them and which operators would use them. We, as I say, are building that. The question on Spain as well is, you know, Spain's got a slightly different timescale to the U.K. It was brought forward last Tuesday, so E.U. regulators are bringing forward the 2040 transition to 2035, and then the individual European countries will have to put that into policy, which we expect to be in autumn this year. That won't align them with the U.K., but it will make its transition brought forward to 2035.
The uptake of EV in Spain is slower than the U.K. just because of that difference in timeline. What I would say is that the team there are very focused on that transition as well. They are encouraging, with that support of services, to engage with customers, to get the plans in early and to develop that. We are seeing some good signs of customers engaging on that front. The second question on the supply chain, I was gonna say, are they favoring EV over diesel? I would say manufacturers are favoring prestige marks and higher-margin vehicles over anything here. If the semiconductors, you know, the automotive industry canceled a lot of semiconductor deals during COVID.
Yeah.
Automotive industry is only a small bit player in semiconductors in the global stage. Actually getting back on supply is difficult. Where they have got supply, they're putting them in the very high-margin vehicles. We couldn't say there's a differentiator between electric van over diesel van. What we would say is that you know what we want to do is support customers understanding their transition and the timing for that transition. You know where diesel vans are coming off production and being secured, we will secure them. Equally what we're seeing is we're introducing more parcels of EV into parts of the fleet so customers can see how these operate in their fleets.
We've got good examples of one customer, just to share an anecdotal story, who said, "Right, you know, I wanna, you know, make a change for the environment. I want all my fleet to be EV next week." We said, "Yeah, fine. We can have a look at this." We evaluated the fleet. You'd have to double the fleet to do the same amount of work as a commercial fleet today. We moderated that, but we put five EV vehicles in with the customer so that they could get on that journey straight away. There is some demand there, and we want to sort of meet that demand. It is a transition story which we were behind, and we will see more progress in that as the time goes by.
That's great. Thank you.
Thank you, Mike.
Mm-hmm.
Hi. Sorry to steal in.
Oh, sorry. Yeah
stolen the mic.
Sorry.
David Farrell from Jefferies. A couple of questions. If we go back to 2008, 2009, the last recession, could you kinda give us an idea of what the split of end customer was back then, and maybe how it's transitioned over the intervening years? Then my second question was, and clearly you're having difficulty getting the supply that you want in terms of new vehicles. Your competitors are probably struggling even more. They're also probably facing higher interest rate charges going forward 'cause they probably haven't taken the same benefit in terms of refinancing. Do you see kind of actually quite a few opportunities opening up over the next 12 months of buying distressed assets?
Thanks, David. Sorry, did you wanna take the first question and I'll-
Well, I can take it on the Northgate side, if that's helpful.
Yeah, go on and I'll.
My understanding was back in 2008, and I look around the room, there may be some people who have been here longer than I have and can probably answer it better, like Andrew. It was much more skewed to construction, particularly in Spain, for example. I think it was probably approaching near a half, whereas it's about a fifth of our customer base is kinda construction in both. I think the fundamental shift on the Northgate side, on the rental side, is we've got a much more varied customer base than we've had historically and certainly back in 2008 and 2009. Also just the scale of customers is different from very large to very small.
What we've got very broad now, infrastructure, highways maintenance, et cetera, you know, which generally through a downturn fared very well. It is a different customer base from that which it was previously.
On Redde , it's a broader customer base with the inclusion of the FMG business, which is sort of acquired since 2008, 2009. We've got the government, police authorities, local authorities, LeaseCos. What I would generally say is that I was on the board during that period. What you see is that you might see a softening of discretionary journeys, so not taking the family to the seaside when, you know, there's a recession, petrol costs. That discretionary journey might not happen on a Sunday, but the essential journeys absolutely happen, so cars for work, cars for trade, vehicles for trade. You only get a very slight softening in a recession. That said, the customer base now is so much broader in terms of what we're seeing.
We expect that to be smoothed out in the noise. Okay.
Sorry, just around the M&A.
M&A. Yeah. Would we see distressed assets on M&A? Potentially. I mean, you know, if you've got smaller operators operating parts of the platform, whether that's rental, whether that's repairs, you could see some distress in there because being able to keep the business model operating, I think you have to have scale. In the last 12 months, we have seen assets that have been brought to the table, as I said in our presentation. You know, we're very discerning in terms of what we're prepared to take and the reasons for that. Yes, we should expect to see more availability of assets coming to the table. We want quality. We're not bottom fishers. We want quality assets that add to our strategic story or add to consolidation, but give us quality. That's the key thing for us. Yeah. Sorry. Joe.
Hi. James Paddison from Berenberg here. Just one question on the debtor days, which you said came down by 20 days, I believe. What's driving that reduction overall, given that I saw contract assets also increasing?
Yeah, I mean, so we've got overall working capital increasing by rental volumes growing, and obviously that grows our working capital as the business grows. The debtor days is coming down. It's a mathematical calculation as you know debtor days. We're coming back to a more normalized turnover level. As the turnover level goes, turnover grows year on year. It's a rolling 12-month calculation. As that grows, you do get a benefit in your debtor days calculation. The fundamental cash collection isn't really changing. It's actually a calculation of in terms of the methodology that's driving that reduction primarily.
Thank you.
Thank you. Joe Spooner from HSBC. When you look at the Northgate fleet now, I think it extended the average age by another four months. You're gonna manage that fleet again this year, in light of the supply chain issues. How much further do you think that age, that fleet will age? What level is it now, and where do you think it will get to by the end of the year? Just a second question. I think the statement talked about some IT work that you've got planned. Can you just give some details about how extensive that potentially could be? Thanks.
Did you wanna deal with the age question for Joe?
Yeah, I mean, the aging has increased slightly, both, as you say, Joe, and we disclosed that in the RNS, both on the UK fleet and the Spanish fleet. You know, we carefully watch that. As vehicles come back in, we assess whether they stay on the fleet or they have to be defleeted because they're damaged, and we don't think it's worth repairing them. We're weighing up the cost of continuing to maintain that fleet 'cause clearly a vehicle that's aged slightly more will actually cost slightly more in servicing and maintenance. We look at that whole equation in line with the total holding cost of the vehicle to assess whether it stays on the fleet or not.
As to what the aging will look like at the end of the year, it's hard to tell. It all depends on vehicle supply, which we just don't have a crystal ball at the moment, and it's really hard to really have a view as to how many vehicles we're gonna get hold of this year. You know, we are taking it month by month, and it's difficult to get visibility from the OEM at the moment. Probably something we'll have to update you on at the half years to where we're likely to land, to be honest, Joe.
Okay. Just to deal with the IT spend. You know, technology projects that we have on the go in the business. You know, some of those are supporting the customer wins that we have where we're specifically building and reusing some of the technology to embed into their systems. That's ongoing expense as we go along. The bigger step back from that is about digitizing all of the platform, and our phase one with our Project Connect was about putting all the businesses onto a common platform for communication. The vision here for this is that all our businesses that operate in the verticals are market leaders in terms of what they do.
Getting consents from customers to be able to share that data across the platform to effectively then, if somebody's coming on and taking a suite of products across the life cycle, that we have the relevant consents to use the data to be able to share that across our businesses and provide our services on a sort of a blockchain basis. The digitization program for that is a medium-term program. As I say, we're dealing with it in phases. We're generally expensing as we go along on each of the phases that we're doing. There's no sort of one big bang, so bits of technology are being added in, but the platforms themselves are just being used as the foundation blocks to build that.
Then we'll get to a point where we'll have shared data across all the systems, consents to use it, and then whatever user face customers want to come into the business, the group from. They can do that, but all the data is available for us to provide those services digitally. Okay. We still going, Joe? No? Yep. Are we still going?
Yes.
One last one there, James?
Annabel.
Actually just had a follow-up on the total cost of ownership. It's clearly lower than it was in pre-COVID levels for older vehicles, but re your comment on higher purchase prices for new vehicles, for those vehicles, how should we think about it versus pre-COVID levels?
I think as Martin said, it's the total holding costs. You've got to look at what's happening to your purchase price versus the residual values, and they are still very high. While we're saying they've peaked, and you saw the graph, they're beginning to come off. You know, our best guess would be they'd probably come down to pre-COVID levels in two or three years' time. When you're defleeting those vehicles, you're still looking into a higher potential residual value price. That total holding cost isn't necessarily moving fundamentally. Not only that, we're selective. You know, we're buying probably a wider variety of vehicles from different OEMs than we've purchased historically as well because of the restricted supply.
It gives us a wider field to play in selecting the vehicles we want and also then using a little bit more competition to decide which vehicles you want to go for, which helps with prices and negotiations as well. Then Annabel.
Okay. Sorry, Annabel? Yeah. One last question from Annabel. Thank you.
It's like a chat, isn't it?
Yeah. It's just coming.
Thank you. I know I'm between, it's me and the depreciation workshop, so I'll be quick. Just one question. Just on the Charge EV side, I know it's still quite sort of nascent within the group, but could you sort of-
Sort of build out a little bit of a picture of what a customer engagement looks like today, where it could be as part of the group, and where your sort of risk is in the process in terms of input costs and what.
Sure.
What it looks like.
Yeah. Okay, Annabel Polsinelli. I mean, what it looks like today is that we have a number of partners that would refer customers to us, so whether they be leasing companies or dealerships, where they would ask us as part of the package of an individual supply to put charging points in for the customers as part of that referral. We also have direct to consumer marketing as well, so where we would get leads from our websites and our marketing activities, where a customer would come and ask for a solution to be installed.
Thirdly, we have our own sort of business customers from within the sort of the Northgate and Redde businesses, where we are helping them transition with their fleet, where we would make an assessment of the requirements for charging points across the estate, and then we'd come up with a plan as to what that looks like and how we would roll that out over a period of years. Finally, our own workshops and body shops and premises. This year we've got quite an extensive program to roll out more of those charging points from Charge EV into our own infrastructure, our own premises effectively. Not only supporting when we get vehicles coming in to be worked upon or to be serviced and maintained, but also our own staff fleet as well or visitors to our premises. That's growing as well.
Risks in terms of input, we pass that on. Whatever the input costs are for what we're buying, it's reflected in the pricing that we have. Clearly, there's been some government grants which have come and gone. I'd make the point earlier about charging infrastructure that's required to support the ambitions for 2030. There was an announcement, I think it was about six weeks ago, maybe a bit longer, saying that there will be a tenfold investment in infrastructure to support that. We've got to see that. We want to see that investment, because if we are gonna move to a truly EV, non-CO2 emission vehicles, there's got to be more charging infrastructure. It's a growing marketplace.
It should feel right. That should be something that, as you say, is nascent now, but it should be something that should be quite big in the future, and that's what we're pointing to.
Thank you.
Okay. Look, thank you. I'm very conscious there that you've had a lot of input from us. Thank you for turning up today and for your questions as well. We're gonna take a break now, so there's 10 minutes before those of you that want to stay on for the depreciation workshop, so we can have a coffee and take any sort of informal questions then. Thank you.