Hello, welcome to Essity's Q3 report press conference 2018. I'm Joséphine Edwall-Björklund, Head of Communications. Today our CEO and President, Magnus Groth, will go through the highlights in the report, followed by a Q&A session where our CFO, Fredrik Rystedt, will join on stage. With this, I hand over to you, Magnus.
Thank you, Joséphine. It's been not only a challenging quarter, but also quite volatile. As you will hear, there are some trends that we've heard about now for six or seven quarters. I'm, of course, referring to raw material costs and other headwinds, challenging market conditions. This quarter, we also have some impacts on the performance from more temporary nature, that we'll get back to. Overall, we were able to continue to show higher net sales in all business areas. This was based on better prices, better mix, and we also had cost savings in all three business areas. However, this was offset by significantly higher raw material costs. I sound like a broken record again. This quarter with over 500 basis points compared to third quarter last year, and in addition, higher energy costs and distribution costs.
Also in the quarter, we launched 13 innovations. We are as dedicated to improving price mix, and margins through innovation as ever before. We're very proud also to have been assigned the industry leader in Dow Jones Sustainability Index, which is only one company that actually has this position. We're very proud about that. It shows that also after the split, that now feels quite a long time ago, we've been able to develop and enhance our sustainability profile. As you can see here from the numbers, adjusted EBITDA margin was down by 240 basis points. We were not able to compensate for the negative impact of raw materials and other negative impacts. While operating cash flow, is the highlight here, which is actually 4% stronger than the same quarter last year. This is thanks to improvements in working capital.
We have presented organic net sales in two ways, this is because we hear from you that there's always this question, how much is really organic and how much is if you deduct the restructuring efforts that we're doing, where we're taking out capacity. Over the last two and a half, three years, we've actually taken out almost 10% of our production capacity in tissue. What organic net sales here shows is that, the number that we report, 1.6%, is including the reduction of sales for mother reels. We have been a net seller of mother reels to semi-finished products for many years. Excluding the impact of those restructuring efforts, the underlying growth was 2.5%, just for information.
Of course, our ambition is to be close to balanced when it comes to mother reel sales, especially in markets like this when there's a surplus of capacity on the market. We are close to actually being balanced now, which means that all the tissue that we produce, we also convert and sell as a high-value finished product. On the balance sheet, earnings per share is half of last year, but this includes then, a high level of restructuring efforts, over SEK 1 billion in the quarter. This is again, Tissue Roadmap with impact from France and the U.S., but also one time, restructuring or write-downs in Asaleo Care, where we have a 36% minority stake in Australia. We continue relentlessly to work on all our profit-enhancing activities, we are adding more as we go along.
Of course, investments in our strong brands is a profit-enhancing activity that we continue with. Price increases, we are done with the first round at the beginning of this year. As you will see this quarter, we have a significant impact of price increases, but still not enough to offset higher raw materials. It is increasing both sequentially and year over last year. Going forward, we are already in the next round of price increases for consumer tissue. We believe that there will be a significant impact next year and with some also results in this year. I'll get back to our price increase efforts as we go through the three different business units. We're intensifying our efficiency improvements, as can also be seen from some of these restructuring announcements that we've done.
Of course, a month ago, 29th of September, we announced another group-wide savings program on top of everything else we're doing. At that time, we mentioned the number 800. We're increasing that to 900 now that we have one month behind us to more detail where we can find these savings. This is to its entirety, well, almost its entirety, coming actually from staffing savings, so that we feel confident that these are then sustainable savings that we will achieve by the end of next year. Also today, we have announced an enhanced organizational structure, which means that we will reduce the corporate management team, we are reducing the number of staff functions to become leaner, faster, more operational. I think everyone's doing a fantastic job already, but of course, this is bringing it to another level. Innovation.
We have a product here, a very high level of innovations, that is the most common product of all in its category in China. Since China is becoming one of the biggest markets, maybe some of you are now looking at the chart here. Which one is it? It's actually this soft pack product. Almost all tissue in China is sold in this format, in a soft pack, and it's used for multiple purposes. This is something that we're now launching outside of China, also in Europe. It's going to be very interesting to see what the acceptance is. It's a kind of a multipurpose tissue. It's very sustainable because you only take one at a time, like this, and it's very convenient. You can put it in different parts of your house for multipurpose use.
This is something that will be exciting going forward. As we get back to in this quarter and in the first quarters of intensive launches, you have more costs, of course, for promotions and for launching the programs than benefits. This takes 9 to 12 months. Net sales, back to the numbers, increased by 1.6% or 2.4% if we exclude the negative effects from Marutham restructuring. We saw positive price mix in all areas while volume was negative with 1%, and this is completely then relating to consumer tissue and primarily to China. This is, of course, not something we're used to. When it comes to volumes in China, Vinda, our company in China, has successfully increased prices a number of times and taken the lead as they should, being the market leader, and this has impacted volumes in the medium term.
Of course, it supported margins, now they are working to find the balance between volume and price going forward to find a good mix there. By the end of last quarter, Vinda was still the market leader in China, so no big impacts on market shares due to this. Adjusted EBITA, again, a new record when it comes to a negative impact from raw materials. Price mix improved by SEK 708 million, which is higher than the 550 something that we achieved Q2 over Q2. This is not exactly comparable, we expect that the price mix component on this waterfall will increase as we go forward, with the volume impact being smaller, this is then due to consumer tissue. All the other segments had positive volume impact.
Also added then to the headwinds in this quarter, we had a significant increase in energy costs and other, the big red other there, SEK -289. We also have higher distribution costs for several reasons. One is that fuel prices are going up on the back of higher oil prices, a lack of distribution capacity, prices are going up to buy distribution. Behind the other bar here are also some impacts that are of temporary nature, even though it's unclear yet how long. One big impact other than distribution is actually tariffs between Canada and the U.S. We are exporting our professional hygiene tissue from the U.S. to Canada put in place a tariff on tissue as a countermeasure to U.S. steel tariffs.
Even though the new agreement is in place, these tariffs are still in place, it's expected that they should go away in the medium term, this is not yet decided. There are some impacts like that under other here. Cost savings are lower than what we have been used to see. Typically, they've been between SEK 250 and SEK 350 now for the last couple of years. This is two reasons. One reason is that we had incredibly good cost savings last year, just the comparable is tough. The other one is that when we are now restructuring the company significantly, and we are moving machines, and we are closing, and so on, this is, in some cases, negatively impacting operations.
We've seen some additional costs in some of our plants and facilities during the quarter because of all the changes that we're making that has a negative impact on the possibility to save costs. We don't expect this to continue, but what we do expect to continue in the fourth quarter is that we will have a tough comparable also in the fourth quarter, because last year in the fourth quarter, we had record high COG savings. Raw material development year-over-year, oil-based and pulp costs are up approximately 30% overall. We have added energy prices in this graph also to show the development in that area just as an overview or indications where things are heading. Actually this quarter, we won't talk entirely about significantly higher everything for the next quarter.
Actually, quarter four prices in these areas are expected to be significantly higher than fourth quarter last year in all areas. This goes for pulp, it goes for oil-based materials, it goes for energy. No letup there. Another quarter of significantly higher. When we look sequentially, we see that For professional hygiene, we see stable prices. For consumer tissue, we see higher prices, not significantly higher, and this is because pulp prices are stabilizing. However, for personal care, we have another quarter of significantly higher raw material prices sequentially, and this is due to the increasing oil prices, where there's a lag in how they move on to the plastic products that we are using. Efficiency improvements, I think we touched on that, and again, to underline, we have difficult comparisons also in the fourth quarter when it comes to the COG savings.
SG&A savings, this is information we started to provide last quarter. We reduced SG&A with 20 basis points in the quarter. In this quarter, we did not have lower AMP, and that's what we flagged, that we will continue to invest in AMP to support all the product launches I already spoke about, and also initiatives in Inco Retail in general. AMP is remaining at around 5.2% of sales in this quarter. The reductions you see here are then on other parts of SG&A. The cost savings programs, we are providing some more information today. The first is that this is mostly related to a reduction in headcount, approximately 1,000 positions throughout the group. We're also providing information on the restructuring, which will then be SEK 700 million, and this will be cash recognized as impacting cash flow since it is related to staffing reductions.
However, on a positive note, the expected annual cost savings on an annual run rate by the end of next year, we have increased from SEK 800 million to SEK 900 million, and we expect to start seeing positive impact from these savings from the beginning of next year, and then gradually as the year moves on. Briefly on the three different business units with organic net sales in personal care increasing 2.2% with a mix of volume and price mix. Adjusted EBITA margin negatively impacted by significant negative impact also now in personal care of 320 basis points on costs, including energy and higher distribution costs. We had also some one-offs in a few markets, France and the U.K., where we were changing our distribution structure, and we actually had some temporary issues.
In incontinence products, you can see we are really returning to growth, this goes for both retail and healthcare. This is a very positive development that we're happy about, while in medical solutions, of course, we're not happy with the decline in growth. We see this as also a temporary impact from some local destocking of distributors and so on, expect medical to be back to growth. On a positive note, medical continues to increase margins, which is incredibly important for the value creation and the business case, of course. They are very much contributing to our margins and to earnings per share from that perspective.
In baby care, we have very difficult market conditions in emerging markets, this goes for North Africa, our joint venture, Sensella, our joint venture in Turkey, and to some extent also to Colombia and Russia, while Malaysia is doing quite well, actually. Negative impacts there. We have also, a few quarters ago, I think we reported that stepped out of the baby business in Central America, which is also part of this negative impact. That's something that we did to improve the overall profitability going forward. Feminine care, that continues to grow very strongly, and again, based on a strong innovation pipeline, fantastic branding and marketing efforts. Continuing to do really well.
Consumer tissue, here you can see that the volume was actually down 4%, while mix up 4.2%, ending up in more or less a flat organic net sales, slightly positive. The growth that we had overall is from emerging markets. Adjusted EBITA margin 5.8%, of course, this we haven't seen for a long time. This has to be compared with the headwinds of 830 basis points in the quarter, which is also unheard of. I think I touched already on the fact that we are taking up mother reel volumes, which has a negative impact on the volumes, but also the fact that the price increases done in China had a negative impact on volumes also.
A reasonable impact on overall sales, but coming from pricing rather than volume, that's part of the overall impact you see here, the price mix combination there. Also in this category, we see higher distribution costs for the reason already mentioned. Again, tissue roadmap restructuring initiatives that cover both consumer tissue and professional hygiene. Finally, professional hygiene. Positive organic net sales of 2.9% coming from both volume and price mix. Adjusted EBITA margin down also for professional hygiene this quarter. I think it was up last quarter. This quarter down by 210 basis points on the back of higher raw material costs, higher distribution costs. However, growth continues to be good, especially in emerging markets, where we now have three or four continuous quarters of very good growth. In the mature markets, similar story to what we've heard now for a few quarters.
Good in Europe and a little bit slower in North America. Before leaving professional hygiene, we have announced price increases for professional hygiene from the beginning of next year, both in North America and in Europe. We are expecting to see price increases not only in consumer tissue now in a second and third wave, but also in professional hygiene. As you know, there's a different pattern when in professional hygiene, we typically have annual negotiations, and those negotiations are finalized or are progressing well. To summarize, challenging market conditions continue. We also, in this quarter, have some temporary effects, some additional effects, like distribution, energy costs. We are working with our profitability-enhancing activities, and we're adding even more activities to, of course, change the curve and improve our margins.
In addition to our investments in our strong brands, our price increases, our restructuring efforts, we're also launching now on top another cost-saving program and a reorganization on group level. Thank you for listening. Let's open up for questions, Joséphine and Fredrik.
Fredrik.
Fredrik.
We have a question here on the first row.
Good morning. Thank you very much. It is Linus Larsson with SEB. I would start with a question on cost inflation. In the third quarter, year-over-year, you reported raw material cost inflation of SEK 1.3 billion, almost. In the fourth quarter, do you expect that figure to be higher, lower, or roughly the same?
We normally do not give exactly those kind of forecasts, given that Magnus actually talked about the sequential development, it should be slightly lower than that. You can calculate that yourself, but we do not normally give the numbers, Linus.
Is that because pulp costs are stabilizing, but you see some additional cost inflation picking up elsewhere?
Yeah.
So the-
Exactly.
Right. Just to be clear, the year-over-year raw mat cost inflation could actually be higher in personal care Q4 than we saw in Q3?
Yeah. Once again, since it is sequentially significantly higher for personal care, that's a reasonable assumption.
Actually year-over-year as well when it comes to personal care specifically. Yes.
Excellent. Thank you. Thank you very much. That's clear. May I also make an attempt on the same thing when it comes to price. Price mix, you reported plus SEK 708 million Q3 on Q3 last year. Would you say that Q4 will be higher, lower, or roughly the same magnitude of figure?
We cannot comment on that, Linus. Of course, we sequentially increase prices, obviously. We try and do that. We just don't give those kind of forecasts. Of course, prices will continue to rise, as Magnus alluded to.
That's fair enough. I also wonder a bit about further restructuring. You have launched a couple of initiatives since we last met. When you look at, how should I call it, hardware restructuring, Tissue Roadmap, that sort of structural changes, do you see a need for further changes, further initiatives in the next couple of quarters?
In general, we have moved through the Tissue Roadmap that we established in 2015 much faster than we had expected due to the higher raw material costs. I've stated now for a couple of quarters that we're probably beyond the halfway mark on that restructuring. However, if raw material costs stay extremely high, of course, over time, we will compensate with pricing, with savings and so on. There could be additional need for restructuring as certain assets then might not be value-creating anymore. With this caveat, I still believe that the high pace of restructuring that you've seen will be slightly lower going forward. Now we will have restructuring from the Cost-Saving Program, of course, that we presented today during next year.
Okay, just one final question from me. With regards to Asaleo, the Australian personal care tissue company that you're part owning, how do you see your role going forward as a big owner? Is it so that you will need to step up your ownership, or is it so that Vinda would be a more natural sponsor in that business going forward?
As you know, we don't speculate on M&A-related businesses. We've been very happy with our stake since it has been a nice dividend, actually, to our net results. We have a strong exchange of innovation. As you know, Asaleo are using our brands, Tork and TENA, Libra instead of Libresse, and so forth. We have a very good cooperation that we expect to continue with. Of course, Asaleo is struggling now in many ways in the same way as the industry at large. Very tough conditions in consumer tissue, to some extent in baby, but they are doing really well with Professional hygiene with incontinence care with fem care. Kind of a similar situation as most hygiene companies currently. We expect, of course, that Asaleo will be back on track and improve their performance as well.
Many thanks.
Yep.
Mikael Eliasson, Kepler Cheuvreux. A couple of questions from my side. Just a clarification. In Professional hygiene, you mentioned that you mostly have annual contracts. Does this then mean that the pricing you have had in that business has been more or less stable for all of this year up until now?
Yeah, it's more stable than in the other categories. Raw materials have been fluctuating, but actually balancing out because of the higher share where the majority of the raw materials is recycled fiber. It's more stable in general. I don't know, do you have anything to add there, Fredrik?
No, it's exactly as you say. It hasn't been stable because what you typically do is that you may not have the possibility to raise on all SKUs, as an example. Generally, you may do it on some, and then you increase further as you go. Generally, it is annual, exactly as Magnus say, but there will be adjustments, and we've done that during the year, there's been some adjustments.
Now, you basically are attempting to increase prices for next year. That's ongoing.
Yeah.
A general question.
This we do actually every year.
Yeah.
We do this, yeah.
A general, you are working on a marketplace, and probably your competitors are feeling the pain as well. Is there any way you could sort of quantify how you, together with sort of the marketplace, is sort of reacting to this? Is it easier, harder, tougher, someone trying to take market share? I know that you cannot be specific, but something.
Of course, we don't have that information either. The strong momentum for price increases in consumer tissue continues, which shows that, of course, the raw material impact is significant for everyone in the industry. That's why we are now in the middle of a second round of price increases in consumer tissue Europe, for instance, which never happened before. This is kind of unheard of. Clearly there's a need for price increases there. In personal care, in incontinence care, as also you can see from the numbers, actually the price pressure that we've been seeing, especially then in healthcare for a number of years, that we have kind of compensated for with efficiency improvements, that price pressure has come down a little bit on the back of higher oil prices. We're seeing that that's leveling out right now.
Of course, that's necessary to compensate for the higher oil-based prices. Again, just to remember that in healthcare, the contract terms are typically 3 years. It takes time to actually reverse and get back to price increases, 3 years to actually exchange the whole portfolio when it comes to pricing.
Thank you. A last question from my side. You are announcing this morning that you're changing the number of your corporate functions.
Is there any way to sort of quantify that in sort of will it take down costs? How much would the impact of improved efficiency be? Is there any way to do that?
Not to quantify, it makes it clear in the organization that what's operational and what's more kind of controlling staff related. By moving, for instance, our global business services and IT from a staff function into a, what we call then a global unit, which is serving the business unit, there will be a much more operational focus on those businesses. By combining that with purchasing and logistics, we are putting together a kind of end-to-end process efficiency unit where we expect to be able to see big savings, both in the short term but also longer term when, as digitalization, of course, has a bigger impact in specifically these areas. That's one change.
When it comes to other areas like sustainability, we see that looking forward, the big questions around sustainability are regarding post-consumer waste, and that's very close to our innovation and branding. That's why we're moving a big part of the sustainability focus to that unit and other parts then to compliance and to financial reporting.
Thank you.
Any more question from the audience here? Okay. Operator, please then let's open up the questions from the telephone.
Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, we will now begin the question and answer session. As a reminder, if you wish to ask question, please press star and one on your telephone and wait for your name to be announced. To cancel the request, please press the hash key. Once again, star and number one for questions.
Will you take the first question, please?
Okay, your first question comes from the line of Celine Pannuti. Please ask your question.
Yes, good morning. My first question is on consumer tissue. Could you talk about, you said that pricing momentum is positive, but could you talk a bit about how much pricing that you thought you would realize by the end of this year has been put through in Q3? Hence, I would like to try to gauge how much acceleration we can expect for Q4. Then on that basis as well, how much we should be forecasting for 2019. I don't know if you could talk about how much pricing you've seen at the retail end being increased. My second related question on that is regarding China. Can you tell us what competition has done in China? Are we at a point where we could see a stabilization or looking for the stabilization of volume? My third question is on orders.
You hinted that there will be a tough comparative that will as well to be taken into account for Q4 in orders. What about as we look into next year? Are we as well talking on a higher base, both in terms of distribution cost and cost savings for the first half of 2019? Thank you.
Do you want to start with the pricing for consumer tissue? Retail pricing to start with, yes, retails have increased shelf prices for consumer tissue. That means that they are also more accepting higher consumer tissue prices. They see the need, and they of course, also see the higher raw materials. We don't give any numbers what the impact will be in the fourth quarter or for next year. Again, as mentioned over time, we expect to have an increasing positive price mix in this area, quarter-over-quarter sequentially. How much this is, we don't really provide that information.
Maybe just an additional comment. You asked are the price increases in line with our expectation? I think the answer is absolutely yes, Celine. I think the issue is, in fact, that the raw material impact has gradually been increasing. Actually catching up is a very difficult thing to do. You're always kind of behind the curve, price increases will have to continue for quite some time, of course, Q4, also during next year. Yes, they are in line with our expectations.
The dynamics in China is that Vinda was the first of the three or four major players that went up with price increases. This had a negative impact on volumes. Since then, the other players, APP, Hengan, C&S, have also increased prices. What we've seen partly is that the four big players have lost some volume to smaller players due to this. Of course, overall in China, the dynamics are the same, and pulp prices have, at least for a few quarters, been even higher in China than in the rest of the world. We expect that going forward, that Vinda will be able to find a balance between volume and margin that is then more balanced than what we saw here in the third quarter. Other Q4 distribution costs, I guess we don't expect any change.
The tariffs haven't gone away yet, I expect we will have them also in Q4, the Canadian tariffs. What else under the item other, Fredrik?
Well, I think Magnus already mentioned it, there are basically four main items you can say. The first one is distribution, and that's the biggest part, and of course, that is continuing to be very challenging. On a Q4 basis, of course, that will be significantly higher, obviously, since oil price is of course a big part and also the fees, et cetera, and the availability. That situation is not really changing. Q on Q, we'll see a tough comparison. The same for tariffs. That's of course a new thing. It's mainly tariffs between Canada and the U.S. There's also some other tariffs on smaller things that we import also from China, as an example. They will actually stay there. Hopefully, they'll go away, you know that as well as we do. We have a couple of other things.
There is slightly lower volume produced also in this quarter. Has to do also, of course, with the volume development, not least for tissue roadmap. The closure you see there, that's the result, that's impacting Q4 on Q4. We also have the final and fourth component this quarter, and that's actually currency impact from finished goods. If we manufacture, for instance, finished goods, and we sell it in some other country with a different currency, if there is adverse changes there, we have that impact here. I think all of those are likely to stay for Q4, and of course, to some degree, even increase. It will be challenging also in Q4.
All right, shall I expect as well this to be a comparative issue in the first half of next year?
Sorry, I didn't hear the question.
Could you repeat, Celine? We didn't hear it here.
Hello, can you hear me?
Yeah, sure.
Yes. To follow up, I want to just on the other, that what you were saying is whether the comparative base will also be an issue, therefore in H1, given what you said, maybe tariff, it would be the question mark, but the rest should remain. Another follow-up on the volume impact on tissue from raising prices outside of China. Have you seen any elasticity there? Thank you.
The other line to what extent it will continue to be on the same level in the first half of next year, I think it's very difficult to state actually at this point in time. I can't give you really any more information on that. The components you now heard from Fredrik, when it comes to price elasticity in Europe, because the entire industry has been increasing prices, we haven't really seen a big negative volume impact. In Latin America, volumes have been slightly lower over the last two years than we've seen historically, and that really hasn't changed. Also as before, it's easier to increase prices in emerging markets like Latin America and Russia and those markets. No, I think the impact from elasticity has really been the greatest in China.
Maybe there to add, Celine, I guess you already know that, elasticity is not really with the consumer. If the price is slightly higher for tissue with the consumer, that doesn't actually have a big impact on consumption. It's much more with the retailers and the possibility of raising prices due to competition or those kind of things.
Excellent. Thank you.
Your next question comes from the line of Fanette Subbarson. Please ask your question.
Hi there. Two quick questions from me. The first one is, can you just give us some clarity on the price increases in terms of the progression you've had? Is it higher than the first one you've taken, or do you expect to take a much more lower price increase in the second round? The second one, I just wanted to understand, your thought process here, Fredrik and Magnus, in terms of how do you envisage using these cost savings? Is this more seen as a measure to make the firm agile and improve profitability? Is it a kind of a protection against future input cost pressures you expect next year? In a sense, kind of arresting the margin slide. Thank you.
To answer your second question, yes on both. Of course, we want to see the positive impact as quickly as possible to offset the negative margin impact from higher raw materials. The reason why we're adding an organizational change to the cost-saving program is that we are absolutely aiming for making this a more agile and even faster and responsive organization that's closer to operations. I think that all of these savings are sustainable and will be part of our kind of structure going forward. In this SEK 900, it's not kind of temporary savings just to overcome temporary raw material headwinds. This is for building a stronger company for the future. Price increases second round, I don't have full visibility on that, but overall I would say it's on the same level as the first round.
Of course, we haven't said much about the level of the first round, but I think that's more or less what I can say.
Sorry, can I just add one more, please? There was this rebate release in the professional hygiene business last year in the fourth quarter. Could you give us any sense and direction on how we should be expecting that to trend?
Yeah, you should not expect that similar release for Q4. It's always very difficult because the way that works, and we explained it very much last year, but the way it works, you set provisions during the year. Of course, if you have too low volume, your provisions are too big and you release them, of course, we don't want that to happen. Of course, we want to sell. We don't expect really major releases. It's really difficult to tell. It will depend on the volume for the fourth quarter. It's difficult to say, but you should not expect that.
I guess you could say they were unusually high last year.
Yeah.
Yeah, for sure.
Great. Thank you.
Your next question comes from the line of Oskar Lindström. Please ask your question.
Yes. Hi. Two questions. First off, just this on consumer tissue and the price increases and volume losses that you had during this quarter. You mentioned here that the volume losses were primarily outside of Europe.
What was the volume situation in Europe in consumer tissue? On the price increases, those price increases that we saw for consumer tissue as a whole, could you break those down? How much was in Europe and how much was, let's say, elsewhere?
Can I take first?
If you look at the European volume situation we had, if you exclude mother reels, it was largely flat. Basically the decline you saw on the mature market had to do with mother reels entirely. Of course, that was, as Magnus alluded to, all due to the tissue roadmap closure. Basically largely flat, you can say.
Price increases, to what extent I don't think we have that split, actually, or want to provide that split either, to what extent it comes from emerging or mature markets.
All right. If I may ask, my second question here is on the price increases that you highlight for 2019.
You say that you're currently in negotiations for these, and I was wondering a little bit about where you are in those negotiations, and the timing of the price increases in 2019. You said now earlier that the price increases for professional hygiene would come in at the beginning of the year.
What about for consumer tissue?
Same with consumer tissue, even though there will be some minor impacts also in the fourth quarter, and the full impact in the second quarter of next year, since in some countries like France, new prices actually take effect from the beginning of the second quarter. You can assume that most of the impact of the consumer tissue price negotiations that we are now in the middle of will be kind of ramping up throughout the first quarter next year.
All right. Wonderful. Thank you very much.
Thank you.