Good morning, and welcome to this presentation of the SSAB Q1 report. My name is Per Hillström. I'm Head of Investor Relations. With us today we have Martin Lindqvist, President and CEO, and also our CFO, Leena Craelius. If you look at the agenda, Martin will start with the first quarter in brief. Leena comes with the financials, a bit more details, and then Martin at the end with the outlook and the summary. At the end, it would be a good time to ask questions, and we will come back to the instruction of that. With that, please, Martin, the floor is yours.
Thank you, Per. Good morning, everyone. If we start then with the first quarter, we had, I would say, a strong start of the year. We had steel prices on high levels. We had raw material costs also being on high levels, and Leena will come back to that. We also had an unplanned stop or a scaffold in one of our blast furnaces in Raahe, which affected the first quarter, and that gave us slightly lower volumes than we had really planned for. I think we managed to use the volume allocations in a good way and continue to strengthen within our niche segments. We kept costs, SG&A, on the same level as Q1 2019, even though we were running operations at a very much higher activity level.
We also continued to develop our safety culture, and over the moving 12-month period, we are now at an LTI frequency per million working hours of 1.6, and year- to- date, we are well below that. We continue to see good development when it comes to special steels, both when it comes to profitability, but also shipments and volumes. Some words about Russia's invasion in Ukraine. That has, of course, kept us very busy during the quarter. The strongest focus has been on our 76 employees in Ukraine and also on their families and relatives. Many of them have, for the time being, yeah, moved over to Poland, where we have been able to take care of them and use our facilities, and with the help of our Polish employees, create some kind of a safe and sound environment for them.
We stopped all sales to Russia and Belarus directly, and we have also stopped all new purchases of iron ore and coal and other materials from Russia. We have been working hard to secure supply of raw materials, iron ore and coking coal and others, for the future, and that has been in focus during Q1 and will continue to be a focus. We have also decided to write down our assets in Russia and Belarus, and that is a one-off in the report. Going forward, we are fairly confident or confident that we will continue to source volumes enough to keep production running when it comes to raw materials.
Of course, we'll continue to see disruptions in the supply chains, problems with containers, problem with rail cars, problems with ships, and so on, and that we have been seeing for the last two years, I would say. If we then look at steel prices, and these are spot prices, and they started to move down at the end of last year and beginning of the quarter in Europe. Apparent demand increased during Q1 and spot prices went up. In the U.S., prices stayed on a very decent or very good level. When we look forward, we see that we will continue to have slightly higher prices, contract prices, but we will also see higher raw material cost.
We expect that the peak we saw in apparent demand will normalize. Underlying demand, stable. Apparent demand, more in line with real demand during second quarter. If we look at the divisions, we had strong performance in all divisions. In some of the divisions, we even had record earnings. In Europe, we were slightly lower than in Q4, but still on very good levels with an EBIT margin of 26%. Special Steels, record earnings, EBIT margin of 27%. In Americas, of course, very strong performance with an EBIT margin of 40%. Ruukki Construction had an EBIT margin of 10%, which is really good because Q1 is always seasonally the slowest quarter. Not a record quarter, but definitely a record first quarter. The same goes for Tibnor with an EBIT margin of 9%.
Overall, in all, good performance, good profitability in all divisions and all daughter companies. If we look at the green transition of the steel industry and what we are doing, we came out with a strategic decision to rebuild our facilities in Luleå and Raahe when we released the Q4 report, and to accelerate that in order to meet customer demand. We are now, or we have started the feasibility studies for Luleå and Raahe, and the minimills, and that is proceeding according to plan. What we are working quite hard with now is access to power or electricity, which will be a key factor, and that we are working with together with the governments in Sweden and Finland.
We have also, during the quarter, announced two new strategic partnerships with Polestar, the automotive company, but also with Epiroc. We have also been recognized by the E.U. Innovation Fund that has decided to support not only HYBRIT, but also the Oxelösund conversion. For Oxelösund, we'll get around EUR 30 million in support from the innovation fund. With that, Leena.
Thank you, Martin. Let's dive into the financials, analyzing a bit more. If we start with the sales, Q1 reaching a level of SEK 31.6 billion, which is remarkable. If we compare with the last year, Q1 being just below SEK 20 billion, we are talking about deviation of around 60% higher sales level, which is then the opposite if we analyze the shipments. Shipments Q1 on the level of 1,664 kilotons. Compared to last year, it was above 1,800, so we are having around 10% lower volumes. Clearly, when analyzing these graphs together, we can see that on average, the prices have been around 70% higher this year compared to last year, which is pretty well in line with the graph that Martin was already briefly showing.
EBITDA and EBITDA margin, Q1 on the level of SEK 9.2 billion, 29%. When comparing to last year level, we have doubled the margin as last year we were on the level of SEK 2.9 billion and 14.5%. The graph here on the low side is illustrating the EBITDA per delivered ton, Q1 this year being on the level of SEK 5,500, and then compared to last year, it has been level SEK 1,600, so quite remarkable improvement. When we break down the impact, clearly the biggest positive impact is with the prices, all the division contributing to this, Special Steel division over 50% higher average prices, Europe division over 70%, and with Americas, we're talking about over 100% increase in price level.
The biggest impact coming now from Europe with the biggest volumes. The deviation with the volumes compared to last year, -10%, as already mentioned. There are different reasons with the lower volumes. We had this Raahe blast furnace repair activity that took five weeks, reducing the volumes. We also saw lower volumes with automotive segment, and also lower volumes coming through from the SSAB Americas division, where we had some production disruptions as well. Raw material cost compared to last year is on a high level, with an impact of SEK -3.8 billion . Pellet actually was on pretty similar level this year compared to last year, but this is mainly now related to substantially higher coal prices and alloys.
Fixed costs higher compared to last year, and this is coming through both from personnel related costs. This year, we had a higher portion of personnel related bonuses. We didn't have those last year during Q1. Some higher level of repair activities, materials and services were higher. But also we can see that this cost increase with the variable costs is of course impacting also materials and services, which are here categorized as fixed costs. So the cost level has increased. Capacity utilization, negative impact, and this is now mainly from the Raahe side, but also partially from the Americas side, but substantially lower scale there. In the other, we have some provision done for the customs payments related to Oxelösund harbor. Then comparison to Q4, which was really good performance itself, just below SEK 7 billion.
Prices continued to go up, and here we have the biggest impact now coming through from SSAB Special Steels. SSAB Special Steels prices continued to go up on average 12%. SSAB Europe prices were relatively flat quarter-on-quarter, and SSAB Americas still continued to improve with 8%. Volumes compared to fourth quarter last year on a higher level. Q4 usually is a seasonally lower level. Variable cost, this is now coming through from the pellet and coal cost being on a higher level than Q4. Fixed cost lower. Q4, we had high annual maintenance activities, which we don't have during Q1. That's the deviation. The same reason for the capacity utilization, most of it coming from Raahe, and then the other having the provision I mentioned. All this generating really strong cash flow.
High earnings, in this case, netted with the negative development of working capital, but that is mainly related to the accounts receivables, along with the higher sales and higher sales prices. Tax is in line with the higher earnings, and all this generating the strong cash flow just below SEK 3 billion, which is also illustrated here in this graph, which is still developing to positive direction. Net cash position improving. Year-end, it was on the level of SEK 2.3 billion, now SEK 5.7 billion. Comparing Q1 last year, we were still negative. We had still certain amount of debt. All this cash definitely needed to remind that we have the dividend payment during April, SEK 5.4 billion, which we actually have already paid out. This slide we have not changed at all.
Still the cash need for the year estimated to be on the level of SEK 8.5. Biggest part going definitely for the CapEx activities, and this is now both R&C and strategic activities. The strategic projects ongoing at the moment are the Oxelösund conversion, as well as the Mobile Q&T expansion. Somewhat lower interest expenses and higher taxes along with the higher earnings. No changes for this picture, as said. If we then talk about the raw material cost, which is having impact for Q2, negative impact, this graph is illustrating comparison year-on-year. As I referred in the bridge already, pellet prices and the consumption cost being on a similar level during Q1 this year than it was last year.
What we saw happening during last year was that the pellet prices started to go up Q1, Q2, and reaching the peak during Q3, somewhat lower Q4. We have already seen that Q1, it started to go up month by month, and that cost will have an impact in Q2, definitely. Coking coal developing even more upwards throughout the whole year. We already see higher cost impact during Q1, and it will come through also during Q2. Definitely higher variable cost impact for the coming quarter. Here we have the scrap graph illustrating Q1 on a lower level last year than what is this year, some more volatile scrap prices. On average, we're talking about 16% higher cost level this year compared to last year. This is good to bear in mind when I give the floor back to Martin to talk about the outlook.
Thank you, Leena. If we then look into the second quarter and start with the markets, I think the underlying demand will continue to be on decent and good levels, with the exception of automotive, where we have experienced low demand for the last number of quarters. That is, of course, due to lack of semiconductors and others. Apart from that, I would say healthy or good demand or very good demand. If we look at service centers and the apparent demand versus real demand, we see that inventory levels in U.S. are on the low side, so there is no big room for destocking in North America. Apparent and real demand will be on the same level.
If we look at inventory levels in Europe, they are on more normal levels, and we can see and could see during Q1 some kind of wait and see mode. But apart from that, with the exception of automotive, good or healthy overall demand. I would say that demand for Q&T and advanced high-strength steels continue to increase according to our internal expectations. If we sum that up, we say that demand for steel, and this is apparent demand, is suspected to normalize, and the apparent demand being somewhat lower than in the first quarter, but underlying demand continue on the same level. As said, global demand for high strength steels will continue to be good and increase, and especially for Q&T. We will have higher or somewhat higher prices, and as Leena said, counteracted by higher raw material cost.
We will have shipments that are higher in specialty steels in Americas and somewhat higher in Europe. Q2 should also be a decent quarter. We expect to continue to see, which we have seen the last, I would say, two years, bottlenecks within transportation, problems with getting containers, ships, trucks, and so on. That's nothing new and nothing that we think will change short term at least. That we have been living with since 2020. To sum it up, a good quarter, record earnings, continued good trend in safety. We have continued, we will continue and have continued to generate strong cash flow, and we will do that. The working capital we are building during the first quarter is to a very, very large extent due to higher prices and increased sales.
That's accounts receivable, and that will be over time cash in the bank. Our plan for fossil-free steel production continues and is on track, and we are announcing two new strategic partnerships during Q1, and we have got support from the E.U. Innovation Fund for the Oxelösund conversion. We will continue to monitor the effects of Russia's invasion in Ukraine with, of course, the strongest focus on continuing to support our employees and their families, but also make sure that we have raw material supply enough to continue to keep production on high levels. With that, Per, I guess we open up for questions.
Yes. We are ready now to open for questions. We have good time, but I may suggest maybe in the first round that you keep it to one or two questions to let everybody a chance to speak here. As always also, if you have more than one question, state them one at a time to facilitate the process here for Leena and Martin to answer. We can maybe start by checking here in the room in Stockholm if there are any questions here. No. I will ask the operator please to present the instructions for how to put the question. Operator, please.
Thank you. If you wish to ask a question, please dial zero one on your telephone keypads now to enter the queue. If you find your question has been answered before it's your turn to speak, you can dial zero two to cancel. Our first question comes from the line of Alain Gabriel of Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Yes. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for taking the time to take questions. I have two questions. I'll ask them once at a time. First one is on capital allocation. How far are you willing to go in building your net cash position? And have you had any incremental discussions with Swedish or European government officials regarding funding for your decarb projects? That's the first one. Thanks.
Well, as said, our internal goal was to have a net cash position to be able to pay dividend without coming to net debt. We don't have any, I mean, as Leena said, we will have cash needs for investments going forward. Having said that, we expect the business to continue to generate strong cash flows. I think it's a positive problem within brackets to have, but we haven't really said anything new regarding cash flow generation other than we will continue to generate strong cash flows and have a strong balance sheet, so we can afford the investments we have ahead of us. On your second part of the question, we got this EUR 30 million, which is positive from the E.U. Innovation Fund.
I mean, I think the most positive thing with that was that they recognize us as one of very few substantial and important projects within the European Union. As I said last time, what is important for us is a level playing field, that we are treated in the same way as all the other steel companies in Europe. I'm a strong believer in that we, the steel industry could and should afford this transition by themselves. If other steel companies get subsidies or treated in a favorable way, we expect to be treated in the same way. No new answer since the question was up last time.
Thank you very much. My second question is on the U.S. plate market. Clearly, one of your competitors is ramping up their mill. How do you expect the plate market to develop for your business? Should we see the SSAB Americas profits as the last hurrah?
We expect the U.S. plate market to continue to be strong due to a lot of infrastructure needs and so on. We are also changing our production in especially Mobile, where we are investing for more and more Q&T capacities. We will gradually increase the Q&T capacity, which is our focus and which is also what the market really asks for. Those investments will continue. The general plate market, we expect it to stay strong in the future. The most important thing for us is that we keep the very good cost position we have, especially in Montpelier, where we produce mainly standard plates. We are positive towards the U.S. plate market.
Thank you.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Vishal Agarwal at Citigroup. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Hi. Thanks a lot for taking my questions. I have two. The first one is on the special steel. The guidance last quarter was for the stable pricing, and then we see the actual pricing in the Q1 are sort of higher versus the last quarter. What has sort of positively surprised in terms of pricing? And then given the current level of margins in the special steel, how much of those kind of a structural uplift do you see you will be able to sustain for the special steel margin in medium to long term?
No, maybe we missed out a little bit on the margin and price guidance in some of the divisions last time. We didn't really foresee what happened in February and the strong apparent demand. Having said that, I think Special Steels, the prices are more stable, but we have been able to increase them and compensate for increased raw material. The order intake and the demand has been so strong as well for Special Steels and for Q&T, and especially for abrasion-resistant steels. We have been able to increase margins. Will they be on this level forever? To be honest, I don't know. We expect to continue to see strong margins and strong performance in Special Steels and to a larger extent, regardless of business cycle.
If you compare to our business, standard business in U.S., which is the most volatile business we have, I would say that Special Steels and the business we have in Special Steel is by far the least volatile, and that's why we are focusing on that business as well. Because the profitability over time is really good and much more stable. What we are doing now in the company with the mix and everything is trying to stabilize over time the profitability and to avoid the troughs of very low profitability. Stabilize profitability over time. The way to do that is of course to increase productivity and cost efficiency, but also continue to improve the mix.
Got it. My second question is probably for Leena, in terms of working capital. Q1 has seen a large outflow, SEK 4.4 billion. How should we see the working capital evolution in the Q2?
Well, Q2 normally is the month when we start to prepare for these big annual maintenances, so we are building up to stocks to some extent. Of course, we have been discussing that, it is very, very important that we keep a good track of our inventories going forward, especially if there is seen some uncertainty on the market. I expect that it should be on a similar level than Q1.
For me, it's having AR is almost as good as having cash on the bank account, so it will eventually turn into cash. As long as we build working capital by AR, I think we can live with it. If we measure net operating working capital over sales, we are still at competitive levels.
Okay. Okay. Got it. Thanks a lot.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Seth Rosenfeld at BNP Paribas. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Good morning. Thanks for taking our questions today. Just a follow-up, please, with regards to the U.S. plate market first. You're talking about 9% from Q1 year-over-year. Your closest peer, Nucor, is down roughly a third year-over-year. Can you give us some color on the market dynamic between the two leading players in U.S. plate? Do you think you're taking share from Nucor and can it continue going forward? Start there, please.
No, but first of all, Nucor is a fantastic company, and they are mainly within strip. In U.S., we are only within plate, and plate is for them a smaller part. I don't have the exact figures of the plate volume development. I know that we have been given the total size of the market. We have been taking market shares during 2021, and I would say also probably during the first part of 2022. We are at or around the 30% market share in North America for plate.
Thank you. Just to follow up your earlier comments with regards to shifting to more Q&T. Is that something of a concession that in the medium term as Brandenburg ramps up in 2023, is SSAB essentially prepared to cede some share in standard grade plate to allow room for Brandenburg to ramp up?
No. I mean, for us, it has nothing to do with Brandenburg. This is the strategy we have, and we see the long-term increasing demand for Q&T, and we are lacking capacities. We must increase Q&T capacity, and one obvious place to do that is in Mobile and continue to invest in quench and temper capacity. That's what we have been planning for, and that is what we will continue to do. Over time, you should expect to have more and more volumes out of Mobile being special steels and Q&T and less volumes of standard plate. That has nothing to do with Brandenburg or anything else. That is the strategy for SSAB. As I said earlier, that is also important because over time, that is more profitable.
Of course, a quarter like Q1 when Americas is doing 40%, we have slightly lower profitability in Special Steels. Over time, this is where we should focus and will focus.
Great. Thank you very much.
Do we have any further questions from the phones? I think we might have lost. Yes. Welcome back. Apologies here. There was some technical problems, but hopefully now we are up and running again. Operator, if you can hear me, if we can have the next question.
We can indeed. Sorry for the technical issues. Our next question comes from the line of Luke Nelson at JP Morgan. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Hey, thank you for taking my questions. My first one is just on the Q2 outlook for volumes. In terms of the qualitative comments, they appear quite conservative with demand normalizing at a lower level. I'm just trying to square that comment with your actual guidance, which is actually sequentially showing an improvement across all key divisions. Also the order intake graph for Europe, which shows March was the highest level in a number of months. Can you maybe just sort of talk through the sort of shipment guidance relative to what appears sort of more conservative qualitative comments? That's my first question.
No, but our comments regarding the market is more apparent demand than and real demand meeting during Q2. We saw a higher apparent demand than real demand in Q1. When we guide for volumes, we have the order book to a very large extent for Q2, so we are fairly or very certain of the volumes. So it's more a sign or you should interpret it as the market is. I mean, what we saw was a peak in apparent demand when customers were afraid that they wouldn't get volumes. So apparent demand being higher than real demand. That is more stabilizing now, but on good levels for Q2.
Okay. Thank you. Just in terms of the order intake, what's roughly the flow through between that into shipment?
Sorry, the?
The sort of flow through when those the order intakes realized into physical shipment.
No, but I mean, as I said, it depends, of course, but we have to a large extent already the order book for Q2, so that's why we can say what the volumes will be. Then there are, of course, some open volumes still, but that's typically at the beginning of the quarter. We have had good order intake, and we continue to see decent order intake, so.
Okay. That's very clear. Thank you. Secondly, if I may, just a sort of a longer term sort of strategic question, I suppose, just given the Russia-Ukraine situation, which has caused pretty significant dislocations in supply, but also some pretty interesting developments from a demand point of view. In Europe, obviously it's changed sort of the perception around energy independence, and we've seen some pretty big numbers around renewable build-out. There's more talk about defense spending as well.
Can you maybe just talk through about how you're positioned, or I mean, in terms of volumes or shipments or pricing, how you could be positioned to benefit from, say, higher renewable build-out, and whether you're starting to see incoming inquiries from customers around that, whether you're seeing more, a sort of domestic European customers incoming looking to tie up long-term demand from you given your European position? Then also on that defense point of view, whether you have any exposure to that, particularly in, say, special steels.
No, we see and have seen since a couple of years or since the pandemic started, more and more regionalizing of steel markets, especially for standard products. We see that in Europe, we see it in U.S., and that is of course a lot of different factors behind that. One is of course trade restrictions, quotas, and so on. It's also environmental issues. I mean, customers not willing to ship standard material all over the world. That is, call it regionalization is continuing, and we also see that with transport problems and the ship that had the accident in Suez and so on. We see more and more regionalized steel markets and less and less trade of standard products.
That's one factor. When it comes to the energy segment, and especially in the U.S., that is a very important segment where we see good future development. We also see, given what is happening now in Europe, one of our strong products groups is armor plate, where we see a very strong demand. Unfortunately, you could say, but from that segment, we see very strong and increasing demand. There are some also effects like that, given the situation.
Thank you.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Christian Kopfer of Handelsbanken. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Yeah, thanks, operator. Good morning, everyone. Firstly, I'm just trying to understand a little bit what happened in special steels in the first quarter, because you also said, Martin, that you have pretty good visibility when you report the numbers for the current quarter. You guided stable prices, if I remember correctly, and then realized prices came out by 7%, which is, you know, quite meaningfully above your guidance. Just trying to understand how that was possible. Because if you have secured the volumes, you should have secured the prices as well, yeah?
I apologize for that. I missed a bit on that one. No, given the very strong demand and the very strong order intake that we saw in Special Steels. It was a possibility not only to increase prices, but also. I mean, you can think that Special Steels is just Special Steels products, which it is, but there is a mix potential in Special Steels as well. Given the very strong underlying demand, we have been working with a mix also within Special Steels. More specialty products, less construction related Q&T and so on. There is a difference also within Special Steels, and we have been working with that mix, which also affects the average price level. It's a combination.
Right. You're not reporting any mix improvement in Q1.
That depends how you measure mix. There is a variety of different products in special steels. When you have,
Okay
When you lack capacity, you try always to steer the capacity where the profitability is the highest.
Right. On Americas, you got higher volumes in Americas. If I look back, typically, or call it maybe normal delivery levels in Americas is around 500,000 tons per quarter, right? If I look at your guidance for Q2, it implies that you expect the volume and shipments to be lower than 500 or meaningfully below that. My question is that the market in the U.S., obviously it's very, very strong. Why aren't you able to ship more volumes?
We will ship more volumes in Q2 than Q1.
Yeah, to ship more normal volumes. Call it, I mean, if Americas typically is available to ship around 500,000 tons. You are not able to ship that in Q2?
I don't know the exact number, but we will see higher volumes in Q2. We came into Q1 with fairly low slab inventories, and then we had some challenges in Montpelier during Q1. We will see higher volumes in Americas in Q2 compared to Q1. Where they exactly will end up will of course be dependent not only on production, but also the possibilities to get trucks, rail cars, ships and so on.
Right. Finally for me, just trying to
Just to be clear, Christian, we haven't taken down capacity.
Oh, yeah. That's good to hear. Yeah. Finally, Martin and Lena, about the guidance for Q2 on a more, call it maybe, on an aggregate level. You guide for higher volumes, higher prices, but also the higher raw material costs and the higher other costs as well, I guess. If you take everything together, is it fair to say that you basically expect, you know, underlying profitability to remain at approximately the same level in Q2 versus Q1, plus or minus generally?
Well, you know, Christian, that's your job, but we expect a decent Q2 as well. Yes.
Just trying to understand how much you expect raw material costs to go up, because that you have in your, of course, big, because it's hard for me to so many moving parts. I'm just trying to understand it exactly.
that's why we opened
The expectations.
That's why we opened up a bit also regarding raw material in the report to make it somewhat easier in a very difficult situation for you guys to try to figure out where we will end up. We expect a decent Q2 as well.
Yeah. Okay. Thank you very much.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Carsten Riek at Credit Suisse. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Thank you very much for taking the question. The first one is on Fennovoima. What are the strategic implications from writing down the investments in Fennovoima? Do you keep actually your stake in the joint venture for the nuclear power plant? And if not, could it affect the ramp up of the green steel operations in Raahe and or your Swedish operations? That's the first one.
I mean, Fennovoima itself wrote down the investment to zero. We keep our stake in Fennovoima, but we wrote it down to zero. It will not affect the transition in Raahe because that was anyhow expected to come before Fennovoima was up and running. Midterm, it doesn't affect us other than we wrote it down to zero in order to be prudent.
Okay, perfect. The second question I had is, how much did actually the absence of the plate volumes from especially Ukraine help your business in Europe, in the current quarter? And will it also do that for the next foreseeable future? Because Ukraine is usually a big, big kind of plate exporter into Europe.
We don't sell any standard plate outside the Nordic region. A fairly limited or very limited volumes overall in standard plates. Our standard plate market is in North America, and that is locally produced in Mobile and Montpelier. We are not on the European plate market, with the exception of fairly limited volumes to the Nordics, where we typically don't see a lot of Ukrainian or, from time to time, some Russian material, but not typically any Ukrainian material.
Okay, perfect. Thank you very much.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Patrick Mann at Bank of America. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Thank you very much. Two quick questions. You just spoke a little bit about the market normalizing from Russia-Ukraine disruptions and spoke about apparent versus real demand. I'm just wondering longer term, how do you think or what do you think is solving for the iron units that Europe has lost as a result of Russia-Ukraine? I mean, do you think it's higher imports from other countries, higher domestic production, lower demand, or some kind of combination of those factors? And then the second question is just, I mean, we've also seen much higher energy and electricity costs in Europe, which you are, you know, somewhat protected from. I mean, does this change your view on your strategic position in Europe to decarbonize?
I mean, for example, building an EAF in, you know, Spain seems a lot more challenging versus your position. So are you feeling more confident now that you're on the right track or how are you assessing your strategic position? Thank you.
No, I feel very confident that we are on the right track, and I think it is all about the relative position and the relative cost position or the relative cost of electricity. I think being in the Nordics or northern Nordics is the place to be. I'm also very positive because what we are aiming for, these mini mills, they are typically at a size that fits our business model very, very well. I mean, they are at similar sizes as we have in Luleå and Raahe and Borlänge today. I'm very confident that we are doing the right thing. If anything, we have seen during the first quarter as well, increasing interest and increasing demand for future deliveries of fossil-free steel.
I'm very positive, and I think we are in the right region, we have the right product mix, we have the right size for taking this step. Then your first question regarding raw material supply and iron ore supply into Europe. First of all, we are the only European steel company within flat carbon that are 100% pellet dependent. We typically historically bought the absolute majority of our pellet needs from our partner, LKAB. Then when the sanctions or the war started and the other supplier we have had historically were hit by sanctions, and we stopped all purchases from that supplier and other suppliers, potential suppliers in Russia.
It is still, in the total scheme of it, fairly limited volumes, and we have been able to cover for those volumes, and we will continue to work with LKAB and supply as much as possible via LKAB. I think we are, in that aspect, also in a very good position given the turbulence on the raw material market. How that will play out for the other players in Europe, using a combination of pellets to a small extent and then mainly fines and running their own sinter plants, I don't really know. I can guess, but I don't really know how that will play out for them. In relative terms, I would say I would claim that SSAB is in a very good position in the turbulent environment.
Thank you. I mean, maybe just a quick follow-up there. I mean, do you think you could have greater ambitions than? I mean, if given your relative energy position, or relatively cost competitive, let's say, energy relative to the rest of Europe, do you think there's a chance to go for a bigger share of the market?
Over time.
are you happy to focus on what you're doing now? Yeah.
We are fully occupied with the plans and doing the feasibility studies in line with the plans we presented a quarter ago. Over time, I think there will be possibilities for SSAB to continue to develop the company and shift the mix and increase volumes of specialty steels and so on. I have a hard time seeing that we would invest in production elsewhere than where we are today.
Thank you.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Bastian Synagowitz of Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Yeah. Thanks and good morning. I only have two quick follow-ups, please. Just on your product mix, Martin, you mentioned armor plate, and I imagine just over the last couple of years, armor plate probably hasn't been a product which has been heavily emphasized in your overall product mix, while it's obviously being very profitable. What has been roughly like a volume run rate in that product or in that end market? What is your volume capability on an annual basis in that segment? That would be my first question.
I mean, first of all, in special steels, we have, I would say, volume restrictions. We're using all available production capacity. It is about changing the mix and take away something and put in something else. Right now, armor plate is a small but very profitable product and segment for us. Of course, with increased spending in different countries, the interest is, of course, increasing compared to how it looked a couple of years ago. We are also trying to help Ukraine and to produce material for safety vests and so on. It is unfortunately from a broader perspective, the interest has increased a lot recently.
Yeah, I definitely imagine. Could you maybe give us some numbers here? I mean, what's been the tonnage you shipped out last year, and what would be your theoretical volume capability in that segment? Even though that would mean you would have to take away something from somewhere and then allocate it into that business. What's been armor plate last year, and if you were running at full steam, what would be the volume number roughly?
I don't think that we have disclosed that.
No, we can come back to last year's number. Like Martin said, the capacity, that will depend on what we take away, dimensions, et cetera. It's hard to give a, sort of a new number there. We can share the last year's number.
We have higher capacity, not total capacity, but we can shift the mix if that would be required to more armor plate and less of other products.
Could you at least give us maybe the number which you could do in armor plate if you were running it at full steam?
To be honest, I don't have that from the top of my head. Per will come back to you with the numbers for last year. We can increase that capacity, yes. Then we need to take away something else.
Yeah. Okay. No, sounds good. I guess every ton you're selling there will probably come at a few hundred euros per ton premium versus the other segments. I guess that's still gonna be an attractive business. My second question is just a follow-up on Alain Gabriel's question earlier, just dwelling further on capital allocation and balance sheet. Is there an absolute target level for your net cash position which you have in mind before you will consider other options such as additional shareholder returns? You obviously always talked about building a bit of balance sheet buffer, but obviously your current cash generation run rate is so strong you're gonna generate the dividend in literally a single quarter or more than that. Is there an absolute net cash position which you're aiming for?
No. What I said last time, which is, I think, is the right answer, is that, I mean, we should be able to pay dividend over time according to our dividend policy. I think that is very, very important. We should also be able to do our investments for the future, this transition into fossil-free. I was 100% convinced a year ago, now I'm more than 100% convinced that this is the right way for SSAB. I'm convinced because we see the huge interest from our customers and partners, and their appetite for this in the future. We are now thinking how can we speed it up? How can we do that in a smarter and more cost-effective way? That is what we call internally the feasibility study.
I think that the dividend we paid now in beginning of April was a good decent level in line with the dividend target, so to say. We don't have a target saying that we should have a net cash position or anything. The only thing I'm saying that I have a hard time seeing, regardless of investments and so on, that we would end up in a tough net debt position anytime. Of course, it's a positive thing to think about how the shareholders want to use their money that is in the company. If they want to have. Of course, they want stable dividend over time, which we should deliver.
If they want to have the money stay and work in the company or if they want us to take some other measures. That is for me a very positive thing to think about because we are clearly in a different position than we were five, six, seven, eight or three, four years ago. As I said, I'm convinced that we will continue to generate strong cash flows.
Okay. Thank you. Thanks, Martin.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Grant Sporre at Bloomberg Intelligence. Please go ahead, your line is open.
Good morning. Thanks for taking the questions. Just a quick one on CapEx. Can you just remind us what the split is between sort of maintenance or sustaining CapEx versus strategic growth CapEx? Maybe just a bit of a guidance in terms of how your CapEx spend will evolve throughout the year. It's obviously a bit light in Q1. It typically builds up to a crescendo in Q4. Are you gonna follow the same sort of profile?
Well, usually throughout the years, the CapEx development. Well, also we can see that during Q1 that we are slightly behind the planned levels, so there has been some delays and postponement with the projects. The target is still to reach the target of the CapEx or the frame that we have set, so there is a bit of a hockey stick impact throughout the years. I don't have the split for you regarding the R&M and strategic money-wise, but of course, the R&M is related to the maintenance activities and replacement activities to keep the current system up and running. The strategic, the big ones this year we have related to Oxelösund, the conversion program, and also to Mobile Q&T expansion. The other, those are the biggest ones.
R&M is typically roughly ± something around SEK 2 billion per year.
SEK 2 billion, yeah.
Could differ between 1.6 to maybe 2.2.3. Also, now with the strategic plan we have, we will not, of course, for the existing facilities, we will keep them in shape, but we will not invest in them, all of them, call it going concern. Because we know that around 2030 we will shift over to the minimills. That will of course over time also take down the CapEx needs in Raahe, Luleå and Borlänge.
Got it. Thank you. Just a quick follow-up. Then that impact, you're probably not gonna see it, you know, in the next couple of years. That'll be more sort of lower steady-state business CapEx. That effect will probably only see towards, let's say, the middle of the decade. Or would you start to see it as early as next year, for instance?
No. As Leena pointed out in her presentation, we will start to see CapEx spending now, especially in the Oxelösund conversion already this year, and also the investments in Mobile in increased Q&T capacity. I agree with you. We can handle that with our cash flow.
Okay. No, thank you. Thanks very much.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Rochus Brauneiser of Kepler Cheuvreux. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Yes, thanks for that. Good question. One follow-up, Martin, on the plate side in Europe. So we're seeing very high pricing due to the supply disruptions from Ukraine and Russia. What is your view today, how long that, you know, dislocations and high prices can be maintained? And in that context, what kind of opportunities do you see to produce more plate in Europe? And I think what you mentioned, you're only in the standard market in the Nordics. Are there any? Isn't there any reason to produce more and use the price premium you're getting for plates right now? That would be my first question.
We don't have that capacity. We have a plate mill in Raahe, and that is partly producing standard plate, but in Oxelösund, there is no room for standard plate production. I think it would be a mistake to short-term start to produce standard plate in Oxelösund because the demand for Q & T and more advanced products is so high. Even though, I mean, back to the example with North America, with an EBIT margin of 40% in Q1, that was obviously higher than the EBIT margin we had in specialty steels. Over time, what is so important for us is to continue to grow the niche business, continue to develop the product mix, because I think it's very, very important that we continue to secure the downside, so to say.
Make sure that the stability and the earnings is increasing, and we see less and less volatility. Given the size we have and given the knowledge, I'm 100% convinced that that is within specialty, and we should continue to focus on that and not short-term try to optimize standard plate volumes. Having said that, in Raahe, we can produce standard plate, and we are doing that. That is mainly and only for the Nordic market, and that's the way it will be in the future as well.
Okay. Maybe I had wrong numbers in mind, so I thought your plate mill in Raahe is kind of 500,000-600,000 tons large, but you're probably running well below that capacity level. But maybe I have the wrong figures in mind.
No, we are producing volumes of specialty steels there as well. So the standard volumes is not that. We are using that for other things.
Okay.
Other products.
Okay. Makes sense. The second question is on your price guidance for Europe. You're seeing somewhat higher prices. When shall we expect, you know, the price spike in the European flat steel market to become more visible? And how much of this, you know, price movements have been already, you know, discounted and reflected in Q1? I would have maybe expected a more positive price outlook in Europe in Q2.
But if you follow spot prices, and there is typically a quarter lag or something before it hits our P&L. We have the majority of the volumes we have are quarterly prices, and we will see higher prices in Q2 compared to Q1, as we have said. I think a good proxy is to follow the spot price development in Europe and then apply a quarter's lag or something. Then of course, the third part is to look at the mix. What we saw in Q2, as well as what we have seen the last one and a half year or so, is a negative mix effect of automotive being slower. We are only in the advanced high-strength steels within automotive. So the high grade martensitic steels up to 2000 megapascal.
I mean, that is, of course, overall, disturbing the mix a bit because we don't see that growth due to lack of semiconductors and others. We still have in the other segments a positive mix shift. Overall, it doesn't show because of automotive.
Okay, fine. On the plate market side, how do you think about the, you know, the sustainability of these high plate prices? Do you think these disruptions might continue for more time? To what extent do you think this can be, you know, mitigated by plate imports or slab imports from Brazil or China? What are you seeing in the market as to how this tightness or perception of tightness is developing?
First of all, if you talk about Europe, for us, that is only a Q&T market, quench and temper plate, and we don't see much of import because they don't have those capabilities in Latin America or in Asia. If you take the standard plate market in U.S., there are still quotas, and there are also with this infrastructure package, there is also when it comes to governmental spending in different areas, it needs to be melted in U.S. So I don't see in that aspect import from other parts of the world playing a huge role. We will still see imports into U.S. because U.S. is or North America and U.S. is structurally undersupplied, so it needs import.
I see short-term and mid-term and also long-term good demand for plate, underlying demand for standard plate in North America, for infrastructure, for energy and other segments.
Okay. Thanks for clarifying that. Yeah.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Kevin Knitterscheidt of Handelsblatt. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Hello. Thanks for taking my question. I have a long-term question concerning decarbonization and the market for green steel. A lot of especially German steel producers rely on natural gas as a transition technology for their decarbonization. Looking into the rising gas prices, what is your expectation? Will this exacerbate the expected shortage of green steel in the future? And what are the implications for SSAB? Thanks.
No, we have chosen a different route. We are going to use hydrogen, and we are going to produce the hydrogen with fossil-free electricity in electrolyzers. That's the route we have chosen and what we are focusing on. What others are doing and the reasons for them to do that, you need to ask them.
It will influence the market for green steel in the future as it can be expected that the shortage will get even shorter in the future when a lot of people can't produce the way they wanted to.
Maybe. What we have decided to do together with our partners, LKAB and Vattenfall, is not only to produce steel without any emission, but to create a value chain without any emissions, all the way from the iron ores up in the mountains in Northern Sweden until a finished plate or a finished coil or whatever it is out at customers. We have chosen a, call it, slightly different, maybe compared to other European steel producers, definition of green steel and fossil-free steel and a fossil-free value chain. In that aspect, we might be a little bit hardcore, but that is what customers and partners appreciate and what they really want.
We have that possibility because we have fossil-free power generation in the Nordics, and we are continuing to build out fossil-free power generation. We will not be dependent on natural gas in our transition.
Thank you.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Andrew Jones at UBS. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Hi, Jens. As I said, just one question on the cost evolution. We've sort of touched on it already, and since we've talked about sort of flattish profitability quarter- on- quarter, I just want to better quantify some of those rising costs. I mean, we can see, you know, on a one quarter lag the impact of the raw material index prices. But can you talk to some of the other cost inflating items and potentially quantify them? I mean, I would assume the power cost inflation in Sweden and the U.S. is relatively small. You know, potentially changing some of your suppliers of raw materials might add some transport costs. Maybe you could talk to the impact of changing your suppliers and what impact that could have, and maybe any other factors.
I mean, are labor costs likely to increase materially quarter-over-quarter? Any other factors that you can point to help us better understand the offsetting factor of these rising costs? Thank you.
No, you're right. I mean, we see cost inflations in many areas. It comes with raw material, underlying cost inflation, but also finding new suppliers and so on. We see cost inflation there. We see, as Leena pointed out, cost inflations in a lot of areas. We were able to cover that with increased prices in Q1, and we were able to increase margins. What we are saying for Q2, without being very specific, is that we will continue to see increased prices. We say that those price increases will be to some part or to a large extent counteracted by raw material inflation and other types of inflation in SSAB.
All in all, I said many times now, Q2 should be a decent quarter as well, regardless of that profit-wise.
Just on your raw material supply, can you just remind us how much iron ore and coking coal you were sourcing from Russia, Belarus before? You know, do you have definitive agreements in place for replacement of that supply from other suppliers yet, or is that still a work in progress?
No, but we sourced I think roughly 10% of the iron ore last year from Russia and this year very limited volumes, and that has been taken care of. It is still a work in progress, but I'm very convinced that we will be able to get the raw material we need for this year. We need to continue to find alternative sources and alternative suppliers. We actually started or the supplier organization, the purchasing organization actually started that work already in January.
What about on the coal side? Because the iron ore it seems like LKAB is the fallback, but what about the coal side? I mean, how much exposure did you have, and where are you looking to replace that coal?
The biggest exposure was for PCI coal and that we have been working now since January to find alternative suppliers. As said, I'm convinced that we will have enough for this year, and then we will continue to look at alternatives and start working with suppliers to get other PCI coal than Russian PCI coal. So far we have managed.
Okay, cool. Okay, thank you.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Suresh Sharma at Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Hi there. I have one question. We understand that some of the SEK 2 billion of taxes from financial year 2021 are to be repaid in financial year 2022, as you've previously flagged. Could you advise how much of this has already been recorded in the first quarter? How should we be thinking regarding the timing of the remaining payment during the year? Thank you.
You mean now the taxes we did not pay in 2021 that will be
Yes
delayed until this year?
Yeah.
Yeah.
That was-
There was some of that was paid in Q1. I don't know, Leena, if we can
Some of that was paid in Q1, but of course we still have payables occur in Q2. Don't have the exact figures now to give out, but you saw the tax payables in the cash flow report.
Sure. I mean, do you know roughly how much of that will be repayable during the remaining quarters?
No. We don't have an exact guidance on Q2, you mean how much of the overhang. It will be a part of it.
Yeah.
We cannot give you a clear number.
Okay. Thank you.
Thank you. Once again, if there are any further questions, please dial zero one on your telephone keypads now. We've had one further question come through. That's from Seth Rosenfeld at BNP Paribas. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Thank you. Just two quick follow-ups, please. On Tibnor, obviously very strong results in Q1. Can you give us any update on your sense of profitability going forward for this business, with spot prices beginning to moderate, which reflects cessation of those windfall gains? Secondly, Ruukki saw somewhat a seasonally strong performance in Q1 as well. Give us an update on what drove that strength and sustainability into Q2. Thank you.
If we start with Tibnor, we are growing and taking market shares, and we are building out the network of Tibnor. In Sweden, we call it Handelsstålsgruppen. We are building out with more outlets and we expect volumes to continue to increase over time, and we expect to take market shares in the Nordics, both organically, but we are doing quite a few also smaller and mid-sized acquisitions within Tibnor. Of course, when market prices, if and when they turn, we will see revaluation of stocks in Tibnor. I think the underlying profitability, regardless of windfalls, should continue to improve in Tibnor. That's the plans they have, and that's what we expect to continue to see.
If you take Ruukki Construction, I mean, Q1 is typically the weakest quarter from a seasonal point of view with winter in the Nordics, and that was also the case in Q1 this year. Having said that, the profitability was still, for being a first quarter, very good, and they managed to handle the market price development of their raw material, color-coated material in a good way and increase margins. They should seasonally be better in Q2 and Q3 than in Q1.
Great. Thank you very much.
Thank you. We've got one further question in the queue. That's from the line of Tom Zhang at Barclays. Please go ahead. Your line is open.
Morning. Thank you very much. Just one very quick clarification just on the sort of European shipment guidance. So you already mentioned most of that is sort of apparent demand and real demand normalizing. But just given that strong order intake, could you just confirm you haven't seen any noticeable change in order cancellations in April, as sort of panic from the Ukraine-Russia situation fades? Thanks.
No, we haven't.
The increase in European shipments, I mean, we would have expected maybe a bit more of a reversal from Raahe, but it's very much just less restocking demand is the only real driver.
No, but as said, we expect higher volumes, and part of it is due to the steel hot we have in Raahe as we will have higher production in Q2. The market is there for higher volumes. We have not seen any increase in numbers of cancellations or not even problems for customers to pay their invoices. I would say quite the opposite.
Okay. That's very clear. Thank you.
Thank you. That seems to be the final question in the queue, so I'll hand back to our speakers for the closing comments.
Okay. Thank you. That concludes today's conference. Again, apologies for the technical problems, but we thank you for the attention, all the good questions. Thank you, Martin and Leena, and we wish you a nice day.
Thank you.
Thank you.