Volvo Car AB (publ.) Ratios and Metrics

Market cap in millions SEK. Fiscal year is January - December.

Millions SEK. Fiscal year is Jan - Dec.

Fiscal Year	Current	FY 2025	FY 2024	FY 2023	FY 2022	FY 2021
Period Ending	Feb '26 Feb 20, 2026	Dec '25 Dec 31, 2025	Dec '24 Dec 31, 2024	Dec '23 Dec 31, 2023	Dec '22 Dec 31, 2022	Dec '21 Dec 31, 2021
Market Capitalization	76,263	90,993	71,293	97,013	141,170	229,483
Market Cap Growth	8.60%	27.63%	-26.51%	-31.28%	-38.48%	-
Enterprise Value	57,712	82,661	89,899	83,267	121,029	228,029
Last Close Price	25.73	30.70	23.98	32.56	47.38	77.02
PE Ratio	438.29	522.95	4.63	7.43	9.06	18.83
Forward PE	7.23	7.15	4.34	5.97	10.74	14.44
PS Ratio	0.21	0.26	0.18	0.24	0.43	0.81
PB Ratio	0.51	0.61	0.50	0.74	1.20	2.43
P/TBV Ratio	1.19	1.42	0.69	1.27	1.86	3.41
P/FCF Ratio	6.46	7.71	3.22	3.98	7.12	12.40
P/OCF Ratio	2.20	2.63	1.51	2.26	4.20	7.69
PEG Ratio	2.11	1.86	0.29	0.10	0.14	0.35
EV/Sales Ratio	0.16	0.23	0.23	0.21	0.37	0.81
EV/EBITDA Ratio	2.87	4.26	2.31	2.24	4.69	8.32
EV/EBIT Ratio	13.41	22.65	3.37	3.07	7.07	11.74
EV/FCF Ratio	4.89	7.01	4.07	3.42	6.11	12.33
Debt / Equity Ratio	0.25	0.25	0.28	0.28	0.30	0.34
Debt / EBITDA Ratio	1.94	1.94	0.97	0.93	1.25	1.10
Debt / FCF Ratio	3.20	3.20	1.80	1.49	1.78	1.75
Net Debt / Equity Ratio	-0.13	-0.13	-0.12	-0.16	-0.27	-0.40
Net Debt / EBITDA Ratio	-1.02	-1.02	-0.43	-0.58	-1.24	-1.38
Net Debt / FCF Ratio	-1.68	-1.68	-0.75	-0.88	-1.61	-2.05
Asset Turnover	0.94	0.94	1.08	1.16	1.08	1.03
Inventory Turnover	4.83	4.83	5.37	6.19	6.46	6.14
Quick Ratio	0.53	0.53	0.52	0.54	0.70	0.76
Current Ratio	1.04	1.04	0.94	0.98	1.07	1.13
Return on Equity (ROE)	-2.04%	-2.04%	11.69%	11.35%	16.06%	17.19%
Return on Assets (ROA)	0.60%	0.60%	4.47%	4.93%	3.48%	4.45%
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)	2.77%	2.87%	15.94%	18.82%	19.70%	30.04%
Return on Capital Employed (ROCE)	1.60%	1.60%	12.20%	13.90%	9.40%	12.40%
Earnings Yield	0.23%	0.19%	21.60%	13.46%	11.03%	5.47%
FCF Yield	15.47%	12.97%	31.02%	25.13%	14.04%	8.06%
Payout Ratio	-	-	-	-	-	83.39%
Buyback Yield / Dilution	0.24%	0.24%	0.07%	-0.03%	-15.49%	-0.90%
Total Shareholder Return	0.24%	0.24%	0.07%	-0.03%	-15.49%	-0.90%

Updated Dec 31, 2025. Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence. Standard template. Financial Sources.