Earnings Call: Q1 2021

Apr 30, 2021

Good morning and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the AbbVie First Quarter 2021 Earnings Conference Call. All participants will be able to listen only until the question and answer portion of this call. I would now like to introduce Ms. Liz Shea, Vice President of Investor Relations. You may begin. Good morning, and thanks for joining us. Also on the call with me today are Rick Gonzalez, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer Michael Severino, Vice Chairman and President Rob Michael, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer and Jeff Stewart, Executive Vice President, Commercial Operations. Joining us for the Q and A portion of the call is Laura Schumacher, Vice Chairman, External Affairs, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary. Before we get started, I remind you that some Statements we make today may be considered forward looking statements for purposes of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. AbbVie cautions that these forward looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward looking Additional information about these risks and uncertainties is included in our SEC filings. AbbVie undertakes no obligation to update these forward looking statements except as required by On today's conference call, non GAAP financial measures will be used to help investors understand AbbVie's business performance. These non GAAP financial measures are reconciled with comparable GAAP financial measures in our earnings release and regulatory filings from today, which can be found on our website. Unless otherwise noted, our commentary on sales growth is on a comparable basis, which includes full current year and historical results For this comparison of underlying performance, all historically reported Allergan revenues have been recast to conform to AbbVie's revenue And excluding the divestitures of ZenPep and Biocase. References to operational growth further excludes the impact of exchange. Following our prepared remarks, we'll take your questions. So with that, I'll now turn the call over to Rick. Thank you, Liz. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us today. I'll discuss our Q1 performance and outlook, and then Jeff, Mike and Rob will review our business highlights, Pipeline progress and financial results in more detail. We're off to an excellent start this year, delivering strong top and bottom line first quarter We reported adjusted earnings per share of $2.95 exceeding the midpoint of our guidance by $0.14 Total adjusted net revenues of $12,900,000,000 was up 5.2% on a comparable operational basis, Nearly $250,000,000 ahead of our expectations. These results include strong performance across Our core therapeutic areas, including double digit comparable operational revenue growth from immunology, neuroscience and aesthetics, as well as high single digit operational growth from hematological oncology. Additionally, We continue to see robust sales from our key and newly launched products. SKYRIZI and RINVOC contributed nearly $900,000,000 In combined, revenues this quarter more than doubled the sales versus the prior year as both products continue to ramp in their initial indications. IMBRUVICA and VENCLEXTA delivered combined sales of approximately $1,700,000,000 reflecting continued leadership in CLL And other hematological malignancies. VALAR, which remains one of the fastest growing medicines In psychiatry, we delivered more than 20% comparable operational growth. UBrelvie, The leading oral CGRP for acute migraine generated revenue growth of approximately 25% on a sequential basis. And within our leading aesthetics portfolio, which is performing well above pre COVID levels, BOTOX Cosmetics and Juvederm are demonstrating robust performance. Both of these brands grew more than 40% On a comparable operational basis, the integration of Allergan also continues to go very well. As illustrated by our balanced results this quarter, we are clearly demonstrating that we have created a stronger and much more diverse company While the pandemic has categorically impacted our day to day lives, we are encouraged by the latest recovery trends. We see market growth and new patient activity increasing overall, especially in March, although certain markets continue to remain below pre COVID levels, including CLL and HCV in particular. We expect the increasing vaccinations globally We'll continue to support a full recovery across our therapeutic areas as we progress through the remainder of this year. Based on a robust performance this quarter and the continued strong outlook for our business, we are raising our full year 2021 EPX And we now expect adjusted earnings per share between $12.37 $12.57 reflecting growth of more than 18% at the midpoint. I'm also extremely pleased with our R and D prospects, including the number and potential of the opportunities, especially within our late stage pipeline. We're on the cusp of the potential commercial approval of more than a dozen new products or indications over the next 2 years, including 5 total expected approvals in 2021. This includes atogepant, A novel oral CGRP for episodic migraine, adding to our already attractive migraine portfolio, A new eye drop with the treatment of presbyopia as well as expanded indications for RINVOQ in psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and atopic dermatitis. And we expect more than a half a dozen new product or indication launches in 2022, including navitoclax for myelofibrosis, ABBV-nine fifty one for Parkinson's disease SKYRIZI for psoriatic arthritis and Crohn's disease RINVO for ulcerative colitis VALAR for major depressive disorder and additional indications for IMBRUVICA and VENCLEXTA. With these collective new growth opportunities and the continued momentum of our underlying portfolio, Our long term outlook remains very strong. In closing, our focus remains on strong commercial and operational execution as well as pipeline advancement. I'm pleased with the financial results for the quarter and the overall pace of the recovery across our portfolio. We're off to another excellent start in 2021. With that, I'll turn the call over to Jeff for additional comments on our commercial highlights. Jeff? Thank you, Rick. We demonstrated strong and balanced growth across our therapeutic portfolio this quarter, a testament to our differentiated product profiles and commercial execution. Our immunology portfolio delivered global revenues of more than $5,700,000,000 reflecting growth of nearly 12% on an operational basis. HUMIRA sales were approximately $4,900,000,000 up 2.6% on an operational basis with Continued high single digit growth in the U. S, offset by biosimilar competition across our international markets, where the unfavorable impact was more moderate than expected in the quarter. Our new immunology agents SKYRIZI and RINVOC are both Demonstrating robust prescription growth, well above all comparable launches. SKYRIZI sales were $574,000,000 Reflecting 34% in play patient share, which includes new and switching patients. This is more than double the share capture of the next Nearest biologic competitor. Gyrizi total prescription share in the U. S. Psoriasis biologic market is now approximately 15%, second only to HUMIRA. Additionally, we recently received approval for a single dose prefilled pen for SKYRIZI, which will reduce the number of injections per treatment. SKYRIZI is now the only quarterly dose psoriasis treatment available in an auto injector, Further improving the patient experience. RINVOC sales were $303,000,000 with Strong in play patient share of approximately 15% in the U. S. RA market. Physician and patient feedback remain very positive on RINVOV's level of Speed of response and strong benefit risk profile. Internationally, both of these new assets delivered Strong double digit sequential growth with ramping access and share. SKYRIZI has now also achieved In play patient share leadership in the EU5 psoriasis market, exceeding TREMFYA and Cosentyx and at parity with Taltz. As Mike will discuss momentarily, we are also making considerable progress to expand the uses of SKYRIZI and RINVOC in several immune mediated diseases with Half a dozen additional indication approvals expected later this year and in 2022. In hematologic oncology, sales were approximately $1,700,000,000 up 7.3% on an operational basis. IMBRUVICA continues to perform well across multiple indications, including CLL, where it remains the clear market share leader across all lines of therapy. IMBRUVICA sales increased 2.9% on an operational basis this quarter with performance impacted by lower new patient starts within CLL, where the market remains below pre COVID levels. IMBRUVICA growth was also unfavorably impacted by the COVID relating stocking benefit that we saw in the Q1 of 2020. VENCLEXTA sales were $405,000,000 up 24.5% on an operational basis With increasing share in frontline CLL and continued strong performance in AML. In neuroscience, revenues were more than $1,200,000,000 up 10.9% on a comparable operational basis. VRAYLAR once again delivered strong growth. Sales of $346,000,000 were up 21.2% on a comparable operational basis, reflecting a nearly 2.5% total prescription share of the U. S. Atypical antipsychotic market. Within migraine, the launch of UBRELVI is exceeding our expectations with $81,000,000 of revenue in the quarter. Feedback from physicians has been very positive, highlighting uBreleby's efficacy, safety, convenient dosing profile and overall commercial access. UBrelvie is the number one branded acute treatment for migraine based on both new patient share and prescription growth. The oral CGRP therapies, including our leading uBreleby, now represent roughly 16% of new prescriptions in the large acute migraine market. We believe there's substantial room for long term growth in this rapidly expanding segment based on unmet need and strong patient demand. We also look forward to the expected commercial approval of etogipan, our oral CGRP for episodic migraine later this year. Botox Therapeutic is seeing a very nice recovery in chronic migraine as well as its other indications with total sales of $532,000,000 up 7% on a comparable operational basis. Lastly, in our other key therapeutic areas, We saw significant contribution from eye care, which had revenues of $817,000,000 MAVREIT sales were $415,000,000 Down 28.4 percent on an operational basis as treated patient volumes have remained below pre COVID levels. And we also saw double digit comparable growth from LINZESS, the leading branded prescription medicine in the U. S. For the treatment of adults with IBS C or Overall, I'm extremely pleased with our execution across the therapeutic portfolio, Including the progress we are making with recent new product launches, we remain on track to deliver a very strong revenue growth in 2021. And with that, I'll turn the call over to Mike for additional comments on our R and D programs. Mike? Thank you, Jeff. I'll start with immunology, where we continue to make good progress with RINVOC and SKYRIZI in new disease areas, as well as in our early and mid stage immunology We recently reported positive top line results from the 2nd induction study for RINVOQ in ulcerative colitis. Similar to results from the first induction study, in this Phase 3 trial, RINVOC demonstrated a very strong impact on disease activity As measured by clinical remission, clinical response and endoscopic improvement. The 45 milligram induction dose was well tolerated And the safety profile was consistent with previous RINVOQ studies. In these induction trials, we saw no DBT, PE, MACE events or malignancies in the RIN boat groups and the rates of serious adverse events were numerically lower than placebo. We believe these induction data compare very favorably to other UC treatments on the market or in development. And Based on the data generated to date, RINVOQ has the potential to become one of the most highly effective therapies for patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis. We expect to see results from the UC maintenance study this summer with regulatory submissions anticipated in the second half of the year. The RINVOG program in Crohn's disease is also progressing very well and we expect to see induction data from the first of 2 Phase 3 trials in the 4th quarter, followed by induction data from a second Phase 3 trial and maintenance data in the first half of 2022. We're also nearing completion of our pivotal program for SKYRIZI in Crohn's disease. Earlier this year, we reported positive results from the 2 Crohn's induction studies and we expect to see maintenance data this summer. Our regulatory submissions for SKYRIZI and Crohn's disease remain on track for the second half of twenty twenty one. Following completion of our registrational program for SKYRIZI in psoriatic arthritis, we recently submitted our regulatory applications in the U. S. And Europe with approval decisions expected in the first half of twenty twenty two. We're very pleased with the level of activity we saw with SKYRIZI on both joint disease and skin clearance in our Phase 3 program and look forward to providing this new treatment to patients Our regulatory submissions are currently under review for RINVOC in 3 new indications in the U. S, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis and atopic dermatitis. As we previously announced, the FDA recently extended the review periods for RINVOC in psoriatic arthritis and atopic dermatitis, following a request for an updated assessment of the benefit risk profile for RINVOC in these indications. In response to the FDA request, We provided updated data from across RINVOC programs in RA, psoriatic arthritis and atopic dermatitis. Based on the review extensions, we now expect approval decisions for psoriatic arthritis in June and for atopic dermatitis in July. The regulatory action date for RINVOC in ankylosing spondylitis is unchanged and remains on track for June. We remain confident in the benefit risk profile of RINVOC across all indications and we'll work with the FDA to bring RINVOC to market in these new disease areas. Earlier this year, we received European approval for RINVOC in psoriatic arthritis and AS. Our European regulatory application for RINVOC in atopic dermatitis is under review and we remain on track for a CHMP opinion this summer with an approval decision anticipated in the Q3. We also recently saw results from a 4 week Phase 1b study evaluating our novel small molecule ROR gamma T inverse agonist ABBV-one hundred and fifty seven In patients with psoriasis. By targeting ROR gamma t with an inverse agonist rather than an antagonist, We believe we can more effectively inhibit IL-seventeen production, thus resulting in a greater impact on skin inflammation. In our Phase 1b study, 157 showed promising activity as an oral psoriasis agent, And we plan to move the asset forward to a larger Phase 2b dose ranging study in the second half of this year. Moving now to our oncology portfolio. We continue to make very good progress with our late stage programs for IMBRUVICA, VENCLEXTA and abitoclax as well as with our early stage oncology assets. We remain on track for several key regulatory submissions, Data Presentations and Phase Transitions this year. At the upcoming ASCO and EHA meetings, We will be presenting more than 40 abstracts, including results from the IMBRUVICA plus VENCLEXTA CAPTIVATE trial fixed duration cohort Data from our IMBRUVICA VENCLEXTA combination studies will support regulatory submissions in frontline CLL later this year. We will also be presenting 4 year follow-up data from VENCLEXTA's CLL14 trial in frontline CLL as well as updated efficacy and safety data from a Phase 1b study evaluating VENCLEXA plus azacitidine in treatment naive high risk We expect this MDS study to complete in the second half of this year and if positive, it In the area of solid tumors, at the recent AACR meeting, we presented Phase 2 results for TULISOVIE in nonsquamous, Non small cell lung cancer. In this study, TELUSO B demonstrated promising response rates in heavily pretreated patients, Particularly in patients with highly expressed c Met, where we saw a 54% objective response rate. C Met is an attractive target across multiple tumor types, particularly in non small cell lung cancer, where approximately 30% of patients have over expressed c Met. Approaches in this area have historically focused on small molecule kinase inhibitors and anti CMAT antibodies, both of which have shown only limited efficacy in this patient population that has not been sufficient for approval. In contrast, We recently began the 2nd stage of our Phase 2 study, which has the potential to support an accelerated approval and second line plus metastatic nonsquamous nonsmallcell lung cancer. We also plan to evaluate TELUSOV In the frontline setting, including in combination with other agents, as well as in other c Met positive tumor types. We also have a next generation c Met ADC program that will be entering the clinic later this year. Our new c Met ADC, ABBV-four hundred utilizes a tocoisomerase inhibitor payload, which we believe will provide greater antitumor efficacy against both amplified MET and overexpressed c MET subtypes, thus providing deeper responses with broader applicability than other anti c Met targeting agents. In neuroscience, we recently presented data from several key programs at the American Academy of Neurology Annual Meeting. A total of 33 abstracts were presented, including data from the Phase 3 ADVANCE study in episodic migraine prevention, showing that etogipan has the potential to be a highly effective, safe and well tolerated oral treatment option with a rapid onset of action. The FDA recently accepted our NDA for etogipan for the prevention of episodic migraine and an approval decision is We also presented results from an open label Phase 3 study evaluating uBrelvie in perimenstrual migraine, which showed that ubrovie has potential as a safe and efficacious treatment of migraine attacks That occurred during or near menstruation. Menstrual related migraine attacks can be more difficult to treat because they are often longer in duration, And we presented data from a Phase 1 study demonstrating that ABBV-nine fifty one subcutaneous infusions maintain an equivalent levodopa exposure to duopa in advanced Parkinson's patients. Results from the pivotal program for ABBV-nine fifty one are expected this summer with the regulatory submissions anticipated in the second half of this year. We also remain on track for readouts in the Q4 from 2 Phase 3 studies for VRAYLAR And if successful, we would anticipate regulatory submissions in the first half of twenty twenty two. In eye care, we submitted our regulatory application in the U. S. For AGN-190, 584 for the treatment of symptoms associated with presbyopia. 584 is a once daily eye drop being developed to help address symptoms that are often corrected through reading glasses. This new technology represents a complementary product to reading glasses And would be a convenient on demand solution for patients with mild to moderate presbyopia. An approval decision is expected In the Q4 of this year. And in aesthetics, we are investing to accelerate key next generation in toxins and filler programs. By combining the aesthetic team's deep expertise with AbbVie's breadth and scale of resources, We'll be able to bring novel products to market significantly faster. Looking across our portfolio, We've identified a number of programs to accelerate, including our short acting and long acting toxins, as well as our next generation Bio stimulatory, tropoelastin and collagen fillers. Acceleration of these programs is expected to drive Significant long term growth for the aesthetics franchise. So in summary, we've continued to make significant progress with our to start the year and we look forward to many more data readouts, regulatory submissions and approvals throughout the remainder of 2021. With that, I'll turn the call over to Rob for additional comments on our Q1 performance and financial outlook. Rob? Thank you, Mike. Starting with Q1 results, we reported adjusted earnings per share of $2.95 Up 21.9% compared to prior year and above our guidance midpoint. Total adjusted net revenues were $12,900,000,000 up 5.2% on a comparable operational basis, excluding a 1.1% favorable impact from foreign exchange. The adjusted operating margin ratio was 51 percent of sales, an improvement of 120 basis points versus the prior year. This includes Adjusted gross margin of 83.9 percent of sales, adjusted R and D investment of 11.6 percent of sales And adjusted SG and A expense of 21.2 percent of sales. Net interest expense was $622,000,000 And the adjusted tax rate was 12.3%. As Rick previously mentioned, we are raising our full year adjusted earnings share guidance to between $12.37 $12.57 reflecting growth of 18.1 percent at the midpoint. Excluded from this guidance is $5.10 of known intangible amortization and specified items. This guidance now contemplates full year revenue growth of 9.8% on a comparable operational basis. At current rates, We continue to expect foreign exchange to have a 1% favorable impact on full year comparable sales growth. This implies a full year revenue forecast of approximately $55,900,000,000 Included in this guidance are the following updated We now expect international HUMIRA revenue of approximately $3,100,000,000 And we now expect BOTOX Cosmetic sales of approximately $1,900,000,000 All other full year assumptions remain unchanged. As we look ahead to the Q2, we anticipate net revenue approaching $13,600,000,000 At current rates, we expect foreign exchange to have a 1.6% favorable impact on comparable sales growth. We expect adjusted earnings per share between $3.05 $3.09 excluding approximately $1.78 of known intangible amortization and specified items. Finally, We continue to make great progress on our Allergan transaction commitments. We realized over $360,000,000 in expense synergies in the Q1 and are on track to deliver synergies of approximately $1,700,000,000 in 2021 and greater than $2,000,000,000 in 2022. We have already paid down $10,400,000,000 of combined company debt. We continue to expect cumulative debt pay down of $17,000,000,000 by the end of 2021 with further deleveraging through 2023. This will bring our net leverage ratio to 2.4 times By the end of 2021 and approximately 2 times by the end of 2022. In closing, we are off to an excellent start to the year With strong performance across the portfolio and financial results ahead of our expectations. With that, I'll turn the call back over to Liz. Thanks, Rob. We will now open the call for questions. In the interest of hearing from as many analysts as possible over the remainder of the call, we ask that you Please limit your questions to 1 or 2. Operator, first question please. Our first question comes from Chris Schott with JPMorgan. Your line is open. Great. Thanks so much for the questions. The first one for me was on RINVOC and dose. As we think about FDA, I guess, balancing lowest effective dose versus incremental efficacy and safety risks, I guess, what would the impact of only having a 15 milligram versus a 15 30 milligram approval have on your view on the atopic derm opportunity, I think you talked about is about $2,000,000,000 sales potential previously. And then my second question was just a little bit more color on the aesthetic dynamics. I guess, is there anything we're seeing with the results we're seeing very, very strong here? Is there any catch up type event as the world reopens that we're Are these kind of sustainable underlying trends that are kind of coming in above expectations for that business, trying to get a sense of just how to think about that progressing Thanks so much. Thanks, Chris. This is Mike. I'll take the first question and then Rick will take the second question that you asked. With respect to RINVOC, we feel very confident in the benefit risk profile across indications and across Having said that, both the 15 30 milligram doses have performed very well, both from an efficacy and a safety perspective. And so, if you look at the efficacy results that we drove with 15, in atopic dermatitis, we drove high levels of response, Very rapid response and had a very prominent impact on itch, which is one of the most bothersome symptoms with 15 as well as with 30. And With the 15 milligram dose for example, we saw statistically significant and clinically significant reduction in age after only 2 days, which is really quite remarkable in this disease. Again, that's really one of the most bothersome symptoms to patients. So we think we could be successful with either dose, to answer your question Specifically, but we also remain confident in the benefit risk of both doses. So Chris, this is Rick. I'll cover the aesthetics one for you as Mike I think if you look at the underlying performance of the aesthetics business, in particular the market growth in the U. S. And in China, it's driving the fundamental growth that we see through the business. Certainly, there is some impact still From COVID, so we're seeing some impact there. But I think the majority of it is when we took over Allergan, We made a decision to really invest in promotion at a much higher level than they were investing in it prior. And they had an approach that was more of an investment approach where we have basically made a decision that we'll fund across the entire year at a relatively Significant level to drive demand because the data clearly supports that you can grow this market. And I think the best comparisons are Start to look at what it looked like versus 2019 because you obviously have the COVID impact in 2020. But you take for example, BOTOX, Botox versus 2019, cosmetic Botox versus 2019 is up about 27%. The market is growing very robustly. Some of that is probably COVID driven. These are U. S. Numbers I'm describing right now. Some of that is probably COVID driven, but I wouldn't say a lot of it at this point is COVID China continues to grow very well. In fact, I'd say China is back to the level of growth. And we have expanded the sales force in China once, about 4 or 5 months ago. We're in the process now of going through a second expansion in China. I would expect that China will continue to drive significant growth going forward. The one area that still is being impacted in a Fairly significant way from COVID is the European market. We still see it Starting to emerge in areas like the UK, but there are other areas in Europe that are still in lockdown. I would expect that Europe and Brazil as well will hopefully start to see some recover as we get into the second half of this year and they can Start to contribute, which would add additional growth to the overall business. But I would tell you, I'm very pleased with The decisions we've made around driving more promotion and I'm pleased with the execution of this team. This team has done extremely well In executing and driving the kind of share position that we want and the growth that we want. So I think it is sustainable going forward. Thank you, Chris. Operator, next question please. Yes. Our next question comes from Geoffrey Porges with SVB Leerink. Your line is open. Thank you very much. I appreciate a couple of questions. First, Rick, something we don't talk about a lot, which is the neuroscience portfolio, and you've started reporting it Combined, I know there's 4 products in there, but adding them up, the long term guidance you provided previously was about $8,300,000,000 I And you're already annualizing it close to 6%. So could you give us a sense of how much upside that portfolio has given the trends And then sort of on a related question, I hate to harp on the Jack question, but obviously there's a lot coming to us What this impact might be. So if you were confined to the 15 milligram dose, not because of any signal, but because of the regulator's This is view of the safety of the class. How much impact would that have on the $8,000,000,000 long term guidance? And do you have other levers that you could pull To fill whatever shortfall that would cause. Thanks. On the neuroscience portfolio, it is an area that we're Very excited about, so maybe Jeff and I will tag team here. But I think when you look at the 2 major growth franchises there Being the migraine franchise and the antipsychotic franchise with Baylor, Both of those we think have significant opportunity to continue to grow. And you're obviously seeing new provi now perform extremely well in the marketplace. I I think Jeff can give you probably a little more color on that. And Vaylor is continuing to perform very well as well. I think If we are able to achieve one positive study on MDD, I think that will give us significant growth going forward. So this is a franchise That we're excited about. I think it will be a meaningful franchise for us over the long term scenario where we continue to look at assets that we could potentially add to it. And I think it will be a nice growth driver for us. Jeff? Yes. I think just to reiterate, as I mentioned in my comments, The oral CGRP market is moving very nicely. It's hit, I mentioned 16% for the quarter, but now on the weeklies, 17 or above on just the penetration of that segment. And so we see a lot of runway in that segment over our long range planning. Certainly, the availability of another oral CGRP, in this case for episodic migraine, Allows us to compete in a much larger segment beyond the acute. And to Rick's point, remember, we have the big anchor And this is actually in some ways non overlapping because we have a big injector base for BOTOX and then we can have the neurologist in Primary care base for atogepant. And so when you look basically really across the waterfront, leading acute agents, Oral, very, very potent and active oral agent in the middle with episodic and then on the back end with With BOTOX, it's a very nice portfolio for us that will drive growth. And as Rick mentioned, we are Encouraged on the potential for adjunctive MDD. And that segment itself, when we do the market analysis, is about as large, The adjunctive MDD segment as bipolar depression. And so this basically has the opportunity for us to really double the potential Penetration over our long range plans. So we're very encouraged over this set of assets. And Jeff, this is Rob. I would just add, if you take the pieces we've given in terms of long term guidance, For VRAYLAR, we've talked about approaching $4,000,000,000 with the current approved indications. For migraine, both UBRELVI and etogepan, we've talked about Peak potential of greater than $1,000,000,000 for each of those assets. And then we have DUOPO Plus, we have 951 in the pipeline that I think can drive significant growth In addition to our early stage pipeline neuroscience, I do see that as a therapeutic area that will drive long term growth for the company going forward. Great. Thanks. And then to JAK? On the Jack, we've obviously evaluated carefully The positioning of the product, I think if we look at where we are today, one, we're confident in the high dose, that has a good risk benefit But I would tell you, it wouldn't change our guidance going forward. The assumptions that we have made in areas like atopic dermatitis, We believe we can get to those assumptions without the high dose. That doesn't mean that we don't want the high dose, but at the end of the day, I believe we can We will maintain the guidance that we have based on that. The other thing that I would point out is that we've had additional data on On upadacitinib or RINVOC across a number of areas since that guidance, including IBD. So we've had the UC data that have come largely since And those have exceeded our expectations. And so we remain confident overall in the performance of Renovo. Great. Thanks, Jen. Thanks, Jeffrey. Operator, next question please. Thank you. Our next question comes from Andrew Baum with Citi. Your line is open. Many thanks. A couple of questions, please. There's not much bipartisan agreement in the U. S. Over drug price reform, But there seems to be a lot when it comes to antitrust in relation to the pharmaceutical industry. So perhaps Rick could comment following last night's House Committee on the Judiciary, Where there was lots of pointed talk from both sides focusing firstly on passing tickets, 2nd, on having a presumption of anticompetitive behavior in terms of assessments of Large scale, in particular M and A, meaning that it would impact future business development for the industry. So that's The first question. And then the second question, rather more positive. In terms of the JAK, when I look at consensus, The forecast for INBOC are about $6,000,000,000 When you look at the size of the opportunity in RA alone, let alone psoriatic arthritis, Atopic dermatitis you see and the other indications you have, is it conceivable to you, short of this drug effectively or the class being Heavily limited or pulled from the market that that $6,000,000,000 looks like incredibly conservative estimates for what this drug could do. Andrew, this is Rick. I mean, I'll obviously comment maybe on your point of view around the antitrust discussions. Clearly, I've accepted the invitation to be able to testify to the committee on May 18. We certainly feel absolutely comfortable and confident in the way we operate in this market. This is a highly competitive market Where HUMIRA competes and certainly as we look at the patents that were issued for HUMIRA, They went through a rigorous process in order to be issued. They represent true innovation to the product. They were challenged by competitors, just like every competitor has a right to challenge a patent if they don't believe it's valid or appropriate. And those patents were challenged and the vast majority of those patents survived that challenge. And what I'd say is when we look at Behavior in this market, I think our behavior was absolutely pro competitive. We have patents that went all the way out to 2,034 In that portfolio and yet we chose to license every single biosimilar player in 2023, literally 11 years So, I feel highly confident in the position that we have taken in this marketplace We have operated totally appropriately. And then your next question on Winvoke. I'm sorry, I was thinking about the first one. So can you repeat your question? I will. I mean, just finishing on the first, so you referenced your future test. I mean, I guess it was more general love than just AbbVie centric, How it would impact BD and the ability of the industry to operate If pricing can't get resolved, but moving on to the second question. So my question was whether consensus forecast For, RINVOC, look unrealistically conservative, given the scale of the opportunities and given in RA alone, looking at the Size of that market, it's a progressive disease that you don't actually need atopic dermatitis to get In excess of where consensus currently pegs forecast, which when we look about $6,000,000,000 Andrew, this is Rob. I'll start and then I'll hand it over to Jeff. I think we agree with you. We do think consensus is conservative. We've given the 2025 Guidance of $8,000,000,000 for RINVOC and we would expect it to grow beyond 2025. When I look at the current consensus, Obviously, as you quoted, it's a little bit just a little bit above $6,000,000,000 from the numbers I'm looking at. And I look at the growth beyond $25,000,000 it's nowhere near what we're expecting. So we feel very good about The opportunity there, I think what we've covered with you in December still holds as we've broken out the contribution By indication, we still feel very good about that, but we would agree that consensus is very conservative right now. Yes. Thanks, Rob. It's Jeff. And agree, it's These are spectacular assets with incredibly dynamic markets. So we see across the rheumatology markets, the atopic derm market, we see the IBD market, Which with both assets we think is underappreciated. I mean even expansions in second and third lines as new assets Come in, that are really, breakthrough assets with higher levels of efficacy. And so we clearly believe that consensus is conservative here. And just to comment on atopic derm, this is an explosive market. I mean, it is significantly underdeveloped in In terms of the penetration, though it's going to grow substantially. And even if you look at conservative assumptions on where we source business, the Growth of the 2nd line, that's not to say that we're not going to be very competitive in frontline. It's a very, very attractive space. And again, I think the performance that we've seen, the clinical performance that we've seen right now primarily on the induction trials For SKYRIZI and RINVOK. SKYRIZI and Crohn's, RINVOK and UC is very, very encouraging. And so we see that cascading over our long range So we are very, very bullish, agree that consensus is conservative. Many thanks. Thank you, Andrew. Operator, next question please. Yes. Our next question comes from Vamil Divan with Mizuho Securities. Your line is open. Great. Thanks so much for taking my questions. Maybe a couple, if I could, on the migraine side. So first on Yubrelbi, you mentioned it looks like the class is doing very well And gaining share. It also looks like over the last few weeks or so, you've been gaining a little share within the class relative to Nurtec. So I'm just wondering if you can sort of share your perspective on what you think is driving that. Some of the thought it might be just a pricing and access, but Based on our calculation, it looks like your gross to net is actually lower than what it is from the Biohaven side. So any perspective would be helpful. And then on I told you, Pam, maybe just a little more if you could talk to your go to market strategy assuming approval in September, especially again given Nurtec will likely have an indication for both Treatment and prevention. So how do you see kind of coming in with 2 separate drugs, it could be 2 copays, it could be just a different sort of message relative to what your single drugs are. Just any perspective on how you'll compete with that would be helpful as well. Thank you. Okay, perfect. It's Jeff. And in terms of the acute market, as I mentioned, the penetration of the overall segment is increasing very, very nicely, As I highlighted, if you look at the mix between, uBrelvie and Nurtec, We have gained a little bit over the last few weeks, but it's very close. I mean, we typically run at 51%, 52%, 53 percent of the new prescription basis. I think you are quite perceptive over the value creation that's taking place there. And I clearly don't have full insight into the Biohaven all through, but we've been quite We have over 90% commercial access, so we're quite comfortable where we are from an overall access perspective. And our team remains Quite disciplined in terms of making sure that we both drive the right type of volume with our positioning, but also the right type of profitability over time. So we're encouraged with our continued momentum with UBRELVI. In terms of etogepant, I think what's quite impressive About our program there is just the sheer level of efficacy that we have. And I think this is very important in terms of sometimes the narrative over simple or easy versus look, how do you think about the best drug for episodic Look, how do you think about the best drug for episodic prevention, particularly when you choose an oral? So we are at the very, very high end of the Migraine Freedom or the days of migraine control with this new asset. And we think that frankly, you need to take care of the migraine Anatogepant will be very well positioned to do that. We also think that we'll have nice synergies. Obviously, we have a fairly significant sales force that is Promoting UBRELVI to both neurologists and then high prescribing general practitioners and it will fit in very well as we put atogepant into that sales So we're set up well we think for our go to market. Okay. Thank you very much. Thanks, Vamil. Operator, next question please. Our next question comes from Tim Anderson with Wolfe Research. Your line is open. Thank you. A couple of questions, please. I haven't heard really any drug company this reporting season talk about Future potential austerity measures in ex U. S. Geographies, meaning broad based price cuts Following from the impact of COVID, so as a company as one of the few companies that's given detailed long term financial guidance, I'm guessing you have And thinking about this and I'm wondering how you are currently viewing this in terms of its likelihood of occurring and what the magnitude could be and what the timing might be? And then second question just on early stage pipeline asset, your TNF steroid antibody drug conjugate. I believe you have in house probably Fair amount of data that the markets haven't seen yet. I'm wondering when we might see additional human data and what your current level So Tim, this is Rick. I'll cover the OUS I mean, certainly, if we go back to 2,008, we saw that kind of an impact. So as we were building out our long range We have made some sets of assumptions around that. I would expect that we will see some pressure outside the U. S. Going forward, over the next couple of years, it's certainly manageable within the expectations that we have built For the business going forward, certainly based on that level of experience that we've seen historically, it's manageable. So It is something that we have contemplated and I would frankly expect to see some level of pressure going forward. So this is Mike. I'll take the second question. With respect to the TNF steroid conjugate program, We're obviously advancing ABBV-one hundred and fifty four. We have a large Phase IIb RA study that will start And then we're starting studies, in additional immune mediated conditions as well over the course of the year. With respect to publication of the The data from 3,373, which is the closely related compound from the same platform that we top line results sometime ago. I think you can expect to see more detailed data over the course of the summer. Thanks, Tim. Operator, next question please. Thank you. Our next question comes from Steve Scala with Cowen. Your line is open. Many thanks. First on RINVOC, I'm curious about safety data has FDA been provided that it did not have previously And has all of it been previously presented? And if not, what was the conclusion of what now has been submitted? So that's the first question. And secondly, regarding IMBRUVICA, to what extent can AbbVie tease out COVID impact on new patient starts versus This is Mike. I'll take the first question and then Rick will handle the With respect to RINVOC, the additional safety data that were presented to the FDA or provided to the FDA are essentially a roll forward of the analysis that we did at the time of the NDA submission. Obviously, our database continues To grow, we accumulate patient years experience. And so there weren't fundamentally new analyses, But we did an updated assessment with the additional data that have accrued in the time between submission and when we submitted those responses. And what I would say is, the data that we reviewed, have not changed, our impression of Benefit Risk in any way. I think they're very consistent With all of the data that have been publicly presented, obviously, since they represent data that were current up to the time that we submitted just a few weeks ago, Not all of these data have been presented in the public domain, but I would say that our response is very consistent with what we have described publicly in the past. And on your second question, this is Rick. We get data on new patient starts. So we have relatively, I think accurate data, it's offset by a couple of months. I'll have Jeff maybe talk about it a little more detail. So we know any CLL patient when they Regardless of therapy, we can measure that. And obviously, we can measure again what type of therapy they start on. So I think the level of data integrity that we operate with from a market standpoint here is pretty good. It's offset by a few months. Maybe Jeff can speak to the time offset that it's Thanks, Jeff. So we can we have pretty good visibility to what's happening from the share perspective versus the market start Perspecta, I'll give you some flavor. With regard to Calquence, we can see the impact of the approvals in the front and second line CLL, And it's largely consistent with what our expectations were. So they're ramping in a similar fashion to what we saw in the MCL or NHL. So We know that there's some impact on IMBRUVICA there. The largest impact has been unfortunately into the market and unfortunately, I mean for the patients. So I'll give you a little bit of the numbers. So typically the CLL market, which is the largest driver, it grows sort of at a population level like 2% Every year, if you look at the impact from COVID, we can see almost 3 different waves. We can see a wave where the new patient starts in the market. We're down in the high teens in the first part, okay? Then it started to claw back a little bit into the single digits down And then it got hit again into the teens in the August period, and we saw it down again in early January about 18%. So We can see what's happening. And as I mentioned in my remarks, the biggest impact here has been on continued market And Steve, this is Rob. I would just remind you also in the Q1 that we had the stocking impact from COVID last year. So if you adjust for that, it's about a 4 point impact on IMBRUVICA's growth year over year due to the prior year comp with the stocking impact. Thank you. Thanks, Steve. Operator, next question please. Yes. Thank you. Our next question comes from David Risinger with Morgan Stanley. Your line is open. Yes. Thanks very much and congrats on the results and updates. I have two questions. First, Just to follow on, on that comment, could you just help us understand a little bit more about why IMBRUVICA It's such an outlier in the cancer market, why the pandemic is hitting IMBRUVICA very hard, whereas The pandemic is not hitting other cancer agents so hard. And then second, with respect to aesthetics, It's obviously booming and it is validating your acquisition of Allergan. But I think I think that you updated guidance for the year for BOTOX Cosmetic to $1,900,000,000 and that implies Flat sequential sales from the $477,000,000 that you booked in the Q1. So if you could explain that, please? Thank you. This is Mike. I'll take the first question and then others will comment on your second question. With respect to why IMBRUVICA is being hit harder than other anticancer agents in the pandemic, I think it has to do with the Underlying rate of progression of CLL. So CLL, while it is a very significant limiter of long term function and survival, In the short term, there's a sense that therapy can be delayed if necessary because the rate of progression is relatively slower than other forms of cancer, for example, Certainly much slower than AML, another indication that we are very active in the hemonc space. And so I think in the setting of the pandemic, that's why you are seeing more deferrals for start of therapy, and in some cases, Longer time to switch of therapy, which would explain why IMBRUVICA dynamics are different than other anti cancer agents And David, this is Rob. On your question regarding BOTOX Cosmetic, so we did see in the Q1, if you just look at toxins Growth is over 30% in the Q1. There is some impact from pent up demand as you come out of the pandemic. But we feel very good about the long The forecast we put forward, we obviously took it up $100,000,000 So we essentially passed through the beat in the quarter. I'd say your math on flat sequentially, I think it's up a little bit. But really If you consider that we did have some level of pent up demand come through in the quarter, you got to back that out to really understand the underlying demand dynamics. Thank you. Thanks, David. Operator, next question please. Yes. Our next question comes from Ronny Gal with Bernstein. Your line is open. Hi, everybody. Congratulations on a very nice quarter and thank you for fitting me in. Two questions, if I may. First, there was a data presenter from Richter About negative symptoms improvement using Vraylar. I was wondering what is your take on the data in terms of your ability to use it in the United States? Is Is this something that you're considering doing a trial on? Could this potentially be added to the label and so forth? And second, I wasn't the growth in vodex neurology is really impressive. It seems relatively odd that there was such a big jump in the middle of a wave of the epidemic in January, February for a physician administered product. Can you just give us a flavor of what's the underlying trends there? There's just a lot more success that you're having in pushing for patients who failed at CDR pain This is Mike. I'll take the first question, and then others will comment on your second With respect to negative symptoms and the treatment of those negative symptoms in schizophrenia, it's a very challenging area. It's a very important area Because they're responsible for much of the long term loss of function in patients who suffer from schizophrenia. It has been a very Difficult area to approach in general, and we believe Vraylar has a good profile there and has a good overall impact on the disease, a very strong overall impact on the disease. But it's also one that's been very challenging from a labeling perspective in the U. S. It's been a very difficult claim to get in the U. S. So it's not clear that there is a specific path to negative symptoms, in the label, but I do think the overall profile VRAYLAR in schizophrenia both with respect to symptom control and benefit risk are viewed Very positively by treating physicians and I think the overall benefits are well understood by treating physicians and I think that is reflected in Brilada's overall strong performance. Yes. And it's Jeff. In regard to BOTOX, it's insightful because we are seeing some robust activity, particularly in migraine. And I think there's a couple of reasons for that. One, Rick highlighted the sales force dynamics in China. We've definitely focused Our sales team on the migraine component and the other thing that's taken place is a little bit, I think of an investment approach. We've had more consistent consumer investment since, we had the integration than previously, So I think the combination of the consumer investment, new ways where patients access a injector neurologist, they can get Sample of BOTOX right at their first appointment rather than wait for many months. There are various commercial reasons we think That give us a lot of encouragement on the therapeutic BOTOX performance, again, specifically and particularly in migraine. Thank you. Thanks, Ronny. Operator, next question please. Yes. Our next question comes from Terence Flynn with Goldman Sachs. Your line is open. Great. Thanks for taking the question. Maybe 2 for me. I recognize there's still a lot of unknowns here, but how are you thinking about the potential Headwind from any changes to corporate tax rates and GILTI. And then given the progress you outlined on debt pay down, You'll be back to about a 2 times leverage ratio you mentioned. How are you thinking about capital allocation into the end of this year and into 2022? What types of assets So, this is Rick. I'll cover the I mean, as you said, it's certainly early in the process and we obviously know what's being proposed, but we don't necessarily I know where we will end up. I think one of the important things that we need to continue to think through is if we go back to One of the reasons why back in 2017, tax reform was passed was to make sure that 2 things happen. 1, that U. S. Based companies were competitive to their foreign competitors and 2, it encouraged companies like ours To invest in the United States, and I can certainly talk about the AbbVie example. I mean, I think it's pretty compelling when you sit back and look at We were able to go out and acquire an Irish company, redomicile it back to the United States. AbbVie today has 24,000 jobs in the United States. We've also increased investment significantly in the U. S. Since tax reform. Over the last 3 years, we've invested $1,500,000,000 We committed that we would do $2,500,000,000 over time. We're going to exceed that commitment. We've added about 1500 jobs over that period of time. So companies like ours clearly took the benefit of tax reform and have and that has allowed us to be able to be more competitive, and certainly in the acquisition of a company like Allergan. I I think that was clearly demonstrated, but we also have invested much more aggressively in the U. S. So I think going forward, one of the things that's important For policymakers to balance is to make sure that we don't go back to where we were and that is where U. S. Companies aren't as competitive against their foreign competitors. The current proposal would make the U. S. Have the highest rate of all developed countries. I'm not sure that's the position So hopefully as we go forward, there'll be a balance that's looked at in raising taxes, but also making companies maintain In a competitive position, and continue to be incented to invest in the U. S. Arren, this is Rob. On your question regarding capital allocation, I'll start and then Mike will add more color in terms of BD. We've said all along as we continue we will continue to delever through 2023, so think about that net leverage ratio getting to 2 times in 2022. I think your balance sheet would be in very good shape, but we want to continue to pay down the debt through 20 During that period, we've allocated $2,000,000,000 of capital for business development. You've seen us do some very nice deals, whether if you look at Genmab, I Mab, we've done a number of nice transactions in the space with that amount of capital, but I'll let Mike speak to future opportunities as well. In terms of areas in which we would expect We'll continue to be active in oncology, both in hematological oncology And in solid tubers that has been an area of focus for us and I see that continuing as an area of focus. We would certainly like to add to the aesthetics Franchise, we've talked about how we will invest and continue to drive that franchise. And from a business development perspective, I think there are a number of opportunities there That could present themselves in that timeframe. And there are other areas that opportunistically we would certainly like to add to. I would point to neuroscience We could find the right opportunities, and eye care, as additional areas where we could be investing. Thanks, Terrence. Operator, next question please. Yes. Our next question comes from Daniel Busby with RBC Capital Markets. Your line is open. Hi, good morning. I'd like to ask a follow-up on aesthetics and your high single digit annual growth target for that business over the next decade. Broadly speaking, how much of that growth is dependent on bringing new products to market such as long and short acting toxins versus Driving continued growth from the aesthetics portfolio that you have today. And second, as we near the 1 year anniversary of your acquisition of Allergan, Can you provide updated thoughts on your appetite for potential divestitures of non core products or therapeutic areas now that you've had about a year to digest that transaction? Thank you. This is Rick. I'll cover that and maybe Rob I can tag team along here. I think if you look at our overall estimate of high single digit growth on aesthetics, It's not heavily reliant on a large number of new products. There will be new products that come in. They're probably closer towards the End of the long range plan, so they don't have a significant impact on that overall growth rate. So We fundamentally believe that the market dynamics are such and the brands are competitive, Highly competitive in this market, that we have the ability to grow the market and continue to maintain our share position in that market That will allow us to be able to drive that level of growth or higher. Yes, this is Rob. I would just add that if you look at the aesthetics And we will see significant growth, not just from toxins and fillers, but also in body contouring. So as we think about, the potential for that leg of the stool, we think we've got really Three key drivers of growth within aesthetics that will help us get to that high single digit long term expectation. And again, as Rick mentioned, we're not counting on significant We will continue to drive innovation, particularly with toxins and fillers. And of course, as you've I've heard before, it's important with Invite Contouring to continue to drive innovation there as well. So we feel very good about that outlook and we're not counting on a ton from the pipeline there. And on your second question, I would say, even before the Allergan acquisition, we constantly looked at our portfolio And determine whether or not there were areas of our business that we ultimately thought we were interested in divesting, I'd say that's a process that we go through On a fairly consistent basis to ensure that we're maximizing the value of the assets that we have within our portfolio. And We will continue to do that. And when we find opportunities where we think that's the right strategy, then we'll execute against that strategy. Thanks, Daniel. Operator, next question please. Yes. Our next question comes from Ian Ackman with BMO Capital Markets. Your line is open. Thanks. A couple more for me on RINVOC. Are you hearing anecdotally any physicians that may be switching patients from XELJANZ to RINVOC in RA, if there's a perceived Safety benefit with RINVOC has a more selective jack. Are you able to take advantage of that at all? And then secondly, if RINVOC gets approved for atopic How will you look to build out your presence with dermatologists? Will you leverage your current footprint on the aesthetics side? Or will you have a completely different medical derm team? So just talk about how you go after that opportunity and how you're preparing for it given your clear level of excitement there? Thank you. Yes. Hi, it's Jeff, and I'll take both of those. So we are actually not hearing physicians From our intelligence, from our field teams actively thinking to switch patients from XELJANZ to RINVOC. I mean that's a big decision for a physician. What we have heard is when we do some of our research and our ear to the ground, We clearly see that oral surveillance is perceived as a Xeljanz issue. So typically what will happen is you may see people their foot off the gas on some new starts, but we don't see or hear certainly any widespread news of active Switching. So that's basically our intelligence on your first question. In terms of your second question, we will not be using the aesthetics sales force. We will basically leverage our existing infrastructure that we have with some expansion that we've taken place for Titus, I think as you know that in terms of our reputation amongst the medical derms is extremely strong. We have the number one reputation because of the years of HUMIRA in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis and HS. And obviously, we have a very, very strong impression and launch from SKYRIZI. So we basically designed a sales force that Through our management, which has been connected to these derms for more than a decade and existing reps With some new reps in there, we are building we have built a sales force that will work seamlessly with our SKYRIZI teams To give a very nice offering to those dermatologists. An important fact is that basically the overlap of those dermatologists that drive The atopic derm market is about 90% between the atopic derm market and the psoriasis market. So we feel we're well positioned in terms of how we set Our go to market approach, with the segment. Thanks, Gary. Operator, next question, please. Yes, our next question comes from Greg Gilbert with Truist Securities. Your line is open. Thank you. Mike, I was interested in your oral psoriasis commentary. Terry, are you assuming that a new bar has been set by ducravasitinib in terms of efficacy versus OTEZLA? And is that Something you're very mindful of as you consider your own programs. And secondly for Rick, I realize AbbVie was born out of a company that had devices and And pharma under one roof, but clearly you've embraced in aesthetics, for example, that good franchise building could involve drugs and devices or Drugs that need to be delivered by device. Does that apply as you think ahead about ophthalmology or other areas when you consider long term BD? Thank you. So this is Mike. I'll take the first question. With respect to oral psoriasis agents, we would want to come in from an efficacy perspective It was something that clearly exceeded the threshold that existed in the past with Otezla. And I think coming in, In a range that is HUMIRA like or better, would be our goal. I think if you look at BMS' TIK2, they sort Come in at that HUMIRA like efficacy. And so I think that is generally the range that we're talking about. I think when one talks about A direct comparison in terms of where AbbVieR is set, we have to look not only at efficacy, but at safety and at the totality of the data. Obviously, it's extremely early for our ROR gamma T agent, but we think it is a molecule, because it impacts very well understood, biology with A good understanding of where to go from an efficacy perspective and a good understanding of safety that we can get in a range that's very competitive there. So I think we'd be looking for that, HUMIRA like efficacy or greater as something that we would like to use to enter the space with an oral, obviously Coupled with a strong safety profile. On your second question, this is Rick. I mean, I think the way we approach the markets That we operate in is we look for areas where there are significant unmet need and then we ultimately try to come up with solutions for those needs. Sometimes it's It's a struggle only. In fact, I'd say the majority of our historical experience as AbbVie has been, it was drug only. But as an example, 951 It's a good example of where it's a combination product, right, a device and a drug. Certainly, as we look at ophthalmology, we have implantable devices That were part of the Allergan acquisition that are important therapeutic options that are available for physicians and patients. So I'd say we tend to go at it and we're certainly not opposed to devices being part of it, if they can Add to the ability to be able to provide for an advancement in standard of care. In aesthetics, as Rob indicated a moment ago, We're looking at what is that big third leg on the stool and we believe that is body. And I would say In the area of body, devices are going to play a much more critical role. And so that's an area where I think you'll see us embrace Even device only kinds of strategies because they provide the right solution for that particular improvement. So it's an area that we historically many of us know well because of our experience as you pointed out in our previous life. But I'd say also the teams in the organization itself tend to look for broad based solutions that can meet the unmet need. Thank you. Thanks, Greg. Operator, we have time for one final question. Thank you. Our last question comes from Navin Jacob with UBS. Your line is open. Hi, thanks so much for Squeezing me in here a couple if I may, if we have time. But just on Vraylar, you have strong Long term guidance of $4,000,000,000 with just the existing indications. But the script trends at least It seemed to have slowed down obviously in part because Niro has been weak as an overall therapeutic area during the pandemic. But Just wondering and just given that the quarter itself was a little bit weaker, I think, versus expectations, can you talk about the broader neuro market? Is that weakness there because we do see strength with UBRELVI and with BOTOX Therapeutic. Just wondering if there's something going on specifically with Vraylar. Has the bipolar depression opportunity been tapped out for some reason? And What can you need to do to accelerate growth for VRAYLAR with the existing indications? That's number 1. And number 2, on RINVogue, I think everyone understands the rates around DVTPE and MACE. But If you could give a little bit more clarity on based on the updated data that you filed with the agency, what the rate of malignancy is Across the indications and whether that's any different between the strengths and how that compares to the background rate? Thank you so much. Yes. Hi, it's Jeff. I'll take the VRAYLAR comment. The macro Prescription market has been down a little bit versus historical trends. But we really think it's simply a timing issue, and I'll give you some numbers that So, before COVID hit, right in the Q1 of last year, The new to brand or the MBRx for Vraylar was about 3,500 new to brand prescriptions a week. And what we saw is During COVID, that dropped down all the way to about 2,700. That was the nadir. And then it's consistently come back up. So Towards the end of March, we started to hit or recover that pre COVID historical rate. So progress And ultimately, the way we see these markets functions as you recover your NBRx momentum, the TRxs will start So we're encouraged on the latest trends, but your point is right, it has been a little bit soft on the market and certainly, as a brand Vraylar dropped because of But it's now really fully recovered and so we should see continued recovery of the momentum there. So hopefully that helps. This is Mike. I'll take your second question. With respect to the rates of malignancies excluding non melanoma skin cancer because that's The way these rates are typically reviewed. I recently described a rate across RINVOC Studies with roughly 10,000 patient years experience of 0.8 events per 100 patient years And that compared to an expected rate that was 0.9 or higher depending on the estimate. So we'll call it in the range of about 0.9 events. So not different from that expected rate and without any difference Between doses, so no evidence of a dose response. And nothing that we've seen in the recent work that we've done changes that view in any way. Thanks, Devine. That concludes today's conference call. If you'd like to listen to a replay of the call, please visit our website at investors. AbbVie.com. Thanks again for joining us. Thank you for your participation. Participants, you may disconnect at this time.