Good morning, and welcome to the ADM second quarter 2022 earnings conference call. All lines have been placed on a listen-only mode to prevent background noise. As a reminder, this conference call is being recorded. I would now like to introduce your host for today's call, Michael Cross, Director of Investor Relations. You may begin.
Thank you, Alex. Good morning, and welcome to ADM second quarter earnings webcast. Starting tomorrow, a replay of today's webcast will be available at adm.com. Please turn to slide two, the company's safe harbor statement, which says that some of our comments and materials constitute forward-looking statements that reflect management's current views and estimates of future economic circumstances, industry conditions, company performance, and financial results. These statements and materials are based on many assumptions and factors that are subject to risks and uncertainties. ADM has provided additional information in its reports on file with the SEC concerning assumptions and factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the presentation. To the extent permitted under applicable law, ADM assumes no obligations to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information or future events.
On today's webcast, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Juan Luciano, will provide an overview of the quarter and highlight some of our accomplishments. Our Chief Financial Officer, Vikram Luthar, will review the drivers of our performance as well as corporate results and financial highlights. Juan will make some final comments, and he and Vikram will take your questions. Please turn to slide three. I will now turn the call over to Juan.
Thank you, Michael. This morning, we reported outstanding second quarter adjusted earnings per share of $2.15. Adjusted segment operating profit was $1.8 billion. Our trailing fourth quarter Adjusted EBITDA approached $6 billion. Our trailing fourth quarter average adjusted ROIC was 11.6%. Our team executed extremely well in the second quarter, navigating dynamic conditions to deliver nutrition to billions. Even as we work tirelessly to serve our customers and consumers around the globe, we are continuing to advance our strategy with productivity initiatives that are improving our efficiency and cost structure and innovation work that is powering profitable growth. Slide four, please. Productivity is how we are improving our execution and optimizing costs. It's key to our long-term success, but equally as importantly, our productivity work is helping us mitigate the impact of inflation.
We have a very strong pipeline of productivity initiatives, and I will be updating you on them regularly. There are two initiatives I like to highlight today. First is a set of operational transformation efforts we are driving across production facilities around the globe and spanning all three businesses. Earlier this year, we completed a modernization project in our Marshall, Minnesota corn facility that is unlocking significant new value through enhanced automation, more sophisticated control systems, and the increased use of analytics. We're already seeing double-digit returns on the investment we made in that project. This is an example of the kinds of projects we're undertaking across our operational footprint, designed to unlock incremental volumes and deliver safer, more reliable, more cost-efficient operations. Second, as we look to continue to grow returns, we want to focus not only on the numerator but also the denominator.
Our original Billion Dollar Challenge and its follow-up, The Next Billion, help us drive to 10% ROIC. Earlier this year, we launched a new challenge aimed at monetizing assets and optimizing working capital to unlock another $1 billion in cash, helping us to continue to drive returns. In fact, we already realized more than $400 million. Next slide, please. We're also advancing our innovation pillar, fueling profitable growth as we continue to expand our capabilities to meet demand across the three global trends of food security, health and well-being, and sustainability. For example, last November, we added significant new capabilities in our health and wellness business with the acquisition of Deerland Probiotics. Demand in the human microbiome space is expected to reach $9.1 billion by 2026, while in animal feed, probiotic demand is expected to grow to $6.2 billion.
Deerland, with a broad portfolio of probiotics, prebiotics, and enzymes, provides a wide array of commercial, R&D, and operations-related synergy opportunities to help us meet that demand. We're taking advantage of those opportunities, from connecting our Deerland capabilities with our Biopolis team in Spain to utilize sport probiotics in a functional chocolate bar, to bringing together our expertise to expand our capabilities in pet, a key growth category, to looking across teams to offer new types of dietary supplements. Thanks to the strong collaboration across the enterprise, Deerland today is increasing our share of wallet with for customers in both human and pet solutions. We're seeing similar outcomes from other recent investments as well. In the first half of the year, our combined portfolio of 2021 nutrition acquisitions have delivered significantly more OP than we had in our acquisition models.
Now, I'd like to turn the call over to Vikram to talk about our business performance. Vikram?
Thanks, Juan. Slide six, please. The Ag Services and Oilseeds team delivered exceptional results in a dynamic market. Ag Services results more than doubled versus the year-ago quarter. Global trade had an outstanding quarter. The destination marketing team's ability to meet customer demand around the globe helped drive strong volumes and margins. Good execution in global freight, as well as net timing gains of about $65 million for the quarter, contributed to significantly higher year-over-year profits. North America had a solid performance as export volumes remained strong in a good global demand environment, though year-over-year results were lower due to the prior year's insurance settlement and strong positioning gains. South America results were higher based on stronger origination volumes and better margins driven by strong global grain demand. Crushing delivered substantially higher results.
Strong soy crush margins drove improved performance in all three regions as meal and oil demand remained robust. Positive net timing effects of approximately $90 million for the quarter versus the $70 million of negative timing in the year ago period helped drive year-over-year results. Refined products and other results were similar to the prior year period as strong demand for biofuels and food oils drove refining premiums and biodiesel margins, offset by approximately $150 million of negative timing effects versus - $30 million in the prior year quarter. Equity earnings from Wilmar were significantly higher versus the second quarter of 2021.
Looking ahead for AS&O, we expect Q3, the seasonal transition quarter from the South American to the North American harvest, to deliver results significantly higher than the prior year period, driven by continued strong global demand for grains and strong cash crush margins. Slide seven, please. The Carbohydrate Solutions team delivered a second quarter of extremely strong results. The starches and sweeteners sub-segment, including ethanol production from our wet mills, delivered much better results due to solid demand as food service volumes reached close to pre-pandemic levels. Corn co-products, including strong demand for corn oil and effective risk management, drove higher ethanol and sweetener margins. BioSolutions continued its strong growth with $81 million in year-over-year revenue growth in Q2 and $136 million year- to- date. Vantage Corn Processors results were slightly higher in an environment of good gasoline demand and strong ethanol blending economics.
A $50 million recovery from the USDA Biofuel Producer Program helped offset the prior year's strong industrial alcohol results from the now sold Peoria facility, as well as valuation losses on ethanol inventory as prices fell late in the quarter. Looking ahead to the third quarter, we expect results significantly higher versus the third quarter of 2021, driven by steady demand for our products and favorable ethanol blending economics. On slide eight, the Nutrition business continued on its strong growth trajectory with 19% year-over-year profit growth. Revenues increased by 20% on a constant currency basis and 13% like for like, and the team did a good job protecting margins. Human nutrition delivered higher year-over-year results. Flavors grew revenue in North America, EMEA, and South America, though profits were lower due to negative currency effects in EMEA, as well as weaker results in APAC.
Healthy demand for alternative proteins resulted in strong soy protein volumes and margins as contributions from the soy protein acquisition, as well as good demand for texturants, drove higher results in specialty ingredients. Strength across probiotics, including in the recently acquired Deerland business, as well as robust demand for fibers, contributed to a stronger quarter in health and wellness. Across the human nutrition business, we continue to see low price elasticity and good demand for our diverse portfolio of ingredients and systems as we continue to support our customers with new product and cost out innovation and drive industry-leading win rates. Animal nutrition profits were up substantially year-over-year, driven by continued strong volumes and margins in amino acids. Looking ahead, we expect third quarter results for nutrition to be higher year- over- year as the business remains on a trajectory to deliver 20% OP growth for the full year.
Slide nine, please. Other business results increased from the prior year quarter, driven primarily by higher ADM Investor Services earnings due to higher short-term interest rates. In the corporate lines, unallocated corporate costs of $267 million was slightly higher year- over- year, due primarily to higher IT operating and project-related costs and higher costs in the company's centers of excellence. Net interest expense for the quarter increased year- over -year on higher rates and higher short-term borrowings to support working capital needs, as well as higher expense for long-term debt. The effective tax rate for the second quarter of 2022 was approximately 18%. Based upon our current outlook, we expect full-year corporate costs to trend towards $1.3 billion versus our previous outlook of about $1.2 billion, largely due to higher year-over-year interest rates.
We still expect our adjusted tax rate to be in the range of 16%-19%. Next slide, please. Year-to-date operating cash flows before working capital of $3.2 billion are up significantly versus $2.2 billion at the same time last year. Our balance sheet remains solid with a net debt to total capital ratio of about 30% and available liquidity of about $11.5 billion. Driven by our strong cash flows and robust earnings, we expect to accelerate our share repurchase program, adding to the $200 million we repurchased in the second quarter of the year with an additional $1 billion in the back half. Of course, the strong cash flows and balance sheet also preserve our flexibility to continue reinvesting in the business and advancing upside growth opportunities.
Our CapEx outlook is unchanged at approximately $1.3 billion for the year. Juan?
Thank you, Vikram. Slide 11, please. For context, as we discuss our outlook, I would like to go back to the goals and drivers we laid out at our Global Investor Day in December. We talked about the plan in which our strategic productivity and innovation actions will continue to build a better ADM and align our portfolio to meet accelerating structural demand changes driven by the enduring global trends of food security, health and well-being, and sustainability, and how that would drive a strong earnings trajectory over the planned horizon. What has transpired since then is that some of the market factors have reinforced and further enhanced the value proposition of our diverse product portfolio and our integrated global network of assets. This helps drive stronger than expected margins.
While we may see some reversion in the medium term, we now believe that margin structures are generally higher than when we had laid out in December. We are in a trajectory to deliver a very strong second half, resulting in expected full-year earnings above $6.50 per share. As Vikram said, the strong cash flows we are generating will enable us to accelerate the timing of our share repurchase program with $1 billion in repurchases in the back half of the year. As we look beyond that, we have not changed our strategy, nor our expectations of strong earnings growth and returns over our planned horizon. As we laid out at our Global Investor Day, there are upside opportunities to our medium-term plan. As we have already covered today, we are advancing those now and realizing higher value from them.
Higher BioSolutions revenue growth, higher health and wellness OP contributions, the operational transformation across the enterprise, we expect these and more to add further upside in the medium term. The opportunities before us are significant. I am proud of what our team has achieved, but I'm even more excited about what we're going to deliver tomorrow, next year, and in the years to come. With that, operator, please open the line for questions.
Thank you. As a reminder, if you'd like to ask a question, you can press star one on your telephone keypad. If you'd like to withdraw your question, you may press star two. Please ensure you're unmuted locally when asking your question. Our first question for today comes from Ben Bienvenu from Stephens. Ben, your line is now open.
Hey, thank you. Good morning, everybody.
Morning, Ben.
I wanna ask one kind of bigger picture conceptual question, and then my second question is more near term in nature. The first is on the accelerated share repurchase. I'd be curious to hear a little bit more about all of the decision points that flow into that bigger picture decision. You know, I would imagine you highlighted strong underlying fundamentals in the business. I'd imagine there's a component associated with working capital as well as some of that frees up with commodity markets cooling a bit. I'm curious also to get an update on your longer term capacity expansion pipeline and how on schedule those build outs are. Should we think of share repurchase as a lever to throttle up and pull back depending on, you know, M&A and CapEx timing of kind of long-lived capital investments?
That's my first question.
Yeah. Thank you, Ben. Good question. We are maintaining our balanced capital allocation that we put together some, you know, years back. We always said that we're gonna take about 30%-40% of our free cash flow to reinvest in the business. That's what our strategy of bolt-on and organic growth normally takes. That will be the priority. We have exciting opportunities ahead of us, so we're gonna prioritize our investment plan. Of course, we've been paying dividends for, you know, 90 years, we've been growing dividends for more than 40 years, and we will continue that. We increased dividends 8% this year.
When we're looking at our distribution, again, this 60%-70%, whether there are strategic opportunities to do M&A, or giving back to shareholders as we said before. At this point in time when, you know, valuations may be correcting and all that, we don't have any significant targets in front of us. Our team continued to look for bolt-ons. Given the significant strength of our cash flows, we have decided to, you know, honor that return of shareholder of funds to shareholders. I would say, we will maintain that balance allocation. We are not...
In the plan, when we presented it in December, we were looking at the later part of the plan as we were approaching $6-$7 per share, that we will have ability to repurchase about $5 billion of that. Certainly, we will be, as I said in my initial remark, north of $6.50 today. Some of those buybacks are accelerated to this scenario. I would say it continues to be consistent in that regard. Is there a later part of the question I'm missing or forgetting, Francisco? Oh, the capacity to increase.
Yep.
Yeah, or organic capacity. Listen, we are, as you can, Vikram mentioned it, we are increasing our CapEx, you know, into $1.3. We've been accelerating some long lead equipment this year to make sure that our capacity expansions remain on schedule. If we look at the big ones that we have right now, whether it's Spiritw ood, it's still expected to be online by the harvest of 2023. We are expanding capacity in bioactives in Valencia. That's expected to come in the first quarter of 2023. That's also on schedule. I would say in general across the globe, since we have the ability and the funds, we've been making sure that we eliminated that risk or we minimize that risk.
Of course, there is always a risk of labor, and labor is tight, especially in North America. I think at this point in time, we don't have any major deviation to our plans.
Okay, great. My second question is related to the grappling of supply and demand that we're seeing right now. Obviously, you highlighted your expectation of structurally higher margins across your business. That makes sense given the kind of bigger picture structural changes in demand that support the profitability of your business over the next couple years. We are starting to see demand destruction cyclically as the consumer deteriorates. I think your business is really well-positioned, but I'm curious about kind of what you guys are keeping your eyes on relative to a deteriorating underlying consumer and that the consequence of that rippling back up the supply chain, the value chain potentially. Thank you.
Yeah. Well, listen, we're watching the demand, of course. We work very closely with our customers and our farmers on this. I would say we have seen demand substitution, demand shifting here or there, and you see it in retail maybe to private label. We've seen a little bit too, people looking into smaller packaging to make things more affordable. I would say if I think of the big categories for ADM, food tends to be, despite all these comments, much more reliable, much more stable in that just the essential nature of that.
I think our fuels business, our biofuels business in general, are more tied to programs that are long-term and to initiatives to reduce, you know, emissions and improve climate over the long term. They also tend to be relatively firm, if you will, and we see that with RGD bringing new demand for oil. If we have any issue in edible oils, it's certainly been more than offset by the new demand on renewables. I would say the area where maybe we keep a closer eye on all that is animal feed. Animal feed has been impacted by this.
We estimate something in the range of maybe 10 million-15 million tons on a global basis that maybe we took out of our S&D from the globe perspective, not just from our own revenue, from the globe S&D. I think we have seen less of an impact on an OP perspective because as people like to trade down, if you will, or if they were to trade down from beef, chicken is a cheaper protein, a more affordable protein, and chicken is where we get all the soybean meal mostly source. If you think about what's happening with soybean meal, you know, it has a cost advantage to corn, so it continues to have a high proportion in the rations on things that are, if you will, more demanded right now, like poultry.
When we go to Nutrition, I think you said it in your, in the question is we are well-positioned in some of the applications that are growing the fastest. Of course, not completely insulated. To a certain degree, we haven't seen significant drops at this point in time, so our expansions continue forward. You saw in our remarks the acquisitions we made last year are actually performing from an OP perspective better than in the economic model we put together.
Okay. Thanks for the detailed answer. Congratulations on the results.
Thank you. Appreciate it.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Ben Theurer from Barclays. Ben, your line is now open.
Thank you very much, and good morning, Juan, Vikram.
Good morning.
Good morning.
My first question is also related a little bit to the picture you draw, and you laid out just about seven, eight months ago during the capital markets day back in December, and you talked about the path to get to the $6-$7. Now you're just at $6.50 for this year. The one thing that kind of pops out is the significant strength and the up we've been seeing on the return on invested capital, and you still say your long-term objective is 10%, but now we've been consistently gone higher. If we put it, like, into the context in your comments of the margin structure to remain higher, how should we think conceptually over the medium to long term? Where is your real ROIC objective, given that you've been consistently above that 10% level?
What does that mean for your potential to return cash to shareholders via dividends, buybacks versus then ultimately the CapEx needs?
Thanks, Ben, for the question. Just to give you some context, when we decided on the 10% ROIC target, it was based on an expectation of about 300 basis points above our long-term cost of capital. You know, the long-term cost of capital has been around 7% for some time now. As we look forward and we see interest rates on the rise, there is likelihood that over the medium term, the long-term WACC is going to increase. We still want to maintain our buffer or our spread versus that long-term WACC. In short, yes, we are actually looking at growing our ROIC beyond the 10%.
We haven't firmly established a new target, but clearly, as you've seen, we are well ahead of 10% on the back of a strong demand outlook for the medium term, as well as a strong discipline on the denominator from a balance sheet perspective. In terms of the capital allocation and the forward outlook, Ben, I think it's consistent with what Juan said. We expect we're gonna be very disciplined and balanced in terms of how we deploy that capital, both in terms of reinvesting in the business. By the way, the opportunities to reinvest in the business are significant. Juan mentioned some, including the operational transformation, and much of that is not even baked into the medium-term plan that we highlighted.
We anticipate there likely will be some additional reinvestment in the business, but that should still leave us enough flexibility to do share buyback, potentially even in excess of $5 billion, as well as continue our pace of dividend growth as we've done historically over the last 40+ years.
Got it. That sounds very promising, Vikram. Thank you very much for that. Then, just coming back on the growth and what's been delivered within the Nutrition segment, just to kind of frame it and understand it well, what you're seeing into the back half here, because clearly you kind of reconfirm the 20-ish% growth in OP income. We've had a very strong first half. You expect next quarter to be better. Is there anything where you think there could be a little bit of a headwind in the short term just because of people maybe down trading on the consumption side? You mentioned a little bit maybe the packaging side going to smaller sizes, et cetera. To understand a little bit the risks versus the opportunities within Nutrition.
Yeah, Ben. First of all, Nutrition is a business where we're probably exposed the most to the supply chain issues that everybody's talking about because we have a more variety of raw materials that we consume in order in all these formulations. That is always something that the team works very well to overcome. You know, that's an issue we watch very closely. The second is, as you know, that business is also very strong in Europe, so there is a Forex exposure that we keep on looking. I mentioned at the beginning that animal nutrition volumes are a little bit more difficult. I think that given the price points where we are.
I would say those are the three levers that we keep on looking to make sure that we balance that. I would have to say the business has done a terrific job of offsetting all that. We're still believing our enhanced guidance from 15%-20% for this year. We're still gonna do that. The business, again, as I said many, many times before, is clearly in its path to achieve our billion-dollar operating profit objective probably next year. We feel good about the business, but it's not without a lot of active management, if you will.
Okay, perfect. Juan, thank you very much.
Thank you, Ben.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Adam Samuelson from Goldman Sachs. Adam, your line is now open.
Yes, thank you. Good morning, everyone.
Good morning.
Morning. Juan, I wanted to maybe dig into the outlook on Oilseeds a little bit. In your prepared remarks, you alluded to a mid-cycle or normalized medium-term kind of margin structure that's moved higher. I'd love to get a little bit more color on how your view over the medium term has evolved there, and especially in the context of North American kind of industry that's in the midst of some pretty healthy capacity expansions by you and many others.
Yeah. Listen, we continue to see a strong demand for meal and oil. North America has many advantages. North America has the beans, and North America has a robust domestic consumption. North America has the new demand for oil. That makes, of course, soybean meal more competitive in the world. We continue to see good margins and good volumes in poultry, as you know, again, as the consumer favors that meat. We continue to see soybean meal advantage to corn, as I said before, in the rations, that continues to have a high inclusion rate. We see China recovering from COVID, so activity coming back. We see Argentina pretty much given the current financial issues outside of the markets in terms of their aggressiveness.
I would say the scenario that we're seeing, it continues with strength going forward. I think that that's kind of what we see at the moment. Q3 is strong. I would say maybe if I go to canola has been, you know, margins have popped. We didn't have that in the past, now we have a very strong. We've seen strong demand for biodiesel. I'm just trying to go mentally through all the businesses. As we said before, Wilmar has been doing very good. We don't see any significant clouds on the horizon right now. We have good expectations.
We think that, for the second half, the U.S. will become the place to export for corn and soybeans. I think that exports should come to the U.S. from the period of, you know, September to maybe February or maybe even March. We will have to watch, you know, logistics and whether logistics can allow us to execute a strong export season. That's probably the only thing out there that I will be thinking, Adam, in terms of puts and takes.
Okay. That's all really helpful. If I could maybe just switch gears over to
Sure.
Carbohydrate Solutions and specifically Starches and Sweeteners. I mean, very strong kind of first half results. I guess I'm trying to think about the contributions between kind of volume growth, better ethanol profitability, co-products and risk management. Just that they could be your most mature business and seeing some very healthy absolute and year-over-year performance and trying to just maybe aggregate some of the drivers there a little bit.
Yeah, sure. Adam, just breaking it down into volume, margin, and mix. In sweeteners and starches, from a volume perspective, actually, we saw volumes in North America higher year- over- year in the first half. That is different from what you may have heard generally in the marketplace. We clearly benefit from an integrated network that enables us to deliver to our customers effectively and efficiently. In some cases, we've actually also imported tapioca starch, for example, from Europe to meet that demand. Volume's been strong. In terms of margin, clearly, we benefited from higher co-product values, including corn oil in particular. That's also helped in terms of the net corn and effective margins for sweeteners and starches. From a mix perspective, we talked about BioSolutions driving more and more growth, higher than what we had anticipated.
On all three fronts, in terms of volume, margin, and mix, S&S looks brighter than what we had anticipated at the beginning of the year. In terms of ethanol, also, if you think about similar way of thinking about volumes have been strong in terms of gasoline demand locally. Strong exports expected. We've had strong exports outlook for exports, about 1.6 billion gal for the year. In terms of margins, we've also again benefited from the fact that we've had good co-product values, particularly again in DCO, and that has helped us maintain margins. The other aspect is the RVO. RVOs have been finalized, so that removes the cloud from the regulatory landscape, at least for 2022. Gasoline and ethanol blending economics remain fantastic.
If you include RIN values, that's above $2 relative to RBOB today. I think based on all those facts, we think Q3 is going to be stronger quarter-over-quarter, and our outlook for the year is also very constructive.
Just to clarify that, Vikram, because I don't think that was the nuance you said in the prepared remarks. In the prepared remarks, you said significantly higher year-over-year. You're saying all of Carbohydrate Solutions will be higher quarter-over-quarter as well? I just wanna be clear on that point.
No. No, my comments were specifically quarter-over-quarter, significantly higher quarter-over-quarter for Q3. What I just-
Okay. All right.
Emphasized as well, we are constructive for the outlook for the full year.
Okay. All right. That's super helpful. Thank you. I'll pass this on.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Ken Zaslow from Bank of Montreal. Ken, your line is now open.
Hey, good morning, guys.
Morning, Ken.
Morning.
Just a couple questions. One is, how much dollar amount do you expect to increase in 2023 from your cost savings and your harvesting of your growth investments? How do we kinda think about that for 2023 in terms of the dollar amounts that's gonna be coming out from both your cost savings and your investments in growth?
I think, Ken, just providing context, going back to the Global Investor Day in terms of the framework, right? We talked about productivity and innovation driving about $1.1 billion in aggregate each, and then we expected market forces to be about $1 billion. In terms of 2023, we haven't gone through the specific plan yet, right? We are still working through that. You could assume kind of a flat line, roughly speaking, over that four-year timeframe. What I would submit to you, Ken, is over the last three or four months, as Juan mentioned, we see additional opportunities on the horizon as it relates to operational transformation with digitization and automation. We talked about the Marshall example. If we multiply that Marshall example, the upside could be even more.
That's something that we are still fleshing out, and we will be prepared in the foreseen quarters to provide you a little more granularity on that. Juan?
Yeah, Ken, what I would like to add to what Vikram said is that if I think back to December, there are two things that are different. A lot of the productivity efforts this year have been used to offset inflation, and I think the team has done a terrific job of protecting margins in that sense. Those productivity efforts continue, and as inflation maybe recedes next year, we may see that more of that coming to actually improve our productivity versus just offsetting inflation. The second thing that I've noticed, and I tried to make a point in my prepared remarks, is that we probably see innovation a little bit more activity in innovation.
I think that as customers are trying to fight inflation, I think that bringing a newness, bringing new categories, new innovation, we've seen that in Nutrition and other pieces of the portfolio. I think there is an opportunity there. Some of the things that were not included in our five-year estimate, whether it was some of the growth on health and wellness or some of the BioSolutions opportunities and all that, are coming stronger and faster than maybe we anticipated. Vikram said it, we normally start the planning season, you know, maybe late September and October, so we're gonna be looking at 2023 there. I think we're gonna have a lot of puts and takes on a scenario that is very dynamic.
We feel good about the initiatives we can control, let's say that way.
Great. Just a clarification question. You talk about the $6.50 number. That includes share repurchases. Yet underlying fundamentals seem stronger than maybe you expected. Can you reconcile that? Because if it includes the share repurchase, I would argue that maybe it could be better than that. I don't know if you're being conservative. I'm not trying to pinpoint you. Just there was just an incongruence in terms of the accelerated share repurchase and just kinda sticking to that $6.50 number. I just wanted to touch base with that and touch base on that if you could help us out on that.
Yeah. Ken, just to be clear, we did not say an ASR. We did not say accelerated share repurchase, right? I wanna make sure that we clarify that comment. We did say that we are gonna do $1 billion in the back half of the year. As you well know, is EPS impact of that, given the averaging, is pretty minimized for this calendar year. You know, the impact, whether you consider a share repurchase in the $6.50 number or not, is frankly insignificant for 2022.
Just putting this all together, even as fundamentals kinda stabilize at this higher level, your share repurchases, your productivity, and your growth initiatives can propel earnings higher in 2023, even if fundamentals kinda stabilize and not, you know, not to say we're peaking, I don't wanna use that word, but if we stabilize at a higher level, is that a fair way to think about it? That your internal actions, those three components, can drive earnings growth in 2023? I'll leave it there, and I appreciate your time as always.
Ken, the way I think about it, let me share that is, we need to have in ADM certain ambidexterity. On one side, we have a team that execute on opportunities presented by the market. The team is executing on great opportunities this year. We don't control that all the time. We control our execution, but we don't control the opportunities that pop based on the macro environment. On the other hand, we are committed to keep improving the company. That's what we committed in December over the five-year plan. To the extent that those forces, whether favorable or negative, offset our productivity and innovation, at times we're gonna see more of that effect, and at times we're gonna see less.
We know we're gonna grow earnings over the next five years based on all that. We have not gotten to 2023 at this point in time. I want to make sure that people don't hear that what we're gonna do is a promise to grow earnings every year. We cannot control all the environment in the world, but we can control that we get better, and we can control that we can maximize our execution on the opportunities provided. Will 2023 provide the same opportunities of 2022? Unclear at this point in time, and we need to go through our scenarios. I think we feel very good, as I said, on the team's ability to execute.
Some of the macro that we're seeing in terms of demand for food then has been growing over the last 15 years at 1.8% per year. You know, you can argue that at times we're getting to the peak of arable land being brought into production, that at times we are hitting the peak of maybe even yield in the area. We think that although margins may not stay at, you know, at this level, if they're gonna stabilize, they're gonna stabilize at higher level than in the past. That's why we, you know, based our forecast in December, and we are maintaining that. We feel good about continue to grow earnings. We haven't gotten to the specific 2023 number yet.
I appreciate it. Thank you, guys.
Thank you.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Steve Byrne of Bank of America. Steve, your line is now open.
Yes, thank you. Vikram, you had some constructive comments about third quarter for Ag Solutions and Oilseeds, and I wanted to specifically ask you about, you know, which of those two big businesses is primarily driving that favorable outlook? In Ag Services, what is it? What regions of the world, where do you see, you know, that strength coming from? And then one more for you on that. If there is less crop production in the world in 2022 just from significantly less fertilizer applications, is that net positive or net negative for you? You could have tighter supplies but less volume.
Yeah. Thanks for the question, Steve. In terms of AS&O, I'll break it up. In terms of AS, we talked about destination marketing being very strong, right? That's part of global trading. We anticipate that to remain strong given our ability to deliver to customers around the globe. Actually, we have the globally integrated network we have enables us to do that very effectively and efficiently. We believe that's gonna be a continued contributor of the growth. You think about also where we are positioned as a company in North America and South America. Where is the world likely gonna come for grain in the back half of this year? It's probably going to be in North America.
With a reasonable crop that we expect right now, we should be well positioned to be able to benefit from that given our footprint. I think the strength in destination marketing within global trade as well as our asset footprint and the dearth of grain around the globe in light of what's happened gives us good flexibility and constructive margin outlook for the back half. On the Oilseeds side, the fundamentals remain strong. I mean, you've seen that the demand for oil, both on the food side as well as RGD remains strong, so North American crush margins should be constructive. As soybean meal remains a very efficient and cost-effective protein substitute for even wheat, as wheat prices, even though they've come off, they're still relatively expensive.
Soybean meal remains an important feed for all types of protein and especially for poultry, and you've seen the numbers of poultry rising. We're constructive for crush margins in North America and even, you know, with biodiesel as well, that's also providing another avenue to support crush margins even in Europe. Crush margin outlook for the back half is strong in terms of the fundamentals that I highlighted. Candidly, the strength in AS&O is both on AS as well as O for the back half of this year.
You made a comment on one of the slides about investing in this sustainable agriculture initiative of FBN. My question for you on that is how meaningful of an opportunity do you think this is for you? Are your you know food company customers willing to pay a premium to you and thus the farmer you know for grains and oilseeds that are produced you know in various sustainable ways? Is this a niche, or is this a potentially meaningful portion of your origination business?
Yes, Steve, this is Juan. We are building this. I think we have a division now within the business to look at these certified grains, if you will, or differentiated grains. There is certainly a consumer push into this that we feel through the CPGs and having the desire to engage in these transactions with us. It continues to build. I don't think it's gonna be meaningful to our earnings over the next two, three years, but it's something that is aligned with sustainability trends, it's aligned with the ability of the whole industry to decarbonize and become better. It makes us more sustainable. It is growing. It is still small, but it continues to accelerate.
I don't think you should expect an OP impact over the next two years, but we're building a good position here. With partners like FBN and all that, we continue to improve the economics and simplify the recognition to farmers as they embrace sustainable practices. There is an economic motive or result later on, maybe in the planning cycle. At this point in time, it's more a sustainability thing that we do to help our customers as they need more of this.
Thank you.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Tom Palmer of JPMorgan . Tom, your line is now open.
Good morning. Thank you for the questions. Maybe I'll just start off on the crushing side. Margin info in the earnings presentation was encouraging, as was your second half commentary. At the same time, we saw board crush at least temporarily weaken going back a month or two. It looks like it hasn't carried forward in terms of board crush or in spot as much, but nor have much bearing on third quarter results. I hope to get at least a little bit of color on what happened and why the impact was so temporary.
Yeah, I think, Tom, what we saw, of course, you know, basis became a little bit tighter in the U.S. and soy and you know, we saw a little bit of palm oil correction that maybe impacted some of the oil. You got spread, you know, compressed a little bit. In reality, the cash markets never moved, and they remain very constructive and very strong. Now you have seen how spread crush have bounced back. I think that what we need to remember is, like, before all this volatility, whether it's the war or this or that, we were coming into very strong markets. Again, demand continues to grow for meal, and now we have another leg of that that has a new demand.
Mature markets like these, when they get new demand in a significant quantity like RGD, you get a significant change in margin. When you think about the structural changes that have happened over time, whether it's the different way in which China feeds pork now, or you know, Argentina, you know, with an exchange rate delta that makes the farmer really have no desire to sell, and the farmer, to a certain degree, curtailing crush in Argentina. We see China coming back from the lockdowns, and soybean meal being better than corn into the ration. We continue to see this strong. Now we have also canola helping onto this on the strength in biofuels, in biodiesel percent.
I think from our perspective, we were always looking at cash margins, and so it didn't make a significant shift in our operating profit, as we were saying in the last earnings calls, to be honest. It has moved, and at times, some of these moves, to be honest, in commodities, have been driven more by financial flows than fundamentals. I would say the fundamentals were strong before the war. They continue to be strong. Some prices have spiked because of the war, then they came back, but they came back to the high levels that we had before the war because it was just supply and demand fundamentals. As much as people talk about, you know, rising interest rates and all that, rising interest rates do not produce grain.
We have not seen any change in our supply and demand fundamentals that were in place before the war, before the tightening by the Fed. To a certain degree, we need to keep our eyes on the fundamentals. That's what matters.
Thank you. That's very helpful color. Maybe I'll just follow up on the soybean oil side. There's a lot of renewable diesel capacity at least scheduled to come online later this year. What are you seeing in terms of that demand environment? Are you starting to see inventories build, so essentially new customers? 'Cause the soybean curve, at least, is downward sloping, and it does seem like there's a lot more demand to step up that could at least theoretically change that.
Yeah, listen, I think we're building new industry, so there are so many players here and so many things in motion. It's a very dynamic environment that we continue to watch. I think we see the demand coming as expected. I think you may have, like in every capital project these days, some projects that may be a little bit delayed, but we don't see any significant change to our medium-term forecast. We see the strength, we see the recovery in even potentially edible oils based on China coming back into the markets and coming back from lockdowns. None of our forecasts have changed in the oil side.
If you look at the contribution of meal and oil to crush from the last quarter to this quarter, it has maintained. It looks like both legs continue to have the same strength at this point that we expected.
Great. Thank you.
Thank you, Alex.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Eric Larson of Seaport Research Partners. Eric, your line is now open.
Thank you. Good morning, everyone, and congratulations on a great quarter. Thanks for getting me in on the question here. This may sound kind of like a little bit of a corny question, Juan, and it's very 30,000 ft kind of speaking level. You know, in the past, there's enough of us that are on long enough, when you have global recessions, it does change the fundamentals for grain demand. I get the question all the time. My sense is, though, that there are enough structural changes, particularly in the U.S. market, where even if we did have a global recession, the fundamentals have a reasonable chance of remaining fairly strong. Is that an off-base thought, or how would you look at that?
Yeah. As I was saying in the previous question, I think that, again, before rising rates that could drive into a slowdown of the economy, or the war, we had a tight balance sheet. I mean, Eric, and you want to keep it at 30,000 ft. We're gonna run this experiment of trying to feed two more billion people from here to 2050, something that we haven't done in the past. As I said, you could argue that if we're gonna move population from 7 billion to, like, 9.5 billion by 2050, there's not the same proportion of arable land are gonna be brought into production, nor the same proportion of yield gonna be. I think in recessions, food is more protected than other things.
We don't expect a significant drop in demand, at least not for a sustainable period of time, while the reality is that production, you know, may or may not be there when you think about weather, when you think about the limitations of acreage or the limitations of potential yield. Our scenario is for tightness going forward, and we will do our best to make sure we continue to supply the billions of people around the world with their needs. I think it's more prudent to plan on a tight supply-demand scenario.
At this point in time, when we run the supply and demand going a little bit more short term, we think that at least we need to have two very good years of good crops in North America and South America to bring a little bit more of relief to the current supply and demand inventories. Even if we have a good crop in North America, I don't think we're gonna increase pipeline for soybeans at this point in time. South America has been with La Niña for, like, three years or something like that. Some of these events are starting to last a little bit longer. Thankfully, in North America, everything looks like we're still gonna have another good year. We welcome the end of the harvest to see a very good crop this year in North America.
Yes. Well, no, I would agree with that. I'll ask one more quick question, and it's more technical in nature. In the quarter, you put over $3 billion on top of your inventories. I'm just curious, you know, when you look at where grain prices were on March 31st versus June 30th. June 30th, you were down across the board, corn, beans, meal, oil, wheat, all the prices were down. Does that mean that you've just taken on, you've been able to buy more grain, taken on bigger positions, so your volume inventory is larger? Does that explain that $3 billion+ in inventory increase?
Well, I think the inventory when you're talking about us, I think our working capital effectively from Q1 to Q2 has come down a bit, Eric. I think it's a function of both volumes as well as prices. Yes, prices have come off, but you know, I think it's a function of also what's happening around the globe. You've got to think about not just our Ag Services and Oilseeds business, you've got to think about also the other parts of our business. While in general, there is a correlation to prices, there's also not necessarily same flat volume across every quarter.
Got it. Okay. Thank you. I'll follow up later.
Thank you, Eric.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Steven Haynes of Morgan Stanley. Steven, your line is now open.
Everyone, thanks for squeezing me in at the end here. I just wanted to ask a question on China. It's come up a few times. Maybe could you just go into a little bit more detail around demand dynamics there? I think soybean imports are still kind of turning down year- over- year. Are we kind of at an inflection point there? Any additional color would be great. Thank you.
Yeah. We think we are in close contact with our China team, of course. I think demand there has, of course, suffered an impact. You saw their quarterly growth rate for the whole country. We get encouraging reports of how activity is coming back. I think that at the beginning, even if they relieved on some of the restrictions, people were still a little bit shy to come out. I think that now, we're seeing people coming back to the office. We are 100% back into the office. That brings traffic and that brings external breakfast and external lunches and things like that. We see that with a recovery, if you will, coming from our perspective.
If you think about the four main meats for China has produced about 5% more of the combined four meats in the first half of the year. You could see there that, of course, you know, the mouths are still there to be fed. Certainly, food security continue to be a high priority of course, the very responsible Chinese government. Nothing significant to report other than, you know, the ease of the COVID situation that is happening in multiple cities.
Okay. Thank you.
Thank you, Steven.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Robert Moskow of Credit Suisse. Robert, your line is now open.
Hi, Juan and Vikram. Juan, forgive me if you've addressed this already, but there's a lot of grain still trapped in Ukraine, and I wanna know if you have a view on what's gonna happen to it and
Yep.
How it will affect your business.
Yeah. Thank you for the question on Ukraine. Our priorities in the company, Rob, as we have said it before, continue to be twofold. First is to provide for the support and well-being of our employees now and into the future. The second very close priority is what you describe, is that how do we help the industry in Ukraine, the agricultural industry, to come back on their feet. As you know, there are 20 million-30 million tons trapped there, and we've been working to increase the land exports and, you know, I think, even some of the river exports. We're very proud of what the whole industry have done to increase those.
We're still short of that, and of course, that's why you see both countries signing this Black Sea Initiative, which is to allow Odessa and other ports there to come back to full capacity to be able to export. At this point in time, as you have read the news, you know, you get encouraging news one day and maybe discouraging news the other day. I do believe that both countries are committed to help keep this corridor open. I think that at the beginning, you're gonna see a little bit of a trickle-down of exports, maybe smaller boats. I think it's gonna take a little bit of building confidence that this works before you can put the bigger boats. There are issues in the country about getting fuel for that.
There are issues in the country about getting the crews to man these boats. There are also issues about insurance and financial institutions guaranteeing some of these large transactions. I think I'm optimistic. I think you're gonna have a trickle-down. That will be good for all, for us and for everybody that we allow that capacity not to be unutilized, if you will. At this point in time, the world need to access to those inventories. This is an important thing. If we don't have access to those inventories and they are not clear from the storage, next year, we may have an availability issue for food because we will lose part of the crop. Ukrainians apparently have done a very good job of planting about 70% of all the area.
They are harvesting right now the wheat. They're gonna be harvesting in September and October, the corn and the sunflower. We need that space to be able to store those in September and October. We are optimistic. We are helping as much as possible. There is a lot of people with good intentions, so hopefully we will see the sea exports to grow over the next two or three months.
Very helpful. Thank you.
Thank you. Our final question for today comes from Michael Piken of Cleveland Research. Michael, your line is now open.
Yeah, good morning. Thanks for the question. A couple parts on nutrition. The first part being, within the human nutrition, how much of your revenue growth was with new customers versus expansion of current customers? And then on the animal nutrition side, how much of the growth was due to the favorability of the lysine market versus just internal operational improvements? And how sustainable is that? Thanks.
On the human nutrition side, it was a balanced growth, you know, across new customers as well as existing customers. We think about our revenue growth in terms of volume, pricing and mix, right? I think we had balanced growth across the three. We drove early action on pricing to ensure that we maintained margins and kept a strong focus on driving mix. Price elasticity for some of the products or most of the products, frankly, we participate in human nutrition has tended to be pretty low, as Juan noted. I think that's helped benefit protecting margins as well as driving revenue growth. On the animal nutrition side, as I highlighted in my prepared comments, most of that growth has come from amino acids.
Amino acids has benefited from the relative protein demand as well as supply chain challenges out of China. The third aspect that's benefited us is our conscious effort to switch from dry lysine to liquid lysine. Yeah. That's actually helped us drive improved profitability and improved margins, as well as increase the stickiness with our customers. Most of that volume growth in animal nutrition has been driven by amino acids.
Thank you.
Thank you, Mike.
Thank you. We have no further questions for today, so I'll hand back to Michael Cross for any further remarks.
Thank you for joining us today. Slide 12 notes upcoming investor events in which we will be participating. As always, please feel free to follow up with me if you have any other questions. Have a good day, and thanks for your time and interest in ADM.
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