Good morning, and welcome to Beasley Broadcast Group's Q1 2023 conference call. Before proceeding, I would like to emphasize that today's conference call and webcast will contain forward-looking statements about our future performance and results of operations that involve risks and uncertainties described in the Risk Factors section of our most recent annual report on Form 10-K, as supplemented by our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q. Today's webcast will also contain a discussion of certain non-GAAP financial measures within the meaning of the Item 10 of Regulation S-K. A reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures with their most direct comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP can be found in this morning's news announcement on the company's website. I would also remind listeners that following its completion, a replay of today's call can be accessed for five days on the company's website, www.bbgi.com.
You can also find a copy of today's press release on the Investors or Press Room section of the site. At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to your host, Beasley Broadcast Group CEO, Caroline Beasley. Please go ahead.
Thank you, Doug. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us to review our 2023 Q1 operating results. Marie Tedesco, our CFO, is with me this morning. As per our earnings release, we did post an earnings presentation on our website, and we hope that you will find this helpful. I'm thrilled to share our Q1 results, which again highlight the significant success and growth we are achieving based on our strategy to leverage our local talent to build a growing digital platform. In Q1, we generated strong year-over-year results across the board, driven by growth from our digital initiatives, new business initiatives, increased network revenue, and revenue growth in the sports betting category. Our strong Q1 revenue performance drove solid FY and EBITDA growth on a year-over-year basis.
Total revenue grew 3.7%, outpacing the guidance we provided on our last earnings call. With over-the-air local spot revenue increasing 4%, network up 69%, which was strategically planned to offset the decline in political from 2022, and digital was up almost 27%. As expected, national spot revenue remained challenged and declined 15%, while overall audio revenue increased slightly. New business initiatives brought $5.7 million to the quarter. That's up 14% year-over-year, and sports betting added $4.3 million year-over-year. Our overall gains were broad-based, with eight of 14 markets delivering year-over-year revenue increases, including a 16% year-over-year growth in Boston, driven by sports betting. As noted on previous calls, sports betting commenced in Massachusetts on January 31st, and Q1 saw the benefit of the Super Bowl and March Madness.
We're well-positioned in the Boston market with five FMs, including 98.5, The Sports Hub, home to the New England Patriots, Boston Bruins, and Boston Celtics. Moving on to the ongoing success of our digital transformation. Q1 digital revenue grew 26.7% year-over-year and represented 17.3% of total revenue. That's up from 14.1% in the year-ago Q1. Our digital initiatives continue to drive great results, and we are well on our way to achieving our goal of digital accounting for 20%-30% of total revenue. Digital growth in Q1, as in the past recent quarters, was driven by our content creation initiative and web services rollout, as well as from last year's acquisition of the white-label agency, Guarantee Digital.
With our consistent digital revenue growth, we continue to make headway in increasing our margins with the goal of digital margins ultimately matching or exceeding our traditional over-the-air margins. Breaking down the quarter trends. January was flat, February was up 4%, and March was up 9.5% year-over-year. March did include the Tampa Home Show this year and last year it was included in April. Importantly, with Q1's solid growth, we have retained business at levels achieved in Q1 2019. These great results were directly related to our efforts to diversify our revenue streams, as well as a reflection of our brand's strong local presence. The results are truly a testament to the hardworking team we have. Touching on sports betting, we recorded $4.3 million of revenue or 7.4% of total revenue in this category.
That's up $553,000 or 20% from the prior year. Sports betting revenue is driven by our Boston cluster with $2.2 million. Detroit and Philly recorded sports betting revenue combined of $2.1 million for the quarter. That's slightly lower year-over-year as was expected in the established sports betting markets. Q1 operating expenses increased 1.7% year-over-year, including new expenses from the acquisition of our digital agency and cost of sales directly related to revenue increase, which more than offset a reduction in expenses stemming from the headcount reductions and other 2022 expense costs. Q1 SOI increased $1.2 million or 21% year-over-year to $7.1 million as we were able to leverage the year-over-year revenue growth in the quarter. Same station revenue increased 2.6%.
Same station expenses were down 0.6% and same station SOI increased 28.4%. With our strong results and positive outlook, we remain hyper-focused on reducing our leverage by organically growing EBITDA. We're also actively monitoring market conditions to determine when we should take advantage of our bonds trading below par. With that, I'm going to turn it over to Marie, and she's going to give you more details on the quarter. Marie?
Thanks, Caroline, good morning, everyone. I will review Q1 results followed by an update of our balance sheet. Q1 net revenue increased 3.7% or $2.1 million to $57.8 million, which includes $385,000 from our esports team. We grew revenue year-over-year in 8 markets, most notably in Boston, where revenues increased $2.1 million year-over-year. Digital revenue for the quarter grew double digits to $10 million and now represents 17.3% of total revenues as we continue to grow this revenue stream and diversify our revenue sources.
Station operating expenses for the quarter increased $823,000 or 1.7% to $50.7 million, resulting in Q1 2023 SOI of $7.1 million, an increase year-over-year of approximately $1.2 million or up 21%. Breaking down the increase in operating expenses, the main drivers were the addition of Guarantee Digital, our white label agency, which added new expenses of $1.3 million, plus cost of sales directly related to the revenue increase and a year-over-year variance from a bad debt credit adjustment that occurred in Q1 of 2022. Looking at our revenue categories for Q1, consumer services remained our largest revenue category at 30% of our total revenue, we drove a 3% year-over-year revenue increase in this category during the quarter.
Our second largest category was entertainment, which grew 8.3% year-over-year and accounted for 16% of total revenues. This jump was partly driven by sports betting with $4.3 million for the quarter. Retail, number three, represents around 15% of Q1 total revenues. Retail increased 8.8% year-over-year. Auto, our fourth largest category, saw revenues up 1.7% year-over-year. The category accounted for 9.6% of total revenue. We saw increases in auto in half of our markets, including Boston. We believe this revenue category will continue to improve as we move throughout the year. In fifth spot was telecom up 13%, representing 5.2% of total revenues. Financial services rounded out our top six categories and was down 5%.
Corporate G&A expenses for the quarter increased 5.9% or by $250,000 compared to the same quarter a year ago to $4.5 million. The year-over-year increase in corporate G&A is related to increased cybersecurity expenses and some corporate digital expenses. Non-cash stock-based compensation decreased $53,000 to $174,000 for the quarter. We had an income tax benefit for the quarter of $2.2 million. Q1 2023 operating income increased $3.1 million to a positive $413,000 compared to a negative $2.7 million in the year-ago quarter, largely due to the increase in EBITDA as well as a $1.9 million impairment charge in the prior year quarter.
Total Q1 interest expense decreased $255,000 year-over-year to $6.6 million, and our outstanding debt at the end of Q1 was $290 million. Additionally, we made an interest payment of approximately $12.5 million on February first. EBITDA for our Q1 2023 was up 59.5% or $986,000 from the previous year quarter to $2.6 million. LTM adjusted net leverage, including add backs such as certain taxes, non-cash compensation, losses from our digital agency build out, pro forma of our 2022 agency acquisition and 2022 RIFs decreased to 6.67 times.
I'm happy to point out that while we ended Q4 2022 with cash on hand of $39.5 million and with an interest payment made in February of $12.5 million, we still ended Q1 with $35.9 million of cash on hand as we are generating cash from operations and continuing to build up our cash. Our cash, same as our operations, are seasonal, with Q1 always low. We expect Q2, Q3, Q4, and the full year of 2023 to provide positive free cash flow. Our current cash balance will allow us the flexibility to reduce our debt and therefore also reduce our leverage, which we are hyper-focused on. Our capital expenditures for the quarter were $1.2 million, which was mostly related to upgrades and replacements of transmitters.
That compares to Q1 2022 CapEx spend of $1.4 million. We expect our CapEx spend to normalize in 2023 at around $4 million-$5 million. With that, I'll turn it back to Caroline.
Thanks, Marie. Again, I'm very pleased with our Q1 performance as it reflects our continued growth and the positive diversification afforded by our digital business. Our content strategy, put in place mid-2022, helped to drive 27% growth in our digital revenue for the quarter, so we're very excited about this opportunity as we continue through 2023. Notably, Beasley multi-platform local content strategy continues to drive tremendous audience growth. In the Q1, our owned and operated audience reach grew 21% compared to the same period in 2022. Our radio brands continue to hold dominant positions in Nielsen, where our market share grew in both our large markets and the midsize diary markets with the key demographics of adults 25 to 54. Our PPM market share grew by 4% year-over-year, and our diary market share is up by 11%.
Overall, our average share growth grew by 6% year-over-year. Like other recent quarters, the largest audience growth was seen on our digital O&O assets, with unique users increasing 59% from Q1 2022 to Q1 2023. This audience growth led to a 93% increase of sellable digital impressions year-over-year. Digital now accounts for 45% of Beasley's total monthly audience, and we expect this trend to continue. Looking into the Q2 and into the back half of 2023, our focus remains on driving revenue diversification and audience expansion, improving margins, maintaining a strong and flexible balance sheet, reducing net leverage, and growing free cash flow. We're measuring the impact of a potential recession, and we're taking steps toward that. As of today, our Q2 revenue is pacing slightly down.
Breaking that down, April is down 3%, with May down 2%, and June is up 2%. This is inclusive of the Tampa Home Show in April of 2022 that was held in March of this year, which I had mentioned earlier when we were talking about March pacing, and then also too, WiLD Splash was held in May 2022, and we're not doing that this year. If you adjust for each of these during the quarter, we would be flat to slightly up in terms of pacing for Q2. We are also hopeful that our pacing will continue to improve moving further into the quarter as we saw a slowdown in the latter half of Q2 of 2022.
We're proud of the strong results we have delivered over the last several quarters, even against headwinds, including inflation, labor challenges, interest rate increases, and a potential recession. As a seasoned company operating for more than 60 years, we have a great understanding of the local markets we serve, and the digital transformation within our company proves that our teams are ready for the challenges and the future. On behalf of our corporate and station personnel, we thank you for listening to our call today. Marie, we did have a few questions that were submitted, so we'll go into those.
We'll move into those. Great. The first question that was not addressed in our prepared remarks, is could you break down pacings by revenue source?
Yes. we did that for Q1. For Q2, Q2 is trending just like Q1. Local is pacing up slightly. National is pacing down double digits. Digital is pacing up.
What was adjusted EBITDA in Q1 2022, Q1 2023, and LTM? I'll take that. Our adjusted EBITDA in Q1 of 2022 was $4 million, and in Q1 of 2023, adjusted EBITDA was also $4 million. Our latest twelve months adjusted EBITDA at the end of Q1 2023 was $38.1 million. Again, this includes certain add backs as described earlier in our prepared remarks. The next question is what are you seeing with respect to digital impression pricing trends?
Digital CPMs are seasonal just like our other business that we see. There's typically a drop-off in Q1, but we are seeing that come back in Q2. Also, digital impressions are more crowded today, especially programmatic, because of supply and demand. We have integrated our O&O impressions in our proposal builder, that makes it easier to sell to our direct market. When we do that, we're able to achieve higher CPMs to the tune of five to six times more, which is beneficial. This is part of the whole content strategy where we're able to include, you know, more impressions, more page views. We're going to be seeing the benefit of that.
Great. Would you consider selling non-core assets?
Yes, we are considering selling non-core assets.
The last question, could you review the $10 million cost savings initiative and how much hit 2022, and are all cash costs done? First of all cash costs for these cost savings were realized in Q4 2022. Half of the savings, or $5 million, was headcount reduction, which we will see the benefit in the first three quarters of 2023. A portion of these savings will be offset by increased cost of sales, and that's from increased revenue, as well as the newly added expenses from our agency acquisition, which we closed on at the end of Q2 2022. Caroline, that concludes our submitted questions.
All right. Well, thank you very much for attending. We look forward to speaking with you next quarter. If you have any other questions, feel free to reach out to Marie or myself. Thank you.
Thank you.
Ladies and gentlemen, this does conclude today's teleconference. Thank you for your participation. You may disconnect your lines at this time, and have a wonderful day.