Hello, and welcome to the Bioceres Crop Solutions Fiscal Fourth Quarter 2022 financial results conference call. My name is Alex, and I'll be coordinating the call today. If you'd like to ask a question at the end of the presentation, you can press star one on your telephone keypad. If you'd like to withdraw your question, you may press star two. I will now hand over to your host, Head of Investor Relations, Paula Savanti. Paula, please go ahead.
Thank you. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining. Presenting today during the call will be Federico Trucco, our Chief Executive Officer, and Enrique López Lecube, our Chief Financial Officer. Both will be available for the Q&A session. Before we proceed, I would like to make the following safe harbor statement. Today's call will contain forward-looking statements, and I refer you to the forward-looking statement section of today's earnings release and presentation, as well as our recent filings with the SEC. We assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect new or changed circumstances. Also, please note that for comparison purposes and a better understanding of our company's underlying performance, we will discuss during our presentation as-reported results as well as comparable results, which excludes the impact of hyperinflationary accounting in Argentina.
Additional information in connection with the application of the rule IAS 29 can be found in our earnings report. Finally, this conference call is being webcast. The webcast link is available at the Bioceres Crop Solutions Investor Relations website. At this time, I will turn the call over to our CEO, Federico Trucco. Thank you.
Thank you, Paula, and good morning to everyone on the call. Thank you for joining us today. Please turn to slide three for a quick overview of the main highlights for the quarter and the fiscal year. I would like to start by saying that we are extremely proud of the performance delivered by our teams in the fourth quarter and full fiscal year 2022. This last quarter was particularly challenging since we are comparing to a record-setting quarter in 2021, when we grew up close to 40% compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020. Consequently, the 44% top line growth observed in the current quarter represents an amazing closing to an amazing year, with an end-to-end 62% revenue growth for the twelve-month period. Adjusted EBITDA for the year ended at $61.9 million after excluding HB4 ramp-up costs.
Although this number represents a 24% improvement over last year's metric, it fails to capture the full magnitude of our EBITDA expansion as IAS 29 accounting rules artificially magnify some of our costs. This will be explained in more detail by Enrique during his part of the presentation. Fiscal 2020 was not only an amazing year due to our financial performance, but also in terms of achieving gatekeeping regulatory clearances. Most importantly, feed and food approvals for HB4 wheat in Brazil and for HB4 soy in China. These approvals place us in a very select club of companies. We're for the first time reporting revenues associated to the HB4 technology with $12.4 million recognized in the quarter for HB4 wheat, representing a 94% increase when compared to contributed goods reported for the HB4 program in the year ago period.
Finally, and as an important subsequent event to the quarter's end, we have successfully culminated our merger with Marrone Bio Innovations and have integrated and delisted the company in less than four months since announcing the transaction. Like the Rizobacter integration back in 2016, we believe this merger will be transformational for us. I will provide a brief update on the integration process later in the presentation. Please turn to slide four to better understand the growth acceleration that we are currently experiencing. For this purpose, we're going back to 2019 when we became listed. Top line revenue growth has accelerated in the past fiscal year with a growth rate at 62% that is more than four times the average of the last two years.
Similarly, our adjusted EBITDA growth has more than doubled the average growth of the last two years and more than tripled that of last year. Enrique will explain the drivers behind the current performance, but I would like to highlight that what we are seeing today is the outcome of decisions that we took many years back, only modestly reflecting initial HB4 sales and not accounting in any form for the growth we expect from our recent merger and international expansion. Likewise, on slide five, you can see the evolution of HB4 revenues or contributed goods since we launched the HB4 program. The HB4 program was designed to parallel track product development in terms of geographic targeting and performance validation for pre-launch varieties with the inventory ramp-up process.
Fiscal 2022 revenues and contributed goods represent a 74% increase over the year before period, with an overall gross margin expansion of 900 basis points. You can see that almost all the growth experienced in fiscal 2022 was achieved in the currently reported quarter with HB4 wheat, which is discussed in more detail in slide six. HB4 revenues. Wheat revenues were generated with the HB4 program kept at a very safe, slightly over 50,000 hectares, and with initial sales to conventional channel participants such as multipliers and distributors. Something we can only do now after being granted registration for the first five materials. Growing conditions are very challenging now in Argentina, with many regions being affected by a long-standing, long-lasting drought.
Although it is too early to tell, HB4 varieties are favorably withstanding the current stress, and we look forward to report on their evolution in upcoming calls. To minimize disruption in the commercial chain, we continue to build our downstream channel for HB4 wheat, as shown in slide seven. In the past quarter, we doubled the number of processors on board, now reaching a total of 25, and we are currently working with 23 new processors to be onboarded in the next few quarters. Total processing capacity stands at over 1 million tons, a number that far exceeds HB4 grain current or near-term availability. We're also working to take advantage of existing import approvals and have recently finalized our first final export of HB4 flour to Brazil.
To leverage on the identity preserve capabilities developed for the HB4 program and expand our relationships with downstream players, we have planted the first 300 hectares of GoodWheat materials. These are wheat varieties genetically edited to meet consumer demands, such as increased dietary fiber or reduced gluten content. Although these materials have not yet been improved to perform competitively, something that is currently ongoing, the produced grain will allow us and our partners to jointly develop consumer interest in anticipation for a future technology launch. Turning now to slide eight, we have finished harvesting last season's HB4 soy crop and are moving forward to launch two of the varieties with selected multipliers and distributors in the upcoming season.
We have also redesigned the HB4 program to allow growers to test a larger set of materials within their production regions, and this will allow us to accelerate new variety validation and geographic positioning, with intent to have more materials available for launch in upcoming seasons. We are also making good progress in Brazil, where we are advancing two varieties under the HB4 program approach to be ready for launch in the 2023-2024 season. Based on our ongoing conversations, we also expect our leading licensees to be able to launch their first materials during the 2023-2024 season. And this is both for Argentina and to a probably lesser extent, to Brazil. Slide nine provides an overview of the progress we made during the last fiscal year in terms of regulatory clearances.
We are thrilled to see the evolution of approval for HB4 wheat since the initial green light in Argentina back in 2021. The approval in Brazil was particularly important since this was a prerequisite to be able to get varieties registered in Argentina and consequently, revenues booked. We intend to seize the current regulatory momentum in which and continue to submit applications in important, import geographies such as those of Southeast Asia. We have already filed in Indonesia, for instance, and we are looking forward to file in the upcoming months in Thailand, Vietnam and the Philippines. The approval of HB4 soy in China carries a similar implication for us, to that of wheat in Brazil, as we now can register varieties that enable conventional sales in Argentina.
Also, China's approval was a triggering event for our licensees, which are now free to launch in their respective geographies. We expect to be able to recognize HB4 soy revenues in the upcoming season. Right after the quarter ends and less than 4 months since the announcement, we have successfully merged with and delisted Marrone Bio Innovations. A brief update of the integration process can be found in slide 10. We have rebranded the company under the ProFarm name and promoted Matti Tiainen, a founder of the ProFarm subsidiary, as group president and managing director for these business units. The ProFarm business unit will manage the portfolio and pipeline of legacy Marrone globally and have channel responsibilities in North America and Europe. Similarly, Rizobacter will remain our de facto commercial channel in South America and other rest-of-the-world geographies.
On the cost synergies front, we are already at 60% of the $8 million target we've set for ourselves and expect to be able to fully achieve this goal in the upcoming months. Finally, I would like to thank former CEO Kevin Helash and the exit team on board for their contribution to this successful integration process. I would also like to welcome Jorge Zago and Keith McGovern as continuing board members, as well as Cassie Hilder and Agustin Vigoni, who have taken EVP roles for the integration process and future operations of the company. Enrique, all yours.
Thank you, Federico, and good morning to everyone joining us today. Before I dive into what has been an exceptional year from both an operational and financial perspective, I want to remind you that I will focus my comments on comparable revenues and comparable gross profit. As you know, our reported results are affected by the adoption of IAS 29 in our Argentine subsidiaries. Given the current local macroeconomic conditions in Argentina, IAS 29 this year has resulted in revenues and costs that are overestimated for our local subsidiaries and therefore margins that are underestimated. We show you these differences in the release and on the slides, but I'll speak today to the more relevant comparable metrics. If you would refer to slide 11, fourth quarter comparable revenue growth of 44% topped off an exceptional year in which all quarters delivered strong growth.
Full year comparable revenues were record at almost $320 million, a 62% year-on-year gain, as Federico pointed out. Importantly, these metrics do not include ProFarm's numbers, which will begin to be consolidated in the first quarter of fiscal 2023. If I summed up both the quarter and the year, I would point to accelerated adoption of some of our main technologies. We increased volumes of micro-beaded fertilizers by 64% for the full year. We expanded inoculant sales in an important target region like Brazil. We also reported HB4 wheat revenues for the first time, which represented more than half of the seed and integrated products revenues in the fourth quarter, standing at $12.4 million. We also benefited from our proactive steps to reorganize commercial operations for third-party product sales.
Throughout the year, we had some tailwinds that favored the adoption of our technologies, but we also faced disruptions in global logistics and some temporary cost pressure. Overall, we were able to successfully weather the challenges of the year and leverage the strength of our commercial teams to capture value in an ever-changing global environment for agriculture. Slide 12 illustrates the breadth of our strength across all of our reporting segments. Crop protection benefited from the reorganization of third-party product sales, as I mentioned, as well as from higher prices, which were driven by disruptions in global supply chains. CP sales represented almost half of overall sales in both the quarter and the full year. Increased adoption of our micro-beaded fertilizers and inoculants drove 45% growth in the quarter and 77% growth for the year in crop nutrition segment.
During a volatile time in the global fertilizer market, we nearly doubled sales of micro-beaded fertilizers, adding 200 new clients and experiencing doubling of past purchases by existing customers. Additionally, in Brazil, we saw particularly strong inoculant sales. Brazil has been a target expansion region for our LLI, or long-life inoculant technology, because of the competitive advantage it offers growers in that country. While a smaller contributor from a dollar perspective, the addition of revenues from HB4 wheat was the most exciting development for the quarter and the year in the seed and integrated product segment. We delivered first-time revenues of $12.4 million, topping our prior estimate of $10 million-$12 million in initial revenues. This creates a strong base from which to continue to grow this breakthrough seed offering.
Clearly, our exceptional revenue growth in 2022, we have set a new high watermark for the company and elevated the base from which we will grow. While this year's tremendous pace will be very difficult to replicate, we do see a path forward with continued growth in line with our historical compound annual growth rates. We now have the tools and the portfolio in place, which will allow us to consistently deliver revenue growth at multiples far above the industry average. In the near term, we are broadening our biologicals portfolio with the addition of ProFarm Group, expanding the global adoption of our products to our extensive and growing network of partners, and capitalizing on our investments in the HB4 technology.
Let me now take a moment to look at comparable gross profit and gross margins more closely, as shown for the fourth quarter on slide 13. Total gross profit rose by 32% to $41.4 million. Seed and integrated products increased by 270% from the sales of HB4 wheat. While the relatively small gains in crop nutrition were mostly offset by the decline in crop protection gross profit. The resulting gross margin was a 366 basis point decline, reflecting product mix and higher cost of goods sold. Since the effect of IAS 29 is cumulative throughout the year, it becomes particularly relevant in the fourth quarter.
While IAS 29 application expanded revenues above the comparable period, it had the opposite effect on gross profit, constricting the reported metric by almost $5 million versus the comparable gross profit, and therefore reducing margins to 34.5% on the reported metric. As shown on slide 14, each reporting segment contributed to the 45% increase in full-year gross profit of $136.9 million. From a gross margin perspective, the same factors that impacted margins in the fourth quarter were evident throughout the fiscal year. As a result, margins were in the low 40% range rather than the high 40% range reported for our last fiscal year. At this point, we expect our annual target for blended gross margin to be in the mid-40% range, and we are well within reach.
Going forward, we anticipate that the addition of ProFarm and HB4 sales will boost our margin profile and will help offset the margin headwind we experience with manufacturing costs at our Argentine facility. While the first half of the year has been challenging for ProFarm due to persistent drought conditions around the world, particularly in the United States, we are looking forward to improving their revenues in the second half of the year where they sell their seed and soil treatments, which is typically the stronger half of the year. Please turn now to slide 15. Adjusted EBITDA in the fourth quarter, excluding HB4 pre-launch costs, was $17.7 million, 2% higher when compared with $17.4 million in the same quarter in 2021.
This number excludes $3.2 million in costs associated with the pre-launch ramp-up of inventories for the HB4 program, as we continue to target revenues well above what was reported in the current quarter and the fiscal year. Adjusted EBITDA growth was lower than top line growth given changes in the segment mix, the gross margin dynamics I just mentioned, and macro dynamics in Argentina that created transitory cost pressure in our local subsidiaries. Consistent with our past practice, we do not use comparable figures in reporting adjusted EBITDA. However, we have isolated the impact of IAS 29 adjustment in this graph to illustrate this effect to the tune of $4.4 million for the quarter. On slide 16, we highlight the 24% increase in full year adjusted EBITDA excluding HB4.
Once again, gross profit gains drove the improvement to $61.9 million, with operational expenses offsetting some of that gain. Importantly, out of the almost $30 million increase in operating expenses, only 2/3 of this are costs associated with operational growth. The remaining increase is explained by HB4 program operating costs and IAS 29 adjustments. Operational growth was driven by higher variable SG&A in line with our sales growth, as well as higher logistic costs as we took cautionary measures to ensure continued supply of our products. The temporary cost pressures in Argentina I already mentioned. The overall effect of IAS 29 accounting is very relevant when looking at full year results, where it reduces gains in adjusted EBITDA by a non-trivial amount of $18.5 million.
Let me take a few moments to close with a review of our balance sheet and cash position if you would turn to slide 18. As you know, we have proactively replaced more expensive sources of capital with newly issued debt instruments throughout the year. Additionally, we have lowered our total financial debt position over the course of the fiscal year, given conversion of 75% of the 2019 convertible notes into common stock. By fiscal year-end, our net financial debt stood at $127.3 million, and our net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio stood at 2.47x. As CFO, I'd like this to be somewhat below this range, although we'll see some uptick in the first two quarters as we report debt associated with the ProFarm acquisition.
In relation to the ProFarm acquisition, we have executed subsequent to quarter close two financing agreements. A new secured convertible note due in 2026 that provided us with $55 million in cash, and the rollover of the remaining part of the 2019 convertible note into a new note with no convertibility feature into common stock. As a high-growth company, I believe we are in a good position with the appropriate mix of short-term debt and working capital, further backed by a meaningful liquidity position as our cash equivalents and short-term investments stood at $38 million by year-end. Prior to incorporating the $55 million proceeds from the new convertible note and debt from ProFarm. In summary, 2022 has been a watershed year for Bioceres.
The revenue growth and profitability from our base business, plus the investments we have made for future growth, will be catalysts for success in line with our historical data. We have greatly enhanced the diversity of our revenue sources, broadened our market reach, and acquired a new stream of exciting R&D projects through ProFarm. We are in a solid financial position and have the flexibility to invest in capital projects and other commercial and manufacturing improvements. Everyone on the team has done a remarkable job of setting the stage and putting in place the resources that will transform Bioceres in the coming years. With that, let me turn the call back to Federico.
Thank you, Enrique. I think we can open up the floor now for Q&A. Operator?
Thank you. As a reminder, if you'd like to ask a question, that's star one on your telephone keypad. If you'd like to withdraw your question, that's star two. Please ensure you're unmuted locally when asking your question. Our first question for today comes from Ben Klieve of Lake Street Capital Markets. Ben, your line is now open.
All right. Thanks for taking my questions. Congratulations on an end of a really successful year here. First, I have a couple of questions on the launch of HB4 Soy. Federico, in particular, a comment you made in your prepared remarks about the licensing model. Can you elaborate a bit more on first of all, kind of the degree to which HB4 Soy, both in Argentina and Brazil, is expected to be, you know, kind of a straight licensing model versus, you know, an EcoSeed concept? Second of all, can you characterize kind of who these licensing partners are? If you can't name names, you can kind of give a broad characterization of who these folks are.
Sure. Thanks, Ben, for joining the call. It's always great to hear you. In terms of HB4, this is the one crop where we probably have a greater gap in terms of genetics. For those of you that do not know, in wheat, we're partnered with a breeding leader for LatAm genetics, which is Florimond Desprez. In soy, this is more of a standalone effort. To be able to counteract that to some extent, we have licensed the technology to leading participants.
There are two that are publicly disclosed or that we have disclosed in the past, such as Don Mario, which is the number one market share player in Latin America, and TMG, that is a Brazil breeding company, that is important for that country. These two licensees that have outstanding genetics will be able to launch in the upcoming—not so much in the upcoming season, but in 2023, 2024, with the material they've been developing. The China approval was key to be able to enable this particular channel, you know. We continue to pursue the EcoSeed concept within the HB4 program and with sales through our own network.
That is what you're likely to see in the upcoming season, bringing the lion's share of the revenues with two varieties that now can be commercialized outside of the program structure, using the more conventional approach. These two varieties have been positioned in areas of Argentina that together represent slightly less than 1.5 million hectares. Obviously, we're not indicating that that's sort of the acreage we're likely to achieve, but it is meaningful enough for us to be able to do what we need to do this year so that we can remain on track for the guidance we provided after the Chinese approval.
Got it. Thank you. That's all very helpful. Another HB4 related question. Enrique, this one may be more for you. I'm curious, you know, you do very helpfully break down kind of the costs associated with the HB4 ramp historically. I'm wondering what your expectations are for really fiscal 2023 in terms of costs associated with the ramp versus EBITDA contributions in a commercial launch. I mean, to what extent do you think those kind of pre-launch costs are gonna offset the profitability from the commercial launch of both wheat and soy?
Hi, Ben. Thanks for joining the call and for the question. I think there's a divergence between the type of revenue ramp-up that you can expect from HB4 and profitability reported, profitability becoming from HB4, and run rate of the pre-launch costs that you see reported in SG&A. I mean, those are more associated to our R&D research channel and when we do generation HB4 as a program where we work jointly with farmers, whereas as Federico pointed out, revenues and profitability from HB4 will be coming from different sources, not only just that. I think that we are currently at the run rate of what can be expected for that.
As we continue to multiply varieties and expand and the identity preserved channel, you might see that following that acreage rather than the total reported revenues and profitability for HB4. In essence, I don't think that those are gonna offset. However, bear in mind that we are still ramping up the program, we are still ramping up the variety. As Enrique pointed out, this is only the beginning for HB4. I think that we will continue to see those costs show up in the next fiscal year.
Let me add something to that.
Got it. Okay.
Well, for you to keep in mind, I think, the HB4 program will be kept almost at a steady state, except maybe in soy, where we might increase it slightly. In wheat today we're at 50,000 hectares, for instance. We're not expecting to increase that significantly. This is what we use in a way to parallel track the variety validation, the pre-marketing component and the inventory ramp-up process. The more varieties we get that we can channel directly to farmers, either within the EcoSeed concept or, well, as naked seed, if you will, through conventional distribution, the more those revenues will dilute the sort of the ramp-up costs associated to the program. I think they will become less significant or proportionally less significant on a forward-going basis.
Got it. Okay. That all very helpful. Plenty more to talk about. I'll just ask one more and then get back in queue. That's it's a question kind of on a high level around the outlook on the fertilizer side. I mean, that this business has just been exceptional now for a long time. You know, Enrique, you commented on you know, capacity expansion broadly. I'm wondering how you're looking at addressing you know, kinda long-term growth from the micro-beaded fertilizer you know, product specifically, and kinda when you think you're gonna have to make a decision about you know, potentially, you know, making a real material capacity expansion from that product line specifically?
That's a great question, Ben. I mean, it's a nice challenge that we face throughout the year because we reached almost top of our capacity ahead of what we expected. We have already been working on an expansion project for our facility in Latin America that is already on its way. There will be some CapEx going into that to support further growth in that facility that supplies the Latin American market. I don't think that it's gonna be of the size and materiality of what the initial investment was. You can certainly expect that we will be investing in expanding that capacity to continue growing revenues from micro fertilizers.
Got it. Very good. All right, well, that's all for me. Thanks for taking my questions. I'll get back in queue.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Kemp Dolliver from Brookline Capital Markets. Kemp, your line is now open.
Great, thank you and good morning. First question relates to the performance of the various HB4 soy varieties. Can you just talk a little bit about what you've learned with regard to cause and effect with regard to the performance of the different varieties and, you know, how you are thinking about future development of the soy varieties?
Sure. Thanks again for joining. It's a pleasure to have you here. I think that the key here is to understand that for us to be able to select the right materials, we need to partner up with farmers so they identify where these materials work and when they need to be planted. If that is done concurrently with the inventory ramp up, then we can have anticipated launches. If we do it in the conventional way, where all of this is done with the trialing within the product development teams, and then we take the varieties to farmers, it takes longer. That is, in a way, what brings about some of the bumpiness, if you will, in our ability to move forward with these materials.
Now, the good news is that we have two materials that we've been testing over the last two seasons, particularly one that's been tested, I think for more than two seasons, which is 4020, where we now feel fairly comfortable about performance and its ability to win over commercial checks in a particular region of the Buenos Aires province that accounts for a little less than 1 million hectares. When we talk about winning with conventional conventional checks, we're not talking about HB4 performance. I mean, we're not talking about how the gene works in the different backgrounds.
We're talking about the competitiveness of the hardware in which we're incorporating that software, which as I indicated before, it's being developed by us, and not coming from a market leader like Florimond Desprez in the case of wheat. That is what's creating the challenge. We're improving every year. Obviously, we're not going at the same pace we're going with wheat, but we do have the possibility of using licensees to, in a way, narrow that gap, which is what I recently discussed. The performance issue is one that is factually related, that has to do with the genetics of the materials we're using.
It's not in a way related to the performance of the gene, which has been well validated, not only by us, but also by our technology partners.
Okay, that's good. I mean, obviously, there's trial and error involved in this process. Based on your closing comment, it sounds like you've identified, say, the commonality within these, you know, within the traits that are influencing the performance of the ones that you know, that you've identified as, say, loss versus win. Is that pretty fair, or is there still some, say, you know, just you would need to do additional research to really understand the differences in performance?
Look, this is kind of gathering farmer information to be able to justify a launch and making sure that the launch it's not erratic, and we're launching materials that meet the standards that are required for the technology to perform. I think that what we are doing here today is probably open kimono in many ways. This is not something companies will normally disclose. They don't tell you how they get to the varieties they launch. We wanna do this in a different way because we think it sort of saves time, even though this is also showing when we fail and not only when we win. Now, if we win in eight out of ten situations, that's impressive.
That's probably something that you will not see in a standard variety, and that's the type of quality material that we would like to launch within the program. The one thing we have changed to be able to improve upon what we've been doing is to allow farmers to test a broader set of materials. In the past, we would only give 1 variety for each farmer, and we would have a win and loss for that particular field. Now, we're giving 3-4 varieties to each farmer, keeping hectares at the same level. We don't want to increase hectares necessarily to keep costs under control, but we want to improve the quality of the data for the targeting and launch validation process.
that I believe will significantly accelerate our ability to bring new varieties to the conventional channel like we're doing today with 4220 or 5021.
That's great. Thank you. My last question, or at least topic, it relates to the Australia-New Zealand market. I think also this ties into some context with Ukraine. You know, recently there are reports that Australian farmers are increasing their you know, plans to export wheat, as I'm sure others are, to try to offset the loss of the Ukrainian capacity. Number one, how are you thinking about advancing your progress, your business in Australia? Then also, just hypothetically, if Ukraine stabilizes and becomes a significant grower again, is that market ever an opportunity, or do they just serve the anti-GMO part of the world that would not accept these products? Thank you.
That's a great question, Kemp. I think first on Australia and New Zealand, we have not included an update here, but we announced a few months back our intent to acquire Wheat Genetics business in country that is currently owned by S&W Genetics, was in part the breeding program that was run by Corteva in the past. That is a process that's still ongoing, and we expect to be able to close before the year ends. This is something we're doing via our Wheat JV, Trigall Genetics. That will give us a footprint in Australia and an initial set of materials on which we can deploy the HB4 technology.
We have already sent materials that are going through the quarantine process to advance the trialing in country and be able to get the production clearance. We do have feed and food clearance today. We need the planting or cultivation clearance to be able to launch in Australia and New Zealand. So that is a very meaningful market. I can say that it's probably twice the opportunity that we're currently pursuing in Latin America. In terms of the Ukraine and other geographies. I believe that the more we make HB4 wheat or GMO wheat sort of a status quo, if you will, the more likely these geographies that have historically rejected GMOs will accept the technology.
I can point to a sort of an interesting observation, which is what happened in Brazil. There was a post-approval survey in Brazil that showed that close to 70% of consumers had no concerns on GMO wheat. That observation helped change the position of key groups that historically rejected transgenics in the crop. I mean, with this, we're not saying that the job is done, but I think it's far from being done. We are much closer today to being able to deploy these technologies in geographies where before we thought that would be very challenging. Ukraine being one of them. Who knows, maybe one day we will have GMO wheat in France. I think that can be today more realistic than what it was a year ago.
That's what I don't know, Enrique, if you have any comments on this.
No, I think just to complement on what Federico said. I mean, it's evident that with the Ukraine situation, food security has become a concern for everyone, and it seems to be a consensus that technology, and in particular GMO, is a meaningful part of the reply or answer that humanity needs to provide to that food security threat. I think that has been also a qualitative tailwind for us throughout the year in obtaining regulatory approvals and gaining exposure to processors. You can see that we've added 13 new processors. As with many things, concerns fade away when there's a threat of not having something that is important for you.
Thank you. That's very helpful. I'll get back in the queue.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Dmitry Silversteyn from Water Tower Research. Dmitry, your line is now open.
Good morning, gentlemen, and thank you for taking my call. I was wondering, you posted a very strong revenue growth number, obviously, and a lot of it had to do with the launch of the HB4. If you had to look at price, and I think you mentioned that pricing was a little bit of a tailwind, in foreign exchange translation, what roles did price and FX play in your revenue growth in the quarter?
Hi, Dmitry Silversteyn. This is Enrique. Pleasure to have you on the call for the first time, and thanks for your question. I would have to say that FX plays no role whatsoever in increasing our revenues, our comparable revenues, as I mentioned. Bear in mind, Dmitry Silversteyn, that this company operates mainly in hard currency, so either US dollars or euros, with the exception of Brazil, that is a market that operates in local currency. There's practically no tailwinds from FX whatsoever. There is some tailwinds from prices, mainly in the CP segment. Crop Protection products did see some increase in prices coming from the disruption in global supply chains.
Raw materials that go into CP coming from China or India into the U.S., Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay, the main ag producing countries, was a threat throughout the year, and that allowed for price increases, which at the end of the day, helped us in that particular segment. Now, more important than that, to me, is the fact that this highlights a competitive advantage from biologicals, which we have significantly invested in with the ProFarm acquisition. Biologicals are manufactured in country. You don't need to get raw materials from the other side of the world to be able to supply farmers with inputs. That was the tailwinds in CP. In the rest, I would say there was not a major tailwinds, prices. It was more related to us expanding the business and having much greater adoption of our main technologies.
I would say that probably micro fertilizers were the star product for the year in that regard.
Got it. Thank you. If I can follow up on the crop protection question or on crop protection area. Your gross margin there is what I would consider to be a little bit below what kind of the industry average is, if you will, which I think is north of 40%. You know, clearly it's going to improve as you integrate ProFarm. Can you talk about sort of what the drivers of the margin well, first of all, are you looking to expand margins in this business in the short term? Secondly, what would be the major drivers of that?
That's a very good question. Bear in mind that in Crop Protection we have some sales, Dmitry, that come from third-party product sales. This is not a strategic product category for us, but rather something tactical. In some countries like Brazil, Paraguay, you know, Argentina, we collect from our retailers by getting products in return. Also we have become the partner of choice for some other companies that want to commercialize in Latin America their own products to us as a commercial partner. Those two categories of products that are more tactical in nature have lower margins, have lower working capital requirements, and are kind of like low-hanging fruit for us.
Now, those products are probably delivering gross margins that range between 25%-35%, and that's what, at the end of the day, drives down the overall segment margin. Which I believe, I mean, that segment should have, in a normal run rate, a margin that is closer to 40%. When you compare that to other CP companies, bear in mind that probably those CP companies are selling to us with their own brands and don't have as much of a weight as we have on these type of more tactical product categories. I think that this will remain to be the lower margin business segment within all of the segments until we start seeing Marrone's, or I should say ProFarm, products becoming reported there that have gross margins that are closer to 60%.
Gotcha. That's very helpful. Yeah, I totally get the third-party distribution margins would be lower. We've seen that in other companies that participate, particularly in Latin American markets. You mentioned some plant cost issues with the plant in Argentina impacting your quarter a little bit in terms of margins. What's the situation there now and can we look for the costs in that manufacturing facility to stabilize as we get into 2023?
That's also a great question. Thanks for asking. First, I will say that today, Argentina continues to be an important manufacturing hub for us. Even though we commercialize globally many of our Rizobacter products, those are primarily manufactured in Argentina. We are expanding our manufacturing capacity in Brazil to diversify product sources. For this particular fiscal year 2022 period, Argentina continues to play an important supplying role. Two things that I would say there, Dmitry. It is important to us, and what we track is the evolution of the local inflation versus the depreciation of local currency against the U.S. dollar. If inflation outpaces depreciation of the local currency, that means that we will begin to see cost pressure out of local currency denominated costs being inflated when measured in U.S. dollars.
That applies as much to cost of goods sold as it applies to SG&A functions that are located in country. Throughout the year, I would say that probably in the fourth quarter, we saw these two macro variables, local inflation and depreciation of local currency converging. That is what we were expecting. For the previous 15-16 months, inflation had outpaced depreciation of local currency. There's an accumulation, there's a cumulative effect that has yet not been fully corrected. What I would say is that the bleeding has been stopped in the fourth quarter. What we expect is that at some point, these two variables need to converge. It has been always the case when you look at the last four decades in Argentina.
When that happens, the business will get back to the normal run rate and what I was saying about, gross margins being in the mid 40% range. I cannot tell you when that will happen. I would only point out that, there's upcoming elections in Argentina in 2023, and that has proven to be a catalyst many times for macro variables to fall back in place.
Understood. Thank you. That was very helpful. Final question before I give it to queue. The Latin American planting season, you know, is well underway now. Can you provide any color as to how that's going, you know, what you're seeing, that may be different from what you saw in 2022, 2023 season? Just give us any color that you can on what the current planting season in Latin America looks like for you specifically.
This is Federico. It's great to have you, Dmitry, on the call. In terms of Latin America, as I indicated, we're facing significant drought, particularly for winter crops in Argentina. This is an evolving situation. Rains are required promptly. It's in a way a double-edged component for us because it does showcase HB4 technology and allows us to make the technology more visible to farmers. On the other hand, it does have a consequence in terms of farmers' income and ability to incorporate new technologies in the future, no? Because of their ability to invest if they have a weak crop at the end of the winter. I think we're waiting for rains. This is in part important in Argentina.
In Brazil, we are not as exposed because we don't have a weak business there of relevance. I don't know, Enrique, if you want to add anything to the Latin American part.
Yeah. I would only point out, Dmitry, to the fact that planting is probably the one decision that the farmer always wants to make, unless nature really imposes restrictions and they end up not being able to plant. You will see that for the product categories of our portfolio that are designed towards planting, we tend to see high resilience in revenues even though there might be drought windows. It does not work the same way for CP products, for example. What I would say is that probably we did have a good planting season for winter crops in Argentina.
That mostly shows up in our Q4 results. What we are probably looking at with a little bit more focus now are how rains will evolve in light of the upcoming summer crops planting season that usually takes place by the end of Q1, beginning of Q2 of our fiscal year in Latin America.
Understood. Thank you very much. This has been very helpful.
Thank you. As a reminder, if you'd like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. If you'd like to withdraw your question, please press star two. Please ensure you unmute locally when asking your question. Our next question comes from Brian Wright of Roth Capital. Brian, your line is now open.
Thanks. Good morning. Was hoping to get an update on ProFarm. Just, you know, maybe, are you in a position to provide an update on kind of what their 2Q results kinda look like?
Hi, Brian. This is Enrique. Thanks for joining the call, and pleasure to be talking to you. As I mentioned, Q4 of our fiscal year, so March through June, was a drought quarter in the U.S. in particular, and in California even more so. As you know, about half of the revenue stream from ProFarm is coming from cash crop sales in California. The other half is coming from row crops in the U.S. and Europe. What I would say is that Q4 for ProFarm has been a tough quarter. We do expect, and we are eager to see how the second half of the calendar year will evolve for them, coming out of that.
I would expect Q4 and full fiscal year of ProFarm revenues to be flat or slightly below the number that they report in the previous fiscal year of them, 2021. I mean, to us, obviously, I think that it is more important the benefit that we will be gaining from diversifying revenue sources, which I mentioned. Sometimes California, for example, might be an upsetting factor as it was in March through June, and hopefully sometimes it will help us, sort of like offset other revenue threats like the ones that we had in Latin America with drought for summer crops potentially. That's all I can say.
As of now, we will be probably giving a little bit more color on ProFarm's numbers in the upcoming earnings call, where we will be consolidating the results for the first time.
Great. You know, just also wondering, just from a bigger picture, given the you know, drought conditions in Argentina right now, you know, given just broad weather conditions across the globe, isn't that conducive for the next selling season as far as HB4? Or am I, you know?
No, look.
Hi, Brian. This is Federico. Great to have you on the call. I think obviously the current situation with drought becoming not only notorious here in Latin America but also in Asia, the situation in China is quite dramatic. In Europe, as we've seen coming out of the summer, yields have been hit by significant drought and high temperature conditions. The California situation that we are witnessing for cash crops. All of this is creating sort of a need for the next generation of biotechnology solutions. If you look at sort of what the industry delivered until now, which was mostly crop protection focus, I think that what we are seeing today also in light of climate change creates a perfect scenario for the type of solutions we're bringing to market.
Now, drought tolerance being kind of our central solution in terms of seed traits, but also the biological package that comes along with ProFarm and Rizobacter where we can improve crop health and soil health and improve the bio nutrition so that we are less demanding or less dependent on chemical nutrients, if you will, for crop nourishment. I think this is obviously favorable for us. You see this reflected in the regulatory clearances and the speed at which we're obtaining approvals in geographies that have been challenging in the past. I think your observation is well-based.
Great. I think that'll do it. Just some, you know, detailed stuff for Enrique post the call, but that's great. Thank you so much.
Thank you. We have no further questions for today, so I'll hand back to Federico Trucco for any closing remarks.
Okay. Thanks everyone again for joining. As I said at the beginning, this has been a terrific year, one that we're very proud of. I wanna congratulate the more than 700 people today that work in the broader Bioceres Crop Solutions organization for their hard work and invite them to keep on doing what they are doing so that we can continue to deliver the type of performance we are showing here today. I hope you have a terrific rest of the week, and look forward to interact and do follow-ups with those that are interested in learning more about our company and our technologies. Thank you.
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