I would like to welcome everyone to The Chemours Company third quarter earnings conference call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speaker's remarks, there will be a question and answer session. If you'd like to ask a question, VP Corporate Development and Investor Relations. You may begin your conference.
Good morning and welcome to The Chemours Company Third Quarter 2021 Earnings Conference Call. I'm joined today by Mark Newman, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Sameer Ralhan, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Comments made on this call that involve risks and uncertainties, including the impact of COVID-19 on our business and operations and the other risks and uncertainties described in the documents Chemours has filed with the SEC. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are based on certain assumptions and expectations of future events that may not be realized. Actual results may differ, and Chemours undertakes no duty to update or revise them in light of new information. During the course of this call, management will refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures that we believe are useful to investors evaluating the company's performance.
A reconciliation of non-GAAP terms and adjustments are included in our release and at the end of this presentation. With that, I'll turn the call over to our CEO, Mark Newman, who will review the highlights from the third quarter. Mark?
Thank you, Jonathan. On chart three. On behalf of the Chemours team, let me say how excited I am. We've been laser-focused on serving our customers, putting them at the center of everything we do, and helping to ensure that our world-class products contribute to their success. For the third quarter, we continue to see the payoff from those efforts. We have delivered for our customers, and they have delivered for us. I would like to open our prepared remarks by taking a moment to recognize the entire Chemours team for their entrepreneurship in all our businesses. Now to the highlights from the third quarter. We delivered another quarter and have now achieved our fifth consecutive quarter of sequential sales growth. We achieved these results despite the difficult operating environment and supply chain challenges across the business.
I am so proud of our team for overcoming these headwinds and delivering an outstanding quarter. Profitability continues to be strong across the portfolio. Our 22% adjusted EBITDA margins in the quarter reflect the value Chemours chemistry provides in the market. Sameer will take you through the details during his portion of the presentation. As we continue to grow earnings and improve the underlying quality of earnings of the business, we also continue to execute against our balanced approach to capital allocation. We are investing in sustainable growth and remain steady in our commitment to returning cash to shareholders, reducing our gross leverage, and funding our escrow commitments. I have no doubt that this approach over time will create tremendous value for our shareholders.
Finally, as a result of the strong performance in Q3, I'm proud to report that we will again be increasing our full year guidance. I will cover this increase in more detail at the end of the presentation. On chart four, I want to cover our continued progress on our corporate responsibility commitments. As you know, in 2018, we laid out a comprehensive set of goals covering our shared planet, inspired people, and of course, our EVOLVE portfolio. Today, I'd like to talk about our EVOLVE portfolio and a key regulatory action which will help to accelerate the adoption of our low global warming Opteon products. A few weeks ago, the EPA published final rules under the AIM Act, which was originally passed by Congress in late 2020.
The AIM Act HFC phase down, which starts in 2022, will be similar to the F-Gas regulations in Europe, with step downs designed to limit the supply of high global warming products and encouraging adoption of low global warming solutions like our Opteon technology. Chemours is well positioned to help meet the emerging needs of our customers as the market transitions. We continue to collaborate with key OEM partners to introduce newer, more efficient and more sustainable products, leveraging the performance of Opteon refrigerants. Additionally, we continue to work with end users to retrofit their existing equipment and reduce their environmental impact. Opteon is a shining example of our evolved portfolio in action and a key part of our commitment to deriving the majority of our revenue from products which meet UN sustainable development goals.
With that, I'll turn things over to Sameer to review the financial results for the third quarter. I'll be back to talk about our revised guidance before turning to Q&A. Sameer?
Thanks, Mark. Turning to chart 5. Results in the third quarter reflect a solid demand environment, which has markedly improved since the later stages of 2020. Q3 net sales of $1.7 billion were up 36% year-over-year and up 2% on a sequential basis. Volume growth driven by the global economic recovery and robust operations led our strong year-over-year performance. Improving price momentum was evident again this quarter, which led to sequential net sales growth. GAAP and adjusted EPS both amounted to $1.27 per share. Adjusted EPS results exclude the $20 million loss on debt extinguishment related to our bond refinancing and $12 million benefit of qualified spend recovery for the MOU with DuPont and Corteva. The third quarter represents the first time we have recognized a recovery as part of the cost-sharing agreement signed in January 2021.
As this is the first time disclosing this new item, we have included a brief description of the adjusted EBITDA treatment in the appendix of our earnings charts. Adjusted EBITDA increased by $162 million to $372 million in the third quarter, driven by higher volumes and pricing, with currency providing a slight tailwind. Adjusted EBITDA margins rose to 22% on a company-wide basis, up from 17% in the prior year. Free cash flow in the quarter was $244 million. Our cash performance in the quarter reflects our continued commitment to improving the overall quality of earnings of the company and converting earnings to cash. On October 27, our board of directors approved a fourth quarter 2021 dividend of 25 cents per share.
This amount is unchanged from the prior quarter and will be payable to shareholders of record as of November 15, 2021. Turning to chart six. Let's review the adjusted EBITDA bridge from the third quarter. Third quarter 2021 adjusted EBITDA was $372 million, up $162 million from the same period in 2020. Volume growth was a substantial contribution to our year-over-year improvement, with continued strength in pricing. Pricing improved across all segments as strong market demand enabled proactive actions to be taken to offset rising costs. As a result, the net contribution of pricing actions more than offset the higher costs, a great result and an area where we will remain diligent in this inflationary environment.
Higher year-over-year costs in the quarter were attributable to operating expenditures due to higher volumes, supply chain issues, raw material input inflation, and higher performance-based compensations. Turning now to chart seven. Our cash position, liquidity, and balance sheet remain strong. Our cash balance at the end of the third quarter was $1 billion, down from $1.1 billion in the prior quarter. We generated $311 million of operating cash flow in the third quarter. CapEx was $67 million. We returned more than $100 million of cash to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. We paid more than $100 million of debt principal and made our initial $100 million payment to escrow as per the MOU agreement.
Net leverage improved to 2.3x on a trailing 12-month basis, down from 2.6x in the prior quarter. We have amended our revolving credit agreement to increase borrowing capacity by $100 million to further enhance our strong liquidity and balance sheet. Total liquidity stands at $1.8 billion, including the revolver availability of approximately $800 million. Turning to chart eight. Our capital allocation framework builds on the strong cash generation potential of our company and is grounded in a disciplined and balanced approach. Through the third quarter, we have spent $194 million on CapEx to ensure safe and reliable operations, meet our corporate responsibility commitments, and in pursuit of attractive growth projects, such as our PFA capacity expansion to serve the high-growth semiconductor industry and enhancing our internal ore sourcing capabilities.
Next, we have taken several steps this year to enhance our credit profile. We have repaid a total of $134 million in debt principal, pushed our maturities, and reduced our average cost of debt. We continue to make progress towards our $3.5 billion gross debt target. We also made an initial $100 million payment to the escrow account as per the MOU agreement, shown as restricted cash on our balance sheet. Finally, we have been committed to returning the majority of our free cash flow to shareholders. Our quarterly dividend is a bedrock commitment and has remained steady at 25 cents per share since mid-2018.
Meanwhile, our improved business momentum enabled us to restart share repurchases in the second quarter and accelerate that activity in the third quarter. We spent a total of $82 million on share repurchases in the second and third quarter this year. We continued that steady share repurchase activity after quarter close with approximately $22 million of additional share repurchases in October. We see value in this balanced approach to capital allocation to drive long-term value creation for our investors. On track nine, I'll cover the results and outlook of our Titanium Technologies segment. Demand for titania pigment remained very strong in the quarter, with sustained market momentum across all regions and product categories. We were pleased with our operating performance again this quarter.
third quarter was among the highest production month in our history, which enabled us to fully support the needs of our contracted customers despite a very challenging supply chain environment. Recall that the central rule of our differentiated TVS strategy remains to create predictable, durable relationships with our customers. Our exceptional performance during an unprecedented year of challenges reinforces the value of partnering with Chemours. As a result, we have formed new commercial partnerships this year and are enhancing the quality of our book of business. Turning to the numbers, third quarter net sales rose 48% to $908 million. Volumes increased 33% versus the prior year and were flat sequentially. Price was up 14% year-over-year and improved 6% sequentially, driven by gains across all selling channels.
In the quarter, we saw the benefit of price actions taken in Q1 and Q2 in our flex channel. Pricing in our contracted channel also improved, driven by both contractual and negotiated mechanisms, reflecting an inflationary global environment. Adjusted EBITDA for the segment rose 73% year-over-year to $223 million, driven higher by the volume-led sales recovery and better pricing. Embedded in the improved results were higher plant fixed costs to support volume growth, modestly higher raw material costs, and expenses associated with supply chain disruptions. Adjusted EBITDA margins increased 400 basis points year-over-year to 25% and remained stable sequentially as pricing actions successfully offset both inflationary elements and temporary costs incurred to support high customer demand. As we look ahead, we expect a continuation of strong demand in spite of challenging macroeconomic conditions in certain parts of the world.
However, as a consequence of global order disruptions, we expect to experience some near-term production constraints, which we expect to normalize in 2022. As a result, we are anticipating a high single-digit sequential volume decline for the TT segment in the fourth quarter. At the same time, pricing momentum is building through contractual and market mechanisms, which will support a continuation of strong profitability. We are on track to finish the year in a very strong position. Following the implementation of our TVS strategic transformation, we believe that our business has never been better situated to service our customers and deliver for our shareholders. Moving to chart 10, Thermal & Specialized Solutions delivered strong year-over-year growth with contributions across most regions and markets. Robust demand, particularly in the stationary refrigerants market and better overall pricing, drove the strong year-over-year net sales growth.
Sequentially, pricing momentum built from the second quarter as product-specific actions were proactively executed to reduce the impact of rising raw materials and logistics expenses. Meanwhile, volumes declined quarter-over-quarter from the second quarter peak, consistent with typical seasonal trends. In the quarter, Opteon adoption continued across all markets, but end market demand in the automotive OEM sector was impacted by the continued semiconductor supply chain constraints. Despite these challenges, we achieved solid sales growth and profitability, which speaks to the strength and breadth of the TSS portfolio. Looking more closely at the results, third quarter net sales increased by 9% year-over-year to $318 million. Price was a 7% tailwind on a year-over-year basis, led by base refrigerant pricing implemented to offset rising costs.
Volumes increased 1% year-over-year as growth across most product categories was partially offset by headwinds from constrained automotive OEM sales. Segment adjusted EBITDA of $105 million in the quarter was flat with the prior year. Adjusted EBITDA margins of 33% declined from the prior year by 300 basis points as higher sales were offset by unfavorable mix, raw material inflation, and increased logistics expense. Looking ahead, we expect segment sales and profitability to follow normal seasonal patterns in the fourth quarter, typically representing the softest demand period of the year. Full year 2021 adjusted EBITDA margins are anticipated to be in the low 30s% range, in line with prior expectations.
We do not foresee any change in constrained auto production in the near term, but strong underlying demand for new automobiles and historically low dealer inventories point to a normalization of Opteon auto sales once supply chain constraints are relieved in 2022. As Mark highlighted earlier in this call, the passing of the U.S. IRA is a new and significant market accelerator for Opteon. TSS is well positioned to support our customers' transition to low global warming, climate friendly and energy efficient Opteon solutions. Turning to chart 11, I'll cover our Advanced Performance Materials segment. Our APM business today is in a strong position as it transitions from turnaround to secular growth driven by its technology leadership in the high growth categories such as semiconductors, telecommunications, and the hydrogen revolution with our Nafion membrane technology.
The segment's solid performance and year-over-year growth reflect market recovery across all end markets and regions from the third quarter of 2022 trough. Our resilient operating model builds on supply chain integration and industry-leading customer reliability, and finally, the benefit from enhanced focus and accountability as a newly formed reporting segment. In the quarter, net sales improved 48% year-over-year to $356 million, driven primarily by 38% volume growth. A solid operating performance allowed us to support higher than anticipated customer demand despite raw material availability issues. These raw material availability issues were a factor in the 2% sequential volume decline. Price was an 8% year-over-year benefit and flat sequentially. We continue to drive pricing actions at the customer and product level, which can sometimes be muted by mix effects across a diversified product portfolio, as was the case this quarter.
Segment adjusted EBITDA was $71 million, a $64 million increase over last year's third quarter. The year-over-year adjusted EBITDA growth demonstrates the operating leverage of this business and highlights the long-term potential of our top-line growth recovery. Adjusted EBITDA margins of 20% improved substantially versus the prior year quarter, despite being weighed down by incremental costs related to the raw material and supply chain disruptions. Looking ahead, we anticipate strong customer demand momentum to drive growth on a year-over-year basis, with normal seasonal patterns returning in the fourth quarter. Adjusted EBITDA margins are expected to remain steady through the fourth quarter and reach low 20% range in 2022, given the strong demand trajectory. Moving ahead to our chemical solutions segment of chart 12.
Third quarter net sales were $98 million, an increase of 11% year-over-year, inclusive of an 18% portfolio impact from the shutdown of our aniline business last year. 14% year-over-year volume growth was driven by a continuation of robust demand in sodium cyanide and glycolic acid products. Adjusted EBITDA was $15 million for the third quarter of 2021 versus $12 million in the prior year, as the impact of better volume and price more than offset modest cost headwinds from the higher raw material costs. The previously announced sale of our Mining Solutions business for $520 million remains on track to close in the fourth quarter of 2021, subject to regulatory approvals and other customary closing conditions. With that, I'll turn things back over to our CEO, Mark Newman. Mark?
Thanks, Sameer. We are updating our guidance for the full year to reflect the momentum we feel across our businesses. We now believe that our full year 2021 adjusted EBITDA will be between $1.3 billion-$1.34 billion versus our prior guidance. Our revised guidance is now up 50% from 2020 levels at the midpoint of our new range of $1.32 billion. We are reducing our CapEx guidance by $25 million to approximately $325 million based on the timing of projects. Our free cash flow is now anticipated to be greater than $500 million, raised from greater than $450 million previously.
We are looking forward to finishing the year with great momentum and are confident in our ability to drive sustained growth in earnings across our businesses with high free cash flow conversion. With that, operator, please open the line for questions.
Thank you. At this time, I would like to remind everyone, in order to ask a question, press star then the number one on your telephone keypad. We'll pause for just a moment to compile the current roster. Your first question comes from John McNulty from BMO Capital Markets. Please go ahead.
Yeah, thanks for taking my question, and congratulations on a really strong quarter. When we look at the Titanium Technologies business, it clearly pricing kind of hit an inflection, at least relative to the prior quarters, where things were strong before, but they kind of really kicked up now. I guess, can we unpack that a little bit? Like how should we think about what the pricing was, say, for the AVA contracts versus kind of the more portal-based or almost spot-type contracts? What were kind of the big drivers of this big incremental price kick-up, if you can help us to understand that?
Yeah. Hi, good morning, John, and thanks for the question. Listen, we really take a lot of comfort in our go-to-market strategy with TVS. We believe it's working effectively, and we believe it's resonating with our customers. Clearly, our price activity in the quarter is a combination of, you know, all of our three channels, distribution, flex and contractual customers, some of which are driven by PPI indicators which remain strong. It's really a combination of, you know, very high spot prices based on availability today, which are reflected in both our flex and distribution channels as well as, you know, robust signals that allowed us to take price on our contractual book of business.
Okay, fair enough. Speaking to the ore supply issues that were mentioned in the prepared remarks, can you give us a little bit of color as to what's driving that? Is it, you know, merely a freight issue? Is it access to some of the mines where they were a little bit down over the last, you know, quarter or two? How should we be thinking about that, and how does it get remedied? I know it sounded like you have some confidence that that won't be an issue in 2022, but what gives you that confidence?
Yeah. You know, as you will have read, there are several, you know, major force majeure in the mining space this year, and, you know, those are well-publicized that are impacting ore availability as we close out the year. Our expectation based on all of, you know, our current intelligence is that that is being resolved, but probably won't be fully resolved, you know, until the end of the first half of next year. This is something that, you know, we're watching closely, but it will impact, you know, our volumes as we indicated in Q4 and at the beginning of next year.
Got it. That's helpful. Maybe if I can sneak one last one in. Just around the pricing that you saw in particular in the TSS segment, it was, you know, it was really strong. I guess, is it all just you pushing through price to offset raw materials? I guess we had heard there might have been, you know, some price spikes because of the dual control issues in China around F- gases. I guess I'm curious if that's having any impact on some of the European business. Maybe if you can just give us a little color there. Thanks a lot for the help.
Yeah. You know, I wanna compliment our TSS team. You know, it was a challenging quarter from a volume perspective with all that's happening on semicon and auto. We expect semicon to resolve itself again in 2022. The team did a very nice job on our stationary market portfolio and took advantage of some of the shortages in the marketplace. You know, in particular, you mentioned you know availability of product from China with our local manufacturing here in the U.S. Yeah, I think the team was very focused on our North America book of business, which remains very robust and supply constrained, given some of the factors you just mentioned.
Great. Thanks very much for the color.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from Hassan Ahmed from Alembic Global Advisors. Please go ahead.
Morning, Mark.
Hi, Hassan.
Mark, a question. You know, continuing with the raw material side of things, you know, obviously we've seen significant sort of escalation in natural gas prices globally, you know, and in the U.S. in particular. You know, chlorine supply seems to be a bit of an issue as well. You know, within the U.S., you know, what are you guys seeing in terms of your own chlorine sourcing? And in the rest of the globe, you know, how are you seeing the cost curves being impacted by this natural gas price escalation and obviously the impact that it has on the chlorine side of things?
Hassan, I'm gonna start with this and Sameer, who also, you know, has responsibility for procurement to add some additional color. Let me start by answering your question and thanking our procurement and supply chain teams for just an outstanding job in managing our sourcing and supply to our operations. Let me also add that our operations are primarily domiciled here in the U.S. While we are seeing energy inflation globally, on a relative basis, we remain very cost advantaged with our U.S. manufacturing. I'll ask Sameer to add some additional color, but clearly, you know, we are staying on top of sourcing. Maybe just on chlorine before I ask Sameer to comment. You know, we are well supplied by several strategics in North America. I would say all of the main strategic suppliers.
That diversification of supply, you know, remains a strength for us, as we move through the cycle. Samir?
No, thanks, Mark. Hassan, as we kind of talked earlier as well, right? We tend to source chlorine geographically in the same region as well as you can imagine, so that helps us diversify quite a bit. You know, our Altamira plant in Mexico, which is one of our largest plants, we tend to secure chlorine regionally over there and also in Hualian in Taiwan as well. So as you kind of look at the mix, we are pretty geographically diversified as well as company-wide on the supply perspective as well. Lastly, if you recall, in New Johnsonville, we have a co-located chloralkali plant as well, which tends to supply pretty much all the needs of our plants over there. We're in a pretty good place.
Perfect. As a follow-up, in terms of, you know, obviously the cash flow in the quarter was great. The cash flow guidance for Q4 looks solid as well. You obviously, you know, did the buybacks that you did in Q3, and, you know, in October as well. How should we think about the pace of buybacks or, you know, how you guys are thinking about the strategy associated with buying back shares, and shareholder returns, and remuneration?
Hassan, we are very committed to returning the majority of our free cash flow to our shareholders. Our board is supportive of this capital allocation strategy, and we believe the value that we create for our shareholders longer term is benefited by, you know, that strategy along with de-leveraging the company and funding the escrow against, you know, legacy liability, against the MOU commitment. We think those three aspects of capital allocation, so-called balanced capital allocation, are most prudent. But within that framework, we will be returning the majority of free cash flow to our investors through the dividend and through buybacks, which as you see, accelerated significantly in Q3.
Very helpful. Thank you so much.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from the line of Bob Koort with Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.
Thanks very much. Mark, you mentioned-
Bob.
In TVS, you had some negotiated mechanisms. I guess I was under the impression most of those contracts have long duration. Can you give us a sense of how you're able to have negotiated pricing within the TVS framework?
Yeah. We have, you know, quite frankly, most of our contracts in our AVA portfolio or our contracted book of business remain, you know, tied to PPI. We also have contractual arrangements which have market mechanisms as well. It's a combination of both. The majority today, I think, are tied to, as we have shared with you, a PPI mechanism going forward.
Is there anything about the blueprint from Europe you could give us some insight into what you expect in TSS in the U.S. as the AIM Act is enforced, in terms of maybe, say, you got some cannibalization of older products that have to fade away, but you've got newer, presumably higher margin products coming in. What was sort of the net of it all that you've experienced in Europe, and should that be the blueprint in North America?
Clearly, Bob, the quarter was overshadowed by the auto production, you know, in the quarter. We continue to roll out our HFO blend technology in Europe and North America. But we are continuing to see, you know, with the robust marketplace that we have in refrigerants, you know, higher pricing on base refrigerants, many of which come out of China. It really was a mix of, you know, all of those factors. We are also working with the OEMs on the changeover of hardware. You know, when we look at this business, with the AIM Act now here in the U.S., the F-gas regulations working better and the movement of OEMs to HFO technology, all those three factors we think will continue to drive secular revenue growth in our TSS business.
What we tend to see, as you know, is the first year of a step down. The lift is not as significant. As you move through time with the next step down under the AIM Act, intended for 2024, you know, we would expect a nice growth curve here, as we move out, towards 2024.
Got it. Thanks very much.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from Josh Spector from UBS. Please go ahead.
Yeah. Hi, guys. Thanks for taking my question. I guess maybe just follow up on the AIM Act. I know the EPA is better or worse than expected and impacts your view into next year or perhaps longer term, based on that initial allocation.
Yeah, Josh. You know, we work closely with the EPA. They sought the input from all the major industry participants, and we're very pleased to say that, you know, the quota allocation was in line with expectations. In our view, you know, is really a great way to drive the adoption of HFO technology going forward. We're also very pleased with the work that the EPA is doing and learning from what happened in Europe with F-gas around illegals. You know, just really wanna compliment the administration for the focus on climate and a focus on regulation that's gonna work to drive low global warming refrigerant adoption.
Thanks. No, that's helpful. I guess shifting gears to APM, you know, volumes remained pretty strong year-over-year. Just wondering how you're thinking about volumes into Q4 and early 2022. I mean, you noted strength in certain markets. Is that enough to offset some weaker OEM demand or perhaps some softening in other markets that you'd expect continued growth? Or do you expect perhaps a more lagged impact to have an impact on growth into early 2022?
I'd say, you know, we see very strong demand momentum in our APM business. As we indicated in the call, you know, just a lot of factors, whether you're looking at, you know, EV adoption, consumer electronics. I mean, these are all markets that are growing well above GDP. These are high single-digit growth markets, at least. We are seeing really great demand signals. It is true that with auto production being down, there will be some impact, but we're not seeing that impact in our business. And in fact, based on our ability to run our plants well, you know, my view is we continue to even gain share in some of those markets that's driving demand. Samir?
Yeah, Mark, Josh, only one more thing I would add is, as you kind of look at the growth, this growth should be driving the bottom line as well. From a margin perspective, we should be in the 20s. As we kind of get into the next year, with the demand momentum that Mark just talked about, we should be driving EBITDA margins in the low 20s, at least next year.
Okay. Thank you, guys.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from Josh Silverstein from Wolfe Research. Please go ahead.
Thanks. Good morning, guys. It was helpful, the slide on capital allocation. I was just curious, though, about the timing of when you want to get to $3.5 billion of gross debt. You've been at the kind of $1.5 billion mark for cash for about a year now. It's only going to get bigger with the Mining Solutions sale. Where do you want that cash balance to sit at versus going straight to debt or shareholder returns?
You know, clearly we've indicated that our $3.5 billion growth target is something that you know we believe we should achieve over the next three years, including what we've done this year. We have the ability to accelerate that if need be, but it's always gonna be in the context of returning the majority of free cash flow to our investors as we move through the cycle. You know, we will continue to assess with our board our priorities for capital as we move through time, but that's gonna be our framework that we use. Sameer, I don't know if you have any other comments you wanna share.
No, I think Mark laid out, you know, when we set the $3.5 billion target, we said it's gonna be over three-y ears, including this year. We made nice progress this year in reducing the debt. At the same time, we've been allocating cash back to the shareholders as well. Given the strength of the cash generation of this company, we see ourselves achieving these goals on an annual basis. I think we're in a pretty good place from a capital allocation point of view.
Yeah. I guess just to follow up to that, how big will you let the cash balance get? I mean, you can see a couple quarters out plus the $500 million from the Mining Solutions sale, you can get up to $2 billion. Do you want to stay at $1 billion of cash? I guess that's like, what's the capacity for you guys to return capital to shareholders?
Again, we'll continue to assess with input from investors and our board how we allocate cash going forward. You know, probably we'll say a little bit more about that as we go into next year, you know, with the Mining Solutions divestiture behind us.
Yeah, got it. Thanks for that. Just on the titanium side, you know, you mentioned the ore constraint in production. Are you running your facilities as much as demand allows, or are you actually running below capacity? Just wanted to get a sense of how you guys are running right now.
Yeah. Our plants continue to run very well. Maybe just on that point, you know, the focus on keeping our employees safe and running reliable operations has served us well through COVID. It's also served our customers well. You know, this ore constraint, we think is temporal. You know, as I said, it will affect. It's part of our guide for Q4, down sequentially. We expect this to resolve itself in the first half of next year based on all of our indicators today.
Great. Thanks, guys.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from Matthew DeYoe from Bank of America. Please go ahead.
Thank you. Yeah, sorry about that. I was on mute for a second. I was just looking for. Sorry, I'm just pulling up my notes. The APM business and the pricing that you saw in the quarter, I mean, how much of this can we kind of draw from tightness of the market? Is there some function that is perhaps tied to logistical constraints and shipping availability and perhaps that slowing the flow of illegal refrigerants down into Europe? I'm just trying to judge because, you know, price is really strong right now, and within that is the lower comps to autos on Opteon. Looking at where demand is.
Matt, I just wanna make sure. We're talking about the Thermal & Specialized Solutions segment, right?
Oh, sorry.
Not the refrigerant-
I was talking about TSS, my fault. Sorry.
Yeah. Okay. Just clarifying.
Yeah.
Clearly, yeah, the volume in the quarter was impacted by the year-over-year comps, mainly on our auto OEM business. You'll recall last year, Q3 was a very vibrant recovery from auto plants being down earlier in the year when, you know, with COVID. You know, this quarter being obviously impacted by a lot of announcements from auto OEMs on curtailing production for semicon shortage. You should look at this volume impact as being, you know, driven primarily by auto OEM and somewhat offset by the work the team did, you know, in the stationary blends market with a strong North American market, which is also reflected in the price.
Okay. This isn't much as it relates to, I mean, because I know price pressure in legacy refrigerants in Europe has been kind of a consistent issue with the illegal trade flow. I was just kind of wondering,
You know, we continue to see continued improvement. Clearly, Europe is not as vibrant as the North America market. You have seen some notable seizures, so we think enforcement is improving. Clearly, the supply out of China for those people who are depending on China supply has been impacted by some of the factors there as well. Sameer, I don't know if you have any more to add.
Yeah, Mark. The only other one.
The U.S. has taken steps to kind of eliminate some of the illegal trade flow that we see into Europe, so hoping
Yeah. As we look into next year, you know, we would expect at some point during the year to see improving availability of semiconductors to auto. We're seeing improved enforcement of F-gas rules. You know, we'll be in the first year of the AIM Act step-down, 10% step-down here in the U.S. You know, all of the indicators are pointing in the right direction and, you know, we think over time will continue to drive the secular growth in that business.
Thanks. Okay, bye.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from Duffy Fischer from Barclays. Please go ahead.
Yeah, good morning, guys.
Hey, Duffy.
First question, just on TT. If we use Q3 as a baseline, your production in Q3, was that close to kind of the max production for you guys? Then notwithstanding maybe Q4 and Q1, where you have some ore issues, how much more volumetrically can we grow TT as we get in towards the back half of next year and then even into 2023?
Yeah. Our plants ran very well in Q2 and continued to run very well in Q3. You know, lots of credit to our ops team. As we said, you know, we were running, you know, as best we could to supply the markets, in a way that we thought was prudent. Clearly, Duffy, as we've said, we're working on debottlenecking across our entire fleet, and we would expect a lot of those projects to start to bring additional capacity to bear, you know, as we end 2022 and come into 2023 is our current forecast. The team's doing a nice job of debottlenecking our plants. Yes, we ran pretty well flat out in Q2 and Q3.
Starting in Q4, you know, the volumes will reflect ore availability. You know, we're very focused, having improved our book of business, you know, with TVS to grow with our customers. We have more inbound requests from customers wanting to sign up on contractual basis than we can honor today. The team has done a nice job of using the current market tightness to improve the quality of our contractual book and really sign up, you know, really strategic customers that we're interested in growing with long term. We're gonna be very focused on how we grow with our strategic customers who see the value proposition of TVS and the reliability of supply that you can expect from Chemours.
Great, thanks. Then, with mining chemicals, when that goes in the fourth quarter, what happens with that segment? Kind of what's left behind and, you know, will you basically shut that down and roll that into other segments and kind of just stranded costs, things like that?
Listen, you know, Mining Solutions is the largest piece of what is in that business today. We're left with a performance chemicals business, but I'll ask Sameer to comment on kind of his thinking here.
Yeah. Thanks, Mark. Duffy, the remaining business, you know, is primarily gonna be glycolic acid business. It's a great business. You know, as we kind of think about the impact that COVID has had on the disinfection market, it's a great only North American producer in the marketplace. It's a great business. From our perspective, the intention is to keep it separate from a financial disclosures point of view, not to blend it in any of the remaining three segments. As we gonna file our 10-K, we'll lay out the details.
Great. Thank you, guys.
Thanks, Duffy.
Your next question comes from Vincent Andrews from Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.
Hi, guys. This is Will on for Vincent. Just one quick question. Coatings customers have noted that they're having availability issues with other raw materials. Have you guys seen any changes in customer buying patterns as a result of this?
How would you characterize the risk to TiO2 volumes at the end of the coming raw material issues still in the next couple months?
Yeah. You're absolutely right that there's been a number of supply chain issues into coatings, excluding TiO2, I would say in terms of our customers. It has had some impact on their ability to produce in the quarter, but still demand remains very strong. The one thing I will tell you is, you know, as we start next year, you know, we start with a lot of momentum from a demand perspective. But even as that normalizes over time, you know, we expect significant restocking of the supply chain, you know, from here all the way through retail, you know, which will provide a nice steady lift for volume going forward.
Thank you.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from Arun Viswanathan from RBC Capital Markets. Please go ahead.
Great. Thanks for taking my question. I guess I wanted to ask about 2022. You know, would you expect growth in EBITDA, I guess, in TT as well as TSS and APM across the board? Would you expect you know, maybe TT to be constrained by the ore availability and be more flat as you look into 2022?
Yeah. Arun, you know, we'll have a lot more to say about 2022 early next year when we close out 2021. You know, we certainly like the momentum that we see in all of our businesses as we close out the year. Clearly, you know, ore availability with respect to TT and semicon availability with respect to auto demand and TSS demand are factors that will impact our outlook for 2022. We're continuing to assess these things, but we certainly like the demand momentum that we see in all three businesses. We think our go-to-market strategy, our cost position, and our ability to run our plants reliably are all contributing to our outlook as we go into 2022.
If I could ask on TSS, if I compare TSS 2021 versus 2018, looks like you're gonna be down about $125 million or so, which is, you know, pretty much in line with the amount that I think, you know, you guys have kind of foregone because of the import issue into Europe. Is that accurate? I guess, how do you expect to kind of recoup that, or how does that recuperation kind of evolve over the next three years? Say, is it ratably or what do you expect that will happen on the import front? Thanks.
Yeah. Well, clearly 2018 was, you know, the combination of, you know, good F-gas enforcement and, you know, still higher volumes on base refrigerants at the time and quota sales, you know, related to F-gas quotas. You had sort of all of those factors occurring at the same time. As we move forward in time, and then obviously the semicon impact on auto builds this year, clearly as that alleviates itself, F-gas gets better enforced and the AIM Act trips in here in the U.S., we would expect, you know, us to be able to grow revenue and earnings in our TSS business going forward.
We tend not to, you know, forecast in our outlook, you know, quota sales, but, you know, in a more robust marketplace, you know, with appropriate enforcement on quotas, you know, those tend to have value over time as well.
Thanks.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from Laurence Alexander from Jefferies. Please go ahead.
Hi. This is Maria Molina for Laurence today. Just have a couple quick questions. First one on the China energy situation. Did you see any impact on your plan there and-
In our business as it relates to, you know, the dual control in China. You know, as I said earlier in the call, you know, we are very diversified in our supply and in our procurement. We're not seeing any significant direct impact in our business. Clearly, the availability of product out of all of our businesses, and we're seeing that impact. I'd say net-net, it's not a significant impact for Chemours today.
Thanks. The second one, about the Nafion business. I understand it's a little bit a long-term play. Do you see right now sort of if the growth and demand is on track according to your expectations?
You know, we're very excited about our role in the hydrogen economy and the role of our products in reducing greenhouse gas and decarbonizing, increases off of a relatively small base in terms of segment revenue today. As we look out, based on, we see really meaningful growth 20%-30%, we expect the membrane market for both fuel cells and electrolyzers any market participant. We're very excited about the long-term growth here, and we're investing both from a product perspective and leveraging capacity to be able to serve that market need. We have the largest installed monomer capacity related to this product in the world, and probably the only such capacity here in the U.S. We're very excited about how we leverage that starting point.
Thank you.
Thank you.
Again, if you'd like to ask a question, press star one on your telephone keypad. The next question comes from Bob Koort from Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.
Yeah, thanks. I just had a follow-up. I was curious, Mark Newman, electronics exposure and you know, do you ever think about trying maybe to monetize that asset, given the valuation gap to where your own equity trades? Is that in the market?
Bob, clearly we're very excited about the future of APM. To your point, you know, we believe, given the secular growth of our TSS and APM businesses, and that the improving earnings quality of our TiO2 business means, you know, our repurchases of stock as we move forward. Clearly over time, at this time, you know, to do what you are suggesting that we could look at, but that remains an option of our company that we'll assess as we move forward.
Great. Thank you.
There are no further questions at this time. I will turn the call back over to Mark Newman for closing remarks.
Thank you, Julie, and thanks all for joining today. You know, we're really, we believe we have the right go-to-market strategy and our employees safe, running our plants well, and being focused on meeting the needs of our customers. That's serving us really well across our entire 6,500 employees through the pandemic. You know, we really look forward to finishing 2022. Thank you.
Just con-close the conference call, you may now disconnect.