Good afternoon. Welcome to Clearfield's fiscal first quarter 2020 earnings conference call. My name is Daryl, and I will be your operator this afternoon. Joining us for today's presentation are the company's President and CEO, Cheri Beranek, and CFO, Dan Herzog. Following their commentary, we will open the call for questions. I would now like to remind everyone that this call will be recorded and made available for replay via a link in the investor relations section of the company's website. This call is also being webcasted and accompanied by a PowerPoint presentation called "The Field Report," which is also available in the investor relations section of the company's website.
Good afternoon. Thank you everyone for joining us today. Bookings for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 were consistent with our expectations for the period. From a top-line perspective, we saw strong contributions from our national carrier and MSO markets, which were up 33% and 22% year-over-year respectively. However, our overall revenue results in the first quarter were impacted by the timing of received orders, resulting in a $1.6 million increase in backlog. We remain confident with respect to reaching our previously stated financial guidance for the fiscal year. From an efficiency standpoint, we generated increased gross profit margin up to 39.9%, reflecting operating enhancements in multiple product categories. In fact, this quarter marked our best margin performance for any quarter out of the past seven.
We're especially proud of our margin expansion this quarter, considering more than 55% of our revenue was fulfilled through distribution, which typically has a lower margin profile. We had three 10% customers this quarter, all of which were distributors. Before I dive deeper into our results and progress against our Coming of Age plan, I'd like to spend a moment going over some of our recent operational and market progress. Looking at our market segments by revenue more closely, starting with our core community broadband market. In Q1, we generated revenue of $11.6 million, which was down 11% year-over-year. On a trailing 12-month or TTM basis ended December 31, 2019, community broadband market revenue totaled $52.1 million, down 3% from the comparable period.
Product mix for the quarter was roughly consistent with last year, with the exception of a decline in our active cabinet products, which also impacted our international revenue. We are actively evaluating options to address these changing dynamics with the objective of improving our visibility and overall effectiveness of this product category. Our national carrier business is our second-largest market, comprising 16% of total revenue in Q1 and 15% of our total revenue for the trailing 12-month period. From a growth standpoint, we maintained the momentum we established last year, realizing a 33% year-over-year increase in revenue to $3.1 million in Q1 and a 32% year-over-year increase to $12.7 million for the trailing 12-month period. Driving this growth is the continued demand from fiber to the home and fiber to the business applications.
We believe the momentum in our national carrier market validates the strategic investments we've made over the last two years to capitalize on the Tier 1 opportunity and also demonstrates the increasing traction we're achieving. In addition to the positive results we experienced in our national carrier market, we generated double-digit growth in our MSO or cable TV market. In Q1, we generated $2.3 million in revenue, which was up 22% year-over-year, and generated $8.8 million for the trailing 12-month period, which was up 11% year-over-year. Revenue in our international market was down 27% year-over-year, but up 8% over the last 12 months. As I mentioned earlier, our international market was impacted by the softness in active cabinet sales. Revenue in our legacy build-to-print business was down 3% in the first quarter, but up 11% over the trailing 12-month period.
We continue to expect this business to operate at approximately a $4 million annual run rate for the foreseeable future. With that, I'll now turn the presentation over to our CFO, Dan Herzog, who will walk us through our financial performance for the first quarter of fiscal 2020.
Thank you, Cheri. Looking at our first quarter financial results in more detail. Our revenue in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 decreased 4% to $19.4 million from $20.1 million in the same year-ago period. The decrease in revenue was primarily due to lower sales in our community broadband and international markets. Gross profit for the first quarter of fiscal 2020 totaled $7.7 million, or 39.9% of total revenue, compared to $7.9 million, or 39.6% of total revenue in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. The decrease in gross profit dollars was due to the lower overall revenue we generated in the quarter. The increase in gross profit margin was due to cost reduction efforts across the product lines, including expanded use of our Mexican manufacturing plant, supply chain programs, and initiatives to reduce the impact of tariffs for products sourced from China.
Our operating expenses for fiscal Q1 of 2020 were $7.3 million, which were up from $6.8 million in the same year-ago quarter. The increase in operating expenses was primarily due to an expansion of sales resources and the cost associated with product testing required for Tier 1 certification. Income from operations totaled $400,000 in the first quarter of fiscal 2020 compared to $1.2 million from the same year-ago quarter. Income tax expense was $123,000 compared to $296,000 in the first quarter of last year. The resulting net income was $501,000 or $0.04 per diluted share for the first quarter of fiscal 2020. This compares to net income of $1 million or $0.08 per diluted share in the first quarter of fiscal 2019. During the first quarter, our cash equivalents, and investments decreased $700,000 to $46.8 million from $47.5 million in the prior quarter ended September 30, 2019.
This was the result of the payment of fiscal year 2019 bonuses during the quarter, as well as an increase in inventory for new product introductions planned for later this quarter. As I have mentioned on prior Field Reports, our board and management team will continue to evaluate how we deploy our capital to generate the highest returns for our shareholders, whether that's through share repurchases or continuing to invest in our business to further reduce our cost structure and/or expand our market and revenue opportunities. That concludes my prepared remarks. I will now turn the call back over to Cheri. Cheri?
Thanks for the financial overview, Dan. As many of you know, we're entering the second year of our three-year Coming of Age plan, which has helped us to strengthen our core business and position Clearfield for disruptive growth opportunities, especially around 5G. I'll now spend a moment providing a brief update on our three major initiatives within that plan. As it relates to expanding our core community broadband business, Clearfield has established a solid position in this market. For more than a decade, customers have relied on our technology to cost-effectively deploy and manage their fiber infrastructure. Clearfield has been helping these carriers reduce their short-term and longer-term expenses while still supporting future bandwidth and network growth. As utilities, municipalities, and cooperatives enter into this market alongside the traditional Tier 3 service provider, we expect our unique modular architecture to help us further grow our share.
In connection with our operational excellence plan, which I will touch on shortly, we are moving toward a more distributor-centric approach. As I mentioned earlier, more than 55% of our revenue in Q1 was through distributors, which was up from 45% in the year-ago period. We expect the mix of revenue between distributors and direct sales to vary quarter-to-quarter, but over time, sales through distributors will increase. Operational effectiveness is a primary focus of our entire organization in fiscal 2020. Our success in this area is perhaps best demonstrated by the nearly 40% gross profit margin we realized in this first quarter. Despite this success, we are not resting on our laurels. We are continuing to judiciously invest in improving our manufacturing capabilities and supply chain to further increase Clearfield's competitiveness as well as operational efficiencies.
In fact, this month, we are signing a lease for a second manufacturing facility in Mexico, which is in the same industrial park as our current facility. The second facility will double our square footage and allow us to establish lean manufacturing initiatives by dedicating one facility to connectivity and the other to splicing operations associated with our enclosures. We are moving quickly on this effort and expect to be shipping out of the new facility by the end of fiscal quarter two. It's worth mentioning that the costs associated with the second facility are already included in our financial guidance for fiscal 2020. The third initiative of our plan involves capitalizing on our 5G opportunities within the wireline markets of national carriers and all wireless markets. We continue to gain traction in these markets.
Along that line, as we look into fiscal Q2, we believe we are at the very early stage of realizing Tier 1 revenue that is associated with 5G deployments and the handoff between wireline and wireless networks. The sequel, if you will, to the Coming of Age plan is what we call Accelerating Operating Cadence. As many of you know, ingrained in Clearfield's DNA is nimbleness, which has allowed us to listen and swiftly respond to our customers' needs, as well as to react quickly to changing market conditions. Longer term, we believe playing to our core strength in speed will help create new opportunities for our company and is at the foundation of the Accelerating Operating Cadence initiative. Opening our second facility in Mexico is a prime example of this initiative already in motion.
Our ability to secure a lease and plan shipping a product out of the new facility in just two months demonstrates just how quickly and efficiently we operate. We believe our agility and our decisiveness have allowed us and will continue to enable us to stay ahead of the competition. While being agile is important, just as important is endurance. We're confident that the strategy, systems, and processes we have in place will enable Clearfield to maintain our competitiveness over the long haul. We continue to believe fiscal 2020 will be a period of solid growth and profitability, especially in the second half of the year.
As I talked about on our prior Field Report, the main reason for this back-loaded trajectory is that we are strategically investing in our business to support our continued success in the wireless and wireline market of the national carriers, both in the near and long term. To reiterate our financial guidance for fiscal 2020, we expect revenue to range between $92 million and $95 million, representing growth of 10% at the midpoint. Embedded in our guidance is that our revenue will build throughout the year, similar to what we've seen historically. Looking at some of our other financial metrics, we continue to anticipate gross margins to range between 37%-38%.
While we're encouraged by the strong margin we realized in our first quarter, we remain cognizant of the potential for pricing pressure in the Tier One market as we continue to drive growth and market share gains in this segment of our business. Moving down the income statement, we continue to expect our operating expenses as a percentage of revenue to be between 31%-33% of total revenue for the year, which is essentially flat compared to fiscal 2019. As I talked about on our last call, we anticipate that our operating expenses will level off in the later half of fiscal 2020, enabling an acceleration in margin improvement to continue with mid to high single-digit earnings to continue as we enter the Accelerating Operating Cadence phase of our growth plan in fiscal 2021.
As it relates to our bottom line, we expect net income as a percentage of revenue to remain between 3% and 5% for the year, underscoring our commitment to continue growing profitably and responsibly. Net income percentage will be in the low single digits early in the first half of the year, then rising to mid to high single digits near the year-end. As we look ahead in fiscal 2020, we are well-positioned for industry-leading solutions, a strong competitive position, and a proven business model to capitalize on the disruptive growth opportunities within the fiber optics industry. With that, we're ready to open the call for your questions.
Thank you. We will now be taking questions from the company's publishing sell side analysts. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in the question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star keys. One moment please while we poll for questions. Our first set of questions come from the line of Timothy Savageaux of Northland Capital Markets. Please proceed with your questions.
Pardon me. Hi, good afternoon.
A couple of questions. First, want to focus on, I guess, the dynamics around the community broadband market in the quarter. You mentioned a build in backlog and maybe orders coming in later in the quarter. Should we assume that that's community broadband principally? Was the focus of that dynamic, or do you have other market verticals that saw that kind of late developing order flow as well?
Right. Inside of the first quarter 2020 results, inside of the press release, we do indicate that the increase in backlog is driven by community broadband. The community broadband was down about $1.5 million for the quarter. The increase in backlog for the quarter of $1.6 million, I think, over September 30th was principally driven by community broadband. It's directly relational. I think that's important to note because in the history of Clearfield, due to the seasonality of our business, I don't believe we've ever seen an increase in backlog for the December 31st quarter because of the seasonality of what we do. This was really unusual. We wanted to make that front and center so that people understood that our bookings for the period were right on where we wanted them to be.
It just happened to be that they ended up getting late into the middle of December, and with a lot of our equipment gets shipped to unmanned sites, the time between Christmas and New Year's just wasn't a good time for us to be shipping that product. The business is still sound in that area, and we continue to appreciate strong share within the community broadband market.
Right. As you reiterate your annual guidance despite lower than expected, at least revenue, if not bookings, in Q1, what's giving you that visibility or that confidence in the rest of the year? Obviously, you have the backlog building in community broadband. Do you have, you mentioned, I don't know if you were guiding to some initial revenue from 5G-related projects in Q2, but is it Tier Ones that's driving that visibility for the year or-
Right.
Or a combination?
I think if we go back to our operating pillars, besides the Coming of Age plan, our first pillar was to support and enhance our position in community broadband, and we feel that we've accomplished that and are continuing to support that. In regard to the third pillar, which is about being able to expand upon disruptive technologies and opportunities, we're really excited about, I think, three things. I tried to point them out with the limited amount of time that we have within the materials. The first is that our fiber to the home and fiber to the business business inside of Tier One is up 33% over last year for the period of the 90 days.
I also wanted to make sure that we called out the trailing 12-month period, because I really think it's irresponsible for us to look at just a 90-day period. The momentum and the cadence that we have within the Tier One fiber to the home, especially in a fiber to the home market in the Tier One space that is substantially down in 2019 versus 2018, I think really shows the share that we're building. Second is the opportunity within cable TV. It's a small market for us, but it is a deliberate, continual expansion. We had 22% this last trailing 12-month period. No matter where you look in cable TV, you'll see their CapEx spends are down across the board.
Being able to continue to take share, although it's a small revenue dollar, I think shows us that as that spend increases, and we anticipate that it will, as 5G and the wireless spend creates some competitive market share customer churn issues inside of cable TV. We'll see cable TV start to spend this year, and we're well positioned to take advantage of that. The third aspect of why we believe that we're comfortable with our forecast for next year is that beginning level of business in the 5G space. We did not see 5G revenue in quarter one, but there is 5G backlog in quarter two. It's small in that the 5G business is still, from a technology standpoint, there's more disruption than there is build.
We're very excited about being able to, whenever there's a market that is changing and they need new technologies, that's a fabulous opportunity for us to be able to replace the incumbent with new ideas. There's new things that need to be done in 5G for that handoff between the wireline and wireless space. We've talked now for over a year that that's where we were attacking, and we'll start to see beginning revenues for that in quarter two.
Okay, got it. If I could follow up on the capacity expansion, I think you mentioned you're doubling the size of your footprint in Mexico or bringing us 50,000 sq ft.
That's right.
I wonder if you could maybe speak to that on maybe a dollar basis, understanding you're making different products in different locations. When you ramp that up, can you give us an estimate of what your overall maybe quarterly revenue capacity will be?
I think that's difficult because it's based upon product mix. We entered into the first facility in Mexico three years ago, had that first 50,000 sq ft of capacity that we put in place at that period of time. We have not maxed out the capacity levels of that first building at this point, but it's a fabulous time right now for us to add a second facility because of some of the Chinese tariffs and some of the cost structures associated there, we've been really aggressive of moving additional solutions into that manufacturing footprint.
Being able to dedicate a facility to connectivity and the termination of fiber, and a second facility to splicing for those enclosures, which is just a forklift apart from each other, really will allow us to optimize cost structures, be able to put in lean initiatives, be able to deal with statistical process control for cost reductions. That enhancement of an additional 50,000 sq ft is about as much about cost reductions as it is in capacity. We continue to not believe that we should be doing anything on a Clearfield footprint that we can't do better than someone else. We still have some virtual manufacturing partners behind that.
I think we've got two years left in our lease here in Brooklyn Park, then we'll be re-signing our lease in Mexico for the original facility for another three to three and a half years, then that second facility will be coterminous. We think we're in a good place right now for our growth initiatives for the next two to three years.
Great. If I could just follow up on that with one more question, I'll pass it on.
Okay.
Can you hear me?
Yep, all good. Yep.
Oh, okay. Sorry. Just kind of approaching that another way, and I know you've been, I think, shifting capacity to deal with the China tariff issues. Of your current revenue base, I wonder if you can give us an estimate of what portion of that is sourced out of your Mexico facility at present.
Yeah.
How predominant that is.
Right. Yeah. This fiscal year is the first time that we started manufacturing more out of Mexico than in Brooklyn Park. We're at about a 60/40 split right now.
Yeah.
Our ability then to enhancing or doubling that space in Mexico with just even a first shift, will allow us to probably double our revenue without major CapEx expansion. We have, right now, about 150 people in Mexico. It's important for us to continue to grab that additional building, because we've invested a lot in training. We don't believe in employees that come in and out. We have the same level of investment in training and quality, and the ability to ensure our product line is better than anything else that's on the marketplace. We continue to invest in that. From a model standpoint, I think we're at that point where that 37%-38% for gross profit for this year is a good point for us for that 10% growth that we're identifying.
That's where we're going to be able to see some of the improved gross profit margins into fiscal year 2021, as we expand the capacity in that space to take advantage of it.
Got it. Thanks.
All right. Nice to talk to you. See you soon.
Our next set of questions come from the line of Jaeson Schmidt of Lake Street. Please proceed with your questions.
Hey, guys. Thanks for taking my questions. I just want to start with the revenue that got pushed out of December. Curious if you could quantify how much got pushed out of December, and relatedly, if you expect to recognize that all here in the March quarter.
It was about $1.5 million. I think we will see most of that recognized in quarter two. One of the challenges we have in regard to specifically identifying revenue in each quarter is that January is the month in which I always say, "Where did they go?" Because you've got all this activity and quoting, and we do so much business in a short lead time, a short guarantee time, that it's really like when will the budgets get approved and some of the other challenges that you see in some of the larger customers. From a model standpoint, we're still committed to the 92 to 95. I think we'll see a little increase over some of the analysts' expectations for Q2 than what were originally forecast. I don't know if the full million and a half will show up as an increase.
Maybe a million in quarter two and then the other half million in quarter three.
Okay. That's helpful. I know you guys are planning to, or targeting to increase the amount of revenue coming from distribution. Longer term, what sort of split do you think would be fair for you guys to target?
That's really dependent upon customer choice. As we continue to expand into the Tier 1 markets, one of the things that we're finding in the RFQ process is that we bid direct to the Tier 1 service provider, and then if they should choose to go through distribution, they take the price point that we bid under the RFQ as our selling price and then negotiate with the distributor for their services. It's a little bit clouded for us, a little bit cloaked, because we don't really know what the Tier 1 vendors want to do. I think as our Tier 1 revenues increase, it's probably likely that our distribution revenues will increase as well, because the distributors have that functionality. Some of the packaging and staging that are important for the national providers that we haven't seen in community broadband. I think we're going to see some fluctuation.
I don't think it's going to be 55 and then growing every quarter. I think we'll see some 55, then maybe go down, then maybe go back up again. Probably by the end of the year, we'll probably see a 55%-60%, but probably not much more than that, at least in the short term.
Okay. The last one from me, and I'll jump back in the queue. I know it sounded like keeping the gross margin outlook to bake in the potential for pricing pressure, but just curious if you could comment on what you're seeing from a pricing standpoint today.
I think we're competitive in this space. In addition to the kind of the Tier 1 world, our goal is not to go into the Tier 1 world and win business on price. That's not a sustainable competitive advantage for us. We need to be in the market space, we need to be competitive, but we're not looking to undercut the incumbents by a significant margin in order to win business. We're going after that space with new technology and in markets that are changing, requiring new solutions, so it's not an apples-to-apples comparison.
However, I think there's always a standpoint as we move forward that producing those first solutions, like as I talked about in quarter two, as we start to now actually start shipping 5G technologies, that those first products will be at a lower margin until we get to a run rate or a cadence level for some of those products. Dips in the front end with some opportunities for expansion afterwards. Another thing that we haven't talked very much about, but it is a price pressure that we're dealing with, is that community broadband is growing, but it's growing with new companies, municipalities, utilities, and we have some, I'll call them bottom-feeders, coming in at some really amazingly low price points without certifications, without the technologies around them, that are just trying to explore or fit into it.
We've got that baked into where our expectations for this year as well. I think I've got a world-class sales organization who knows how to sell against that and to sell our features. There could be some quarterly lumpiness until we get that worked through.
Okay. Thanks a lot.
All righty.
Our next set of questions come from the line of William Gibson of ROTH Capital Partners. Please proceed with your questions.
Thank you. What are your capital expenditure plans for the year?
Okay. I'm going to pass that to Dan.
Oh, thanks. Yeah, Bill. Last year was a little bit higher. We did about $2.4 million, but we had a lot of expansion going on in our current Mexico facility. This year, since we incurred a significant chunk of that in last year, it's going to somewhere between $1.5 million and $2 million.
Okay. Was any of Mexico a part of the first quarter? I'm speaking of the second facility.
No.
No.
Yeah. We'll start shipping out of the second facility in March. We'll start incurring costs in February.
Okay. Thank you. Lastly, the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund.
Is that starting to kick in?
No, it's just confusing. We call it RDOF, and it's going to be good for everybody. I like some of the stuff that's heading out because part of the changes are to require increased speeds or to basically, what's the word I'm looking for? Giving some advantages to the fact conditioning or if a bid comes in at a higher speed, they actually provide some balance to that so that they're not on equal footing to lower ones. It's good for us long term. It's good for fiber long term. The Fiber Broadband Association has done some really good work in their legislation and their lobbying in that world. I think it's actually slowed down some of community broadband rather than increasing it this year. I think next year's build cycle will start to see a little bit of increase, but the real impact for that is 2021.
Okay, good. Thank you.
You're welcome.
Our next set of questions come from the line of Tim Savageaux from Northland Capital Markets. Please proceed with your questions.
Yeah, I wanted to follow up, actually, and you kind of touched on it a little bit, which is the kind of overall growth expectations for the community broadband market. It seems like that market could be a double-digit grower, but you've obviously started off fairly slow, although it seems, on a bookings basis, kind of flattish. I wonder if you can give us an estimate of what you think that your core market, what rate it's growing at, and then what you might be giving up.
from a market share standpoint relative to some of these lower-end competitors you mentioned.
Right. We think it's growing at about somewhere between an 8% and 11% basis, kind of averaging in that 9% area. We've made a conscious decision that individuals who are going to buy solely on price are not our target customer, in that there's sometimes you have to say no to business. We've done that in the past, and what's usually happened is they come back. The first time they buy a $200 splitter, they think they've saved a fortune, and then the first winter when it goes out, they come back and you rip it out and start over. We look to grow community broadband about 9%. We're going to work hard to be able to continue to make that happen.
It'll be interesting to play out where the build cycle starts and if the challenges associated with, when you work into a municipality and they're going to send it out for RFQ, they don't have some of the fiber sophistication in regard to network planning and engineering that they probably need to make good choices. There may be a short-term market share risk that we will take based upon our decision to be competitive, but not to go to the low end. I think when you're putting fiber in the ground for the next 40 or 50 years, it's important to do it right.
Thanks very much.
You're welcome.
Thank you. This does conclude our question and answer session. If your question was not taken, you may contact Clearfield's investor relations team at clfd@gatewayir.com. The company will post the most relevant questions and answers in the For Investors section of Clearfield's website. I'd now like to turn the call back to CEO Cheri Beranek for her closing remarks.
Thank you so much for joining us today. Please look to our website and our proxy materials for our annual meeting, which will be held at the last week of February. We look forward to updating you again on our progress soon.
Please note that during the course of this call, management made forward-looking statements regarding future events and the future financial performance of the company. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statement. It's important to note also that the company undertakes no obligation to update such statements except as required by law.