Good afternoon, and welcome to the fiscal year 2023 first quarter financial results conference call for Dell Technologies Inc. I'd like to inform all participants this call is being recorded at the request of Dell Technologies. This broadcast is the copyrighted property of Dell Technologies Inc. Any rebroadcast of this information in whole or part without the prior written permission of Dell Technologies is prohibited. Following prepared remarks, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. If you have a question, simply press star then one on your telephone keypad at any time during the presentation. I'd like to turn the call over to Rob Williams, Head of Investor Relations. Mr. Williams, you may begin.
Thanks, Jamaria, and thanks everyone for joining us. With me today are Jeff Clarke, Chuck Whitten, Tom Sweet, and Tyler Johnson. Our earnings materials are available on our IR website, and I would encourage you to review these presentation materials, which include rich content to complement our discussion this afternoon. Guidance will also be covered on today's call. During this call, unless otherwise indicated, all references to financial measures refer to Non-GAAP financial measures, which include Non-GAAP revenue, gross margin, operating expenses, operating income, net income, earnings per share, and adjusted free cash flow. A reconciliation of these measures to the most directly comparable GAAP measures can be found in our web deck and press release. Growth percentages refer to year-over-year change unless otherwise noted. Statements made during this call that relate to future results and events are forward-looking statements based on current expectations.
Actual results and events could differ materially from those projected due to a number of risks and uncertainties, which are discussed in our web deck and SEC filings. We assume no obligation to update our forward-looking statements. During the call today, Jeff will recap Q1 and innovation highlights from Dell Technologies World, along with the current demand and supply chain environments. Chuck will cover detailed Q1, CSG, and ISG operating performance, and Tom will cover our Q1 financial results, capital allocation, and guidance. Now I'll turn it over to Jeff.
Hello, everybody. Thanks for joining us. Following a record FY 2022, we continue to execute quite well in a complex macro environment. We are focused on our long-term strategy while continuing to innovate, enhancing existing solutions, and creating new ones for our customers. For Q1, we delivered record revenue of $26.1 billion, up 16%, with strong balanced growth across CSG and ISG. We also improved our profitability in the quarter, and we will continue to focus on disciplined cost management. As a result, diluted EPS was $1.84, a record up 36%. Over the last 12 months, we have generated $5.8 billion of cash flow from operations. We are grateful to succeed alongside our customers.
At Dell Technologies World, customers like CVS Health, USAA, General Motors, and Boeing talked about reinventing their processes and their industries while unleashing innovation, productivity, and sustainability with Dell as a key technology partner. We highlighted our role in the multi-cloud future, announcing a steady stream of innovation that places us at the center of our customers' multi-cloud world. Specifically, we made a series of announcements that demonstrate the work we are doing to build a multi-cloud ecosystem that includes all major public clouds. We shared Project Alpine, which brings enterprise-class data services into the public cloud for cloud bursting, test and development, cloud-based analytics, data and container mobility. We are also unlocking the power of data through our partnership with Snowflake, the first of its kind that provides direct access to Dell Object Storage on-prem, and we are including cybersecurity throughout.
In addition, we also announced over 500 software enhancements to our industry-leading storage portfolio. For PowerMax, the world's most secure mission-critical storage, we introduced a new intelligent NVMe multi-node scale-out architecture with AI-isolated cyber vaults, 65 million immutable snapshots, and the industry's first data compression for mainframes. For PowerStore, we added ease and integration, significantly boosted mixed workload performance, deepened VMware integration, and added native Metro Sync replication. With PowerFlex, we have the only software-defined infrastructure that scales almost limitlessly for compute and storage while supporting bare metal, all hypervisors, and file and block storage services on a single platform with increased cyber resiliency and multi-cloud extensions. These software-driven innovations enable a continuously modern storage experience with highly adaptable storage architectures, comprehensive cyber resiliency, and multi-cloud ecosystem flexibility. Lastly, we announced a range of Apex offers that further expand our subscription and as-a-service capabilities.
To date, the transition towards multi-cloud and a highly distributed architecture is playing out much like we thought. It's clear our strategy is resonating across our customers and partner ecosystem. Turning to the supply chain, we experienced a wide range of semiconductor shortages that impacted CSG and ISG in Q1. In addition, the COVID lockdowns in China caused temporary supply chain interruptions in the quarter. As a result, backlog levels were elevated across CSG and ISG exiting the quarter. We expect backlog to remain elevated through at least Q2 due to current demand and industry-wide supply chain challenges. Q1 component costs were deflationary across key commodities, but logistics spend remained elevated due to higher rates and a mix of expedited parts. Turning to Q2, we expect component costs to turn inflationary and logistics costs remain at elevated levels.
That all said, Dell Technologies is well-positioned to navigate these supply chain challenges just as we have over the past three-plus years. The big picture, as we previously noted, we are seeing a shift in spend from consumer and PCs to data center infrastructure. IT demand is currently healthy. However, there are a number of uncertainties out in the broader macro that we continue to monitor, geopolitical issues, inflation, ongoing supply chain challenges, chip constraints, and COVID shutdowns. What we have shown over the years is that regardless of the environment, we are agile and built to outperform. We are able to quickly lean into opportunities and focus on what we can control, executing our strategy for growth, innovating for our customers, motivating our teams, building better communities, and delivering for our stakeholders.
With that, I'd like to turn it over to Chuck for a deeper dive into our segment results.
Thanks, Jeff. Great to be here with all of you, and excited to share the details of our Q1 business unit performance. Starting with ISG, we delivered another record Q1 with 16% growth and $9.3 billion of revenue. It's our fifth consecutive quarter of growth as widespread digital transformation continues to support growth and infrastructure spend. ISG profitability was up, with operating income growing 39% and operating margins expanding 200 basis points to 11.7%. Servers and networking revenue grew 22%, and storage revenue grew 9% as four consecutive quarters of demand growth has now made its way into the P&L. We were particularly pleased with the breadth of strength in storage.
In Q1, we saw storage demand growth across our portfolio, including data protection, HCI, unstructured, entry, high-end, and PowerStore, our marquee mid-range solution and still the fastest-growing storage architecture in company history. Turning to client solutions, CSG also delivered a record Q1 with revenue of $15.6 billion, up 17% on top of a strong prior year comp of 20% growth. This was outstanding absolute and relative performance. We gained 190 basis points of PC unit share in calendar Q1 based on IDC results, the most among the top four industry vendors. We have now gained unit share in 33 of the last 37 quarters. As we've highlighted, not all PC units are created equal. Our focus on the commercial segment paid off in Q1 as commercial demand was solid, and we saw softness in consumer and Chrome as expected.
Commercial CSG revenue grew 22%, while consumer grew 3%. We also saw continued strength in software and peripherals as customers continue to seek exceptional PC experiences in the do anything from anywhere world. Our market-leading display business, for example, grew 20% and gained 370 basis points in calendar Q1 according to preliminary IDC data. The net of strong commercial performance, peripheral growth, and disciplined cost management was strong profitability. The business delivered an op inc. margin of 7.2%, and we have delivered roughly $1 billion of op inc. or better over the last seven quarters. Looking ahead, we are seeing a rotation in IT spending from CSG to ISG. Despite economic uncertainty, digital transformation and automation efforts are being used to solve the pressing challenges of the moment as technology and business strategies merge, benefiting our infrastructure business.
We expect ISG growth for the full fiscal year. PCs are now a C-suite issue. In the world of hybrid work and in a fiercely competitive talent market, the PC is the gateway to the employee experience and a visible symbol of a company's commitment to technology. We do, however, expect CSG growth to moderate over the course of the year as the consumer portion of the market slows. Q1 is proof of the benefits of having a strong geographically and sector-diverse business covering the end user to the edge, to the core data center, to the cloud. We are central to our customers' technology agendas, creating predictability, durability, and flexibility in our business to pursue growth wherever it materializes in the IT market.
As Jeff stated, there is some macro uncertainty right now, but we have shown time and time again the ability to navigate any market environment by focusing on our customers, our employees, our long-term strategy, and our stakeholders. With that, let me turn it over to Tom.
Thanks, Chuck. As Jeff highlighted earlier, we delivered record Q1 revenue of $26.1 billion, up 16%, driven by strong growth in both CSG and ISG. We have previously highlighted that we thought fiscal year 2023 would see a more robust infrastructure investment cycle, while PC growth would shift back towards historical patterns. To date, this appears to be how fiscal year 2023 is shaping. Gross margin was $5.9 billion, up 9% at 22.7% of revenue. Gross margin as a percentage of revenue was 150 basis points lower, primarily due to increased component and logistics cost. However, it was up 190 basis points sequentially due to improvement in both CSG and ISG gross margin percentages as more of our prior pricing actions took effect.
We also saw richer PC and server configurations and stronger storage performance in the quarter. Operating expense was $3.8 billion, up 3% at 14.5% of revenue as a result of investments in our team members and targeted investments in our growth areas, including capabilities to support our evolving business model. We will balance these investments with prudent cost discipline given the uncertainties in the current environment. Operating income was a Q1 record of $2.1 billion, up 21% at 8.2% of revenue. Net income was $1.4 billion, up 36%, primarily driven by growth in operating income and a decline in interest expense due to our lower debt balances. Our tax rate was 19.3%.
Fully diluted earnings per share was $1.84, up 36%, with diluted share count decreasing sequentially to 780 million shares as a result of repurchases. Our recurring revenue is approximately $5.3 billion a quarter, up 15%. Our remaining performance obligations, or RPO, is approximately $42 billion, up 14%, and includes deferred revenue plus committed contract value not included in deferred revenue. Dell Financial Services originations were $2.1 billion, up 9%, and DFS ended the quarter with $13.2 billion in total managed assets. Turning to our cash flow and balance sheet, our use of cash from operations was $300 million in Q1, primarily driven by our annual bonus payout and seasonal revenue decline.
As a reminder, Q1 is often a use of cash given the seasonality in our business and the timing of our annual incentive compensation payments. The team did a nice job on working capital management in the quarter, minimizing the increase in inventory due to supply chain challenges and reducing receivables. Our core debt balance is $16.5 billion, and we ended the quarter with $8.5 billion in cash and investments, down $2.8 billion dollars sequentially, principally due to seasonally low free cash flow and $1.75 billion in shareholder capital returns. We repurchased 28.8 million shares of stock in Q1 for $1.5 billion and issued $250 million dollars in dividends.
Going forward, we will continue our balanced capital allocation approach, repurchasing shares programmatically to manage dilution while maintaining flexibility to be opportunistic like we were in Q1. Turning to Q2 and fiscal year 2023, digital transformation is a top priority for our customers, and it's fueling our growth as our customers look for a partner in their multi-cloud journey. Global IT spend is projected in the mid-single digits, and with what we see today, the current demand environment supports this. Against that backdrop, we expect Q2 revenue between $26.1 billion and $27.1 billion, up 10% at the midpoint, with both CSG and ISG growing. We expect foreign currency to be a headwind for both Q2 and for the full year. We do expect gross margin rates to decrease sequentially as CSG mix increases, and we manage through inflation and currency dynamics with an elevated backlog.
OpEx will remain roughly flat to Q1 as a percentage of revenue. For our Non-GAAP tax rate, you should assume 20% plus or minus 100 basis points. We expect diluted share count to be roughly 760-765 million shares. Netting this out, we expect diluted earnings per share of $1-$1.15 and Non-GAAP diluted earnings per share in the range of $1.55-$1.70, up 10% at the midpoint. As you know, we are coming off a record fiscal year 2022 and a good start to fiscal year 2023. Last quarter, we talked about our long-term value creation framework of 3%-4% of revenue growth and EPS growth of 6% or better as a starting point for the year.
As we look at the balance of fiscal year 2023, we're watching a few macroeconomic dynamics, including the geopolitical environment, inflation, interest rates, slowing economic growth, currency, and continued COVID impacts disrupting supply chains and business activity. While we believe these macro dynamics will have some impact on overall IT investment spending, with what we know today, our updated framework has revenue growth of approximately 6%, with both CSG and ISG growing for the year and earnings per share growth faster than revenue in the range of 12% or better. In closing, we delivered a strong quarter with record Q1 revenue, operating income, and diluted earnings per share.
We remain focused on executing our strategy to consolidate and modernize our core and build new growth engines that enable our customers' multi-cloud future while delivering revenue and EPS growth with strong free cash flow to our shareholders over time. Now I'll turn it back to Rob to begin Q&A.
Thanks, Tom. Let's get to Q&A. We ask that each participant ask one question to allow us to get to as many of you as possible. Jamiria, can you please introduce the first question?
We will take our first question from Krish Sankar with Cowen and Company.
Yeah. Hi, thanks for taking my question. I just had a clarification on the question. Just wanna make sure you said at FY 2023 revenue growth of 6% and EPS 12%+. Then, the question is either for Jeff or Chuck. You know, the CSG slowing makes sense due to the consumer, and you said you're monitoring macro data points, but you're confident on the strength in ISG, especially at a time when tech companies are slowing hiring. I'm kinda curious, when you talk to your customers, your CEOs and CIOs, what gives them confidence in continuing this IT spending into the back half, or is this more, a soft spending target that could change as the macro tides shift? Thank you.
Hey, Krish, it's Tom. Let me, I will confirm that I did say for fiscal year 2023 revenue growth approximately 6%, and then the EPS growth at 12% or better. Yes, you heard that properly. Jeff, Chuck, Jeff, you wanna jump in on the ISG question?
Sure. The macro question was kinda the CSG making sense, slowing down and then the implications to ISG. Maybe break those down as we think about those particular businesses. In CSG, we'll, I think we've called out before that we thought heading into this year that we would see the growth rate in CSG temper. What we thought is indeed happening. It's happening in the areas that we happen to be less, we participate less in, most notably Chrome, which is down significantly, and the low-end and mid-range price bands in consumer, which are down. What we see today, we see good growth in commercial or enterprise PCs, whatever you prefer to call them. We continue to see that as we look forward, but it is a much lower growth rate than last year. There's no question.
I don't know what else to add to that. There's categories we would tell you why that would be the case. Well, we certainly have people going back to the office. We have this notion of a hybrid worker requiring a more capable and powerful machine. We have still a number of folks that are working in this hybrid market that need more mobility, i.e., more notebooks. We would tell you that not all PCs are created equal, meaning that the commercial enterprise generally have higher ASPs, richer content and configuration, greater opportunity to attach things. That's what drives our business. Then if we flip it over to the ISG side, look, I'd be remiss if I didn't call out we just posted 22% growth in servers and 9% growth in storage.
That's the sixth consecutive quarter of server growth and the fourth consecutive quarter of orders growth for storage. We've been indicating we thought it would flip, and we saw that flip on our P&L for P&L growth of 9% in storage after four quarters of orders growth. What's fueling that? Continued digital transformation, the fact that in this data economy and data world, you need more compute assets and storage assets to be able to accelerate that digital transformation. We continue to see that. Certainly the demand environment we see today indicates that continues. I hope that helped, Krish.
Yeah, thanks. Thanks, Krish. Next question.
We'll take our next question from Aaron Rakers with Wells Fargo.
Yeah. Thank you very much, and congratulations on the really solid results and guide. I guess what really stands out to me is the growth that you're seeing in servers, and especially given some of the recent concerns that we've heard from, I think one of your peers actually this morning talking about supply chain constraints. You know, I guess maybe you can help us appreciate what you're seeing particularly around the server piece of the business and how the company's managed kind of the pass through, how much of the growth is driven by pricing versus maybe unit growth. Thank you.
Sure. Maybe Chuck and I will hem and haw this together. If you take a look at that 22% server growth that I just alluded to and mentioned, sixth consecutive quarter. You know, if you look at where some of that growth is coming from, it's coming from content expansion. It's coming from ASP expansion. It's coming from mix of the portfolio, which are all good signs. One, that we're penetrating deeper into the enterprise. We're taking on more high-value workloads. Our GPGPU or AI accelerator growth rate was very strong in the quarter, and that's continued to bolster the performance of our server business. I think that leads to some of that. Chuck, anything to add?
No. I mean, I think building off of the prior question, we just see continued strength in the infrastructure markets right now. You know, we said it in our prepared remarks, and you mentioned it in your first answer, Jeff. There's a rotation right now of budgets from client to infrastructure, and that's across the board in our portfolio, whether it's our fifth consecutive overall growth in ISG, our sixth consecutive quarter of server P&L growth per this question, 9% storage revenue growth after four consecutive quarters of demand growth. You know, despite the macro uncertainty that is out there right now, what we don't see is an immediate move to go after a reduction in IT budgets. I mean, right now it is a very healthy infrastructure environment.
I think maybe to put a bow on it, I think our supply chain team has done a very good job of positioning our company with the available parts that are out there, which there is a shortage of parts for servers, and we've been able to work our way through that and be able to deliver for our customers. Ultimately, that's. The name of the game, and I think our supply chain continues to distinguish itself in being able to fulfill and meet the commitments we give to our customers.
All right. Hey, thanks, Aaron.
Thank you.
We will take our next question from Samik Chatterjee with JP Morgan.
Thanks for taking my question, and congrats on the strong results here. I guess I just wanted to ask on the margin. You had very strong margins in both segments. How should we think about sustainability of these margins? I know you pointed out the component cost going up, but I can also think about sort of pricing that probably finds its way in a bigger magnitude through the P&L through the year. Maybe just help us through sort of thinking about sustainability of these margins on a segment basis and what are the sort of different drivers to keep in mind here.
Hey, Samik. It's Tom. Let me sort of walk you through how we think about margin frameworks as we move forward. We talked about, obviously, we're very pleased with the margin performance in Q1, which when we talked, if you recall back in the Q4 conversation we had at the end of February, we talked about the fact that we thought we would see margins move upward coming out of Q4. We did see that driven by, I think the strong performance in the client business, particularly the commercial business, also the strong storage, you know, growth that we saw at 9% revenue growth.
The pricing actions that we had been talking about and commenting on the fact that those needed to work their way through the backlog started to manifest themselves in Q1. Really pleased with the margin performance in Q1. I think the dynamic as we look at Q2 is this, that, you know, we do expect that we are gonna get a heavier mix of CSG in the second quarter. We are gonna continue to work our way through inflation, right? We do expect higher overall input cost in Q2, which we'll have to price for, and you know that with an elevated backlog that will take some time to work its way through.
We also think about the FX environment that we're gonna be in, where currency is gonna be a headwind of somewhere between roughly 400 basis points for the quarter. You know, that's gonna be something we're gonna have to price for. But again, you don't get all of that pricing dynamic in the current quarter. The macro has some headwinds that we're gonna have to continue to execute our way through. I think at an individual business unit level, as we think about client, you know, that we should see a bit more commercial client in the quarter coming up from the elevated backlog. You know, that's gonna have some headwinds on cost as we talked about in pricing.
The server storage mix, I think, is gonna continue to be an interesting area. We do expect elevated backlogs in Q2, so particularly in the ISG space. As Jeff mentioned, the server supply chain continues to be challenging, I'll say it like that, with shortages in NICs and power supplies and other components, and so that will be something we'll have to work our way through. We're cautiously optimistic about storage, but we had a very strong storage quarter, and we just got to go out and continue to execute it. You know, overall, that, you know, that's the dynamic that we're looking at as we think about Q2.
You fast-forward through the rest of the year, and I would tell you that, you know, we would expect a, you know, if margins are dipping a bit in Q2, we expect them to be relatively flat in Q3 and come back a bit in Q4 as we think about how the mix of the business shifts towards an ISG mix at the end of the year, given some of the seasonality of the business. That's a broad stroke at what margins look like from our perspective. Again, I would just tell you that, look, we're gonna have to work our way through inflation for the year. We'll price it as appropriate. We'll have to watch, you know, the market positioning on pricing, and currency is gonna be a headwind roughly somewhere between 300-400 basis points for the year.
Those are all some of the dynamics that we're working our way through.
Great. Very helpful. Thank you.
We'll take our next question from Sidney Ho with Deutsche Bank.
Thanks for taking my question, and congrats on a great quarter. I have a bigger picture question on customer behavior. While there has been a lot of crosscurrents in terms of supply-constrained environment, but also in terms of macro uncertainties, have you seen any change in customer order behavior in terms of volume and commitment because of supply constraints, but at the same time, maybe shifting away from on-prem to the cloud? How do you manage those trends from a supply chain and R&D or maybe just generally speaking OpEx perspective for the year? Thanks.
Well, maybe I'll start and just say, look, at the environment that we've been in in the last six months, we have not seen a fundamental change in customer behavior in terms of order patterns. You know, despite long lead times, you know, we haven't seen material differences in our cancellation rates, whether that's across our CSG business or our ISG business. The long-term trend of, you know, where am I choosing to put a workload, you know, per our conversations that we had at Dell Technologies World most recently, is almost entirely with customers around the multi-cloud opportunity. While there are certainly workloads that continue to go to the public cloud, increasingly the conversation that we have with customers is about operating in a multi-cloud environment.
They see the right workload in the right place, you know, at the right cost as the objective of their environment. You know, broadly, that's the trends that we're seeing in infrastructure. In terms of how we manage it from a supply chain standpoint, obviously, I'll defer to Jeff on that portion.
Yeah. Look, maybe a slightly different perspective. I think the order pattern has changed slightly, but not in the way that you described. People are coming to Dell because there's confidence in our supply chain to deliver. If you think about our performance now 6 quarters in a row of server growth and the shortage of parts and servers as customers are working to build out on-prem, to build out their digital transformation, as Chuck said, build out their multi-cloud infrastructure, and certainly our architecture and strategic drive to be at the center of that, customers continue to come to Dell because our commitment to meet a delivery date is pretty darn high.
As Chuck mentioned, our cancellation rates have not moved over a long period of time, which while we may not give the exact date they want because we have products on extended lead time, the date we give customers is the date the product shows up. They can count on it, they can count on their integration and deployment of technology and their build-out of their project. Probably not the answer you're looking for on order pattern, but I think it's a reinforcer of what's been happening in our business. Then we take that demand signal, which is the beauty of our direct model, and we act upon that in our supply chain.
I think I've made mention before this notion that we have digitized our supply chain, where we have put together advanced planning and modeling techniques, data transparency, and the ability to do predictive analytics and anticipate the needs of what we have. I think we respond faster and ask quicker than perhaps others, and that puts us in a better position to ensure we have the supply, what's available for our customers. That's the linkage between and how our model works that's very different than perhaps others, is the connection between the demand signal, the supply signal, and quite frankly, what we design. That tightly coupled ecosystem is a differentiator for the Dell business model.
Clearly, in these times when there's stress in the supply picture, we're able to use our early indication of what demand is, be able to schedule that, plan that in the supply chain. Then ultimately, if we have to pivot to re-qualify or add a different part in our designs, we're able to quickly do that.
Okay. Thank you.
Of course.
We'll take our next question from David Vogt with UBS.
Thanks, guys, for taking the question. I have a clarification question and a bigger picture question. Clearly, you know, 90 days ago, you guys were really optimistic about the outlook. A lot has changed since then, and it appears that you guys have handled sort of the disruptions in April better than most companies that we've talked to over the last couple of weeks. Can you kind of share with us, you know, kind of what you saw in April, kind of what set you apart, where the component issues were, and how you guys navigated that better than most? On a clarification issue, I think last quarter you talked about a potential make-whole payment in the fiscal fourth quarter of $150 million-$200 million. Do you still expect that in the fourth quarter?
Is that sort of factored into the guidance that Tom gave for the full year? Thanks.
Sure. Maybe I step into the supply chain component of that. Look, it's very important for us. I think we've consistently communicated this. We are encountering what everybody else is encountering in this industry. There is a wide-scale semiconductor shortage across a vast number of components. I think I rattled off all sorts of components in previous earnings calls. They're the same. The most stressed networks tend to be the trailing nodes, 40 nanometer, 55, 60 nanometer, the eight-inch network. What's increasingly interesting is now the new factories are being delayed in their deployment because they can't get the equipment needed.
This cascades itself into categories of servers or automotive that's growing very fast, that's taking the very same components that we all need, which tend to be around the microcontrollers, the power subsystems which are needed to build certainly the devices we have. We are encountering that. I think we've talked about our long-term relationships. I just mentioned in the previous answer our ability to plan and anticipate and do predictive modeling. We act with speed. I think one of the things that separates our ability in the supply chain is to see this earlier and decide quicker and, adapt, improvise, and overcome with what is thrown at us. In terms of what happened in April, we all read about lockdowns. By the way, they started in March, mid-March with Shenzhen.
They made their way into Shanghai with various stages of lockdown. We had our own challenges here in the state of Texas with some border crossing issues. We continue to adapt and improvise along the journey. It's what we do. Fortunately or unfortunately, depending on your perspective, we've had 3+ years of practice at this or getting good at our game, and our team is nimble, it's flexible. We're able to move material. We're able to use our vast network of 25 factories, 50 different fulfillment centers around the globe that allow us essentially to move any order to any factory to be able to build it. Now, we can't do that instantaneously overnight. You got to get material, you got to move orders.
Our ability to use our global network and to see it, I think, quicker than others, is why I think we're able to continually deliver. Again, I'd be remiss to say I didn't do my job. We built backlog. We did not build more than we sold.
I think you did your job really well, Jeff. I'd just also underscore per your last answer. You know, it's also our business model integrated to that incredible supply chain performance. Our sales engine that's able to not just take a demand signal and feed it back to the supply chain, but also
Shaping to availability, which we've been doing for the last couple of years, and we certainly did, you know, since March. It's our product teams that are designing modularity and being able to respond to the parts that are available. You know, we like to say it's not one thing, it's our integrated business model.
Hey, let me take, David, let me just comment on the make-whole payment question that you put there at the end of that question. I think you're referring to, we talked about last quarter the fact that as we thought about our capital allocation framework for the year and the fact that we might do some incremental debt pay down during the course of the year, that if we were to do so, some of that debt would have a make-whole payment on it in sort of a. As we think about it now, you know, we've sort of have FCF for the year modeled at right around $1.5 billion.
You think about Q1 at 348 × 4, plus we've stuck in a $100 million make-whole thought, if you will, into the FCF for the year. We'll have to work, as we go through the year, we'll we will keep looking at does that make sense to do and is that the right use of capital at the time. That's the context around that.
Got it. That's helpful. Thanks, Tom.
We'll take our next question from Simon Leopold with Raymond James.
Thanks for taking the question. This morning on the call, Broadcom hosted, they talked about a strategy to take more of the VMware sales direct, a focus on the top 1,500 customers. Now, you've got a meaningful chunk of VMware revenue that flows through your business. I just wanna get a better understanding of how you see the potential for VMware being part of Broadcom affecting your top line. I assume it doesn't do much to the bottom line, but just wanna understand what you're expecting. Thank you.
Hey, Simon. Let me start with just saying, look, obviously we're not part of the transaction between VMware and Broadcom, if that is to come to fruition. You know, we have a 20-year relationship with VMware. As you know, with all of the work that's been done with them and the close collaboration over the last 5 years or so, and the whole posture around, you know, VMware as first and best as we lead, you know, our expectation is that relationship continues.
We have a commercial framework agreement that we negotiated with VMware as we did the spin you know last year, and we expect that continues and the mutual benefit that we both receive from the commercial framework, they with their go-to-market reach we have and some of our technology and our benefit with some of their solution technology should continue. That's our expectation as we look at it today.
Thank you.
We'll take our next question from Rod Hall with Goldman Sachs.
Yeah. Thanks, guys. I just wanted to clarify that last response, Tom. The commercial framework, the legal framework, does it have any kind of an M&A clause in it that would cause it to need to be renegotiated, you know, assuming the deal closes? And then I, you know, I had a question on PCs as well.
I guess I would just tell you that I'm not gonna get into all the commercial framework terms, but there is a change in control provision that allows that the commercial frameworks continues on with the change in control.
Okay, thanks for that. Then on PCs, I just wanted to ask, it sounded like I'm not sure how to interpret your PC commentary, in terms of, you know, comparison to last quarter. I mean, it sounded a little bit more cautious to me, but commercial's still pretty good. Could you guys just maybe update us on what you're thinking on PC units? I know AMD's come out and talked about, you know, high single-digit unit declines now. Are you on board with that idea? Do you think units in the industry are flat? Just curious what you're kind of thinking about industry units here. Thanks.
Sure. I mean, I'll take this and Chuck certainly can build upon this. Look, I think we've continued to talk about a marketplace that was going to slow down. It is slowing down. We saw that in the IDC Q1 results, which, mind you, I think we outperformed the market significantly in that calendar Q1 period. Our own internal modeling, IDC just came out with a new set of projections last night. Our modeling is a little more positive than that or a little bigger than that, if you want to say. I'll be very specific with you. We have the market somewhere around 330 million units. We have Chrome falling fast. We have consumer in the high single digits, and, in a unit basis, the commercial, you know, hanging in there.
That's how we get to 330 units. When you look at the composition of our business, the places where the market is strongest is the places we have the greatest exposure. I think our mix of commercial was 77% in Q1, which is up three points year-over-year, so more exposed to the place that's doing better. Clearly where we've built our product portfolio, where our relationships and customer base is, and that's how we tend to look at the market.
Yeah, Jeff, I think net, the forecast, the IDC forecast, our forecast, they do reflect the structural reset of the PC market to a higher level that we've talked about. As you said, given our focus on the commercial segment, which we think
Fares better than Chrome and consumer the rest of the year. You know, we feel well positioned, no matter the sort of unit market environment. Obviously, part of our view that we would see moderating growth this year coming off a 27% growth in CSG last year is we're lapping some, you know, some pretty strong compares in second half performance. But again, to just underscore our commentary, we expect CSG to grow for the year. We expect CSG to grow at a multiple to our long-term growth framework, and we expect to keep gaining share.
That's great. Thanks a lot for all that color. Appreciate that.
We'll take our next question from Wamsi Mohan with Bank of America.
Hi. Thanks for taking my question. It's Ruplu filling in for Wamsi today. Is there a way to quantify how much the supply chain issues, including the component shortages and logistics costs, how much that negatively impacted your revenues and margins in fiscal 1Q? Is there an estimate for the impact on the top line for the full year? Tom, you're guiding fiscal 2023 revenues now to grow higher at 6% year-on-year. Does that come with higher working capital requirements? Do you think free cash flow in fiscal 2023 now can be higher than what you thought 90 days ago? Thank you.
Hey, Ruplu, since we're probably not gonna answer your first question, maybe we'll focus on your second question.
Yeah, I was gonna answer the first question of, look, we have a backlog, it's elevated. We're gonna continue to work through it as we always do. We won't disclose or parse it down into the impact of this quarter or any future period in time. They are elevated. You can see that in our RPO level when you look at that versus previous periods, and it's our job on the supply chain to get supply matched up with demand and actually catch up a little bit. That's what we're gonna try to do.
I was gonna answer it, but I mean, on your working capital question, look, we are. You know, we did adjust our framework upward, and we had told you we would continue to look at that as we go through the year. We're right now. We see the total year at 6% with both CSG and ISG growing sort of mid-single digits for the year. I think if you do the math on that, you would obviously see that we do expect the back half to be slower than the first half as we think there continues to be, you know. We're lapping from a CSG perspective, some pretty tough comps in Q3 and Q4 of last year.
That will, I think, be a bit of a, as you think about the performance of the business, that'll be something to consider. I do think from a CSG perspective that we expect sort of ASPs to be flat to slightly declining as we go through the year, but we don't see significant movement there given some of the inflationary pressures. We'll have to monitor that relative to the pricing environment and what's going on in the market. I think, you know, we're optimistic about the ISG space. You know, infrastructure spending is holding up with what we can see today. Implicit in my guidance, you would think about the fact that I am slowing ISG in the back half of the year some.
Still growing, but at sort of low- to mid-single digits, Q3 to Q4. I think that's just being prudent given the uncertainty that's out there in the market right now, and we'll continue to update you as we go through the year. As it relates to working capital, look, if you haven't looked at our balance sheet lately, we have a lot of inventory right now. So it's up $2.4 billion year-over-year. In fact, Jeff and I were just talking about that.
You remind me.
I reminded you that it needs to come down, right? If I don't see a specific need for incremental working capital. Actually, what I'm challenging the organization to is begin to bring that inventory down as. That's gonna be obviously very much dependent upon how the supply chain sort of behaves in the second half. I think there's opportunity to actually squeeze that down some. I think overall I'm not concerned about working capital in the second half. Tyler, I know I probably just stepped all over you, but.
No, no, I think that's exactly right. That's how we're thinking about it, Tom.
Yeah.
All right. Thanks for all the detail, Tom.
Yeah.
We'll take our next question from Amit Daryanani with Evercore.
Thanks for taking my question. I guess I have two as well. You know, I guess the first one is, if I look at your full year guide, right, you're gonna do, you know, fairly robust growth in the first half, but you're sort of implying the back half growth will be, I think, flattish for the most part. So maybe just touch on, you know, why do you think the back half would be flattish? That would be fairly unique if it happens. And do you expect to exit the year with a higher backlog than you're sitting on right now? Or are you anticipating working down the backlog? So love to understand kinda the back half assumptions there.
Jeff, I would love to hear on the storage side, this was a very sizable inflection that you folks had in April. You know, I guess one data point wouldn't make a trend, but what's the durability of the growth that you just saw on the storage side, and how much of that do you think was share gain versus end markets doing well?
Well, hey, let me start, Amit, on the full year guide. You know, I think if you just break down the piece parts of this, clearly CSG with 17% in Q1, we do expect it to grow again in Q2. I think we just talked about the fact that, you know, the environment is slowing and the fact that we have some tougher compares in the back half of the year when you think about year-over-year comparison and year-over-year growth. Look, I think it's just prudent to be a little bit cautious in as we think about the back half of the year. Clearly, if there are opportunities to grow faster, we will do so thoughtfully. On the ISG side, with what we see. You know, we're sort of looking at sort of mid-single digits.
If you think about IT, the forecast for IT spending in the infrastructure space in the back half in the year, it's sort of mid-single digits to upper single digits. That's how we think about it as well. I think the question that we're working our way through is how does that manifest itself? I just would like to have the year progress a little bit farther before we think whether there's any incremental strength there. Right now, I've got the year at 6%. It implies that ISG is a little softer in the second half. We're watching, and we'll update you again at our Q2 call. You know, there's just too many uncertainties out there right now to be so exact at this point in the year.
Yeah. To build on that with storage. Look, we've talked about four quarters in a row now of storage orders growth. Now 9% P&L growth in Q1. Our orders growth in Q1 was in excess of the P&L growth. Let's call it double. All geographies grew storage. We grew storage in our high-end price bands, our mid-range price bands, our low-end price bands. We grew in HCI, we grew in data protection, most notably in data protection in the area of cybersecurity, where we have a very advantaged position with our cyber-based products. Customers continue to look for us to help them in this world that we live in today with cyber and cyber resiliency. PowerStore grew. PowerStore continues to be our fastest-growing new architecture we've put in the marketplace.
Just put 500 new features into the marketplace across our portfolio. We have a mainframe refresh that will come throughout the year, and our PowerMax is unmatched in its capability. You know, one of my favorite features there is the first time we have mainframe compression in the industry on our product, waiting for the mainframe update. I like a lot of what's going on. It's four quarters of demand. Chuck and I's team, we modeled this. Tom just mentioned it, mid- to high single-digit market growth. Obviously, we want to take share. We're taking share with the performance that we just delivered, mid-range in particular, which is where the largest swath of the market is. Our unstructured product continues to do well.
It's hard for me to tell you if that's gonna continue. I like all of the signs, four quarters of growth. I think of the strategy that we have, which is continue to drive the consolidation in the high-end, innovate and disrupt in the mid-range, which we're doing, and take our leadership position in software-defined storage and continue to drive our leadership position even further there. Whether that's our VxRail asset or our own PowerFlex asset, both grew nicely in orders in Q1. I hope that answered the question. That's hard for me to have a crystal ball what that means in Q4, but certainly what we've performed to date, and as we look at the market as a whole, we're positioned nicely.
No-
All right.
That was super helpful. Congrats on the quarter. Thank you.
Thank you.
We'll take our next question from Steven Fox with Fox Advisors.
Thanks. Good afternoon. Just one question from me. To the extent you can sort of talk about your own pricing into your customers, where do you think you're able to continue to get price and pass on inflation, and where maybe does it get more difficult, especially if some verticals are facing their own end market challenges going forward? Any help on pricing recently and what you're thinking about in the future would be helpful. Thanks.
Sure. Maybe I'll take a stab, and Chuck and Tom can come over the top. We'll start with PCs. If you look at the pricing environment in PCs, it's back to what I mentioned earlier. This is kind of two tails. In Chrome, pricing is largely back to pre-COVID normal levels. It's aggressive. There's lots of inventory out there. It's an aggressive pricing market. In those price bands in consumer, the low end or the low price points and mid-range price points, there's a fair amount of inventory out there. You saw promos being run through the holidays. They continued into Q1. The pricing towards the best deals towards the second half of the year are already underway in those price bands, and they're quite aggressive.
In the higher end part of consumer, whether that be our XPS area or our Alienware, things are a little more stable. Commercial, it's a more favorable pricing environment. There's still lots of mismatched sets out there, meaning that there aren't enough components. Everybody doesn't have the right set of components to build a finished system, so pricing is more stable, more favorable, and we're taking the inflation that we see, and we're certainly trying to pass it through. I think Chuck talked a little bit about this earlier, but if you look at broadly across our PC space, ASPs are boosted by the fact that we have a configuration dynamic. Those buying PCs need a more capable PC to work in today's hybrid modern world. We have content going up, and we're attaching more things with them.
If I look at storage is a favorable pricing place where we can take the rising input cost, and we are passing that through. That's not unique just to the industry. It's the same is true on servers, which makes a lot of sense given there are not enough parts to match the server demand today, hence our growing backlog. That's a favorable environment where we can pass along
The cost increase. Our ASP performance, I think we mentioned earlier, boosted up by the fact that we have pricing and inflation, and then we have this content dynamic. We're selling servers deeper into the enterprise, higher value workloads, more GPUs, more DRAM, more NAND per server. That adds up to a higher ASP. Our teams are making adjustments as we speak, Tom referenced this earlier, on exchange rates. They're changing. We have to price. Pricing is underway to do that. We'll try to capture as much as we can along the journey. He called that out as a perhaps challenge in the quarter. We have a variety of metrics that look at our relative position to our competitors, and we largely stay with everything that I just said, we are in price position in the marketplace.
Great. That's super helpful. Thank you.
We'll take our next question from Toni Sacconaghi with Bernstein.
Yes, thank you. I just have a couple follow-up clarifications. You explicitly noted that order growth was stronger than revenue growth in storage. Was that also the case this quarter in servers and in PCs? Secondly, you noted that you were opportunistic in your share repurchases this quarter and bought back $1.5 billion. Your share price, even with the strength in the aftermarket, is well below the average price that it was during Q1. Why shouldn't we expect you to be just as opportunistic in terms of buybacks in Q2? Finally, just on free cash flow, do you expect free cash flow to be higher than net income consistent with your long-term model for fiscal 2023? Thanks.
Yeah. We'll take the first two, to Tony, and you know we don't forecast cash flow, so we'll lay off the last one. We'll take the first two relatively quickly, though, please.
Sure. We mentioned that storage orders were ahead. They were. Server orders and server P&L performance was largely the same. CSG P&L revenue performance was ahead of orders performance.
What was the second part of that? I was writing.
Buyback, opportunistic, $1.5 billion.
Look, Tony, I mean, if you think about what we did in Q4, Q1, it was all around. We had a significant amount of dilution coming through the VMware spin transaction, and since we weren't in the market for last year, given the VMware spin, we thought it was appropriate. You know, part of our goal with the share buyback is to control dilution. So that focus plus the fact that share price did obviously fall through the quarter was the impetus to continue to be into the market with that. I think what we're trying to balance as we go through the remainder of the year is, you know, the cash balance has obviously come down as, you know, we spent a fair amount of cash in Q1 on share buyback.
My point of view on this right now is that, you know, we're gonna continue to be programmatic, you know, and I will be opportunistic where it makes sense, but I don't think that the pace that you saw in Q1 should be how you model the whole year. That's how we're thinking about it right now.
Yeah. Thanks, Tony.
We'll now take our final question from Jim Suva with Citigroup.
Thank you, especially for great results and letting me bring it home here to the end. A clarification question for Tom and more of a strategy question probably. I guess it would probably be for Jeff or Chuck. Tom, clarification. You talked about pricing in a deflationary environment turning to inflationary through your components. I guess everywhere around the world for the past three months, I haven't seen pricing going up, and you talked about favorable deflationary. Was that like some longer term contracts you had or agreements that are now kind of being right-sized to market, or was it like displays or memories? I'm kind of scratching my head here about what really helped you. More of the strategy question either for Jeff or Chuck.
It seems like on storage, which you touched on earlier, you know, you had a couple past quarters of kind of flattish growth, and now storage was up 9%, and you talked about we're in a bit of a high-performance compute/mainframe pause before it starts. Am I right we're at a new chapter of after several quarters of flattish storage growth of actually kicking it into high gear for storage?
Well, Jim, it's Tom. Let me take the first part of your question. Let me tell you what I believe I said, which was we expect input costs to be inflationary in Q2, right? And that's the entire basket of component plus logistics costs. We do expect that to be an inflationary pressure in Q2, and somewhat into the back half of the year, depending upon some of the demand signals.
To wrap up on storage, look, as we said in the last few quarters, we've seen healthy storage demand growth. Translating that to the P&L takes time because we have a significant amount of our storage content that is deferred software and services. As we said, the key performance indicator we've been watching is the consecutive quarters of demand growth. After posting 4, we are now seeing that start to translate into the P&L at 9% storage revenue growth. On the mainframe refresh question or the high-end, look, we did see demand growth in the high end in Q1. If you'll recall, we saw high-end growth in Q4 as well. We would not attribute that right now to the mainframe refresh.
We're number one in high end and have a number of customers that refresh from time to time, and that's really what we've seen over the last couple of quarters. That said, as Jeff called out, we are incredibly well-positioned for the mainframe refresh that is sort of starting right now, and we tend to see the benefit a quarter or two later, you know, in our business. As Jeff called out, the new PowerMax that adds the industry's first data compression for mainframes positions us really well for that demand cycle. That's where we are in storage. Obviously, incredibly pleased with both our P&L performance, but more importantly, as Jeff called out, the strong demand we saw in all parts of the portfolio.
All right. Well, as a quick reminder, we'll be at the Bernstein Strategic Decisions Conference in New York, the Bank of America Global Technology Conference in San Francisco, and the JP Morgan Global Leaders Forum in Toronto in June. We'll have other events during the quarter. Check the website. Thanks for joining us today.
This concludes today's conference call. We appreciate your participation. You may now disconnect.