Welcome to the Q3 2022 Franklin Covey Earnings Conference Call. My name is Daryl, and I'll be your operator for today's call. At this time, all participants are in listen-only mode. Later, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. During the question-and-answer session, if you have a question, please press zero one on your touchtone phone. Please note this conference is being recorded. I will now turn the call over to Derek Hatch. Derek, you may begin.
Thanks, Daryl. Good afternoon, everyone. On behalf of Franklin Covey, it's my pleasure to welcome you to our earnings call for the third quarter of fiscal 2022. Before we get to the good stuff, I wanna remind everybody that this presentation contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.
Forward-looking statements are based upon management's current expectations and are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including but not limited to the ability of the company to stabilize and grow revenues, the acceptance of and renewal rates of our subscription offerings, including the All Access Pass and Leader in Me memberships, the duration and recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, the ability of the company to hire productive sales professionals, general economic conditions, competition in the company's targeted marketplace, market acceptance of new offerings or services and marketing strategies, changes in the company's market share, changes in the size of the overall market for the company's products, changes in the training and spending policies of the company's clients and other factors identified and discussed in the company's most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and other periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Many of these conditions are beyond our control or influence, any one of which may cause future results to differ materially from the company's current expectations. There can be no assurance that the company's actual future performance will meet management's expectations. These forward-looking statements are based upon management's current expectations, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of today's presentation, except as required by law. With that out of the way, we'd like to turn the time over to Mr. Paul Walker, our Chief Executive Officer. Paul?
Thank you, Derek. Hi, everyone. We're grateful that you're with us today, and we hope your summers are off to a very good start. I'm joined today by Steve, Jen, Sean, and the rest of our executive team. We're also happy to have Bob on the line with us today as well. We are happy to be able to talk to you today and report our strong Q3 results and are really pleased that again the results were strong for not only the quarter but year to date and for the latest twelve months, even stronger than expected. I'd like to start with a few revenue headlines, as you can see in slide four. Revenue growth for the quarter was strong, increasing 13%.
Importantly, this 13% growth was after factoring in the impact of COVID-related lockdowns in China and other COVID-related impacts in Japan. Excluding China and Japan, revenue grew 19% in the third quarter, and our year to date and latest twelve months revenue growth has also been very strong, where, again, even after factoring in the recent impacts in China and Japan, revenue has grown 19% year to date and 24% for the latest twelve months. Our subscription and subscription services revenue growth was even stronger for the quarter year to date and also for the latest twelve months.
Total subscription and subscription services revenue grew 31% in the third quarter and has grown 31% year to date and 36% for the latest twelve months, with All Access Pass subscription and subscription services revenue growing 32% in the third quarter, 29% year to date and 32% for the latest twelve months to $136.2 million. Leader in Me subscription and subscription services revenue growing 28% in the third quarter, 38% year to date and 49% for the latest twelve months to $54 million. The durability and visibility into our future revenue growth also continues to expand. Our balance of deferred revenue, both billed and unbilled, increased 21% over last year's third quarter to $116.5 million.
As shown in slide five, in our North America Enterprise operations, the percent of our All Access Pass contracts which are multi-year was 42%, and the percent of our total All Access Pass subscription revenue represented by these multi-year contracts increased to 58%. As also shown, the average lifetime value of our All Access Pass customers continued to increase in the third quarter, year to date and for the latest 12 months. Our average revenue per client increased to $47,000. Revenue retention continued to be well above 90%. Our services attach rate increased to 66% for the latest 12 months. I'd like to point out a few profitability metrics, and these are reflected in slide six.
Our growth margin percentage for the quarter remained very strong at 77.3% and has increased 55 basis points to 77.6% year to date and 40 basis points to 77.5% for the latest 12 months. Operating SG&A as a percent of sales for the quarter improved 275 basis points from 63.6% to 60.8%. It's also improved 392 basis points year to date, moving from 65.9% to 61.9% and 229 basis points for the latest 12 months from 64.2% to 61.9%. The flow through of incremental revenue to increases in adjusted EBITDA for the quarter was 31% and has been 40% year to date and 27% for the latest 12 months.
As a result of strong revenue growth and high flow through, adjusted EBITDA increased 27% or $2.3 million in the quarter to $10.9 million, 66% or $11.4 million year to date to $28.9 million, and 50% or $13.1 million for the latest twelve months to $39.4 million. Net cash provided by operating activities was $39.5 million, an increase of $8.7 million or 28% compared to the same nine-month period last year. During the third quarter, we returned a significant amount of capital to shareholders, investing $20.3 million to repurchase approximately 500,000 shares.
Even after investing $20.3 million in share repurchases, we ended the quarter with $67.1 million of liquidity, comprised of $52.1 million in cash and with our full $15 million revolving credit line undrawn. As we'll discuss in a few minutes, as a result of these continued strong results and the strength of the key factors driving and underlying this growth, we're confident in increasing our guidance and outlook.
As shown in slide seven, first, while of course some quarters revenue growth will be higher than others, we're increasing our revenue outlook for fiscal 2023 and beyond from the expectation of growing our rolling twelve months revenue from low double digits to expecting that rolling twelve months revenue growth now that it will be at least in the low teens, call it 12% or 13%-ish, and moving toward the mid and then high teens in the quarters and years to come. We expect this accelerating revenue to be driven by and reflect the ongoing growth in our high margin, high recurring subscription and subscription services revenue. Second, we're increasing our adjusted EBITDA guidance again for fiscal 2022.
As you know, our initial guidance was that for fiscal 2022, adjusted EBITDA would increase to a midpoint of $35 million, an increase to $7 million or 25% compared to adjusted EBITDA of $28 million in fiscal 2021. Our most recent guidance was for fiscal 2022's adjusted EBITDA to increase to a midpoint of $38.5 million, representing year-over-year growth of 38%. We now expect adjusted EBITDA for fiscal 2022 to increase to between $40 million and $41.5 million. The middle of this range reflects more than 45% growth in adjusted EBITDA compared with the $28 million achieved in fiscal 2021. We'll discuss this guidance in a bit more detail in a few minutes. Third, we're increasing our outlook for adjusted EBITDA growth for fiscal 2023, fiscal 2024, and fiscal 2025.
We now expect that adjusted EBITDA will grow from between $40-$41.5 million in fiscal 2022 and between $47-$48.5 million in fiscal 2023. This compares to our previous adjusted EBITDA outlook of approximately $45 million for fiscal 2023. We expect that adjusted EBITDA will increase to approximately $57 million in fiscal 2024 versus what we'd said previously, $55 million, and then to increase to approximately $67 million in fiscal 2024, a level at which we would expect adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of sales to be approaching 20%.
With this impressive and strong expected growth in revenue and adjusted EBITDA, we also should generate significant amounts of cash flow, which, as we'll discuss in more detail in a few minutes, we plan to reinvest in the business at high rates of return and also return substantial amounts to shareholders through ongoing share repurchases. I'd now like to turn some time to Steve to dig a little deeper into our results.
Thank you very much, Paul. Good afternoon, everyone. It's nice to be with you today to talk about what we believe are good results. As Paul expressed, we're really pleased with the ongoing combined strength and growth of our revenue, our adjusted EBITDA, and our cash flow. As Paul mentioned, as strong as our overall results were, our results were even stronger excluding Enterprise's international operations, where, as noted, COVID-related impacts in China and Japan impacted our results. Specifically excluding Enterprise's international operations, revenue growth, which was already a strong 13%, was 19%. To provide you with a deeper understanding of the factors driving this performance, I'd like to quickly report on three key areas of the company: our enterprise business in North America, our education business, which is almost all in North America, and our enterprise business internationally.
As shown in slide eight, results in our enterprise business in North America, which accounts for approximately 53% of total revenue, were strong. Revenue grew 20% in the third quarter and has grown 19% year to date and 22% for the latest twelve months. Subscription and subscription services revenue grew an even higher 27% in the third quarter, 25% year to date, and 27% in the latest twelve months. Our balance of deferred revenue, billed and unbilled, grew 16% for the quarter over the prior year, and the percentage of all excess past contract revenue represented by multiyear contracts increased to 58% during the quarter, up from 52% in the third quarter of last year.
Shown in slide nine, the results in our education business, which account for approximately 22% total revenue, were also very strong. Education revenue grew 21% for the third quarter and has grown 33% year-to-date and 42% for the latest twelve months. Education subscription and subscription services revenue grew 28% in the third quarter, 38% year-to-date, and 49% for the latest twelve months. Our balance of deferred revenue, again, billed and unbilled, in Education grew 49% in the third quarter. As a result of COVID-related impacts on our operations in China and Japan over the past quarter and a half, results in our international enterprise operations in the quarter were a mix of geographic areas with very strong growth and those whose operations were significantly impacted by COVID-related challenges.
In our offices in the U.K., Ireland, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, and Australia, which comprise approximately 36% of total international sales, and where All Access Pass makes up a substantial portion of sales, revenue grew $1.3 million or 41% for the quarter and grew 48% year-to-date and 60% in the latest twelve months. All Access Pass subscription and subscription services sales, which make up approximately 86% of total sales in these countries, grew even more rapidly, increasing 77% for the quarter, 81% year-to-date, and 100% in the latest twelve months. International licensee partner revenue increased 9% in the third quarter compared to last year. These operations continue to strengthen coming out of COVID, despite the interruptions in Eastern Europe.
In our offices in China and Japan, which account for approximately 64% of international sales, widespread COVID-related lockdowns in China and a very cautious and slow return to normalcy, as guided by the Japanese government, impacted business in these two countries. Revenue declined $2.6 million or 46% to $3.1 million for the quarter, but declined only 15% year-to-date and 66% in the latest twelve months, reflecting that the latest COVID lockdowns and restrictions primarily impacted the second and third quarters. However, with the recent easing of COVID-related restrictions in China and Japan, sales in these countries have started to rebound, and we expect that both countries will contribute to international and company growth in FY 2023. Now, I'd like to provide a little more detail on these key highlights.
As shown in slide 10, revenue in the third quarter grew 13% to $66.2 million, an increase of $7.4 million compared to the $58.7 million of revenue generated in last year's third quarter. As strong as our revenue growth was, the growth and profitability and cash flow related to this revenue growth was even more significant. Our gross margin percentage remained very strong at 77.3%. Our operating SG&A, as a percentage of sales, declined 274 basis points to 60.8% for the third quarter. Adjusted EBITDA increased 27% or $2.3 million to $10.7 million in the third quarter, compared to $8.6 million in the third quarter of FY 2021. Our cash flow and liquidity positions were also very strong.
As shown in Slide 11, cash provided by operating activities through the third quarter increased 28% to $39.5 million. This strong cash flow reflects an additional benefit of our subscription model, specifically that we invoice up front and collect cash from these invoiced amounts even faster than we recognize all the subscription revenue. With this strong cash flow, we ended the third quarter with $67.1 million in liquidity, even after investing the $20.3 million in the third quarter related to the repurchase of approximately 500,000 shares. Our $67.1 million of liquidity at the end of the third quarter was comprised of $52.1 million in cash, which means no debt, no net debt, and with our $15 million revolving credit facility remaining fully undrawn. Paul, back to you.
Thank you, Steve. Thanks for that great review. I'd now like to touch briefly on five key drivers behind these strong results. These are illustrated in slide number twelve. The first driver is that the markets we've chosen to serve are very large, they're growing significantly, and they're highly fragmented. This provides us with enormous headroom for growth and the opportunity to own a significant share of each of the markets in which we serve. The second driver is that we're focused on the most important, lucrative, and durable spaces in each of these markets. The opportunities and challenges we help our clients address are very durable, providing us the opportunity to partner with them both in good and more challenging times. Driver number three is the strength of our subscription model.
It's a powerful engine that's driving strong growth, significant and increasing predictability and durability of revenue, and a high flow-through of revenue to profitability and cash flow. The fourth driver is that we have compelling opportunities for growth. The combination of our large and growing markets that we serve, the importance of the challenges we help our clients address, and the strength of our business model create a number of exciting opportunities for growth. The fifth driver is that our strong cash flow has and can be invested to create significant additional value for shareholders. I'll briefly touch on each of these in a little bit more detail. First, the first driver is the attractiveness of the markets we've chosen to serve. Each is large and growing and fragmented. As you can see on slide 14, our focus is on three large growing markets.
Our enterprise learning market, where the total addressable market is approximately $99 billion and growing by about $3 billion per year. The education market, where the TAM is $600 billion and growing approximately $1 billion a year. Third, the market for business leaders investing from their own operating budgets to improve their organization's performance, where the total addressable market is not defined but is likely in the trillions of dollars and growing. Each of these markets is highly fragmented, with the largest players accounting for only approximately 1%-2% of sales. We believe this provides us with tremendous opportunities for growth and to establish significant market share. Driver number two is that we're focused on the most important, lucrative, and durable spaces in each of these markets.
As shown on slide 16, many things can add value to an organization, including providing people with useful information and helping them learn new skills. However, as important as sharing information and helping people learn new skills can be, the single most impactful opportunity most organizations have is to find a way to mobilize the collective actions and best efforts of large numbers of people toward the organization's highest priorities. As illustrated in slide 17, for every major strategic, operational, or cultural initiative an organization has, whether, for example, that objective is to systematically improve its customer loyalty scores, increase its sales effectiveness, help its leaders increase trust and engagement throughout the organization or any other key initiative. Almost every organization will already have pockets of great performance. That's represented by the number one on that chart.
Every organization will also have variability in its performance across its people and units. That's represented by the number two on the chart. This variability in outcomes typically is a result of inconsistency in human behavior and in execution. What differentiates the best performing organizations from their lesser performing counterparts isn't that one has pockets of great performance while the other doesn't. They both, in fact, do. Nor is it that one has variability in its performance while the other doesn't. Again, both do. Rather, what differentiates top performer organizations from lesser performers is the extent of that variability. As indicated by the number three next to the red dashed line, what really differentiates top-performing organizations is that the performance distribution curve of the top performers is simply righter and tighter than that of lesser performers.
Top performers are better at institutionalizing or getting widespread adoption of the behaviors, actions, and paradigms that are already present in their existing pockets of great performance. This does not happen by accident. Helping clients achieve true performance breakthroughs by driving the kind of collective behavioral change that allows them to systematically and predictably move their performance and behavior curves righter and tighter is exactly the kind of thing Franklin Covey helps its clients achieve. In fact, our entire organization is focused specifically on helping companies, schools, and teams of all sizes and across just about every industry achieve these kinds of results. It's the reason why, as we'll discuss in a minute, we've made acquisitions like Jhana and Strive, and while we continue to invest in content and technology, and why we're focused on accelerating the growth of our sales force.
Every organization has these righter and tighter challenges and opportunities, and they exist during both times of great opportunity and times of great challenge. The challenge organizations have in moving their operations and initiatives righter and tighter is a very durable one. We witnessed this durability during the constantly changing pandemic environment when thousands of organizations and schools purchased, expanded, and renewed their Leader in Me and All Access Pass subscriptions, and also purchased support services from Franklin Covey to help them achieve their most important goals. It is Franklin Covey's ability to help clients address these kinds of challenges and opportunities that, as shown on slide 18, is keeping the lifetime value of our customers both large and growing. The third driver I would highlight is the strength of our subscription model.
It's a powerful engine that's driving strong growth, significant and increasing predictability and durability of our revenue, and a high flow-through of revenue to profitability and cash flow. As substantially all of our business becomes subscription and subscription services over the next few years. We expect our overall growth in revenue and profitability to accelerate. I'd like to briefly highlight these points. First, our subscription and subscription services model is driving strong growth. As shown on slide 20, our subscription and subscription services revenue grew 31% in the third quarter and has grown 31% year to date and 36% for the latest twelve months. This growth has been driven by our All Access Pass subscription offering in our enterprise business and our Leader in Me subscription offering in our education business.
All Access Pass is driving strong growth in the enterprise business as we predicted it would. As shown in slide 21, from the inception of All Access Pass through fiscal 2016 through this year's third quarter, All Access Pass subscription services revenue has grown tenfold from $13.7 million in fiscal 2016 to $136.2 million for the latest twelve-month period ended this third quarter. This robust growth has continued this year with All Access Pass subscription services revenue growing 32% in the third quarter, 29% year to date, and 32% for the latest twelve months. Similarly, the Leader in Me subscription is also driving strong growth in the Education Division as we expected it would.
The Leader in Me subscription offerings growth has been so substantial that for the latest twelve-month period, Leader in Me accounted for more than $54 million or 93% of Education's total revenue. Leader in Me subscription revenues are continuing to grow rapidly. As shown in slide 22, Leader in Me subscription and subscription services revenue grew 28% in the third quarter, has grown 38% year to date, and 49% for the latest twelve months. Second, our subscription model also continues to drive an increase in the durability and predictability of our current and future revenues. As shown in slide 23, our balance of deferred revenue, both billed and unbilled, continues to increase significantly, growing 21% to $116.5 million at the end of the third quarter.
Additionally, durability and predictability of revenue is being created, as we've mentioned, by the increasing percent of our All Access Pass contracts that are multiyear. Again, at the end of the third quarter, the percent of contracts that are multiyear is 42%, and the revenue represented by those contracts is 58%. Third, our subscription business model also reflects high flow-through of revenue growth to growth and profitability, and cash flow. With its strong gross margins and relatively low customer acquisition costs, a high percentage of incremental growth in subscription revenue flows through to increases in adjusted EBITDA and cash flow. Fourth, as substantially all of our business becomes subscription and subscription services over the next few years, we expect Franklin Covey's overall growth in revenue and profitability to accelerate.
When we began our conversion to subscription just over six years ago, we shared the trajectory of Adobe's conversion, their own conversion to subscription. As you can see in slide 24, in the initial years of its conversion to subscription, Adobe's strong growth in subscription sales was substantially offset by declines in their legacy boxed software business. However, as their subscription business continued to grow rapidly and the decline in their legacy business flattened out, as shown by the green line, Adobe's overall revenue growth and market cap accelerated. We said that we expected our conversion to subscription to follow a similar pattern, and that has been the case. We began our conversion to subscription in our enterprise North America business. As shown in slide 25, we're pleased that our conversion to All Access Pass in North America has followed a similar trajectory to that experienced by Adobe.
As our conversion has progressed, subscription sales growth has continued to be very strong, while declines in legacy sales have flattened out. As a result, North America Enterprise's overall revenue has grown a significant 22% for the latest 12 months, as indicated by the green line on the right-hand chart. As this acceleration in growth in North America has occurred, it's driven an increase in the company's overall growth rate from high single digits to low double digits and is projected to move to the low teens. As substantially all of the company's business becomes subscription and subscription services in the next few years, as we've mentioned, we expect overall company revenue to increase to the mid-teens and then the high teens in the quarters and years to come. As this occurs, we also expect our adjusted EBITDA and cash flow to accelerate.
The fourth of five drivers is that we have compelling opportunities for growth. Because we recognize, first, the very large opportunities ahead of us in the markets in which we serve and are focused, second, the necessity for our clients to move lighter and tighter to drive collective behavior change in addressing their most important challenges and opportunities, and third, because of the power of our subscription business model to generate significant growth, we're excited about the opportunity ahead of us, and we're determined to take advantage of it. To that end, we continue to make investments in content, technology, thought leadership, and in growing our sales force. I'd like to briefly highlight efforts in two of these areas. First, on the technology front.
What we're now calling our new Impact Platform, the result of our acquisition of Strive, we've launched this platform to a significant portion of our customers, and the excitement and feedback has been tremendous. We're right on track for our full rollout, and we'll be bringing the new platform to all English-speaking clients this fall and to many other additional languages by winter. This new Impact Platform seamlessly combines our best-in-class content and solutions, instructor-led coaching support, supported by a cohort. Our instructor-led coaching supported cohort Impact journeys and powerful micro-push content onto a single platform. We're creating an industry-leading user experience and a powerful way for clients to deploy our solutions at scale across their organization to drive measurable behavior change and collective action. The second area I'd highlight is our continued investment and focus on growing our sales force.
We expected to add net 30 Client Partners this year and are on track to do so. As shown on slide 27, we ended the third quarter with 265 Client Partners, which was even with where we were at the end of the second quarter and down a little from last year. As we've mentioned before, our net new hiring generally occurs in the back half of our fiscal year, and through today, we're at 282 Client Partners with a robust recruiting pipeline and on track to hit 303 by year-end. Additionally, this year, we've established a foundation for being able to accelerate our sales force growth in recruiting and sales management and sales enablement to support the addition of at least 40 net new Client Partners in fiscal 2023.
The fifth and final driver I would highlight is that our strong cash flow has, and we believe, can be invested to create significant additional value for shareholders. We've said that our objective is to be a relatively unique company, a company that can simultaneously generate revenue growth in the low teens, and which will accelerate to the mid and then high teens, generate adjusted EBITDA in the range of 20% per year, and reinvest excess free cash flow in the business at high rates of return, while also returning substantial amounts of capital to shareholders in the form of share repurchases. We believe that we're becoming exactly this kind of company. As noted, we've increased our actual and expected revenue growth into the low teens and believe that our growth rate will increase to the mid and then high teens in the coming years.
We've shared our expectation of generating adjusted EBITDA growth with a compound annual growth rate in the range of 20% per year, and we've been investing our excess cash at high rates of return to create additional shareholder value. As it relates to investing free cash flow over the past years, first, we've reinvested capital in the business at high rates of return. For example, the ratio of our adjusted EBITDA, less capitalized development and other capitalized expenses to net tangible assets has been in the range of 20%, and we expect to have many opportunities for organic and M&A investments that can continue to meet these high hurdles. Second, we've also returned a significant amount of excess cash to shareholders in the form of share repurchases at prices we believe have and will generate very high rates of shareholder return.
During the third quarter, as we've mentioned, we invested $20.3 million to repurchase approximately 500,000 shares at an average price of $40.68 per share. Over the years, we've invested approximately $195 million to repurchase 12.8 million shares, reducing our total share count to only approximately 13.9 million shares. We believe that these share repurchases represent an attractive use of cash. I'd like to outline the three points we considered as we decided to invest more than $20 million during the third quarter to repurchase stock. First, we believe that the price at which we have repurchased shares represents a significant discount relative to the net present value of our expected cash flows. We believe that both our recent purchases and our purchases over the years have reached this standard.
For example, the average price at which we've repurchased the 12.8 million shares over the years has been $15.16 per share. Second, we believe that a significant percentage of our market cap is attributable to our current cash and the net present value of our projected cash flows alone without any reliance on residual or exit value. Third, we believe that the price at which we repurchase shares reflects a significant discount relative to other companies with similar revenue and growth expectations. As we've shared, we expect to generate an adjusted EBITDA compound annual growth rate in the range of 18%-20% per year over at least the next three years.
Our analysis of expected revenue and EBITDA growth for small and midcap companies suggests that this level of growth in EBITDA, and with at least low teens revenue growth, which we also expect, would place us in approximately the top 15% of the two-year expected growth rates for these comparison companies. However, while our expected growth rates would place us near the top of small and midcap companies, we're currently trading at a significant discount to the average of small and midcap companies with similar financial profiles, even after many of these companies have undergone significant declines in their market caps over the past couple of months. The combination of these factors gives us confidence that investing excess cash flow in the business and in share repurchases can generate and create significant additional value for shareholders in the coming years.
With those having gone through those five points, I'd now like to turn some time to Steve to talk about our outlook and guidance.
Hey, thank you again, Paul. So we've reviewed a little bit of this guidance before, but we'll go over it again and expand a bit. As you know, as shown in slide 29, our initial guidance provided last fall was that in FY 2022, adjusted EBITDA would increase to a midpoint of $35 million, which was an increase of $7 million or 25% compared to the adjusted EBITDA of $28 million in FY 2021. Our most recent guidance was for FY 2022 adjusted EBITDA to increase to a midpoint of $38.5 million, representing year-over-year growth of 38%. We are now increasing our adjusted EBITDA guidance again for FY 2022 to between $40 million and $41.5 million. The middle of this range represents more than 45% growth in adjusted EBITDA compared with the $28 million achieved last year.
Underpinning this guidance are the following expectations. First, that we will recognize the deferred revenue currently on the balance sheet. This deferred revenue is secure and provides significant visibility into our revenue for the fourth quarter next year and beyond. Second, that in addition to the recognition of our deferred revenue, our All Access Pass and Leader in Me subscription and subscription services sale will continue to achieve strong growth, an assumption in which we have high confidence. Third, that while we're expecting recovery next year from the recent pandemic lockdowns in China, which normally accounts for approximately 5% of sales, and restrictions in Japan, which normally account for approximately 4% of sales, our guidance assumes very little improvement in their operations in the fourth quarter compared to this year's third quarter.
Fourth is that our education business will continue to achieve strong retention of both schools and revenue among existing Leader in Me schools and also grow our number of new Leader in Me schools to a level even higher than we achieved in our strong fiscal 2021. For the year, Education will also significantly increase the number of coaching days it delivers in its Leader in Me schools. This year, because our team's continued effort to have revenue be recognized more uniformly throughout the year and because of the lifting of COVID restrictions, these coaching days have been able to be spread throughout the year, whereas last year, a majority fell and were recognized in the fourth quarter.
Consistent with this overall guidance, we expect adjusted EBITDA in the fourth quarter to be between $11.1 million and $12.6 million, compared to a strong $10.6 million in the fourth quarter of FY 2021. This expectation reflects strong growth in North America, in our English-speaking direct offices in U.K. and Australia, and in Education, partially offset by year-over-year declines in the operations of China and Japan, and by the timing of education coaching days recognized in last year's fourth quarter, many of which have been recognized in earlier quarters this year. We expect revenue growth of approximately 7% in the fourth quarter, reflecting the declines in China and Japan, and the previously discussed timing of shifts in education coaching days out of the quarter into earlier quarters this year.
Total revenue growth for the year, including the fourth quarter, is expected to be 15%. Talk again about our targets for FY 2023 through FY 2025. As shown in slide 30, you'll recall that the end of the first quarter, we increased our original targets of achieving $40 million of adjusted EBITDA in FY 2023 and $50 million in FY 2024 to the target of achieving $45 million in adjusted EBITDA in 2023 and $55 million in FY 2024. As we discussed a few minutes ago, our targets are to achieve between $47 million and $48.5 million in fiscal 2023.
We then expect that adjusted EBITDA will increase to approximately $57 million in FY 2024 versus our previous expectation of approximately $55 million, and then to approximately $67 million in FY 2025, a level at which we would expect adjusted EBITDA to sales percentage to be approaching 20%. Of course, while dramatic changes in the world environment, the economy, and other factors could impact these expectations, we wanted to share with you that these are our current targets. Back to Paul.
Thank you, Steve. We feel great about our momentum and look forward to continued accelerating growth. With that, Daryl, we'd like to open the lines of questions, if you would.
If anyone has a question, you can press zero one on your touch-tone phone. Once again, to ask a question, it's zero one on your touch-tone phone. Our first question comes from Marco Rodriguez. Go ahead, Marco.
Good morning or good afternoon, guys. Thank you for taking my question.
Hey, Marco.
Hey, guys. I was wondering if you could talk a little bit more about the client partner hirings. If I heard you correctly, you're targeting 40 new net CP hires in fiscal 2023, but I missed some of the commentary surrounding that. If you can maybe talk about the main drivers that are moving you from a net 30 to a net 40. Should we basically sort of assume that this 40 level per year is a new run rate level going forward?
Yeah. Great. Yeah, great question. So, you know, you'll recall, you've been with us for a long time. You'll recall back when we first stepped out and said, "Hey, we recognize growing the sales force is key to growing the overall company and growing revenue." We stepped out and started hiring net 10 a year, and then we moved that up to net 20, and right now we're at net 30. We're going to net 40. I think 40 is next year. We have ambitions to go beyond that in the two years. You know, you might see us come and talk about a net 50 and a net 60 number in the next couple of years here.
The commentary I think you're looking for is what we need to have in place to be able to support those is, one, the recruiting, the size of the recruiting team, the ability to attract those kinds of numbers. We've been hard at work this year to do that, and we feel great about that. Then once we've found the people, just our own onboarding ramp, sales enablement, and sales management infrastructure needs to be there to support them. We are fortunate in that we enjoy long ten-year, very little turnover, and it's because we do, I think, a great job of ramping people, and they recognize they can be successful here.
We've been laying the foundation for the next big jump here to net 40 and doing it in a way that will allow us to go even beyond that in the years beyond next.
that support staff, is that fully in place now for to hit that 40 in fiscal 2023?
What the support staff are, it's the Managing Directors who lead the sales force. It's the sales enablement people scaling up the sales enablement tools. You can model 40 going forward, and we might come back and take it up higher, you know, a year from now as we talk about fiscal 2024 and 2025.
Got it. Very helpful. In terms of the international licensees, outside of China and Japan, it obviously sounds like results are pretty strong, and it sounds like it's partly being driven by All Access Pass adoption. You know, while I understand the headwinds that are present in China and Japan, can you maybe talk a little bit about where they are, China and Japan that is, in regards to them implementing All Access Pass?
Yeah. Jennifer Colosimo is the President of our Enterprise Division. Jen, do you wanna talk about the progress in Japan and then also China on AAP?
Yeah, of course. Thanks, Marco. We have had significant progress in Japan in terms of AAP and AAP services. As of the end of this last quarter, Japan is 45% of their business, that's AAP and AAP services, which will, as we expect, lead to significant returns and that same sort of flywheel we talk about all the time. Those same economics apply in Japan. Again, they were restricted by the government requirements in Japan. We're seeing a real turn. China's percentages are significantly growing. We probably would be seeing a higher percentage if we just hadn't seen such a downturn in their business and their ability to conduct business with the COVID restrictions in their environment. We'll be able to talk more about that as we end out the fiscal year.
Got it. Very, very helpful. Shifting here to balance sheet. You know, on the last call, we talked about your cash balance, and it's nice to see the large stock buyback you guys did in the quarter. The conversation also sort of revolved around potential uses of that cash via acquisitions, you know, small tuck-ins, like kinda your historical bread and butter. Can you maybe update us on that acquisition landscape and perhaps, you know, your level of activity in that area?
Absolutely. Marco, we think of when we think of potential acquisitions, we could acquire capability we don't have. Those would be. You know, examples of that were the acquisition a few years ago of Robert Gregory Partners, which brought coaching capability and executive coaching to us. Jhana, the micro-learning content capability. Strive, of course, the platform to power what we're doing for clients. Capability acquisitions. We look at content, potential content fits, where I mean, we don't have to acquire content. We can oftentimes license it.
If there was an organization out there that had good content and brought with it then one of these other two, which could be a number of customers, where the value proposition, they're happy with their current provider, but boy, if they had access to the content they currently have, plus everything that's in the All Access Pass, we could convert them over at a high conversion rate and grow our customer counts even more rapidly. They might bring more Client Partners, sales people with them. We kinda think of the four Cs of potential acquisition targets. Boyd Roberts, who's in the room here, leads that, heads that up for us, and we're having, you know, conversations all the time across those four and looking at different things that we might do in the future.
Right now we've been very focused on getting Strive completely integrated and getting that out the door. There are, you know, we see the potential to be more active there, as one of the uses of cash in our balance sheet.
Got it. Very, very helpful. Thank you guys for your time. I really appreciate it.
Thanks, Marco.
Our next question comes from Alex Paris. Go ahead, Alex.
Thank you very much, and thanks for taking my questions.
Hi, Alex.
Hi. Congrats on the beat and raise. Congrats on the raised guidance and outlook. With regard to guidance and the outlook, I was wondering if we can talk macro, you know, for a bit, maybe a little additional color. You know, typical questions that we're asking on these conference calls is the impact of inflation and how you're dealing with it, as well as the specter of recession, and how the industry behaves in that sort of environment. A little more color there on those macro issues, please.
That's a great question. We were expecting that question might come up on this call. You know, of course, we can't predict whether there will or won't be a recession, how severe, how deep, et cetera. What we can do is look at where we sit relative to that potential and assess how prepared are we, how confident are we. We feel quite good about the level of preparation and our confidence should there be a downturn. I would maybe point to five reasons for confidence. First, we talked about this a little bit, you know, a few minutes ago, but for us, it starts with the nature of the problems that we're helping our clients solve.
You could argue actually, the things we're helping them with might be even more important to them in the difficult times than in the quote easier times. Executing strategy, the need for that becomes even more paramount when things are difficult. You know, sales capability, production, our sales practice, the culture of the organization and making sure that every leader and individual has the skills necessary to come together and deliver on the strategy the company has. You know, in tough times, the company just can't afford to miss or to be sloppy. We're on the problems that are very enduring and durable, particularly in a challenging time. That I'd say would be point one. We're not caught up in the thick of thin things, so to speak.
Second, we're laser-focused on making sure the solutions that we create and we bring to market, we bring to our clients actually do measurably move the needle in those areas, that when you engage with us, performance does improve and it improves at scale across the organization. I think the combination of those two things, first, it puts us in a unique and important arena. The third, and this will be a new one for us, and I think this is where I'm quite bullish, is that our subscription business model.
We've of course gone through downturns in the past as a company, but we haven't gone through it with this new powerful model where substantially all of the contracts are for at least one year billed up front, and none of those contracts come due on the same day in a year. They're spread throughout the year. That provides just the single year nature of the contract provides some visibility and a real foundation. As we mentioned earlier, nearly 50% of the contracts and more than 50% of the revenue is in a multiyear contract, which by definition is two years or longer. There's an incredible amount of revenue that is scheduled to come in the years to come. The model is quite different.
We got a little bit of a chance to see that during the pandemic, where that subscription revenue held up really, really well, and in fact, continued to grow through the pandemic. That's the third point. I think the fourth point is a bit of a. Well, the fourth point would just be we have cash, and we generate cash. In times of economic uncertainty, cash is king, and we're fortunate to be in a position where we have and we generate lots of cash. I think the fifth is maybe a little bit of a different point, and it's something we're focused on with our sales force, is we don't wanna capitalize at somebody else's expense.
We've seen consistently from the inception of All Access Pass that as we add more and more to it becomes an even more robust and powerful solution for our clients that they don't need to work with as many vendor partners as they do. They can rationalize and consolidate others and actually double down with us. They might spend a little bit less in the aggregate, and we actually grow our share with them. We've reported on that during the pandemic. That was certainly the case with some of the large airlines, some of the large hotels, some of the large industrial manufacturing companies. We have continued to see that all along the last six years. I think there's an opportunity here.
You know, the strong tend to get stronger in these times, and I think we're coming into this with great strength. That would be my thoughts about. We're not hoping for a recession. I think we're quite well positioned. As far as to the inflation point.
Mm-hmm
We don't have a massive supply chain. We don't have a lot of cost there. Of course, travel costs go up a little bit. We pass those on to our customers. Labor cost a little bit, but we're not as susceptible maybe to high increases in inflation as other businesses might be.
I appreciate that thorough answer, and I agree with those points. You could argue that particularly with the percentage of subscription and subscription-related services that the company should grow right through a downturn, you know, obviously depending on the length and severity of the downturn. You know, the problems that your customers have will only increase, you know, in tough economic times, and you got the increasing component of recurring revenues.
Yeah. That's great.
Yeah. Well, thank you. The Q4 challenges, I think Steve did a good job outlining those. China and Japan, you're not expecting significant recovery in the fourth quarter, versus the third quarter experience. You do expect, as the COVID lockdowns diminish and COVID continues to improve, hopefully, that you expect a return to growth for both of those countries in fiscal 2023. Just wanted to clarify.
We do. In fact, maybe an extra couple sentences on the response here. We've been through this before, particularly in China. China got hit very hard in round one of the pandemic, but then that business came back a little over a year ago and was back to levels pre-pandemic. We saw it go down, we saw it come back up. Unfortunately, it went back down again with what's happened in China the last quarter and a half or so, but we expect the same conditions that caused it to go back up to pre-pandemic levels will be there again. We just don't foresee that happening in the next, you know, in this fourth quarter, but we do expect it will happen as we get into next fiscal year.
Japan has been, you know, it's already on kind of a slow return to growth. It's a little bit of a different environment there, but we do expect that both those countries will contribute to our growth next year.
Excellent. Thank you so much. Congrats on the quarter, and I'll reenter the queue.
Thanks, Alex.
Our next question comes from Sameer Patel. Go ahead, Sameer.
Hey, guys.
Hey, Sameer.
Congrats on a great quarter, and thanks for finally repurchasing shares. Look, I got two questions. The first one extends on, I think it was Alex a few minutes ago. Could you maybe, you know, as a retrospective, talk a little more in depth about your experience during COVID with those customers who were affected, right? Like you mentioned, the hotels and airlines. I mean, you know, I'm looking here at your press release from December 2020, when you were selected by Best Western to provide services to more than 2,000 properties in North America, right? That was during, I forget which variant, but it was one of those spikes, and that's when they decided to actually sign a big new contract with you.
I mean, you know, just to the point that I'm sure a lot of people have questions about the resilience of the business model, but like you mentioned, you know, subscription revenues kept growing through COVID, and you in fact, were signing, you know, big deals with customers in the hospitality industry. First question is maybe could you just go a little bit more in depth there as a retrospective kind of, you know, to the most recent crisis that you guys went through?
Yes, thank you for the prompt. You know, just to point, not only did subscription revenue grow during the pandemic, but apart from the very early two quarters of the pandemic where we needed to go through the conversion of the subscription services portion of our revenue, which was all booked as live in-person sessions at client locations. That, of course, got canceled and our clients weren't yet ready to move to live online. It took a couple of quarters for us to work with them to convince them that experience could be just as powerful as live in-person. Once we got them over that bridge, our subscription services revenue took back off again, and it's now at levels that it's never been before.
In fact, as you note here in this call, we reported that as a percentage of All Access Pass subscription revenue, services make up 66% now. It wasn't that many quarters ago that that was. Well, I remember when it started at 12%, right? It's just been slowly growing up to 66%. I think that the point you're highlighting here is a good one, which is both the subscription revenue and the services revenue did grow quite rapidly through the pandemic once we got through those first two quarters on the services side. It is because as we both pointed out here, the nature of the problems we're solving.
We had a client in the early days of the pandemic that it was one of the largest airlines in the world. There was no airline traffic or travel happening. They came to us and said, "We wanna double down with you right now because this is a chance we have to reboot our culture and the skills and capabilities of leaders across our organization. They have the time, and we have the need, and let's go do something special here." That was an example there. We won the Best Western deal. You referenced that. Another very large, well, I think probably the largest, if not one of the largest, if not the largest hotel chain in the world, has been a client for a long time.
They doubled down with us during the pandemic and signed a five-year contract. Extended the one they had and signed for another five years, and we're still in the middle of that with them. We see this happening. I referenced a large kind of industrial company. We began with them about five years ago with 100 All Access Pass users. It went well. They quickly expanded to 1,000 and then 3,000 users. During the pandemic, they went enterprise-wide with us. We're now in the middle of a three-year multi-year contract with them, where we're doing work all over the organization there. They were at one point working with more than 30 different partners and are now down to about four or five, and we're one of those.
The others are just, they do things we don't do, which is why they're still working with them. I think to the point here and to Alex's previous question, again, not sitting here hoping that there's a downturn, but I do think there's an opportunity. We do feel quite bullish that should there be, because of the power of the offerings and the nature of the problems, our clients are going to need us, and clients that are not ours today will also need what we have to offer. You know, strength looks for strength. And I think we can be that strong place that people look to and wanna partner with.
That's great. Very helpful color. You know, second question is for Steve. Steve, I know we butt heads on this, seems like every quarter. You know, but I mean, I think with your guidance, right? If I look at this slide 30, it is here. You know, Paul, in the past two quarters, you've raised your revenue outlook from high single digits to low teens growth. This year's EBITDA guidance midpoint has gone up by about $6 million, and Steve, somehow your out year targets have gone up by $2 million. You know, that's with hopefully next year kinda China recovering from levels that are actually depressed during this fiscal year. As you know, your China has nothing to do with your core business. It's just no one's allowed to do business there right now, right?
Maybe again, is it just conservatism and or is there something structural I'm missing as to why, you know, you've increased your EBITDA this year by $6 million versus prior target, and then next year you're looking for, you know, or out years, you're looking for like $2 million?
Yeah. Sameer, one of the things that you'll notice is that we're still looking in those out years at about a $10 million increase from one year to the next. We think that that's a good amount of flow through year to year is about $10 million. Now, we had really, you know, an increased amount of increase in adjusted EBITDA this year from the pandemic impacted $28 million, you know, to where we're going to end up. We think that $10 million a year is a good target.
what we should be able to achieve, and in our guidance for FY 2023 is reflected, some of the things that we've talked about, meaning hiring more salespeople that aren't as productive in their first year. There are some additional costs there, additional costs in sales and marketing, continuing to implement the Strive acquisition and doing some of the, you know, some of the content and platform development at a level higher next year than we did this year, and some of the travel continuing to come back. Sameer, yeah, there's a little bit of conservative in-
Right. Those are, Steve, front-loaded growth investments, right? But if Paul's talking about going from, you know, high single digit growth to low teens in the near future and then onwards to 15%, 17%, 19%, I mean, those out year targets, if you start achieving that, are gonna be looking higher than that, right? Would you agree with that statement?
Yes.
Paul?
Yeah.
Okay. Okay, cool. Thanks. That's all for me.
Thanks, Sameer.
Our next question comes from Jeff Martin. Go ahead, Jeff.
Hi, Jeff.
Thanks. Good afternoon, guys. Hi, how are you?
Great.
Paul, I was just wondering if you could put into context, you had for North America Enterprise, you had revenue growth of 27%, while growth in billed and unbilled deferred revenue was 16% relative to the expectation of growth acceleration over the coming years and potentially reaching, you know, the mid- and upper teens. You know, help put some context around the deferred revenue growth, you know, below the realized revenue growth for Enterprise. It'd be helpful to have some insight from you there.
Great. Steve, do you wanna talk about the walk from
Yeah. Hi, Jeff, how you doing? Nice to be talking to you. I'll just kind of remind everybody on the phone, which I'm sure most know, but a reminder how this works. When we deliver days, et cetera, ship materials or deliver days, we record that revenue as the transaction takes place. As you know, the next level up from that is that when we invoice for a contract that we normally invoice one year in advance, we put that one year on the balance sheet as deferred revenue, and that revenue comes off evenly for the coming 12 months.
If it's a multiyear contract that we enter into, we normally, let's say it's a three-year contract, we bill for the first year, and then we put that on the balance sheet, but the second and third years are in the unbilled deferred that is off balance sheet. We always have those three levels. The deferred revenue on the balance sheet comes off evenly every month. But the unbilled deferred that's off balance sheet comes on in annual chunks because we bill a year in advance. Those contracts are coming off a full year at a time being added to the balance sheet and then coming off the balance sheet evenly. That's all just to say it's a little bit complicated.
In this third quarter, you know, $28.8 million we added to deferred revenue, whereas last year it was $22.7. That was more. We added $8 million to unbilled deferred, where it was $9 the year before. That's $1 million less. You notice quickly that last quarter, we added $4 million more to unbilled deferred. In the first quarter, we added $3 million more. That's just kind of a reflection of how the multiyear contracts were sold in these three quarters. The year to date number looks really good for the contracted amount and for the invoiced amount.
It was just this quarter that was a little bit impacted on the amount of multiyear sales, even though the percentage of multiyear related to those particular sales went up. Was that too many words?
No, that's helpful. The reason for the question is that I wanted to get some perspective that, you know, deferred revenue growth isn't on a decline while eventually that catches up to the reported revenue growth. It sounds like third quarter was somewhat of an anomaly with respect to the addition of multiyear contracts.
Yes, the multi-year, it's a good quarter for what we invoiced.
Got it. Okay. Paul wanted to get a sense in terms of revenue growth acceleration, key drivers obviously, continuing to expand the mix of subscription and related services is probably the biggest. Maybe help give us you know kind of a pecking order of where you expect the other most meaningful contributions will be. Obviously, Client Partner growth is gonna be a big part of that, and then rebound in Asia is gonna help. Maybe just kinda help us you know prioritize which.
Yeah.
Which are the most impactful beyond the increasing concentration of subscription?
I think you that you actually pecked through the pecking order there. By far the biggest one is we now have a model, we're six years into this, that is built to grow. It retains. We retain substantially all the revenue. We add services. The model is growing, and as that, and that All Access Pass and related, and the Leader in Me and related businesses are growing far and above the mid-teens we talk about or the low teens we talk about. As that continues to become a greater and greater percentage of the business, of course, the whole business growth rate increases, which you said there.
I think the drivers of that are, as you mentioned, it's frankly more salespeople. It's more time with existing customers. We still have a tremendous amount of headroom to expand inside each of our All Access Pass subscribing clients. We've mentioned on previous calls, very few of them are we enterprise with. We're just in there with initial populations that are, while nice sized, have with a lot of headroom to grow inside the existing All Access Pass clients, in addition to adding new clients in the future. I think it's the salespeople to do that. It's continuing to be smart about how we market and position the company. It's making sure that we have a growing, powerful subscription offering that our clients will find appealing.
Really, the point to be made here is, I think the model is built to grow, and we're doing the things that cause us to grow, and it's the execution and the perfecting of the things we're doing and doing them at even a higher level of velocity, causes subscription to keep growing. If subscription keeps growing, the whole company growth rate tilts higher and higher.
Great. Then wanted to get a sense with the Impact Platform, you know, what are some of the opportunities to do things maybe a little different, enhance the value proposition, once that's fully rolled out versus, you know, what you've been doing the last, you know, six to seven years with the subscription model?
Yeah. Thank you. Thanks for calling it the Impact Platform.
I was listening.
You know, we wanna be the impact at scale company, and we thought this is the right thing to call that. Again, as a reminder, what this platform does is it is a technology platform, kind of, lowercase P, if you will, platform. It's also an uppercase P platform, where we're doing something unique in the industry. We're platforming, if you will, what historically were three or four fairly disparate things that companies have tried to pull together. Really good content delivered in cohort experiences.
Everybody kinda knows that, and the industry knows that to sit at your computer and watch something by yourself, you might have your own individual aha, but it's kind of a lousy way to drive collective ahas and behavior change that an organization really needs. What you need is a place to convene where people can come together in an easy way with other people in their organization and have these facilitated experiences where together you're wrestling through things, you're learning things, and you're talking about how to apply them. That there can be coaching for those organizations that want to support that experience with one-on-one or team-based coaching. It's this capital P platform takes great content, marries it up with our instructors, our consultants, and/or client facilitators if the client wants to do that.
All the in-between, in the seams of your workday and work week self-follow-up and reinforcement that you need to sustain behavior change. It integrates that all onto one capital P platform that's elegant and easy for our buyers to deploy. Prior to the Impact Platform, prior to Strive, clients wanna do that, but it's very difficult for them to have to piece all that together. It's not a seamless experience, and it requires a lot of back-end work. We take all that work away from them and make it fairly push-button easy. On the flip side, for the user, if you or I are going through this, we're now what we need to do is being served up to us.
We don't have to go away for two days to training, make a bunch of notes, and make commitments, get back to the day jobs, forget everything we learned and get on. It's just kind of we did that, we were there, we did it and didn't really change our behavior. Now, this platform is powering you or me or any of us that are on this call through a multimodal experience over the course of time and measuring our behavior change over time. It's very elegant and easy for the user. It's also very elegant and simple for the administrator to help us do something that's not actually easy to do, which is to engage somebody and help change their behavior over time. The opportunities for that are. It's a very attractive thing.
When you go out and talk to new clients, they're attracted by that or attracted to that. The win rate, new clients, new logos, et cetera, ought to go up over time as we get this out there. Second, it's built to drive even more services, right? It so seamlessly integrates the people component, the consultants, we expect to continue to see services grow as a result. Because it makes it easier for the buyer to deploy it at scale to larger populations of people, we think it ought to help us drive increased expansion. As I mentioned a minute ago, we have lots of headroom to penetrate inside our existing customers, and we think this Impact Platform will help us do that as well.
Great. Appreciate the color.
Thanks for the question.
We have no more questions at this time. I'll turn it back to Paul Walker for final comments.
Thank you, Daryl. Thank you everyone for being with us today. Thanks for just continuing to be with us on this journey. We are grateful to you and we're grateful to have been able to visit with you for a few minutes today. We're grateful for a good third quarter and we hope you have a great rest of your day and a great upcoming fourth.
Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's conference. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.