Hello, and welcome to the Guardant Health Q3 2021 Earnings Call. My name is Alex and I will be coordinating the call today. If you would like to ask a question at the end of the presentation, you can press star one on your telephone keypads. If you wish to withdraw your question, you can press star two. I will now hand it over to your host, Carrie Mendivil, investor relations to begin. Over to you, Kari.
Thank you. Earlier today, Guardant Health released financial results for the quarter ended September 30, 2021. If you have not received this news release, or if you'd like to be added to the company's distribution list, please send an email to investors@guardanthealth.com. Joining me today from Guardant are Helmy Eltoukhy, Co-CEO, AmirAli Talasaz, Co-CEO, and Mike Bell, Chief Financial Officer. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that management will make statements during the call that are forward-looking statements within the meaning of federal securities laws. These statements involve material risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results or events to materially differ from those anticipated. Additional information regarding these risks and uncertainties appears in the section entitled Forward-Looking Statements in the press release Guardant issued today.
For a more complete list and description, please see the Risk Factors section of the company's annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, and in its other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This call will also include a discussion of certain financial measures that are not calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure may be found in today's earnings release submitted to the SEC. Except as required by law, Guardant disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any financial projections or forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events, or otherwise. This conference call contains time-sensitive information and is accurate only as of the live broadcast November 4, 2021. With that, I'd like to turn the call over to Helmy.
Thanks, Kari. Good afternoon, and thank you for joining our third quarter 2021 earnings call. I'll start off today's call by highlighting our progress across oncology as we continue to build on our strong foundation as a liquid biopsy leader. I will then turn the call over to Ameer Ali for an update on our screening program in colorectal cancer and our plans for expansion into multi-cancer screening. Finally, Mike will provide a more detailed look at our financials and our outlook for the remainder of 2021. Our mission at Guardant is to conquer cancer with data fueled by a commitment to putting patients first. To this end, we are dedicated to bringing the absolute best products to market that will provide clinically actionable information to inform patient care.
Before I provide an update on our progress, I would like to start the call off with a patient story. This past summer, a 64-year-old woman was diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Her oncologist ordered a Guardant360 CDx test, which identified her cancer as KRAS negative, indicating that she may respond to anti-EGFR therapy. With this information, she was enrolled in a clinical trial. As her treatment progressed, she began to experience worsening symptoms that led to uncertainty about whether or not she was responding to treatment from the clinical trial. Her oncologist ordered a Guardant360 Response test, which is the first commercially available blood-only liquid biopsy test that detects changes in circulating tumor DNA levels to provide an early indication of a patient's response to treatment.
The test confirmed her cell-free tumor DNA levels were decreasing, meaning she was indeed responding to treatment and her symptoms were likely a side effect from the therapy. With this, her oncologist had the information he needed to continue treatment through the trial, and the patient's symptoms have since improved. This story highlights how Guardant360 can provide powerful information across multiple stages of cancer care, from rather treatment selection with our Guardant360 CDx to early treatment response monitoring with Guardant360 Response. Today, the Guardant360 product portfolio is increasingly providing oncologists with a set of comprehensive tools to unlock the full potential of precision oncology across the continuum of advanced cancer care. Now turning to our performance. We realized record revenue during the third quarter of approximately $95 million, growing 27% year-over-year.
On our earnings call in early August, we shared that the resurgence of COVID-19 cases was impacting oncology office visits and sales force access, with our international business particularly impacted. While the environment didn't worsen, these impacts persisted through August and into September. Despite these continuing impacts from COVID, our team delivered strong clinical volumes of 22,806 tests, up 9% from the second quarter of this year and 35% compared to the prior year. I continue to be proud of how well our commercial team is executing in this environment and achieving healthy volumes and continued growth. Notably, approximately 60% of our volume in the quarter came from the community setting, which represents over 10% growth over the previous quarter. We have also continued our strong cadence of clinical evidence supporting Guardant360.
In September, we shared new data at IASLC World Conference on Lung Cancer that demonstrated the advantages of using the Guardant360 liquid biopsy test for clinical decision-making in advanced lung cancer. Shortly after, we showed data at ESMO highlighting molecular targets of importance, treatment resistance patterns, and advantages of the Guardant360 liquid biopsy test to help improve the management of advanced solid cancers. These studies add to the growing evidence demonstrating that Guardant360 is an easy and quick way to identify more patients with actionable biomarkers, allowing clinicians to start biomarker-informed treatment sooner as compared to tissue biopsy for comprehensive genomic profiling. Turning to recurrence monitoring. We are encouraged by the growing interest and early success of Guardant Reveal and are continuing to invest heavily in the vast opportunity ahead while leveraging our existing channel with oncologists.
We now have a full commercial channel dedicated to Reveal and have added over 50 employees to the team during the third quarter. Across our oncology portfolio, we have a commercial organization of more than 250 employees across sales, marketing, and medical affairs. We are making solid progress towards our multi-cancer goal with data on colorectal cancer as well as bladder, lung, and breast indications. Similar to our approach in therapy selection, we are investing in clinical studies across MRD to demonstrate the clinical utility of our tests. To that end, in October, we initiated the ORACLE study to evaluate the performance of Guardant Reveal to predict recurrence across many early-stage cancers. Specifically, this is a 1,000-patient prospective observational multicenter study designed to evaluate the performance of Reveal to predict cancer recurrence after curative intent treatment across 11 solid tumor types.
This study, in combination with our existing studies, would establish clinical evidence for Guardant Reveal across nearly 80% of all solid tumor cancers. The first patient was enrolled in early October. If successful, ORACLE will pave the path for reimbursement for Guardant Reveal across multiple cancer types, definitively establishing the blood-only approach for MRD and unlocking the $15 billion total addressable market for MRD across all tumor types. Moving on to biopharma. We saw a healthy rebound in our biopharma business with volume of 4,839 samples, up 32% from the second quarter and up 58% year-over-year. We are seeing growing interest with our biopharma partners for using Reveal in the adjuvant setting with non-CRC indications such as lung, bladder, and breast.
Our partners are seeing significant benefits with our blood-only tissue-agnostic approach, and we look forward to growing usage of Reveal in the biopharma setting. In addition to increasing sample volumes, the number of customers we serve continues to grow. We now have more than 90 active biopharma partnerships with a healthy pipeline, and we expect to have more than 100 partners by the end of the year. The breadth of our product offering, strong customer service, and clinical market leadership makes us an attractive partner. Outside of the United States, we continue to expand our presence in Europe through established partnerships with premier cancer organizations. We have partnered with The Royal Marsden, a leading specialist treatment hospital in London. This is similar to the previously announced Vall d'Hebron partnership in Spain, which establishes in-house liquid biopsy testing services running Guardant360 tests and sequencing on-site.
This service is expected to become operational in 2022 and will be available for clinical research and clinical care, providing industry-leading next generation sequencing to private and self-paying patients with a plan for future expansion for National Health Service patients. In addition, we continue to make important progress with our JV in Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. Specifically in Japan, we are on track for PMDA approval of Guardant360 and launching our clinical laboratory outside of Tokyo by early next year. We are also making excellent progress in other countries in the region, as well as growing clinical volumes with both biopharma customers and oncology clinics. Accordingly, we have decided to exercise our call right to purchase the remaining 50% of our joint venture from SoftBank.
We are working towards a future where all patients with cancer around the world have access to the latest innovations to inform treatment decisions and manage care for the best possible outcomes. This additional partnership in Europe and our redoubled commitment to our efforts in Asia, Africa, and the Middle East are important steps towards realizing that vision. Finally, before I turn the call over to AmirAli, I want to take a moment to welcome Myrtle Potter to our board of directors. Myrtle currently serves as Chief Executive Officer and board member of Sumitovant Biopharma. Prior to Sumitovant, Myrtle served as the President of Commercial Operations at Genentech. Myrtle has previously served on the boards of Amazon, Express Scripts, Medco Health Solutions, Everyday Health, among others. Her extensive knowledge and experience bringing the world-class healthcare products to market will be invaluable as we scale our organization.
As Guardant grows, I continue to be amazed by the incredible talent we are bringing on board, joining our efforts to bring the best products to market as we strive to provide patients across all stages of cancer with access to the latest advancements in precision oncology. I will now turn the call over to AmirAli Talasaz to provide an update on screening.
Thanks, Helmy. At Guardant, we've always believed that a blood-based screening test during wellness checkups has the potential to guard us against cancer. Blood-based screening is simple, reduces the need for patient follow-through, it's much easier to integrate into health system workflows, expand accessibility to underserved communities, and would likely improve the compliance to screening tests. That said, the complexities of malignant disease, the imperfect nature of screening tests, and the morbidity associated with follow-on diagnostics mean that early detection does not intrinsically confer positive net health benefits. The net health benefit of early detection versus potential harm from unnecessary screening and follow-on diagnostic procedures varies for different cancer types. For instance, a large study showed that while it was possible to find ovarian cancer early, the long-term outcomes sadly were no different for cancers detected early versus later, at least based on the current interventions.
In some hematologic malignancies, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, early chemotherapy confers no survival benefit to patients diagnosed in the early stages and may introduce significant psychological and even financial distress for a condition in which no treatment is required. Some investigators have applied blood-based screening, even low sensitivity tests, in a one-size-fits-all approach regardless of cancer type, with the presumption that early detection is always positive. In contrast, at Guardant Health, our focus is to develop a highly accurate blood test to screen for cancer types where early detection can offer a clear net population health benefit. We started our screening program with CRC, where the patient compliance rate to screening remains stubbornly at 66% in a disease where screening reduces the risk of death by 62%.
In addition, we believe that developing a highly sensitive blood test was feasible, and the regulatory approval and reimbursement pathways were clear. We launched ECLIPSE, our prospective registrational study, in November 2019 and made excellent progress over the past 24 months amidst the backdrop of a global pandemic and its impact on overall colonoscopy screening procedures. I'm so proud of our team who have worked tirelessly to continue patient enrollment and have kept us on track to hit our original timeline set back in 2019. We expect to hit our target patient enrollment in the coming weeks. Shortly after target enrollment is achieved, we are planning to start running the collected samples in our lab while we continue to collect colonoscopy reports and centralized pathology reports of disease cases in parallel. We expect to have the trial readouts in mid-2022.
Through ECLIPSE, our team has developed core competencies running a large registrational study, and I believe this expertise will prove invaluable as we move on to additional cancer types. We are also making great progress building our commercial infrastructure to launch our screening product and are on track to launch the LDT version of our CRC screening assay in the first half of 2022. We expect to launch the IVD version of the assay in 2023, pending successful FDA review and approval. Recently, our collaborators at Samsung Medical Center presented updated data at the American College of Gastroenterology annual scientific meeting. This was a retrospective study that used biobank samples from individuals with known CRC, where 37% of individuals were asymptomatic.
In the study, researchers evaluated the performance of our test in an expanded cohort of 699 patients with known CRC and found the test achieved an overall sensitivity of 96% with 94% specificity. In patients with stage one and two CRCs, the test offered 93% overall sensitivity. Additionally, our test identified 90% of patients with asymptomatic stage one or two CRC. Now, looking beyond CRC to our opportunity with multi-cancer screening. Our focus is to develop blood-based screening for cancers where lives can be saved. Our differentiated core technology platform, which leverages combined analysis of genomic, methylation, and fragmentomic signatures within cell-free DNA, has the potential to detect many cancers at their earliest stages. We have developed a new generation of our high-sensitivity sequencing assay for evaluation of cell-free DNA across multiple tumor types.
This new assay uses a custom targeted 16 megabase panel to enrich cell-free DNA across a set of highly informative regions in order to detect the presence of tumor-derived signals while maintaining low sequencing cost per sample. In addition, we also utilize epigenetic signatures to evaluate tissue of origin or TO of cancer. We evaluated the performance of the assay in a pilot study using a biobank cohort of 191 treatment-naive lung cancer patients and 1,576 cancer-free individuals. The assay demonstrated high sensitivity for detecting lung cancer cases for both early and late-stage disease while maintaining 95% specificity. Our sensitivity of detecting stage one and two cancers was 78% and further increased to 93% in late-stage patients, stage three and four.
Importantly, we observed even higher performance with sensitivity of 95% for stage I-II in lung squamous cell carcinoma cases, which is a more aggressive form of lung cancer frequently found in smokers. To evaluate the accuracy of tissue of origin prediction, we have developed a classification model distinguishing lung cancer patients from patients with colorectal and breast cancers. Overall, the model correctly identified TOO for 90% of detected lung cancer patients. We are thrilled by our progress in lung cancer screening. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. The evidence-based screening guidelines recommend annual lung cancer screening for high-risk individuals. However, the screening compliance study demonstrate gross underutilization as only around 14% of people eligible for screening are up to date with screening recommendations. We believe lung cancer is a great clinical indication candidate for our screening tests.
To validate the performance of our assay in a lung cancer screening cohort, we have designed a new prospective registrational study called SHIELD. SHIELD is a single-arm clinical validation study designed to provide regulatory-grade evidence for the accuracy of our blood-based assay in individuals between the ages of 50- 80 who undergo standard of care screening for lung cancer using low-dose CT scanning. As per USPSTF recommendations, all subjects enrolled in SHIELD will be high risk for lung cancer and either current or former smokers. We are targeting enrollment of nearly 10,000 individuals. We expect to begin enrollment in December 2021 and to complete enrollment within 36 months. We believe the promise of blood-based cancer screening is quickly becoming a reality, and we see a brighter future for humanity by improving population health.
A successful readout of our ECLIPSE trial will open up a $20 billion screening opportunity in colorectal cancer and SHIELD, along with other future studies, will open up opportunities in lung and additional cancer types, paving the way toward a total addressable screening market of more than $50 billion. I am confident about our strategy in developing blood-based tests for screening market, not just in CRC, but also in multi-cancer screening. With that, I will now turn the call over to Mike for more details of our financials and outlook for the remainder of 2021.
Thanks, AmirAli. Total revenue for the third quarter of 2021 was $94.8 million, up 27% from $74.6 million in the prior year quarter. This increase was primarily driven by strong growth in both clinical and biopharma sample volumes. Total precision oncology testing revenue for the third quarter was a record high of $79.3 million, with a growth of 31% compared to $60.4 million in the prior year quarter. Precision oncology revenue from clinical tests in the third quarter was $61.3 million, up 27% from $48.3 million for the prior year quarter. Third quarter clinical test volume was 22,806, which is an increase of 35% from the prior year quarter.
Blended clinical ASP for the third quarter of 2021 was $2,689, which was above our estimate due to an improvement in ASP for Guardant360 CDx, where the team has done an excellent job ensuring payers were well prepared for the new ADLT code and have efficiently processed claims. We are seeing solid traction for our new clinical products, Reveal, TissueNext, and Response, and we expect their volumes to continue to increase with time. However, we don't expect these new products to significantly contribute to revenue until we receive Medicare and private payer reimbursement. Therefore, whilst we expect Guardant360 LDT and CDx ASPs to continue at similar levels, we expect the blended clinical ASP will be impacted as we await reimbursement of the new products.
Precision oncology revenue from biopharma samples in the third quarter totaled $17.9 million, up 49% from $12.0 million for the prior year quarter. Biopharma volume was strong, with third quarter samples totaling 4,839, up 58% from the prior year quarter. We are very pleased with the healthy rebound, and we are still on track for low double-digit volume growth for 2021. Biopharma sample ASP was approximately $3,700, down 5% from approximately $3,900 in the prior year period, but improved from the second quarter of 2021 due to the Omni and Guardant360 mix. Development services and other revenue in the third quarter totaled $15.5 million, up 9% from the prior year quarter.
While we are continuing to see strong overall demand for development services, several projects have recently been completed or are soon to be completed, and we expect some near-term lumpiness in this revenue line related to the timing of project milestones and other contractual arrangements. As a result, we expect that our development services and other revenue may be sequentially lower in the fourth quarter, and as new projects take time to ramp up, this is likely to persist into next year. Gross profit for the third quarter of 2021 was $64.0 million compared to a gross profit of $53.4 million in the same period of the prior year. Gross margin was in line with our expectations, and in the third quarter was 67% compared to 68% in the second quarter of 2021 and 72% in the prior year quarter.
Operating expenses for the third quarter of 2021 were $171.3 million, an increase of 34% compared to $127.6 million in the third quarter of 2020. Non-GAAP operating expenses exclude stock-based compensation and related employer payroll tax payments, acquisition-related expenses, amortization of intangible assets, and changes in fair value of contingent consideration. Non-GAAP operating expenses for the third quarter of 2021 were $135.1 million, an 88% increase from $71.8 million in the prior year quarter.
2021 has been a year of significant investment, and we expect operating expenses to continue to accelerate for the remainder of the year as we invest in our LUNAR program, ECLIPSE study, and other development activities, and in our screening business as we prepare for the planned launch of the LDT version of our CRC screening assay in the first half of 2022. Net loss was $107.5 million, or $1.06 per share for the third quarter of 2021, compared to $77.7 million, or $0.78 per share in the third quarter of 2020. Non-GAAP net loss was $70.5 million or $0.70 per share for the third quarter of 2021, compared to $15.4 million or $0.15 per share for the third quarter of 2020.
Adjusted EBITDA was a loss of $65.2 million in the third quarter of 2021, compared to a $14.1 million loss in the third quarter of 2020. We define adjusted EBITDA as non-GAAP net loss adjusted for interest, income tax, depreciation, amortization, and other income and expense. We ended the third quarter of 2021 with $1.7 billion in cash equivalents, and marketable securities. As Helmy mentioned, on November 1, 2021, we elected to exercise our call right to purchase the 50% of the Guardant Health AMEA joint venture shares that we do not currently own.
As a result, we have initiated the process stipulated in the joint venture agreement to determine the purchase price, which at a minimum will be an amount that yields a 20% internal rate of return on the $41 million capital invested by SoftBank in May 2018. We currently fully consolidate the joint venture business in our financial statements, and as such, the effect of exercising the call right will be to adjust the fair value of the redeemable non-controlling interest liability on our balance sheet to be equal to the purchase price of 50% of the joint venture and to reflect that adjustment on the income statement. As we exercised the call right on November 1, there was no impact to the fair value of $59.4 million as of September 30, 2021.
We expect to complete the purchase before the end of the second quarter of 2022. Now, turning to our revenue outlook for the full year 2021. We continue to expect revenue to be between $360 million and $370 million, representing growth of approximately 27% over 2020 at the midpoint. We experienced some COVID-related impacts to clinical volumes during the third quarter with respect to field sales access to oncologists and tightened restrictions internationally. We saw a recovery in September and into October as compared to a relatively weaker August, but continue to see an impact on oncology office visits and sales force access in the U.S. and across our global business. While we expect clinical volumes to grow compared to this quarter, we continue to be cautious given the uncertainty around the impact of COVID-19.
Despite this, we are expecting quarterly clinical volumes to finish the year strongly and grow approximately 40% year-over-year in the fourth quarter of this year. We have made great strides this year as we continue to broaden our oncology product portfolio and expand our reach into this cancer screening market. We are aggressively pursuing the best opportunities ahead, and we are confident that we will be a leader in cancer across the continuum of care. At this point, we will open up the call for questions.
Thank you. We will now proceed to the Q&A. If you would like to ask a question, you can press star one on your telephone keypad. If you would like to withdraw your question, you can press star two. Please note we will only be taking one question and one follow-up from each person. Thank you. Our first question today comes from Puneet Souda from SVB Leerink. Puneet, your line is now open.
Hi, Helmy. Emma Early. Thanks for taking the question. First one on ECLIPSE. Just wanted to clarify in terms of enrollment versus completion or collection of the samples and also the completion of colonoscopies here. You said you'll finish enrollment here in the next few weeks. Is there any reason you would need to increase the enrollment of the trial at this stage? Really, I mean, asking that because there are now two CRC screening trials in the space where they have to increase the enrollment to over 20,000 patients and extend their trial timing. Just wanna clarify in terms of completion of samples and collection samples and colonoscopies. I just wanna make sure that there is no reason to expand from what you're seeing currently.
You know, your enrollment is going to stay intact at 13,000, and given the event rate that you're seeing so far.
Yeah. Thank you, Puneet, for your question. Yeah, as you may know, actually, these studies are powered based on the number of CRC and that basically we need to identify in these prospective registrational studies. As we elaborated in our last earnings call, when we increased the target enrollment from 10,000 to about 13,000, that was based on some of the intermediate readouts of the CRC incidence that we've seen so far for patients that have finished the colonoscopy, and we have the colonoscopy reports, and their CRC were confirmed. Based on all the data that we've seen, we felt comfortable that actually we need to increase enrollment target from 10,000 to 13,000.
Since then, still, our prevalence and CRC incidence remain the same, so we believe based on all the information we have right now, we feel very comfortable that 13,000 is the right target enrollment for us. I cannot obviously comment about other companies' trials, but, you know, probably actually maybe what's getting experienced is maybe how well the sites have been selected for the trials, what's the expected prevalence of CRC in different locations, different geo. I think there are a bunch of factors there that potentially helped Guardant. You know, as you may remember, during early days of COVID, in fact, we doubled down on our screening study instead of slowing it down. During those days, in fact, we went and we secured some additional high-throughput, high prevalence kind of sites into our study.
You know, I know well the data that we are seeing at Guardant, and you know, definitely I cannot comment about other trials out there.
That's great. No, they're very helpful. For my follow-up, I know it's early to talk about the reimbursement in the SHIELD for the SHIELD trial, or the SHIELD assay when it emerges out of the trial, but could you maybe just talk about where potentially how are you thinking about sort of the pricing of this assay, and what is the regulatory pathway here and the guidelines inclusion pathway that you need in order to get this screening test onto the market? Thank you.
Yes. On the lung screening side, that's been something that we very well studied during last couple of years. You know, always the criteria that we use for selecting our next indication is multifactor. You know, it's really biology technology, but also reimbursement pathway and regulatory pathway. As such, we believe lung, in fact, is a great second candidate for us. Obviously, not the only candidate, but a great one. As we make more progress toward this program and initiative, definitely we would keep you posted. But based on conversations that we had and research that we have done, we believe we know actually what we have to do to really take such device through hopefully successful FDA review and also, you know, for Medicare review. As we make more progress, definitely we will keep you guys posted.
Great. Thank you.
Thank you, Puneet. Our next question comes from Brian Weinstein from William Blair. Brian, your line is now open.
Great. Thank you so much, and thanks for taking the questions, guys. Good afternoon. AmirAli, we've kind of talked about this in the past, but given the recent data a couple of weeks ago from ACG, I just wanted to go back into the concept of the representation of sensitivity in that trial versus what we should be thinking about relative to your bar for ECLIPSE, not the bar for the FDA, but kind of where you think things are gonna come in relative to thinking about degradation in the pivotal versus the case control. You know, how representative do you think that case control study really was when thinking about what we should be thinking about relative to ECLIPSE? Hopefully, that made sense.
Yeah, absolutely. Let me start with saying that Eclipse is like one kind of study. You know, if you know, other kind of analysis, biobank studies could really completely you know, show the performance that we are gonna see in Eclipse. We don't need to do this prospective two-year study of you know, sample collection of Eclipse and run it. Having said that, throughout the years actually, since 2019, we tried to derisk the technology on our assay in the cohorts that can mimic as closely to the screening population that we are gonna get in Eclipse. I think the closest, although it's not exactly the same, are these asymptomatic patients with early-stage CRC that you know, we are basically seeing the performance of our assay. We talked about the limitation of those data.
Definitely we are very excited and actually thrilled with the performance of our assay, and we are kind of very optimistic of what we are gonna see in ECLIPSE. According to the comments I always mention, ECLIPSE is ECLIPSE, so we have to just wait. You know, we are just very few months away from really getting this data from ECLIPSE. All the signs that we are seeing so far in general gives us a lot of confidence, but we have to see what ECLIPSE is gonna have for us at the end when we run that cohort.
Okay, great. As a follow-up, you know, we've been monitoring the job posting sites, and you guys are clearly building an organization in advance of the launch of that product in LDT next year. Can you just give us any idea about the type of sales force that you're looking to have here, be it size, be it qualifications, where you're gonna be getting people from, any kind of information on that I think would be helpful. Thank you.
Yeah, absolutely. We're very excited about actually 2022. You know, it's gonna be a year for us that we are gonna go after a bunch of market-shaping activities. Really, our goal is to do the right investment that once we have FDA approval in 2023, we can maximize the market adoption at that time. We are building a sales channel accordingly to meet the objectives that we have in this market-shaping phase of our commercial phase. You know, it ranges from engagement with bunch of high-value stakeholders that can basically help, you know, set the right framework for blood-based screening to be used in proper way in health system and also, you know, bunch of early adopters on the PCP side.
Also, we are gonna engage heavily with bunch of health systems and try to get bunch of engagements when we are really on the post LDT validation of our test to really integrate the blood-based screening assay into procedures, workflows, and systems that these healthcare systems have. That would be our activity in 2022, and we are gonna do appropriate investment to have sizable commercial channel to really go after those opportunities for us.
Okay. Thank you, Brian. Our next question is from Derik DeBruin from Bank of America. Derek, your line is now open.
Hi. Good afternoon. Just the first question I think is on the OUS expansion. I mean, you're making some big pushes into Spain and the U.K., and obviously there's the JV purchase. How should we think about, you know, the-- particularly in the Spain and U.K. situations, what were sort of the volumes, you know, that liquid biopsy we're doing now, what's revenue through there, and how do you sort of think this changes the utilization going forward? And when do you see the OUS revenues becoming material?
I think, Derik, thanks for the question. You know, I think a lot of what you're seeing is we're laying the groundwork for what we believe are the critical inflection points for OUS volume, which is specifically public reimbursement in each country, in each respective country. You know, that we believe that the approach that we're taking where we partner with you know, some of the leading institutions and thought leaders in each region is an approach that can accelerate you know, the progress towards that goal.
We're seeing a fantastic, you know, I think, traction with you know, the studies that we're doing, with the volumes that we're doing in key academic centers in the EU five and a lot of Latin America and certainly with our joint venture in Japan and you know, many other countries in the region. You know, I think you're gonna see more of that as we really turn our focus from you know, being a largely U.S. clinical volume driven company to one that really has a global leadership in this space.
Speaking of clinical volumes, can you discuss what the contribution was from Reveal this quarter?
Yeah. Hi, so it's Mike here. You know, we're not breaking out the volumes between the different products now. As we get more products, you know, there's gonna be more impact from those newly launched products. You know, I think we've been really pleased with Reveal from the start of the launch back in February. You know, it's going as well as or better than we expected. We're really pleased with that. Yeah, we're not breaking out those volumes at the moment.
Thank you.
Thank you, Derik. Our next question is from Jack Meehan from Nephron. Jack, your line is now open.
Thank you. Good afternoon. I wanted to dig in a little bit more on the recent data at ACG, just comparing that versus the data set that was presented at ASCO, and I think it was similar group. The sensitivity improved from 91%-95%. I was curious if you could just elaborate on what drove the performance improvement. Was it just related to the incremental samples that were included? Have you made any performance improvements to the test? Again, just trying to think about how this translates to the prospective data.
Yeah, sure. Actually, the cohort that got presented ACG by our partners in Samsung Medical Center, where they expanded a cohort that some of the earlier data got submitted earlier in the year and was presented in ASCO, it's the single biggest cohort data that basically data got published so far by one of our partners. In terms of what are the factors that went into the performance improvements, you know, I look at all these numbers are basically in the same ballpark from my perspective. Definitely the cohort size was expanded and, you know, one thing that we have in our assay, you know, although our assay is the same on the algorithm side, everything is based on training and learning.
You know, definitely over time when we generate more and more data and historical data just so the performance is gonna get improved over time. That's the nature of learning-based systems. You know, all those kind of improvements would be really at best marginal. I don't expect like, you know, even from now till at the time we run ECLIPSE, we are gonna see a significant jump in the performance. Over time, as more data gets generated and get fit into our algorithm side, definitely the training is based on more kind of samples, representation of all kind of smaller subpopulation. In theory, you can expect maybe performance gets up, you know, better slightly, but very marginally from my perspective.
Got it. As a follow-up, there were some headlines in the quarter around M&A. I was curious if you could just weigh in on your thoughts around, you know, continuing to forge ahead with the organic strategy versus maybe the benefits of doing something, you know, in terms of more of a big deal?
Yeah, no, thanks for the question. You know, we have an extensive team we've built, you know, around corporate development. We obviously have a lot of cash in the bank and, you know, I think, we'd like to use it for something that makes sense, you know, potentially. You know, as you mentioned, our bar is very high. We're very excited about the organic opportunities we have, you know, about our pipeline, about the progress we're making. We've launched, you know, a whole host of products over the last 12 months into the market and have obviously some pretty breakthrough products planned for the coming quarters and years.
The bar, you know, is understandably very high, but at the same time, you know, we're open to anything that can enhance our technology platform, that enhance our commercial channel, that enhance our data offerings. We're always gonna be focused on those things that make sense for the long term that continue to really bolster and enhance our growth prospects. We're not really gonna compromise on that.
Thank you.
Thank you, Jack. Our next question comes from Matt Sykes from Goldman Sachs. Matt, your line is now open.
Thank you. Thanks for taking my question to everybody. I just have one question to follow up. I'll do it all in one go. Just on OpEx, maybe for you, Mike, obviously a step up year-over-year and sequentially, and you guys talked about where some of that is going in terms of the commercial capabilities. I'm just wondering in terms of trends that you can kind of call out in terms of what we should expect as an elevated level of CapEx. I know, Mike, you said it will likely continue through this year, but as we enter into this year, was anything pulled forward or accelerated in that aspect?
Secondarily on that, can you kind of talk about labor cost component as a portion of that, OpEx increase, if that's material, if at all? Thanks.
Yeah, I would say, first of all, Matt, I mean, nothing has really been brought forward. I think everything that we've done in our OpEx through the year has been well planned out. You know, throughout the year, we plan to increase the size of the commercial team on the oncology. You know, we mentioned that that's now at over 250 people, so that's more than doubled in the last twelve months. As we come in towards the back end of the year and into next year, we start to build up our commercial team on the screening side, getting ready for the LDT launch.
Yeah, commercially, you know, that's been really the driver of our OpEx increase this year, and it will too going into next year. On the research and development side, because that's also been a big driver of the increase on OpEx. Obviously we've got ongoing studies with ECLIPSE. You know, we announced earlier the ORACLE study and the SHIELD study that are commencing. They'll be, they'll come into effect next year. You know, we continue to innovate and develop new products. Again, we launched 3 new products this year. You know, we're continuing on that spend. We expect research and development spend also just to continue to drive those initiatives next year.
On the personnel piece, without breaking that out specifically on the percentage, yeah, I mean, we've obviously seen that increase. Again, I mentioned the additional people on the commercial on both oncology and on screening. That's becoming, you know, a grower for us, and we're investing in people and growing the size of the organization. We're also building out the infrastructure of the business as well. Yeah, that's also a driving force for our OpEx increase.
Great. Thanks very much. I'll hop back in the queue.
Thank you, Matt. Our next question comes from Patrick Donnelly from Citi. Patrick, your line is now open.
Thank you. Helmy, maybe one for you just on the volume side. You know, it sounds like September and October recovered pretty nicely from August. I think you're talking about a 40% volume increase in Q4. Can you just talk about, you know, the cadence as we went through the quarter and even in October, you know, your confidence level, things are stable to obviously pointing up here as we enter into 2022. Just trying to get comfortable with the volume piece. It sounds like you guys, you know, are a little more confident relative to last quarter, certainly.
Yeah, no, thanks for the question. Yeah, I think you know, the good news was you know, some of the early warning signs we saw you know, I think at the last call kind of dissipated or at least stabilized. It seems like there's been a sort of new normal out there with Delta obviously still a concern, but not really causing any kind of increased closures or increases of restricted access. It's sort of you know, it's still restricted, it's still not like it was pre-COVID. But the good news, it's not getting worse. You know, we just have seen great traction with our sales teams, with our products and so on.
We, you know, are hopeful this means good momentum going into 2022.
Okay. That's helpful. On Shield, might be one for Mike, I apologize if I missed it, but do you guys break out, you know, what you think the study will cost? I know you talked about 10,000 patients, maybe three years enrollment. But if you could just talk about the cost side, that'd be helpful. Thank you.
Yeah. No, we don't break out the costs of individual studies. Obviously, you know, this is a multi-year study, large number of patients. You know, it'll be a sizable amount or spread over the next few years. It's similar level to Eclipse. Yeah, we're not sort of breaking out each individual study and giving those costs.
Understood. Thanks, guys.
Thank you, Patrick. Our next question is from Julia Qin from JP Morgan. Julia, your line is now open.
Hi, good afternoon. Just to follow up on Reveal, I know you're not ready to quantify the volume contribution in a quarter, but just qualitatively, you know, is Reveal uptake so far mainly within biopharma users or are you seeing equal traction for clinical customers? Are you still expecting LCD coverage by year end?
In terms of the last piece, I think that's still our expectation as it pertains to reimbursement. I would say for you know, volume, we're seeing good traction on both sides. We're seeing you know, clinical volumes really grow nicely, and then the same thing on the biopharma side. We're seeing really the platform and the tests really I think resonate with a lot of our pharma customers. Obviously as we continue to grow our user base and customer base on the biopharma side, we see ample opportunities ahead for good traction for all of our products, including Reveal.
Got it. On an M&A front, just dovetailing on a previous question, I know you didn't really rule out the potential to grow your sales channel inorganically. Just thinking about your priorities, like how important is it for you guys to acquire a channel in the community oncology setting at this point in time versus, you know, building it out organically during this time period where you're waiting for guidelines and reimbursement to fall in place?
You know, I mean, I think we broke out our growth in the community setting, I think in this in the prepared remarks, and we're growing faster in the community than we are in academic. That's really the area of you know most success for us. It's something we're you know very very confident about. You can see you know the great performance we had in Q3 and you know heading into you know Q4 we believe on the on the clinical side. We're very confident you know about that. Like I said you know I think in the previous question, when we think about you know different M&A you know opportunities potentially, it's not about you know the short term or what's happening in the business now.
It's about what it means for the business 3-5 years from now. Yeah, right now we're very confident with both the mix of products we have, our offering, and the success we're having in our commercial channel.
Thank you.
Thank you, Julia. Our next question comes from Tejas Savant from Morgan Stanley. Tejas, your line is now open.
Hey guys, this is Edmund on for Tejas. Thank you for taking my questions. I guess a couple on biopharma volume from me. Volume trends appear to be looking very strong, but I was wondering if you guys could benchmark what you're seeing in terms of sample volumes, relative to pre-pandemic levels. What is your backlog of work looking like heading into 2022?
It's Mike here. Yeah, I think, you know, we're sort of recovering now from the depths of the pandemic impact. I think, you know, we're
We're back to levels where we were before that. As we, you know, forecast going out towards the end of the year, I think we just see that rebound getting stronger and stronger. No, that's very positive for us, and I think we're yeah back above the pre-pandemic levels.
In terms of backlog of work heading into next year, can you give some color on what that looks like?
Backlog of work, I mean, we don't generally break out a dollar value of backlog of work. As you know, I think, on the biopharma side, there's definitely a backlog. We look at the pipeline, and we look at going into 2022. I think we look at that as being a continued strong volume coming out of Q4 into Q1. You know, specifically breaking out that and giving a number, we don't generally do that.
No, that's helpful. A follow-up for you, Mike. On that, mix SKU you saw in terms of volume, shifting away from GuardantOMNI in Q2, I'm not sure if you explained this, but what drove that? It seems to be normalizing, but just trying to understand what happened here and if it's gonna be something we should be looking out for in the future.
Could you repeat the question from the start? I missed the first piece.
Sorry about that. On the volume mix skewing away from GuardantOMNI in the second quarter, that seems to have normalized a bit, this quarter, but I was just wondering what was the underlying driver for that?
That sort of changes every quarter. If you look at our ASP on the biopharma side, it does fluctuate quarter to quarter. Obviously it just depends on what's been sort of processed and what samples we receive for that quarter. Yeah, we had a shift this quarter versus last towards more GuardantOMNI. There's no sort of definitive driver that's changing that. There's no real trend to look at. I think it just fluctuates on a quarterly basis.
Got it. Thank you very much.
Thank you, Edmund. Our next question comes from David Westenberg from Guggenheim Securities. David, your line is now open.
Hi, thank you for taking the question. I wanted to focus on the community oncologists. You highlighted the growth there. Are there any initiatives there that you wanna highlight? Then as we look to the next 3-5 years, what do you think the magnitude of growth is gonna be in the community oncologists versus the academic setting? That's all the questions I have.
I think when you think about how the market is segmented, it's you know often thought to be about 80% in the community. Our mix is well over I think 60% community now, so there's more growth to be had there. It's certainly an area of focus for us. You know I think there are a number of reasons why I think we're doing well there. I think it's you just need a critical mass to be able to address really the distributed nature of the community setting. We've really expanded the commercial team over the last year and especially with the launch of Reveal.
It's not just the commercial team, but it's also the medical affairs team that is very critical in really having that you know those genomic specialists and medical thought partners to be able to help with interpretation of results and feedback on test reports. That's something that we invested in very early on, and we continue to invest in as well. Finally, it's the service offering, really being able to provide you know customer service experience, a white glove service that really makes our portfolio and our company an extension of the offices that are out there. That's something we're very committed to.
As you can see, as we continue to expand, the types of products we offer, you know, like the nature of the products we have as they all start working together, we believe, we'll be more and more sticky in the community setting, especially where blood is really, you know, much, much, you know, simpler to be able to offer a best possible precision medicine and care without needing really the logistical hassles that tissue represents in terms of working with a whole host of other medical professionals that may not be on site. Blood really does empower the community oncologists and helps keep patients close to home as they desire to do.
Thank you.
Thank you, David. Our next question comes from Lu Li from Wells Fargo. Lu, your line is now open.
Thank you for taking my questions. I think just one question. Can you please possibly to frame like the early impact of the Guardant360 Response on the volumes of what sells, and then what's your expectation for 2022?
Well, again, I think like for Reveal and TissueNext, you know, all of the products that we've launched this year, we're really pleased with how they've been received and how they've been utilized. You know, again, the volume that we're seeing, we're very pleased with and it's in line with our expectations. Again, you know, we have this now, you know, multi-products on the clinical side, and we're not breaking out the volumes. Obviously, you know, the main growth driver for us continues to be Guardant360, LDT, and CDx. From a revenue perspective
You know, the vast majority of our revenue is coming from those two sort of fully reimbursed products.
Got it. Makes sense. Just maybe final question, Sean. How do you thinking about, like, the market share at this point, any impact from competition from other players? Just wanted to get a sense about how you're thinking about the market dynamics. Thank you.
Yeah, that's a great question. In terms of all the metrics we track, you know, we believe we've never really been in a better position than we have now. We continue to make great progress. We think we have, you know, great performance from a share of voice perspective. We continue to invest, you know, not just in our products, but our commercial offering and commercial channel as well. We feel very good in all the areas that we compete today. We're gonna continue to invest more as we continue to have success.
Thank you.
Thank you, Lu. Our final question comes from Dan Arias from Stifel. Dan, your line is now open.
Hey, guys. This is Daniel Mesa. I'm for Dan Arias. First, just a clarification for AmirAli. I think I heard the ECLIPSE readout is expected in the first half of the year. I just wanted to make sure I heard that right. If so, I'm just curious if there's a possibility of that reading out sooner. For Mike on ASPs, the expected blended average is lower with the new products, but is your expectation that the issue with the private payers and that new ADLT code is largely worked through?
I know you mentioned you said that your teams are working on that, so I'm just trying to get a feel for if, maybe that's something that is less of an issue going forward. Thanks.
Okay. This is Amir. I'm starting first about first question. We expect to actually reach our target enrollment for ECLIPSE in you know very next few weeks. Very you know we are just we're almost done. It's gonna be shortly we are gonna get to our target enrollment. In terms of the data readouts, we expect it to be mid-2022. Mid of next year. I'm gonna give it to Mike.
On the ASPs, I mean, firstly with LDT and CDx, actually we had very strong ASPs this quarter. You know, I think we'd guided to $2,600, and it was getting closer to $2,700. Basically, the blended ASP was $2,689. So really strong. To the ADLT issues, I would say they're pretty much flushed through now. The team has done a great job in actually getting payers prepared for that code. We've seen a lot less friction in the system than we thought that we would see. There was strong ASPs.
I think as we go into the end of the year, and we sort of flagged that in the remarks earlier, you know, as our newer products start to gain traction, we'll see some impact on that overall blended ASP. While we see LDT and CDX rates, you know, above the 2,600 level, you know, probably at the blended level, we'll start to see that overall come down a little bit each quarter. It'll take time to get the full reimbursement from Medicare and private payers before we can start seeing the uplift. I think the message is for CDX and LDT that those issues are flushed through and very strong ASPs.
Okay. Appreciate it, guys. Thanks.
Thank you, Dan. That concludes the Q&A session for today. Thank you for all joining today's call. You may now disconnect.