Good morning, welcome to everyone on today's call and our webcast. Before I turn the call over to Sam, let me remind everyone that should today's call contain any forward-looking statements are based on management's current expectations. Numerous risks, uncertainties, and other factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those that might be expressed today. Many of these factors are listed in today's press release and in our various SEC filings. Several other factors that will determine the company's future results are beyond the ability of the company to control or predict. In light of the significant uncertainties inherent in any forward-looking statement, you should not place undue reliance on these statements. The company undertakes no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or future events.
On this morning's call, we may reference measures such as adjusted EBITDA and net income attributable to HCA Healthcare, Inc., excluding losses or gains on sales of facilities, which are non-GAAP financial measures. A table providing supplemental information on adjusted EBITDA and reconciling to net income attributable to HCA Healthcare, Inc., to adjusted EBITDA is included in today's third quarter earnings release. This morning's call is being recorded and a replay of the call will be available later today. I will now turn the call over to Sam Hazen.
Good morning, and thank you for joining us today. Earlier today, we reported very solid results for the third quarter. The third quarter's results were generally comparable to our performance in the first six months of the year. The results were driven by strong revenue growth and good expense management. Revenue increased more than $1.2 billion, or 11% in the quarter. This increase was driven by a combination of the strongest same facilities growth and volume we have seen in over the past 17 quarters and the revenue from our recent acquisitions. On a same facilities basis, revenue grew by approximately $700 million, or 6.3%. We had broad-based volume growth across most service categories, and it was balanced across our markets with growth in 13 of 14 domestic divisions. On a same facilities basis, inpatient admissions grew 3.2%.
We have now grown our same facilities inpatient admissions in 22 consecutive quarters. Equivalent admissions grew 4.2%. Emergency room visits grew by 4.1%. Inpatient surgeries grew 2.2%, and outpatient surgeries grew by 2.6%. The growth in revenue converted into solid earnings in the quarter, with diluted earnings per share of $2.23, which excludes gains on sales of facilities and the losses on retirement of debt. Adjusted EBITDA grew by 9% to approximately $2.3 billion. The strategic investments we are making in our business to expand our networks and improve our clinical capabilities are creating greater accessibility for patients to receive high-quality, convenient patient care in an HCA Healthcare facility. The most recently available inpatient market share data again showed good growth for the company. We grew by 55 basis points to an all-time high of 25.4%.
Finally, I want to thank our employees and physicians for their great work in delivering high-quality care to our patients. Together, with our employees and physicians, we use the unique capabilities and scale of HCA Healthcare to make a difference in the communities we serve by giving people a healthier tomorrow. With that, let me turn the call over to Bill.
Thank you, Sam, and good morning, everyone. I will cover some additional information relating to the third quarter results. As Sam mentioned, virtually all of our operating statistics for the quarter were solid, and I'll provide some additional information. During the third quarter, same-facility Medicare admissions increased 3.1%, and equivalent admissions increased 4.5%. This includes both traditional and managed Medicare. Same-facility Medicaid admissions increased 4.5%, and equivalent admissions increased 4.6% in the third quarter compared to the prior year. Our same-facility managed care admissions increased 3.4%, and equivalent admissions increased 3.6% in the third quarter compared to the prior year. Same-facility self-pay and charity admissions increased 2.1%, and equivalent admissions increased 3.5% for the third quarter compared to the prior year. Same-facility emergency room visits increased 4.1% in the quarter.
Our Level I through III visits increased 2%, while our higher acuity Level IV and V visits increased 5.8% over the prior year. In addition, admissions to the emergency room increased 3.4% over the prior year. Same-facility net revenue per equivalent admission for our domestic operations grew 2.2% over the prior year in the quarter, and year to date has grown 2.7%, in line with our guidance range for the year. Same-facility inpatient surgeries grew 2.2%, and our outpatient surgeries grew 2.6% in the quarter over the prior year. Let me move on to operating expenses. We had another solid quarter of expense management. Our same store margins increased 40 basis points in the quarter, and our same-facility operating expenses per equivalent admissions grew 1.5% in the quarter compared to the prior year. Our same-facility labor costs per adjusted admission grew 1.9% in the quarter.
Same-facility hour generally rate grew 2.7% in the quarter versus the prior year. We continue to see labor productivity improvements.
Same-facility supply costs per equivalent admission grew 0.9% over the prior year period. Same-facility other operating expenses per adjusted admission increased 0.7% compared to the prior year. During the third quarter, the company recognized a favorable professional liability reserve adjustment of $50 million based on our updated actuarial assessment. This compares to the $70 million favorable adjustment recognized in last year's third quarter. Also during the quarter, the company recorded an additional $30 million in share-based compensation expense. Our recent acquisitions also had another solid quarter, outperforming our expectations. The acquisitions had an approximate 80-basis point unfavorable impact on consolidated margins in the quarter. Let me take a moment to talk about cash flow. Cash flow from operations continues to be strong. Cash flow from operations totaled $2.13 billion, versus $1.72 billion in the third quarter of last year.
Capital spending for the quarter was $1.14 billion, in line with our expectations. During the quarter, we redeemed $4.95 billion aggregate principal amount of senior secured notes. Pre-tax losses on retirement of debt totaling $211 million for these redemptions were recorded during the quarter. During the quarter, we paid $239 million to repurchase 1.846 million shares, and we had $1.5 billion of repurchase authorization remaining as of September 30, 2019. Also, as mentioned in our release this morning, our board of directors has declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.40 per share. At the end of the quarter, we had $2.7 billion available under our revolving credit facilities, and our debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio was 3.56 times.
Earnings per share excluding gains on sales of facilities and losses on retirement of debt was $2.23 in the third quarter of this year versus $2.16 in the third quarter of last year. The adjustment to the professional liability reserve accounted for $0.11 of EPS this year versus $0.15 last year. Share-based compensation expense equated to $0.23 this year and $0.15 last year. We also recorded $0.08 of EPS in 2018 due to some hurricane tax credits. Finally, the excess tax benefit for share-based compensation was $0.01 this year versus $0.07 last year. As noted in our release, we updated our full year 2019 guidance with projected adjusted EBITDA to range between $9.65 billion-$9.85 billion, and projected earnings per share to range between $10.30-$10.65. We anticipate capital spending to approximate $3.8 billion.
That concludes my remarks, and let me turn the call back over to Sam.
Before we go to questions, I want to give you some preliminary thoughts around 2020. While it is always difficult to predict with certainty the various components of our business, we believe the overall fundamentals in our markets and primary drivers of growth remain strong. We also believe we are well-positioned to capitalize on this favorable environment as we continue to execute our operational initiatives, improve the competitive positioning of our networks with capital spending, and integrate our acquired hospitals. As a result, in 2020, subject to our usual assumptions, we believe core operations should grow organically near the mid to upper part of our long-term growth expectations, and we believe the acquisitions we have completed should push our growth rate slightly above the top of our long-term growth expectations.
We will be wrapping up our budgeting process over the next few months, and we look forward to sharing our detailed guidance with you in January. Let me turn the call over to Mark for questions.
All right. Thank you, Sam. Anna, you may now give instructions to those who'd like to ask a question.
Yes, sir. Thank you. Today's question and answer session will be conducted electronically. Anyone wishing to ask a question may signal by pressing the star key followed by the digit 1 on your touch-tone phone. We would like to ask you to limit yourself to one question. Individuals asking questions should not use speakerphones. Please lift the handset if you are asking a question. We'll now take our first question from A.J. Rice with Credit Suisse.
Hi, everybody. Thanks for the question. I guess I'll just jump off of Sam's comments there. Core growth toward the high end. I want to just verify that the core growth target is roughly 4%-6%. I think this year you're talking about acquisitions contributing to that. I'm pretty sure you guys have been saying that the acquisitions have been contributing about 3%-4% to growth. I'm assuming that would moderate next year. Can you just comment on the trajectory of how those bigger acquisitions will continue to contribute as we look out the next year or two to grow? I assume they'll be incremental for Mission and Savannah for a couple of years.
Thanks, A.J. Bill?
Hey, A.J., this is Bill. Let me take this. Yeah, let me confirm. As you know, we said some time our long-term adjusted EBITDA growth range is between 4%-6%. We think we have a pretty solid track record of performing within that range. Please, recently, we've been at the mid to high end of that range. We're also in a period where acquisition's been contributing to our growth profile. As you mentioned, we anticipated 3%-4% this year. We expect them to continue to the growth of the company, but as you alluded to, likely not at the same rate as this year, as we had first-year performance and continued to turn around some of the performance for a few others.
I think as Sam mentioned, we haven't completed our budget process, but our commentary was trying to give you some direction of where we see operating with our long-term range. We'll provide, obviously, a lot more detail on specifics on our year-end call, but I think with the solid performance of the company this year, we want to provide you some general comments related to early thoughts for 2020.
Okay, thanks.
All right.
Yep.
All right, A.J. Thank you.
We'll take our next question from Whit Mayo with UBS.
Hey, thanks. Bill, you've got the final 2020 inpatient rates and Medicare DSH, we've got the pending outpatient rule. Just sort of curious how the improved pricing environment is sort of shaping your views as you comment on growth at the high end of your long-term guide. Any help around just how internally you guys are thinking about Medicare rates next year would be helpful.
Yeah. This is Bill. We are anticipating a favorable Medicare rate update again this year, pretty comparable to what we're seeing this year, likely in that 2.5%-3% rate update. We do see it being a generally favorable environment relative to the combined Medicare pricing for us next year.
Okay, thanks.
Yep. Thanks, Whit.
Our next question comes from Joshua Raskin with Nephron Research.
Hi, thanks. Good morning. A question around the CapEx and sort of impact that you guys are getting. It feels like we're kind of in year three of this recent acceleration in CapEx. Obviously, this year you're going to be running even higher than you have in recent years. I know you've spoken in the past about sort of that 15%-16% return on CapEx. I'm curious, is that one of the drivers of this improved growth rate that we're seeing in recent years? Is there a way to line up growth in specific markets where you've really put some serious dollars in terms of projects, and how you guys track it? Just sort of generally around the CapEx and how that's working.
This is Sam. I think Capital expenditures and our capital spending plan that's geared toward increasing capacity, adding clinical technology for our physicians, and really building out our ambulatory network, is clearly a key component of our growth agenda. It's difficult to pinpoint specifically the value of that in the total performance of the company. Clearly, we can look at an individual hospital and score whether or not we achieved our expectations on our capital. Keep in mind, a lot of our capital is for long-run purposes. It's not just for a short run. Some of our projects, because of the complexity of building the project, it's really geared toward a much longer run. It takes us a while to get a full payoff on that. We monitor our performance against our expectations.
Generally speaking, we have outperformed our modeled financial returns on most of our projects. We've had a few, obviously, that we don't accomplish what we had hoped. When you aggregate all that, we believe it's contributing to the performance of the company and putting the company globally in a much better competitive position. We are running the company today at occupancy levels of approximately 73% on the inpatient, and that's in spite of a lot of capital that's hit this year. I think over the course of this year, we're adding more beds than we did in the previous year. I think in 2020, we're anticipating a similar amount coming online as we had in 2019. It's hard for me to point to just that. We have a robust physician relationship agenda that's adding value as we continue to add physicians to our network.
I think our clinical excellence agenda is yielding value as we continue to improve our quality performance. Ultimately, our outpatient network continues to grow. We will be up to roughly 145 ambulatory surgery centers, over 100 freestanding emergency rooms, almost 150 urgent care centers, and roughly 1,300 physician clinics that are connected to our 185 hospitals. All of that is connected to, I think, the overall volume performance of the company. Bill alluded to this. We had the broadest-based volume performance, as far as positive metrics, that I've seen in almost three years. The only two areas that were flat were behavioral health, was flat from an admission standpoint, and our outpatient surgery centers were modestly up. Our hospital-based outpatient surgeries was very strong, and that's what drove our overall outpatient volume.
We had really broad-based, comprehensive volume growth that I think speaks to the overall growth agenda that the company has had for years and we think is appropriate as we look forward.
Perfect. Thanks.
All right. Thank you, Josh.
Our next question will come from Pito Chickering with Deutsche Bank.
Good morning, guys. Nice quarter. Just to follow up actually on that topic of inpatient and outpatient surgeries. Third quarter was quite strong versus the first half of the year. It was strong on very challenging comps. I guess, can you talk a little bit more about what caused the strength of both inpatient and outpatient, which, was it expansion of ASCs, was it expansion of ORs? Was it hiring docs? What led to that strength and gives conviction around that continuing over the next year and a half?
Well, Pito, this is Sam. That's obviously a solid question for us given some of the trends. We indicated that we expected our procedure volume in the third quarter to be a little bit stronger because we did have a slight calendar tailwind. I think our Surgical Growth Initiative has been one that we've spoken to over the past number of years as we continue to improve our operating room processes, as we continue to respond to what our physicians need. As we continue to invest in technology within our surgical suites, robotics is an example of that, adding deeper capabilities in cardiovascular care and so forth is driving surgical performance for the company. Our cardiovascular surgery on the inpatient was very strong, almost 7.5% up.
Our orthopedic volume in total joints were up 7%. We had strong robotics performance. Our vascular surgery was performance. Some of this is clearly supply in that we're adding more ORs, but it's also our physician strategy, it's our program strategy, it's our performance improvement strategy, our clinical initiatives. All of this is really the foundation, as I mentioned previously, for us as we think about our growth prospects. We detail our surgical performance very carefully. We detail our physicians in the marketplace very carefully so we understand what their needs are. We monitor best performances and best practices across the company to share those broadly. We think that's a very successful formula and one that's yielding success, not just in this quarter, but over time. We believe it will continue to pay dividends for the company as we move into the future.
All right. Thank you, Peter.
Our next question comes from Gary Taylor with JP Morgan.
Hey, Gary.
Hi, good morning. I had a couple questions. I think I'll settle on this one. Could you just give us a little update on how you're approaching physician recruiting, physician employment, acquisition of physicians? There seems to be a renewed pace of activity, private equity, others making acquisitions or rolling up some of the physician space, and just wanted to see if your strategy is going to have to change to any degree in terms of outright employment and acquisitions.
I don't see a change. This is Sam again, Gary, thank you. I don't see a change in our strategy per se. We have been about recruiting. We have been about employment. We have been about other methods of alignment with a clinical relationship and leadership and program development. Those continue to yield success for us. We are growing our medical staffs at about 1.5% to 2% per year. It's coming through all of those channels I just spoke to. We believe that across the company's portfolio of facilities, that our physician development initiatives are gaining momentum in the face of some of these issues that you alluded to. It's because folks are seeing the investments that we're making, the improvements in overall quality in nursing that we're making, and it's attracting physicians. We have 45,000 physicians who practice at HCA facilities. We employ about 7,000 of those.
We are growing our employment ranks at probably 8%-12% per year. It is a more common tactic within our physician ranks, but it's not a sole strategy for us as we look to the future.
Thank you.
All right. Thanks, Gary.
Our next question comes from Justin Lake with Wolfe Research.
Thanks. Good morning. Appreciate the commentary on 2020, guys. Question here on the balance sheet. It looks like you're going to come out of the year, I should say, with a debt to EBITDA at the low end of your range at about 3.5%. If I just do some math on the implied guide, you'd be at more like 3.25. I know your long-term target is 3.5-4.5. It looks like you'd have $78 billion of room just to get back to the midpoint. Just curious as to how you're thinking about that opportunity going into 2020, what you think the M&A pipeline, share repurchase opportunity, et cetera. Thanks.
Yeah. Justin, thanks for the question. This is Bill. You're right. Our leverage ratio is at the low end of our range, and we're obviously very pleased with that. We think this continues to give the company a lot of flexibility and optionality into the future. As far as the longer-term range, this is obviously something we give a lot of thought to, and we'll continue to evaluate it. Not making any changes to our range at this time. As you know, we're going into our planning cycle and we continue to evaluate our capital policies. We do have a couple smaller acquisitions that hopefully will close towards the end of the year. We'll likely fund through that. We've stated for some time, we think the strength of our cash flow and position on the balance sheet is obviously an important attribute for the company.
We think we've got a pretty balanced and disciplined approach to capital allocation, from our capital investments to share repurchase to dividends, as well as managing the balance sheet. Again, I think we're very pleased with the result. I think the level where we are right now continues to give us a lot of flexibility as we continue to see potentially high-value acquisitions come into the fold. We've got the capability to execute on those. All right. Thank you, Justin.
Thanks for the color.
Yep.
Our next question comes from Kevin Fischbeck with Bank of America.
Great, thanks. I just want to follow up. I guess Q2 was a little bit surprising to people, and it seemed like it was, I guess you guys called it a revenue issue, and I guess in particular, commercial volumes being weak. This quarter looks better, but I wonder if you could maybe say it's still towards the lower end of your long-term view on pricing. Just want to see where we are on that and if there's any postmortem on what happened in Q2 and why it seems to be getting better now.
Bill. Yeah. Kevin, thanks. This is it. Yeah, Q2 was a little soft. We attributed some case mix, some isolated issues in a few markets. We were pleased to see it bounce back up. Obviously, we had very good payer mix with the commercial volume growth. Year to date, as we mentioned, we're at that 2.7, 2.5 range, if you will, which is right in the midpoint of our range. Again, I think with our visibility into our contracts, we continue to have great visibility into our commercial contracts. We continue, as Sam mentioned, invest in some of our higher acuity services that I think, second quarter just posed some softness for us and pleased with where we are in the year to date and rebounded here in the third quarter as well. Thanks, Kevin.
We'll take our next question from Ann Hynes with Mizuho Securities.
Hi, good morning. I know you gave some color on the acquisitions, but I would love some more color just on the margin profile. Late 2017, early 2018, you acquired $2 billion of revenue. Can you let us know what the margin profile of those acquisitions are right now, and Mission as well? Thanks.
Yeah. As a portfolio, if you will, I'd say the margin of those acquisitions are running high single-digit right now. That's where we anticipated. Each of them have a little bit different story to them. We knew Memorial in Savannah would take us some time to recover. Very pleased with the performance of where that stands. Mission, obviously we're in the first year. I think I'd characterize the margin performance of those acquisitions as high single-digit. They're contributing to the growth this year, as we've mentioned. We think they'll continue to contribute to growth next year. We knew those would be multi-year process for us. That's how I would characterize the margins, high single-digits right now.
Thanks.
Thanks, Ann.
Our next question comes from Stephen Tanal with Goldman Sachs.
Thanks, guys. Good morning.
Thanks, Steve.
I guess one quick question. Hey, Mark. Just the managed care adjusted admissions growth was really strong, and the compare a year ago looked particularly tough. Just thinking through that, I wanted to get your thoughts on the macro environment. Obviously Medicaid adjusted admits are still growing a bit faster than commercial, but commercial's really solid in absolutes, how are you all thinking about payer mix? Are these dynamics pretty good? Is that a headwind in your mind? Any commentary there? If you have the acuity mix number, that would be great too, the index. Thanks, guys.
Yeah, Bill, I think the environment we still read is very positive. We continue to see solid economic indicators in our markets, good employment numbers. We had anticipated commercial growth in that 1%-2% range, where we're running on a year-to-date basis. I think we'd characterize the overall market still as favorable for us. We know in any one period, they're subject to some trends here or there. Very pleased with the commercial volume trends in the second quarter. Overall, when we look at the economic indicators, we look at the employment indicators, we look at our access to contracts, we still think that's a pretty good environment for the HCA network. Relative to intensity, our case mix was basically flat for the quarter. We think there are some factors that are contributing to that.
We continue to see that our clinical improvement initiatives are paying dividends as we see reducing sepsis, reducing ventilator days for critical care patients, improving end of life. All of these clinical initiatives do have some impact on our case mix metrics, but obviously brings a lot of value to our patients. We think there's probably a few other service line areas. Again, I think the revenue clearance that we had in the quarter was very strong and in line with our expectations. Thanks, Steve.
We'll now take a question from Frank Morgan with RBC Capital Markets.
Good morning. You referenced a couple of smaller acquisitions that you may wrap up before the end of the year in terms of capital deployment. I think I've seen some press accounts on some of those, but I'm more curious about the opportunity for larger systems like you did with Mission and down in Savannah. Just curious, are you seeing any change in the landscape there that might suggest some of those kind of opportunities may be more likely? Thanks.
I don't know that the landscape per se, Frank, this is Sam, is changing. I think we are having more discussions, I will say, with systems. Whether or not any of those discussions materialize into a transaction that works for the seller or works for us is yet to be determined. We, as Bill indicated, have a balance sheet that we think is positioned to absorb some decent-sized acquisitions. We think our organizational capability and chassis, if you will, is built to take on more. We're looking, we're talking, but we don't know if anything will necessarily surface as we go through the next few years. Obviously, the marketplace is generally good for most of the not-for-profits that are out there.
It will be a forward-thinking board that makes the decision, in my estimation, to want to do a strategic decision or transaction with us and looks beyond the short run. We'll just have to see how those discussions go. We're excited about the acquisitions that we've done. As Bill indicated, we're seeing progression in performance. We're accomplishing what we had anticipated internally with our modeling for the most part, and we still see opportunities for improvement in them. That gives us confidence that our capability in assimilating acquisitions in the organization are getting better. As opportunities present themselves, we're hopeful that we'll be able to take advantage of those.
Thanks, Frank.
Thank you.
Our next question comes from Stephen Baxter with Barclays.
All right, thanks. Good morning. Certainly lots of strong operating trends this quarter. This was touched on a little bit, but obviously the same-store revenue per adjusted admission improved slightly from last quarter, but didn't have quite the snapback in three Q to the 3.5%-4.5% trends that the company posted for about six quarters in a row before that metric softened up a little bit with the two Q results. I guess I'm just curious if there's any just additional color around potential improvements in the variables that are hidden. You obviously touched on the commercial surgeries, but curious if there's anything else hidden out a little bit, and do you see a glide path to that getting back to 4% near term, just based on how things are progressing right now? Thanks.
Yeah, thanks. This is Bill. We've said we anticipate 2%-3% in that NRAA, and as we said, our year-to-date performance is right in the middle of that. We're confident that we saw the improving from the second quarter to third quarter. We look at our inpatient revenue per admission grew 4.2%, so really solid inpatient growth, and that coupled with our outpatient revenue growth. I tell you, we really don't see any structural or major factors that influence that. With the complexity of our revenue, there are a lot of variables that impact that between mix and service acuity and so forth. I think I characterize we're pleased with where we are on a year-to-date performance. Again, I don't see any really major structural changes that should impact that materially.
Thanks. Okay. All right. Appreciate the extra color. Thanks.
We'll now take a question from Scott Fidel with Stephens.
Thanks. Question, just one of your peers that had already reported had talked about being a bit more aggressive posture from some of the payers in 3Q in terms of denials on inpatient admits versus observation. Just wanted to see, it doesn't look like it from some of the fundamentals that you reported on commercial volumes and pricing, but did just want to see whether have you seen any of that similar dynamic in any of your markets recently, or has that not been the case?
This is Bill. Those are always factors that we deal with in the administration of health. We've called out observation in the past, and we see that kind of cycle around the country in terms of utilizing observation and patient statusing. Denials is a challenge for the industry that we spend a considerable amount of time and effort appealing and making the clinical case, and we have seen that activity increase. I don't characterize it as that material driver force. We've got strong operating indicators that we can overcome that. I think the industry continues to deal with patient statusing and observation as well as denials and the adjudication of claims that we spend a considerable amount of time, effort, and resources. We think HCA is well positioned to advance our case when we do have those denials.
It's a factor for us that we have to deal with.
Let me add to that, Bill. I think we have efforts underway with a number of the major payers to take advantage of our technology, their technology, our size, their size, to create a more friction-free environment for our patients and not have the confusion that centers around some of the billing processes, both for them and their members and for us and our patients. I'm optimistic that some of these major payers are going to move toward a more technology-friendly capability for both organizations that yield a better answer for the patient and the member. That's part of what we're attempting to do with our Parallon capabilities and integrate that appropriately into some of the claims shops that these big payers have so that it's a much more efficient, low-cost transaction environment for both organizations.
Thanks, Scott.
We'll now move to Matt Borsch with BMO Capital Markets.
Let me stick on the theme that Scott was asking about with a slightly different area of it, which is, we've heard that one of the largest payers is instituting a rule where all hospital-sided outpatient procedures are going to have to go through pre-certification of some sort. I'm curious if that's something on your radar screen and whether you think that will have impact in the fourth quarter.
Well, this is Sam. I don't anticipate any fourth quarter impact from that particular policy that you're referencing. We have provisions inside of most of our contracts that speak to how the network will function. The network being our inpatient facilities, our outpatient hospital facilities, and our ambulatory facilities. Typically speaking, we protect that network in a way that is appropriate for the payer and the patient and our physicians. Ultimately, we have dealt with a lot of these policies and procedures in the past around site selection and so forth, and we'll continue to work with the payers on those to find the right location for the patient, so they get the clinical outcome they want. It's at the price point that's appropriate, and we're not anticipating any significant change in sort of the composition of our business as a result of that.
Thank you.
Thanks, Matt.
We'll now move to Lance Wilkes with Sanford Bernstein.
Yeah. I was wondering for the quarter, can you talk a little bit about the share taking in market, and how much of that is payer strategies, maybe changes in steerage networks and things like that, as opposed to maybe physician-directed with your owned or affiliated physicians and other sorts of strategies?
All right, Lance, thanks. Sam?
I think if you go back to the comments, this is Sam, that I made about our growth model and how we think about our growth model. That model has been consistent for us over the years, and we find that it resonates in the marketplace with the patient, it resonates with the physician, and it resonates with the payer. The combination of those components of our model, we think is yielding the market share gains that we have sustained over time. In our most recent information, we gained market share in 22 of 25 service lines that we monitor, and we gained share in 73% of our markets where we get information.
The basic elements of our growth model, appropriately detailed, appropriately resourced, and really well executed by our employees and our teams, is yielding what we believe to be the value inside of this growth model. Again, it's value for our patients, we believe, it's value for our physicians, and ultimately, we think it's value for the payers. Our approach, it's hard to sort of deconstruct one item to say that this item is what's driving it, because it varies a little bit from one market to the other, depending on the circumstances.
When we pull up and aggregate the performance of the company, aggregate the strategy of the company and start to point to it, we think it takes all components of sort of the HCA flywheel, if you will, to ultimately drive this kind of consistent growth that we've been able to sustain for extended periods of time.
Thank you, Lance.
We'll now take a question from Sarah James with Piper Jaffray.
Thank you. Volumes were pretty strong across the board in the quarter. Did that put any pressure on using temporary staff? Where do you guys sit now on temp staff usage, and how impactful is that on your expense load? More broadly on expense control, last quarter you mentioned ongoing efforts for supply chain and IT savings, revenue cycle management. How are you thinking about how much further you can push these initiatives? How much savings is left to be achieved? Thanks.
Thanks, Sarah.
Yeah, Sarah, this is Bill. We continue to be pleased with the operating cost performance of the company. Obviously, when we get good volume, we can leverage some of our fixed cost structure and pleased with the performance. We have, as you probably know, initiatives throughout all aspects of the company. From continuing to manage labor cost to supply cost improvements to other operating, and I think that yielded and showed itself in the third quarter. We're very pleased with the performance, very proud of our teams in terms of what they do to manage the cost structure of the company. Regarding temporary labor, that was an area we called out that we saw some really good improvement over the past, call it, year and a half, as our operators reduced our turnover and we reduced our contract labor.
I tell you, that's pretty stabilized on us right now year to date. Pleased. When we do have volume peaks, we sometimes have to use that temporary labor, but we manage it within the whole context of the labor line. Again, I think for the quarter, we're pleased with where we stand. Year to date, we continue to manage in that 2%-3% range. That's a solid number for us.
Thanks, Sarah.
Great. Thank you.
We'll now move to Peter Costa with Wells Fargo Securities.
Good morning. Nice quarter. Looks like in Washington, a lot of the healthcare issues are being sort of kicked into early next year, things like surprise billing and DSH. Are these delays going to hurt you guys in any way, or do you think it gives you just more time to prepare? Is there any one of those that we should focus on more than some of the others in terms of something that could have more of an impact given the delays?
Well, this is Sam again. I think obviously there are a lot of discussions going on in Washington about healthcare within the Democratic primary and then within the legislative process, currently within the Washington, D.C., area. Even in some states, we're seeing some healthcare policy discussions that we're having to engage in. Obviously, we've said this before, we are supportive of legislation that protects the patient, whether that's protecting the patient from a surprise bill as defined or in making sure that the patient has the transparency around their out-of-pocket costs. We're supportive of those elements. I think moving beyond those elements, we do have concerns, and we don't believe that they're going to accomplish more than what they need to accomplish around the patient.
Those two pieces of legislation, the surprise billing and the transparency, again, as it relates to the patient being protected and getting the necessary information, we're supportive. Neither of those present any unusual challenges for us as we think about the future. It's just that we think if they overreach, if you will, in some of those areas, it could create some challenges here or there. As it relates to the DSH, I think we're still waiting for the final outcome on that, but we don't anticipate that having a very significant impact on our Medicare revenue as we move into 2020.
Thanks.
All right. Thanks, Pete. Hey, Anna, we're going to take three more, and then we're going to close it off.
Okay, perfect. Thank you, sir. We'll now take a question from Brian Tanquilut with Jefferies.
Hey, good morning, guys. Congratulations on a great quarter. Just really quick and simple question from me. As I think about the qualitative comments you made about the 2020 outlook, how should we be thinking about your views on margin expansion, factoring in obviously the improvement in the acquired hospitals from 2017? What % or is there M&A baked into that expectation as well, incremental over what's already been announced? Thanks.
This is Sam. Obviously, if we grow our volumes and we can keep our revenue on the high side of our guidance, we've said this before, toward the 5%-6% on revenue growth, which is what we've generally had over the past six or seven quarters, we believe we should be able to increase our same stores operating margin with that kind of revenue growth. Whether it comes in volume or in unit price combinations, we think that's high enough to where we should be able to grow our operating margin, all things being equal. As it relates to the low end of the range, our belief is that we should be able to maintain margins thereabout with respect to our same stores portfolio. As Bill spoke to a minute ago, our models for all of our acquisitions have a steady improvement in margins over time.
These are large institutions. They have a lot of people connected to them, and we have to be appropriate in how we adjust them to a more efficient environment. As we make those adjustments, we do anticipate margin improvements. As to how that affects the company's overall performance, I don't think it will color the margins of the company as much as the same stores performance. Our belief is that if we can grow our revenue in the upper side of our range, we should be able to incrementally generate a margin improvement. I think in this quarter, our revenue clearance to EBITDA was roughly one and a half times our average margin. That's a good metric for us. That's at 6.3% same stores revenue growth. We were able to clear that revenue at about 1.5 times our average margin heading into the quarter.
That's a pretty good sort of microcosm of how we think about it. There are puts and takes to that, and they have to be considered from one quarter to the next. Over time, that would be our approach and our thinking.
All right. Thank you, Brian.
We'll now move to Matthew Gilmore with Baird.
Hey, thanks for the question. The self-pay volume growth seemed pretty moderate this quarter, even with the stronger ER visit number. I was hoping you could give some color on what drove that lower growth in self-pay. Was that just normal fluctuation quarter to quarter or anything new to call out that's helping to moderate that?
We have been pleased with that performance. I'd say the one thing I would call out is Virginia expanded Medicaid this year. That's impacting some of that as we see conversions from self-pay into Medicaid. That's having a positive impact on that self-pay trend. Even if we normalize for that, I'd tell you it's still within what our expectations are within this mid to higher single-digit growth, even outside the Virginia Medicaid Expansion.
Got it. Thanks very much.
All right, take care. Last one.
We'll now take our last. Yes, sir, that'll be from John Ransom with Raymond James.
Hey, good morning.
Hey, John.
Hey, John.
Sorry, wrong speaker. Pretty wide range in your 4Q guide. Do you think we'll continue to see more seasonality for elective procedures into 4Q? If so, how did you factor that into your implied guidance?
Yeah, John, this is Bill. As I look at our guidance, our full year number's pretty much in line with what we're running, generally close to that 9% on a consolidated basis once you adjust for a few things. Do remind everyone, fourth quarter of last year was a really strong quarter for us as well. As terms of seasonality, there always tends to be a little bit. I tell you right now, that hasn't been a major factor in our thinking. We've seen that level out over the past several years. We just continue to look at the progression of the quarters throughout the year, and our fourth quarter guidance is with that. Obviously, we've been changing and improving our guidance each quarter as we've gone through the year. Where we stand right now, it looks to be pretty much consistent with what our year-to-date performance is.
So-
Right
That's where we stand for 2019.
Just kind of as a follow-up to that, I know Mark's wanting to cut me off. This is a really interesting question.
Go ahead. Well, it has to up, John. Go ahead.
The Mercer survey showed another 300 bips of high copay plan growth for fiscal 2020. How are you guys thinking about, if at all, your patient engagement and financing strategies, just with this continued relentless growth in patient out-of-pocket?
John, I think we handle that reasonably well. I tell you from our view, we haven't seen it change that dramatically from what we've seen over the past several years. We're very pleased with our revenue cycle and our Parallon teams to address that. From our view, I don't know if I see it accelerating as much as some of those headlines. It's just within the context of our total revenue clearance that we manage through.
One thing, this is Sam, that Bill and his team have done is, I think, create industry-leading patient protection policies to help the patient deal with some of the burdens that come with high deductible plans. In many instances, the patients don't fully understand what they've signed up for, and then they hit the system, and we have to work with them to explain to them their plans and so forth. We've built, I think, a very patient-friendly protection policy that's probably one of the most comprehensive ones in the industry to ensure that our engagement and our understanding with our patients is fair to them in a way that helps them get through some of the challenges that exist with these policies.
Great. Thanks so much.
Thanks, John.
That does conclude our question and answer session for today. I'd like to turn the presentation back over to our presenters for any additional or closing remarks.
All right. I want to thank everyone for joining us today on the call. As always, I'm available if you have additional questions or clarifications that you would need. Just feel free to give me a call. Anyway, thanks again.
Once again, that does conclude today's conference, and we thank you all for your participation. You may now disconnect.