Good day, everyone, and welcome to the Second Quarter 2019 HP Inc. Earnings Conference Call. My name is William, and I will be your conference moderator for today's call. At this time, all participants will be in listen only mode. We will be facilitating a question and answer session towards the end of the conference.
And as a reminder, this conference is being recorded for replay purposes. And I would now like to turn the call over to Beth Howe, Head of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Good afternoon. I'm Beth Howe, Head of Investor Relations for HP Inc. And I'd like to welcome you to the fiscal 2019 Q2 earnings conference call with Dion Weisler, HP's President and Chief Executive Officer and Steve Feiler, HP's Chief Financial Officer. Before handing the call over to Dion, let me remind you that this call is being webcast. A replay of the webcast will be made available on our website shortly after the call for approximately 1 year.
We posted the earnings release and the accompanying slide presentation on our Investor Relations webpage at investor. Hp.com. As always, elements of this presentation are forward looking and are based on our best view of the world and our businesses as we see them today. For more detailed information, please see disclaimers in the earnings materials relating to forward looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. For a discussion of some of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, please refer to HP's SEC reports, including our most recent Form 10 ks and Form 10 Q.
HP assumes no obligation and does not intend to update any such forward looking statements. We also note that the financial information discussed on this call reflects estimates based on information available now and could differ materially from the amounts ultimately reported in HP's Form 10 Q for the fiscal quarter ended April 30, 2019, and HP's other SEC filings. During the webcast, unless otherwise specifically noted, all comparisons are year over year comparisons with the corresponding year ago period. For financial information that has been expressed on a non GAAP basis, we've included reconciliations to the comparable GAAP information. Please refer to the tables and slide presentation accompanying today's earnings release for those reconciliations.
And now, I'll turn it over to Dion.
Thanks, Beth. Good afternoon and thank you for joining us. In Q2, as you can see from our results, we are delivering on our plans, demonstrating strong execution and progress on our priorities. Our strategy remains consistent The engineer experiences that amaze while driving profitable growth. We are striking the right balance between driving results for today and investing for the long term.
We're leading in our core PC and print markets, while extending our portfolio of services and solutions in our growth and future categories. In the Q2, revenue was $14,000,000,000 up 2% in constant currency. Non GAAP diluted EPS was $0.53 up 10% and at the high end of our outlook range. Free cash flow was strong at $747,000,000 and we returned $936,000,000 to shareholders in the form of stock repurchases and dividends. We continue to operate in a dynamic environment that includes ongoing industry component constraints as well as macroeconomic, geopolitical and tariff uncertainties.
But we have a highly experienced team and know how to navigate through complex market conditions. Despite industry wide issues, we will stay laser focused on our strategy to drive long term sustainable performance, build trust in our brand and create shareholder value. Let me provide a few highlights and color on each of our businesses. We continue to execute well in Personal Systems. Revenue grew 5% in constant currency with strong operating margins of 4.3%.
Innovation and design are setting our product mix apart and we're making disciplined investments in solutions and demand generation. We continue to drive profitable growth through a relentless focus on customer insights and by aggressively pursuing targeted opportunities to go after the heat in the market. While PC growth across the industry was more subdued this quarter, HP continued to outperform the market and gain profitable share. Our commercial portfolio remains strong with growth in both commercial desktops and notebooks. As IT decision makers look to create the office of the future, they are turning to HP to support their requirements for both manageability and security.
For small and medium sized businesses, we expanded our AMD portfolio with the launch of HP Pro Books, incorporating premium design and versatility. We also expanded on our premium offerings with the new Intel based EliteBook 800, bring robust security to mainstream business users. This includes HP SureSense, our new software that harnesses AI to detect and prevent malware threats. We also continue to raise the bar for gamers with new Omen devices, software, displays and accessories. As any gamer will tell you, gaming is all about immersion, experience and competition.
We are growing our ecosystem and setting new benchmarks for esports, including last week's launch of the Omen X2S, the world's 1st dual screen gaming laptop. What makes this system special is that it enables multitasking for gamers to message, watch a Twitch stream or run other apps without ever having to take their eyes off the game. While we're growing our core, we're continuing to gain momentum in strategic growth areas including device as a service. This quarter, we announced HP DaaS proactive security, a significant extension to HP's award winning DaaS solution, providing the world's most advanced Windows 10 secondurity service for files and browsing. And in our Retail Solutions business, HP Engage, our retail point of sale solution was selected to power roughly 2,000 stores for 1 of the world's largest office product retailers.
Shifting to printing, we again outperformed the market in a challenging environment. Total revenue declined 2% and as expected supplies declined 3%. In supplies, we are taking decisive action. We have made and continue to make improvements in our business management systems and to enhance our measurements of the market and our performance. We are simplifying and strengthening our pricing discipline to achieve consistency of our value proposition.
Also in Q2, we increased both our brand protection activities evolving our business models remain key strategic initiatives. In hardware, revenue growth in commercial was offset by weaker consumer demand. Not all hardware is created equal and we are focused on shifting the installed base to more productive and profitable units. In Q2, we saw commercial revenue growth in A3 and A4 Enterprise. We also introduced a new generation of OfficeJet Pro products and reimagined the print experience for the way small and medium sized businesses and employees are printing.
Our design team connected with thousands of small business owners across the globe to create a product that meets their unique needs. Built with sustainability in mind, it incorporates best in class security and a new SmartTask workflow solution into a printer that is 39% smaller than the previous generation. This was the insight required to fit into today's smaller and more versatile workspaces. Turning towards the contractual market, including A3, we continue to make progress and are leveraging our differentiated technology and IP to capture opportunities. In Q2, we won several large managed print service contracts including a multimillion dollar deal with Petrobras to provide a comprehensive portfolio of solutions and services, including our A3, Designjet and PageWide products.
And in graphics printing, we extended the business into a natural adjacency, opening an entirely new market for us with the launch of the HP Stitch portfolio. These digital textile printers are specifically designed for sportswear, interior decor and soft signage applications. HP Stitch builds on HP's leadership in inkjet technology with precise color matching and cost efficient streamlined production capabilities. Turning to 3 d printing, this month we expanded our portfolio with the introduction of our most advanced multi jet fusion system to date, the JetFusion 5,200 By bringing together innovations in systems, data intelligence, software and material science, we are able to deliver new levels of manufacturing predictability and applications potential. And we are excited doesn't happen in isolation.
Our customers are doesn't happen in isolation. Our customers are looking for complete solutions that integrate into their long term manufacturing roadmaps and existing processes. This month, we announced industrial alliances with Siemens and BASF. We will deliver an end to end digital manufacturing solution that integrates HP's 3 d printing portfolio with Siemens Digital Industries offerings from 3 d design to simulation, production, factory planning and analytics. Together, we will be working with automotive and industrial companies to transform their manufacturing with existing customers, including Volkswagen.
Finally, I want to spend a moment on an exciting announcement we made just this week. HP and SmileDirectClub, the leader in teledentistry announced a milestone partnership to reinvent the orthodontics industry. To keep up with demand and accelerate their growth, SmileDirectClub will be deploying a fleet of 49 HP 3 d printing systems to produce more than 50,000 unique molds per day, one of the largest 3 d printing projects in the United States. This is truly industrial scale 3 d production. Together, these are all significant steps for our 3 d printing business.
Our expanded portfolio, materials and industrial alliances enable us to serve a growing range of customers with a diverse range of manufacturing needs. We are well positioned within the digital manufacturing industry and are helping to ignite the 4th industrial revolution. Overall, I'm pleased with our Q2 results. We remain focused on driving great innovation, disciplined execution and prudent cost management. We remain agile and adaptable in the face of volatility in an ever changing landscape.
We will continue to execute today, while we invest in our growth and future businesses. With that context, I'm going to turn it over to Steve for a closer look at the numbers.
Thanks, Dion. In Q2, we demonstrated resilience and overall delivered a solid quarter. We grew revenue in constant currency. We grew operating profit dollars and non GAAP EPS grew double digits. We see opportunities ahead as well as ongoing uncertainties and remain focused on executing our long term strategy as we navigate in a dynamic environment.
In the Q2, net revenue was $14,000,000,000 flat or up 2% in constant currency. Regionally, in constant currency, Americas declined 1%, EMEA was up 2% and APJ grew 11%. Gross margin was 19.4%, up 10 basis points year over year. Sequentially, gross margin was up 1.6 percentage points, in line with normal seasonality driven by both rate and mix improvements. Non GAAP operating expenses were $1,700,000,000 up 1%, driven by an increase in SG and A.
Non GAAP net OI and E expense was $60,000,000 for the quarter. We delivered non GAAP diluted net earnings per share of $0.53 up $0.05 or 10 percent, with a diluted share count of approximately 1,500,000,000 shares. Non GAAP diluted net earnings per share excludes amortization of intangible assets of $29,000,000 acquisition related charges of $11,000,000 restructuring and other charges of $69,000,000 non operating retirement related credits of $10,000,000 tax adjustments resulting in a benefit of $43,000,000 and the tax related impact on all of these items. As a result, Q2 GAAP diluted net earnings per share was $0.51 At the segment level, in Personal Systems, we are executing well and delivering consistent profitable growth. I am pleased with the team's ability to remain focused on our long term strategy, while navigating each quarter in a highly dynamic market environment.
Total personal systems revenue in the 2nd quarter was $8,900,000,000 up 2% and up 5% in constant currency. Operating margins improved 50 basis points to 4.3 percent driven by improved mix, which we view as more structural as well as better rates, largely a result of supply chain cost favorability, partially offset by unfavorable currency. Our Q2 results reflect our ability to manage through a constrained CPU environment, segment our markets, identify areas of profitable growth and make trade offs as appropriate. By customer segment, commercial revenue was up 7%. Consumer revenue declined 9%, driven by overall market softness.
By product category, revenue was up 7% for desktop, up 6% for workstations and down 1% for notebooks. Overall, in calendar quarter 1, our market share was 23.2%, up 0.5 points year over year, and demand for our products remains strong. Turning to printing, our reinvention journey continues as we outperform our respective markets, continue to target growth opportunities and make progress addressing challenges in our core. Revenue was $5,100,000,000 in the quarter, down 2% year over year, nominally and in constant currency. Commercial hardware revenue growth was more than offset by declines in consumer hardware and supply.
Hardware units were down 4% with consumer and commercial categories down 4 percent and 3%, respectively. Having said that, we outperformed the market, gaining share in the calendar Q1 in both our home and office businesses and in key segments, including A3. Continue to make progress in our contractual offering. This includes strong growth in Instant Ink, where we're growing revenue in our global subscriber base and in MPS, where we continue to grow revenue as well. In Q2, supplies revenue was down 3% nominally and in constant currency.
We continue to operate below our Tier 1 channel inventory ceiling. As Dion just described, we are taking several actions in this business. As part of our business management system, we are implementing programs to enhance our visibility in the downstream channel. We have made initial progress lowering Tier 1 channel inventory, but there's still more progress to be made over the next two quarters, particularly in Tier 2 and the downstream ecosystem. We still anticipate supplies revenue will decline approximately 3% in constant currency for the full year.
In Print, operating margins expanded 40 basis points to 16.4%, driven by spend favorability as we balance tight expense management with continued strategic investments and key growth initiatives, including 3 d. Turning to cash flow and capital allocation. Q2 cash flow from operations was $861,000,000 and free cash flow was 7 $47,000,000 In Q2, the cash conversion cycle was minus 32 days. Sequentially, the cash conversion cycle weakened 3 days. The change was primarily driven by a 4 day increase in accounts receivable, which was impacted by revenue linearity.
We saw a one day increase of days of inventory and a 2 day increase in accounts payable. We returned over 100 percent of free cash flow to shareholders in the quarter. This included $691,000,000 through share repurchases and $245,000,000 via cash dividend. For the full year, we still expect to return approximately 75% of free cash flow to shareholders. Looking forward to the second half of FY twenty nineteen, keep the following in mind related to our overall financial outlook.
We expect an increased headwind from currency. We have incorporated the impact from tariffs currently in place, including the increase from 10% to 25% implemented earlier this month, but we have not included the impact from any future tariffs. In Personal Systems, we expect CPU supply constraints to continue through the 3rd calendar quarter. Also, as I have said before, we remain committed to driving productivity and investing for growth at the same time. Effective cost management remains a critical element of our success in very competitive markets, and we'll continue looking for ways to operate more efficiently and effectively.
In addition, for the full year, we expect our non GAAP tax rate, which is based on our long term non GAAP financial projections to be 16% in FY 2019. Taking these considerations into account, we are providing the following outlook. Q3 2019 non GAAP diluted net earnings per share to be in the range of $0.53 to $0.56 Q3 2019 GAAP diluted net earnings per share to be in the range of $0.49 to $0.52 We are updating our full year fiscal 2019 non GAAP diluted net earnings per share to be in the range of $2.14 to $2.21 and full year fiscal 2019 GAAP diluted net earnings per share to be in the range of 2.04 dollars to $2.11 And now, let's open up the call for questions.
Thank you. And we will now begin the question and answer session. And our first questioner today will be Jim Suva with Citigroup. Please go ahead.
Thank you very much. And I'll ask both my questions at the same time and you can do them in any order and they're pretty simple. While you updated your EPS guidance, I don't believe in the slides or prepared comments you mentioned free cash flow changes, just help us bridge that. And then more importantly, now that we've driven past the hiccups of the 4 box model and the ink supplies that you've had challenges with, Can you give us a backward looking as we progress through that, what exactly looking back happened, what you've learned and have you fully overcome those speed bumps? And how should we think about the 4 box model?
Like did you have to put in a couple of variable new variables or adjustments now that you it looks like you've made progress? How should we think about what you've learned from that as we all learn in life all the time? Thank you very much.
Jim, let me address the free cash flow question first. So we have not always updated our free cash flow guide on particular earnings calls, but I will confirm that we are still expecting to achieve $3,700,000,000 or greater for the full year in cash flow. And the assumptions are pretty straightforward, similar to prior quarters. First of all, just to remind everyone, we do expect over time that free cash flow to grow in line with earnings. And we're taking into account our earnings for the year, our cash conversion cycle and volume.
And when I look at the first half of the year, we did deliver $1,400,000,000 of free cash flow and that would leave $2,300,000,000 in the back half of this year. We actually achieved $2,300,000,000 in FY 2018 and $2,200,000,000 in FY 2017. So this is very consistent to where we've been in prior years. And really the assumptions are around, I would expect that there would be some upside favorability to the cash conversion cycle, which ends at minus 32 days in Q2, and also that we would expect to see the normal Personal Systems volume in the second half, which is higher than the first half. So that's on the free cash flow.
Dion, do you want to comment on some where we are on supplies I can add to it?
Yes, absolutely. And Jim, thanks for the question. I can assure you that we are all over this. As you can imagine, we're taking very decisive actions on the plans that we outlined last quarter. I think we were very detailed in how we thought about last quarter and how we explained really 6 things, 4 operational things and 2 strategic initiatives that we needed to drive.
Since then, I've put a supplies task force as well as a global program office in place with a primary focus on EMEA and then to ensure consistency across all of the regions. We've identified and begun implementing several changes already. I'll walk you through where we are on the 4 operational issues and the 2 strategic areas, the focus that I outlined on quarter 1, and then I'll have Steve chime in as well. So firstly, let me start with the operational actions. We're making changes in our marketing and go to market to address our supply share.
And you will recall, that was really where we primarily deviated from the 4 box model last quarter. We've increased our investment in search significantly versus last year in all regions, and we've improved our search coverage in the main markets within EMEA. We've also changed our marketing mix with key online marketplaces to improve the prioritization of HP original supplies. Secondly, we're upping our game in terms of brand protection. We're going to defend our brand as well as our intellectual property to ensure that our customers receive the quality, the benefits, the sustainability and environmental advantages that original HP Supplies provide.
Thirdly, we're working with our Tier 2 channel partners to gain more visibility into the overall Tier 2 channel inventory and to reduce the overall level of inventory. And fourthly, we're bolstering our business management systems. For example, we're improving our pricing discipline and we're continuing to enhance our data management. We're leveraging the big data and the telemetry information that we're now collecting and we're doing that across the installed base of printers that we outlined in Q1 to provide more accurate and timely reporting and insight. Regarding the 2 strategic areas of focus, firstly, as we actually discussed at SAM and on prior calls, we're evolving in print to focus on driving growth in our contractual business, certainly where our customers are really interested in transacting with us through those contractual motions.
And then finally, we're adopting new business models to continue to drive long term value in print. And Steve, with that, it's probably a good idea to provide some additional color on the progress in channel inventory and other areas.
Yes. Maybe I guess I'll add to that and Jim just to kind of remind us that what we identified in Q1 kind of relative to the assumptions we had in our model where we had inaccurate assumptions were primarily around share, I think of which Dion just addressed in his remarks, and then to a lesser extent pricing. And so there are a lot of, let's call them sort of forecast changes we're making to better analyze share from the telemetry that Dion mentioned to also online and other customer analytics. And then from a channel inventory perspective, we are making good progress bringing down the channel inventory as we mentioned on last call.
And our next questioner today will be Katy Huberty with Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.
Thank you. Good afternoon. We've spoken the companies that aren't even halfway through their required refresh or upgrade to Windows 10. And so how significant could the commercial PC demand be in the back half of the year? And should we think about that as a more protected IT project versus some of the areas where we're hearing about push outs?
Then I have a follow-up.
Yes. So I won't make any specific kind of revenue guide commentary, but I will say in general that what we're seeing in the market and I think it's generally in line with what the industry analysts are seeing as well is that we have a more favorable commercial market than a softer consumer one. And we have seen strength in commercial and are expecting a bit of a tailwind and lift from the Win 10 refresh in the second half of the year. And even directly beyond this year, the Win 10 migration has been executed, let's call it, I guess, a bit more smoothly than in prior rollover period. So, do not expect a significant trough in 2020.
So it is a driver of some of the commercial demand we're seeing.
And Steve, I assume that that also plays into the confidence around the cash conversion cycle.
It does. I mean, the again, a big assumption is you could call it normal seasonality, but that our second half in Personal Systems will be higher than first half. And that is driven by some of the strength we're seeing in Commercial, which is partially offset by some of the consumer softness.
And what I've been really impressed with, Katy, has been this relentless focus on customer insight and turning that insight into innovation. I think the Personal Systems team under Alex and together with the regions have really listened to our customers. We continue to launch incredible products. We know there is an incredible area of concern around cyber and it's front and center within the portfolio. And as a result of that, we're seeing really strong demand for our products, particularly in the commercial space.
And then what is the impact from tariffs that you've baked into the full year guide? And what mitigating actions are you taking around the manufacturing footprint and any pass through pricing?
It's a great question, Katie. And if you're watching CNBC today, you would have seen that they were asking that question relentlessly. So let me kind of bifurcate my answer on tariffs into 2 portions. The first is the current tariffs that we know about. Our guidance includes the impact of the tariffs that are currently in place, including the increase from 10% to 25% that went into effect earlier this month.
So here I'm referring to that roughly $200,000,000,000 trade tariff list. Regarding the new list that was published earlier this month, clearly, it's an industry wide situation in the U. S. That has continued to be very dynamic, and so we don't speculate or comment on potential impacts until we know all the facts. We're still hopeful that agreement will be reached.
And the reason I say that is because it's really highly uncertain. First of all, we don't know if the additional tariffs will happen at all. Secondly, if they do happen, we don't know when they would happen, and the timing on that really does make a big difference. And thirdly, we don't know what the final list of products will be, what will be included, what may be excluded. And finally, we don't know how much or what the tariff rates would be.
So I know that's quite a few variables, and all of those variables can change the calculus quite significantly. And we've seen that in the past as we've worked through the first $200,000,000,000 of tariffs. We've seen those variables in play. There have been multiple phases. There have been products that have been on the list and excluded from the list, and there have been changes to the tariff rates over time.
So we continue to assess the potential impact to the business and we're very active. We are not sitting idly by. We're looking at multiple scenarios, and we're working with U. S. Administration, we're working with others in the industry and we're working with our supply chain on mitigations to ensure the best outcome for our ecosystem of customers and partners as well as our shareholders.
So clearly, the implementation of incremental tariffs on the complete list of products imported from China would have industry wide impacts. The impact would likely be more felt in the near term. And Steve, you might have some additional comments.
Yes. In terms of the levers, we do have a number of levers that we would expect to use to mitigate the gross exposure from these tariffs down to a net exposure. This does include optimizing our manufacturing facilities around the world, adjustments to pricing and other items. We would plan to use these mitigations to drive down again to a net impact. I do want to emphasize or reemphasize what Dion said because the specifics are absolutely essential around any assumptions or any quantification of what this net impact could be.
We are assuming, however, in the sort of scenarios we're working through that we would experience more of a shorter term impact that would diminish over time. And to be clear again, our guidance, both the EPS and free cash flow does include the impacts of the tariffs currently in place, but not any contemplation of the additional tariffs under consideration.
And the next questioner today will be Toni Sacconaghi with Bernstein. Please go ahead.
Yes. Thank you.
You talked a lot
on the last earnings call about this increased reception to purchasing remanufactured supplies online, particularly in Europe. And I think a widespread investor concern is, do you believe that that's a structural issue now that you've had 90 more days to think and look and gather data on it. So specifically, are you seeing any evidence that of that occurring in other geographies? And you talked about some new inputs into the 4 box model around price and share. So given those inputs and given whether you consider reman increased reman to be structural or cyclical, what is your belief for what normalized supplies growth should be going forward?
And do you actually reach that in 2020?
Great. Thanks, Tony. Thanks for the question. I'll take the first one and Steve, you might want to take the second. So if I capture you correctly, you're to paraphrase it, are the supplies online issues spreading into other regions, I.
E, Americas or APJ. As we said in the last call, the underlying factors around the shift to online and contractual are absolutely global in nature, and we live in a very connected world. Both Americas and APJ both began addressing these trends earlier than EMEA did. Therefore, our primary focus remains EMEA. That said, the competition doesn't stand still and neither will we.
We're sharing the learnings from the global task force with the other regions to ensure a consistent approach as we will continue to monitor these trends in every single region, we'll fine tune, we'll adjust as the market conditions will inevitably evolve. That's why I have a global program management office around this, and we are looking at this from a global perspective. But the real primary focus remains in EMEA because Americas and APJ got started earlier.
And then on some of the specific maybe numbers. So maybe starting with Q2, our Q2 results of minus 3% were substantively in line with our expectations and similar trends as Q1. The decline was driven primarily from EMEA. I would say broadly speaking, our forecast assumptions are holding as we look into the remainder of 2019. There's no change to our full year outlook.
We're still expecting approximately minus 3% in constant currency. This would include the remaining takedown of the channel inventory and also the revised share and pricing assumptions described on the last call. It is difficult to pinpoint the precise timing of all the reduction between Q3 and Q4. So there could be some slight quarterly growth rate variability along with other natural business movements. It will all too depend on the timing of the actions and how they play through the ecosystem.
In regards to, I guess, beyond FY 2019, it's going to depend on multiple factors and multiple variables and the progress we're making around installed base and the type of units replacing usage, the share and pricing as well as any evolution in our business model. And so not going to comment any more specific on FY 2020 or beyond at this point.
But just to follow-up, Steve, I mean, if you're explicitly saying that you've made a change in share and price assumption in your 4 box model. I presume both of those were not positive, they were negative. And so if that's the case, then why wouldn't the structural longer term supplies growth rate be lower than what you had thought before? And why if you're taking down all the inventory, why wouldn't we be at that normalized rate in 2020?
Well, you're correct that the assumptions, the change in assumptions were to the negative. We did bring down our share assumptions for the remainder of this year as well as pricing. That's not to suggest that the actions that Dion described can't move those in either direction. And ideally, we're working to move those up and to have share win back programs as well as to drive more consistent pricing across the ecosystem, including the omnichannel. And so those are the actions we're working clearly to make sure we're addressing the supplies headwinds we're facing this year.
And that's really, Tony, why I break the actions strategic focus areas, evolving our Print focus, driving more towards contractual business and adopting new business models within the Print business unit.
And the next questioner today will be Steve Milunovich with Wolfe Research. Please go ahead.
Thank you. Hewlett Packard Enterprise just indicated that they've been seeing fairly recently, I guess, maybe over the last 4 to 6 weeks, a slowdown in business, maybe a shifting out of business into the next quarter. Are you seeing anything like that? It doesn't look like you're seeing it on the PC side, but I would think on the commercial printer side, you might have some sense of that. So are you sensing that larger accounts are taking longer to close?
We saw strength in commercial, so I wouldn't highlight anything beyond that strength in commercial.
Okay. And Steve, you talked about trying to front end load printer revenue a little bit more. Beyond contractual, are there other things that you're thinking you can do? And how significant could that be? And how long might it take?
So when I sort of made the comment on your business model evolution, there are sort of multiple dimensions to that. I think the evolution, there are sort of multiple dimensions to that. I think the primary one we've been focused on is what you alluded to and it's the shift to contractual. And so we've been at that for some time and continue to make progress around our management services revenue as well as shifting more to Instant Ink, which continues to grow for the company. So I think that's been our primary driver.
In terms of the sort of where the profit in the lifetime value of a hardware unit is, we already are operating in certain geographies where we do have printers that generate more profit of the lifetime upfront. And so I think we'll continue to work on different areas and different models in the future, but there's really not a whole lot more to describe at this point.
And the next questioner today will be Paul Coster with JPMorgan. Please go ahead.
Yes, thanks. Two questions. In view of the tariffs, wondering if you've identified any vulnerabilities or risks in your supply chain and whether there's any major reconfigurations that you anticipate and how if at all they should you will mitigate the risk there? And the second one, just quick update on the metals, printer and 3 d printing, if you can give us some sense of the time line again.
Yes. Look, we have manufacturing facilities, as you can imagine, all over the world, and we're always working to optimize our manufacturing footprint. So this is just an ongoing part of our business, so that we are not single point sensitive. So that's how I think you should think about our manufacturing footprint in our facilities. As it relates to metals, look, I'm really happy with the progress of the 3 d printing business unit on multiple dimensions, not just the metals dimensions for which they've made really good progress.
We have some several companies like GKN that we're working with to serve the auto industry. We have similar efforts underway in the health care industry. But we continue to perform well in the 3 d printing business. We recently announced that over 10,000,000 parts were produced using our 3 d printing technology last year, with half of the parts manufactured for end user products. In quarter 2, it was a busy quarter.
We launched our new HP Jet Fusion 5,200 series, which is a printing platform that delivers improved economics and performance and part quality really designed for manufacturing. We also launched a new TPU material. And those of you that want to geek out with me here, it really enables new classes of applications and are ideal for flexible and elastic parts. We also expanded our alliances with BASF, Materialise and Siemens, very important announcement with Siemens just last week. And really, they're at the epicenter of all manufacturing.
If you want to get into manufacturing processes, you need to be doing that with companies that have been doing it for decades and Siemens is an industry leader. We also announced last week a major incredible partnership between HP and SmileDirectClub, who's the leader in teledentistry, and they orthodontics industry. SmileDirectClub will be deploying a fleet of 49 HP 3 d printing systems to produce more than 50,000 unique and highly personalized molds a day. And that's one of the largest 3 d printing manufacturing projects in the United States. And it's a true example of industrial scale 3 d production.
And our next questioner today will be Matt Cabral with Credit Suisse. Please go ahead.
Yes, thank you. On Personal Systems, just wondering if you could talk a little bit about the impact of component costs, particularly given some of the renewed declines in DRAM and just if you're having to pass that through versus the ability to drop some of that to the bottom
line? Yes, I think broadly speaking, we have seen some easing around the overall supply chain costs in the basket of commodities and logistics. That being said, given the current currency environment volatility we're seeing in the strengthening of the dollar, we've seen much of that offset and kind of even looking forward likely the increased headwinds will continue to be an offset of some of the changes we've seen in the overall supply chain cost. So exactly how this is going to play out in the next quarter, quarters to come will really depend upon overall market and competitive dynamics because we've got some puts and takes as it relates to the overall cost on the personal systems side.
Got it. And then on printing, just wondering if you could provide an update on how the Apogee acquisition is playing out so far and what the learnings from that mean for your wider distribution strategy you push more towards day 3 over time?
Yes. Look, let me start
out by mentioning it's now been several quarters since the acquisition of Apogee. And while we're running it as a stand alone business from a go to market perspective, it's very much aggregated into our overall OPS business unit. I'll also remind you that Apogee enables HP to gain access to new profit pools by expanding our ability to deliver value added services, and it accelerates the deployment of what we know is superior technology into the growing contractual office printing market, especially among SMBs. The transaction augments our existing go to market channels, and it enhances our ability to deliver solutions and services that are necessary to win in the contractual market. This is all on point and on strategy and more and more customers are shifting to contractual.
So we feel, as we did when we made the acquisition, that this is absolutely leading us in the right direction.
And the next questioner today will be Shannon Cross with Cross Research. Please go ahead.
Thank you very much. I also have 2. I guess the first is, can you talk a little bit you mentioned uncertainty in the environment, which makes sense these days. But can you provide some more details on what you're seeing geographically in terms of demand? And if specifically maybe what you're seeing in China with regard to U.
S. Brands? And then I have a follow-up. Thank you.
So maybe I'll give a first step. So what we saw in our results in constant currency was Americas was down 1%, EMEA up 2% and APJ up 11%. In the Americas, I think we saw the driver there was primarily on the personal systems business and candidly I think that was driven by the industry wide supply constraints we had and how we ultimately allocated a product. And I think that was the largest driver in the Americas. I think we're seeing different geographic pockets of strength in those that are softening.
And maybe Dan would comment on China specifically.
Yes. Look, I think we've experienced some recent slowing in our China business. And having said that, I think it's important to mention that we can't conclude that, that slowdown that we are seeing is solely related to any of the discussions that are currently underway. China has been and continues to be a strategically important market for us. We have a really strong brand in the country, and we've been there for decades.
The geopolitical environment remains, let's call it, dynamic, and we'll continue to assess and respond to the situation and the potential impact to our business. That said, we continue to drive insight driven innovation to our portfolio. That's one of the ways in which we go about running our business is through local insights and local product development. For example, in China, gaming has been a great success for us, including the most recent launch of our dual screen Omen gaming laptop, which we launched globally out of China. It's also worth noting our APJ region, just as Steve mentioned, as a whole grew 11% in constant currency in quarter 2 against that backdrop of a slowing business in China.
And so we're seeing, for example, other areas within APJ like Japan being particularly strong.
Thank you. And then maybe, Deanna, if you can talk a little bit about, the relationship with Canon. I'm just curious, do you feel like you're working more closely with them given some of the pressures on toner and the need to reposition against the aftermarket? And do you think they're reacting as aggressively as you'd like from a litigation standpoint? Because I know they have started talking about it a bit more than they have historically.
Thank you.
Yes. Look, Shannon, as you know, you've been following us a long time. We have an incredibly close 35 year partnership with Canon, and I think it is stronger now than it has ever been. I just came back from Japan a couple of weeks ago and met with Mitarai san. Clearly, aftermarket alternatives is not what we would want either of us, and we're working very closely together to really think through the multidimensional levers that we have available to us.
And I think both companies are being appropriately aggressive.
And the next questioner today will be Rod Hall with Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.
Yes. Hi, thanks for the question. I just wanted to drill into the consumer PC deterioration. Net revenue down 9%, it was up 1% last quarter. And I just wondered if maybe you could comment on regionally where you saw that.
I think maybe we could tie back to your other comments, but I'd love it if you would give us some color. And also just comment on whether you think that in those regions you're seeing I heard you talk about Asia and China, in particular, Dion, but just kind of what you're seeing from a consumer demand point of view across the globe? Thank you.
Yes. Look, I'll take a first stab and Steve might want to chime in. I guess on a macro level, there's been volatility in the market, and that causes uncertainty around the world. And in this type of environment, consumers tend to react more quickly to market conditions, both on the positive side and on the negative side, versus commercial customers, which has less sensitivity to the short term. The current environment has seen some slowing in consumer and varying levels by country.
And it will take us a long time to go through every single country. But it does vary country by country. We continue to innovate. That's the most important point. We need to continue to innovate with our products like the Tango X in the printing side of the business and the Spector Folio and the Personal Systems just to name two examples.
And when we do that, we're giving consumers a reason to purchase, but they only do that when they have great innovation. So while we broadly agree with the industry views that both PCs and print are flattish markets over the mid- to long term, we'll continue play our own game. We'll segment the market, then we'll segment it again. We'll find the heat in the market and we'll focus on outperforming market. That's exactly what we've been doing and what you can expect us
to do. The other small comment I'd add is, our consumer performance is really in line with the market.
And our next questioner today will be Ananda Baruah with Loop Capital. Please go
ahead. Hi, good afternoon. Thanks for taking the questions. Just 2 if I could real quick and there's sort of partial clarifications. Just going back to the supply dynamics, do you feel that you've fully identified the problem areas such that you have your arms completely around the dynamics that manifested last quarter?
And if not yet, what remains to be done? How long until you think you do? I just want to make sure I'm fully understanding where you are with it. And then I have a quick follow-up as well. Thanks.
So the short answer is yes. We as Dion said, we put a task force of our most talented individuals. Both Dion and I have spent time in EMEA, and I think Dion described some of the actions we're doing. We would expect that these actions and in particular, the impact on the overall channel inventory levels, which I sized at approximately $100,000,000 including the downstream, that those channel inventories will be reduced through this year.
Okay, great. That's really helpful. And then a quick follow-up. I believe your comment around chipset constraints was into 3Q. Does that imply that you think after 3Q, you'll actually start to get some relief?
And any context there in addition would be helpful with that. Thanks so much.
Yes. Look, I guess you are referring to the fairly well known Intel shortage, which has come along with chipsets that go with it. I'd start by saying it's probably not fair or appropriate for me to second guess the supply updates that Intel has provided over the past several weeks. Based on the most recent update from Intel, we continue to expect supply constraints through calendar quarter 3 just as we have through calendar quarter 2 and calendar quarter 1. I think you've seen us optimize as best we can on behalf of our customers and partners.
Demand is really strong for our products, particularly in commercial. And we'll continue to work closely with Intel to ensure that we drive the best outcomes. So thank you all for taking the time to be with us. We're at the bottom of the hour. Let me end the call where I began.
We're delivering on our plans, and we're striking the right balance between driving performance for today as well as investing for the long term. While we will always have more work to do, we're making good progress against our priorities. We'll continue to put our customers at the center everything we do and we will remain consistent and true to our strategy to engineer experiences that amaze while driving profitable growth. And I have a high degree of confidence that we'll continue to execute on that strategy with rigor and focus. So thank you very much for joining us today.