Good day and thank you for standing by. Welcome to the Interactive Brokers Group Second Quarter Financial Results Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question and answer session. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded.
I would now like to hand the conference over to Nancy Stube, Director of Investor Relations. Please go ahead.
Good afternoon, and thank you for joining us for our Q2 2021 earnings conference call. Once again, Thomas is on the call, But asked me to present his comments on the business, he will handle the Q and A. As a reminder, today's call may include forward looking statements, which represent the company's belief regarding future events, which by their nature are not certain and are outside of the company's control. Our actual results and financial condition may differ, possibly materially, from what is indicated in these forward looking statements. We ask that you refer to the disclaimers in our press release.
You should also review a description of risk factors contained in our financial reports filed with the SEC. Q2 was a fantastic quarter. With the exception of the Q1 this year, It was the best one in Interactive Brokers' history. Total accounts grew 61% versus a year ago, a record save for the Q1. Client equity grew 79%, growth also outpaced only by Q1.
Total client DARTs of $2,300,000 were also except for Q1, a record. The same is true of our stock share and options contract volumes. Our business strength can also be seen in our overall metrics. While our client equity or the cash and securities and client accounts grew 79%, client margin loans rose even faster to a record high of $49,000,000,000 up 96%. In contrast, client credit balances or the cash in client accounts grew 16%.
Why? Strong markets and an active client base let our customers utilize the Interactive Brokers platform to put Proportionately more of their money to work in the market. As a percent of our client equity, Margin loans have risen from a pandemic outset low of 11.5% up to 13.4% as investors have grown more confident and want to participate in the This increase is even more impressive when you consider that while for margin loans, the numerator is based solely on client activity, The denominator of client equity is based on customer activity plus overall market performance. Even if there was no change in total margin loans, points within a backdrop of rising global markets, showing investor confidence and willingness to participate. And the more our clients participate, the stronger we become.
Our reported pretax margin was 72% and adjusted for non core items was 67%. We know of no other broker who can claim margins close to this. We see this investor confidence and strong activity across the globe in all geographies. As we observed earlier this year, This activity appears to be led more by individual investors than by institutions. These customers tend to be sticky as they become familiar with our platform.
And especially internationally, we offer the broadest geographic product offering and lowest costs to those investors, and there are many who wish to invest internationally. It is expensive to provide global market access with compliance, legal, currency and tax and reporting different in each market and the costs to comply with all these requirements is high. As three quarters of our accounts are international, This competitive advantage continues to serve us well. Over time, even as this period of COVID winds down, We see global interest in the markets and the rise of the electronic connectedness of individuals to financial markets, institutions and each other, driving more people to participate, generating further interest in the financial markets among investors old and new. We continue to see year over year growth in total accounts in the high 20s to low 30%.
This is well above the high teens level year over year growth we experienced before the pandemic. We continue to improve on giving them a customized work environment. We continue to listen to them to learn what products and tools they want added. And now to go over our record before the first quarter numbers. We We ended the quarter with a record 1,414,000 accounts, a net increase of 61%.
Once again, we saw account growth in all client segments in all geographic regions, with all areas showing over 50% growth, with modestly more rapid growth in Asia. We saw growth in all 5 of the client types that we service. I will now go over 5 client segments. Individual customers who made up 63% of our accounts, 37% of our client equity 54% of our commissions continued their growth this quarter with 12 month account growth of 88% and client equity growth of 85%, while commissions grew 48%. In addition to the aforementioned factors, continued active interest in markets by investors worldwide, Increases in market indices and investor desire to improve on 0 interest rate environment alternatives are some of the reasons behind this segment's strength.
All geographic areas we serve saw triple digit individuals account growth with close to uniform growth rates across the Americas, Europe and Asia. This proves the importance of providing a reliable platform to a global audience, offering wide product choices and worldwide access and shows the clients want the maximum opportunities to invest in the variety of ways they prefer. We continued to see growth in the hedge fund customer segment. For the 12 months ended June 30, we saw 2% hedge fund account growth, 54% customer equity growth and 5% commission growth. We continue to benefit from a reputation for best price execution, Low and transparent margin and securities financing rates, the quality of our platform and the strength of our balance sheet.
Hedge funds represent 1% of our accounts, 7% of our client equity and 6% of our commissions. Proprietary trading firms are 2% of our accounts, 9% of our client equity and 12% of commissions. For the quarter, this group grew by 34% and accounts for the 12 month period, 48% in client equity and 21% in commission. Prop trading firms are sensitive to the direction of volatility and trade more as volatility increases. While not as high as the spike in the Q1, Continuing strong volatility led to more active trading strategies, while accounts and client equity grew due to more traders wanting to be on our platform.
To capitalize on its reputation for seamlessness and efficient trade execution. Financial advisors are 10% of our accounts, 16% of our customer equity and 10% of our commissions. This group grew accounts by 20% for the 12 month period, Customer equity by 52% and commissions by 6%. Account and client equity growth show our increasing penetration of this segment. Commissions were up by less than the account and equity growth as advisors typically tend to trade more conservatively.
While our independent advisor business is small relative to Fidelity or Schwab, those firms serve the advisor and individual segments only. Interactive Brokers also caters to hedge funds and prop traders, more demanding groups as far as certain functionality is concerned. We add tools and build out our infrastructure based on input from each client segment and then make these improvements available to all of them. As a result, our platform has the richest set of tools and capabilities and with the strategy, we get better and grow faster in each of our customer segments than our peers. Our final segment is introducing brokers.
These represent 26% of our accounts, 32% of our client equity and 17% of our commissions. IBroker segment account growth was 39% for the latest 12 months, while client equity more than doubled, growing 115% and commissions by 131%. Interactive Brokers platform provides the global trading and seamless back office functionality critical for brokers who want to provide a global offering in order to capture clients worldwide who seek to invest and want to be able to access many markets in order to do so. We continue to be excited about 2021 and beyond. I know you are all going to ask me about a Bitcoin introduction and we expect it by the end of next month.
In other areas, we have provided content to Coursera, creating a certificate program for them called A Practical Guide to Trading, which covers equities, ForEx, U. S. Bond and Derivatives Trading. You should also take a look at IBKR campus, which offers over 50 courses on investment products, Trading tools and portfolio and risk analysis. We want informed clients who will have the knowledge and tools to be with us for the long run.
And finally, we look forward to the Robinhood IPO, so that our various metrics can be compared to another firm besides Charles Schwab. With that, I will turn the call over to our CFO, Paul Brody, who will go through the numbers for the quarter. Paul?
Thank you, Nancy. Thanks, everyone, for joining the call. As usual, we'll review the quarterly operating results, the non core items, Factors that drove those numbers and then we will open it up for questions. Starting with the operating data, progressively stronger trading levels And record margin borrowing throughout the quarter drove robust operating metrics, albeit below the unusual spike in the Q1. With the tailwind of rising world markets on positive vaccination and economic news and low interest rates.
Continued global interest in financial markets amid the search for higher yield led the 2 industry trading volumes that are still above the activity levels 2020 in most products. Meme stock trading volume came down from the extreme highs of the Q1, which impacted industry volumes, mainly in stock. So over the course of the second quarter, trading by our active trader customer base rose from April Loth. Volatility, as measured by the average VIX, fell from the unusually high levels it reached early last year. At the beginning of the first phase of the coronavirus pandemic, a time of great uncertainty amid rising case numbers worldwide, The average VIX fell from 35 in the Q2 last year to 18 this quarter.
And while it has come down recently, the VIX is Still stronger than pre pandemic levels, reflecting perhaps the unevenness of the reopening of economies worldwide. Compared to the Q2 of 2020, our quarterly total DARTs rose 32% to 2,300,000 second only to the unusually active Q1. Our customer trade volumes rose year on year in several product classes, led by increases of 34% and 160% in options and stock volumes, respectively. Stock volume was inflated by trading in low priced stocks, though even after removing those from our calculation, Our share volume still rose 36%. Again, these volumes are second only to those in the Q1.
Futures volume declined 19% year on year, but remained modestly higher than the pre pandemic level. FX dollar volumes this quarter were lower, a trend we have seen since the explosion of volume in early 2020 and now are about even with pre pandemic levels. Total accounts reached a record 1,414,000, up 61 percent over the prior year, contributing to customer equity growing 79% from the Q2 of 2020 to $363,500,000,000 Our overall average commission per cleared commissionable order declined 15% versus last year to $2.38 So it rose 3% versus the Q1. Factors impacting this decline included product mix It features smaller average trade sizes and options for ForEx and our continued success in capturing liquidity rebates, some or all of which are passed through to our clients. Capturing these rebates reduces the overall commission our clients pay, decreasing the average commission per DART, but also reduces the exchange fees we pay on the expense side, making their net impact neutral to our bottom line.
Moving to our net interest margin table. Our net interest margin rose from 0.99 percent to 1.15% year over year, driven by margin lending and securities lending. Quarter over quarter, our NIM declined from 1.26% to 1.15%, partially impacted by a decrease in the average effective U. S. Benchmark Fed funds rate from 8 to 7 basis points with a further impact from most other rates worldwide remaining at or below 0.
Securities lending and margin loans were the largest contributors To our net interest income, securities lending was particularly strong this quarter, though down from a spike in the Q1 when several stocks presented us opportunities Utilizing our in house developed system, our team executed on opportunities to lend hard to borrow names that investors were looking to short. Net interest income from securities lending reached $136,000,000 this quarter, up 70% year over year. Average margin loan balances rose 94% versus last year as investors continue to grow more comfortable taking on risk and leverage. Higher year over year balances led to a 97% increase in marginal and interest income to $128,000,000 In light of the flat yield curve, we kept the duration of our portfolio relatively short and recorded an immaterial mark to market loss on our holdings of U. S.
Treasuries. Outside the U. S, notably in Europe, where we have grown accounts at 55 And client equity by 70%, negative benchmark interest rates in some currencies have affected our ability to achieve acceptable yields on our segregated cash in this region. This has led to a couple of unusual factors. Over the past few quarters, We have earned interest on our customer credit balances as we pass through negative rate costs on large balances in these currencies.
Our aggregate yield on segregated cash in this quarter was immaterial, but slightly negative. This This was driven by increased customer cash balances and negative rate currencies, although offset by the pass through of costs I just mentioned. Aggregate segregated cash balances fell 13% as clients used more cash to invest in the financial markets and more cash was used This overall decline along with inflows in negative rate currencies led to a drop in our segregated cash net interest to minus $2,000,000 including the pass through Of $8,000,000 of the negative rate interest to customers, the net interest earned on segregated cash balances was $6,000,000 for the quarter. Note that for accounting purposes, our FDIC suite program, which was $2,700,000,000 in the 2nd quarter, removed funds that would otherwise be included in segregated cash balances on our balance sheet. Now for our estimate of the impact of the next 25 basis point increase in rates, calculating the impact of rate changes, We understand that as the possibility of a future rate increase becomes more certain, this expectation is typically already reflected in the yields of the instruments in which we invest.
Therefore, we attempt to isolate the impact of an unexpected rise or fall in rates, separate from the impact of rate hikes or cuts that have already been baked into the prices With that assumption, we would expect the next 25 basis point unanticipated rise in rate to produce an additional $99,000,000 in net interest income over the next 4 quarters and $102,000,000 has the yearly run rate based on our current balance sheet. Our net interest income is highly sensitive to small rate increases Due to the impact of low benchmark rates on the spread between what we earn on our segregated cash and what we pay to our customers, As U. S. Rates fell below 50 basis points, our spread compressed as we earn less on our segregated cash. However, the conference is also true that as rates move back up towards 50 basis points, the spread rises.
The $102,000,000 run rate includes the reinvestment of all of our present holdings at the new assumed rate, but does not take into account any change in how we may manage our segregated cash. A 25 basis point unanticipated fall in rates We produced a decline in net interest income of $32,000,000 over the next 4 quarters and $32,000,000 as well for the yearly run rate. As a reminder, about a quarter of our customer credit balances are not in U. S. Dollars, And so changes in rates that occur in the U.
S. Do not apply to all of our balance. Turning to the income statement. We define non core items as those not part of our fundamental operating results. Non core adjusting items versus the year ago quarter are as follows: Our currency diversification strategy swung from a gain of $16,000,000 a year ago to a loss of $9,000,000 this quarter for a comparative decrease in income of $25,000,000 Investment gains and losses rose from a gain of $13,000,000 to a gain of $113,000,000 this quarter for a comparative increase of $100,000,000 And mark to market on U.
S. Government securities went from a $13,000,000 loss to about 0 this quarter, a comparative increase of 13,000,000 The net effect of these items increased pretax income by $104,000,000 this quarter, a positive shift of $88,000,000 over last year's quarter. Net revenues were a reported $754,000,000 for the quarter, up 40% versus last year's Q2. Excluding non core items, net revenues were up 24% to 650,000,000 Commission revenue rose 11% on higher volumes year on year, particularly in stocks and options. Net interest income rose 40% In our successful securities lending efforts, our growth in net interest was robust.
Other fees and services revenues, which include market data, exposure, account activity, FDIC Bank Suite program and IPO facilitation fees, as well as order flow income from options exchange mandated programs rose 38% to $55,000,000 Top 3 contributors were risk exposure fees, which were up $6,000,000 market data fees, which were up $5,000,000 and liquidity payments from options exchanges, which rose $2,000,000 other income, which includes gains and losses on our investments and Currency diversification strategy as well as principal transaction showed a gain of $118,000,000 up from a gain of $27,000,000 in last year's Ex non core items, other income increased 27 percent to $14,000,000 Non interest expenses were $213,000,000 for the quarter, down 33% from last year's quarter. Larger exchange liquidity rebates, lower futures volume and a $6,000,000 clearing fee rebate drove a 29% reduction in execution clearing and distribution fees to $54,000,000 despite the higher stock and options volume. As mentioned, a portion of exchange liquidity rebates are passed through to our clients and are reflected And reduced commissions. Fixed expenses were $158,000,000 down 34%, driven by a 73% decrease in G and A expense. Last year's G and A included a $103,000,000 in costs associated with the WTI Oil Futures event.
At quarter end, our total headcount stood at 2,429, a 34% increase over last year. We continue to hire aggressively in client Services to support the influx of new accounts as well as in software development. Note too that Brexit required that we open offices in Europe, which are now fully operational in Hungary as well as in Ireland. Customer bad debt expense was $1,000,000 will contain for a highly active trading period. Reported pretax income more than doubled from last year's quarter to $541,000,000 for a 72% pretax margin.
And excluding non core items, pretax income rose 41% $437,000,000 a 67 percent pretax margin. Diluted earnings per share were $1 for the quarter versus $0.40 for the same period in 2020. And ex non core items, diluted earnings per share were $0.82 Our earnings, taxes and the split between public shareholders and non controlling interests, 2nd quarter numbers are as follows. Starting with our pre tax income of $541,000,000 we removed $1,000,000 income at the holding company, Then we deduct $12,000,000 for income taxes paid by our operating companies, which are mostly foreign tax. This leaves $528,000,000 of which 78.1 percent or that $414,000,000 reported on our income statement is attributable to non controlling interest.
The remaining 21.9 percent or $114,000,000 is available for the public company shareholders. As this is a non GAAP measure, it is not reported on our income statement. After we expense remaining taxes owed by the public company of $23,000,000 on that 114,000,000 The net income available for common stockholders is the $92,000,000 you see reported on our income statement. Note that the public company's tax is proportionately higher than last year, primarily because IBG Inc. Ownership rose from 18.6 percent to 21.9%.
Our total income tax expense of $35,000,000 consists of this $23,000,000 plus the $12,000,000 of tax Turning to the balance sheet with $9,900,000,000 in consolidated equity at June 30, 2021, We're well capitalized from a regulatory standpoint. We deploy our strong capital base toward opportunities to grow our business And investment opportunities worldwide as well as to emphasize the strength and depth of our balance sheet to current and prospective clients and partners. Our capital is deployed across 14 registered broker dealer type entities around the world, supporting regulatory capital requirements, liquidity needs, margin lending and other financing opportunities in our growing brokerage business. And we continue to carry no long term debt. Now I'll turn the call back over to the moderator and we will take questions.
And our first question comes from Rich Repetto from Piper Sandler. Your line is now open.
Yes. Good evening, Thomas. Good evening, Paul. I guess my first question is on interest and interest sensitivity. And I know Paul, you gave us the sensitivity to the 25 basis points move.
But I was just trying to see If, when and if the Fed get to 50 basis points or above, I know you share that completely with customers, but you don't share it if They have less than $100,000 or pro rata and they need $10,000 in cash. Is there any way we can get a I think you've given in the past About how much cash is what you call rate insensitive that would fall that wouldn't be get Share that interest above the Fed rate of 50 basis points. And then the other part would be Just what could you do on treasuries if your reinvestment sort of policy, how could the NIM expand if potentially treasuries were to widen out?
I can take that first one certainly. Yes, our fully interest rate sensitive credits Amount to about 14% of the total credits, about $11,200,000,000 at the end of the quarter. So that can give you an idea of The portion on which we can fully capture any other rate increases. And to the second, I would turn that one over to Thomas with regard to investment policy on Depending on the yield curve, I guess is really your question. Yes.
So we're going to remain Invested for the short term, because, I wouldn't dare To go out very far on the yield curve, especially with this rising inflation prospects. But as to your first question, the first half percent is just Completely ours, right? You understand that. So when TV rates go to 0.5%, That is completely ours. From there on, we share, but Our clients with less than $100,000 they have only about some total of $10,000,000,000
Understood. Yes. And the If we got I'm just trying to understand, if we looked at past rate, last rate cycle, your net interest, Your NIM expanded dramatically. And if I'm not saying today, but if the Yield curve changed dramatically in a rising rate scenario. Wouldn't we expect some NIM expansion because you would Go farther up the curve on treasuries rather than staying short right on the short end right now?
It's not because we went out Further out, I mean, we went out maybe a year, but it's mostly because the first half percent is It's a huge amount of money on $85,000,000,000 of Free cash, we'll see them now, customer cash.
Got it. Okay. My last question would be, Thomas, you've talked about regulatory issues. Any have your views on payment for Otupol? What Any changes to market structure that you could that you're at least bracing for or Think could possibly change over the next 12 months to 18 months?
So I cannot foresee any change because Basically, this has been the business of Wall Street for 200 years now, namely customer order comes in and the firm trades against it, right? Now all that is happening with Rob and Robinhood on the one side and Citibelli and Virtu on the other is that they are 2 different companies. But So if they prohibited order flow, what would happen is Schwab would buy Vertu And Cetadel would buy Robinhood, right? And the same thing would just continue, right? So I don't think that this that any of the payment for the flu can be prohibited.
It just unbundles The traditional Wall Street model.
Got it. Super helpful, Thomas. Thank you.
And thank you. And our next question comes from Dan Fannon from Jefferies. Your line is now open.
Thanks. So just to follow-up on some of the account metrics and the growth numbers that you guys cited in regions It continues to be very strong. I believe last quarter you talked about China and Hong Kong being slightly weaker. But So just curious if there's anything underneath at a country level or other areas where things are potentially not as strong as otherwise would be expected?
China continues to be weaker, even bigger than it was in the previous quarter. And I mean, it dwindled to practically nothing. And Hong Kong is just It's certainly not as strong as it was a year ago, but it sort of continues. Otherwise, There wise, I mean, the Europe, especially Eastern Europe, The Middle East, South America, these are especially strong.
In the profile of the customer being added today, any kind of Material difference or change than what you've seen historically?
Well, in the mix, Maybe there are some smaller customers, but we also get larger customers in the due to our Institutional efforts such as the prop trading firms and the Investment Advisors. So overall, there isn't a substantial difference and the mix of and the size of customers. Thank you.
And our next question comes from Kyle Voigt from KBW. Your line is now open.
Hi, good evening. So Thomas, if you look at May June metrics, specifically, I think you're running Around 23% or 24% annualized account growth rate. In the past, you had said you thought The account growth will kind of normalize towards the kind of maybe high 20% or around 30% range. It seems like the trajectory of the growth over the past couple of months is trending below that. So I guess any updated thoughts on where you think that account growth will stabilize as this kind of work from home environment ends and the operating environment normalizes?
My best guess is 30%. I may have heard that May was lower, Even though it's also lower, not only not 23%, but I think more like 27%. But my best guess going forward is 30%.
Okay. Second question is on the elimination of the monthly inactivity fees. I think we probably had asked about this for a long time, a lot of the Radulance community. Just wondering, Can you help us understand why you thought now was the right time to eliminate these fees? Do you think that could impact your account growth rate?
And does this move kind of suggest a shift in strategy in terms of wanting to target maybe smaller or less active individual traders, which is a little bit different than where you've historically targeted.
So it is not aimed at Traders new traders, it's aimed at existing folks that Decide to hang up their heads for a while and not trade. And So what they've been doing is they close their accounts and then in order to save the inactivity fee. And so they come back a year or 2 later, but they won't necessarily come back to us. Maybe they go to some other broker. So that's what we want to prevent.
So we want to we would like to hold on to the people who have had We want them to continue to have accounts with us even if they become inactive for a while. And So that the account is open even if they just leave a few dollars and then when they are ready Doing less again, they will do it with us.
Understood. And then just maybe my final question is on securities lending, just down from a record Q1, But still grew 70% year on year, the revenues there. I guess when we think about the current sec lending environment, Would you still think that this is an elevated revenue level? Or I guess I'm asking if this should be a good run rate going forward because as I said, 70% year on year growth in revenues, but your average client equity was also up over 70% year over year, And account growth is also up very strongly, but just curious to know your thoughts on the current kind of environment for Secwendy?
I didn't understand the first word, security funding you said?
Securities lending?
Lending. Okay. Sorry.
I'll let you comment on it, Thomas. Sure. Sure. I mean, as we always say, it's driven by both as the customer base grows and balances grow, it is driven by higher Short balances and greater inventory to lend, but it is most particularly driven by stocks that Get hot in the marketplace and for some period of time, sometimes very short, sometimes an extended period of time, we can lend them out at very high rate. And so, we had some experience with that this past quarter.
We had more in the Q1. These stocks just come and go as you can read about them in the news. We are just able to take advantage of them both Because our customers borrow money against them, but also because we have a fully paid lending program, we call it Stock Yield Enhancement Program. And so we've seen growth there and it provides us opportunities to increase Revenues because we're now lending out more of our customers' stock in that program.
I would add to that that our especially low margin rates brings in a lot of clients who want to Gary positions on margin. And as you know, those positions are available to us to land. So There is a benefit to charging the very low margin rate.
Great. Makes sense. Thank you.
Thank you. And our next question comes from Chris Allen from Compass Point. Your line is now open.
Good evening, everyone. Maybe just a follow-up on Kyle's question on the monthly activity fees. Any estimate in terms of how many accounts Have been closed to save on the activity fees maybe over the last year or 2?
I would guess about 25,000 accounts a year, but that's a guess.
Got it. And then, I think it was yesterday you announced new pricing over in Europe. The standard pricing, I guess, it started out in Western Europe. Maybe just some color just in terms of What was the catalyst to introduce new pricing scheme? Any estimate in terms of financial impact?
So there is no financial impact to speak of, but our competitors were Advertising these similar simple rates, our issue was that our rates were not so simple. And the so we now can say that it's €3,000,000 or €3, Whatever your currency is and so it competes well with
And thank you. And ladies and gentlemen, I would now like to turn the call back to Nancy Stuebe, Director of Investor Relations, for closing remarks. Oh, I apologize. We have a follow-up question from Rich Repetto from Piper Sandler.
Yes. I want to get one more in Thomas, a quick one I think. Paul, could you define fully paid Security lending versus just, I guess, margin loan lending? And then Also, do you think that just because we're trading in the U. S.
Markets, almost 50% higher levels at 10,000,000,000 shares a day versus 7,000,000,000 in 2019. Does that make it More likely that stocks are wanted that you have these scarce stocks just because there's more trading overall like In other words, more evidence that the elevated securities lending could be could stay elevated going forward?
Well, certainly the greater inventory we have, the more likely it is that we have more shares in the high rate stocks to lend. And this Speeds on itself, as Thomas said, as our low rates attract more margin lending that frees up those that body of stocks for us to lend. On that, we earn 100% of the revenue because they are margin stock. And on the fully paid Stocks, we share that revenue, generally fifty-fifty with our customer. Fully paid means it's either fully paid even in a cash account In a margin account where there may be margin borrowing by the customer, that's not the Full amount of margin borrowing that the customer can put on, which leads some of the stocks to be not Collateralizing margin loans and therefore they are fully paid and we can still lend them out and in fact the customer will earn something on those shares.
So we have an outright agreement With some of our customers in which we agree, they agree that we can lend out their shares that are fully paid for And we agree to all the more on this as far as the credit risk. So we guarantee them against credit risk and we
Thank you. And I am showing no further questions. I would now like to turn the call back to Nancy Stuebe, Director of Investor Relations for closing remarks.
Thank you everyone for participating today. As a reminder, this call will be available for replay on our website And we will also be posting a clean version of our transcript on the site tomorrow. Thank you again, and we will look forward to talking to you next quarter end.
Thank you. This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may now disconnect.