Good morning, and welcome to the Kyndryl fiscal second quarter 2023 earnings conference call. Currently, all callers have been placed in a listen-only mode, and following management's prepared remarks, the call will be open for your questions. If you would like to ask a question at that time, please press star one on your telephone keypad. If you need to remove yourself from the queue, please press star two. At any time if you should need operator assistance, please press star zero. Please be advised that today's call is being recorded. I will now turn the call over to Lori Chaitman, Global Head of Investor Relations at Kyndryl. You may begin.
Good morning, everyone, and welcome to Kyndryl's earnings call for the quarter ended September 30th, 2022, the second quarter of our fiscal year. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that our remarks today will include forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to risk factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied, and these statements speak only to our expectations as of today. For more details on some of these risks, please see the Risk Factor section of our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31st, 2021. Kyndryl does not update forward-looking statements and disclaims any obligation to do so. In today's remarks, we'll also refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures.
Corresponding GAAP measures and a reconciliation of non-GAAP measures to GAAP measures for historical periods are provided in the presentation materials for today's event, which are available on our website at investors.kyndryl.com. With me here today are Kyndryl's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Martin Schroeter, and Kyndryl's Chief Financial Officer, David Wyshner. Following our prepared remarks, we will hold a Q&A session. I'd like to now turn the call over to our Chairman and CEO, Martin Schroeter. Martin?
Thank you, Lori, and thanks to each of you for joining us today. This is an exciting week for Kyndryl. It's the one-year anniversary since we separated from IBM to become the world's largest IT infrastructure services company, designing, managing, and modernizing complex mission-critical systems at scale for some of the world's largest organizations. Our transformation is well underway. We're executing on our strategy to drive profitable growth, and I'm even more enthusiastic about the opportunity today than I was a year ago. We understand that the macro environment is top of mind for many people, and we recognize the market uncertainties, currency headwinds, and inflation pressures that multinational corporations, including Kyndryl, are facing today. For Kyndryl, the essential non-discretionary nature of our business provides our revenue streams with some natural insulation to macro factors.
Equally important, our execution on our Three-A's initiatives, alliances, Advanced Delivery, and accounts, will deliver benefits we need to strengthen our overall business performance independent of the broader economy. On today's call, I'll update you on our strategy and how we're executing on our Three-A's. David will share details on our quarterly results, link our recent progress to our financial goals, and update our fiscal 2023 outlook to reflect currency headwinds and higher energy costs. As the world's largest IT infrastructure services company, building on 30+ years of mission-critical experience, we entered our independence with expert people, long-standing customer relationships, and a ton of intellectual capital. We serve thousands of customers and operate in over 60 countries. Many of our customers have been working with Kyndryl for decades, and we have top-tier customer satisfaction scores as measured by Net Promoter Score.
With our independence, we doubled the size of our addressable market, formed meaningful alliances with nearly two dozen leading technology companies, and they have expanded both the scale and scope of our capabilities. We have unmatched expertise in managing hybrid on- and off-premise complex IT environments and have strengthened our capabilities through our six global practices. The combination of our expertise and our multi-vendor strategy enables us to expand the scope of our customer relationships and accelerate their digital journeys in cloud, security, data, and intelligent automation. We launched our Three-A's initiatives back in February. These initiatives are critical to our future success, and I'm encouraged by the significant progress we've made to date. We are tirelessly executing our Three-A's to drive the progress and earnings contributions we've targeted.
As a reminder, we provided targets of $1 billion in signings tied to hyperscaler alliances this fiscal year, $200 million in annualized cost savings from Advanced Delivery by fiscal year-end, and $200 million of annualized pre-tax benefit from our Accounts initiative. We're on track to deliver on our fiscal 2023 milestones for each of these initiatives. Keep in mind, our transformation work will not be done after this fiscal year. Over the medium term, these initiatives are expected to generate $1.6 billion in annual benefits, plus another $400 million that we're driving through growth in advisory services, our six practices, and expense management.
In the first six months of this fiscal year, we generated $425 million of hyperscaler signings, putting us on track to achieve our billion-dollar annual target for our alliances initiative with a solid pipeline heading into our fiscal year-end. Since the beginning of the year, we've continued to develop our cloud-related capabilities with a 63% increase in hyperscaler certifications to now more than 26,000 on top of our existing IBM Cloud certifications. Another proof point of how we're leveraging our new alliances is the growth we're experiencing in our advisory services signings, which are up 43% so far this year. We recently branded our advisory services as Kyndryl Consult to reflect the evolution of how we're delivering customer value by reducing business risk and supporting digital transformations.
With our Advanced Delivery initiative, we're investing in intelligent automation, transforming the way we deliver services, and increasing our productivity. This program is making our customers' infrastructures more secure and more resilient. To date, we freed up 3,000 delivery professionals to backfill attrition or to be upskilled and redeployed to new opportunities. At the same time, it generated annualized savings of $150 million as of quarter end on track to achieve or perhaps exceed our $200 million fiscal 2023 year-end objective. In our Accounts initiative, we're addressing elements of our business with substandard margins. Our customers have been responding positively, and in many cases, we're driving margin growth by expanding the scope of work with higher value services and optimizing our cost base through automation and greater standardization.
Our engagements efforts so far have resulted in a meaningful increase in the projected margins associated with these accounts. In the September quarter, we're realizing pre-tax benefits at a rate of roughly $80 million a year and progressing toward our $200 million year-end run rate goal. To make our Three-A's more tangible, I wanna share a handful of customer success stories that demonstrate our team's execution. There's a theme among these and other examples. It's that the combination of our broader technology ecosystem and our expanded capabilities through our six practices is resonating with customers and providing Kyndryl with margin opportunity. Through our alliances initiative, we're winning assignments in a larger addressable market. For instance, for a long-time European-based telecommunications services customer, we've begun a multi-year project to migrate from private cloud to a hyperscaler, ensuring a secure and resilient hybrid IT environment.
With a European-based media company who's been a customer for more than a decade, we've expanded our scope of work to modernize this digital experience and ensure a seamless migration to Microsoft Azure. A multinational consumer goods company, we're implementing an automation platform with a hyperscaler. In Advanced Delivery through automation and standardization, we're seeing more and more opportunity to increase service levels and systems resiliency. For example, we reduced high impact incidents by 90% for a global industrial company. For a European professional services firm, we've nearly doubled the monthly automations to 700,000 that check and protect their systems. By transforming the way we deliver our services to a European manufacturer, we freed up about 16% of that delivery team to drive increased system stability while also increasing our labor productivity. In accounts, we're expanding our profitability profile.
For a European financial services firm, we leveraged our hyperscaler relationships and Advanced Delivery initiative to shift the scope of work toward higher value services and optimize the cost base. For another large global financial services company, we had the opportunity to expand our scope of work and further optimize our resources to increase productivity. In both cases, these changes are delivering roughly 10-point increases in gross margin. For a banking software provider, we've been able to renegotiate the terms of our existing contract by leveraging our expanded capabilities, enhance our delivery and cost structure through automation, and grow the scope to include data application and AI work. In the process, we're realizing a $3 million annual increase in gross profit with that account. In a nutshell, our Three-A's initiatives are favorably impacting how we go to market and the economics associated with our business.
As I mentioned, our alliances are an important element of our transformation and execution of our Three-A's initiatives. We focused on building relationships that really matter to our customers and have a sizable impact on their business. Together through our practices, we are co-creating, co-investing, and co-selling new and enhanced services. It's a win for our alliance partners, it's a win for our customers, and obviously a win for Kyndryl. With Microsoft Azure, we recently announced an exciting new joint mainframe modernization offering that will allow our customers to better access and use data across a hybrid environment. Our financial services and other mainframe reliant customers will be able to capitalize on the AI innovations and scalability of Microsoft Azure while still counting on the reliability and security of the mainframe platform.
We also introduced an integrated hybrid cloud solution with Microsoft and Dell Technologies to help customers accelerate cloud transformation projects. With Google Cloud, we're delivering managed services for their new Dual Run offering that provides customers a safer approach to moving legacy mainframe workloads to the cloud. This past quarter, we also added Citrix, Elastic, EY, Five9, and Teradata to our list of alliance partners. We see Kyndryl operating at the heart of progress. Our alliances and our unparalleled ability to integrate great technologies from multiple sources into complex IT stacks are what allow us to play this role for our customers in today's digital economy.
To fully leverage these partnerships, in September, we launched Kyndryl Bridge, a new open integration platform that reflects our commitment to transforming how we deliver sophisticated services. Kyndryl Bridge gives our delivery teams more automation and gives our customers more visibility and control into their complex IT estates. Our digital platform integrates existing tools, intellectual property, processes, and partnerships into a single operating environment. Over time, Kyndryl Bridge will expand and grow, and will move from observability, going from how to navigate our services and enhance IT operations to self-service capabilities, and even the ability to digitally subscribe to provision and manage services, including services based on partners' technologies. Fundamentally, Kyndryl Bridge offers our customers access to a 24/7 digital Kyndryl that provides greater systems resiliency.
To align with our Three-A's, it strengthens our Advanced Delivery efforts and opens the door for us to capture new higher value revenue opportunities that will expand our margins over time. A year into our independence, we're operating and going to market differently with a new mission and value proposition. We've entered a broader technology ecosystem. Our business transformation has gained momentum, and we're executing on a clearly defined set of key initiatives, our Three-A's. We continue to focus on driving our business toward a return to revenue growth in calendar 2025 and significant margin expansion. There is significant value to be created at Kyndryl. Based on what we have seen internally and heard from our customers so far, we have the right strategy in place and are confident in our ability to execute and transform our business.
Now with that, I'll hand over to David to take you through our results and our outlook.
Thanks, Martin, and hello, everyone. Today, I'd like to discuss our quarterly results, our balance sheet and liquidity, why our Three-A's initiatives are so important to us, and our outlook. Our financial results for the quarter ended September 30, our fiscal second quarter, reflect progress on our top line growth efforts, as well as external factors such as currency movements and higher energy costs. In the quarter, we generated revenue of $4.2 billion, which represents a 2% increase in constant currency from our pro forma results a year ago. If you exclude two points of pass-through revenue from our former parent, our Q2 revenues were consistent with the prior year quarters, demonstrating the progress we're making to strengthen our revenue trajectory.
An important component of this progress is the sequential revenue growth we've been driving in our advisory services, which today are approximately 11% of our revenue and 19% of our total signings. These signings translate into revenue at a faster pace given that they are more in-year project-based work compared to our long-term managed services activities. Adjusted EBITDA in the quarter was $428 million. This represents an Adjusted EBITDA margin of 10.2%. The year-over-year decline in our Adjusted EBITDA margin compared to pro forma 2021 results was primarily due to a number of exogenous and spin-related items.
Exogenous factors impacted margins by more than four points year-over-year and includes some software licenses being treated as a subscription rather than an amortized expense, an asset sale gain and accrual reversal in last year's September quarter, a dilutive impact from IBM-related pass-throughs and revenue timing, higher energy costs, and currency. Adjusted pre-tax loss was $102 million, which is roughly one margin point softer than our March quarter and June quarter results, and down year-over-year, primarily due to $69 million in currency headwinds. Here's why. We have dollar-denominated costs throughout our global operations as well as international earnings, and our earnings hedges and various contractual protections have not fully offset the effects of this year's unprecedented dollar strengthening. Energy cost moves, which in Europe are being measured in multiples of last year rather than percentage increases, aren't helping either.
As a result, our constant currency revenue growth, cost reduction efforts, and Three-A's progress are being overshadowed by external factors. This is occurring even though demand for our infrastructure services has remained resilient amid increased global macro uncertainty. Among our geographic segments, we delivered year-over-year constant currency pro forma revenue growth in three out of four segments, and our strongest margins were again in Japan and the United States. Changes in how various IBM-related costs are hitting each of our segments under our new commercial agreement with IBM complicate year-over-year margin comparisons by segment. We address our customers' needs not only through our geographic operating segments, but also through our six global practices, cloud, applications, data, and AI, security and resiliency, network and edge, digital workplace, and core enterprise.
Our business mix is evolving to reflect demand, with most of our signings again coming from cloud, apps, data, and AI, security, and other growth areas. The Kyndryl Consult or advisory services revenue growth I mentioned has been particularly strong in our cloud, apps, data, and AI, and security practices. In short, if it weren't for currency movements and higher energy costs this quarter, we'd be reporting year-over-year revenue growth and pre-tax margins within a point of breakeven. On a reported basis, however, currency and energy cost impacts are superseding the operational progress we're making. While the risk of a global recession has clearly increased, we continue to see broad-based demand for digital transformation and infrastructure services. Turning to our cash flow and balance sheet, we generated adjusted free cash flow of $216 million in the quarter.
We provided a bridge from our adjusted pre-tax loss to our free cash flow so far this year. Our gross capital expenditures in the quarter were $253 million, and we received $3 million of proceeds from asset dispositions. Our CapEx has been somewhat front-loaded this fiscal year. Working capital and other contributed to cash flow in the quarter as we begin to step up our management of both receivables and payables globally. Our financial position remains strong. Our cash balance at September 30 was $1.9 billion. This is above the June 30 level, despite a $49 million decline in the dollar value of our international cash and our use of cash for transaction-related payments. Our cash balance, combined with available debt capacity under committed borrowing facilities, gave us $5 billion of liquidity at quarter end.
Our debt maturities are well-laddered from late 2024 - 2041. We had no borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility, and our net debt at quarter end was $1.3 billion. As a result, our net leverage sits well within our target range. We are rated investment grade by Moody's, Fitch, and S&P, two of whom recently reiterated our ratings. On the topic of capital allocation, our top priorities are to maintain strong liquidity, remain investment grade, and reinvest in our business. As we've said before, we view being investment grade as a commercial imperative given the importance of this to our customers, many of whom operate in regulated industries. We expect to use most of the free cash flow we'll generate this year to fund spin-related cash outlays, including required systems migrations. As Martin mentioned, we continue to progress on our Three-A's initiatives.
Our momentum supports our expectation that our alliances initiative will drive signings, revenue, and over time, roughly $200 million in annual pre-tax income. Our Advanced Delivery initiative will drive cost savings equating over time to roughly $600 million in annual pre-tax income. Our Accounts initiative will drive annual pre-tax income of $800 million. We're also driving growth in Kyndryl Consult and among our global practices, which is incremental to the benefits coming from our Three-A's initiatives, and we see opportunities to control expenses throughout our business. We expect that these efforts over time will contribute roughly $400 million in annual pre-tax income. As a result, the magnitude of the earnings growth opportunity we're tackling is tremendous relative to our current margins. Progress on our Three-A's will therefore be a central source of value creation for Kyndryl.
Our game plan is to continue to serve our customers seamlessly and to deliver solid results even as we go through the three-year process of transforming our business, preparing to return to sustained top-line growth, and positioning Kyndryl for stronger margins and higher returns on invested capital. As you could see in our second quarter results, currency movements and energy costs are impacting not only our reported revenues, but also our margins. We've expanded and updated our outlook to reflect these trends. Because of the size of the currency effects we've seen this year, we provided our revenue growth, Adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted pre-tax income outlook on a constant currency basis.
In constant currency, we've increased our revenue growth projection by three points compared to when we started the year, and our outlook for adjusted pre-tax margin is down 0.5 point from the start of the year, solely due to higher energy costs. On a reported basis, currency is impacting our top line by more than nine points year-over-year, and we're now projecting revenue of $16.3 billion-$16.5 billion this fiscal year. Currency movements have impacted our projected adjusted pre-tax margin by nearly 140 basis points since our initial guidance and nearly 200 basis points year-over-year. Higher energy costs are having a further 40 basis point impact. As a result, we've reduced our outlook for actual currency adjusted pre-tax margin by two points to -2% to -1%.
I want to emphasize that the changes in our updated actual currency outlook are entirely due to currency movements and higher energy costs. The dramatic strengthening of the U.S. dollar has been a significant challenge since we not only have foreign earnings, but also have dollar-based costs throughout our operations. What may get somewhat lost in all of that is excluding currency impacts and higher energy costs, we'd be on track to achieve our initial guidance. In addition, we continue to believe that demand for IT infrastructure services is largely insulated from broader economic trends. Our initiatives are delivering the benefits we anticipated, and we're investing in our business to drive innovation and future growth. One comment on signings. As our business mix is shifting toward advisory services and as we increasingly focus on annual gross margins, signings aren't operating as a particularly good proxy for our progress.
As a result, we've decided not to provide signings guidance going forward. Nevertheless, I want you to know that we're enthusiastic about our pipeline and that our internal forecast for revenue signings this fiscal year calls for growth versus calendar 2021. More importantly, because of the margins at which we're signing business, our signings so far this year are delivering meaningful growth in expected gross margin and annual gross profit. From a cash flow perspective, we continue to target about $750 million of gross capital expenditures and $700 million of net capital expenditures compared to about $900 million of depreciation expense. Over the medium term, we remain committed to returning to revenue growth by calendar 2025, delivering significant margin expansion and driving free cash flow growth.
We also expect to mitigate the effects of recent currency movements over time, even if exchange rates don't revert back toward historical norms. We have a solid game plan to drive our strategic progress, and this game plan starts with the steps we've already taken to expand our technology partnerships and with the meaningful initiatives we're implementing this year. For any investors who are new to the Kyndryl story, I want to again highlight a slide we first published in May. It's the slide that provides a breakdown between our margin-challenged focus accounts and the rest of our business. In particular, our aggregate results mask the fact that within Kyndryl, we started with a strong $10 billion business, which we refer to as a blueprint for how we want to operate.
This blueprint consists of accounts that represent about 60% of our revenue, generate average gross margins north of 20%, and reflect our ability to get paid appropriately for the mission-critical services we provide. This source of value is underappreciated because our other roughly $8 billion of focus accounts revenue generates virtually no gross margin and after SG&A expenses is losing money. Our Accounts initiative is all about the opportunity to make our focus accounts look more like the majority blueprint of our business over time by addressing elements of our customer relationships that generate substandard margins. Over time, if we close even 1/2 of the gross margin gap between our focus accounts and our blueprint accounts, we'll generate the $800 million in incremental earnings that we've targeted from these accounts. That's why our Accounts initiative is a major priority and a major opportunity for us.
We're paying close attention to the margins on signings for both our focus accounts and our blueprint accounts. Since the beginning of the year, the overall expected gross margin on our signings has been in the low- to mid-20s, and the pre-tax margin has been in the mid- to high single- digits. The September quarter was a continuation of that trend. What that means is that if our P&L for the next few quarters reflected only our recently signed deals, we'd be operating at mid- to high single-digit adjusted pre-tax margins, not the now slightly negative margin generated largely by our pre-spin legacy signings. Because of the prevalence of multiyear contracts in our business, most of our revenue is still coming from pre-spin signings. As a result, you can't immediately see the benefits of the higher margins at which we're now pricing contracts. That will change with time.
I'm optimistic about our prospects, especially in light of the broad technological expertise we can bring to bear on behalf of our customers, and especially as our business mix increasingly tilts toward more post-spin contracts. In closing, as an independent company, we're solidifying our position as a cost-effective gold standard provider of essential IT services. Other than the impacts of currency movements and higher energy costs, we're delivering on the fiscal 2023 earnings targets we laid out in May, and we're executing on the strategies and initiatives that will drive longer-term progress, future growth, and stronger earnings in our business. With that, Martin and I would be pleased to take your questions.
Thank you. At this time, if you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your touch-tone phone. You may remove yourself from the queue at any time by pressing star two. We'll take our first question from Tien-tsin Huang with JP Morgan. Your line is open. Please go ahead.
Hi. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Just wanted to maybe if you wouldn't mind break down the three-point increase in the constant currency revenue outlook. That'd be great. Thanks.
Sure. Good morning, Tien-tsin, and thanks for the question. What we're seeing is a number of things positively impacting our revenue. First and foremost is Kyndryl Consult revenues being higher than we expected. As we mentioned, those are growing at double- digits in revenues, and the signings have been well north of that. That's been a positive for us. Another positive is actually coming from our focus account initiative. We had assumed in our initial projections that we would have some revenue loss associated with revising, you know, the relationships and working with and working on the focus accounts. So far, that hasn't really materialized. It's been less common play for us to run with the focus accounts rather than expanding scope and improving margins that way.
We've also picked up a little bit of incremental pass-through and OEM resale revenue compared to our projections, and so that's probably about a quarter of the pickup that we had. Then the last piece that's impacting us is that we are getting some inflation adjustment revenues. So as you know, we've got provisions in various parts various contracts that adjust based on wage inflation or other factors, and that's created some additional revenue for us as well. In the scheme of things, you know, that probably you know works against us because we don't fully you know we don't have full offsets for inflation as we look across our entire contract base.
We are seeing a you know partial offset you know some mitigation through those provisions in our contracts. That's really what's driving it, and I would say we're particularly excited about the Kyndryl Consult growth that we're seeing across our geographies.
Yeah. No, perfect. That's great to hear. So maybe as my follow-up, I'll ask on Kyndryl Consult. It's as you called out, strong bookings there as well, performing a little bit better, double-digit growth, you know, et cetera. How would you know, characterize your investments to wanna grow that? I mean, should we think about that as tip-of-the-spear type of work that can drive more follow-on business for broader Kyndryl? Is there more expansion potentially in other geographies, for example? Just trying to better understand where the strategic fit is in growing that business.
Yeah, sure. Thanks, Tien-tsin. It's Martin. Like David said, thanks for joining, and these are great questions. Look, we do think of Kyndryl Consult as a lead-in to fueling our managed services business. As you know, we've spent time on this, we are underweight in the advisory portion of our business at only about 10% relative to the opportunity we see in the marketplace. That opportunity is very much global. It's one that we think will play quite well everywhere.
Our focus here and, you know, we've been clear, we think we can grow this advisory business, Kyndryl Consult, to be probably, you know, 1/2 as big again within our own revenue stream in the medium term. And it is a terrific pathway for us to also support that managed business. It's gone very well. We have been able to expand the relationships we have with our customers. They, you know, they do trust us to run their most important systems, and so therefore, the obvious opportunity for us is to help them more broadly as we build out our practices. This is one.
You know, I would also say it's one where you know this was sort of an undertapped, underleveraged opportunity pre-spin because the business was very focused on building the managed side as opposed to the advisory side. This is a very natural fit for us. It's global, to answer your where, and it has. It's part of our return to growth but also has very appealing margin characteristics. It's a very logical play for us.
Yeah. That's great. Thanks, and good results, for sure, in the areas you can control. Thanks.
Thanks, Tien-tsin. Operator, next question, please.
We'll go next to Millie Wu with Evercore ISI. Your line is open. Please go ahead.
Hi. Thanks for taking the question. This is Millie Wu on for David Togut from Evercore. First question is about demand trends. Sort of given the change in macroeconomic environment, what are you seeing in terms of changes in demand for Kyndryl's service lines? In particular, which segments do you expect to be more resilient than others?
Yeah. Good, Millie. Thank you for the question. Thanks for joining. Look, for us, a couple things to keep in mind as we noted in our prepared remarks, you know, the essential sort of non-discretionary, discretionary nature of what we do insulates our revenue streams from big swings in demand. I think it's important then also to add to that the position we're in creates, I think, a set of idiosyncratic both opportunities and, you know, I'll call it, idiosyncratic tailwinds and idiosyncratic headwinds for us. On the tailwind side, as I just mentioned to Tien-tsin, and David talked about as well, demand for our Kyndryl Consult, our advisory business, is very strong, very solid, revenue opportunities.
That converts much more rapidly into revenue than a more you know a typical longer term managed deal. Demand is strong for our advisory business. As we move in and really build out these relationships with our new alliance partners, you can see you know we're well-positioned to sign $1 billion this year against those hyperscalers alone. Really I think both of those our position in the marketplace plus our relatively new alliance partner says the opportunity that we have and the demand we see at the tailwind side is probably idiosyncratic to us. On the headwind side and you can see it in a number of places.
On the headwind side, you know, advisory constructs tend to be shorter tenor than managed services constructs. So while we see what David noted in his prepared remarks, we see good annual contract value growth in revenue and gross profits for our advisory business. We also know that they're shorter tenor, so they don't produce the same kind of signings number that a managed services would. So but we're focused on that ACV. We're focused on making sure we can maintain gross profit dollar growth here. Then, I think by the way, that's also idiosyncratic to us, given where we are.
Finally, another headwind is as we focus on our focus accounts, you know, we are very focused on the GP dollar opportunity we see. Many of these focus accounts have a kind of a common feature, and that's the amount of hardware and software that is being delivered through us. We're seeing a number of opportunities where we get an opportunity to improve our margins and actually improve our gross profit dollars by allowing, you know, the owner of that hardware and software, you know, mostly IBM, obviously, but we have a few others as well, allowing the owner of that hardware and software to go direct to the customer. It comes out of our contract. We don't have the commercials of the pass-through.
Some of those are negative for us, so we improve margins in a really straightforward way. On the headwind side, you know, the way we're focused on gross profit, which is good for us, it's good, you know, for the hardware and software provider as well, allows us to really drive gross profit dollar growth. It could be a headwind to revenue. It could be a headwind to the signings number. From my perspective, you know, the demand profile we see has been very consistent with what we've experienced the whole first year. Some of that is unique. I think it's because of what we do.
We have these idiosyncratic opportunities to not only improve our revenue position in the future, but also to really make strides in gross profit as well.
Thanks, Millie.
Thank you so much.
Terry? Go ahead, Millie. Do you have another question, or, operator, we can move to the next question. Thank you. Operator.
We'll go take our next question from Jamie Friedman with Susquehanna. Your line is open. Please go ahead.
Hi. Good results here, guys. Just wanna ask. First of all, Martin, it's the roughly one-year anniversary of the company as a separate public entity. So, you know, if you could share with us what's surprised you over the last year, what has delighted you, what's frustrated you, any perspective on the one-year journey would be great.
Yeah. Well, thank you. Thank you for your comment about the results. We feel as well. We feel like we're making great progress here, and we've got a very clear, I think, strategy on how we get revenue back to growth, how we improve gross profit. We feel good about the progress. Look, this has been a wonderful journey of a very important business to how the world works. You know, the Kyndryls around the world have remained energized, excuse me, about where we're going and have been completely focused on continuing to deliver every day to customers. Because we know that this journey and all the things that we will execute in the future rely on us continuing to deliver every day for the customer.
I've been, you know, amazed by the depth of our technical talent. I've been amazed at how quickly our teams are re-skilling and how they wanna move into the future technologies with our customer. We've all been, I think. No, I wouldn't say pleasantly surprised. We've all been encouraged by, you know, all the customers on the journey with us. It's been a terrific year of progress in keeping the customers keeping our customer base with us.
At the end of the day, I guess you know, my one reflection, my one comment I'd add on my observations. You know, this is as much a culture journey for this company as anything else. Yes, the alliances that we've built are really important. The new announcements we've made around bringing innovation to the market like Kyndryl Bridge and new design capabilities like Kyndryl Vital and obviously creating additional value with Kyndryl Consult, those are all really important. But we are also in the midst of a very important culture journey, and we're also in the midst of a very important transformation for how we run our business.
While as you know, tomorrow's the one-year anniversary. We are not only one year old, but we're also halfway through our transition to service agreement period with IBM. We have two years to get off those TSAs. There is a ton going on how we bring innovation to customers. There's a ton going on how we build skills to help integrate others' technologies with our customers. All that's quite exciting, but we're also going through here a substantial culture transformation and a substantial transformation on how we work. That is, you know, that's a heavy lift. That's a lot to get done. The teams are doing a wonderful job as we reshape, you know, almost, not everything, but almost everything about how we operate.
This has been a wonderful journey. Hopefully that gives you a sense of how excited we are. Hopefully that gives you a sense of how much progress, you know, we feel like we're making, and that we've got a very clear path to turning around this business.
Yeah. Sounds encouraging. If I could just follow up about the Japan market. I know you could probably spend the whole session on it, but it's one that I'm less familiar with, although Accenture talks about it a lot. You know, I mean, your growth there was really exceptional. It's a big market for you. What at a high level is different there than, say, elsewhere? You know, any context on Japan would be helpful because I'm not sure most of us on this call are that familiar with that end market.
Yeah. Look, I'll, I mean, I'll ask if David has anything to add to my answer. I guess the thing to note about the Japanese market is a market that has evolved more rapidly than others into a services-led kind of a market. One of the reasons it's our second biggest country and one of the reasons that we do so well there is because we've built terrific services capabilities for you know the biggest companies, the banking systems, the manufacturers, et cetera.
For us, given the nature of the work we do, for us, it's a business that where we have a wonderful reputation of being able to do mission critical with the companies that really matter and that drive their economy. It's an economy that is very services-oriented and likes to consume things on a services basis. This is a good long-term opportunity for us because I think that services orientation that we see in Japan continues to evolve and continues to get stronger. It gives us an opportunity to really do what we do well, which is both integrate others' technologies where in a place where they don't want to consume it as a product.
They really do wanna consume it as a service. It gives us a chance to integrate, and it gives us a chance to bring them some innovation as they evolve, as they rethink their business model. It's big because of the nature of the work we do. It's big because of the role we play, and it's big because it's evolved more rapidly as a services-led consumption model.
Thank you. Thanks, Jamie, for your question. Operator, could we take the next question, please?
We'll go next to Divya Goyal with Scotiabank. Your line is open. Please go ahead.
Good morning, guys. Nice quarter there. I just wanted to get some color. Sorry about my sore throat there, but I just wanted to get some color on, say, the macroeconomic headwinds overall from a debt standpoint. I know David mentioned that, the maturities are out there, long out there, but from an interest standpoint, how does that affect your EBITDA margin or your EPS or your net margins? Basically is what I wanna understand.
Sure. I would say our interest costs are essentially fixed and we're not seeing impacts from higher interest rates in our numbers. I think it would be, you know, it'll still be a couple of years before we need to refinance any of the debt that we have outstanding. Macro, in terms of interest rates, really isn't having an impact on us. Where we are seeing macro impacts, as we mentioned, would be in the area of currency, particularly because we have both the earnings translation as well as dollar-denominated costs in various parts of our business.
We're seeing macro or exogenous impacts from higher energy costs, and that's primarily true in the U.S. and in Europe, and in certain parts of Europe in particular, where electricity costs for data centers are up very significantly. The third is, as Martin mentioned, the macro effects in terms of demand for our services. We're really not seeing significant impacts there. There continues to be good demand for services. We think our business is resilient and fairly insulated.
We feel the you know general customer demand remains strong, and we can benefit from the idiosyncratic opportunities that are available to us as an independent company to be able to grow even in an environment that you know that you know where there's a lot going on from a macro standpoint.
Thank you, Divya.
That's helpful. If I can add one more question there.
Sure.
I just wanted to understand from a growth standpoint, with your hyperscalers and, like, the other relationships broadly beyond IBM, are you focused mostly on internal sales growth initiatives, or would you consider M&A at all in, say, the future years as your avenues for growth?
Yeah, it's a good question. It's Martin. Look, at this point, you know, we have a real focus on getting our teams reskilled. That's working really well. We also have, obviously, as we get this place humming, of course, we'd have an opportunity, we think to add to that. At this point, we stay focused on executing the plays we've called. Keep in mind that, you know, among the big bets we're making is a bet on our existing customer base and really staying focused on those relationships.
We have you know the skills we need that allows us to grow pretty fast in this area. You can see that from the signings growth, and you can see that from the stronger revenue performance here. We're still focused on executing what we have in front of us. Of course, you know, over time there may be something that can help us accelerate that. For now, we're focused on executing the play we've called.
Thanks a lot, Martin. Thanks, guys.
Thanks, Divya. Operator, I think we have one last question.
We do. We'll go to Bill Cunningham with Deutsche Bank. Your line is open. Please go ahead.
Hi, good morning. Can we talk about employee retention? If you could remind me just quickly how you guys measure employee retention and how you're doing on that.
Sure, sure. Our employee retention has been what I'd say at a global level, you know, slightly under what we see in the industry, right? Well, I should say it the other way. Our retention is slightly above industry. The losses are slightly below industry. Sorry about that. It tends to be a very local discussion. There is no one global labor market. When we look at, for instance, our labor pool in India, our retention rate is above, you know, slightly above market there. You get into a discussion very quickly of what's happening in Bangalore and Hyderabad and Delhi and Mumbai.
Again, in each of those places, we're doing well in terms of retaining talent, and we're doing well in terms of attracting talent. When we look at the selectivity that we can have, I give tremendous credit to not only the marketing team for creating a brand that has really gotten people excited, but I give a lot of credit to our alliances team who has moved us into this much broader ecosystem. I give a lot of credit to our local leadership that's created a lot of energy. Obviously, the nature of the work we do is a big appeal.
While our retention rates are slightly above, slightly better than what we see in the industry, even as you start to deconstruct it into what's happening locally, we're also able to attract and be very selective on our hiring. Finally, I mean, I used India as an example, but similarly what we see where we have big delivery centers in Eastern Europe and in other parts of the world, similarly, our retention rates are quite good. You know, again, slightly better than market. Our ability to attract talent is very high, and we can be very selective.
In fact, you know, now that we've built the brand, I'd say that our independence is a massive tailwind for us to attract talent for a number of reasons. One, you know, the ability to play in a broader ecosystem is really it's meaningful to people. It's meaningful to how they think about building their careers and their skills. That's a huge tailwind. The nature of the work, as I said, we do has always been very important. That continues. Our conversion, our shift toward focusing on investing and focusing on being not just integrators but innovators is also a pretty substantial talent pull. We've built the brand to a spot where we are, you know, now well-known.
People know what Kyndryl is, they know what Kyndryl does, and we've overcome those sort of early challenges of coming away from the IBM brand. Now, everything we're doing is a tailwind to attracting talent, and we've had very good success in bringing people on.
Okay, that's helpful. Just a real quick follow-up, if I may, is that I certainly appreciate the very consistent message that you guys have had in terms of, you know, credit ratings, liquidity, you know, making that a priority. I guess I'd ask the question, open market debt purchases, is that something that you guys have, you know, done the work on and possibly, you know, talked to the Board about? Thank you.
This is David. We have done the work on that and looked at that. As we look at things, we do feel the debt's certainly attractively priced. Our focus right now is on maintaining liquidity in this environment and, you know, making sure we're well positioned from that perspective going forward. It's not something that at this point we're planning to pursue. You know, it's the sort of thing we definitely look at.
Okay, terrific. Appreciate the time, guys. Thanks.
Thank you, Bill. Let me turn the call back to Martin to close out.
Yeah, thank you. Thank you, Lori. Thanks, everyone for joining us today. Look, since the last time we had a call, you know, ±90 days ago, I'd say, you know, really good progress that we see on the Three-A's and positions us well for what we said we'd get done this year. You saw us in the last 90 days announce really three exciting announcements that are going to be a big part of our future around Kyndryl Bridge, Kyndryl Vital and Kyndryl Consult. All three exciting. You know, we also know that now, you know, IBM has gotten its shares back into the market, so that overhang is gone.
We're looking forward to, you know, a big second half of our fiscal year as we continue to execute and stay focused on our customer base, stay focused on building the skills that our customers are asking us to have for them and, you know, delivering every day so we maintain their trust. It's been an exciting 90 days, and we look forward to talking to you in another 90. Thanks, everyone.
Great. Thanks, Martin. Operator, I'll pass the call back to you.
Thank you. Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes today's Kyndryl second quarter 2023 earnings call and webcast. You may disconnect your line at this time, and have a wonderful day.