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Goldman Sachs Communacopia Technology Conference 2023

Sep 7, 2023

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Isn't this an amazing conference? What do you guys think? I wasn't lying when I said day three is gonna be the best day. Don't tell that to executives that presented on day one and day two. Right, Amy?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Exactly. Exactly.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Amy, a little known trivia is that we should be saying, "Welcome back to Goldman. Welcome back home.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

That's right.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

You used to work at Goldman.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I did, a long many moons.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Many moons ago.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Many moons ago. Many moons ago. It was my first job. Well, not my first, first job, but, like, my first, you know-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

After business school or before business?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Professional job.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah. Mm-hmm. Were we nice to you?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah, I put some hours in.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Okay. That's very. That's the ethos. It's hard work.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I'm not sure how to answer that, Kash, but I put some hours in, learned a lot, met a lot of great people.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

I'm continuing the tradition.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

There you go.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

So welcome to the Goldman Sachs Technology, Communacopia + Technology Conference. I just want to start off with a question, high-level question. So you and Satya have talked about three key priorities: maintaining your lead as a top in Commercial Cloud-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yep

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

... investing to be ahead of the curve with AI, and driving operating leverage at the same time. You invest, and you drive leverage at the same time. What are the things you need to do right in order to get all these three things perfectly on the dot?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Oh, that's, that's a good question. You know, I think for us, if you think about those three priorities, at some level, we've spent the past decade, as a leadership team, working to deliver things, in parallel, right? Whether that was growing our leadership to be a leader in Commercial Cloud and delivering, what I think of as quite strong operating results through that period. And if you think back a decade, the third piece of that was investing to lead in Commercial Cloud.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

The tools and the execution are quite consistent.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Now, the second priority is investing to lead in AI instead of, you know, investing in the cloud transition.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

In many ways, I think, the skills, capabilities of the leadership team, the technical skills our teams have, are far better than they were a decade ago, when we started the first journey-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... to make the transition to the cloud. And so I think, you know, when we talk about what does it mean to maintain our leadership in Commercial Cloud, it means continuing to invest and take share at every layer of the stack.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

When it says, "Investing to lead," the AI wave, it's both building the infrastructure, but also the capabilities, the partnerships, the talent we need, and I think that's something that I feel good that we've been doing.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think it became more transparent to others, that we've been doing it, in the spring.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yes.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And then the final piece, deliver operating leverage. I sometimes think it's a fancy way of saying, "Continue to put your resources where they add the most differentiated value.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

The language we would use internally often is more that, you know, what's the most important thing you have?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

It's about where you put your talent and your resources toward growth and making those calls, and those are calls we're generally used to making.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think the pace of this wave, I think, is what's, you know, bringing some of the excitement-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

that we see. I think with experience, you're pretty good at pace.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think that's probably how I think about it.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

You've done this really well the last cycle, right? You've managed to not compromise the investments while driving the leverage.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

So there's a playbook that

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Well, I think there's a playbook. I think there's also capabilities.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

It's one thing to have a list of things that you should do, and it's another thing to have done them, built experience, built context, built the fabric. And more importantly, built the architecture, that can be a platform that we didn't have-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... a decade ago.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Or more than a decade ago, I guess, now that I've been here a while. And so I think that that always feels good.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yes.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You know, you're- we're more familiar with those types of transitions, and there's a lot of confidence that comes in your ability-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yes

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

to make them.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Right?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah. Very few companies have made the transition work, and you guys did it. I remember Azure was something that we talked about in 2009, 2008, but it's not a new thing. It's-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah. Well, I think I like to talk about it a lot more than you would ask me about it in 2008 and 2009. You know, I think this is one of those things where, you know, people do forget it's been—that transition has been a long time to get us to this place.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

-where we are as the leader in Commercial Cloud, and I feel very good about that. I feel good about the capabilities that the team has-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Got it

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... to deliver as we make this next transition.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Got it. So our economist, Jan Hatzius, has been calling for a soft landing. We call it a software landing. That's a Goldman Sachs-specific term. So it looks like the odds of a recession are lower than what the entire industry thought. So as you look at calendar 2024, when you talk to customers, what is your collective assessment of where enterprise tech spending is heading at this juncture in the economic cycle?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

This question, I think, I've been asked now for a couple, couple of years in different ways, and I start by saying, you know, two things. Number one, we're tend to be long-term believers in tech growth. And so we tend to say we think, tech spending as a percentage of that GDP will double. Still believe that. And then the second thing we're pretty consistent on is that, we should control what's controllable for us, and that's our execution and our focus on share gains and staying competitive. You know, in a short-term period of time, it's, it's best for me not to worry about the things that I can't control and focus a lot on the things I can, which is leadership, share gains, investment in the next cycle, customer usage, customer wins.

I think when we do that, and we've done that, I think, through other periods.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

It's always served us well.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

That focus on what you can control tends to lead you to far better outcomes-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

-than cycles spent on whether it's better or worse or the same or-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

-than yesterday.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah. Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think the nature of our relationships with customers is not about-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

a day-to-day relationship.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

It's about fundamental transitions that they're trying to make in their infrastructure, in their business, in their applications, in their focus.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And so if that's their focus, and that's our focus-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

It tends to work quite, quite well.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

-to not be so, so short term. And so I think that tends to be my perspective on this one. But I think lots of people who are much closer-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Much closer

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

to it like to opine

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And they should certainly do that.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

At a high level, there is this fascination of what, what does next year's budget look like? Is it up or down? And then you get into the micro aspects-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

... of it. Well, it's a cyclical thing, and what's the structure of it?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Well, you just have to just be more, I mean, I think in some ways, I always say, I mean, I'm a budget person.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

That's right.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You might imagine.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Where'd you get that from?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I know. I mean, I'm the only one that loves budgets. So, I think if you stay focused on, "Wait, I want to be the most important thing, no matter what the budget size is-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

you always end up

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yes

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

in a better place, and that's something, again, you can control.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You know, are we working on the right priorities with customers? Are we in the best position?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Have we built trust?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Have we executed against that?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Do we have great ideas to deliver value, in the short term?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Right. Can we deliver great ROIC to a customer because on their most important thing-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

they've asked for help? And those things make you the top of a budget.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And then I'm far less concerned about, you know, what is the budget.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Budget, yeah. That's really well said. I want to move on to AI. I'm sure you've never been asked a question. Somebody just woke up. Good morning. No, I didn't mean to say good morning. Can you... This podcast you did with your CTO, Kevin Scott, by the way, fascinating guy, absolutely fascinating.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Very talented guy.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Brilliant, beautiful mind like our CIO.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Well, you said, "This could be the quickest path to $10,000,000,000 ." I was trying to do some calculations on a spreadsheet, trying to wrangle my brain about it, and I said, "You know what, Amy? Let me just ask Amy what she meant by that." And, can you give us a little bit more color on,

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Sure, sure. You know, I think in, in some ways, if you think about the combine two things, you combine, addressable market and pace. If you think about AI, our ability and to monetize that sits at every layer of the platform, whether that's Azure OpenAI Services, whether that's, the Copilot, GitHub Copilot. You think about the breadth of the portfolio that we've announced, and it's either already shifting and being used or we're getting close.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

It would tell you that we're able to probably more quickly make those transitions than we made the server to cloud-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Transition. The products are coming faster. They're coming with higher quality. They're more finished.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

The opportunity is quite clear. Customer demand is already there. There's pull.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I remember a lot more pushing-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yes

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

-um, along-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Cloud play, you know, yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah, it took a lot more of that. And so you combine those factors, with what I do think is sort of a unique moment-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... that this tech transition makes many things more possible sooner.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You would say it absolutely should be the fastest $10,000,000,000 business we've ever built.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And then we should be investing toward that belief. And for me, that means: where are you putting your operating resources? Where are you putting your capital? What's the partnerships you're building? What's the customer investment you're making? And it's really important for all those things to align.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah. Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Because otherwise, you're just probably lacking ambition-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... if you're not willing to be consistent in your logic-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

that the opportunity's there, the product's there, there's customer demand, so then you should be investing toward that.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think that's another thing, maybe, you know, you learn over time...

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... right? Is that, you have to align those things in a deep way.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

The company executes that at its very best.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah. And you did that with the cloud. I mean, directing your capital. We used to ask: "Why is CapEx going up?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Cloud?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You know, I think one of the things that we do take quite seriously is our commitment-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

To be clear about what we're doing.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Right?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Why we're doing it.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And then to deliver results that are in line with that commitment and so I think saying it can be the fastest $10,000,000,000 business, I think, is both a statement about TAM, execution, our position, and what the market feels like in terms of pace.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

We hope that when you come back the next time, if you do, we hope you do, that there is a bigger target than $10,000,000,000 .

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yes, we were talking last night a bit about, you know, my first, I think, Analyst Day, where we talked about-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

2014?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think that was it.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think I've sort of tend to-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Moscone, right?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Like, sort of-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... block some of it out.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah. Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

where we talked about our first cloud target-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... you know, for ARR, and, you know, I think it's interesting in that regard.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

You crushed it. I remember asking you a question. You had 160,000,000 seats of Office 365 as your target. It seemed like a really big target. Today, you have multiples of that.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Congrats,

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Well, mostly to everybody else-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... but I get to come here and talk about it, which is probably far easier than the execution.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

The partnership with OpenAI, that, that's key to your AI strategy, so can you help us understand the nature of this partnership? What is the life of this? Is it perpetuity? A short-term thing? There's a lot of mystery around this, this OpenAI thing.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Goodness. First of all, the partnership, as we've, I think, talked about, started years ago. We were already making investments in AI, had AI services. You know, there's a lot of ambition, I think, from that team, and there still is, of course, in terms of what's possible, and I think their ambition and our capabilities at the platform were a really strong overlap, to be able to execute, help us both execute better. Then that partnership evolved over time, as we've talked about, with investments, and now really a partnership where we're both able to grow our businesses and commercialize, and I'm really excited for what they've achieved, and I'm really excited for what we've achieved, but I think we each bring, you know, unique things to the partnership.

You know, I think it's something that is, you know, a durable partnership, and, you know, I'm always excited when both companies are able to achieve better things.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

We've done that together, which is good.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. And, so this, we should not assume any risk to the, the nature of the agreement and to... Life's good so far.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You should assume we're both executing-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Okay

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... I think really well and pleased with our ability to work together.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Got it. So we have a tremendous number of companies that are using Azure OpenAI services.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Mm-hmm.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

I think the last count was about 11,000, and you added a dizzying pace of what? 100 customers a day in the June quarter. How do you see this trajectory playing out in your pipeline, the depth and breadth of these customer engagements?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think I often get asked, "Is there any-- is it, is it unique to geo, or industry-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... or size of company or? It's-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Use cases.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Use cases. The reality is, when you get to numbers like 11,000, it's pretty globally distributed.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Most industries are represented.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think the number, and the excitement around use cases, is actually pretty broad-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... Ash, I would say. Everyone from, you know, I think, there's a lot of good use cases and, I think blogs by our head of sales, Judson Althoff, who'd go through specifics, and I think gives you a sense. But it's, you know, everything from car manufacturers to, big healthcare companies-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... to industrials, and whether they're doing automation work-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

- whether they're doing, marketing-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

...

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Marketing, a lot

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... which I think is popular.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Whether they're doing customer service engagement, customer support work, you know, review summaries. I mean, there's just, there's-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

The use cases at this point tend to more be limited, I think, by the experimentation companies are going through, trying to figure out where they can get the highest return-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Uh-huh

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... on that investment.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

They tend to be great engagements, right?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... with customers because they're really trying to solve, you know: Where, where can I put this to use and get-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... return quite quickly?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm. Mm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And I think customers are seeing that-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... which is why, why I think you still continue to see optimism, right?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah. Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Otherwise, when you try something, and you don't see the return, I think-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... it can be more tempered. But it seems like across industries, across customers-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... we still have good wait lists.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah. A wait list?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah, we'd like to have less waiting.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

But we need to work through that and continue to get customers and proof of concepts that they love-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Sure

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... that they're excited about getting deployed, and so, you know, we'll continue to work through that, too.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

How long is the wait list? Long?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Lots of customers who are excited-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... which I'm excited about.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Great. That's great. It's good to curate the first set of customers, get them successful, and then open up.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Well, I think you just wanna make sure that that you're able to do the work that you're trusted to do.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah. Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

that you find use cases that customers that can be done responsibly and safely, with a focus on return for them, and I think, you know, that's part of the excitement at the beginning of any new technology is to see.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Exciting? Very exciting.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah, it is. It's exciting.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Gili said she is dying to ask, not dying to-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I know! I was waiting.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Waiting to ask the question.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I was waiting to make sure you gave her time.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Otherwise, Kash, I was gonna give you feedback.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

I know, I know, right? Gili, sorry.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Well, thank you. Thank you, first of all, Amy, for being here and taking the time to be with us today. I know I wanted to just double-click on Azure and a little bit of what you're seeing when it comes to the cloud optimization. You talked a lot about the investment cycle you've done over the past decade and the transition that we've seen. What are you evaluating when it comes to customer cohorts or geos, and to evaluate, like, where we are in this cycle and how long it might last?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I have to say, this is the question that I think we get asked the most.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Hopefully, this one's a little different.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

No, it's not about that. It's, I think, because, it's become, I think, just a new, almost a new language that means, frankly, I didn't do a great job of explaining that optimization is sort of just part of running workloads and has always been a part of running workloads.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think, when things were, you know, really, really, really growing, and you never talked about it because, I mean, it just seemed like a normal part of running a business. So first, I would say, there's not anything particular that I would go through on cohorting, or geos, or industries, or where they are in cycles. I would back up and say, you know, customers optimize. Our job as the platform provider is to help them do that.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

We should incent our people to help them do that. It's about running a workload as efficiently as you can to get the highest return over every dollar spent. It's an important concept.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And then, you want that money reinvested in, into new workloads. And of course, the interest we're seeing in AI is a great example of that, right? Being able to make room in your budget to get started on some of the newer or maybe just a different workload that's been on your list, right, and that you've tried to work into your budget. And so I look and say, "Gosh, you know, our..." At Microsoft, in particular, I think, our comps are, you know, we're starting to lap some of the bigger, optimization quarters, almost people call them, which makes me laugh a little bit, but we're starting to lap some of the bigger ones.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

But people should not think that means that's a thing that came and lasted a little bit, and then people stopped doing it. Customers should do it. They should get the most value out of it, and we should continue to have them focus on reinvesting, hopefully, that savings and room in their budget back into new workloads. And so I think that's a process that we're focused on making sure we're doing, and it's also a process that, because of some of the comps, gets a little easier, which I know everybody is always focused exactly on that one number. And I think that is probably a... I should say it differently. Everybody's welcome to think of it the way they want, right? That's about life.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

The way I tend to think about it is how, as I described it, right?

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Which is, it's a normal part, and our job is to make sure we do that, and customers get value, and then we can help them reinvest it in great things.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

So on that reinvestment, and obviously, with Generative AI, how are you thinking about the magnitude of implications that might have when it comes to inferencing or training? And obviously, Azure is going to see an impact from not just Azure-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Right

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

... but also Office 365 and all the other Copilots you touched on.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah, that's. You know, it's interesting. In general, one of the important concepts for us this time, as opposed to maybe a decade ago, is a decade ago, we had a lot of different businesses running on their own infrastructure, right? 'Cause we were taking, which sounds antiquated-

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... we took Exchange and then made Exchange Online. We had SharePoint, we made SharePoint Online.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Then we had the platform, right? This time around, you can say when you have those things, you notice there's an opportunity for inefficiency, right?

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

There's no fungibility of assets. This time, sitting under a lot of this, right, is a very fungible platform. And so whether that platform needs to be used to support third parties or is supporting first parties, it's the same platform. So, demand and the ability to say, "Oh, gosh, we've got more Copilot demand," or, "We've got more platform, third-party demand for Azure OpenAI Service," it lends itself to a lot more flexibility-

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... on whether that's an inferencing workload, maybe it could be a training workload, which has some unique aspects, but in general-

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... the bigger point, I think, for us, and for how we're running the business, is to make sure that is as fungible as it can be so that we're able to meet the customer demand as it exists. And do it in the way that makes the most sense for us. And so, I tend to think, well, people call—I call that thing Azure, right?

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And so then Azure then fully sits under every AI-enabled workload that we offer, is the, is probably the best way of thinking about it, which is far different from a decade ago, and I think allows for a lot more confidence in terms of return on invested capital over a shorter period of time.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Does that translate to CapEx when you think about that incremental step up?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

They're all lined.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah, so, like, when you think, like, if we think about the incremental step up, I think something that the community is really thinking through is: how much of that is gen AI related, and how much of that is data centers? And you guys have a much broader footprint now than you did when you first started with Azure.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

That's exactly right. You know, I think some people are like: "Oh, gosh, is this all for gen AI?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

The reality is, it's not. We have a giant cloud business, a lot of the capital is going to support that cloud business. I guess I could call it non-AI?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

It's a funny term, but is to maintain replacement capital, growth capital, just for the core.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Then you have the investment that's coming to support. I'll use the term "AI-enabled workloads.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

that's the Copilot

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yes.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Azure OpenAI services, and that's another piece of it.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

But I wouldn't say it wouldn't be right to think the most of that is AI related-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

I think the.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

But it's a big piece.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

The investor feedback has been, it's all about GPUs, AI is all about GPUs. So if you're gonna be doing AI, then you're buying more GPUs, which are inherently more expensive. They depreciate much quicker, so everybody's doing the math on assimilating that the core Azure has a certain CapEx profile and certain profile of the tech stack that goes into it.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

... which is well commoditized, well-worn, you got massive efficiencies-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

and economies of scale, whereas this new cycle you're getting into, that's the concern. So well, I guess,

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah, and I think it's in some ways, you know, the skills and efficiencies that we've gone through on the Azure side of running an at-scale business, you'll see the same things happen on the AI platform side. You'll see software improvements, you'll see power improvements, you'll see investments in optimizing these large models.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You'll see... And so you'll-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Uh, yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... you'll end up with, you know, a lot of efficiency growth is—

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... I think, I would-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Say is a good way of also thinking about it. You know, there are always to use your inefficiencies-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... when you're seeing some surge-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... like we are.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

But only in that it takes time to plug things in.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... you know, but the time until it's being utilized is pretty, pretty short.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Whereas, I think in the—if you say, "Gosh, well, is it the same as it was 5 years ago or 10 years ago in this process?" It's not. I mean, it time to monetize or time to revenue is pretty tight.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

The learnings, and that was really the heart of the question, that the efficiencies you picked up in the prior cycle, some of that is translatable.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Although people look at the jump in CapEx and say, "Well, it's really inefficient," but it's not.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

No,

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

You can overcome this learning.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

No, I think if you think about the fact that most of the things that we're talking about contributing a point or two in revenue-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... from AI, we started talking about for the first time in March.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And so, like, if you take, like, just a minor step back from the excitement, we're seeing, I would argue, you know, quite, quite good revenue-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... growth, from products that are months in market.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I also think it's important to realize, you know, that AI workloads don't just require AI services, right? They require data services-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... they require other platform services.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Good point, yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And whether that's the excitement around Fabric, whether that's the excitement-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... around some of the other data work, I think, that we've announced recently. It-- you'll see AI workloads contribute to core Azure, even if it's not AI revenue.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Exactly, yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

It's an important concept.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

That's partially what additionally drives, you know, capital needs, right? Is that you gotta have a, the investment in the data estate-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... a prerequisite.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Amy, are we gonna have more Copilots than pilots? That's not a question, but I'm trying to prompt-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I wasn't gonna answer it anyway.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Oh, yeah, 'cause everybody's talking about Copilots, so you guys are... And then a whole bunch of software companies: "Everybody's got a Copilot.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Oh.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Even on-premises companies have Copilots, which doesn't make any sense-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Yeah

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

... because they're on-premises, and what would you be flying?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

No.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Anyway, so that's-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I was gonna say-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

My question-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

We have a few.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

My real question is, you've got a beta program going on at Office, Microsoft 365 Copilot. I think one, a financial services firm that I may be affiliated with-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Mm-hmm

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

... and you may have been affiliated in the past, is also testing it out. What has been the customer feedback on this Copilot, and how are they justifying the price you're asking?

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

The feedback's been good. You know, we made a point to have a good customer—I think industry representation, functional representation, to get good feedback on how it's being used. As you might imagine, you know, people are like: "Oh, you know, you use PowerPoint, and you're able to fix," you know. Listen, I know it sounds much like, "Oh, my gosh, that doesn't sound like it saves time." Listen, if you can say something, "Hey, please fix all these fonts," through a 40-page deck-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

I know

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... and it used to take you, I mean, a long time.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

I like Helvetica, she likes Courier.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Right.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

We have today.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I mean, this is the kind of thing-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... that causes a real problem in my world.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I have some notification issues. So, you know, if you can do that in a second.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

But you do that 1,000 times, for a lot of people who are working day to day and having deliverables, whether you're doing marketing content generation, whether you're doing prompts, as you're doing maybe creative and ideation has been a lot of the feedback. I think Teams, in general, has gotten a lot of feedback.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

in terms of its ability to do meeting recap-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

meeting summary. If you can't be there, it feels more like you were there. That ability to really-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think, better use your time, maybe. I don't know, maybe everybody only goes to meetings, that they're like: "Oh, my gosh, I'm so glad I came." I, on occasion, am willing to just read a summary and feel pretty good about it.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And I think, but think about that in terms of having everybody's knowledge be more up to date. You feel like information passes fast. There's just so many-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think, natural extensions when you use it. I think it's been changing for me in terms of how I work. I can speak individually, but I'm not terribly interesting. What's interesting is, I think, the broad feedback, and the broad feedback's been quite good.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

The feedback is what we use to inform the price.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

That price is value-based.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I feel quite good about it.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

It goes back to your earlier point. At a high level, we talked about IT budgets and... but the point is to gain a share and be at the top of the stacks, and your, your answer is that, yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

This is, I think, one of the most important things is, like, if this can't be tech for tech's sake.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

It's gonna add and change how you work, the efficiency of your work, the value of your work, and if it does that-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... then it'll be at the top of the budget list. I think that's on us-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

To ship a high-quality product with great innovation, that keeps getting better, and that customers say, "Absolutely.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You know? You know, listen, we'll, we'll still bicker, right?

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

'Cause that's just, like, the nature of how you procure.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

But at a fundamental level, that's the bar, right? And I think it's important to always take the customer perspective on a lot of these things-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... is that you have to earn that, right? You earn it through making it obvious that their employees' lives got better.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I'm excited to have that happen.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

I thought I would ask you one more question about the attach rate that you expect against this 160,000,000 Office installed base for Copilot. But, but I, I-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You're gonna guess them.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Y-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

You're gonna say-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Y-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

something like, "Listen, we're excited to get to GA. We're excited about the feedback. We're excited that we have 160,000,000 customers to talk to about this, that are already using and loving-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... Microsoft 365, and have the opportunity to have them get more value out of it.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

That's probably what I would've said.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

In the 40 seconds that we have, any key messages you want us to take away? What have you-

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Well, no, I feel like it's-- I always... I love these meetings, but I always feel like we don't talk about some of our businesses.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm-hmm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

And so I would say-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

You're welcome to come back.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Sorry. I know. We had a big day in our gaming business yesterday with the official launch of Starfield. And I think Phil Spencer mentioned it on social media that, you know, we had 1,000,000 concurrent users on the first day. It's a huge-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Wow

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... moment for us. It's a brand-new franchise. I'm super proud of that team.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Mm.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I think a lot of optimism about the title. Also saw some good play on PC, which is a great extension, which we've been talking a lot about, extending our gaming franchise beyond just the console. So since we don't ever talk about consumer, and I happen to love the gaming business, thought I'd get my pitch in for Starfield.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Thank you. Thank you.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

But other than that, thanks, everybody, for I always-

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Thank you.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Oh, thank you, Kash. Thank you, Gili.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Thank you.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

I really do appreciate the time-

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Thanks

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

... and the opportunity to be here, so thanks.

Kash Rangan
Managing Director and Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Thanks for coming back. Let's give a round of applause.

Gili Naftalovich
Equity Research Analyst, Goldman Sachs

Thank you.

Amy Hood
EVP, CFO, Microsoft

Mm-hmm. Thank you.

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