Thank you for standing by, and welcome to the Nutanix Q3 Fiscal 2020 Earnings Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen only mode. After the speakers' presentation, there will be a question and answer session. To ask a question during the session, you need to press star one on your telephone. Please be advised that today's conference is being recorded. If you require any further assistance, please press star zero. I'd now like to turn the conference over to your speaker today, Tonya Chin, VP of Investor Relations and Corporate Communications. Thank you. Please go ahead.
Good afternoon, and welcome to today's conference call to discuss the results of our third quarter of fiscal 2020. This call is also being broadcast over the web and can be accessed in the investor relations section of the Nutanix website. Joining me today are Dheeraj Pandey, Nutanix's CEO, and Duston Williams, Nutanix's CFO. After the market closed today, Nutanix issued a press release announcing financial results for the third quarter of fiscal 2020. If you'd like to read the release, please visit the press release section of the Nutanix website. During today's call, management will make forward-looking statements, including statements regarding our business plans and financial targets in future periods, the timing and impact of our transition to a subscription business model, the factors driving our growth, the benefits and capabilities of our new and existing products, and the current and anticipated impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, some of which are beyond our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially and adversely from those anticipated by these statements. For a detailed description of these factors, please refer to our SEC filings, including our most recent quarterly report on Form 10-Q, as well as our earnings press release. These forward-looking statements apply as of today, and we undertake no obligation to update these statements after this call. As a result, you should not rely on them as representing our views in the future. Please note, unless otherwise specifically referenced, all financial measures we use on today's call are expressed on a non-GAAP basis and have been adjusted to exclude certain charges.
We have provided, to the extent available, reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to GAAP financial measures in the investor relations section of our website and in our earnings press release. With that, I'll turn the call over to Dheeraj. Dheeraj?
Thank you, Tonya, good afternoon, everyone. I appreciate you joining us today and hope that you and your loved ones are safe and healthy during this time. Since we last spoke during our second quarter earnings call in late February, the way we live has undoubtedly changed. At that time, we were just beginning to see the impact of the coronavirus, which was largely isolated to just Asia. As we tried to estimate the potential impact of the virus, we provided Q3 guidance that reflected the worsening business conditions in Asia, noting we couldn't then predict what would happen in the rest of the world. Today, just 90 days later, we find ourselves nearly two months into a global pandemic. Today, I'll start by covering our response to COVID-19, including the trends we are seeing across our customers and end markets.
I'll also talk about where we are finding opportunities to better serve our customers as the pandemic meaningfully alters the future of work, and I hope makes us a stronger company as we come out on the other side of this. I'll then turn to talk about the quarter and discuss how the steps we have taken recently enabled us to deliver a strong Q3 performance. Finally, I'll provide an update on the progress we have made in our subscription business model transformation before turning the call over to Duston to discuss our results in more detail. Starting with COVID-19. In February, it was business as usual, and by the end of the month, we anticipated there could be a demand issue in APJ, as we noted on our Q2 earnings call.
Beginning in March and continuing through April, we saw an increase in demand for our end user computing offerings, which include both VDI and desktop as a service solutions. In the rest of our business, we saw some modernization projects spill over into future quarters as customers faced rapidly changing financial circumstances. This is a time of broad uncertainty, it is also a time of great opportunity. Most long-lasting companies that went past their first decade went through an annealing process during a recession and came out stronger. We have been able to quickly assess the situation and make informed real-time changes to how we operate our business. To that end, Nutanix has been focused on the wellness of our employees, customers, and core products while revisiting productivity and cash efficiency. Let me touch on each of these in more detail, starting with employees.
By mid-March, as the pandemic began impacting EMEIA and the U.S., our global employee base began working from home. While we had never envisioned such an abrupt change to our working environment, this was an extremely smooth transition because we work remotely thanks to our own technology. Within it, roughly 30% of our global team members working remotely and 70% working in our offices to nearly 100% were in operation. With our work from home systems firmly in place, our employee productivity has held steady and even improved in some cases. Employee engagement has also seen a slight positive uptick. Some of our productivity advantages are due in part to, "Drinking our own champagne" as our CIO likes to say.
Citrix VDI. An autonomous AOS and AHV-powered infrastructure with zero-touch operations, Xi Leap disaster recovery as a service, Nutanix Files for application data, and Frame desktop as a service are the necessary pillars of our company's IT strategy that has been in the works for several years before this pandemic. In many ways, this digital infrastructure is now the biggest reason why we found this discontinuity to be so much less painful than many other businesses. Turning to our customers. During this time, we also put to the test our ability to provide the exemplary service that our customers and partners have come to expect from Nutanix, even as our entire team works from home. In early March, we communicated our intent to continue to provide 24 by seven support remotely. Thanks to the hard work and dedication of our employees, we've been able to achieve just that.
We have received numerous unsolicited positive responses from our customers, thankful for our attention to their needs at this time. In fact, our industry-leading customer support NPS score has actually increased, with our third-quarter scores reaching the highest level they have been in the past 4 years. As we are focusing on the health of our employees and customers, we're also focusing on the health of our business. While financial strength and flexibility are always a priority, we're taking proactive steps to manage operating expenses and cash use to better position the business as we navigate through the pandemic and beyond. Duston will provide more detail, but in summary, we've implemented 2 non-consecutive single week of unpaid time off for many of our employees around the world, one week in each of Q4 FY 2020 and Q1 FY 2021.
We have carefully coordinated these actions to minimize the impact on our customers and our employees while prioritizing temporary measures such as furloughs instead of permanent changes such as layoffs. We also believe in sharing the burden across all levels of the organization, and as such, our executive team took a 10% reduction in salary starting in April. Our efforts are not stopping there as we continue to look for areas to save on operating expenses more broadly. Other areas where we are driving smart savings are within our marketing organization by pivoting to innovative and engaging virtual solutions. We have been encouraged by the early returns on our shift to virtual events from traditional in-person events such as our regional .NEXT and tours and technology boot camps.
We have gone completely virtual and are seeing comparable yields in terms of qualified leads and virtual meetings for our sales organization at less than half the cost. Another key digital initiative to further improve our ease of use in doing business is our test-drive product and offer. We've truly doubled down on this particular demand generation initiative, which is designed to enable our prospects to experience Nutanix products via a zero-touch, self-service, Google Cloud-powered platform. With that, let me turn to the quarter. We were pleased with our Q3 performance. In fact, despite challenging market conditions, our final results came in modestly ahead of the preliminary ranges we pre-announced several weeks ago. TCV billings were $380 million, up 17% year-over-year, and TCV revenue was $314 million, up 18% year-over-year.
Both metrics also came in above the midpoint of our guidance we provided in our last earnings call. Total revenue was up $318 million, has returned to double-digit year-over-year growth of 11%. Despite revenue compression resulting from our continued subscription model transition and hardware elimination, we also delivered a strong performance on EPS. Customers who have a lifetime spend with us of more than $10 million have once again grown more than 60% year-over-year, both in number of total accounts and in aggregate dollars spent. There are 64 customers in this category, and they now account for more than $1.2 billion of lifetime spend with us. Our customer cohorts with a minimum lifetime spend of $3 million grew 37% year-over-year with 329 accounts, and they have collectively spent more than $2.5 billion in lifetime spend, growing 43% year-over-year.
The number of customers that spent more than $1 million with us in lifetime spend has increased to 1,122, up to 32% year-over-year. Moreover, once again, these customers grew nearly 40% year-over-year in total lifetime spend. In Q3, we closed 59 deals worth over $1 million, growing 31% year-over-year in TCV bookings. 11 of these 59 accounts also spent at least $1 million with us last quarter, and their aggregate purchase of nodes increased over 40% from last quarter. We now count nearly 910 of the Global 2000 customers have collectively spent than in the same quarter a year ago. Global 2000 customers continue to be approximately 30% privileged to serve a total of 16,580 customers in over 140 countries.
While we were ensuring our employees could effectively and productively work from home, we also launched programs aimed at helping our customers to quickly set up remote work environments for the employees. I'm proud to report that many of the big pharma companies, both in the U.S. and Europe, are using Nutanix infrastructure to make progress on medical research to fight this virus. We also launched Fast Track for End User Computing, or EUC, a special program to help companies quickly expand capacity or set up a new VDI or desktop as a service environment to support remote work. Over the past decade, we've delivered millions of desktops reliably to enterprises large and small. We believe that the future of work has been meaningfully altered due to this pandemic, as has the future of healthcare and education.
How work, healthcare, and education get delivered in the coming years will depend largely on computing environments that get delivered via a cloud, but without the burden of rewriting older applications. Hyper-converged infra cloud, Infrastructure as a Service, or IaaS, in the lift and shift to the cloud, both private and public, as virtualization did more than a decade ago without any change to legacy apps or operating systems. In fact, while many of our deals in the quarter were a continuation of longstanding data center modernization projects, we did see demand for our end user computing solutions increase significantly during the quarter. EUC related sales increased to 27% of TCV bookings, up from 20% last quarter, and up from 18% a year ago. EUC deals also brought in 20% of our new customers during the quarter.
Xi Frame, our desktop as a service offering, or DaaS, demonstrated solid momentum and had a record quarter. In some cases, thanks to extraordinary efforts put forth by our customer service and sales teams, we were able to get some customers set up with remote work solutions in record time. Our customers' expectations include having remote work as a necessary component of their own digital transformation. This focus on end user computing is bringing us back to our roots, when a much larger piece of our business was supporting virtual desktop workloads, primarily to U.S.-based government organizations. Ten years ago, we took a contrarian approach to betting VDI as the killer app for our scale-out architecture within the data center. It was contrarian because pundits thought Windows was dead in the era of mobile computing, while we had a long-lived Windows mantra for the enterprise.
VDI was also mission-critical, as the entire front office would not even have a browser if we suffered a downtime. Over time, as we grew our portfolio, VDI remained important, though a smaller percentage of our business. When we acquired Frame in 2018, we broadened our end user coverage to as-a-service, and last year we combined our VDI and DaaS groups under one organization. Looking back, this pandemic has made us realize how critical that reconfiguration has been between our digital HCI platform, supporting Citrix and VMware VDI, and our SaaS-based desktop service. In our largest deal of this quarter, totaling over $7 million, one of the largest financial services holding companies in the U.S. came to us for a highly agile digital infrastructure to build their private cloud. Due to a recent merger, this Global 2000 company needed to share desktops seamlessly between their two large entities.
The ease of deployment of our software significantly reduced the bottleneck of storage and compute in time-sensitive workload deployments. Because our software is so easy to use, the EUC team has been able to take ownership of the entire stack. We have a similar story to share about a large American financial services company that purchased nearly $5 million of our software this quarter, bringing their lifetime spend with us to over $18 million. Now they're using Nutanix Core Software and our AHV Hypervisor for all employees working from home, as well as using us for three large business-critical applications. Both of these large financial institutions have immense respect for our customer service and have mentioned that our support organization was a key factor in their decision to go all in with Nutanix. We are grateful to our SRE team for obsessing over the customer and frontline.
On the topic of going all in, we saw robustness in our overall product portfolio this quarter. Before I talk about our portfolio, let me attempt to describe our portfolio to you one more time. You should think of Core HCI with our AHV, AOS, and Prism products as the digital infrastructure that assumes the role of portable IaaS in a multi-cloud world. As I mentioned before, we'll make a strong case in the next three to five years for how HCI becomes a killer app for all things lift and shift. It's no change to applications or operating systems, similar to virtualization 15 years ago. What sits on top of this horizontal foundation is 3 Ds. Data center services, which includes unified storage, disaster recovery, operations management, networking, and security services.
DevOps services, which includes multi-cloud automation, database services, containers, and the like, and desktop services, which includes cloud-based SaaS and overall end-user computing solutions for the future digital workspace. In summary, our portfolio is simply four Ds, a core digital HCI platform on top of which sit data center, DevOps, and desktops, which are akin to apps running on top of the platform. Together, the platform and the apps fuel each other's adoption as Windows and Office did in their symbiosis. Speaking of momentum with our 3Ds, on a rolling four-quarter basis, the attach rate of these products in Q3 was 32%, up from 23% in the year-ago quarter.
On a rolling four-quarter basis, the transactional volume of these 3D products in Q3 increased 16% year-over-year and 35% quarter-over-quarter. At the end of Q3, 28% of our customers have bought at least one of these non-core products, up from 20% in the year-ago quarter. Q3 lifetime bookings of non-core products grew 116% year-over-year and now make up 13% of new ACV and 15% of overall ACV. We also saw good momentum with our DevOps offering, Nutanix Era, which is our Database as a Service solution. One of the largest automobile insurers in the United States spent nearly $1.5 million with us during this quarter, primarily for Era. They had been having performance and scalability problems with Oracle, which is their most critical workload.
During a proof of concept, we were able to show them a significant performance increase and the ability to make database operations invisible with Era. Nutanix Era is to databases what Nutanix Calm is to VMs, containers, and all modern mode 2 apps, i.e., one click self-service orchestration, multi-cloud automation, and autonomous operations. One of the largest professional services firms in the world spent $5 million with us to continue their build-out of a private cloud infrastructure based on our software and native AHV hypervisor. This purchase brought their lifetime spend up to nearly $17 million as part of their digital infrastructure initiative. We believe that this trend of zero-touch IT, self-service delivery, and streaming cloud-based infrastructure will hasten in the post-COVID world. Our customer base continues to be highly diversified.
The biggest vertical in Q3 was financial services, which represented less than 25% of our business, consistent with historical levels. This sector is pretty global for us as well. One of the largest financial institutions in Europe made the decision two years ago to use Nutanix as their strategic data center platform for all new and existing workloads and applications. This Global 2000 company is an existing customer with $18 million of lifetime spend with us, with $3.5 million of that in Q3 alone. Because our digital HCI foundation provided them true agility, and because they had capacity ready for a disaster scenario, they were able to scale up to get all of their 7,000 employees working from home in about a week, and even provide database services like a public cloud provider. The board of directors was extremely appreciative of this preparedness.
Regarding capital allocation in other industries, our exposure to energy and hospitality verticals remains small, even though we are ready for them as they reboot their operations post-COVID-19. While the retail industry as a whole has been impacted by COVID-19, we have some retail customers who have seen such a significant increase in online purchases that they've had to fortify their IT infrastructure to support the load. An existing customer and large retailer in the U.S. came to us because of a major shift to online sales and curbside pickup, which put added pressure on their IT infrastructure. They said that the pandemic was making, quote, "every day like Black Friday," end quote. They purchased an additional $1.5 million of our software. We were able to quickly get them set up with a solution to support this additional load.
This customer has a lifetime spend of more than $24 million with us. In healthcare, we have supported customers who have had to quickly make the transition to telehealth or to enable their non-frontline workers to work remotely. An existing customer, who is a large healthcare provider and hospital system on the East Coast, tripled their deployment with us so that they could set up a solution for their non-essential employees who work from home. A non-profit healthcare system on the East Coast purchased our core software and Prism Pro management console in a subscription deal worth $1.3 million. They're running VDI workloads as well as the healthcare industry's Epic operational database, which we announced certification for in Q2 of this year. This crisis will shape not just the future of work and future of healthcare with telemedicine, but also the future of education with remote learning.
A statewide school district on the East Coast needed to quickly set up a solution for their students to be set up to learn remotely due to COVID-19. This new customer needed an IT infrastructure solution that could be set up quickly and were unsure of the capacity they needed, and it all needed to be set up remotely due to shelter in place orders. Their challenge was to scale the remote learners from 200,000 to 2.8 million. They purchased $1 million of our cloud software as well as our DevOps and data center services such as Calm, Files, Flow, and Prism Pro, and had it deployed in weeks, enabling millions of students to embrace digital learning. Speaking of digital, let me now spend some time on our ongoing transformation to a subscription-based business model along with our customers.
During this time of uncertainty, we are even more resolved in our move to this model. Not only will it give us more recurring revenue over time, it also provides our customers with the flexibility they may require to purchase our software on an OpEx versus CapEx basis. We are seeing large deals and large customers move to subscription. A U.S.-based financial services company continued their digital journey with us by purchasing nearly $4 million of additional software from us via subscription, bringing their lifetime spend up to over $11 million. Similar story with a large utility company on the U.S. West Coast, who is one of our top 25 lifetime customers with total spend with us at $18 million. Purchased nearly $4 million with us in Q3 as part of their ongoing digital transformation.
Some of our largest and most tenured customers are also embracing subscription earlier than we had imagined. One of the largest automobile manufacturers in the U.S., who has spent more than $37 million with us over the years, purchased another $3.5 million in software from us in Q3 and switched from Life of Device to subscription. This new entitlement of our software has made this organization nearly 100% Nutanix, with only a small amount of the infrastructure residing in mainframe. Subscription is also being embraced by U.S. federal agencies, to be honest. A federal entity in the U.S. has been working with us to modernize their data center and added more product in their order this quarter to total nearly $2 million worth of software on a subscription basis for a lifetime spend of nearly $40 million. Nutanix is their on-prem private cloud solution for mission-critical workloads using HPE servers.
Another one of our large subscription deals in the quarter was with one of the leading operatives of general acute care hospitals in the U.S., who has been a customer since 2016 and has a lifetime spend with us of over $15 million. In Q3, we sold them an additional $2 million of our software to help them in their lift and shift to private cloud. They're working toward a zero-touch provisioning model, and both our Core HCI software and Nutanix Calm for orchestration and automation are critical to that strategy. As customers look to the future, we expect that corporate initiatives around remote work, hands-free IT automation, disaster recovery, and lift and shift to private and public cloud infrastructure will be some of the pillars of digital transformation, and we believe we'll be at the center of these conversations.
As we contemplate the future of work, our developers are deeply grasping the meaning of subscription economics, cloud engineering, and container-based microservices. Our new products like Lifecycle Manager, Objects, and Prism Pro are completely based on Kubernetes containers and an agile delivery model. Most importantly, our Xi Cloud services are designed to be 24 by 7 by 365. That is a huge shift towards a DevOps mindset as we try to bring our signature NPS of 90 to cloud SLAs of security, availability, and performance. As we've discussed in the past, our core engineering is working closely with AWS and Azure on Nutanix clusters so that our entire portfolio can be delivered in our customers' virtual private cloud in the public cloud data centers, integrated seamlessly with their cloud commits and credits. In conclusion, we've been focused on the collective health of our employees, customers, and partners, and overall business.
We've quickly and efficiently shifted our business to match the changing times. Our business has proven resilient. We have seen bright spots in EUC as well as our core business. We do not see this shift as temporary. In fact, we see the future of work changing permanently. In a report this month from industry analysts from Gartner, they predict that by 2024, in-person enterprise meetings will drop from 60% to 25%, driven by remote work and changing workforce demographics. In a separate report, Forrester stated that even after a vaccine is available, firms will never return to the pre-pandemic normal as knowledge workers demand these newfound, highly flexible, commute-free productivity improvements to become permanent.
We believe our product portfolio and our customer-centric culture keeps us well-positioned to navigate this crisis and evolve with this dislocation to our stakeholders' advantage, i.e., customers, employees, and investors. Speaking of the crisis and our imminent opportunities around efficiencies and prudence, over to Duston. Duston?
Thank you, Dheeraj. With all the disruption and uncertainty that COVID-19 has caused, we were pleased to be able to deliver solid Q3 results in line with, or in the case of EPS, better than our expectations heading into the quarter. As you may recall, when we issued our Q3 guidance in late February, we saw early indications that COVID-19 would cause a demand issue for our APJ operations, we adjusted our guidance accordingly. We did not adjust our outlook for our Americas or EMEIA operations, the virus's impact on these regions was uncertain at that time. The virus clearly ended up affecting all 3 regions, despite this, our teams did an excellent job executing in a very turbulent environment. We also mentioned that we were starting to prudently manage our operating expenses during our Q2 earnings call.
This proactive and timely approach was based on our view that it was possible that the current demand environment could deteriorate due to the impact of COVID-19. Once our initial premise of a weakening demand environment began to play out, we immediately took even further actions to reduce expenses, which I will return to a bit later. Our subscription journey continues to move forward as selling term-based subscriptions have clearly become the norm. Subscription billings now account for 84% of total billings, up from 79% in Q2, and subscription revenue now accounts for 82% of total revenue, up from 77% in Q2. The average dollar weighted term length in Q3 2020, including renewals, was 3.9 years, flat with the 3.9 years we reported in Q2 2020. As with last quarter, this calculation assumes Life of Device licenses are five-year terms. Now I'll move on to some specific Q3 financial highlights.
TCV revenue, or software and support revenue, for the third quarter came within our initial guidance range of $300 million-$320 million, and above our May 5th estimated preliminary results range of $307 million-$312 million, coming in at $314 million, up 18% from a year-ago quarter. TCV billings, or software and support billings, also came within our initial guidance range of $365 million-$385 million, and above our May 5th estimated preliminary results range of $371 million-$376 million, coming in at $380 million, up 17% from the year-ago quarter. ACV booked in the quarter, exceeding our expectations, was $130 million and was up 22% from the year-ago quarter. Additionally, total revenue also exceeded our May 5th estimated preliminary results range of $312 million-$317 million, coming in at $318 million, up 11% from the year-ago quarter.
We used a modest amount of backlog during the quarter. This marks the third consecutive quarter that we have experienced year-over-year growth in total revenue. The revenue growth rates are starting to reflect more meaningful comparisons as the revenue-impacting hardware elimination has been effectively complete for the last six months. The ACV of our HPE DX related business increased 16% in the quarter versus Q2. We exceeded our pipeline generation goal for Q3 that was set before the quarter started. As expected, new customer bookings lagged a bit in the quarter, representing 19% of total TCV versus 24% in Q3 2019, and down from 24% in Q2 2020. The Americas and EMEA regions performed well. As expected, the APJ regional performance reflected more pronounced impact from COVID-19 related issues. TCV bookings, or software and support bookings, from our international regions represented 44% of total bookings versus 45% in Q3 2019.
Our non-GAAP gross margin in Q3 was 80.7%, above our guidance of 80%. Operating expenses were $390 million, significantly below our guidance range of $420 million-$430 million. The lower than expected expense number for the quarter was mostly due to the hiring pause implemented early in the quarter, reduced travel, as well as overall expense management. Our non-GAAP net loss was $135 million for the quarter, or a loss of $0.69 per share versus our guidance of a loss of $0.89 per share. Now, a few balance sheet highlights. We closed the quarter with cash and short-term investments of $732 million. DSOs in Q3 were 67 days versus 76 days in Q3 2019, and 65 days in Q2 2020. Free cash flow during the quarter was negative $117 million.
This performance was negatively impacted by $23 million of ESPP outflow in the quarter, higher than we expected due to the lower Nutanix stock price. Free cash flow was also negatively impacted based on a somewhat higher than expected accounts receivable balance and higher capital expenditures. Our Q4 capital expenditures should be substantially less than the Q3 total of $33 million. Now, a few comments turning to the future. As we have mentioned a few times, despite all the economic uncertainty that most companies are dealing with in today's environment, we were generally pleased with our Q3 results. As we look forward to Q4 and beyond, we remain very excited of what the future holds for Nutanix. We are a much stronger and better company today than we were just 12 months ago. We continue to aggressively move forward with our subscription journey.
Our non-core products are starting to get serious traction in some of our largest accounts. Our sales leadership continues to improve, all with the backdrop of a pipeline that is significantly larger than just one year ago. Although the future clearly looks encouraging, the short term comes with a high degree of uncertainty. We are still in an unprecedented, volatile time period. Importantly, we are still in the early innings of transforming our business to a subscription model fueled by low-cost renewals. While we're making great progress on the transformation, we have not yet reached the point where the predictable renewal business makes up a substantial portion of our quarterly results. We are getting there, but for now, new business and upsell business, areas with greater inherent uncertainty, still account for a vast majority of our quarterly billings.
Accordingly, we do not believe it's prudent to provide guidance for Q4. As I said, we're encouraged with the progress we're making. We've spent the last year and a half building a subscription business that will ultimately lead to a much more predictable business. With 84% of our billings in the quarter now coming from subscriptions, combined with a customer retention metric of 97%, at this point, we believe it's largely a matter of time until the business matures to a new level of predictability. As such, at this time, we plan to issue annual guidance for FY 2021 during our Q4 conference call, with any top-line guidance most likely focused on ACV and with growth rates appropriately correlated to the current macro environment.
What we do know about FY 2021 is that our teams will be ready, our product will be ready, and our subscription model will be ready to take full advantage of any economic recovery that might take place. In the meantime, in lieu of specific guidance for Q4, I'll provide a few thoughts around specific areas that we are focusing on and in which investors frequently show interest. Expense management. As Dheeraj noted, we have been aggressively managing the expense structure since mid Q2 and will continue to do so moving forward. Hiring has been extremely limited, merit increases and bonuses have been paused, executive salaries have been reduced, and we have implemented two non-consecutive single weeks of unpaid time off for most of our employees worldwide, one week in Q4 and one week in Q1.
Major events such as .NEXT and our worldwide sales meetings will go virtual, along with many other cost-saving initiatives. This early and aggressive action to control expenses in the near term, all while keeping relentless focus on the customer, have clearly paid off based on the Q3 operating expenses, coming in $40 million lower than the high end of our range of previous guidance. Going forward, we will continue to actively manage the expense structure as the macro environment dictates. For the immediate future, we would expect operating expenses to hover at somewhere around $375 million-$400 million per quarter. Cash management and free cash flow. Again, our early and aggressive expense management has put us in a pretty good position to control the cash burn over the next several quarters.
Our hiring has been very limited. Whatever hiring that will take place will involve around highly critical roles, as well as some hiring around customer-facing roles such as sales teams, professional services, and support. Going forward, we would expect the cash usage to decrease significantly from Q3. We will continue to do what is required to minimize cash usage in the future. A few comments on sales compensation. We continue to move aggressively to align our sales compensation plans to support a subscription-based model. Starting in the first half of FY 2021, we will move to either a partial or full ACV sales comp model. This is the first step in setting up a comp structure to take advantage of the natural leverage a subscription model affords. Renewals.
Renewals have become a major focus area for the company and will be the foundation to build a profitable business going forward. We are in the process of setting up roles and responsibilities within the various organizations to make sure renewals are efficiently transacted. The available to renew pool of subscription transactions is just starting to come into play. In Q3, we transacted about $5 million in non-support related subscription renewals, and the pool available to renew will grow to approximately $10 million in Q4. A few thoughts on operating leverage. The subscription business model and operating leverage go hand in hand. Many investors routinely ask us why our sales and marketing cost structure does not line up closely with other subscription businesses. Before we answer this question, some context is needed.
As you recall, we started our subscription journey back in the first half of FY 2019 when the company was approaching a billings run rate of $1.5 billion. Since then, we have transitioned a substantial portion of our business to a term-based subscription model with average term duration of less than four years. Subscription-based businesses derive considerable operating leverage from their renewal base, and most mature subscription companies probably have a renewal base that comes close to 50% of their total billings. Today, all of our subscription renewals account for less than 10% of Nutanix's total billings. Or to put it another way, more than 90% of our business today is still composed of new and upsell business that is costly to transact. Compare this to renewals, which are transacted at a low cost, much lower than new business or upsell business.
As such, it is reasonable to expect a wide gap in operating leverage profiles from two different subscription companies. One with less than 10% of their total business derived from renewals, and the other with 50% of their total business coming from renewals. As our subscription business matures and our renewals also become a substantial percentage of our total business, we believe it is realistic to assume that Nutanix, over time, will begin to display somewhat similar operating leverage characteristics as other mature subscription companies. To date, only the negative aspects of our subscription transition, mostly around top-line compression related to terms and pricing, have been well documented and have carried the headlines. We refer to these negative aspects as the investments into our subscription transition.
Much of the financial content for our previously postponed Investor Day was aimed to focus on the future positive aspects of our subscription transition, mostly around why the renewal inflow will naturally provide significant operating leverage over time. Just like every other subscription company, we refer to these positive aspects of the transition as the return on our subscription investments, and the aforementioned move to ACV-based compensation for our sales force will ultimately position us to garner this leverage from the renewal inflow. After all, every substantial investment requires a substantial return on that investment. We look forward to sharing a more detailed view of our go-forward operational plan and corresponding financial targets at an appropriate time in the future. With that, operator, you can now open the call up for questions. Thank you.
Thank you. At this time, I would like to remind everyone, in order to ask a question, please press star then one on your telephone keypad. We will pause for just a moment to compile the Q&A roster. Your first question comes from Katy Huberty with Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.
Thank you. Good afternoon. What we're seeing in the current environment is accelerating adoption of public cloud. I was wondering if you can just walk the pipeline and on the product roadmap in terms of any solutions that will be distributed on the Amazon and Microsoft platform, and whether you see that as incremental revenue opportunities, or is that just new features layered on top of the current product portfolio?
Thank you, Katy, for the question. Yeah, in fact, just to take a step back, our idea of really blurring the lines between on-prem and off-prem is to take all our products and run them in the public cloud as is. That, we believe, is going to be the biggest differentiation when it comes to lift and shift, just like what virtualization did 15 years ago. Public cloud also has some elasticity capabilities that we're now putting as part of our product. Things like auto scale in, auto scale out, more autonomous infrastructure that is policy-based and somewhat intentful, as we call it in product terms. Also commerce, I think, doing it in the marketplace, and having people go buy something for three months or one year as opposed to really needing a salesperson to do things.
There's a lot of good things that we can actually go in a real hybrid, where you want part of your infrastructure to run off-prem, actually run on-prem. I think they're going to make some decisions about public versus private based on data sovereignty and data gravity and economics reasons, which is laws of physics and laws of the land and laws of economics. We really are looking forward to the next three to six months. There's some big sort of announcements coming, but we want to make sure we do it in a differentiated way as opposed to just being the first to market. Being the best to market is very important to us.
Thank you for that. Duston, just as a follow-up, the new customer count accelerated in the quarter to 970. How would you characterize the deal pipeline heading into July versus, for instance, a year ago?
Yeah. Katie, make sure I understood you. New customers you were referencing?
Yeah, the April quarter new customers of 970 was an acceleration from the prior quarter, so clearly good performance. Just curious what the deal pipeline for new business looks like going into July versus this time last year.
Yeah, just on that, new customer in the quarter.
Okay
on those two numbers. Okay?
Okay.
Yeah, the pipeline and I guess maybe your question is more kind of Q4 in general, and where we haven't given any specific guidance, it's probably a question that will come up sooner or later. Why don't I kind of answer your question and maybe a little bit bigger question. Q4, again, in my comments, I mentioned pipeline for Q3 generation exceeded our target, and it was the biggest in-quarter pipe that we generated in our history. That's clearly encouraging. If you look at Q4, now we're only roughly three weeks into the quarter, take that for what it's worth. On the surface, there's not many things that look terribly out of line.
Now, the results won't be as good as we thought they would be pre-COVID-19, but if you go down and look at conversion rates, where we should be three-plus weeks into the quarter and where we are from what's converted from pipeline, that looks okay. The loss rates are actually a little bit lower. The sales call for month one linearity is within the bounds of what we would expect historically. Month two cumulative is the same thing. We've closed several million-dollar deals, I think, at least three this week. A couple of those were spillovers that we thought was going to close in Q3 actually closed this week, two Fed deals that pushed from Q3. If you look at EMEIA, there's some good stuff going on there with new customers and partners starting to get engaged there. There's some public sector activity that looks really encouraging.
AHV, not surprisingly, is getting, I think, some renewed attention savings perspective because so many of us have saved some costs. We've clearly got something there for them with Asia. Asia was first impacted, and that's starting to open up, and there's some reasonable news within some countries there. I think India and China still obviously struggling. Not too bad. To get to your question about pipeline, the pipeline is there's no doubt about it. The sales capacity is there's no doubt about that. Deals are volatile, and they're still volatile. Us not giving Q4 guidance, we mentioned that we wouldn't be doing this May 5th, so there's really no surprise there.
The comment was that, again, it's just a little tougher in a volatile period for us to give specific guidance just because, again, less than 10% of our business is true renewal business at this point. When you go all through the metrics and stuff, there's some really good stuff happening. The product's performing really well. Sales teams are executing, all that. It's just a very volatile period.
That's great color. Thank you.
Your next question comes from Rod Hall with Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.
Hi, this is Rocky on behalf of Rod. Thanks for taking my question. Your OpEx came in nicely lower than expectations, and you've talked about cost cuts and furloughs and slower hiring. I wanted to ask if you could give us some confidence that these OpEx cuts you're making don't affect revenue growth looking out in the future?
Yeah. Why don't I can start on that one.
Yeah
Do this work without worrying about not FY 2021 but to your point, the easiest thing for us to do again would be to completely stop everything and not worry about the future growth, we can't do that. We've done a lot of scenario planning, downside, base case, best case. Within that environment, you have to have a view on FY 2022, or those scenarios don't work well. I think the other comment there is, don't ignore the fact that we have excess sales capacity coming into this downturn also. It's not like we were razor thin on capacity. We've clearly got more capacity. It's a fine line we walk, and that's why I think we've done some pretty prudent things that, again, kind of affect everybody and not singling folks out because everybody's going to take part in the growth going forward.
I think we've done this thoughtfully, and we'll adjust it every week, every month, every quarter as we need to, based on what's happening.
Yeah. Thank you.
Yeah.
Well said, Duston. I just wanted to add just the fact that, I mentioned this in my script as well, about 10 years later, we have a recession. This is our first recession as a company, I use the word very deliberately, annealing. It's a process of recrystallization and gaining more strength. When we went public, we had 1,800 employees, which is three and a half years ago, maybe close to four years. Now, we have more than 6,000 employees. About 70% of our workforce has never seen a private Nutanix. I think it behooves us to actually look back and think about every dollar that we used to spend four or five years ago. How do we go back to the basics and become a startup again? We're using this opportunity to really go do that as well.
Thank you. I also wanted to ask about your cash flow and liquidity position. Is there a minimum amount of cash that you have in mind to run the business? What's your thinking about potentially accessing the capital markets again?
Yeah. Again, this is something that we look at all the time with scenarios, they say this downside, base case, best case. Based on our view of those scenarios, top-line potential, and what we have done with expenses and the levers that we can pull with expenses. We feel really good about our cash balance throughout FY 2021 based on what we've scenarioed out in those three cases there. The markets are reasonably open. Some of these terms are reasonably good. Again, what we've looked at, we feel pretty good going forward. I think if we were, at some point, to raise cash in the future, would be more around tilted to giving us some optionality with our continued subscription transition. It would be more tilted to that rather than day-to-day stuff.
This would be more potentially around, do we want to have average terms shrink down a little bit further from where they are today, about 3.9, because we know two things happen that makes the business much more profitable with some a little bit lower terms, and that's lower discounting because lower the discounting, that's highly leverageable from a business model perspective. Shorter the term, the quicker that deal comes up for renewal. With a 97% retention rate, the quicker that deal comes up for renewal, the quicker we get an efficient deal levered into the business coming at a much, much lower cost. If we were going to do something, it would be more around, again, that optionality to make the business much more profitable. We've got the current debenture out there, but that's January 2023 timeframe, there's lots of optionality around that too.
Great. Thank you.
Your next question comes from Alex Kurtz with KeyBanc Capital Markets. Your line is open.
Thanks, Sid. Hope everyone's safe and healthy over there. Duston, just to revisit your earlier comment about the pipeline. I think you said it's the largest intra-quarter pipeline growth in company history, something along those lines. I guess to both of you, what are the workloads that are driving that? Is it just a continuation of the EUC, VDI trends that you saw in the last quarter, or are you going back to a heavier mix of big digital transformation projects? I guess, what's driving that, and is it sort of a continuation of last quarter?
Do you want to take that, Dheeraj?
Yeah. Let me at least make an attempt at it. I think a lot of the pipeline in Q3 that got converted to EUC deals, which we reported as 27% of our TCV bookings. A lot of that got created and closed in the same quarter. The numbers that Duston talked about was overall creation in the quarter, which is helpful for Q4 and Q1. I think the mix is very similar. As I said in my call script as well, that EUC used to be a much larger percentage of our business five years ago. It had come down to 18% a year ago, and it became 27%. Our pipeline is in the same range as our bookings in Q3.
Thanks, guys.
Jason Ader with William Blair. Your line is open.
Yeah, good afternoon, guys. My first question is just on the guidance. I'm sure this has been hotly debated internally, but why not just give a range? That's what most companies are doing. To completely pull your guidance after some of the comments that you made on the month of May and the metrics being reasonable and the pipeline growth that you saw in Q3, it's a bit odd to me that you did not give any Q4 guidance. Just walk us through the thought process there.
Again, things are volatile. We're early into Q4. 3.5 weeks or so into our Q4. Again, a lot of companies with a subscription-based business are giving that guidance with a substantial portion of their business coming up for renewals that they know is going to renew. We're dealing with a chunk less than 10% of our business in that category. It's kind of an apples and oranges comparison there. I gave you some pretty good thoughts about Q4, but for us to go put a range in there now, with only less than 10% of the business coming in naturally, we just thought we'd pause for a quarter and then let things play out macro-wise a little bit and then come back with a fresh view of FY 2021.
Okay. Yeah, companies like Cisco that don't have a lot of subscription provided a range. I guess you're comparing yourself against some of the pure ratable type models and renewal models, which I get.
No, Jason, even for conventional businesses, if you look at, let's say, VMware, 60% of the business is renewal. For us, it's much less than 10%. It's not just about subscription companies, it's about most companies that actually have a renewal business.
Don't you have around 30% that's recurring support?
Not of the quarterly bookings, no. No. In its entirety, Jason, that percentage of recurring, whether you want to call it support or now subscription renewals, is less than 10%. Substantially different. That's what we're building up. That's the whole story here, which we're talking about, is that we know those renewals, that percentage of the total business, those renewals are going to increase, and they're going to increase over time. We almost did $5 million last quarter. We've got a pool of $10 million for this quarter. That's going to continue to accelerate. Today, because we started this only a year and a half ago, these renewals just haven't timed out. That's why a little lower term is probably a good thing ultimately, because those renewals flow in quicker than they normally would have.
Also, I know we have a big international exposure, making things a bit more unpredictable as to when governments and economies and businesses are going to open. Compared to many other companies, actually, who are younger, maybe 10 years old, but don't have as much international business. At the same time, I think, to Katy's question, Duston provided a lot of color about what we think Q4 is looking like right now. It's a fine balance, Jason, and there's no right or wrong answer. We could have provided a pretty wide range. We said, "Look, it's a matter of a quarter." Given the fact that we announced this already on May 5th, there should be a way to really go and reconcile this with all of you.
Okay. One quick follow-up on the billings coming from renewals. That was helpful to get that magnitude that we have Q3 and Q4. Could you give us a sense of what the % of the billings that will come from renewals in fiscal 2021 and 2022 might look like? Just kind of ballpark numbers there.
I mean, we had that all laid out for Investor Day. We'll do that probably when we give 2021 guidance. You can actually It's very simple for folks to go model because you know our average deal length, and you know what we've done from a subscription perspective. It's pretty easy. That's kind of exciting. I think it's pretty easy to go see this and touch it and feel it. It does, by definition, become a pretty substantial piece of the business going forward. Again, those renewals, just like every other subscription-based company, come in with a very high efficiency factor. That's kind of the exciting stuff going forward. Just get back to the Q4 guide. I wouldn't read anything specifically into us not guiding this. That we shouldn't guide, things look reasonably okay right now.
It's early, and it's a period that's never happened before. I've certainly never seen it. That's the view. I wouldn't read anything specifically into that.
Okay. Thank you, guys.
Your next question comes from Jack Andrews with Needham. Your line is open.
Good afternoon. Thanks for taking my question. I guess I had a two-part question. I was wondering, first of all, if you could just talk about the significance of your partnership with Wipro to launch digital database services, and then how big could that be over time? The related question is, just broadening it out, more generally speaking, should we expect other practice areas to be built with global SIs around some of your other emerging subscription products?
Thank you for the question. Yeah. In fact, we did announce two products with Wipro in the last six months, one around end user computing, and one around databases. Both of which are powered by either our infrastructure with Citrix or with our control plane on database side, which is Era. These are two massively large workloads, databases and desktops, and we've done a pretty good job with both of these. They probably are equal-sized businesses. If you exclude things like Splunk and other such things that we actually do and mode two apps like NoSQL databases and Hadoop and so on, excluding all of that, I think it's a pretty big business for us. We foresee that many of these will actually have a trouble when they lift and shift to the public cloud.
That's where a lot of our value comes in, because data and compute need to sit next to each other for databases. Virtual desktops need to be delivered anywhere and everywhere where people are. I think both these workloads, including what Wipro is doing with their products, driving our products, will be very important part of our GSI strategy. NI, Atos, HCL, and Infosys as well. In fact, some of these are very large customers of Nutanix. As they think through the OpEx model for themselves, because many of these are also acting like service providers to their Global 2,000 customers, and we become the infrastructure below that as well. We're very excited about our GSI opportunities, and we feel like we've barely begun to scratch the surface of this.
Great. Thanks for your perspective.
Your next question comes from Simon Leopold with Raymond James. Your line is open.
Hi, this is Victor Chiu in for Simon. You mentioned that all three regions were impacted incrementally relative to your expectations. Can you just help us understand what's the offset that kind of helped provide some upside relative to your previous guidance expectations?
Yeah.
Sure.
Globally, I think it was. Sorry. Go ahead, Duston.
No, I'm sorry. Go ahead. Sorry.
Globally, the yin-yang and we call it the puts and the takes. The takes from our side were end user computing. The fact that we were able to do this globally, and not just in the U.S. and federal, but also in EMEA and APJ, was actually a good tailwind for us. I think, obviously, the puts from our side were more on the large deals that we were obviously tracking for the last six months that people have come to postpone or revisit for now. We do believe that EUC alone provided a big tailwind.
Okay. That's helpful. Thank you.
Your next question comes from Mehdi Hosseini with SIG. Your line is open.
Hey, guys. This is Nick on for Mehdi. Thanks for squeezing me in at the end here. I just wanted to kind of key in on VDI for a second. Just when we look forward, is there more incremental upside with your VDI solutions? Are you still hearing from customers, like, that they need assistance getting online and going to this work from home set up, or is that opportunity pretty much closed at this point? I have a follow-up.
I think we are early in this. Thanks for the question. We are relatively early in this. Obviously, the Global 2000, maybe the Global 5000 had tasted this. Even there, the penetration is still 30%. Even if you look at Citrix's data, the enterprise seats not the same as number of employees in these large enterprises. I think large accounts are probably one third penetrated right now. The mid-market is yet another very large market. Outside the U.S., I think there's a lot more that will get digital. I believe that this end-user computing digital workspace will actually get redefined and is probably in its early innings, maybe the second innings more so than the fifth or sixth, actually. It's not just the future of work, it's also future of healthcare and future of education.
Today there was a really good piece on CNN about universities. They have basically grown their fee structure, like 1400%, 14,000 or 1400%, I can't remember the exact number. Over the last 40 years, and nothing has changed in terms of their courseware and the way they impart education. There's a lot of things that are up here for grabs in higher education, state and local, as well as middle school and high school education, plus in healthcare and work as well.
Perfect. That's really helpful. If I could just squeeze in one more here. The 97 historical retention rate, obviously that was not in an era of the current era that we live in now. Can you just provide a little bit more color about what you're thinking about churn or retention rates going forward, especially as renewals start coming online?
Duston, you want to take that one?
Sure. Yeah, I wouldn't expect all that much difference, quite honestly. The product is very compelling. The value add is compelling. I mentioned about how AHV becomes even more compelling in a cost-conscious environment, which we're starting to see there. We've run those numbers through Q3. The quarter just ended. There was probably still rounds to around 47 or 97, I'm sorry. I wouldn't expect to see too much change there over the next several quarters. We'll see.
Okay, I appreciate it. Thank you.
Our last question comes from Pinjalim Bora with JP Morgan. Your line is open.
Hey, guys. Thanks for squeezing me in. Dheeraj, we have heard a lot of comments, positive comments about your HPE partnership this FQ3. Could you tell us how did you perform, maybe versus your expectation, and did the pay as you consume construct for GreenLake help in this current environment? Lastly, do you see any value in providing a pay as you consume kind of a model yourself? That's all I had.
Yeah, thanks for the question. HPE, very good partnership. It's been about two and a half quarters, I would say, since it began. They definitely have a global presence, and our sellers are working together hand in hand in many of these accounts. The pay as you go is a little early, I would say, simply because we haven't put all our products in there. Some of the large customers, especially after COVID-19, we've started to see questions emerge, a lot more questions emerge about can we take entire Nutanix portfolio and have it run through GreenLake. I think it's a pretty novel concept, and there's some interesting partnership opportunities between HPE and us, especially in the world of 5G. We're talking about telcos and many of these service providers who currently buy hardware with CapEx.
I think GreenLake needs a killer app, and Nutanix can be that killer app on top of GreenLake. Especially as we take this to GSIs and telcos and service providers, all of whom actually would be very willing to look at hardware in a OpEx model rather than CapEx.
This concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect. Thank you for participating.