Good morning, welcome to the Royal Gold Fiscal 2019 third quarter conference call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. Should you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key followed by zero. After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To ask a question, you may press star then one on your telephone keypad. To withdraw your question, please press star then two. Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Alistair Baker, Director of Business Development. Please go ahead.
Thank you, operator. Good morning, welcome to our discussion of Royal Gold's third quarter 2019 results. This event is being webcast live, you will be able to access a replay of this call on our website. Participating on the call today are Tony Jensen, President and CEO; William Heissenbuttel, CFO and Vice President of Strategy; Mark Isto, Vice President Operations; and Daniel Breeze, Vice President Corporate Development of RGLD Gold AG. This discussion falls under the safe harbor provision of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act. A discussion of the company's current risks and uncertainties is included in the safe harbor and cautionary statement in today's press release and slide presentation and is presented in greater detail in our filings with the SEC. Tony will give you an overview of the quarter, followed by Mark with an update on our operating results.
Bill will provide a financial update, Tony will wrap up the call with some closing comments. We'll open the lines for a Q&A session. I will turn the call over to Tony.
Good morning, thank you for joining the call. I'll begin on slide four. This was another solid quarter for Royal Gold, with improvements in all of our financial metrics compared to the December quarter. Our revenue for the quarter was $110 million, up 13% from our previous December quarter of $98 million. This increase was made up of 6% higher volumes and improved metal prices, with realized gold and silver prices up about 6% and 7% respectively. Earnings for the quarter were $0.44 per share, up 22% from $0.36 in the previous quarter. Operating cash flow was $77 million, which was 31% higher than the December quarter due to working capital changes, mainly associated with lower taxes and interest payments. I should emphasize that we had an inventory build of about 8,000 GEOs due to receipt of an earlier-than-expected delivery from Mount Milligan.
Had that inventory been released, our financial results would have been notably impacted in a positive way. We paid dividends of $17 million, up by $1 million from our last quarter after the board approved a dividend increase in November to $1.06 per share for the calendar year. Our cash flow payout ratio for the quarter was approximately 22% and comfortably allowed us to meet our strategic objective of paying a growing and sustainable dividend. Consistent with the past several quarters, we also continued to strengthen our balance sheet. With over $22 million in working capital and our undrawn credit facility, our available liquidity is now about $1.2 billion. In addition to providing these solid operating and financial results, we also announced an investment in a silver stream on the Khoemacau project in Botswana, which adds a high-quality growth project to our portfolio.
I'd like to briefly mention the Peak Gold project and our work underway to test the market value of our interest. As I mentioned in our last quarterly call, we were at the beginning of a process to consider our next steps with respect to our interest in the project, and that process is continuing. On slide five, I'd like to take a moment to talk about our investment in the Khoemacau project, currently under development by Khoemacau Copper Mining. I'll refer you to our February 25th presentation on our website for the full details on the project and our investment. I'll make a few points to summarize the highlights of the transaction and its impact to Royal Gold.
With respect to our stream investment, we will make an advance payment of $212 million for a stream of 80% of the silver and pay a cash price of 20% of the spot silver price for each ounce delivered. Khoemacau Copper Mining has an option to increase the advance payment up to an additional $53 million, and in return, we would earn up to an additional 20% interest in the silver production. We have also planned for potential construction overruns by providing a $25 million subordinated debt facility accessible at Khoemacau Copper Mining's option. The graphic on this slide shows the approximate disbursement schedule of various components of our investment, which we expect to fund from cash flow or by drawing on our credit facility if needed.
Our total commitment, combined with the project finance facility being provided by Red Kite Mine Finance, an additional equity commitment by Khoemacau Copper Mining, provides more than sufficient funding to meet Khoemacau Copper Mining's estimated $480 million capital requirement for the project. Turning to slide six, you can get a sense of the contribution of this transaction to Royal Gold on a pro forma basis. Depending on the ultimate size of the silver stream, we expect this transaction will add between 1.5 and 1.9 million ounces of silver per year to our account. Using metal prices for the quarter ended December 31, this would mean a contribution of between 18,000 and 22,000 GEOs. Which compared to the December 2018 quarter, would add about 5.5%-6.5% contribution on an annual basis.
While this is the first pure silver stream we have completed, we received silver along with gold from our stream agreements at both Pueblo Viejo and Rainy River. Again, comparing to the December 2018 quarter, we expect the Khoemacau stream will increase our total revenue from silver from about 10%-15%. It increased our revenue from precious metals slightly to just over 85%. Khoemacau is a high quality and long life project and is a great addition to our portfolio. We look forward to providing updates on activities over the next several quarters as the Khoemacau team advances towards their targeted production in the first half of calendar 2021. I'll turn the call over now to Mark to discuss more activities at Khoemacau as well as our operating results.
Thanks, Tony. Starting on slide seven, the Khoemacau project continued to advance since my mid-February site visit just before the transaction was announced. Excavation of the central and north box cuts is advancing as shown in the photo. Brush clearing for the 35-kilometer access road is almost complete, and the 240-person construction camp upgrade is complete and the camp occupied. Detailed design and engineering are reported to be 71% complete with certain long lead items for the mill upgrade already purchased. Although still at an early stage, the project activities are progressing well. Moving to slide eight, I'd like to discuss some of the recent development at several of our key operating properties. We're very pleased to see during the quarter that amendments to the environmental assessment certificate at Mount Milligan were granted to allow access to additional surface water and groundwater sources until November 2021.
Centerra expects that these additional sources should supply enough water to relieve constraints on the mill operations, which have been impacted since late 2017. As expected, the water constraints this past quarter caused Mount Milligan to maintain lower throughput that averaged 27,000 tons per day, well below the full capacity of 55,000 tonnes per day. As such, we expect lower sales in our first physical quarter of 2020. Centerra upgraded its pumping infrastructure and began drawing water from these additional sources at the beginning of April, and throughput is steadily increasing as the water level increases in the tailings facility. Centerra expects the additional water captured from the spring melt will allow operations to ramp up to full capacity in May and maintain 55,000 tonnes per day through the remainder of this calendar year.
Through the unusual timing difference between production at Mount Milligan and the receipt of stream deliverables, we expect mill throughput increase will be reflected in stream deliveries approximately five months later, our second physical quarter of 2020. These additional water sources are intended to bridge the need in the medium term, Centerra is also working on a regional water inventory to identify other potential sources that could provide additional water through the end of the mine life. Centerra expects to make formal applications and begin the regulatory review process later in calendar 2019. As a final comment, Centerra has reaffirmed previous 2019 calendar year production guidance for both gold and copper. Switching to Rainy River. Good progress continued over the quarter with gold production of almost 62,000 ounces. New Gold reaffirmed the full year guidance range of 245,000-270,000 ounces.
The processed ore grade of 1.2 grams per tonne was lower this quarter due to a planned transition from phase 1 into phase 2 of the mine plan. Mining operations were primarily focused on waste stripping to expose ore for mining in the future quarters, as well as providing material for planned tailings dam raises scheduled to begin during the second calendar quarter. Mill throughput for the quarter averaged almost 20,000 tonnes per calendar day, below the annual target of 22,000 to 24,000 tonnes per day, due in part to the buildup of ice in the crushed ore stockpile above the apron feeders. Average mill throughput returned to target levels at the end of the quarter, however. Mill availability for the quarter was a record 89%, despite planned downtime to replace the ball mill trunnion and other repairs.
Gold recovery averaged 90% for the quarter, which is a significant improvement over the previous quarter when you consider the 16% lower average mill feed grade. New Gold is forecasting that recoveries will continue to improve to an average of 90% to 92% for the year. New Gold announced that work is underway on an optimization study to increase the life of mine cash flow from Rainy River with a target to complete an updated mine plan by the end of calendar 2019. A near mine exploration program to test potential targets is starting during the current calendar quarter. Finally, New Gold announced yesterday that excess water in the tailings facility from the melt of heavy snowpack caused them to temporarily suspend milling operations at Rainy River on April 24th.
New Gold is managing the excess water and expects full operations to resume within the next few days. Continuing on to slide nine, I'd like to provide some comments on Penasquito and Cortez. At Penasquito, our royalty production was notably lower during the quarter, primarily as a result of lower head grades, as guided by Goldcorp. Newmont Goldcorp expects higher grades during the second half of 2019. Newmont Goldcorp reported Penasquito's pyrite leach project continued to perform well, with recoveries trending higher through the quarter. Newmont Goldcorp has not yet provided detailed guidance for any of the Goldcorp assets, they have talked about plans for Penasquito at a high level. They identified some opportunities and several focus areas, which include blast fragmentation, crusher capacity, and the prioritization of improvements within the process plant.
We look forward to the guidance from Newmont Goldcorp on Penasquito when they report their second quarter results, also to understand how these continuous improvement programs could benefit our royalty position. I also note Monday's news about the temporary suspension of operations at Penasquito due an illegal blockade by a trucking contractor and certain community members. Newmont Goldcorp has filed criminal complaints against the blockade leaders and is working with government authorities to resolve the situation, and notes that the miners' union is supportive of its actions. The effect of the suspension on calendar 2019 production is currently unclear. At Cortez, a new technical report was published in March with an updated Pipeline Crossroads production profile and reserve statement.
2P reserves at Crossroads at the end of 2018 were approximately 111 million tonnes at an average grade of 1.02 grams per tonne, for a total of 3.6 million ounces, up about 400,000 ounces from year-end 2015. We have multiple royalties at Cortez, some of which overlap, that delivered approximately 4,000 royalty ounces in calendar 2018. Based on the production forecast received from Barrick for the various royalty areas, we expect our royalty ounces to increase significantly in calendar 2019 to approximately 17,000 ounces. Royalty production is expected to continue a trend upwards. However, Barrick and Newmont are currently working on an integrated model across the Nevada JV to optimize ore flows and processing capacity, which may mean that near-term production estimates will change. We should have a better sense of the impact by the end of calendar year.
I'd like to wrap up on slide 10 with a few short comments and some positive developments in our portfolio, most notably Andacollo, Pueblo Viejo, and Wassa. At the Carmen de Andacollo mine in Chile, Teck is currently commissioning a recently installed sizer, which is designed to increase throughput by 10% to 55,000 tonnes per day, even with the harder ores of depth. The sizer is expected to be in operation in the second half of calendar 2019. As a reminder, we have a stream on 100% of the gold production from Andacollo, which resulted in deliveries of 9,900 ounces in the last quarter. At the Pueblo Viejo operation in the Dominican Republic, Barrick has announced that it has completed the expansion project scoping study and is now progressing towards a feasibility study.
The expansion project target is to maintain annual production of approximately 800,000 ounces per year after 2022 and extend the mine life beyond 2035. What has changed, however, is that they are now considering a change from heap oxidation to tank oxidation while they leverage Randgold's experience with ultra-fine grinding followed by oxidation. Because of Randgold's experience with this approach at their African operations, Barrick expects that studies may be advanced and that the timing for a feasibility study could be moved forward. Finally, at the Wassa Mine in Ghana, Golden Star announced a reserve increase of 23% at the end of 2018 due to strong results from underground definition drilling and a stope design optimization process.
The increase in reserve in the upper levels of the mine suggests that there's an excellent potential to increase the near-term production rate, which could be processed using the excess capacity at the Wassa Mill. Recall that the Wassa Mill has installed capacity of 7,500 tonnes per day, compared to the 2019 production rate of 3,500 tonnes per day. That concludes my remarks, and I will now turn the call over to Bill to discuss our financial results.
Thanks, Mark. I'll turn your attention to slide 11 and give an overview of the financial results for the quarter, which I would describe as quiet and steady. I will be comparing our quarterly results to the comparable quarterly period in fiscal 2018. As Tony mentioned at the beginning of his remarks, revenue this quarter was $110 million on volume of 84,200 Gold Equivalent Ounces. This volume included our expectations with respect to the stream volumes we discussed during our fiscal second quarter conference call, and the actual results announced last month were slightly better than expectations. With respect to volume, GEOs decreased approximately 4% in this recent fiscal quarter relative to the same period last year.
Volumes were impacted by lower gold and copper stream revenue from Mount Milligan, partially offset by higher gold and silver sales from Pueblo Viejo and Andacollo. Metal prices had a negative effect and were down across the board, with gold down 2%, silver down 7%, and copper down 11% year-on-year. G&A expense for the quarter decreased to $6.8 million, down from $8.1 million in the prior year quarter and $7.4 million in the second fiscal quarter of 2019. The prior year quarter included G&A spending on the Vale litigation, which has subsequently been resolved, and G&A expense for the last couple of quarters are more in line with typical levels. Our DD&A expense for the quarter was $39.4 million or $468 per GEO, which is in line with both last quarter and the prior year quarter.
We recorded a small gain of $1.8 million this quarter as a result of the mark-to-market movements in the equity positions we hold. This is the third quarter since we adopted the new accounting standard for the recognition and measurement of financial instruments that give rise to this income statement impact, and it can be expected that we'll continue to see volatility in the future to the extent we continue to hold any equity positions. Given our low share count, this small gain appeared to be more significant at $0.02 a share net of tax. Our tax rate for the quarter was 24.7%, and we continue to expect our full year tax rate to be in the range of 18%-22%, as I mentioned on our last quarterly call.
Earnings were $28.8 million, down slightly from adjusted earnings of $31 million in the third quarter of the last fiscal year. Please note that the earnings figure I just mentioned for last year was an adjusted figure that excludes the impairments and associated tax benefits we recorded in the prior year quarter, most of which was related to Pascua-Lama. Cash from operations was approximately $77.4 million, down from $105 million in the prior year quarter. Note, however, that last year's quarter was unusually high because it included a $21 million tax refund from the Chilean Internal Revenue Service. If this tax item is excluded, the change in cash from operations is more reflective of the slightly lower volumes in metal prices in this quarter compared to a year ago. At the end of March, we held approximately 33,400 GEOs in inventory.
This is higher than my guidance on the last quarterly call. It is due to a shipment received from Mount Milligan a few days earlier than expected at the end of the quarter. Looking forward to this quarter, we expect stream segment sales to be approximately 65,000-70,000 Gold Equivalent Ounces based on our forecast deliveries and the expected return of our inventory levels to a more typical level between 25,000-30,000 GEOs. I'll now turn to slide 12 and finish my comments with a summary of our financial position. Our liquidity position continued to strengthen over the quarter. We ended March with cash of $216 million, approximately $60 million higher than the end of the December quarter, and working capital was also $216 million. These figures, coupled with our undrawn $1 billion revolving credit facility, provide us with total liquidity of over $1.2 billion.
Our $370 million convertible bonds mature on June 15th. We plan to use cash on hand and draw on our revolving credit facility as required to repay these bonds at maturity. Our current expectation is to repay any outstanding amount drawn on the revolving credit over time with cash from operations, with the acknowledgment that we will also be funding our contributions to the Khoemacau project over the next couple of years. We continuously analyze the sources and cost of available capital and have been pleased with the role the convertible notes have played in our long-term capital structure. We will continue to analyze these markets in light of future investment opportunities, believe the ability to borrow and repay under the revolving credit represents the best approach to the financing of the company at this time.
We remain open to using modest debt levels to finance the company's growth in the future and averse to dilutive equity issues. I'll now turn the call back over to Tony.
Thanks, Bill. I'll conclude on slide 13. To summarize the quarter, our existing business generated solid earnings and cash flow. We continued to strengthen our balance sheet. We also added a high-quality growth project to our portfolio during the quarter. We remain well positioned in an active business development environment where our flexibility and access to capital remain advantages. Looking forward, Royal Gold is made up of 22 highly talented and dedicated professionals. I truly believe that you will see several of our employees leading organizations in the future. It is rewarding to watch our people perform and to grow. They know what to do and how to get it done. Our team is anchored by arguably the best board in the business, who plays a critical role in setting strategy and providing me guidance.
Together, we have developed a very successful culture and a business that is durable and robust. With this combined 360-degree leadership, the expertise in our company, and the excellent state of our business, it is time for me to step aside after 16 years with the company and 13 years as president and CEO. I have informed our board that I would like to retire by the end of the March quarter of 2020, essentially one year from now. This long notice is characteristic of Royal Gold, working in a transparent and methodical fashion. Our board has been actively engaged for many years in succession planning at several levels within our company. They are well prepared for this transition, and I'm confident they will select an excellent leader for Royal Gold's future. Brandon, that concludes our prepared remarks. We'll be happy to take questions.
Thank you. We will now begin the question and answer session. To ask a question, you may press star, then one on your telephone keypad. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing the keys. If at any time your question has been addressed and you would like to withdraw your question, please press star then two. At this time, we will pause momentarily to assemble our roster. Our first question comes from Cosmos Chiu with CIBC. Please go ahead.
Thanks, Tony, Mark, and Bill for the conference call. First off, congratulations on your retirement, Tony. It's certainly sad to see you leave, but it's well deserved, and you've certainly done a very good job in the past over 10 years now. Congrats once again.
Thank you, Cosmos. Thanks so much.
Now the questions, I guess. Maybe a question for Mark. Certainly two things happened after the quarter end, with the tailings facility at Rainy River impacting throughput and also, the blockade at Penasquito. Mark, you sort of touched on it, but how concerned are you at this point in time with what's happening at the two operations?
Well, obviously timely questions. I guess, as you just look at the news around Ontario, you know that many areas are impacted by this excessive precipitation and the rapid snow melt. Having particular issues with excess precipitation, perhaps not a big surprise. I guess we feel that the operation's in good hands and they're properly addressing the situation. We think it'll come back within the guidelines that New Gold gave. Unfortunate perhaps, but we can't really predict the weather. With respect to Penasquito, it's been a bit of a recurring theme, as you might recall. I think it's perhaps the third blockade that they've experienced in the last three or four years. We certainly expect to see it resolved in a manner systematically and the same as it's been done in the past.
We know that they were operating and storing concentrate at least up until late April. We're confident that it'll get resolved as it always has gotten resolved. The shipments will start coming as expected. I'm not sure what else I can tell you. That's it.
Yeah. No, I think that's good. You certainly talked about Mount Milligan, you had talked about Penasquito, you had talked about Rainy River. One that you didn't really talk about was Golden Star. Wassa is certainly doing well. I think when they reported earlier today, Prestea Underground hasn't been doing as well. There's higher dilution than expected. Any concerns there in terms of what's happening at Prestea Underground, and how would that potentially impact the royalty stream revenue coming to Royal Gold?
Okay. Yeah, good question. Certainly, we watch Prestea very closely. We have similar concerns that you raised, that it just really has not performed according to its feasibility level throughput or mining rate or grade. We visited here in January. We had an independent review done on the resource estimate to get a little bit more color on how to think about the asset. My takeaway is that the problems that they're having are fixable. The new management obviously is focused on doing exactly that. We think the problems are fixable at the site level and that the ore body is still a solid ore body, and we think it will produce and can produce at a profit.
As far as the impact, what you see is, frankly, Wassa is overproducing and, of course, Prestea has been underproducing. Year to date, they're virtually right on where we expect them to be. It's not obviously the mix we'd like to see, but they haven't had an impact on us yet. They're still guiding to being in their guidance range. I think there's a lot of opportunity for improvement, and I think there's some good low-hanging fruit that they can work on.
Yeah.
Cosmos-
Hi, Tony.
Cosmos, I'd just like to add to Mark's remarks, which were spot on. Just remind you that on an overall basis with our Golden Star investment that we did in 2015, we've already got 50% of our money back.
We've got mine lives that are longer today than when we invested in the project, and we still like the exploration upside of that package. It's just been a great investment for us. If the current new management team can harvest some of that low-hanging fruit that Mark talks about, that's even so much the better.
For sure. Maybe switching gears a little bit here. A question more for Bill. On that $370 million convertible that's maturing in mid-2019, can you remind us of the conversion terms in terms of that convertible? I'm just trying to figure out if you're going to need cash to repay the entire $370 million, or is there a component to it that could potentially be converted into shares?
Yeah. The settlement that has been selected under the indenture has us paying cash for the $370 million. To the extent the price was above, I want to say it's $102.30, somewhere in that range, any excess would be settled in shares. For anything to be settled in shares, the volume weighted average price of our stock for a 45-day trading period from April 15th up to maturity has to exceed the conversion price.
Given where our stock is today, every day-
Yeah
that we trade below makes it harder and harder. Our expectation is we're going to pay $370 million in cash, and there won't be any shares that are issued.
Which is exactly what we wanted. We want to be able to settle that whole thing in cash and continue to guard our shares.
Okay.
Yeah, for sure. I just needed a number so that I could put that into my model as well. Maybe last question here. I think Tony had touched on it in terms of Cortez. Cortez certainly did really well in this past quarter. It sounds like the Barrick-Newmont joint venture partnership could enhance production even more. I think Cortez isn't the only asset you have in Nevada. There's other ones. You have a small one in Goldstrike. You have something at Leeville. Are there any other ones that potentially, when that update comes around, could we see upside potential as well?
I would think that Crossroads is probably the most susceptible to improved production schedules there, as we have talked to the Barrick Goldstrike team or sorry, Barrick-Newmont team. I don't think there's probably a lot of difference that would happen at some of the other assets where we hold an interest, but I could be proven wrong. I think what we need to do is just let those folks spend a little time and fully realize the synergies that we all hope are there.
Mm-hmm. Yeah. For sure. Those are all the questions I have. Thanks a lot again, Tony. I guess you're not leaving yet, so you have to put up with us for another four quarters.
It'd be an absolute pleasure to do so, Cosmos. Thank you for your question.
All right. Thanks.
Again, if you have a question, please press star then one. Our next question comes from Josh Wolfson with J.D. Arden. Please go ahead.
Thanks. Also want to extend a congratulations to you, Tony, for your successful career so far at Royal. Had a couple questions for Penasquito. The production or the operator guidance that was provided in the initial press release. You mentioned that you were looking for more information from Newmont about the outlook at the asset. Were those numbers provided to the company by Goldcorp, or what was the source of those production forecasts for 2019?
Hey, Josh, are you talking about our release and our tables in our press release?
Yeah, correct.
Yeah. Those are really numbers that are really backward-looking. That's what we actually received as far as royalty statements. We haven't yet received the forward-looking numbers for the year as far as I understand. Newmont, I believe, just spoke about that the other day, where they anticipate doing a very extensive review at Penasquito and coming out with some guidance about mid-year. Frankly, I think that's a fair position on their part after having only been in that position for a few days. They need time to digest the asset before they commit. We're a bit like you, on the sidelines waiting for the guidance from the project.
Okay. Yeah. This would be table three, where it shows the 2019 operator's production estimate, but it sounds like the numbers may not be relevant at the time.
Yeah, I think I see Bill Heissenbuttel's pointing that out to me as well. Those were the prior operators' estimates. Again, I think we should raise our eyebrow to those and see what Newmont comes out with.
Okay, that makes sense. Then with regards to the production that was reported for the first quarter at Penasquito, it seemed a bit lighter than our expectations. Obviously, there's a ramp-up period there for the PLP. There's some lower grade sequencing and also the current blockade. The results that Royal Gold reflected, though, were those more affected by the actual production output, or was that more a function of the potential, I guess, delays in concentrate delivery schedules?
Mark Isto, you want to take that question?
Yeah, sure. We receive our royalty statements one month after the quarter ends. They do reflect actual performance in the quarter. Now, they could have a buildup of some inventory partially basedThe blockade that was already spoken about. Really, the numbers are really driven by the lower grade that was expected in the quarter. Does that answer your question?
Yeah. It sounds like it would be more the production side than the delivery schedule.
Yes.
Yeah, I think the other thing to add there, Mark Isto, that we've learned is that Newmont Corporation continues to believe it's a great build throughout this calendar year, starting at a lower grade in this first quarter and continuing to improve as they get more and more into the heart of the stage of mining.
Okay, thanks. One last question for Mount Milligan. It sounds like the longer-term water sources, I think, were mentioned as an opportunity in 2021. Should we be looking at potential throttling of throughput for 2020 as we've seen for '18 and '19, or is that not expected, I guess, going forward in terms of the water availability issues?
Josh, we certainly hope that those things are in the past now with regard to reductions in the wintertime. This new strategy is completely built around that philosophy, that there'll be sufficient water in the tailings facility on the capture of all the things that they're doing now. They'll certainly go into the next winter season in a significantly improved position, and we think it's likely that they'll be able to operate as they expect at full capacity through the wintertime. Looking forward three years, the reason for that is that they have to do an amendment to their permit, and that takes a little bit more time. I'd just say that it's entirely possible that some of the near-term solutions that we're seeing now might be the longer-term solutions as well.
They're taking the time over the next three years to really optimize the water source and not just be completely dependent upon atmospheric precipitation.
Understood, got it. All right. Thank you very much, and congratulations once again.
Josh, thanks for the questions and very much, thanks for the kind words.
Again, if you have a question, please press star then one.
Operator, I think we'll go ahead and wrap up the call at this particular point. Just thank you, everybody, for joining us today, and we appreciate your continued interest and support in Royal Gold and this entire management team, and we look forward to continuing to update you on our progress on our next quarterly call. Thanks, everybody.
The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.