Greetings, and welcome to The Simply Good Foods Company Fiscal Second Quarter 2020 Conference Call. At this time, all participants are in listen only mode. A question and answer session will follow the formal presentation. If anyone should require operator assistance during the conference, please press star zero on your telephone keypad. Please note this conference is being recorded. I would now turn the conference over to your host today, Mark Pogharian, Vice President of Investor Relations, Treasury, and Business Development. Please proceed, sir.
Thank you. Good morning. I'm pleased to welcome you to The Simply Good Foods Company earnings call for the second quarter ended February 29th, 2020. Joe Scalzo, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Todd Cunfer, Chief Financial Officer, will provide you with an overview of our results, which will then be followed by a Q&A session. The company issued its earnings release this morning at approximately 7:00 A.M. Eastern Time. A copy of the release and accompanying presentation are available under the investors section of the company's website at www.thesimplygoodfoodcompany.com. This call is being webcast live on the website, and an archive of today's remarks will also be available. During the course of today's call, management will make forward-looking statements that are subject to various risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially.
COVID-19 has been included as a risk as it's uncertain what the potential impact could be to our business, and therefore, it could cause our future results to be different than our current estimates. The company undertakes no obligation to update these statements based on subsequent events. A detailed listing of such risks and uncertainties can be found in today's press release and the company's SEC filings. Note that on today's call, we will refer to certain non-GAAP financial measures that we believe will provide useful information for investors. The presentation of this information is not intended to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for the financial information presented in accordance with GAAP. Please refer to today's press release for a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure to the most comparable measure prepared in accordance with GAAP.
With that out of the way, it's now my pleasure to turn the call over to Joe Scalzo, President and Chief Executive Officer.
Thank you, Mark. Good morning, and thank you for joining us. Today, I'll recap Simply Good Foods' second quarter highlights and provide you with some details on the performance of our Atkins and Quest brands. Todd will discuss our second quarter financial results in a bit more detail, and we'll wrap it up with a discussion of our outlook and then open the call to your questions. Before we get into the details of our Q2 results, I'd like to discuss the impacts we're seeing with respect to COVID-19. Overall, the first half of fiscal 2020, which ended on February 29th, exceeded our expectations with no material impact from COVID-19. We entered the second half of the fiscal year with positive net sales momentum, solid cost containment, and confidence in our ability to execute our plan and to deliver on the outlook we provided on our earnings January 9th.
Furthermore, the Quest integration is on track, and our synergy plans are proceeding as expected. In March, overall retail foot traffic was extremely volatile, with a surge in the beginning of the month, followed by a significant slowdown in the second half of the month at most brick-and-mortar retailers. The retail takeaway trends of both our category and our brands followed a similar pattern. Given the likely continuing uncertainty around consumer purchasing behavior due to COVID-19 movement restrictions, we believe it's prudent to withdraw our fiscal 2020 full-year guidance at this time. Our key priorities now are to safeguard the continued health of our employees and communities, ensure the reliability of our supply chain, and provide accurate and timely service to our retail customers and consumers. To date, our supply chain remains robust and fully operational.
Our contract manufacturers are taking extra measures to ensure that they are providing their workers with a safe environment and are committed to meet the consumer and customer requirements of our business in the coming weeks and months. Next, we will do what's right for the long-term health of our employees, brands, and business. Now let's move on to slide five and discuss our fiscal second quarter results. Second quarter results were greater than our expectations as both Atkins and Quest delivered strong sales growth as well as growth and adjusted EBITDA margin expansion. Legacy Atkins retail takeaway in the second quarter was generally in line with our estimates. Growth was driven by bars and confections across all channels. Additionally, Atkins' e-commerce momentum continued with sales up double digits. Quest Q2 results were strong across all metrics and are tracking to our acquisition model.
Integration work continues and is progressing on schedule. In our fiscal second quarter and for the year-to-date period, the nutritional snacking category increased mid to high single digits. The growth rate may move around a bit in the short term due to changing shopping behavior related to COVID-19 movement restrictions. Over the long term, we believe the mega trends that have fueled nutritious snacking categories such as healthy snacking, convenience, meal replacement, and on-the-go consumption will continue to be tailwinds for our business and brands. In Atkins and Quest, we have two trusted, advantaged lifestyle brands that target different consumer groups and position us to maintain our leadership role within the category. On a run rate, apple-to-apple basis, we have a scale business with net sales in excess of $900 million. Our outsourced supply chain enables solid margins, low CapEx, and results in strong cash generation.
The Atkins and Quest brands are tightly aligned around the consumer mega trends, such as more frequent snacking occasions and the desire for on-the-go meal replacement. Our products are uniquely positioned to benefit from growing consumer interest in high protein, low carb, and minimal sugar. This profile has broad appeal to consumers interested in better-for-you, as well as weight management and active nutrition shoppers looking to achieve their goals. While we like the diversified forms on this page, bars, shakes, cookies, and confections, we also have a solid R&D pipeline that we'll continue to work on and refine. This is an advantage portfolio with solid margins and financial flexibility to invest in marketing to drive growth. Turning to the second quarter, net sales increased 83.4%.
Legacy Atkins net sales increased 12.1%, and as expected, outpaced the increase in retail takeaway due to our strong e-commerce growth, as well as a slight seasonal inventory build. The contribution from Quest was a 71.3% benefit to net sales growth and grew strong double digits versus comparable period year ago. The increase in adjusted EBITDA is a direct result of higher gross profit driven by higher Atkins net sales and the benefit of Quest. The increase in gross profit was partially offset by the timing of marketing we previously discussed. Total The Simply Good Foods Company second quarter and year-to-date retail takeaway in the IRI, Nielsen-measured outlet universe increased 11.8% and 13.6% respectively. Note that this includes the traditional food, drug, and mass merchandisers as well as Walmart, BJ's, Sam's, and dollar stores. Additionally, IRI Nielsen captures about 90% of legacy Atkins U.S. sales.
However, it only represents about 50% of Quest sales. Atkins Q2 retail takeaway increased 6.1%, with growth across all major channels. We were particularly pleased with our performance in the club channel, which was up strong double digits on a percentage basis versus last year. Atkins e-commerce business continues to do well, up about 60% in both the quarter and year-to-date periods, with bars, shakes, and confections all up double digits. While early on, our momentum here has continued into Q3. Year-to-date, e-commerce represents nearly 7% of Atkins total gross sales. We've doubled our e-commerce business over the last two years and anticipate continued growth over our strategic planning cycle. Quest second quarter nutritional snacking growth was up about 27%, driven by growth in food, mass, and club channels. In non-measured channels, the specialty class of trade has been a headwind.
This is a broader multi-year category issue and not specific to Quest. Given the COVID-19 movement restrictions, the specialty channel could be a greater headwind in the balance of fiscal 2020. The building blocks of Atkins point-of-sale growth are similar to what we've discussed over the last two years, strong base velocity growth. By form, year-to-date bars and confections retail takeaway growth remained strong, up about 8% and 31% respectively. Shakes were off roughly 4% in the second quarter and the year-to-date period due to challenging year-ago comps and other new branded product entries, as well as the distribution loss of our 30-gram shake at a couple of retailers. As expected, base velocity on bars and confections was solid and distribution was down due to shakes, as well as the decision we made last year to cull some underperforming bar flavors to free up supply capacity.
This may not be the case in the second half of the year due to changing shopping behavior related to the COVID-19 situation. Retailers are reevaluating the timing of shelf resets and promotion plans that may result in a delay or cancellation of some of our previously agreed-to programs. Let me now turn to Quest. As a reminder, Quest is a uniquely positioned brand. Management team has done a great job transitioning its positioning from a high-protein bar brand to a broader healthy lifestyle snack brand focused on providing craveable foods backed by metabolic science. About two-thirds of the business is the core protein snack bar, with the remaining one-third consisting of fast-growing products such as protein chips, cookies, and pizza.
No matter which product you consume, the nutritional profile is the same, high in protein, low in carbs, with minimal sugar. Additionally, Quest generates about half of its U.S. sales in the IRI Nielsen universe in traditional food, drug, mass, and club channels. The other half of Quest U.S. sales are generated in the convenience store class of trade and the unmeasured e-commerce and specialty channels, which are not tracked by IRI or Nielsen. Quest year-to-date retail takeaway in the measured IRI Nielsen universe increased 27.6%, with equally balanced gains from both base velocity and distribution gains. Growth across all major forms was up double digits on a percentage basis versus last year, including the important bar business, which increased 12.7% in measured channels. Our team continues to do a great job of driving awareness, consideration, and trial via their sophisticated digital and social marketing mix.
Their unique Quest Squad influencer network is effective in attracting and retaining core consumers. Their presence across various social media platforms, such as Instagram, where Quest has nearly 900,000 followers, has driven solid growth. The Quest R&D team has recently launched some close in flavor and line extensions, as well as some new pack types such as the snack bar and four-pack protein chips depicted on this slide. We're confident in our long-term growth plans for this business. It's a scaled lifestyle consumer brand and not just a single product. Like Atkins, it's backed by an underlying nutritional philosophy supported by science. High protein to improve strength and low carbs and sugars to minimize blood sugar spikes while providing a steady source of energy. Quest is in the early innings of growing brand awareness, consideration, and trial, and we believe a significant runway exists for long-term growth.
In summary, The Simply Good Foods Company competes in an attractive category and is a leader in that category. Combination of Atkins and Quest provides us with two uniquely positioned brands and a diversified portfolio that is aligned around the consumer megatrends of wellness, snacking, convenience, and meal replacement. We're operating our business for the long term and committed to doing the right thing for our employees, customers, and consumers during this challenging time. Now I'll turn the call over to Todd, who will provide you with some greater financial details.
Thank you, Joe, and good morning, everyone. Let me start with two points as it relates to the numbers you see on the slides that follow. First, for comparative purposes, we will review financial statements for the 13 and 26 weeks ended February 29th, 2020. Second, given our asset-light strong cash flow business model, we evaluate our performance on an adjusted basis as it relates to EBITDA and diluted earnings per share. We have included a detailed reconciliation from GAAP to adjusted historical items in today's press release. We believe these adjusted measures are a key indicator of the true underlying performance of the business. I will begin with a review of our net sales drivers of growth. Second quarter U.S. legacy Atkins volume growth was 13%. Higher volume was partially offset by greater trade promotions, resulting in total U.S. legacy Atkins net sales growth of 12%.
As expected, this was greater than the retail takeaway growth of 6.1%, given the continued strength of our non-measured e-commerce business, as well as a slight seasonal inventory build. Legacy Atkins non-US net sales, including Canada and our international business, was up a healthy 13.5%. As a result, total organic net sales growth in the quarter was 12.1%. The Q2 Quest contribution was a 71.3% benefit, resulting in total Q2 net sales increase of 83.4%. For a review of second quarter results across other major metrics. Gross profit was $85.4 million, an increase of $35.7 million or 72%, driven by legacy Atkins sales growth and the inclusion of Quest, partially offset by a non-cash $5.1 million inventory purchase accounting step-up adjustment related to the Quest acquisition, which is now complete. As a result, gross margin was 37.6%, a 250 basis point decline versus last year.
The non-cash inventory step-up adversely impacted gross margin by 220 basis points. Quest lower gross margin and the previously mentioned increase in trade promotion were a 30 basis point headwind. Input costs were relatively benign in the quarter, and we expect only modest inflation for the year. Adjusted EBITDA increased 81.7% to $41.7 million, driven by the increase in gross profit, partially offset by selling and marketing expenses, which increased 83.6% or $12.3 million- $27 million. The majority of the increase, about 75%, was due to the addition of Quest, and the remainder driven by the timing of our higher legacy Atkins marketing expense, as discussed previously. Additionally, G&A expenses increased by 82% in Q2, primarily attributable to Quest, as legacy Atkins was relatively flat to the year ago period.
Moving to other items in the P&L, interest expense increased $7.2 million- $10.6 million due to the increase in the term loan balance. Our effective tax rate in the second quarter was about 26.9%, higher than the year ago period of 24%. As a result, reported net income in Q2 was $10.7 million versus $12.7 million in the year ago period. Year-to-date results are as follows. As I indicated earlier, net sales was driven primarily by volume growth and the Quest acquisition. Gross profit was $147.6 million, an increase of $46 million or 45.3%, driven by legacy Atkins sales growth and Quest. This was partially offset by the non-cash $7.5 million inventory purchase accounting step-up adjustment related to the Quest acquisition. As a result, gross margin was 38.9%, a 260 basis points decline. The non-cash inventory step-up adversely impacted year-to-date gross margin by 200 basis points.
Quest's lower gross margin and the previously mentioned increase in trade promotions were a 60 basis point headwind. Adjusted EBITDA increased 48%, to $73.5 million, driven by the increase in gross profit, partially offset by selling and marketing expenses, which increased 51.3%, or $15.4 million, to $45.5 million. The majority of the increase, about 75%, was due to the acquisition of Quest and the timing of higher legacy Atkins marketing expenses, as discussed previously. Additionally, G&A expenses increased of $14.5 million- $36.6 million, primarily attributable to Quest and higher legacy Atkins employee-related costs. Business transaction costs were $26.9 million and primarily associated with Quest's acquisition. Moving to the other items in the P&L, the net impact of interest income and interest expense was an increase of $9 million due to the increase in the term loan balance.
Year-to-date income tax expense was $2.2 million versus $8.7 million in the prior year. In fiscal 2020, we anticipate an effective tax rate of around 26%. As a result, Q2 year-to-date reported net income was $5.9 million versus $28 million last year. Now turning to earnings per share. In the second quarter of 2020, the company reported $0.11 per share diluted compared with $0.15 per share diluted for the comparable period in 2019. The Q2 year-over-year change was impacted by the non-cash inventory step-up of $5.1 million, integration costs of $3.9 million, and business combination costs of around $700,000. Adjusted diluted EPS was $0.23, an increase of $0.05 versus the year-ago period. Note that we calculated adjusted diluted EPS as adjusted EBITDA, less interest income, interest expense, and income taxes.
Year-to-date reported EPS was $0.06 versus $0.33 per share diluted in the prior year, impacted by the non-cash inventory step-up of $7.5 million, integration costs of $5.3 million and business combination costs of $6.9 million. Year-to-date adjusted EPS was $0.45, an increase of $0.06 versus the year-ago period. Please refer to today's press release for an explanation and reconciliation of non-GAAP financial measures. Moving on to the balance sheet and cash flows. Year-to-date, we paid down $21 million of term loans, and at quarter end, the outstanding term loan balance was $635.5 million. Given our cash balance and the outstanding term loan balance at the end of the second quarter, we are well on track to achieving our trailing 12-month net debt to adjusted EBITDA target of less than 3.7x by fiscal year-end 2020.
Given the unpredictable nature of the COVID-19 crisis, in March, the company began to increase finished goods inventory of some of its high-velocity products. In conjunction with this, as well as for other working capital and general corporate purposes, the company drew down $25 million of the $75 million available under its revolving credit facility. The company believes it is in a strong liquidity position, and at the end of March, the company's estimated cash balance was about $80 million. We anticipate the net impact of interest income and interest expense to be in the $33 million-$35 million range, an increase of $1 million versus our previous estimate due to the drawdown of the revolver. Year-to-date depreciation and amortization was $7.1 million, and capital expenditures were about a half a million dollars. CapEx for fiscal 2020 is expected to be about $5 million, driven primarily by the ERP implementation.
Let me now provide you with a brief update on the Quest integration. The identified cost synergies of $20 million are on track and will begin to materially flow through the fiscal year 2021. The major parts of the integration work stream are well underway and tracking with our plan. Specifically, the supply chain team is working on an integrated approach to procurement, distribution, and warehousing. Work and discussions with vendors are proceeding as planned. Additionally, the Quest and Atkins IT teams are working collaboratively on ERP implementation onto Quest's existing platform. To date, we're on schedule and haven't encountered any major obstacles. Despite the challenges of everyone working remotely, this is one of our top priorities, and the Integration Steering Committee is in constant communication to ensure that we're progressing on our timeline. I would now like to turn the call back to Joe for closing remarks.
Thanks, Todd. As I previously stated, our first half of the fiscal 2020 performance exceeded our expectations. As we began the second half of the year, we were confident in our ability to achieve our previously communicated fiscal year 2020 outlook. However, in March, retail foot traffic was volatile. Retail takeaway of our products was very strong in the first half of the month, followed by a notable slowdown thereafter, underscoring the unpredictable nature of current consumer purchasing behavior due to COVID-19. The severity and duration of the current situation is uncertain. Will likely continue during much of the second half of our fiscal 2020. Given the rapidly evolving situation and the uncertainty related to the potential effects of the COVID-19 outbreak, we believe it is prudent to withdraw our previously communicated fiscal 2020 outlook.
We will continue to monitor the situation and will provide additional perspective on the year during our fiscal third quarter conference call in early July. As I mentioned earlier, we're fortunate to participate in a category that has so many positive underlying growth characteristics. We believe that health and wellness will continue to be an important part of consumers' lives, that the megatrends related to healthy snacking, convenience, meal replacement, and on-the-go eating are long-term trends, and that the low household penetration of this category will be a tailwind for our business for years to come. As such, we believe and have confidence in the long-term growth prospects of our brand and our business. Finally, I want to extend my appreciation during these unique times. First, thank you to our employees in Denver, El Segundo, around the world. They have adjusted remarkably well to their new remote work environment.
Despite juggling multiple new challenges at home, they have continued to collaborate well and execute superbly. Second, I want to thank the leadership teams of Simply Good and Quest, as well as our board of directors. With their continued guidance and leadership, I'm confident we will navigate the short-term challenges of this situation while positioning the business for continued long-term growth. We appreciate everyone's interest in our company and are now available to take your questions.
Thank you. At this time, we will conduct a question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. A confirmation tone will indicate your line is in a question queue. You may press star two if you would like to remove your question from the queue. For participants using speaker equipment, it may be necessary to pick up your handset before pressing the star key. One moment while we poll for our first question. Our first question comes from Chris Growe with Stifel. Please proceed with your question.
Hi, good morning.
Morning.
Morning, Chris.
Hi, Chris.
Good morning. I'm glad to hear you guys are healthy and hope it stays that way. I just thought I would ask you, first of all, as we think about this very loyal consumer base you have, just want to get a sense from you, Joe, if you can speak to it. I know it's very early, but how those consumers react in this environment. Then I'm just curious how you get a sense of that. Is it through e-commerce trends? Sound like those were strong through March. I would say that's probably picking up a bit. You've seen more activity through your website. Is there panel data? Just to get a sense of how these consumers are reacting now, if you have any sense of that, and then how you're going to track that.
Yeah, Chris, good question. Again, very early stages of this, I think right now, the big driver of this has been shopping behavior influence more than its consumption behavior influence. We have a pretty good view of what's going on from a shopping standpoint. As we said in our prepared comments, that March was really volatile. Through the early portion of March up to the weekend of the 20, 21st, we saw a significant spike in foot traffic and a significant uptick in our business, in both our business as well as the category. The weekend of the 20th and 21st appeared to be a inflection point in people's shopping behaviors, a dramatic fall off, double-digit fall off that remained through the end of the month in people's shopping patterns and going into stores. We saw significant channel shifting.
E-commerce, online pickup, and delivery all accelerated, brick and mortar saw a significant fall off that's remained until now. Most of it right now, I'd say, Chris, is shopping behavior driven more than it's consumption driven. Right now, we don't have a really good read on how the confinement is influencing how people consume the product. I can give you my anecdotal experience. It's, you're home, the pantry's pretty close, and I'm snacking more frequently. I think from a snacking behavior, our category will do well once we get over some of the shopping behavior issues. I think obviously the on-the-go aspect of this category is going to be a negative drag for us, offset somewhat by the snacking behavior increases. Really early innings at this point. We don't know a whole lot about consumption behavior.
Our view of how we are thinking about guides had much to do with uncertainty around shopping behavior and the decisions people are making when they go into stores.
Presumably in any given period, there are volatile weeks and this is obviously very unique, no question. I've heard anecdotally as well, you're seeing a pickup in sales in early April here, snack benefits and again, there's another reload, if you will, a pantry loading. Has that picked up a bit? Have you seen that of late in most recent days in the week or any sense of that yet?
Yeah, last few days have been much better than the previous two weeks. Yeah.
Okay. That's what I assumed. I guess jumping around. Yeah.
Yeah. I think that was in part one of the reasons that we suspended guide, just the sheer level of volatility of what people are doing. I'd also add, I've been into a fair number of stores just watching shopping behavior. Actually in the stores, the behavior is really interesting. People are moving into the stores, quickly doing their shopping, and for the most part, staying in center of store. Shopping shelf stable, I would say, basic staples and getting out of the store pretty quickly. One of the behaviors we noticed early in this is even when people are shopping, they're avoiding the perimeter, not always getting into the health and beauty section where a predominant number of our products are. That had some impact to foot traffic in the aisle and then obviously purchase behavior as well.
Well, let's hope they go online to buy that item they miss when they go through that section. I appreciate your color there, and I'll leave it on for the next question. Thank you.
Thanks, Chris.
Our next question comes from Rob Dickerson with Jefferies. Please proceed with your question.
Great. Thanks so much. These are all good questions by Mr. Growe. I guess then, it seems like what you're implying obviously, or what you're saying is there's a ton of volatility. We all understand that. I've had a number of people ask me this morning, if Q2 came in so well though, right? You came in with a 12% organic sales growth, and that's through the end of February. You all said 12% the first half. The first half is 12%. The guidance was still kind of high end to 4%-6%. Obviously, everything's changed since then. You said in the statement, though, that tracking to still hit that guidance, even though there's volatility in the back half. We don't really know what's going to happen in the back half.
At the same time, just to try to find, keep it positive here, is in Q2, and if you put up the 12%, I know there was a lot of concern kind of in the shake business coming out of the February data trend. Your quarter only goes through February, so there's no COVID-19 pre-buying impact, let's say, outside of the inventory build. Net, net, it seems like that business actually did better on the bar side than you would have thought. The narrative KIND of coming in to today and through February was what seems like they're doing worse than shakes. There's more competition in shakes. We worry about shakes. What about shakes? You actually blew away expectations in the quarter, which would make me think that you actually were way ahead of expectations on bars.
Obviously, as we think about the kind of the base business, right, ex-COVID-19, ex near-term behavior shift, can you just speak to that bar business and the shake business in Q2 pre-COVID-19? Thanks.
Yeah, Rob. We felt, as I said in the prepared comments, we felt very good about where we were through the mid-year, obviously pre-COVID-19. Both of our brands were at or exceeding expectations through the first half of the year. We felt we were well-positioned and very confident in our ability to deliver the year. I think that's clear cut. Our decision going forward was much more to do about consumer shopping behavior over the month of March and the unpredictability of projecting that behavior going forward. I would also add that the decision to suspend guidance was a more strategic decision and not just about the uncertainty and the magnitude or the duration of consumer shopping behavior, although that clearly was an important factor.
It also reflected our current priorities, namely to protect our employees and our communities, ensure the robustness of our supply chain, and to provide service to our customers and consumers. For us, it was much more about doing the right thing for our business over these challenging times than it was just about the POS. Again, to reiterate, we felt really good about where we were. We felt very confident pre-COVID-19 that we were going to be able to achieve our financial guidance. We felt good about the composition of our business. As you mentioned, it had been driven through the first half of the year by strong bar and confection business. We had an RTD business that for the first half of the year was down a little bit.
We felt good about the plans we had put into place in the second half of the year to get that moving into positive digits. All in all, prior to the confinement, the consumer confinement, we were really confident that we have momentum on our side, and we would close the second half of the year strongly.
Okay, great. Just one follow-up. Obviously, given everything that's occurring within consumer behavior and what you were saying about the perimeter of the store relative to the front of the store, as that relates to the marketing plan, promotional plan, how quickly do you think those plans could actually shift or capital allocations could shift? I'm asking more about positioning online, right? It seems like good protein, shelf-stable product. If you have the right placement, let's say online, like on an Amazon, you could shift that very quickly relative to the shifting your product placement within the store. Is there ability to shift promotional spend, or rather marketing spend, product placement spend on the page up front, to try to actually further increase and grow that online business given the current dynamic? That's it. Thanks.
Rob, excellent question. Already underway. We've obviously seen, as I mentioned in the prepared comments, our e-commerce business post-COVID-19 has accelerated as is other online delivery and pickup. People are, the best they can, trying to avoid going in the stores and choosing other means of buying products. We've seen that significant pickup in our business and other channels. That has led us to shift marketing spend already to promote our brand in those channels in order to keep some marketing pressure on the business. Good question. Thank you.
Thank you.
Our next question comes from Alexia Howard with Bernstein. Please proceed with your question.
Good morning, everybody.
Good morning.
Good morning, Alexia.
Okay. Can I ask about the supply chain? I know that you're using co-manufacturing for all of your supply. How much flexibility is there to ramp up production in those facilities? Also, how dedicated are the plants? If one of them goes offline because of COVID-19, could other plants pick up that capacity? I'm thinking about both bars and shakes. How much could you increase production on a steady state over the next few months while restaurant traffic is down? Thank you.
Good question, Alexia. We've been in constant communication not only with our contract manufacturers, but communication upstream with our ingredient suppliers. Their situation, they are well prepared for this. We've been in communication for over five weeks with these suppliers to understand what their plans are coming into the situation. We're very confident in the robustness of our co-man, our third-party logistics provider, and our ingredient suppliers. So far, there have been no impacts in their facilities and production in our ability to meet demand. We, in the early stages of this, stepped up inventory on key SKUs. We typically are running about, call it five to six weeks of inventory in our own warehouses for key SKUs, about 35 of our top SKUs.
We started moving our inventory position closer to eight weeks. We'll be continuing to monitor that and continuing to move that up. In some instances, we'll go to 10 weeks of inventory just to give ourselves some safety stock in the event of a spike in demand from a retail standpoint. We're able to get that because we've been in communication very early on in the process. We were able to get that available capacity pretty easily. Again, I have complete confidence in their preparedness, in the robustness of the supply chain, and our ability to flow goods, ingredients to co-man, to our third party warehouse, and to customers smoothly. It's been our top priority. We're on it very early. So far, our supply chain has responded wonderfully to the situation.
Great. Can I follow up with a question on promotional activity? I think you alluded to the idea that you might be pulling back on that going forward. When might that kick in? Do you anticipate an increase in realized pricing as a result over the next few months?
Yeah, it's a relevant question. This is less about us pulling back. It's more about retailers changing their priorities. As you can imagine, they're dealing with operational issues in their stores to keep the stores stocked and trying to keep social distancing. The number of employees in the stores while consumers are shopping. You're seeing those behaviors. A number of retailers announced the number of people that could be in the store at any one time. Some retailers are actually having traffic patterns in the store in order to minimize interaction between their employees and other shoppers. The retail operational impact of the situation is for some retailers to prioritize that over promotions and even shelf resets. I would say it's too early for us to understand the impact of that. I think it's reasonable to believe some retailers will delay shelf resets.
Some retailers will push out promotion events to focus on in-stock shelves and the safety and security of shoppers. Hard for us to know that. I do think it's reasonable to believe we probably aren't going to spend most of our trade spend that we had originally planned simply because customers will pull back events, and those monies will go unused.
Great. Thank you very much. I'll pass it on.
You're welcome.
Thank you, Rob. Next question comes from Jason English with Goldman Sachs. Please proceed with your question.
Hey, good morning, folks. Thanks for responding.
Hey, Jason.
Good morning, Jason.
I think in response to last question, Joe was talking about taking inventory from five to six up to somewhere in the eight to ten range. Sounds like that could have a bit of an impact on cash balance, just given the working capital needs. In that context, where do you think you'll land at net debt by the end of fiscal 2020?
Yeah. That impact in the short term probably has about a $10 million-$15 million cash flow impact. I'd like to think by the end of the fiscal year, we can wind a good chunk of that down, but obviously it depends on how the COVID-19 situation plays out over the next few months. Not a big impact on our goal of 3.75 or less on the leverage. Still confident we will be below that target as of now. We obviously have some levers to pull from a cash flow perspective, Joe just mentioned trade. Obviously, with no travel going on, we'll have some G&A savings here in the back half of the year. Feel much more comfortable
trying to predict cash flow and to some extent, EBITDA and then sales, just given what's going on in the marketplace right now. Very confident on the leverage.
That's kind of what I was trying to back into. I was trying to reverse engineer, effectively, where you're still expecting EBITDA to be. It sounds like your EBITDA expectations aren't changing materially, it's just the sales volatility. In that context, I imagine you've mapped out sort of bull, bear, base type scenarios or worst case/best case type scenarios, and the various offsets that would allow you to manage cash and EBITDA on each. Do you feel like you've adequately stress-tested on both ends of the range, and do you feel confident on the leverage ratio on either end?
We do. Obviously, whether this thing is going to last three months or longer, hard to tell. Hopefully, it will be even shorter than that. We are in the process of doing a lot of stress tests right now. Again, we do have some levers to pull on the cost side. We'll be smart, both from a short-term and a long-term perspective on those cost levers. We should be very good on leverage.
Okay. Last question, just on the.
A different point of view. As you think about consumers sheltering at home and the influence of marketing pressure, you really start challenging how much marketing dollars you should be spending and how truly effective they are. We'll be looking at our marketing investment levels. I totally expect us to see a fall off in return on investment, and I would expect us to pull back on marketing, actually keeping some powder dry for when people are out and about again. That'll be another lever that we will pull at just based on ROI. If we're seeing we're not getting a return for that spending, we're going to pull back. We'll keep our powder dry, and that provides us even more financial flexibility going forward. I think you accurately reflected our sentiment.
A lot of volatility on shopping, which drives the volatility on revenue, but we have a fair amount of dry powder from an EBITDA standpoint.
Yeah, that makes a lot of sense. As you mentioned, as people shelter at home, marketing may be less responsive. Behavior may also be different too. Can you remind us what % of your consumption occasions you believe fall into meal replacement versus snacks?
I don't think we accurately know that. We don't have that data. I don't completely understand how much is meal replacement versus snacking. There is a fair portion of our business that's snacking only, I think we're going to see, again, as I mentioned, an increase in snacking behavior and probably fewer occasions on meal replacement. The other thing to think through, which is I think is really important, is the consumer benefit that we offer in our brands, weight management and active nutrition. Probably a little less relevant from a consumer standpoint during times of confinement. That said, I think healthy snacking will continue to be relevant to folks as they're in their homes. I think the weight management benefit and kind of active nutrition, those are less relevant to us. That has some impact on consumption going forward.
That said, look, we're really confident in our business after we emerge out of this. We're going to make the right decisions in the short term for our business, for our employees, and for our communities. We feel really confident in our ability once this crisis ends, that our business will be right back on track.
Great. Thank you guys very much. Appreciate it.
Our next question comes from John Baumgartner with Wells Fargo. Please proceed with your question.
Good morning. Thanks for the question. I guess first off, Joe, looking at the Quest business, obviously the specialty channel has been weak already, and now with the store closures, that number falls harder as you alluded. What are you seeing in terms of pickup in e-commerce maybe being able to offset those declines? Any data you can share thus far about any channel shift?
Yeah, just on Quest or the entire company?
Quest.
Quest. As you just step back, this has been going on for a number of years. Quest growth in food, drug, mass, and then online has more than offset the declines in the specialty channel. I think with this crisis, specialty channel will accelerate. The good news there is for us is that it's, as a % of our total business, declined pretty significantly versus the last few years. We're reasonably comfortable that that channel shifting is going to continue. This may accelerate it a little bit, but we're in a good position in those other channels to pick up those slacks.
Okay, great. Then in the follow-up, one of the pushbacks that we get on the investment case for Simply Good Foods is a degree of uncertainty as to how long the Atkins brand can grow, how long the raw below messaging could work. When we look at COVID, you hear about the more severe cases being associated with obesity, diabetes. It would seem to reinforce the low sugar, low carb messaging. As you referenced the R&D pipeline in your comments, I'm curious, as you sit back, do you think COVID opens new opportunities for you to expand the low-carb portfolio into new categories? Do you have any household panel data or any anecdotes about health scares being positive for low-carb demand? Just how are you thinking about things on the other side of COVID from a demand perspective, maybe?
Yeah. Great question. The one observation, the high protein, low carb diet is beneficial from a stress standpoint, beneficial from a immunity standpoint. I think all those things that have been driving our business from a mega trend standpoint around health and wellness, with obesity, diabetes, will continue to be relevant. In times when people are concerned about their health, will continue to be relevant. We feel really good about how our brands are positioned from a health and wellness standpoint. For those that kind of push back on how long can we grow this business, I just point out that it's been 11 years now, compound annual growth rate of 13% on Atkins. The category is still massively under-penetrated. A lot of opportunity, a lot of white space from a consumer target standpoint.
We're, again, really confident that the mega trends, once we come out of this crisis, will continue, and our ability to continue to capture those consumers open to low carb and protein rich will continue to be there for us. It's backed by science. It is a trend that's continued for a lot of years, and we're reasonably comfortable in our ability to continue to grow household penetration. Frankly, this will just teach us that health and wellness is important to us. Good immunity is important to us, so to people, and that's going to continue to be beneficial.
Great. Thanks, Joe. Thanks for the insights.
Yep.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Faiza Alwy with Deutsche Bank. Please proceed with your question.
Yes. Hi, good morning. I just wanted to, you touched on this a little bit during the call, but I wanted to talk more about what you're seeing from various category point of view. We don't have full March data at this point, and we kind of saw the uptake across the board through data that we do have through March 21st. I was wondering if you could talk a little bit more about which categories are you seeing the most volatility versus the most slowdown? Which categories do you think are most easily transferable to e-commerce?
I understand. When you talk about categories, are you referring to?
Yeah, I just mean sort of shakes, bars.
Like forms?
Yes, exactly.
Okay. Yeah, the reason I ask that is we don't consider those categories, right? We look at the category organization around consumer need state. Broadly, we think about it as nutritious snacking, sports, active, performance, and kind of weight management. Those are the three segments that we see. As shopping behavior after the 20th and 21st declined kind of double digits, the category broadly moved with the foot traffic. That's what we experienced after the 20, 21st. Within those segments of the category, the category segments that are in the health and beauty aisle, namely sports and active and weight management, saw more fall off than nutritious snacking, which is in center of store. We believe that, again, that category center store, that's where KIND, that's where CLIF is, right?
They were in the center of the shopping area with shoppers coming in, getting in the center of store and getting out of the store. Whereas pharmacy, HABA, we saw just less foot traffic. I think that's the phenomenon that's going on, at least was going on towards the end of March as we moved into April. Really, purchasing behavior is driven by shopping behavior. The reason we're pretty confident that is the case, if you look at both of our e-commerce businesses spiked and have stayed strong since the crisis started. We saw a significant uptick in our Quest business. By the way, Amazon is its largest customer. 15% of their business comes from Amazon. They saw a significant spike in the business on Amazon across all their products, and it's continued to be strong.
Again, on top of kind of 60% growth on our Atkins business on online, we spiked above that after the restrictions started to take place. Again, strong growth in the business where shopping is clearly not the issue, right? I think right now we're seeing purchase, it's less about the form, almost less about the consumer benefit, much more about where it is in the store and how people are shopping.
Okay, got it.
Online our business is strong across the board. Every form, including shakes, we are seeing significant growth, so not impacted by form.
Got it. Just one quick follow-up. Just going back to the supply chain. I know historically you've talked about how, as you talk to your co-packers, you're kind of putting in certain orders relative to where you expect sales will be and to the extent that you diverge from that, there can be incremental costs associated with that. Sort of, is there any framing that you can give us where, I don't know, sales are up X%, like that might have, what the cost impact of that might be?
No, so far, we've not seen a cost impact. We're very early in the stages. Just to give you an example, we went to travel restrictions at the very beginning of March. We also went to remote operations as a company a few days after that. We're early on this. We were early in communicating with our suppliers. We were early in increasing orders on key items. We grabbed a lot of available capacity early in the process, not with really no significant uptick in costs. We've seen a little bit of extra cost in our warehouse operations, mainly driven by making sure the employees in those operations continue to come to work. There's a lot of pressure in the area for other distribution companies looking to try to get employees to come into their places.
We've been paying bonuses that have been helpful in us making sure that we have the employees necessary to get products out the door. Todd, do you have any other comments? We have not experienced any uptick at all in cost of goods.
Yeah. Very nominal at this point. Look, as we pointed out on the call, we are looking at this very strategically. If we have to pay a little bit more in the future to make sure we have products in our warehouse and on our customers' shelves, we're more than willing to do that. We have not seen that yet. Hopefully, that will not be created over the next couple of months. So far, very, very little.
I would remind you too, a year ago, we saw a pretty significant uptick in bar demand. We were able to get that extra supply. We really didn't have any increase in cost in order to get that extra supply. The good news, we're a big manufacturer. We have large volumes, and we offer long runs when a contract manufacturer makes our product. We're somebody that they will actually want to have more business with. If we're getting our demands in, our requirements in pretty early, they're happy to meet those needs if they've got surplus capacity. So far, that capacity's been available.
Thank you.
You're welcome.
Thank you. At this time, I would like to turn the call back over to Mr. Joe Scalzo for closing comments.
Yeah. Thanks again for your participation on our call today. We hope you'll continue to remain safe, and we look forward to updating you on our third quarter results in July. I hope you all have a good day. Take care.
Thank you. This does conclude today's teleconference. You may disconnect your lines at this time, and thank you for your participation.