Good morning, and welcome to Texas Pacific Lands Corporation First Quarter 2021 Earnings Conference Call. This conference call is being recorded. I would now like to introduce your host for today's call, Mr. Chris Stedham, Vice President, Finance and Investor Relations. Please go ahead, sir.
Thank you. You may begin.
Good morning. Thank you for joining us today for Texas Pacific Land Corporation's 1st quarter 2021 earnings conference call. Yesterday afternoon, the company released its financial results and filed its Form 10 Q with the with the Securities and Exchange Commission. These documents are available on the Investors section of the company's website at www.texaspacific.com. As a reminder, remarks made on today's conference call may include forward looking statements.
Forward looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause for actual results to differ materially from those discussed today. We do not undertake any obligation to update our forward looking statements in light of new information for future events. For a more detailed discussion of the factors that may affect the company's results, please refer to our earnings release for this quarter and to our most recent SEC filings. During the call, we will also be discussing certain non GAAP financial measures. More information about these non GAAP financial measures and reconciliations to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures are contained in our earnings release and SEC filings.
Please also note, we may at times refer to our company by its stock ticker, TPL. This morning's conference call is hosted by TPL's Chief Executive Officer, Ty Glover and Chief Financial Officer, Robert Packer. Management will make some prepared comments, after which we will open up the call for questions. Now I will turn the call over to Ty.
Thanks, Chris, and thank you, everyone, for joining us today. Since this is our first quarterly earnings call, I'd like to begin with some background for those who are new to TPL. Then I'll cover our business strategy, our performance during the Q1 and our plans for the road ahead. Lastly, I'll turn it over to our CFO, Robert Packard, to Our financial results in more detail. Texas Pacific was formed as a trust in 18/88 to manage to checkerboarded land assets of the former Texas and Pacific Railway Company.
We have been listed on the New York Stock Exchange since 1927. In the Q1 of 2021, we completed our reorganization from a trust to a corporation. Today, we own over 880,000 acres across 19 counties in Western Texas with the majority located within the Permian Basin. We are very unique in that although we are a oil and gas royalties, surface management and water solutions, and our customers include nearly every major E and P and midstream company operating in the Permian. We believe this provides exceptionally diversified exposure to best in class Permian operators across multiple facets of their operations with added value in the form of our vast and largely undeveloped royalty acreage, our core surface positioning and our sizable market share in and the sourcing of produced water aspect of our Water Solutions business.
We'll walk through each of these 3 core revenue streams in turn. Our oil and gas royalties accounted for 59% of our revenues in the Q1. We own approximately 530,000 gross royalty acres with a vast majority leased for oil and gas development, which entitles TPL to a certain percentage of revenue interest based on oil and gas production. Our average royalty per acre is 4.4%, which translates to about 23,700 net royalty acres on an 8x basis. Our oil and gas royalties are perpetual real property rights that require no capital expenditure from us for continued development, making this a very high margin business.
Fundamental trends in the Permian have been highly supportive for royalties with daily average well production of 150% from 2018 through 2020. At March 31, 2021, Texas Pacific had a robust inventory of 541 drilled but uncompleted wells or DUCs and 4.88 permits, providing clear visibility into future royalty earnings. New DUCs grew from 91 in the 4th quarter from 139 in the 4th quarter to 176 in the 1st quarter. As of March 31, 17% of all Permian rigs were located on TPL drilling spacing units, or DSUs, up from 11% of Permian rigs as of December 31. In terms of spud count, TPL DSUs accounted for 18% of total spuds across the Permian during the Q1.
14% of all permits approved by the Texas Railroad Commission in the Q1 intersect TPL DSUs. Importantly, most of our net royalty acres are concentrated within the Northern Delaware region and core of the Midland Basin. This diverse exposure represents a significant competitive advantage for TPL. Overall, our oil and gas royalties are only 10% developed with the Delaware Basin being less developed than the Midland Basin. Within the Texas portion of the Delaware, TPL accounted for 49% of all spuds during the Q1.
We believe this gives us more runway to grow our royalties over time compared to our peers as the Delaware should continue to support a high pace of growth in production. In addition to our oil and gas royalties, we also have surface ownership of our land. Over the past decade, technological advances in Exploration and development have unlocked a tremendous amount of additional reserves contributing to a rapid build out of oil and gas infrastructure across the basin. These activities and others provide PPO enormous optionality to generate additional cash flows utilizing our surface assets. We call this part of our business SLEM or SLIM, which stands for surface leases, easements and material sales.
We earned income from uses ranging from easements for pipelines, power lines and utilities, agriculture, wind farms, access roads, material sales and various other infrastructure projects. Most of our service revenues come from pipeline infrastructure, demonstrating our ability to capture value all along the oil and gas supply chain from production to midstream. Surface leases and easements are typically 30 plus year contracts with recurring payments every 10 years, providing stable cash flows along with escalated renewal fees. Our material sales primarily consist of caliche, which is calcium carbonate used in construction for energy companies and TxDOT infrastructure development. This is another way in which we provide services to the operators beyond just land, hoping to relieve their pressure points and further solidify our customer relationships.
Out of our SLIM contracts in the Q1, 64% were for upstream activities and 36% were for midstream, further demonstrating our diversification along the value chain. SLEM accounted for 10% of our revenues in the Q1 of 2021 with renewable energy Revenue acting as a hedge against the Texas winter storm as our wind revenue increased $2,000,000 from Q4 2020 due to increased pricing. Similar to our royalties business, Slim can achieve organic cash flow growth through new leasing without any additional capital or operating expenditures, meaning margins are effectively 100%. Lastly, our Water Solutions business accounted for 31% of 1st quarter revenues. We provide brackish water sourcing and disposal and treatment solutions, which are essential to oil and gas development.
A major barrier for other water companies in the Permian is highly fragmented land ownership, which limits their ability to move around. They often need to negotiate agreements with multiple landowners for pipeline right of way to transport their product to a desired end user, significantly increasing their cost per barrel. Texas Pacific is unique that we own strategically located surface assets, allowing us to provide water services without needing costly leases to transport our product and the ability to move water across the vast majority of the Northern Delaware Basin. In addition, our surface assets with emphasis on our state line ownership also play a crucial role in capturing produced water volumes. Although TPL does not operate any saltwater disposal wells, we have agreements covering over 460,000 acres within Texas were the characteristics of Delaware bedrock produce a high water to oil ratio.
These long term contracts combined with volumes stemming from New Mexico provide immediate revenue with tremendous upside from future development. Our contracts are structured so that TPL These factors enable us to capture a large market share in Permian Water Solutions at low cost, and we believe we can continue to grow our water business organically with limited CapEx requirements. The Water business also creates direct synergies with our oil and gas royalties and surface management business As we continue to provide water solutions into areas where they were previously unavailable, we enable further development by operators, which in turn drives our royalties in SLIM revenue. This increased development drives more demand for water sourcing and disposal, continuing this virtuous cycle. To summarize, We believe there is no other company that provides the kind of differentiated exposure we provide to the Permian with low risk and low earnings volatility.
We are diversified across multiple revenue streams. Our customers include numerous blue chip energy operators. We have exceptionally low capital requirements from exploration and production to midstream and the synergies among our business lines will help drive further organic growth. Next, I'll discuss our recent performance and outlook. Robert will go into details shortly, but I'll provide a few high level thoughts.
Oil and gas markets have continued to normalize after the volatility brought on by COVID-nineteen. Through it all, we continue to generate positive operating results, And in fact, 2020 was our 2nd largest revenue year in the company's history. I think this highlights the premium quality of our assets. First, we're diversified. While our royalties are tied to oil prices, we're also anchored by steady cash flows from multiple business activities.
2nd, we have no debt. Many of the energy companies that ran into trouble last year and at similar points in past cycles were over levered. We enjoy high margins and have minimal capital needs in order to generate organic growth, and we continue to benefit from our pristine balance sheet. The result is that we're even better positioned to capitalize on the oil and gas recovery that is now taking place. In the Q1, oil prices returned to $60 per barrel.
As I mentioned, we have an inventory of 541 DUCs and 488 permits and current market fundamentals are supportive of getting those in process Wells converted into producing wells and contributing to our royalties. Next, I'd like to touch on the impact of the winter storm in February. 1st and foremost, our thoughts go out to all of those who are still dealing with the long term effects of the storm. At TPL, we were fortunate to be in a position to help support the energy grid at a time of high stress. As I mentioned before, we have some wind energy exposure within our Splint business that acted as a hedge against the disruption to production activity, but I'd like to focus on the steps we took to mitigate the storm's impact.
On the royalty side, we had an estimated 5 to 6 days of production loss due to the storm or about 6% of the quarter. As mentioned, we recognized higher than average swim revenue from our wind leases. The storm was more impactful to our water business where our downtime was 10.5 days or about 12% of the quarter. We fortunately had preventative steps in place well ahead of the storm, including emergency protocols, winterization efforts and initiatives to protect our infrastructure. As a result, aside from the downtime, we did not incur material cost or damage to our assets from the storm.
Texas Pacific Water Resources was the final remaining source of water for producers in the Northern Delaware as the storm hit and the first to resume production. In the Q1, we are very pleased to have completed our reorganization from a trust to a corporation. We feel this enhanced corporate governance structure better aligns the interest of management, the Board and shareholders. It also allows us to become eligible for certain indexes, which opens us up to a broader base of investors. We view this as a starting point rather than a finish line for continuing to improve our corporate governance.
And to that end, we are engaged in implementing a formal environmental, social and governance policy later this year. We look forward to discussing our ESG efforts with you and future messages. Looking ahead, we are focused on increasing efficiencies in our existing business lines and continuing to grow our market share. We may also take advantage of opportunities for bolt on acquisitions that align with our core revenue streams. As noted, while E and P is dominated by larger players, we operate within a highly fragmented segment of the Permian ecosystem.
Historically, we have funded our acquisitions through our cash flow and we expect this to continue. However, at the end of the day, there is a tremendous amount of value embedded in this portfolio and we do not need to chase acquisitions in order to achieve outsized growth. We will remain opportunistic, and we have extensive relationships across the Permian, which provide us with unique visibility into M and A deal flow. Now I will turn it over to Robert to discuss our financials.
Thank you, Todd. Beginning with our operating results, For the Q1 of 2021, we had net income of $50,100,000 or $6.45 per common share. This compares to $57,400,000 in net income or 7 point For clarity, when the reorganization was completed in January of this year, we converted the sub share certificates to common shares on a one to one basis, so the number of shares outstanding for each period is identical. The decrease in net income and earnings per share is primarily due to a $14,000,000 decrease in water sales revenue, which I'll detail shortly. This decrease in water sales revenue was partially offset by an increase of $7,200,000 and oil and gas royalty revenue in the Q1 of 2021 compared to Q1 of 2020.
Now moving to revenue detail. Total revenue for the Q1 of 2021 was $84,200,000 compared to $96,600,000 for the same quarter last year. Oil and Gas Royalty revenue increased 16.9 percent to $49,500,000 as compared to the prior year. This increase was due to an $8,800,000 increase in gas royalty revenue, primarily driven by a 121% increase in the average realized price in the Q1 of 2021 as compared to Q1 of 2020. Water sales revenue was $13,000,000 in the Q1 of 2021, down from $27,000,000 in the prior year.
This decrease was primarily due to an approximately 41% decrease and the number of sourced and treated barrels of water sold in the Q1 of 2021 as compared to our record level of sales and the Q1 of 2020. This is a direct result of the decreased pace of development employed by operators as they manage their capital allocation following the onset of COVID-nineteen and the disruption caused by OPEC plus decisions in the Q1 of last year. Produced water royalty revenue was $12,500,000 for Q1 of 2021 2020. Please note that beginning this quarter, produced water royalties are shown on a separate line on the income statement to give clarity to the readers of our financials. They were previously included in the easement and other surface related revenue line item.
Produced water royalties were impacted by the winter storm with February volumes down 27% compared to January. Easements and other surface related revenue was $9,000,000 down from 13,800,000 in the prior year quarter. This was primarily due to a decrease in pipeline easement income of $4,900,000 which is again related to the decreased pace of development in Q1 2021 compared to Q1 of 2020. The decrease was partially offset by a $2,000,000 increase in wind revenue year over year as a result of the higher electrical rates during the winter storm. Moving to the expense side, Our largest cost savings were on water service related expenses, which were $3,300,000 down from 6 $800,000 in the prior year's quarter, a decrease of 51.4%.
This decrease was primarily a result of the lower water sales volumes previously discussed. In addition, we continue to see cost savings due to our capital spend on electrifying our water sourcing infrastructure. The use of electricity in lieu of diesel powered generators reduces costs for equipment rental, fuel and maintenance and repairs. Salary and related employee expenses were $10,000,000 down from $10,600,000 in the prior year. G and A expenses were $2,800,000 down from $3,000,000 in the same quarter last year.
These contributed to a total reduction in operating expenses from $26,100,000 in the Q1 of 2020 to $22,100,000 in the Q1 of 2021. Lastly, cash flow from operating activities for the Q1 was $52,400,000 Now turning to our balance sheet. As of the end of the first quarter, We had $310,700,000 of cash and cash equivalents, an increase of $29,600,000 from year end 2020. We continue to carry no debt, as Ty mentioned previously. We did not purchase or sell any land or oil and gas royalty interest in the Q1.
In the Q1 of 2021, we invested $2,700,000 in capital to maintain and enhance our water sourcing assets. As discussed previously, the bulk of the investment was on electrifying our water sourcing infrastructure to further reduce our water sourcing and transportation costs. Looking forward for the balance of 2021, we anticipate spending an additional $7,000,000 to $9,000,000 of capital on our water sourcing infrastructure. With regard to the dividend, for the Q1 our Board has declared a cash dividend of $2.75 per common share payable on June 15 to shareholders of record as of June 8. The Board will continue to evaluate additional dividends in the future.
We did not repurchase any common stock in the Q1. However, On May 3, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program to purchase up to an aggregate of into a 10b5-1 trading plan that would generally permit the company to repurchase shares at times when it might otherwise be prevented from doing so under securities laws. In conclusion, We will continue to evaluate our options and be disciplined in our capital decisions in order to maximize shareholder value through distributions, share repurchases and select investment activity. Now back to Todd.
Thanks, Robert. Before we go to Q and A, I want to conclude by thanking Robert for his years of outstanding service to TPL as CFO. As previously announced, Robert will retire at the end of May and will be succeeded by Chris Stedham, our Vice President of Finance and Investor Relations. We will miss Robert greatly, and we know that Chris will continue to build on the achievements that Robert has helped us realize. With that, Operator, we will now take questions.
One moment while we poll for questions. Our first question comes from the line of Derrick Whitfield with Stifel. You may proceed with your question.
Good morning all and congrats on a strong quarter and update. It's certainly a nice start for your first call.
Thanks, Derek.
With my first question, I wanted to focus on your return of capital strategy And then thinking about your share buyback announcement and your strong cash position, could you speak to your long term strategic view on return of capital and what's the right balance Between stock repurchases and dividends?
Yes. Hey, Derek, this is Ty. Thanks for the question. To To give you a little bit of color on that, TPL has increased its dividend consistently over the last 17 plus years. We've paid a dividend much longer than that.
I mean, ultimately, those decisions are made at the Board level, but we're very confident that our Board is focused on making the best capital allocation decisions for our shareholders.
And as my follow-up and perhaps focusing it with you, Ty, shifting over to growth regarding the potential outside growth opportunities referenced in your press release and prepared comments. Could you speak to your appetite for acquisitions and the parameters you would use to assess such opportunities?
Yes, for sure. I mean, look, we're definitely going to evaluate assets across all of our revenue streams, oil and gas royalties, the Slim business, The water company, I think there's going to be opportunities across all three of those. I mean, ultimately, we're focused on core Permian assets. We want exposure to Tier 1 operators because we feel like those assets perform best through the cycle. Our focus Is on assets that have good visibility to development timing and fit in well with our existing portfolio of high quality Permian assets.
Historically, we funded these types of transactions through our cash flow. But I think we're in a very unique position where we don't need to chase acquisitions In order to achieve growth, so we're going to remain opportunistic and stay very patient and disciplined.
Certainly makes sense. And shifting over to production visibility, could you share your thoughts on your production profile for the balance of the year based on your current DUC backlog and rig activity? And additionally, perhaps comment on your permits and if they support a sustained level of rig activity?
Hey, Derek. This is Chris. I'll take that question. As I look back starting in September, we probably started to see about 50 completions happening every month And that continued definitely through January. With the February storm, it probably slowed down a little bit.
But if you kind of think about our DUC inventory, which is a little bit above 500 DUCs, that certainly is enough to get you through the end of the year at that pace if the operators wanted to continue. And to Ty's point, when you think about the permitting pace, I think we saw Something like 170 new permits over the course of the Q1. And so again that would definitely support Kind of the pace that we've seen at the end of the year. So we feel really good that given the current DUC count and permit count, We've got good visibility for them to continue on kind of the pace that we saw at the end of last year.
Great. And then as my final question, really more housekeeping in nature, could you offer your production split By product for Q1 and comment on the Winter Storm Yuri impact on royalty production?
Yes, sure, Derek. This is Chris again. For Q1, we saw our oil production was probably about 43% to 44% Of the total production, gas was just slightly above 30% and NGLs were the balance. And I think when you think about the impact, As Ty had said in his prepared remarks for February, for most of the operators, I think 5 to 6 days of downtime In terms of production is kind of what we've tended to see. If you look at our produced water royalties as another good analog, It was down about 27% and that would translate to about 6 or 7 days.
And so I think across the board When you think of that kind of 5 to 7 day window of downtime for production, I think that's probably what the expectation should be for February.
That's great. Thanks for your time and thoughtful responses.
Thanks, Derek. Thanks, Derek. Thank you.
Our next question comes from the line of Chris Baker with Credit Suisse. You may proceed with your question.
Hey, good morning guys and thanks for hosting the call. Derek covered most of it, but I was just hoping that since this is the sort of first public call, you could reflect a bit on The different pieces of the portfolio, how they performed last year, given 2020 was pretty challenging, But just any color around sort of the different moving pieces there would be helpful.
Yes. As I mentioned this is Ty. As I mentioned earlier, 2020 was actually our 2nd Best year in the company's history. So as a whole, our asset performed pretty well. One thing that we saw that I would highlight was the produced water royalty side of the business.
That side of the business actually saw Roughly 30% over the year. So it was actually a very nice hedge for some of the other businesses that didn't perform quite as well. And then like we mentioned earlier, the WAN revenue in February, I think just a lot of the hidden value in TPL and the natural hedges that are built into the business Our huge highlight and competitive advantage for TPL over some of the others in the industry.
That's great. And just as a follow-up, we'll look forward to getting the formal ESG report later this year. But Could you just maybe expand on how you guys are thinking about ESG? I think relative to E and Ps, at least from my view, The lack of Scope 1 emissions is a pretty clear differentiator, but just wondering how you guys are thinking about that potential opportunity?
Yes. Look, again, this is Ty. I mean, we see it as a big opportunity for us. We're very excited about it. I think the reduction in flaring that we've seen as a percentage of our production Just with the infrastructure that we've helped plan and get built out on our property has been a big win for us over the last few years, A great opportunity for us to work with our operators and kind of be a problem solver there as well and just increase that relationship.
So again, yes, I look forward to getting that message out there and super excited about it.
Great.
Thanks guys.
Thank you. Thank you.
Ladies and gentlemen, we have reached the end of today's question and answer session. This does conclude today's conference. You may disconnect your lines at this time. Thank you for your participation and enjoy the rest of your day.