Welcome to Visa Inc.'s fiscal Q4 and full year 2012 earnings conference call. All participants are in a listen-only mode until the question and answer session. Today's conference is being recorded. If you have any objections, you may disconnect at this time. I would now like to turn the conference to your host, Mr. Jack Carsky, Head of Global Investor Relations. Mr. Carsky, you may begin.
Good afternoon, and welcome everyone to Visa Inc.'s fourth fiscal quarter and full year 2012 earnings conference call. With us today are Joseph Saunders, Visa's Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and Byron Pollitt, Visa's Chief Financial Officer. This call is currently being webcast over the internet. It can be accessed on the investor relations section of our website at investor.visa.com. A replay of the webcast will also be archived on our site for 30 days. A PowerPoint deck containing highlights of today's commentary was posted to our website prior to this call. Let me also remind you that this presentation may include forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. By their nature, forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and, as a result of a variety of factors, actual results could differ materially from such statements.
These include setbacks in the global economy and the impact of new financial reform regulations. Additional information concerning those factors is available in the company's filings with the SEC, which can be accessed through the SEC's website and the investor relations section of the Visa website. For historical non-GAAP or pro forma-related financial information disclosed in this call, the related GAAP measures and other information required by Regulation G of the SEC are available in the financial and statistical summary accompanying our fiscal fourth quarter and full year earnings press release. This release can also be accessed through the IR section of our website. With that, I turn the call over to Joe.
Thanks, Jack, and as always, thank you all for joining us today. Let me begin by saying that our hearts and thoughts are with the people on the East Coast of the U.S. who are now recovering from Hurricane Sandy. Many of our clients, our employees, our partners, and investors like you live in affected areas, and we hope that you, your families, and your neighbors are all safe and moving toward a full and speedy recovery. Visa closed out fiscal 2012 with a solid fourth quarter, delivering net operating revenues of $2.7 billion, a 15% increase over the same period last year. Adjusted diluted earnings per share for the fourth quarter were $1.54, an increase of 21% over the prior year quarter.
The adjustment in diluted earnings reflects the impact of a $627 million increase in net income during the fourth quarter from the reversal of tax reserves and accrued interest associated with our covered litigation. This was due to the withdrawal of the notice of proposed adjustment by the IRS during the quarter. Byron will provide additional commentary. Revenue gains for the quarter were driven by particularly strong payments volume growth for credit products in the United States, as well as continued expansion of our core business and growth of processed transactions in international markets. Visa also delivered strong performance for the full fiscal year. Net operating revenue in 2012 was a record $10.4 billion, a 13% increase over 2011. Adjusted net income was $4.2 billion, a 19% increase over the prior year. Full-year adjusted diluted earnings per share came in at $6.20, 24% ahead of last year.
Now let's turn the discussion to what's ahead in 2013. Byron will get into specifics on broad guidance for fiscal 2013, but we are reaffirming our commitment to a growth rate in the high teens for adjusted diluted earnings per share. That being said, Visa is taking a measured approach to the coming year. We are mindful of uncertainties in the global operating environment, including softness in some pockets of the global economy and continued volatility in Europe. Given our better-than-anticipated performance in fiscal 2012, we essentially raised the bar on ourselves and now face somewhat tougher comparisons in the coming year. With that in mind, at this early point in fiscal 2013, we are once again setting our net revenue guidance growth to low double digits. An improving economic environment could well change our view, but we'll take a prudent road for the time being.
Effective tomorrow, Charlie Scharf becomes Visa's Chief Executive Officer. I will continue as executive chairman of the company until March 31st, at which point I plan to retire. Charlie's appointment was the result of a thorough and robust succession process. Charlie is a proven leader. He has experience as a senior executive with large global enterprise and is familiar with Visa both as a client and as a board member. Importantly, Charlie drove innovation well at the helm of Chase's retail operation. I am confident that Charlie will hit the ground running, not miss a beat, and accelerate our forward momentum. I look forward to working with him to make this transition seamless, and I'm sure he looks forward to getting to know you better and that he will talk to you directly when he leads our next earnings call.
Given Visa's outlook for growth, we continue to deliver on our commitment to return excess cash back to shareholders. During the quarter, our as-converted common share count was reduced by two and a half million shares at an average price of $127 per share by spending $324 million. Earlier this month, our board of directors authorized an incremental $1.5 billion for Class A share repurchases. Additionally, as reported last week, our board raised our dividend 50% over last year's rate to $1.32 per share on an annualized basis. Turning to our business in the United States. Overall, we continue to apply a disciplined approach to expand Visa's business in the rapidly evolving technological and competitive landscape. Our business is tracking closely with our expectations. For credit products, Visa extended our gains. During the September quarter, payment volume grew 9%, with particular strength from our affluent products.
Prepaid growth also continues to be strong in the U.S., with the general purpose and payroll segments serving as our two biggest growth drivers in the category during the September quarter, posting 28% and 30% payment volume growth respectively. Let's turn to U.S. debit, where the situation continues to play out as expected and in line with our guidance. Quarter by quarter, we are getting smarter about how to operate in the new environment and which levers to pull to grow our debit business. That being said, I want to reiterate our belief that the share loss resulting from the Dodd-Frank regulation is both permanent and fully incorporated in our FY 2013 guidance. We continue to advance towards our goal of generating 50% of our revenue from outside the U.S. Overall, U.S. debit growth rates have stabilized since our last earnings report, with aggregate debit payment value growth modestly improving to -6% during the September quarter.
We have been working with issuers to secure long-term contracts. To that end, we've secured our top 15 U.S. debit issuers to long-term agreements. Our revised strategies for the U.S. debit segment continue to gain traction in the marketplace, achieving Visa's own operational and financial expectations while simultaneously delivering value and benefit to our clients. As for the U.S. Department of Justice's civil investigative demand, I have no material update. We are regularly submitting data to the DOJ. The company will continue to update you as the situation develops, but we remain comfortable in our position on this issue. At the same time, we are making steady progress towards completing the previously announced merchant litigation settlement in the U.S. On October 19th, the merchant plaintiffs filed a motion for preliminary approval.
The judge set an accelerated timetable last week, which calls for hearings on the motion on November the 9th. We are hopeful the judge will grant preliminary approval shortly thereafter, with the rules becoming effective 60 days later. Bottom line, I'm confident that the overwhelming majority of merchants will support the agreement, and it will be approved. Let's briefly turn to Visa's international geographies, where payment volume growth moderated slightly during the fiscal fourth quarter, but still delivered strong revenue growth of 13% as we continue to maintain our strong competitive leadership position. We continue to advance towards our goal of generating 50% of our revenue from outside the U.S. To drive growth, we continue to apply a targeted investment strategy which deploys locally tailored acceleration plans within several key geographies.
In doing so, our goal is to substantially increase Visa's revenue over a five-year time horizon. In the interest of time, I won't walk through a list of new and expanded agreements from the quarter, but suffice it to say, we continue to grow our relationships with financial institutions, merchants, and governments of all sizes around the world, and these are driving payment volume and processed transactions as well as revenue growth for Visa. This approach will continue to be a priority as our organization moves ahead in the future. Let me talk about Visa's innovation agenda, an area where we are making considerable progress. We continue to invest in new technologies that will increase the number of transactions on our core business platforms, add incremental value to the merchant community and their acquirers, and forge new revenue opportunities for both Visa and our financial institution clients.
Most importantly, we know that our innovations must create real value for our clients' account holders who ultimately use these products and services. Let's start with V.me, our digital wallet. We are making significant progress putting together the network that will enable us to scale consumer adoption of V.me. On the issuer front, we recently announced two major partners, PNC and U.S. Bank, both of which will make an immediate impact as we begin to grow users of the product. Altogether, we have 34 agreements signed with leading U.S. issuers, including four of our 10 largest institutions in the U.S. Looking ahead, we're confident that the number will continue to grow. Together, they give us the opportunity to tap roughly 50 million consumers through our bank partners. We look forward to making additional announcements in this area in the coming months.
At the same time, we're making progress signing up merchants for V.me. By the middle of 2013, we expect to have more than 1,000 online merchants using V.me, including 20 of the 50 largest e-commerce merchants in the country. I want to reiterate that V.me is designed to help capture the significant immediate growth opportunity in e-commerce. E-commerce is one of our fastest-growing channels, with Forrester Research predicting that U.S. consumers will spend $327 billion online by 2016, up 45% from the $226 billion in 2012. As a reminder, V.me creates a simplified and secure e-commerce experience for consumers no matter what payment device or technology they choose to transact with. This offers our clients a differentiated solution to address a real market opportunity today and provides a fast and convenient experience for consumers making online purchases.
At the same time, Visa is a leader in enabling NFC payments at the point-of-sale in the U.S. As one example, Isis, the payments joint venture founded by AT&T Mobility, T-Mobile USA, and Verizon Wireless, is currently enabling Visa payments via NFC in its own mobile wallet as part of their recently launched pilot. Isis's open approach aligns with Visa's strategy of enabling consumers to make mobile payments with whatever device they choose using the trusted accounts they already have. Consumer adoption of NFC is in its very early stages today, and I'm very comfortable that Visa is well-positioned to deliver the best mobile solutions to our clients, helping them take advantage of this long-term shift in consumer behavior. Also on the innovation front, I'm pleased that CyberSource continues to deliver exceptional growth and expand its e-commerce business around the world.
For the most recent quarter, billable transactions totaled $1.4 billion, growing 25% versus the same period a year ago. CyberSource's unique capabilities are particularly resonating in international markets. The time we bought CyberSource, they had field operations in only four countries. Today, that number is 12 and growing, and CyberSource teams are benefiting from Visa's local market knowledge. To conclude, I'd like to say again how proud I am of what we've accomplished here at Visa. Since our restructuring five years ago, we have successfully delivered on all of our investor commitments and transitioned to a solid public company that will continue to compete globally well into the future. Visa is built on a simple yet effective strategy: to be the best way to pay and be paid.
To deliver on that promise, we have created an organization that is focused on delivering payment products and services to the evolving needs of consumers, merchants, governments, and financial institutions. We have also established a culture that can adapt to a fast-changing landscape and thrive in the midst of challenges. We are well-positioned to continue to expand our core business, invest in next-generation technologies that will define the future of payments, and accelerate the expansion of our business outside of the U.S. Today, I know we have the right people, the right strategy, the right technology, and the right experience to continue to be a leader of our industry. With Charlie as CEO, I am confident that Visa will continue to grow globally and deliver innovation that meets the needs of Visa account holders and our clients.
I'd like to thank everyone at Visa, all of our partners, and all of our investors for the opportunity to work with you. I look forward to seeing Visa take full advantage of all that lies ahead. And with that, let me turn the call over to Byron.
Thank you, Joe. I'll begin with some observations and call-outs. First, as Joe mentioned at the outset, we reported the quarter on an adjusted basis. We were recently notified by the IRS that the NOPA, or notice of proposed adjustment, in connection with the deductibility of our litigation payments made in 2008, had been withdrawn. As a result, we reevaluated and reversed all previously recorded tax reserves and accrued interest associated with all covered litigation expense previously recorded. This increased net income for the quarter by $627 million. Second, US revenue growth continues to be supported by solid credit payment volume growth. Although our six consecutive quarters of double-digit growth were interrupted as the September quarter clocked in at 9%. Through the 28th of October, however, credit payment volume growth has comped at an 11% rate, a notable rebound. Reflecting a month-to-month volatility dynamic we've seen more of recently.
Third, with four quarters of lower U.S. debit interchange and two quarters of the new debit routing rule behind us, the impacts have been manageable. Aggregate U.S. debit posted a negative 6% growth rate in the fourth quarter versus a negative 9% in the third quarter, led by Interlink payment volume, which was off 48% versus 54% in the third quarter. While we are pleased our mitigation strategies are working as planned and are consistent with our expectations, we would caution that the U.S. debit environment is still evolving. Finally, as was the case last quarter, the all-in impact from U.S. debit regulation, which includes restructured pricing, incentives, other mitigation strategies, and volume loss, cost us about $0.04 in EPS for the quarter. Management's view of the future effects have been incorporated into our guidance. Now let's turn to the numbers.
As is our practice, I will cover our global payment volume and process transaction trends for the quarter, followed by our results through October 28th. I'll then cover the financial highlights of our fiscal fourth quarter and conclude with our guidance outlook for fiscal 2013. Global payment volume growth for the September quarter in constant dollars was 6%, unchanged from the June quarter. The U.S. grew at 1% and rest of world at 12%. More recently, through October 28th, U.S. payment volume growth posted a 3% gain comprised of 11% credit growth and minus 4% for debit. Global cross-border volume delivered a solid 10% constant dollar growth rate in the September quarter, which compares to a 14% rate in the third quarter. The U.S. grew 8% and the rest of world 11%.
The moderation in growth was broad-based, with notable step-downs in the U.S., North and Southeast Asia, and Latin America. Through October 28th, cross-border volumes on a constant dollar basis grew 11%, with a U.S. growth rate of 9% and rest of world at 12%. Transactions processed over Visa's network totaled 14 billion in the fiscal fourth quarter, a 2% increase over the prior year period and up from 1% in the prior quarter. A debit-led decline of 1% in the U.S. was offset by 19% growth in the rest of world. For the month of October through the 28th, processed transaction growth was a positive 4%, driven by an improving trajectory in the U.S. Separately, CyberSource reported 1.4 billion transactions for the period, a 25% increase over the prior year. Three call-outs.
First, as expected, the brunt of U.S. debit regulation is being felt by our Interlink product, where transaction growth will continue to be negative until we lap the implementation of the routing rules in the middle of next year. Second, Visa processed transactions continue to grow at double-digit rates for U.S. credit and rest of world. Finally, as Joe mentioned at the outset, we are operating under the assumption that the U.S. and global economies will continue their moderate growth over the next 12 months as uncertainty from the fiscal cliff, continued Eurozone concerns, and a general slowdown in world trade put a damper on domestic consumer and cross-border spending. Turning to the income statement. Net operating revenue in the quarter was $2.7 billion, a 15% increase year-over-year and ahead of our expectations as a result of stronger U.S. debit and credit performance.
For the full fiscal year, net operating revenue was $10.4 billion, a 13% increase over the prior year and a better performance than we had anticipated going into the year. After hedges, there was negative 1% foreign exchange impact on net revenue in the quarter and no impact to the full year. Moving to the individual revenue line items. Service revenue was $1.3 billion, up 14% over the prior year period. This reflects strong payment volume growth in the June quarter, the revenue from which is recorded in the September quarter. Data processing revenue was $1.1 billion, up 15% over the prior year's quarter, based on solid growth rates from Visa processed transactions outside of the U.S. and for CyberSource globally, as well as competitive pricing actions that became effective last quarter.
The step-up in gross revenue data processing yield, which we first saw last quarter, continued to carry through this quarter, due in part to strategic pricing adjustments, but also driven by the ongoing, though moderating, decline in Interlink transactions, which are, by far, our lowest-yielding product. International transaction revenue was up 5% to $796 million, reflecting solid but moderating strength in cross-border volumes, with mid-single-digit growth rates in the U.S. and Asia-Pacific, low double-digit growth in Latin America, and low 20s in our CEMEA region, as measured on a constant dollar basis. Client incentives for the quarter as a percent of gross revenues came in at 17%, lower than we had anticipated on a percentage basis due to better than expected revenue performance, but in line in terms of absolute dollars.
For the fiscal year 2012, incentives were 17% of gross revenues, at the low end of our guidance of 17%-18%. While total operating expenses for the quarter were $1.2 billion, up 18%, it is important to note that this heavier than normal operating expense level is not a new quarterly run rate. When viewed on a full year adjusted basis, expenses grew 12%, of which approximately two percentage points were due to annualizing acquisition expenses. As expected, this annual expense growth was consistent with delivering a 60% adjusted operating margin, which was our guidance for the year. As further perspective on expenses, three call-outs. First, we staged more of our investment spend in the second half of the year to enable a tighter linkage between revenue and expense growth. Second, marketing spend of $271 million intensified in Q4, associated with the London Olympics.
For the full year, marketing expenses were $873 million, relatively unchanged from the prior year and in line with our guidance. Finally, third, we took over $30 million in Q4 restructuring reserves, which included the closing of our San Francisco offices and consolidation of our staff into our Foster City campus. Looking ahead to 2013, we have planned a closer balance between first and second half operating spend. Our operating margin for the quarter was 56%, bringing our fiscal full year adjusted margin to 60%, which, as noted earlier, was on target with our guidance for the year. Capital expenditures were $141 million in the quarter and ended the fiscal year at $376 million. This roughly represents the midpoint of our guidance range. Our adjusted tax rate for Q4 was 33%, and for the entire fiscal year, 33%.
As I mentioned at the outset, both of these figures were affected by events over the course of the year. During the quarter, total as converted Class A common stock was reduced by two and a half million shares at an average price of $127 per share, utilizing $324 million of operating cash on hand. This is inclusive of the $150 million escrow funding made in late July. As Joe mentioned at the outset, our board recently authorized a new repurchase program totaling $1.5 billion, effective through October of 2013. This is incremental to the $865 million still outstanding from our previous authorization. We also raised our annual dividend 50% to $1.32 per share on an annualized basis, which represents a payout ratio of about 21% on 2012 adjusted earnings.
At the end of the September quarter, we had 668 million shares of Class A common stock on an as-converted basis. The weighted average number of fully diluted shares for the fourth quarter totaled 672 million, and for the full fiscal year, 678 million. Finally, let me finish up with our guidance for fiscal 2013. In terms of the top line, as Joe said at the outset, we are guiding to net revenue growth in the low double digits, though the possibility of upside exists if we were to see a noticeably stronger economic rebound over the course of the year than we are currently experiencing. As a reminder, going into fiscal 2012, we built into our internal projections a sustained but modest recovery for that year, with fiscal Q3 and Q4 bearing the brunt of U.S. debit regulations, followed by economic acceleration in 2013.
That said, the trends in the past two quarters suggest economic assumptions around 2013 were too optimistic. Many of the same uncertainties remain. While we lost significant U.S. debit share, we weathered the second half of 2012 better than we expected. As we look ahead into 2013, growing uncertainty in the U.S. and world economy has precipitated a slowdown in domestic and cross-border spending. When we combine this global outlook with the higher bar created by better than anticipated 2012 revenue growth, we now find ourselves in a situation similar to 2012 and believe revenue guidance in the low double-digit range is the right call at this time. Adjusted diluted earnings per share growth remains the same at a high teens rate. Client incentives as a percent of gross revenue are expected to range between 18%-18.5%.
We expect this modest increase over fiscal 2012 to be driven by a growing level of incentives for financial institutions outside the U.S. in combination with incentive contracts with large U.S. merchants and acquirers. Marketing expense is projected to be under $1 billion. However, we will see a moderate uptick over the level of fiscal 2012 with more of the marketing spend budgeted in the first half versus the prior year. The uptick will be driven by greater investment in our AP MEA region, as well as incremental investments behind our V.me and mobile initiatives. Operating margin is expected to remain at about 60%. The tax rate is expected to be in the 30%-32% range. This reduction anticipates benefits from foreign tax credits to be claimed in fiscal 2013. We anticipate the timing of these benefits to be skewed more to the second half of the fiscal year.
Capital expenditures are projected to range from $425 million-$475 million. This represents a moderate increase over the $376 million we spent in 2012 and fully funds investments we are making across the globe in support of our core business as well as our mobile and e-commerce initiatives. Finally, we expect free cash flow of about $5 billion. Our priorities for use of this cash remain the same. First, reinvesting in the business; second, appropriate acquisitions; and third, distribution to our shareholders in the form of dividends and share repurchases. Before we take your questions, recognizing Joe's retirement next March, I want to briefly reflect on Visa's five years as a merged business entity and our four-and-a-half-year public life.
With 2008 as a base year, despite a deep U.S. recession and challenging regulatory environment, under Joe's leadership, the Visa team has delivered net revenue growth at a 14% compound annual growth rate and adjusted diluted EPS at a 29% compound annual growth rate. Our adjusted operating margin has gone from 46% in March of 2008 to 60% today. We lowered our tax rate from 41% to 33%. We have tripled our dividend rate through annual increases and have collectively returned $1.8 billion in dividends to our shareholders IPO to date. Lastly, over that same period of time, we have reduced our common share count through litigation escrow funding and open market purchases by 118 million shares, representing $9 billion returned to shareholders. With that operator, for the 19th time since going public, we are ready to take questions.
If you would like to ask a question, please press *1 and clearly record your name. You will be announced prior to asking your question. To ensure all questioners are heard, we ask that you please limit yourself to one question. Once again, to ask a question, please press *1. To withdraw your question, press *2. One moment for our first question. Our first question comes from Bob Napoli of William Blair. Your line is open.
Thank you. Good afternoon. Congratulations, Joe. I wish you the very best.
Thank you.
A question on your new CEO starting tomorrow, Charlie. I guess what led you to Charles Scharf? I mean, this is a dynamic type technology business, international growth. Charlie's, everything we can tell, is a very strong executive, but more of a U.S. bank guy. What were the key choices in selecting Charlie and going outside the company today versus internal?
Well, as I mentioned in my comments today, he's a dynamic executive. He's done very well. He understands our business. He's been a client. He has been on our board. If you remember, he was on the board of this company for 3 years. He has more than a fleeting familiarity with Visa. He is very familiar with the staff at Visa, having interacted with many of them for a number of years. While he's not a technologist per se, he's run large organizations that depend very significantly on technology.
We also, as you remember, have parsed our company in a way where we have focused on technology simultaneous to what we do in our core business. There has to be a recognition that our core business is what's feeding this engine and what's creating the revenue and the cash flow that allows us to invest. We have an extremely strong technology organization. We've hired a number of extraordinary individuals over the last two or three years. We're very confident that that organization has the ability to continue to take us forward. In fact, I think you'd have to admit that vis-à-vis other companies in our space, we're way out front, and we don't intend to lose that lead. Thanks for asking the question.
Our next question will come from Sanjay Sakhrani of KBW. Your line is open.
Thank you. Good luck to Joe as well. One of the beauties of Visa's business model is kind of the scalability. Just in looking at your operating margin guidance, it seems like we have another year in 2013 of relatively modest operating margin expansion. Could you just talk about the dynamics that kind of preclude that from happening? Then specific, I want to just call out or a clarification. I was wondering if there was a call out on the other revenue line because that was up a little bit. Thank you.
With regards to operating margin leverage, we have been picking up the pace of reinvesting, particularly in our growth initiatives that really won't begin to drive revenue in a meaningful way until three and four and five years out, you can look at Mobile, V.me. So what we have done up to this point is invest aggressively in new office expansion and deploying more account executives serving clients in country, all of which drive margin expansion, which as you've noticed, has moved from 46%, which seems like a lifetime ago, up to 60%. As more of our investment, our acquisitions are much more forward-looking, there will be more of a lag between when that'll show up in operating leverage expansion versus pure investment in the core that leverages completely the VisaNet platform.
With regards to other revenue, the reserves associated with the release of the FIN 48 expenses that we had recorded associated with the NOPA, a part of those reserves were recorded in other income, as we released those reserves, they showed up in that column.
Our next question will come from Greg Smith of Sterne Agee. Your line is open.
Yeah. Hi. Byron, just two quick questions on the 2013 guidance. Are there any pricing increase assumptions in there? The second one is just can you reiterate what you said on marketing? Will we actually see the first half heavier than the second half or just more of a skew compared to 2012, please?
Could you repeat the last question again?
Well, just the total marketing spend.
Yes.
You called out that you said there'd be more of a skew to the first half. Were you talking just total absolute dollars heavier in the first half than the second half? I just wasn't clear on that.
Yeah. Let me deal with that one first. If you look at the total amount of marketing spend that we incurred in the fourth quarter, it was $271 million. That was 31% of our entire year's marketing budget. What we have in marketing this year is a percentage and dollar weighted much higher to the fourth quarter or to the second half. On a percentage basis for next year, we expect to see a better balance, a more even. It won't be 50/50, but it'll be much more in balance between what is spent in the first half and second half. Even though you asked that question in the context of marketing, let me broaden that and say that that should hold true for our entire operating expenses.
We were much more second-half weighted this past year than we expect to be in the year to come. I'm sorry, your first question was?
Pricing increases.
Pricing increases. I would say that there is very little in the way of pricing built into the coming year. In fact, we are giving back some effective pricing as a part of our response in the U.S. debit arena. The revenue growth for next year is going to be delivered the good old-fashioned way by driving hard against payment volume, not only in the U.S., but in the rest of world in particular.
Our next question will come from Jason Kupferberg of Jefferies. Your line is open.
Thanks, guys. Joe, my congratulations to you as well. Just wanted to get a general update on the e-commerce business in terms of either your % of volume or % of revenue or growth or whatever metrics you can provide, and some color onto what extent V.me can accelerate this, and perhaps in which timeframe. Just a quick clarification for Byron. What caused the jump up in other income here in Q4? Thanks.
You go first.
Okay. With regards to other income, it was principally driven by two things. The release of reserves which are related to the reversal of the NOPA reserves on the IRS situation that clarified itself this past quarter. The vast majority of those reserves are taxes. When you are put into a situation where you potentially have to pay back taxes, then you have an interest charge, and that interest charge was the source of the relief in reserves that hit that column. In addition, we had some insurance recoveries that occurred that quarter. That's why those popped up. On the e-commerce, with regards to the % of our business, we don't have an update on that for the moment, but this is our fastest growing channel across the company globally. Within that e-commerce channel, the fastest growing form factor is mobile.
This is why we have put such emphasis on V.me, which is particularly suited for the mobile form factor, and why we have put such strong focus on mobile strategies that go far beyond NFC and are global in scope.
Our next question will come from Tien-Tsin Huang. Your line is open, from J.P. Morgan.
Great. Thanks, Joe. Just want to also say thanks and congrats on the retirement. I got two quick ones, maybe. Just on the rebate line, that was nicely lower than we expected for the quarter. I'm curious for next year, the line of sight into the 18%-18.5%, how much of that step up is sort of signed based on your deals that you've already renewed or recently won versus anticipated deals? Just trying to get a better sense of conservatism versus reality there. Then secondarily on debit, I know there's a little bit of improvement in October. How much of that is paved in some of the other mitigation strategies versus just macro or new wins? That'd be great. Thanks.
Okay. On the incentive side, I would say, first of all, that the drivers are almost as much rest-of-world contracts that a number of which, a meaningful increment of which have already been signed and will begin annualizing at a higher incentive rate going into next year. That's one major driver of the incentive increase. The other major driver is that we're only two quarters into the routing rule changes in U.S. debit. As a result of that, we've got a building momentum of agreements that we are signing with merchants and acquirers, and that also has yet to annualize in the coming year.
Our next question will come from Thomas McCrohan of Janney. Your line is open.
Thanks. Joe, congratulations on all your achievements and best of luck in your retirement. Can you expand a little bit about the routing agreements that are still being signed with the merchant community? Just give us a sense of how those are going to be structured and how they're going to be flowing through the income statement. Thanks.
Well, what I would say is two things. These agreements are very much performance-oriented agreements. For the most part, they only pay out incentives if the volume is delivered. I think it's important to emphasize that the agreements themselves don't guarantee volume. They incentive. If the volume is there, the incentives will be paid. If they aren't, they aren't. To a certain extent, there's a degree of variability with regards to how much incentives will be paid out, and it will be completely tied to the volume delivered. Then we are still, as I said before, on a path of signing additional merchants with these agreements. We do expect them to be not only performance-based, but to grow in number as the year unfolds. The way these are booked into the income statement is virtually 100% contra revenue incentives
comes from Julio Quinteros of Goldman Sachs. Your line is open.
Great. Congratulations, Joe, as well. Just a quick question on decomposing the EPS growth rate. Understanding where the revenue growth is and the target for the margins. If you think about the buyback that you guys have currently, coupled with the lower tax rate, is there some proportions that we should be thinking about in terms of how much of the buyback is built into the EPS growth, and also the tax rate? I think you said was in the 30%-32% range. Is that correct?
Yes. Julio, I'm going to let you do the math. What we've done is given you all of the metrics that we typically give you at this point of time. Clearly, there is a dynamic with the low double-digit revenue growth, and the operating margin will be the major contributor. Tax, once again, will allow us to add a little octane to the EPS growth. As you have noticed, we're very disciplined repurchasers of our stock over the course of the year. We also have a habit of readdressing the opportunity for buyback at every single board meeting. Today, as we enter into the new fiscal year, we have $865 million of previously authorized but unspent, open to buy on share repurchase.
We have a $1.5 billion new program that was just announced, that gives us a little over $2.3 billion of open to buy. Of course, later in the year, should circumstances warrant, we have the opportunity to go back to the board and ask for additional share repurchase opportunity. Recognize, however, that the later in the year that the share repurchases occur, the corresponding lower impact they will have on a given year's EPS.
Our next question will come from Bill Carcache of Nomura. Your line is open.
Hello. Thank you. Thanks for taking my question, and I'll add my congrats as well, Joe. Some of the U.S. data that we've seen shows a clear consumer preference for PIN over signature. I wonder if you could comment on whether that's in fact what you're seeing as well, and if so, what you attribute that to. If you could just kind of share your thoughts on how strategically you see the role of U.S. debit in the context of your suite of payment products, now that it isn't the growth driver that it once was.
I suppose we're in a bit of an odd position to comment on this, in one sense. Because with regards to PIN, thanks to a regulatory change, a substantial part of our PIN market share was gifted to our competition. It's a little hard for us on the margin to comment on the PIN. However, on the signature debit or what we refer to as Visa Debit, I can tell you that our business has, since the implementation of the rules, I think in prior quarters, we've experienced solid mid-single digit growth. That growth rate is on balance, drifting a little north in the most recent quarter.
Our next question will come from Rod Bourgeois of Bernstein. Your line is open.
Okay, great. In terms of the way growth trends are generally playing out in the month of October, Mastercard today indicated growth improvement outside of the U.S. and generally stability in the U.S. Are you taking somewhat of a more cautious stance on the recent growth trends, or is your view fairly consistent with the way Mastercard characterized it earlier today?
Well, they have an eloquent way of stating things, as you've mentioned before. I wouldn't say we're copying Mastercard. I'd say our growth in the U.S., particularly in the credit business, which is our highest yielding business, is significantly stronger than any of our competition, and it continues to grow. I mentioned that in my remarks earlier. We have strong growth outside of the U.S. as well. Mastercard deals in Europe and we don't. They have quite a bit of strength in Europe. Our Asian and Latin American businesses are growing at very robust rates. We continue to believe that we'll have more than 50% of our revenue coming from outside of the U.S. in a very short period of time. I think that there's tough competition to deal with.
I mean, I don't think there's any question about that, we're doing very well. In the parts of the world in which we do business, we are competitively advantaged, and we intend to maintain that.
Our next question comes from Brian Keane of Deutsche Bank. Your line is open.
Hi. Just looking at the rest of world, it was a little bit slower than we expected. I think you mentioned maybe Asia was, and obviously looking at the numbers, it looked like Asia was a little bit slower. Can you talk about the rest of world? Was that all economy that's causing the deceleration? Is there any contract losses we should know about? Then secondly, on the international revenue growth, it was a little lower than we expected. Byron, maybe you can just help me through that again, because I know cross-border was up 7%, so it's a little bit below cross-border growth. Usually international revenue growth sometimes is above cross-border. Thanks.
Okay. I would say in looking over
The rest of world that there were no contract losses material to speak of. In fact, I can't even think of one. It's much more economic. As we look at kind of the cross-border as well as the domestic spend inside the rest of world countries, both of them put on the brakes a bit. Now recognize, Brian, these are still, for the most part, robust growth rates that we would love to aspire to here in the U.S. In terms of feeling like they're, at least in the fourth quarter, there was a bit of a downshift. I think it's economically driven.
With regards to just, I know four weeks does not a trend make, but October was a bit encouraging as it looked like there was a bit of a bounce back in the month of October as it relates to rest of world cross-border, as well as rest-of-world process transactions, both of which we have real-time visibility to. With regards to international revenue, let's see, we had nominal cross-border growth of 7% and we had international fee growth of five. If I look back over the last three or four quarters, there is always kind of plus or minus two or three percentage points of noise. I don't think there is any particular call-out as I look at the drivers of international fees. I think we're pretty close to the nominal cross-border growth and no real call-outs.
Our next question is from David Hochstim of Buckingham Research. Your line is open.
Yeah, I'd just like to add my congratulations to Joe too. I wondered, can you just maybe provide a little more color on what you're seeing in the way of spending in Asia, in the U.S., any changes in behavior, consumers or corporate customers in terms of the spending mix, less T&E?
There has been a clear increase over the year in credit spending of more affluent people. A lot of what's going on, even in the U.S. economy, is driven by consumer spending, as I'm sure you know as well or better than I do. I think that most of these things have exhibited some sustainability. There are different blips in a few countries around the world and in Asia particular that are associated with specific events. Some of the noise between China and Japan has hurt some of the volume between those two countries in the cross-border volume and the payment volume in particular, and there have been other examples of similar situations. On the bias, though, things are proceeding as well as we expected given the overriding macroeconomic situation, and we're very happy where we wound up in 2012, including the fourth quarter.
We'll have to go from there. As Byron said earlier and as I said, we can't totally avoid what's going on in the global economy. I think that we are certainly positioned to do well next year.
Our next question is from Kenneth Bruce of Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Your line is open.
Thank you. Good evening, I recognize that it's early days. You gave some very encouraging information earlier. I was wondering if you could maybe provide some insight as to what you think it will take to close the gap on the remaining top 10 issuers, and separately, if you think that either 2013 guidance already incorporates some of the pickup in spending on V.me or if you think that's really more of a 2014 and forward event, please.
Well, to answer the last part of the question first, I think it's more of a 2014 event. Going back to the internet, there was $226 billion spent in 2012. People expect that to move to $327 billion by 2016, which I mentioned in my earlier comments. We have an extraordinarily significant share of that volume. It is the fastest-growing category we have without V.me. I think V.me will enable us to increase our share of the transaction. Not only are we going to be dealing in a category that's increasing, and even though that category may be taking some sales away from in-store sales, I think we will get a larger share of those sales than we have in the past.
Anytime you do something like we're doing with V.me, it's a chicken and egg kind of a thing. What comes first? All the merchants or all the customers?
We're running at a pretty rapid rate as it relates to putting both on, and I think we'll have a successful startup this holiday season. I think that by the middle of the year, we will have a much more robust environment, and by a year from now, we'll be poised to take significant advantage of what we've done. As it relates to closing the gap in the top 10, I don't like to speak for my customers before they speak for themselves, but I am looking forward to, and I think you could legitimately look forward to hearing a lot more about new additions in the very near future.
At this point, we have probably time for one more question, operator.
Our final question will be from Craig Maurer of CLSA. Your line is open.
Yeah, thank you and congratulations, Joe. I appreciate your candor, going back to my days following Providian. Couple questions. Are there any unique or specific profit aspirations for V.me other than gaining share in e-commerce? Secondly, decoupled debit. Discover has commented that their fast-growing debit customer now is a decoupled debit customer. It's pretty clear to us that the MCX merchants are going to launch with decoupled debit. My question is, has something changed in decoupled debit since Capital One failed at that attempt years ago that would make you a bit more nervous of that product? Thanks.
I don't think anything that I'm aware of has happened that should precipitate that. Of course, that failed because they couldn't bundle transactions. They had to be able to specifically list each transaction, which they were unable to do. As it relates to MCX, I think they have loftiest aspirations, and they probably have a lot of horsepower to work with. I think we're aware of what we're doing, we're aware of what they're doing, and they're aware of what we're doing, and we're working hard to compete. I don't think that in itself is going to define who Visa is or isn't in the near or the moderate run.
With that, ladies and gentlemen, thank you all for your participation today. If you have any follow-up questions, feel free to call investor relations.
Thank you for your participation on the conference call today. At this time, all parties may disconnect.