Earnings Call: Q4 2019

Jan 30, 2020

Ladies and gentlemen, thank you for standing by. I'm Stuart, your Chorus Call operator. Welcome and thank you for joining the Q4 2019 Analyst Call of Deutsche Bank. Throughout today's recorded presentation, all participants will be in a listen only mode. The presentation will be followed by a question and answer I I would now like to turn the conference over to James Rivett, Head of Investor Relations. Please go ahead. Thank you, Stuart, and good afternoon or good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us. As usual on our call, our CEO, Christian Sewing, will speak first, followed by our Chief Financial Officer, James von Moltke. The presentation, as always, is available for download on the Investor Relations website of our cbd.com website. Before we get started, let me just remind you that the presentation contains forward looking statements, which may not develop as we currently expect. We then therefore ask you to take notice of the precautionary warning at the end of our materials. With that, let me hand over to Christian. Thank you, James, and good afternoon, everyone, and welcome from me. In December, at our investor deep dive, we gave you an update on our strategy to radically transform our bank by 2022. Our performance in the 4th quarter shows 2 things: a, we have seen further good progress and b, that our strategy is working. And we will continue to execute in a disciplined manner. We are in line with or ahead of all our key targets and objectives that were to be achieved in 2019. Since 2018, we have set realistic targets and delivered against them. We remain disciplined on costs. We delivered our 8th quarter in a row of year on year reductions in adjusted costs, excluding transformation charges and bank levies. Our capital ratio increased in the quarter and is at the high end of our international peer group. And next to capital and costs, where we have delivered now for a while, we are also encouraged by the stabilization that we are seeing in our core businesses. Clients support our focus strategy and are actively reengaging with us, a clear sign that our franchise is intact. And this bodes well for our performance in 2020 beyond. Let me go through these themes in detail, starting with our performance against our 2019 objectives on Slide 2. Delivering on our near term objectives sets us up to achieve our long term goals. In 2019, we executed against all our financial objectives. We promised adjusted costs of EUR 21,500,000,000 excluding transformation charges and the impact of the global prime finance transfer to BNP Paribas, and we delivered. Our cost performance was in part driven by the reduction in employees, where we ended the year at under 88,000, down more than 4,000 in the year and in line with our target. Since the end of the Q1 of 2018, we have reduced employees by around 10,000. We committed to keeping our CET1 ratio above 13% at the end of the year, and we delivered. Our CET1 ratio at the end of the 4th quarter was 13.6. We promised a leverage ratio of 4% at year end, and we delivered 4.2%. Outperformance against our group capital ratio targets was principally driven by asset reductions in the capital release unit, where we overachieved against our external targets, thanks to good momentum towards the end of the quarter. Let me now go a little deeper into our 2019 performance on Slide 3. In the core bank, which represents our long term future and strategic vision, we were encouraged by our performance in the face of our transformation and the challenges presented by the environment. Reflecting the improved performance in the Q4, we held core bank revenue flat in 2019 and grew pretax profit by 7%, excluding certain specific revenue and cost items, which James will detail shortly. This is a strong achievement against the magnitude of changes we have gone through in 2019. At a group level, the results were obviously negatively impacted by the capital release unit. But even here, we are executing in line or slightly better than our planning assumptions. So while we still have considerable work to do, we are happy with our performance this year and in the 4th quarter. Let us look in more detail at the core bank revenues on Slide 4. One of our core objectives when we announced our strategy in the summer was to stabilize and then grow revenues. In the second half of twenty nineteen, the first six months of our strategic transformation, we have grown core bank revenues, excluding specific items, slightly compared to the prior year period. We achieved this result despite many headwinds, including an even tougher interest rate environment and a slowing global economy. Looking at the year on year performance by business in the second half of twenty nineteen now. Revenues in the Corporate Bank were flat as we grew loans, principally in Germany, and performed well in Asia to offset the ongoing impact of negative interest rates. And as we said in the investor deep dive, we started to actively reprice deposits in the Q4, which should begin to offset some of the impact of negative interest rates during 2020. We grew revenues in the Investment Bank by 7% in the second half and by 22% in the 4th quarter with a strong recovery in fixed income. The focus and changes we have implemented in the 3rd quarter are paying off. This is our first quarter of year on year growth in the Investment Bank for 11 quarters, with a strong recovery in our fixed income business. Fixed income revenues increased by more than 30% in the quarter, led by our rates business, which doubled and ongoing strength in our credit businesses. Our flow business recovered well, helped by the improvement in our credit spreads. Revenues in the Private Bank were broadly stable. We offset the headwinds from negative interest rates with growth in loan and investment product revenues, repricing and benefits of hiring in Wealth Management in prior periods. Asset Management continued its recovery with revenues up 12% in the second half, reflecting higher performance fees in certain core funds. Now let me turn to the progress we have made on costs on Slide 5. Excluding transformation charges, which James will detail shortly, adjusted costs were EUR 5,100,000,000 in the 4th quarter and EUR 21,500,000,000 for the full year, also excluding the costs associated with the Prime Finance platform. The full year performance was in line with our communicated targets. We made reductions in every major category while continuing to improve our technology and controls. Cost management will be a significant focus under the leadership of Fabrizio Campelli, our Chief Transformation Officer. Let's now turn to capital on Slide 6. Our commitment was and is to manage our transformation with our existing capital resources. In this respect, we feel even more confident after the Q4. We ended the year with a core Tier 1 ratio of 13.6%, comfortably meeting our prior guidance. As in the Q3, we offset the negative impact of transformation effects with the positive impact of risk weighted assets reduction. As a result, we have increased our Core Tier 1 ratio in the second half of twenty nineteen. Our year end Core Tier 1 ratio was around 200 basis points above our Pillar 2 requirement. And as you may remember, our requirement was reduced by 25 basis points by the ECB with effect from January 1, 2020. Outperformance on the core Tier 1 ratio largely reflects stronger than anticipated risk weighted assets reductions in the capital release unit. Since its creation at the start of the Q3 of 2019, we have reduced risk weighted assets in the CAU by around 30% to EUR 46,000,000,000 at year end. Looking forward, we reaffirm our commitment to keep our core Tier 1 ratio above 12.5% at all times. Given our performance on capital in 2019, we believe we are in an even stronger position to execute against our capital plan we announced in July 2019, and we have created some room to allocate additional capital to growing our core businesses. More broadly, we have been managing our balance sheet conservatively and intend to keep doing so as you can see on Slide 7. We are focused on maintaining strong credit quality. Provision for credit losses was 17 basis points of loans in 2019, in line with our guidance and at low levels, both historically and relative to our peers. This reflects again our conservative underwriting standards, our strong risk management and our low risk portfolios. Our loan to deposit ratio was 76% at year end, and that reflects a strong and stable funding base supporting our high quality and growing loan portfolio. Our liquidity position also remains strong. Our liquidity coverage ratio of 141 percent gives us a surplus of €55,000,000,000 over required levels. Looking forward, our solid performance in 2019 should provide a good base for future growth. Our achievements last year also begin to highlight the underlying strengths of our franchises and the benefits of our strategic decisions. Slide 8 shows some example of the underlying momentum that we can see building. The Corporate Bank operates in a highly attractive market with good returns and stable underlying growth. In 2019, we grew corporate cash transactions by 9% and loans by 5%. In the Investment Bank, as we said in our investor deep dive in December, the actions that we have taken to restructure our operations are bearing fruit and faster than we expected. We see clear signs of higher client engagement around our more focused business model. In addition, the negative halo effect of our business exits on our core client relationships and adjacent product areas has been less than we anticipated. We are also encouraged by the performance in the Investment Bank at the start of the year and are focused on further stabilizing revenues. In the Private Bank, we are focused on offsetting the pressure from negative interest rates as well as executing on the integration of Postbank and Deutsche Bank retail operations. On both measures, we are off to a solid start. We grew our loan book by €9,000,000,000 across the German and the international franchise and in our Wealth Management business. And in line with our commitments, we generated €200,000,000 of cost synergies from the integration. In Asset Management, we are building on the momentum that we have generated with our 4th consecutive quarter of net inflows in 2019. Let me summarize on Slide 9. For this management team, our priority is simple. It's all about execution. In 2019, we have delivered on all our targets. For 2020 beyond, we aim to continuously deliver quarter by quarter on the strategic objectives and financial targets we have communicated to you. On revenues, the momentum across the core bank is building. The recent improvement we have seen in our CDS spreads, both in absolute terms and relative to our peers, is very encouraging and supports the business significantly. Lower CDS and bond spreads make us more attractive for counterparties, while also lowering our funding costs, which helps improve our profitability. We continue to progress on our regulatory remediation agenda. Some of this progress was visible to you in 2019, most notably our performance in the U. S. Federal Reserve CCAR exam, the Financial Stability Board's reduction in our GSiP classification and the ECB decision to reduce our Pillar 2 capital requirement. We are determined to maintain our progress with regulators in coming periods. We are confident of sustaining our momentum on cost reduction in 2020 and reaching our €19,500,000,000 target for adjusted costs, excluding transformation charges and the costs associated with the Prime Finance platform. That puts us on a path to deliver on our EUR 17,000,000,000 target in 2022. On capital, we look ahead with increasing confidence given our solid Core Tier 1 ratio in the Q4 of 2019. Overall, we are aware of the uncertainties in the external environment, and these are incorporated into our financial plans and the targets that we have laid out in December. Since then, there are even signs that our macroeconomic assumptions may be on the conservative side. Put simply, at this stage, we can say that our transformation has started very well. We are on track against all our objectives and are increasingly positive in the outlook. And with 70% of the expected total transformation effects now behind us, we are satisfied with what our teams have accomplished in this short time frame. With that, let me hand over to James. Thank you, Christian. Let me start with a summary of our financial performance on Slide 10. Our results in both the quarter and the year were impacted by our actions to execute on our transformation, which I will detail shortly. In the Q4, revenues adjusted for specific items shown on Slide 30 declined by 1%, reflecting the wind down of non core businesses in the capital release unit. Non interest expenses of €6,400,000,000 included approximately €1,300,000,000 of restructuring and severance, litigation and transformation charges. Our net loss in the 4th quarter was a little under €1,500,000,000 including approximately €400,000,000 of transformation related deferred tax asset valuation adjustments. Tangible book value per share was €23.41 a 4% decline from the 3rd quarter, mainly reflecting the net loss in the period. For the full year, we generated a pretax loss of €2,600,000,000 including €1,100,000,000 of transformation related charges, €1,000,000,000 of goodwill impairment as well as €805,000,000 in restructuring and severance and €473,000,000 of litigation charges. Provision for credit losses was €723,000,000 in line with our expectations and at 17 basis points of loans remained relatively low. Our net loss of €5,300,000,000 included €2,800,000,000 of transformation related deferred tax asset valuation adjustments, also in line with our expectations. To execute quickly on our strategic transformation, we took substantial costs in 2019 as you can see on Slide 11. Results in the 4th quarter included around €1,100,000,000 of pretax transformation effects. These items included €608,000,000 of transformation related charges included in our definition of adjusted costs. These charges principally relate to impairments and accelerated amortization of software intangibles and real estate charges. Results in the Q4 also included a further €400,000,000 deferred tax asset valuation adjustment. For 2019 as a whole, we've taken around 70% of our total planned transformation effects. For 2020 2021, we expect a lesser but still significant burden on our results. This year, we currently affect a further €1,000,000,000 of pretax charges, including €400,000,000 of accelerated software amortization, which is not relevant for capital purposes. We also currently expect a further €400,000,000 of deferred tax asset valuation adjustments. Progress we have made to date gives us confidence that we can successfully manage our capital position through the transformation. Let me now turn to the results for the core bank in the quarter on Slide 12. The Core Bank grew revenues by 5% on a reported basis and by 8% excluding specific items. Operating leverage was positive in the quarter as we reduced adjusted costs, excluding transformation charges, by 2%. Risk weighted assets were flat as the reduction in operational risk RWA was offset by increases in regulatory inflation and business growth in the Private Bank. Leverage exposure increased as we grew business volumes, including 8% loan growth. Let's now look in more detail at costs on Slide 13. In the Q4, we reduced adjusted costs by around €380,000,000 or 7% year on year, excluding the impact of foreign exchange translation and the transformation charges I described earlier. Adjusted costs included €102,000,000 of expenses incurred in the 4th quarter associated with the Prime Finance platform being transferred to BNP Paribas, which are reimbursable from December 2019 onwards. For the full year, adjusted costs also declined by 7% to €21,600,000,000 or €21,500,000,000 excluding the prime finance costs in the 4th quarter. In both the Q4 and the full year, we made progress in all major cost categories. We reduced compensation and benefits expenses, reflecting the reductions in internal workforce. Professional service fees declined as we further improved the efficiency of our external spend. Other costs declined, reflecting reductions across a number of areas, including occupancy. Consistent with our commitments, we kept our IT costs broadly stable and within our target range as we continue our investment program. Let me now move to discuss our capital ratios on Slide 14. We increased our CET1 ratio by 24 basis points in the quarter to 13.6 as we more than offset the transformation effects with derisking in the capital release unit. Reductions in risk weighted assets generated 73 basis points of capital on an exchange rate neutral basis, including approximately 41 basis points from the CRU and approximately 20 basis points from lower market risk in our core bank. The asset reductions were partly offset by the 47 basis point reduction in the capital ratio from the net loss. For 2020, we reaffirm our target to manage our common equity Tier 1 ratio to be at least 12.5% at all times. On a pro form a basis, our CET1 ratio at 1st January 2020 is 13.3% when considering the impact of the new securitization framework we've discussed with you in previous calls. This gives us capacity to absorb further This gives us capacity to absorb further anticipated regulatory headwinds as well as targeted business growth. We increased our fully loaded leverage ratio by 25 basis points in the quarter to 4.2%, slightly ahead of our 4% guidance. On an exchange rate neutral basis, we reduced leverage exposure by €110,000,000,000 including a EUR 49,000,000,000 reduction in the capital lease unit. We also reduced our cash balances by around EUR 29,000,000,000 as part of our ongoing liquidity optimization program combined with a seasonal reduction in Investment Bank balances. We reaffirm our leverage ratio target of 4.5% this year, excluding the Prime Finance platform to be transferred, rising to around 5% for 2022. Turning now to our businesses, starting with the Corporate Bank on Slide 16. Excluding specific revenue items and approximately €800,000,000 of goodwill impairments, transformation charges and restructuring and severance, which are detailed by business on Slide 29 of the appendix, the Corporate Bank generated a pretax profit of €939,000,000 in 2019 with a post tax return on tangible equity of 7%. On an underlying basis, the performance in the Corporate Bank was consistent with our financial objectives. However, the performance in the Q4 and full year was impacted by our strategic transformation, lower levels of episodic items and changes to cost allocations in addition to the challenging interest rate environment. In the 4th quarter, revenues declined by 5% year on year, principally driven by lower episodic items. Excluding these items, like credit recoveries and certain smaller one off gains, which we've discussed with you in previous calls, Corporate Bank revenues were broadly flat as we grew volumes and fee income to offset the impact of lower net interest income, principally in cash management. For the full year 2, revenues were broadly flat. Excluding specific items and episodic effects, revenues increased slightly as we grew volumes to offset the negative impact from interest rates. The benefits of repricing, which we began to roll out more widely late in Q4 of 2019 as well as the full benefits of tiering should help support our revenue performance over the coming quarters. We feel comfortable that the Corporate Bank can, as we indicated in December, on average, grow revenues at 4% over the next 3 years. This reflects the progress we're making on our growth initiatives, for example, in Asia, together with the pre pricing measures I just mentioned. That said, for 2020, our plans assume growth closer to the levels seen last year, principally reflecting lower levels of episodic items. Adjusted costs, excluding transformation charges, increased materially in both the Q4 and the full year. The increase reflects higher spending on technology and controls as well as the change in internal service cost allocations following our recalibration last year. These effects are in line with the guidance we provided in the 3rd quarter results. We believe that the run rate of these higher costs is largely reflected in our reporting and will be fully reflected after the Q1 of 2020. We should start to see the benefit of ongoing cost reductions being reflected in both sequential and year on year comparisons in the second half of twenty twenty. We expect the Corporate Bank to generate positive operating leverage in this year and beyond. Provisions for credit losses were €104,000,000 in the 4th quarter and €286,000,000 or 2.25 basis points for the year. The 4th quarter was impacted by a few idiosyncratic events, the majority of which were outside Germany with Stage 1 and Stage 2 provisions remaining at low levels. Turning to the Corporate Bank revenue performance by business on Slide 17. Global Transaction Banking revenues declined by 6%, mainly reflecting lower episodic items. Within Global Transaction Banking, cash management revenues declined, reflecting the impact of the negative interest rate environment with very limited benefits of tiering or repricing in the period. Trade Finance revenues were essentially flat in the quarter but up 6% for the full year as lending and trade flows grew strongly in Asia and Germany. Securities Services revenues declined reflecting our exit from equities trading and lower episodic items. Commercial Banking revenues declined 2% on a reported up by 4%. Turning now to the Investment Bank on Slide 18. As Christian mentioned, we're happy with the momentum that we see building in the Investment Bank. In the 4th quarter, revenues increased by 22%, excluding specific items. For the year, revenues declined by 3%, excluding specific items, with fixed income sales and trading essentially flat and lower revenues in origination and advisory. Adjusted costs, excluding transformation charges, declined in both the quarter and the full year. The reductions were driven by lower compensation and benefits expenses given the reduction in workforce, lower service cost allocations as well as continued disciplined management of non compensation costs. Excluding specific revenue items and approximately €430,000,000 of In with a post tax return on tangible equity of 2%. Consistent with our strategy to invest in our core franchises, we grew loans by 16% in 2019. Revenues in fixed income sales and trading were €1,200,000,000 in the 4th quarter, a 31% year on year increase on a reported basis or 34%, excluding specific items as shown on Slide 19. Credit trading saw strong year on year revenue improvements, reflecting better performance in flow credit across all regions and particularly Europe, while distressed debt revenues were also higher. Credit trading also benefited from disciplined risk management, target investments in prior periods and increased client activity. In rates, revenues almost doubled from the prior year period with improved performance across all regions, most notably in Europe. Foreign exchange revenues were broadly flat despite lower market volatility. In Emerging Markets, our structured businesses continued to perform well with a significantly improved performance in flow trading compared to the prior year. Origination and advisory revenues declined by 12% year on year relative to a strong prior year period. Advisory revenues were significantly lower following a strong third quarter where we saw several transactions booked earlier than anticipated. Revenues in debt origination increased by 27%, outperforming a growing market with market share gains in both investment grade and high yield. In equity origination, we continue to win mandates with our activity level in the 4th quarter similar to 3rd quarter levels and consistent with our expectations that we announced with our strategy last July. Let's now turn to the Private Bank on Slide 20. The Private Bank continued to execute on its strategic priorities in the Q4 and full year with revenues excluding specific items broadly stable and reductions in adjusted costs excluding transformation charges. Excluding specific revenue items euros 900,000,000 of restructuring and severance, goodwill and transformation charges, the Private Bank generated a pretax profit of €524,000,000 in 2019 with a 3% post tax return on tangible equity. Revenues in the Q4 and the full year were impacted by the negative interest rate headwinds, partly offset by growth in loans and assets under management and the benefits of repricing efforts. Excluding transformation charges, we reduced adjusted costs by 5% in the quarter and 4% in the full year, including the €200,000,000 in German merger cost synergies we had previously indicated. Provision for credit losses was broadly stable in the full year and at 15 basis points of loans reflects the conservative nature of our portfolios and strong underwriting standards. Revenues in the Private Bank declined by 4% on a reported basis or 2%, excluding specific items, as you can see on Slide 21. We grew revenues in our international operations and Wealth Management to broadly offset lower revenues in Germany. Revenues in Germany declined by 7%, primarily reflecting higher funding and liquidity related costs as well as lower contributions from asset sale transactions. We're working on a series of loan and asset under management growth and repricing measures in our home market to help mitigate the interest rate headwinds. In our international business, we grew revenues by 3% as growth in loan and investment products combined with repricing measures, more than offset the interest rate headwinds. Wealth Management grew revenues by 11%, excluding the impact of Sal Oppenheim workout activities. This reflects our relationship manager hiring programs in prior periods as well as strong market conditions. Let me now turn to Asset Management on Slide 22. As you will have seen in their results published this morning, DWS continued its strong performance. To remind you, asset management includes certain items that are not part of the standalone DWS Financials. Excluding restructuring and severance and transformation charges, Asset Management pretax profit of €539,000,000 increased by 31% year on year despite higher non controlling interests following the IPO in the Q1 of 2018. Asset Management enjoyed its best revenue quarter since the Q2 of 2017 with revenues also growing 31% year on year in the 4th quarter and by 7% in the full year. Assets under management were €768,000,000,000 at quarter end, up by €103,000,000,000 or 16% during the year. The growth in AUM was driven both by market performance and 4 consecutive quarters of net inflows. Our flagship products delivered significant outperformance, while the number of 4 and 5 star rated funds further increased. Noninterest expenses in the 4th quarter increased, reflecting higher compensation and benefits expenses. For the full year, noninterest expenses were broadly stable given management's ongoing efforts to control expenses. As a result of the strong revenue performance and cost discipline, Asset Management generated significant positive operating leverage with a 6 percentage point improvement in the full year costincome ratio to 73% on a segment basis. The DWS adjusted costincome ratio was 68% for 2019. The strong performance in asset management revenues in the 4th quarter was principally driven by significantly higher performance fees, as you can see on Slide 23. Performance and transaction fees were €104,000,000 in the 4th quarter, up from €23,000,000 in the prior year period, driven primarily by performance fees in our flagship multi asset products in Germany. Consistent with the guidance that DWS management gave this morning, we would expect for performance and transaction fees to normalize in 2020 compared to the elevated levels recorded last year. Management fees grew by 6% year on year, reflecting the strong market conditions and consecutive quarters of net inflows, which more than offset the impact of margin compression. Net inflows were €12,000,000,000 in the quarter and €25,000,000,000 in the full year, mainly in our targeted growth areas of passive, alternatives and multi asset. Other revenues were €15,000,000 positive versus a negative €30,000,000 in the prior year quarter, partly reflecting a positive change in the fair value of guarantees. With that, let me turn to Corporate and Other on Slide 24. Corporate and Other reported a pretax loss of €1,000,000 4,000,000 in the quarter compared with a pretax loss of €109,000,000 in the same period last year. The improved year on year performance reflected higher revenues from valuation and timing differences, mainly due to interest rates and rate effects, offset by higher litigation costs. Funding and liquidity charges increased, reflecting certain funding costs held centrally as part of our new funds transfer pricing framework I've described on previous occasions. As we noted in July, these costs should be around €200,000,000 per year in 2020 and should materially amortize over a 5 year period. Let me now discuss the capital release unit on Slide 25. The capital release unit continued to execute on its deleveraging plan in the Q4 as we move towards a smaller and simpler balance sheet. As Christian detailed earlier, we reduced risk weighted assets and leverage exposure in the CRU slightly faster than our internal projections, while the net income drag was less than we planned. Revenues in the 4th quarter were negative €164,000,000 excluding DVA, within the range we provided at the investor deep dive. Revenues were impacted by mark to market effects as well as hedging and derisking costs. Non interest expenses of €691,000,000 declined by €75,000,000 from the 3rd quarter, principally driven by lower compensation and benefit costs given the front office headcount reductions. We reduced risk weighted assets by €10,000,000,000 in the quarter, including €3,000,000,000 of operational risk. Leverage exposure declined by €50,000,000,000 in the quarter, mainly driven by reductions in equities. Before I close, a few words on our 2020 financial targets on Slide 26. The progress we have made already gives us a clear line of sight on what we can achieve in 2020. For this year, we have 3 key targets. 1st, as described, to build on the momentum we have generated over the past 2 years and deliver on our 2020 adjusted cost target of €19,500,000,000 excluding transformation charges and the impact of the Prime Finance transfer. 2nd, to maintain our CET1 ratio above 12.5% as we manage the remaining part of our transformation, a target we are confident of hitting given our stronger starting point. And 3rd, to raise our fully loaded leverage ratio to 4.5%, excluding the balances we hold for BNP Paribas and Prime Finance, principally reflecting the further deleveraging by the capital release unit. Consistent with our previous guidance, we expect provisions for credit losses to increase to around 20 basis points of loans in 2020, reflecting a continued normalization of credit and lower recoveries. Finally, as we've discussed with you before, we have continued to work on plans to merge our German retail subsidiary, PFK, into our parent company, DBAG. We are increasingly confident of the feasibility and viability of this decision and have begun the discussions with all the relevant stakeholders. This merger should generate significant adjusted cost savings and avoid potential funding cost increases associated with the implementation of NSFR. Although there are remaining uncertainties regarding the financial impact of this transaction, a conservative estimate of the potential impact is built into our capital plan as discussed in December. The pretax implementation costs are fully reflected in our planning. The tax impact, if any, could be incremental to the €400,000,000 of deferred tax asset valuation adjustments we already anticipate and I described earlier. Looking further ahead, the progress towards our short term financial objectives gives us confidence in our ability to deliver on our 2022 targets, including a post tax return on tangible equity of 8%. With that, let me hand back to James, and we look forward to your questions. Stuart, let's now open the lines for questions. Okay. First question is from the line of Andy Stimpson of Bank of America. Please go ahead. First question on capital. A decent sized beat on capital today? But James, I think you said on a media call that you're still thinking that would trough at about 12.7%. I'm just wondering what the moving parts are from here and whether there was a bit more seasonality in risk weighted assets this quarter that you'd expect to come back in the Q1 or why or if there's more inflation or why not think that you could be above that 12.7 percent trough level during 2020? And then secondly, please, on the Corporate Bank, revenues and costs were both a little weaker. Just wondered if you could talk around, a, on revenues, the pressure on margins and how you think that will develop. I think you said you expected flat revenues in 2020. I'm not sure if I heard that correctly, if you could just clarify that. And then be on costs, the greater tech spend there presumably on things like compliance and AML is a factor in there. Just how progressed those projects are and whether there's an investment phase that we should expect to reduce at some stage during 'twenty or maybe it's even after that, please? Sure, Andy. Thanks for the questions. I'll take both, but I'm sure Christmann will want to add to the Corporate Bank discussion. So first of all, I mean, I guess what I'd say is, at this point, we don't want to move that guidance up, but I'd say it's a conservative position that we're taking here. To give you a sense of the moving parts, as you asked about, 13.6% is what we report for December 31. We talk about the inflation. So I mentioned the securitization framework. If you go back to the December presentation, the reg inflation in all of 2020, we would look at it as being about 60 basis points. So if you pro form a that, we have 13 basis points as a kind of foundational position. Everything else that happens this year, whether it's deleveraging in the capital release unit, some degree of losses from restructurings, earnings in the core bank and investments in balance sheet growth in the core bank, all of that nets out against that 13%. How big a buffer we carry against the 12.5% minimum, we're going to have to see based on both the timing of all of these events as well as, frankly, the market opportunities for the businesses to grow balance sheet to support client activity. So with all of those things baked into the pie, as you may have heard me say on the media call, we think there's clearly a larger margin for error and potentially some ability to grow balance sheet beyond what had been originally foreseen in the plan. But I think I'd like to be conservative at this point in thinking about where we trough, given all the moving parts and also the timing that I mentioned. So I hope that's helpful as to why we're not moving guidance today, but we're obviously very cognizant that the market is looking for us to maintain a healthy buffer to the 12.5%. On the Corporate Bank, again, Christian will want to add. But as he mentioned, there are a lot of moving parts in that revenue line. I think the starting point is 3 of the 4 major business is on a full year, 4 of 5 major businesses grew revenues. So cash management, trust and agency, trade finance, corporate bank, so commercial bank are all growing, and there was a bit of a decline in Security Services for a number of reasons, including our own perimeter. But competing with that growth is, of course, the interest rate environment, some of the episodic items that we mentioned, a little bit of FTP charges coming through to that business. And so that sort of nets out to the numbers that we're reporting. We do think the underlying trends, remember, in the 3rd quarter, we reported 6% year on year growth, and we said the underlying trend was in the low single digits. In the 4th quarter, that reversed, largely driven by the episodic items. But we would argue that the underlying trends are just as they were in the 3rd quarter, with a little bit more transient pressure on interest rates given Central Bank actions in the second half that, of course, we'll now work to offset given repricing, tiering and all the other items that we also described to you. With that, Christian, I'm sure we'll want to add strategically. Well, there's not a lot to add because I think you named it on the corporate side. Underlying, we are happy with the progress we are doing, Andy. I think on the IDD, in December, was talking about the deposit charging, the growth in Asia, the increased payment fees, the growth in the TAS business and all that, only to name a few, is supporting the underlying 4% growth. James was referring to the episodic items, which we plan a little bit more conservative for 2020. But the underlying engagement, the client feedback and that what we can see in terms of mandate clearly supports that what we told you on the Investor Day. Also these items which I just mentioned, deposit change charging, growth in Asia, the increased payment fees, each of those is estimated to provide approximately EUR 100,000,000 over the next 3 years. And hence, we will start seeing that in 2020, and it makes us comfortable that we achieve our goals. On the capital side, I have nothing to add. James all laid it out exactly to the point. Andy, I'm reminded, sorry for the long answer, but you asked about the investment cycle in Corporate Bank. And I think this is also an important area to describe to you. Look, 1st of all, as you remember, there was a restatement exercise we went through last year. There have been changes in funds transfer pricing and internal cost allocation. So a lot of moving parts inside our segments, and in some ways, none more so than the Corporate Bank. We think we are at or very close to, if you like, a finalization, a final basis for our external reporting of that segment, which now gives us a clear basis for future reporting and performance. In other words, comparisons would not be influenced by these items. That said, as you point out, there have been investments. So the technology and particularly KYC cost increases are real and pertain to that business. I would say we seek to continue investing in IT in that business. It's a critical element of our competitive position. And frankly, it's the largest beneficiary, if you like, of a reallocation of our tech budget away from equities as we wind down that business. And KYC remains critical, although in that area, one would hope that in the not too distant future, we sort of crest the wave in terms of our investment and begin to deliver efficiencies based on the accumulative investment of the past several years. That's very helpful. Thank you very much. Next question is from Daniel Brubacher from UBS. Please go ahead. Yes, good afternoon and thank you. First question is just on the rate headwinds. And on the media call, again, you mentioned those, and I think you quantified them at around €230,000,000 in the private bank. So I was wondering whether you could give us similar numbers for other units and how you think about that going into 2020, what more is to come here. And probably in this context as well, how you think about then how much of that can be compensated by volumes and margins? It feels like your working assumption seems to be that this should be largely compensated by volumes, but if you could just confirm that. And then you mentioned a few times the FTP model and that impact also the divisional or I think you mentioned in the context of corporate bank. I know you described it in the past, but could you be a little bit more specific and give us some numbers around what that really means? Is there still a transition period? Do we have to take that into account when we model future revenues for the divisions? And just very lastly, also on the media call, you stressed the importance of the U. S. Market for Deutsche. I think that's well understood. Could you just give us some examples submarkets where you feel you're gaining or regaining market share? That would be very useful. Thank you. Tanja, potentially, I take the first one, and the FTP is then done by James. And the last one, we can do together. We simply gave the one number for the private bank because, obviously, this is most dependent and sensitive to the interest rate, in particular to the decision which we saw in September last year. And yes, we are planning to compensate that in full going forward also in that business. How? We said that in the private bank, but also in the corporate bank, we are consistently growing loans. By the way, with not increasing our risk appetite. So within the risk framework we have, for instance, we drove an initiative in the German mortgage business last year in the private bank, which went very well. We are very active, as Mansrete Knopf said, on the IDD in December in swapping deposits into investment funds. And actually, we are making good progress on that. Also in January, that looks quite favorable, what the private bank is doing. And as for the Corporate Bank, as I just lined out, there are other initiatives, not only the active repricing where we have very constructive discussions with our clients and where we think we will see the first positive impacts from the repricing in 2020. But also there, we have the underlying growth in the other business segments being the growth in Asia and trade finance and so on. So overall, while obviously this interest rate environment is hurting, We have reacted appropriately and think we can compensate that. For the FDP, James, potentially you? Sure. And we've talked about this a little bit, the work that Dixit and the Treasury team have been doing together with the business to revamp our funds transfer pricing framework. What we're doing is essentially aligning it with the liquidity, the liquidity buffers, the unsecured spread, the capital charges that the businesses bring to the balance sheet, if you like, benefits and burdens of balance sheet usage in a way that aligns that charging more closely with clear drivers and, frankly, the regulatory environment that we operate in. So that's the principle behind it. We think it gives the businesses much better, more precise and also more controllable drivers and also funding costs numbers that they can then build into the 3rd party pricing. We will provide some disclosure of the impacts of these businesses as we get to the annual report, so that you can trace it through. The number in Corporate Bank year on year is probably in and around $20,000,000 There are frankly other Treasury effects as well that go in and out. So it's one of a number of factors. But to your point, we will and we have, at this point, gotten on to a steady state of FTP in the 1st and second quarters of next year. There'll be still be some small variances driven by it. Your market share question has to do with the United States and NIB. I'll leave that to Christian and maybe add some. Yes. I think the first answer to that is what we have done globally, Daniel, also refers to the U. S. We believe that with the focus of the business on that where we are relevant and where we have a leading market position, we can also grow our business in the U. S, exactly that we have done there. But just give you some examples like in the high yield issuance, but also in the investment grade issuance. But in particular, in areas where we have been strong and will be strong like commercial real estate, we clearly have performed well in 2019, and we have seen increasing revenues. Again, with the risk appetite we have in place, with the risk management, we are confident that we can stay the course. You have heard a little bit from James that, obviously, we are starting from a better position from a capital point of view that also allow us here and there, of course, in a selective way to also allocate a bit more capital to the one or the other business where we are strong and we are making use of it. But I think the focus which we have applied for the investment bank but also corporate bank globally is also applying to the U. S. And there we see the growth in there in those areas where we are leading. Thank you. Next question is from Andrew Lim from Societe Generale. Please go ahead. I just wanted a bit more clarity on that capital guidance that you gave. I think last year, you said that you would have AQR and TRIM impacts amounting to about 40 basis points. You didn't talk about it here. Are you saying then that this falls into 2020 and is within that 60 basis points impact that brings you down to around 13 percent? And then just on the Corporate Bank, if you can clarify on that tax spend. So your overall costs have jumped up for the Q4. I think you said that, that was going to be the run rate going forward and that we should wait till the second half of this year before we can start to see that maybe come down a little bit. Perhaps if you could give a bit more color there. Thank you. So let me jump in on the CET1 guidance. Yes, the regulatory impacts, barring 1 smaller item, were recognized in 2019. So we go into 2020 really almost 100% in line with the guidance we gave you in December. Again, that small item was one small item that moved from Q4 to Q1. But by and large, you should focus on that $15,000,000,000 number that we gave you for reg inflation on the RWA line for 2020? Yes. On the costs on the Corporate Bank, we have seen higher adjusted costs mainly from higher technology costs and control costs, also changes in the way we have charged the internal services to the businesses. Of course, with the efficiencies which we have in mind and in plan for the group, that over time will also positively affect the corporate group. So again, we are absolutely in line with our plan. The adjusted return on equity for the corporate group was around 7%. We gave you the target for 2022. That is driven by growth, which we outlined, but also by taking certain efficiencies, which are also beneficial to the corporate bank over time. That's great. Thank you very much. Next question I have 2 questions, please. The first one is on Page 2, when you lay out the achievements for this year. And I don't want to take away from these achievements because I agree with you. I think that they are substantial. But obviously, there's one category missing here, which is the profitability or the profitability target. And I wanted to ask you the profitability question in the following way. For the full year and for the quarter, what was the underlying return on tangible equity for the bank as a whole? And I guess by underlying, I would just also like to ask a sub question as to what your preferred definition of that would be. And my second question would be on the performance of the investment bank. And again, I think it's healthy to see that the revenues are up year on year and particularly in FICC that you're up a third or 33% year on year in the quarter. But again, it was a very good quarter for FICC. Some of your global competitors well, your global competitors on average are up 64% in FICC year on year, which suggests that the market share loss continues. And I just wonder to what extent do you feel you have stemmed that market share attrition? And the final sub question, I guess, that's now number 3. I said it's going to be 2, I'm sorry. But the final sub question on the investment banking is revenues are up, but returns as I understand it or as you presented are down to 1%. How do you think about that as well? Thank you very much. Let me potentially start with my view on the Investment Bank. And then for the return questions, I hand over to James. First of all, Jonny, if you have been 3 years down revenue wise year over year, it is very reassuring that also in the Investment Bank with the focus which we have decided in July, we see the turnaround. And to be very honest, we have seen that momentum and that turnaround now consistently since September. We did the necessary changes for certain business within the Investment Bank in July August. And from September on, we see quite a good momentum. Now are we already there from a profitability point of view and also from a growth rate point of view, where potentially all our peers are? No, because we always said that this is a long term transformation. We need to focus. We need to adjust. We need to also invest into the simplification of our FICC business, which we are doing. And hence, I do believe that also in particular from a profitability point of view and from a further growth point of view, that will be a gradual improvement. However, the most important is the client engagement. And the client engagement is clearly up. And that obviously is supported by our CDS prices, but that is also supported simply by the focus and clarity we have now, what we serve in the investment bank and whatnot. So last but not least, from a market share point of view, now let's wait, I think, for all the institutions coming out with their numbers for the Q4, including all Europeans. Secondly, I would also say in the FICC business, let's not only do year on year, but quarter over quarter. But in because in particular, I think in the FICC business quarter over quarter, we are not looking too bad. And hence, I think we should take a little bit more time to justify or to judge on our market shares. James? Sure. Jernay, on profitability, obviously, we are acutely aware of a sizable loss this year, net income loss, and hence, the focus that we put on the transformation effects to help you understand the what the underlying performance looks like. Now of course, we want to limit the time we speak about underlying performance. But if you to answer your question, I think the core bank numbers, excluding transformation charges, is probably the best number to look at. So that number pretax is about $2,800,000,000 against $42,500,000,000 of allocated equity. If you tax effect it, it gives you an ROTCE somewhere in the 4% to 5% range. And it's that number we have to drive up, as we talked about, to 9% as being our goal in 2022. The way we've presented the transformation charges is intended and also, by the way, the BNP Paribas transaction, which includes leverage and expenses, is intended to give you a sense of all the things that then fall away by 2022, making 2022 pretty much a clean year barring small restructuring expense and obviously the net loss, if you like, or the loss mostly from expenses that remains in CRU that we want to lift from that point. So I think that gives you probably the best answer and also why it is that we've done our presentation and restatement the way we have for the all of which you can find in the FDS on Page 10 is the core bank representation. Next question is from Adam Terelek from Mediobanca. Please go ahead. Good afternoon. First, I've got a question on capital outlook and then a follow-up on the Investment Bank balance sheet. On the capital outlook, can you just confirm that your year end CRU balance sheet targets still hold for 2020? And then one of the moving pieces, I think, we haven't got much color on is operational risk. You clearly come in ahead again this quarter. Could you give us some guidance on where that might go as it remains pretty material for the walk this year? And if it does come down further, does that change the EUR 25,000,000,000 guidance you have for Basel IV in 2024, which I understand has a reduction of op risk embedded into it? And just a technical point, is there an AT1 accrual in CET1 capital at year end? And then moving on to Investment Bank, you flagged lower leverage ratio denominator from liquidity management. I want to understand how much funding benefit has come through into the Q4 print as a result and how much more you can do on liquidity because I've also noticed that the LCR is actually up Q on Q despite this. Is this something in the denominator we need to worry about that might rebound into the Q1? Thank you. So lots of questions and questions that warm a former treasurer's heart. So Capital Release Unit, we are sticking to the targets that we laid out. We think we've given ourselves a helpful hand in terms of where we got to at the end of the last year. It gives us a little bit more flexibility in terms of timing and the manner of disposal of assets, which is encouraging. On the op risk RWA, as you say, we have, I think, been very successful in bringing forward effects that we described to you in July as potential outcomes. And with the hard work, particularly of our risk colleagues, we were able to exceed our own expectations as to how much and how soon we were able to achieve methodology and model related benefits in RWA. At this point, I would probably guide to flat from here. So we're not expecting additional significant moves there. But we do expect, and have built into our forward capital planning, some additional benefit, as you point out, with the impact of B4 or overall Basel IV glide path. On the leverage ratio, we've been talking to you and also to our fixed income investors for some time on work we've been doing to improve the efficiency of our balance sheet. The leverage ratio did benefit, as you point out, seasonally from lower cash. We think that, by and large, is sustainable and also seasonally from pending settlements, which as you know, do go up again as activity increases. So the leverage ratio, I wouldn't expect to stick in the Q1 necessarily, perhaps dip and then go back over the course of the year to our year end target. I don't see anything, frankly, unusual in the LCR. We have been working to bring it down, frankly, as we drive efficiency in the balance sheet. But what you're seeing is significant declines in the outflow component of the LCR ratio, essentially offsetting declines in the HQLA and net inflows. So we've been seeing essentially efficiency offset the reduction in cash and liquidity reserves, which is good for the company and our earnings profile. In other words, improving earnings efficiency without sacrificing the stress liquidity value that we see on our balance sheet. The AT1 coupon is paid, is accrued when paid. So that's a 2020 event. So is that the goal? It's a catch up. Exactly. Built into your yes, as you've seen in prior years, 1st and second quarters are burdened with some catch up there. But that's all, of course, built into our capital Great. Thank you. Next question is from Kian Abouhossein from JPMorgan. Please go ahead. Two more details once and one just more general. First of all, the EUR 100,000,000 plus in tiering of deposits benefits, the net number of EUR 100,000,000 plus, can you talk about how much you have achieved at this point? And actually, where you book it in what division in the Q4? And then secondly, the BNP transaction, you mentioned the associated benefit on the revenue side that you booked. And you talked about part of it being booked. I'm wondering how much more there is to come and in what quarter and should we assume there's more to come in the 2020 year in the Q1? And where do you actually book that reimbursement? And then third one is just on fixed income. I mean, the environment, from what I can see, is very strong in credit. The breakdown you gave at the Investor Day illustrates your very heavily credit yield now in fixed income. And clearly, you indicated the year has started well. But can you be a little bit more specific around your thoughts around your fixed income business, considering your material gearing to the best part of performance year to date, how you're seeing the environment from your business perspective on the credit side? Thanks, Ken. So tiering goes to the businesses, essentially through fence funds transfer pricing. So the benefits accrue to them in proportion to the liquidity reserves that they generate for the company. We began to see that benefit in November when it became effective. So essentially twothree of the run rate you would have seen in Q4. On the BNP Paribas side, that transaction so we don't want to confuse you with this presentation, but we want to stay consistent with our original targets that we set for 21.5% for this year, 19.5% for next year. We haven't moved them to reflect the incremental expense relative to our original planning, which had not foreseen that we keep the prime finance business operating as part of our expense base, but rather had we not pursued the transaction with BNP Paribas, it would have run down much more quickly. So what we're describing to you is the incremental expenses that we will book in essentially operating that business for BNP Paribas at the level that is reimbursable under the agreement and that will be reflected in CRU revenues as a positive. Now we call out $102,000,000 in the 4th quarter. That is the level of expenses that would have been reimbursable had the transaction closed on the 1st October. In fact, it closed effective the 1st December, so we received we are eligible to have about onethree of that reimbursed for the Q4. Going forward, it will be the full run rate through 'nineteen. Over time, a slightly declining reimbursable cost base, frankly, as we transfer over time small elements of the business to them or personnel and infrastructure to BNP Paribas. But what we will essentially adjust out of our cost base is the reimbursement recapture that essentially nets out at the pretax profit line. Kian, on your fixed income question, so overall in fixed income, be it in rates, in currencies, emerging markets, we did changes last year, as we said on the Investor Day, and it simply gains momentum. So it's not only a credit story. I also said that the improved CDS level and the perception around Deutsche Bank also in the debt capital markets obviously help us in our day to day flow business. So I'm or we are satisfied with the momentum we see in the various products. Now on the credit side, this is our strength. Let me also talk a little bit more broadly from an economic point of view. I think we are even seeing a slight improvement in the economic environment globally. At least 2 uncertainties have been slightly taken away with the Phase 1 of the trade agreement between the U. S. And China. We also have less uncertainty all around the Brexit. And we can see that in economic forecasts, which are slightly up compared to our last earnings call end of October. We also see in our portfolio that there is no deterioration from an overall credit point of view. So yes, momentum, given our changes in that business is clearly picking up, not only in credit, but also in the others. And on the credit side, these are our I think one of our key strengths we have, and we are dealing in an economic environment, which is still weaker than we have seen it in 2017 or 2018, but clearly a slight upgrade since October. And Christian, if I may just add one more quick one. I mean, if I look at your performance this year, the restructuring clearly is on plan. You could make some arguments around revenues in transaction bank, etcetera. But generally, you explained that very well. Where do you see from a bottom up leaving macro issues aside or geopolitical issues, where do you see what's keeping you up at night? What are you most concerned believe, okay, this is an area where you really need to still turn around that particular issue? Kian, to be honest, and it's a very simple answer. We have to apply day by day the same discipline on execution like we have done it for the last 20 months. If we do this, we have so granular plans. We are playing so much to the strengths of Deutsche Bank in each and every business. If we keep that discipline, if we keep that execution focus, then I'm not worried. Okay. Thank you very much. Next question is from Jon Peace from Credit Suisse. Please go ahead. Yes, thank you. I had a couple of questions to help understand the run rate in the CNO line, the corporate center. So firstly, the valuation and timing differences has been quite positive now for about 6 the And the second question is on the funding line in CNO, which is quite negative this quarter. How should we think about that as a trend? And should will you be allocating more of that into the divisions? John, great question. And it's rare that we get questions on the corporate and other slide on Page 24 in the deck. But it is a good question because corporate and other some elements of it, frankly, are hard to run rate. If I were to just go quickly through the lines that you see here, funding and liquidity, as we've mentioned, has the $200,000,000 drag from the FTP amortization, that we've outlined. Other than that, it should clear to 0. There's obviously going to be in every given quarter, there's going to be a little bit of variance in the clear out from treasury. Valuation and timing, as you point out, is volatile. The principal drivers are essentially interest rate hedging of the balance sheet as well as FX hedging. And so it depends on both the level of rates, steepest of the yield curve and also FX basis, which are the main drivers of that. You had a 2018 that there was a fair amount that went adverse, particularly FX basis. In 2019, some of that FX basis reversed. And at the end of the year, we got some uplift from interest rates. But frankly, it's hard to predict, and we manage it as close to 0 as we can within the range of tools in hedging and also from an accounting perspective that we can. The shareholder expenses should be relatively stable. We've guided to around $400,000,000 in shareholder expenses consistently. That's a we operate to an OECD definition of expenses that are not that are applicably not part of the businesses. And the only real variance you see there is when there is significant restructuring and severance that applies to activities that are outside of the businesses. Litigation, of course, varies. And the non controlling but it's litigation that is not specifically pertaining to events or matters that are inside the businesses. And then noncontrolling interests is really the reversal at this level of the DWS minorities that we report in the segment. Others, lots of other things, as you can imagine, should kind of clear out relatively neutral. I hope that's helpful for your modeling. Yes. Thank you. Next question is from Amit Goel from Barclays. Please go ahead. Hi, thank you. I've got a kind of question on the FICC business and on the Investment Bank. Clearly, there are a few headlines in the press in the last few days about various kind of compensation related and timing discussions. When I look at how headcount evolves over the course of the year, I see kind of last year, there was about a 5% drop into Q2. I'm just kind of curious how you're looking to manage that this year as we kind of go into Q2 and what we should expect. Are you expecting the same type of attrition as you had last year or perhaps a bit less or a bit more? And how are you trying to motivate and continue to drive the employees to get that top line to continue to tick over? Thank you. Well, thank you. First of all, the attrition in 2019 was actually better than in 2018, we improved. And I think one reason why we improved and we said it on the Investor Day is, yes, that we took some harsh and tough decisions, but that stands for nothing else than corporate clarity. People know in which direction we go and actually they appreciate and support that clarity and that clear way and pass ahead. When it comes to compensation this year, we obviously will not yet provide details. That is for a later time. But we are steering that we will see a reduction in overall variable comp. But the way we have done it, we have clearly seen and looked at the operating performance and the adjusted performance James was outlining before. And we have done everything in order to appreciate and acknowledge the performance, in particular, of those colleagues and those businesses, which from have reached their targets. In this regard, it is very much about differentiation. But let me also say, and I've worked here for 30 years, it's also very much about motivation and day to day leadership. And I do think that we have a management team, which has clearly adopted that. We have a very close communication and cooperation with our teams. And by differentiating and clearly looking for the operational performance and balancing the combination around this one, I'm confident that we will not see a higher attrition in 2020 versus 2019. Thank you. Next question is from Anke Rangan from RBC. Please go ahead. Yes. Thank you very much for taking my question. Firstly, I wanted to come back to the BNP transaction. Can you just please confirm that it's already out of your risk weighted assets and leverage exposure? And as a result of the different impact on the costs, should we basically expect the cost base at 19.9 rather than the 19.5, but adjusted 19.5, just to understand what number I should be looking for. And then the Investment Banking risk weighted assets, I mean, obviously, that came down quite materially in Q4 outside of the operational risk weighted assets. Do you think the Q4 level is just seasonally lower and we should expect that to pick up again? Or is there any structural change outside the op risk weighted assets that should keep the level lower? And just one follow-up question, please. On the you made comments about your revenue assumption for most of the divisions. And for the Private Client division, is it fair to summarize you expect revenues to broadly stay flat? Or is the assumption actually you can do better? So on the BNP Paribas transaction, there is literally immaterial RWA still on our balance sheet for that business pursuant to a structural feature in the transaction that shifts that to BNP Paribas. We do carry leverage exposure on behalf of BNP Paribas. Hence, we kind of removed that from our leverage ratio targets again. It will be gone by the end of 2021. But there is leverage exposure on our balance sheet relating to the a portion of it relating to the Prime Finance business. On the expense side, you're absolutely right. All things equal, we would report $19,900,000,000 of expenses, but we want to stick to our target and not be in a position of moving targets. So the 19.5% is the number that would be if you added back that revenue recapture. But you should be looking for the 19.9% in the financial statement disclosure. In terms of revenue assumptions in the business, I think we gave reasonably complete outlook. I'm not sure I'd want to add to it. And Christian talked to the performance that he's expecting. Obviously, there's the market conditions and the path of interest rates are important. You've heard us talk about the momentum that we saw in the late last year, especially in Investment Banking and Asset Management. And you've talked us heard about you've heard us talk about the efforts that are underway in the Corporate Bank and Private Bank to offset the interest rate headwinds. We think the drivers of growth in those businesses are there. And over time, you'll start to see that underlying performance come through. The next question is from the line of Andrew Coombs from Citi. Please go ahead. Good afternoon. Two questions, please. 1 on the transformation charges and then one just on the POD charging. Firstly, on the transformation charges on Slide 11, on software impairments cumulative over 2019 to 'twenty two. I think your original guidance back in the middle of last year was €600,000,000 They went to €100,000,000 in December and now stand at €100,000,000 I'm just interested what's driving the incremental increase there and just wanted to reaffirm that, that does not impact on your capital position. My second question on deposit charging, back at the Investor Day, you said €20,000,000,000 had already been implemented. There were $110,000,000,000 of additional deposits under review. Could you just update us on that situation please and whether the $100,000,000 incremental revenues is still the right guidance and how much of that's already been booked in the 4Q run rate? Thank you. Sure, Andrew. Thank you for the questions. Look, on the Software IT, what has changed is the deeper and deeper we got into the what we think of as the application estate within our technology, under Bernd Loeckerd's leadership and his CIOs, the more we saw that we could take out of the company as we significantly simplify that estate. So we see this as a benefit to the company. So to the extent that this is the area where there's an expense miss on the total noninterest expense line, we see that as, at worst, neutral, frankly, positive, both in simplifying the company and providing a benefit to future expenses. And you're absolutely right. That number walked up over time, but and it was based on getting deeper and deeper into our software estate. I would say that the pricing of deposits, we are working on it. In that exhibit from the investor deep dive, we wanted to describe to you what the addressable balances might be. Obviously, it's a long way to go from $20,000,000,000 to $110,000,000,000 and that's a lot of client related client discussions. Many of our new pricing agreements are now effective essentially Oneonetwenty 20, hence our view that you'll see an increasing amount. I think the guidance we provided for both Corporate Bank and Private Bank back in December still applies in terms of what we expect to see from deposit charging. And as Stephan and also the Private Bank team, I think, said at the time, we've been favorably surprised by the quality of the client dialogue in terms of turning that from a negative conversation about handing them a check to a positive conversation about how they can optimize their liquidity use. We also, from just a deposit outflow perspective, I think, continue to feel we're outperforming our assumptions. And frankly, again, if you like, an upside surprise in this process is we've actually had improvements in the what we think of as the liquidity quality of the deposit base that remains with us. So early days, but frankly, good signs across the businesses of the impact there. And can I just confirm the software IT impairment does an impact on capital? Sorry, yes, absolutely. It does not. It's already disregarded from CET1 capital, so no impact. Right. Thank you very much. Next question is from Jeremy Sigee from Exane BNP Paribas. Please go ahead. Hi, there. Just a couple of follow ups, please. One was if you can talk a bit more about the advisory revenues within the Investment Bank, which were quite a lot weaker in the quarter, as you touched on. As they were for a number of people, we know the completions were lower. But other firms have talked about pipelines being a lot stronger coming into this year. And I wondered if you can sort of echo a similar sort of picture that gives you confidence for why that revenue stream remains intact and viable. So if you could talk about that a bit more, that would be great. And then the second question was really just continuing on the question around the 19.5% or 19.9% cost target. Are there any dependencies in hitting that number? Are there any events that you need to happen to do it, whether it's agreeing more headcount cuts or getting a step down in CRU costs or anything like that? So let me take the first question. You're right, we have seen kind of a softness in the 4th quarter. It has nothing to do that this is something structural. If we look at our pipeline, if I look at the market response and also the mandates which we get, then I do think that we have a very stable franchise here and where I'm not nervous that the kind of partial softness we have seen in the 4th quarter is a directional guidance for 2020. We also have very strong performances in the Origination Advisory business. In particular, we have been very happy with the performance of our debt origination, both in the investment grade as well as in the high yield. And we cannot see that this is stopping. And hence, this is, in our view, a core business to Deutsche Bank, which we obviously will pursue. And we are confident that we will show satisfactory results and revenues going forward. On the 19.5% cost target, I would just say many, many things need to continue to happen across the organization as we continue on our cost discipline and this sort of run rate decline that we've exhibited for the past 8 quarters. I will say, with the appointment of Fabrizio Campelli as Chief Transformation Officer, we get a new partner at the management board table along with all of the business leadership and Franck Kunkue, focusing on a variety of issues, but importantly, cost management. In many respects, it is a role to that includes helping on the implementation of cost measures. And we've identified many, many cost measures across the organization, which we will then partner closely, that is financed with the transformation organization under Fabrizio to execute on. Thank you. And the last question comes from Stuart Graham from Autonomous Research LLP. Please go ahead. Hi, thanks for taking my question. I had 2, please. First to Jernay's question, maybe I shouldn't be worried about the FICC market share losses at this stage. So I guess my question is how are you defining that stabilization, please? And then the second question is you talked back in July about the benefits from lower funding costs. I think the figure out to 2022 was something like €500,000,000 or so. How much of that's already been achieved at the Q4 stage? And what do you expect for 2020, please? Thanks, Stuart. Well, I said to the question from Germany that obviously, the U. S. Competitors have shown very strong, thick numbers in the Q4. There is no doubt. But I said that if we compare quarter over quarter, Q4 versus the Q3, I think we can compare ourselves well with our competitors, number 1. Number 2, I really think that we should wait for kind of all financial institutions coming in, now also our European peers, to finally validate where we stand from a market share. Number 3, my positive comments on the fixed income is that it's not only on the credit business, but that across our offerings, we see a momentum. And the nice thing, Stuart, about this one is on the back of client flow. Clients are reengaging. Clients reach out to us. The handover between Corporate Bank and Investment Bank is working very well in all kind of segments, be it the Rates business or the FX business. And hence, we think it's a solid foundation with the first time a year over year growth. And hence, we feel positive about the momentum and the underlying growth we see. And again, let's wait for all the peers coming in, and then we can see finally on the market shares. How do you know if that's your value add or just the market environment? I get it that both of them are good, but obviously one's better than the other. Well, I can also see it with the number of clients coming in reengaging with us. That is always a good signal that we had through the years, clients who did not engage with us, who are clearly coming back. And that is not only the favorable market, which I agree. We had more favorable markets in the Q4 2019 than in 2018, no doubt at all. I also said that in the media conference. But with clients coming back and being very active with us, that is, for me, one of the major positive signals. Okay. Stuart, on the funding costs, one thing I'd point you to is the net interest margin disclosure that we now provide in the financial data supplement. I can't give you a euro number of how much of the $500,000,000 has come through at this point off the top of my head. But there are elements of the things we've been talking about for a while that are entering into the margin and helping support the margin. You'll see that the history is of an increasing margin. That's obviously difficult to sustain in the interest rate environment that we're in. But I think the various items, whether it was putting together an investment portfolio in treasury, significant deleveraging in the form of paydown of long term debt that has already flown in, at least in part. It's sort of bled in, if you like, to the P and L over time. Some of the other things that we've talked about, like taking advantage of greater hedging tools to manage our interest rate risk and also sort of balance sheet productivity, that's really only just getting started. So I would see over time in a very slow build to that number in 2022, hopefully helps to sustain a margin relative to what are otherwise typically pressures on the margin in addition to loan growth and some of the other structural improvements on the balance sheet. There are no further questions at this time. And I would like to hand back to James Rivett for any closing comments. Please go ahead. Thank you very much for your time. We can see there are some more