AB Volvo Ratios and Metrics

Market cap in millions EUR. Fiscal year is January - December.

Millions EUR. Fiscal year is Jan - Dec.

Fiscal Year	Current	FY 2025	FY 2024	FY 2023	FY 2022	FY 2021
Period Ending	Feb '26 Feb 19, 2026	Dec '25 Dec 31, 2025	Dec '24 Dec 31, 2024	Dec '23 Dec 31, 2023	Dec '22 Dec 31, 2022	Dec '21 Dec 31, 2021
Market Capitalization	66,831	55,619	47,730	48,085	34,788	41,584
Market Cap Growth	21.68%	16.53%	-0.74%	38.22%	-16.35%	5.82%
Enterprise Value	83,186	73,531	63,841	63,983	47,637	52,126
Last Close Price	32.89	27.15	21.75	20.83	14.00	15.63
PE Ratio	20.99	17.47	10.85	10.73	11.84	13.04
PS Ratio	1.51	1.26	1.04	0.97	0.82	1.15
PB Ratio	4.05	3.37	2.77	2.96	2.33	2.97
P/TBV Ratio	5.49	4.57	3.65	3.95	3.20	4.11
P/FCF Ratio	26.54	22.09	16.80	64.59	30.31	27.54
P/OCF Ratio	15.86	13.20	11.78	24.98	11.66	12.71
EV/Sales Ratio	1.85	1.66	1.39	1.29	1.12	1.44
EV/EBITDA Ratio	14.96	13.04	9.77	8.18	10.04	11.45
EV/EBIT Ratio	18.30	15.87	10.77	8.82	11.31	12.97
EV/FCF Ratio	33.04	29.20	22.47	85.94	41.50	34.52
Debt / Equity Ratio	1.39	1.39	1.34	1.32	1.29	1.07
Debt / EBITDA Ratio	4.07	4.07	3.43	2.68	3.89	3.16
Debt / FCF Ratio	9.10	9.10	8.13	28.91	16.74	9.90
Net Debt / Equity Ratio	0.98	0.98	0.90	0.85	0.78	0.63
Net Debt / EBITDA Ratio	2.86	2.86	2.37	1.78	2.45	1.94
Net Debt / FCF Ratio	6.41	6.41	5.46	18.66	10.11	5.84
Asset Turnover	0.70	0.70	0.76	0.85	0.83	0.73
Inventory Turnover	4.84	4.84	4.76	5.10	5.05	4.95
Quick Ratio	0.89	0.89	0.96	0.90	0.95	0.92
Current Ratio	1.15	1.15	1.27	1.24	1.29	1.26
Return on Equity (ROE)	18.47%	18.47%	26.75%	28.78%	21.25%	22.75%
Return on Assets (ROA)	4.60%	4.60%	6.12%	7.74%	5.12%	5.03%
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)	10.22%	10.09%	14.40%	19.14%	12.94%	14.14%
Return on Capital Employed (ROCE)	13.10%	13.10%	15.70%	20.70%	12.40%	13.20%
Earnings Yield	4.76%	5.72%	9.21%	9.32%	8.44%	7.67%
FCF Yield	3.77%	4.53%	5.95%	1.55%	3.30%	3.63%
Dividend Yield	5.36%	2.89%	3.21%	3.24%	4.49%	4.04%
Payout Ratio	47.21%	47.21%	30.27%	28.57%	40.39%	37.21%
Total Shareholder Return	5.36%	2.89%	3.21%	3.24%	4.49%	4.04%

Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence. Standard template. Financial Sources.