Hello, and welcome to the Nokia Q2 twenty seventeen Earnings Results Conference Call. All participants will be in listen only mode. Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Mr. Matt Schimmel, Head of Investor Relations.
Sir, you may begin.
Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Nokia's Q2 2017 conference call. I'm Matt Shimao, Head of Nokia Investor Relations Rajeev Suri, President and CEO of Nokia and Christian Pulola, CFO of Nokia are here in Espoo with me today. During this call, we'll be making forward looking statements regarding the future business and financial performance of Nokia and its industry. These statements are predictions that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may therefore differ materially from the results we currently expect.
Factors that could cause such differences can be both external, such as general economic and industry conditions, as well as internal operating factors. We have identified such risks in more detail on Pages 67 through 85 of our 20 16 Annual Report on Form 20 F, our financial report for Q2 and half year twenty seventeen issued today, as well as our other filings with the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Please note that our results release, the complete interim report with tables and the presentation on our website include non IFRS results information addition to the reported results information.
Our complete financial report with tables available on our website includes a detailed explanation of the content of the non IFRS information and a reconciliation between the non IFRS and the reported information. With that, Rajeev, over to you.
Thank you, Matt, and thanks to all of you for joining Nokia's Q2 financial results call. Overall, I'm pleased with where we landed in the Q2. We again reduced the rate of our top line decline and delivered solid profitability all while making good progress on executing our strategy. We also saw some important developments in the quarter that I will share with you, but before that, a quick recap of the quarter's numbers. Group level non IFRS net sales in the quarter were €5,600,000,000 close to flat year on year.
Within that, Nokia Technologies led the way with sales up 90% versus the same period last year. That was largely, but not completely, driven by our recently announced agreement with Apple, and you can also see the impact of that agreement in our cash position. On the network side, sales of nearly €5,000,000,000 were down about 5% year on year, just slightly better than the 6% year on year decline we reported in Q1. Profitability was good across the board, including Networks gross margin, which came in at 39.1%, up 150 basis points from 1 year ago. Our pipeline and orders remain robust, particularly in new verticals we are targeting such as energy, public sector and webscale.
Overall, in Networks, we continue to win a significant majority of the deals that we pursued and we landed more large contracts in the first half of the year than we did during the same period 1 year ago. This progress is important given that we are slightly more negative about market conditions this year than we were 1 quarter ago. As you have seen, we have called down slightly our estimates for our primary addressable market with communication service providers for this year. Given a range of factors such as M and A in some markets, operator competition, challenges in China and a slower than expected recovery in Europe, we now believe that the market will decline in the range of 3% to 5% this year. This compares to our earlier view that the decline would be a low single digit.
At the same time, we continue to expect Networks sales to perform in line with the market. In general, however, I believe our second quarter results continue to show the underlying strength of Nokia and of our disciplined operating model and end to end portfolio in particular. Reflecting that, I remain confident we will meet the full year 2017 guidance that we have given for our Networks business operating margin and that we also remain on track to reach our goal of €1,200,000,000 in total cost savings in full year 2018. So in summary, the 2nd quarter showed ongoing challenging market conditions, but also a solid Nokia performance. With that, let me turn to the 4 pillars of our strategy, starting with leading and high performance end to end networks with communication service providers.
Order momentum in this area remains good despite year on year revenue declines in both mobile networks and fixed networks in the Q2. Sales in Global Services, which we are now reporting as its own segment, were flat year on year. On the fixed side, I noted last quarter that 2017 is a bit of a transition year after an exceptional 2016. That said, Fixed Networks orders grew nicely in the quarter. Its lean cost structure also allowed us to deliver excellent profit margins despite the top line challenges and the team is making good progress enhancing our portfolio to capitalize on the growing cable market.
The power of our innovation showed in the quarter with the deployment of Nokia's next generation fiber optic 10 gs equipment for Estonia's Starman, the first cable operator in Europe to offer ultrafast Internet service based on 10 gs EPON technology. In terms of Global Services, as I noted, year on year revenues were flat. Operating margin on the other hand was up nicely from 1 year ago at 8.5%. We're extremely focused on driving differentiation in our services business through automation, artificial intelligence, augmented reality and advanced analytics. Our goal is to use these tools to drive the next wave of cost reductions in our services organization while providing constantly improving performance for our customers.
A great example of how we're doing this is through Nokia Ava, our cloud based cognitive services platform. In mobile networks, we announced in the quarter that we would develop a 5 gs ecosystem with NTT DOCOMO and that we will play an integral role in T Mobile's launch of 5 gs coverage in the United States. We also had some nice first ever wins in the quarter, including a core network entry in Korea and a cloud based 3 gs voice switching deal in North America. And our leading small cells portfolio continued to get traction in the market, registering strong year on year growth. As we make this progress, we are seeing some important market developments related to 5 gs.
Our original expectation was that 5 gs would only really take off in the 2020 to 2021 time period. That is now changing as we see some lead customers in both the United States and China preparing to move earlier and that should drive others to respond. I know that this may be contrary to what some of you on the call believe, but based on discussions that I've been having with a number of our customers, I'm increasingly convinced that 5 gs trials will accelerate in 2018 and that in 2019, we can expect to start to see meaningful deployments in the U. S. And China and potentially several other markets like Japan.
We also believe that 5 gs is likely to last longer and be deeper than we first thought. This is not just a small cell game. 5 gs will go big into the macro world. It will cover low, mid and high bands to address both capacity and coverage and drive changes and investment requirements in other parts of the network as well. But that is generally good news for Nokia.
What is less good is that it puts increased pressure on us to accelerate our 5 gs roadmaps, expanding the workload on our R and D team in mobile networks that is already extremely focused on product integration and new feature requests. I want to be transparent that this situation does create some near term risk as it makes the timing of certain project completions and acceptances more uncertain than is typical for us. But we have successfully worked through such issues before and I'm confident that we will do so again. We have strong customer relationships, deep R and D capacity and thanks to our robust balance sheet, the ability to further invest as needed. While we are still evaluating the full impact of these developments, I want to be clear that this is not a time to back off from product leadership.
We believe we are gaining share from a competitor that is struggling and we are focused on working hard and fast to meet the needs of our customers. Now onto the 2nd strategy pillar of expanding network sales to select vertical markets needing high performing secure networks. Pleasingly, we saw double digit year on year growth in our order pipeline in most of our target verticals, including energy, public sector, transportation and technological extra large enterprises, which include webscale. Now these areas remain relatively small, but our goal is to grow both fast and prudently, ensuring that we are focusing investment where we are generating the greatest momentum. We continue to expand into some exciting new areas in the quarter, including an agreement to provide Amazon Web Services with Nokia's multi access edge computing technology, which allows customers to process content more quickly at the very edge of the mobile network.
For the first half overall, our efforts led to the addition of over 50 new companies to our win list in the vertical space, a far faster rate compared to the same period in 2016. As I'm sure many of you have seen already, a big second quarter highlight in our efforts to expand to new vertical markets was our launch of the world's most powerful Internet routing platforms powered by Nokia's new FP4 silicon, the world's 1st multi terabit chipset that is many times faster and far smarter than anything on the market today. While we do not expect meaningful revenues from these products to come until 2018, we do expect that they will fundamentally improve our IP routing position with webscale companies in our target enterprise verticals and with our traditional communication service provider customers. We're seeing strong early customer interest with BT Group and Xiaomi among those who have already expressed their intent to purchase FB4 based products. As I said last quarter, we expect the remainder of 2017 to be challenging for our overall IP optical networks business, but I would note that the rate of sales decline in the business slowed from Q1, orders increased in the first half of the year compared to 2016, and we believe we will soon be in a position of clear technological leadership.
With that, I now want to move on to Nokia's 3rd strategy pillar, building a strong standalone software business at scale. In this area, our progress is meaningful. After several quarters of sales decline, our applications and analytics business was flat in the first quarter and then returned to growth of 9% year on year in the second quarter. About half of that growth was organic, while the rest came from our successful completion of the Comtel acquisition. We are seeing the results of the work that I've talked about on this call before, strengthening our software sales capacity and incentive programs, renewing customer facing personnel, re architecting our software on a common foundation and adjusting our portfolio to target the most compelling opportunities and more.
Our journey continues, but the momentum that we're building here is increasingly strong. Now on to our 4th pillar, creating new business and licensing opportunities in the consumer ecosystem. And here, Nokia Technologies delivered well from a financial deal and brand perspective. Ex net sales were up 90% year on year, while operating margin was 16 percentage points higher, mostly as a result of the multiyear patent licensing deal we signed with Apple. Overall, we are tracking well against the roadmap we have set out for our licensing business.
1st, to close deals with the biggest players, Apple and Samsung, then to turn our focus to China, then to other regions and on to potential licensees in automobile and other sectors. Q2 was clearly an excellent period for our licensing business given both the Apple deal and another one with Xiaomi. The Xiaomi agreement is important because we believe that it opens the door for us to move forward with other Chinese companies. While there are no guarantees of our success, we continue to engage with a number of players in that market. Nokia and Xiaomi are to cross license cellular standard essential patents and Xiaomi also acquired patents from Nokia.
In addition, the 2 companies expanded their business collaboration, including sales of network infrastructure equipment by Nokia to Xiaomi. And this builds on work we're already doing with Xiaomi to connect their data centers in China and create a private cloud network for the company. As a final note on Nokia Technologies, we announced just at the end of the quarter that Gregory Lee joined us. Gregory is serving as President of Nokia Technologies and a member of the Nokia Group leadership team, and he joined from Samsung Electronics, where he led that company's business in the United States. He's a very welcome addition to the team.
Finally, let me just comment on our Networks business from a geographical perspective, focusing on China, North America and India. First, China, where we continue to see some market softness despite longer term potential as the shift to 5 gs accelerates. Our sales in China were down by 7% year on year, reflecting overall market conditions. Despite these challenges, we are well positioned to watch in have closed the transaction for the creation of the Nokia Shanghai Bell joint venture that brings together Alcataloos in Shanghai Bell and Nokia's China business. Nokia Shanghai Bell or NSB is a big player in China with approximately 16,000 employees in the country, more than 60% of them working in R and D.
It is also the sole successful joint venture between a member of the state owned Asset Supervision and Administration Commission or SASAC and a foreign company. As such, it's a source of pride in China with both support from and access to key decision makers. At a time when more than a few technology companies are experiencing challenges in China, we believe that this puts us in a solid position for the future. 2nd, North America, where operator competition and M and A related uncertainty has put a slight short term damper on the market, more than we expected at the start of the year. As I noted in my remarks on 5 gs, however, the longer term catalysts for strength in North America are there with big players who are pushing to move fast.
In addition, we are working with our largest customers in North America to replace older alkydulucine equipment with our ultra modern air scale solution. One of the advantages of these upgrades is that it will put 5 gs ready Nokia equipment widely into operation. Finally, India, which helped drive sales in our Asia Pacific region back to growth in the quarter. India has an aggressive challenge of forcing the entire market to respond. As a result, even if M and A activity start to cool the market somewhat, we see generally favorable conditions as well as a very strong Nokia position.
In fact, we believe we are considerably outpacing all our competitors in the country. It is remarkable to see how far India has come so fast and I would not even be surprised to see 5 gs coming to India faster than many other parts of the world. It is now home to some of the world's most innovative and aggressive operators and that will help continue to drive progress forward. With that, as an overview of the quarter, I will hand the call over to Christian for more on our financials. Christian?
Thank you, Rajiv. I will begin today by commenting on our new IPR licensing and business collaboration deals with Apple and Xiaomi, along with an overall financial performance of Nokia Technologies. Then some words on the creation of Nokia Shanghai Bell and the financial performance of Group Common and Other before taking you through our cash performance and working capital in Q2. And finally, I'll spend a few moments summarizing our recent refinancing activities, progress around cost savings and the guidance for the full year 2017. Starting with Apple and Xiaomi.
On the Apple deal, we have multiple reasons to be pleased. First, the licensing income has increased significantly. Furthermore, reaching an agreement quickly without continuing costly litigation enables us to save considerable OpEx, and that adds to the value of the deal from our perspective. Related to only the Apple litigation, we had expected to spend at a run rate of approximately €100,000,000 annually. Given the agreement, we should not see any Apple related litigation costs in and going forward.
2nd, we got a substantial upfront cash payment of €1,700,000,000 from Apple, strengthening further our cash position. As said earlier, our plan is to provide more details on the intended use of cash in conjunction with our Q3 earnings. 3rd, instead of a simple patent licensing agreement, we have agreed on a more extensive business collaboration with Apple, providing potential for a meaningful uplift in our IP routing, optical networks and digital health business units over time. Hence, the value of the agreement will be reflected partly as patent licensing net sales in Nokia Technologies and partly as net sales in other Nokia Business Groups. Then on our agreement with Xiaomi.
While the deal is clearly smaller in size, it marks a significant milestone in our efforts to get Chinese smartphone manufacturers under license. As we discussed in the past, after signing Apple, we see our biggest opportunity now with the Chinese smartphone vendors. Similar to the Apple deal, the Saumium agreement is broad and strategic in nature, including network equipment and collaboration in a range of strategic projects. As part of the transaction, we did also divest certain patents to Xiaomi in Q2. We expect to start recording licensing income from Xiaomi beginning from Q4.
Now on the quarterly numbers. Nokia Technologies net sales grew by 90% in Q2, primarily due to higher patent and brand licensing revenue, divested IPR and the acquisition of Wheatonix in the year ago quarter. Approximately 40% of the year on year increase was due to nonrecurring net sales related to a new licensing agreement. The higher net sales drove higher gross and operating profit in the quarter, both year on year and sequentially. Moving then to the creation of Nokia Shanghai Belt.
We closed the transaction with China Huaxin earlier this month. And as we have discussed in previous quarters, we have taken a fresh look at our operating model in China without grandfathering any past practices. While it took some time, I believe that now with our Nokia Shanghai Bell JV, we have achieved the best possible model for long term success in China. Nokia owns 50% plus one share of NSP and China Huaxin owning the remainder. In the transaction, Nokia's China business was sold to the JV in China in exchange for fair value compensation in cash.
As the JV was and NSP continues to be reported on a fully consolidated basis, there was no change in Nokia's overall cash level as a result of the transaction. However, we now have a greater flexibility to utilize the cash received as we are able to repatriate it from China. In our financial report today, in the subsequent events section in the back part of the document, you will find an explanation of how NSB will be accounted for going forward given the fact that China Huaxin has a put option and Nokia has a call option related to NSP. The important point here is that we will run the JV, NSP, for long term success, and at the same time, the exercise price of the options is based on a calculation, which Nokia believes is a fair way to value NSV. Continuing next to the performance of group, common and other in Q2.
The overall revenue that we report in this area increased by approximately 14% year on year. The growth was primarily driven by Alcatel Submarine Networks, its sales benefited from the timing of certain large projects. Although the sales in radio frequency systems remained flattish year on year, our cost savings initiatives in RFS continue to show progress. We are continuing the strategic reviews of both businesses. For example, on ASN, while the business has limited synergies with the rest of our networks portfolio, submarine cables are becoming more important for webscale players that need to link data centers on different continents.
There are many factors to consider, and as always, we aim to maximize shareholder value. Turning then to our cash performance in the 2nd quarter. On a sequential basis, Nokia's net cash and other liquid assets decreased by approximately €450,000,000 with a quarter end balance of approximately €4,000,000,000 The sequential decrease was mostly attributable to cash outflows from financing activities, primarily due to the payout of our 2016 dividend along with buybacks as well as cash outflows from investing activities primarily related to the acquisition of Comtel. In Q2, Nokia had approximately EUR 140,000,000 of restructuring and associated cash outflows. Excluding this, net working capital resulted in an increase of net cash of approximately EUR 1,200,000,000.
This was primarily due to an increase in short term receivables, mostly related to the €1,700,000,000 upfront cash payment from Apple, partly offset by the payment of incentives related to Nokia's business performance in 2016. Furthermore, a decrease in receivables was offset by an increase in inventories. Our inventories have been building up during the first half of the year, and bringing this back to a more normalized level is a priority. Given the extent of the non recurring cash inflows and outflows we have seen thus far in 2017, our earlier commentary on free cash flow for the full year 2017 is no longer as relevant. The large nonrecurring puts and takes include upfront cash payment from Apple, cash outflows for the acquisition of businesses as well as our recent refinancing transactions and an upcoming cash tax outfall, which I will discuss shortly.
Excluding these non recurring items, we would still expect Nokia's free cash flow for the full year 2017 to be slightly positive. In Q2, we continued the optimization of Nokia's debt structure by issuing approximately EUR 900,000,000 of new U. S. Dollar denominated bonds and purchasing through tender offers approximately €1,200,000,000 of the legacy Lucent U. S.
Dollar notes as well as our shortest dated U. S. Dollar notes. Overall, the cash flow related to our bond issuance and redemptions in the first half of the year roughly offset each other. In addition to improving debt maturity profile, our debt structure optimization activities enabled us to reduce our interest rate expense run rate significantly, and this was reflected in our updated guidance for non IFRS financial income and expenses earlier this year.
Our overall Q2 debt related activities did result in a further improvement in our interest rate expense run rate, but this will be largely offset going forward by a interest charge related to the NSB transaction, which again is discussed in the subsequent events section of our press release in detail. The interest charge replaces from an accounting point of view the non controlling interest in the P and L. Thus, we continue to expect Nokia's non IFRS financial income and expenses to be approximately €250,000,000 for the full year 2017. Our share repurchases under our capital structure optimization program continued to progress. In Q2, we executed approximately EUR 180,000,000 of share buybacks, and cumulatively, we have completed approximately EUR 630,000,000 of the overall planned EUR 1,000,000,000.
We plan to resume the share repurchases after Q2 earnings, and we are on track to complete the program by the end of 2017. As already mentioned, we intend to provide an update on Nokia's capital plans along with our Q3 earnings when our current capital structure optimization program will be approaching completion. Continuing next with an update on taxes. Favorable profit mix benefited P and L tax rate again in the 2nd quarter, with our non IFRS tax rate coming in lower than expected at 14%. Given the unusually low tax rate in the first half of twenty seventeen, we have today lowered our guidance for Nokia's non IFRS tax rate for the full year to be in the range of 25% to 30%.
Also, we have today raised our guidance on Nokia's cash taxes to be approximately EUR 800,000,000 for the full year 2017. The increase of EUR 200,000,000 relates to an uncertain tax position in Germany, which originated from the disposal of the former Alcatelucent rail whale signaling business to Thales in 2006. Based on new facts and circumstances, in Q2, we had an unfavorable nonrecurring change in uncertain tax positions of approximately EUR 200,000,000. The cash impact, which is also euros multiyear €1,200,000,000 cost savings target and a recap on key guidance items. We have today reiterated our EUR 1,200,000,000 cost savings target.
We continue to believe that this is the right target for us, and we are continuing to make progress towards this goal. We also reiterated our guidance for product portfolio integration related network equipment swap outs to total €900,000,000 over the life of the program. Executing on our cost savings and swap out plans are clear priorities. Lastly, on guidance for our Networks business for the full year 2017. While we have reiterated our expectations for top line to decline in line with our primary market and operating margin in the range of 8% to 10%, we now expect conditions in our primary market to be slightly more challenging than earlier anticipated.
Instead of low single digit decline, we currently expect 3% to 5% decline in our primary market. As a reminder, the outlook is provided assuming constant foreign currency rates. In addition, as Rajiv discussed in his remarks, we have today provided some new commentary on the drivers for our full year outlook for our Networks business. These include uncertainties related to the timing of completions and acceptances of certain projects, particularly in the second half twenty seventeen, as well as the level of R and D investment needed to maintain product competitiveness and accelerate 5 gs. We believe that we can manage through these headwinds and risks in 2017 with a relatively small impact on our targets for the full year.
With that, over to Matt for Q and A.
Thank you, Christian. Carey, please go ahead.
The first question comes from Andrew Gardiner of Barclays. Please go ahead.
Good afternoon. Thanks for taking my question. I just had one regarding some of the different outlook within the Networks division. You've mentioned some of it in your prepared comments, but just in particular, the uncertainty related to the timing of completions and acceptances of certain projects. I'm just wondering if you can provide a little more sort of detail in terms of what you mean there?
What type of projects might be causing some problems? Is it in relation to some of the technology spending that you've also discussed? So a bit more detail would be helpful. Thanks very much.
Thanks, Andrew. So we I talked about this in previous calls that we are seeing a bigger than expected workload on the radio mobile networks division, 1, due to platform migration. This is what I've talked about before. But we're also seeing advancement of some features by customers. And now we're seeing acceleration of 5 gs.
So when you put these three things together, there is even more pressure on workload and product roadmaps, particularly in the radio team. So this leads to a slight elevation of risk that in certain projects, and I want to say that the operative word is really certain, that there could be some timing impact on acceptances and this could affect our revenues. Now I want to be clear, this is not broad based and we are talking just about certain projects and we expect to be confident to manage through this as Christian said.
Thank you, Andrew. Carey, we'll take our next question please.
The next question comes from Alexander Paturg of Societe Generale. Please go ahead.
Yes. Hi. Thank you for taking my question. Just very briefly on licensing. Can you tell us a little bit more about where we are with the LG arbitration?
You said in June 2015 that this will be concluded within 1 to 2 years. So should we expect a resolution anytime soon? Or is there a delay here? And also, will LG deal the deal with LG contain a significant catch up components? And then just also still on licensing with respect to other Chinese vendors, what sort of timeline should we expect for further developments there?
Thanks a lot.
Thanks for the question. So with regard to LG, because it's an arbitration, one can't predict the timing of that. So I won't do that. But instead, allow me to give you a roadmap of how we see things. So yes, there's the LG component.
But now that we've got the entry to China with the 1st licensee, we've also, as we said before, been working with the regulator, the NDRC, in trying to get collaboration with them to help support discussions with further licensees. So the next step for us is China. That's in our roadmap, sort of go down a little bit further, automotive players where there's an interest to get licensing from us and then there's also India. So going back to now that we've done Apple, Samsung, there'll be LG, but there'll also be China, auto and India. And again, I won't put a timeframe on China except to say that we're in active dialogue with multiple licensees.
Thank you, Alexander. Carey, next question, please.
The next question comes from David Mulholland of UBS. Please go ahead.
Hi. Thanks very much. I just want to come back to the comments you made on win rates and orders and contracts and the growth you're seeing there. I know you mentioned you feel you're winning share, but could you be a bit more specific on what areas is this both across mobile? And do you feel how material do you feel the share gains you're getting in the riding side of the business?
Yes. I think it's it comes out to be an end to end company. We're winning more strategic mind share with a number of customers. And again, it's 2 quarters. So let's be careful not to sort of declare victory yet, but I'd say that we want to watch for 3 or 4 rolling quarters to really confirm that we're taking share.
It does appear that we are taking share. We're strong in the market. I'd say more on the mobile side. When it comes to routing, your question there, I think we will get sort of significant leap in technological leadership with SP4. We expect orders to come in, in the second half of the year, Q4 more likely and then meaningful revenues only starting next year with web scales and enterprises and even service providers.
Great. Thank you, David. Terry, next question please.
The next question comes from Mike Walkley of Canaccord Genuity. Please go ahead.
Great. Thank you. Just on the Networks division also with you reiterating the 8% to 10% guidance, can you talk about maybe the mix in the second half of the year? Is there a different mix that maybe impacts gross margin? Or is it the increase in R and D that maybe keeps us in the 8% to 10% range given the strong margins to start the year?
I think it's fair to say that now in Q2, we had strong margins in the Networks business, helped partly by Global Services. We had some acceptances come in there that helped us in the quarter. And as we move forward, we will continue to drive the pricing discipline that we have. We'll actually start leverage more analytics in pricing as we go forward And then also continue with the continued improvement mindset that we have for product cost and any fixed costs to drive good margins also going forward. But then as we said, there are some of these uncertainties to take into account.
And I think it's also fair to say that out of the EUR 100,000,000 OpEx cost savings that we estimated for the year, we have achieved, if you look at our financials, approximately SEK 80,000,000 during the first two quarters. So in that sense, we do have a tougher compare in the second half also from an operating expense point of view.
Thank you, Mike. Carey, we'll take our next question, please.
The next question comes from Akal Sultania of Credit Suisse. Please go ahead.
Hi, thanks. Just a question on the market outlook again, Rajeev. I think given your comments around the order book being up year on year, the number of contracts you won is also up year on year. Just trying to get a sense of like are you assuming that there will be some M and A in the telco space going forward in the second half of the year, which is why you're being slightly more cautious as you were? Or do you already see some kind of slowdown in the business already in the last like few weeks, which is causing that downtick in the outlook statement?
Just wanted to get a sense of what exactly is happening and in which region. Thank you.
Yes. So thanks, Achal. So with regard to the market, first, let me give a geographical sort of perspective on that. So previously, we thought that North America could be a positive catalyst. We're seeing that less of the case this year, down a little bit of the operator competition there, but also sort of impending possible consolidation M and A.
We thought that China will be slow and that is confirmed to be slow. Europe is slower in terms of the recovery than we'd also expect at the beginning of the year. Middle East and Africa, Latin America pretty much in line with what we had thought. Southeast Asia, parts of Southeast Asia actually have turned out to be a bit more positive, but not enough to offset North America not being the positive catalyst. And then India robust, as we said before, we're even stronger than anybody else that's going well.
Japan bouncing off its lows and that positive, but we said that as well. So if you want to look at the deviations from what we thought at the beginning of the year, I would say Europe recovery slower and North America not being as much of positive catalyst. I think the second part of the question was, if you've got all this order intake, why is that not translating to our own sort of revenues and why we said that our revenues will fall in line with this new market guidance on top line. And that is because, 1, the risk on timing of certain projects that we mentioned. Yes, there's FP4 that's coming, but that's a next year activity for us in terms of meaningful revenue.
And then the third thing I will say is that some of the order intake is related to multiyear contracts that don't necessarily convert in the second half of the year.
Thank you, Charles. Kerry, next question please.
The next question comes from Sandeep Deshpande of JPMorgan. Please go ahead.
Yes. Hi. My question is 2 parts. Quickly on Rajiv, on the 5 gs market, you've talked about North America, China possibly for the first time and Japan, but you did not mention Korea. What is happening in terms of potentially rollout of 5 gs networks in that country?
Secondly, regarding your growth in the 2nd pillar markets where you've highlighted some of the wins. Can you talk a little bit about FirstNet and what your contribution there is going to be and when that will start? Thank you.
Thanks, Sandeep. So on the 5 gs market, yes, Korea will go with sort of pre commercial pilots, but really I'd categorize them in showcase and sort of a little bit more than demonstrations in 2018. And then I think the first time I'm talking about this is really because there is the willingness in the market now to drive 5 gs faster. Standardization is moving a little bit faster as well. And then also the fact that the ecosystem, when I'm talking ecosystem, I mean chipsets, devices potentially could be brought forward as well by several months.
All of this means that commercial deployments could be brought forward. So and the other recognition is that it is not just a small cell technology and so it will be low band spectrum, think 600, 800, 900, that kind of spectrum. It will be mid band, think 3.5, 4.5 and even high band millimeter wave and so on. So therefore, I think there is clearly going to be a macro for coverage and then there is going to be capacity with small cells and so on. So it is not just a small cell ultra dense technology, it's everything.
And of course, this will drive investments in other parts of the network like transport, optical and so on. So on Korea, I think it will be in the mix too. So clearly, it will be Japan, China and U. S, but Korea could be, but don't count on 2018 being the big one. It will be a bit later.
So 2019 could be mass commercial rollouts in these markets, but potentially also parts of Europe. Your second question, public sectors. So overall in verticals, our order intake is strong. On public sector specifically, I would say that when it comes to FirstNet, in terms of meaningful investments and spend there, I think it's more 2018 than 2017.
Thank you, Sandeep. Kerry, we'll take our next question please.
The next question comes from Robert Sanders of Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.
Yes. My first question would just be around the business collaboration agreement with Apple that you signed. Can you just talk a bit about what's the nature of that agreement when it comes to providing network equipment infrastructure products? Do you have a supply agreement or is it more that Apple has agreed trial maybe your IP routing products? And just if I can just bolt on one other follow-up question to the previous.
Do you think that 5 gs is enough is ready enough to now kind of pull your addressable market to growth next year? Thanks a lot.
Thank you, Robert. So first on the business collaboration on Apple. Yes, it does involve agreements to supply optical and routing gear. So it's clearly more than trials. This is a real business collaboration with business that's going to come.
On 5 gs and translation of market for next year, we're not giving any guidance as such for next year. It's still early days to form a solid opinion on that. Again, as I said, meaningful deployments and hence meaningful revenues for the sector from a market standpoint in 5 gs will be 2019.
Thank you, Rob. Carey, next question please.
The next question comes from Francois Meunier of Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.
Yes. Thanks, everyone. So again, like last quarter, congratulation on the margin and especially on the gross margin performance. So I mean, probably there were quite a few low hanging fruits from the Alcatel Wireless and the Alcatel business in general. But can you describe if there is more juice basically potentially coming from this gross margin number.
We can see in the ultra broadband networks, like gross margin is going up despite revenues going down. In Global Services, same stuff, flat revenues, but the gross margin is going up something like 400 bps. So like is there anything we can expect for the coming quarter and maybe for 2018?
Yes, thanks. I'll repeat what I said. I think this was a good quarter gross margin wise. A lot of hard work by a lot of people to get this result. So huge thanks to the team for that.
We did get some help in Global Services from the timing of certain projects. And then when we look forward, in the current environment, it is important for us to continue to have pricing discipline, the utilization of analytics there, the centralization way, driving costs out throughout the company, sharing best practices, be it then former Alcatel Lucent practices or former Nokia practices, we really don't care. If they are best practices, they should be shared across the company, and then we go for continued improvement there. So that needs to be the mindset, and we need to do that to offset some of the pricing pressure that will come in the industry given competition and with that, continue to drive good margin here.
Great. Thank you, Francois. Kerry, next question please.
The next question comes from Stuart Jeffrey of Natixis. Please go ahead.
Hello. Thank you very much. I had a question on the IPR business. You're not giving a run rate. But given that the Apple deal only had 1 missed quarter, is there any reason we can't just look at the sequential increase Q1 to Q2, divide that by 2 to get a realistic run rate going forward?
And then just to clarify on Xiaomi, could you just talk about why they felt the need to take this license and how we translate that into why the other Chinese might be compelled to license your technology because they obviously haven't felt the need before? I'm trying to understand what's changed.
So maybe I'll start then, Rajiv, chip in. So on Apple or on the licensing business, we did pretty clearly call out that 40% of the increase of revenue related to nonrecurring parts of the new license agreement. And if you do the math there based on the numbers we said, you kind of come to a €60,000,000 to €65,000,000 number, which is the revenue we booked now in the 2nd quarter that related to the Q1. So I think, yes, you can use that number to, a, calculate what the run rate revenue for the patent and brand licensing businesses, and we also gave that number SEK357,000,000 So I would claim that the run rate number is there. There is maybe a bit more math to do to get there.
When it comes to Xiaomi and the Chinese, it is clear that they are, a, operating more and more outside of China and, b, China wants to be in a position to monetize IP because Chinese companies do a lot of R and D and create a lot of IP as we speak. And because of that, the environment for IP in China is also changing. So I think there are these two drivers why Chinese vendors in general are now approaching IP in a different way.
I think we're good there. So thank you, Stuart. And Kerry, we'll take our next question please.
The next question comes from Richard Kramer of Arete Research. Please go ahead.
Thanks very much. Rajeev, I'd like to sort of challenge a couple of the received wisdom items about the industry. One is that the industry profitability depends almost entirely on the North American market. And in this quarter, obviously, North America was down sharply sequentially, yet the margins were fairly stable. And then the second one sort of hanging out there is that the industry as a whole is, for lack of a better word, more or less ex growth, and that was some of the logic of the consolidation for the Alcatel deal among others.
With all the areas that you're mentioning, both in verticals and in acceleration of 5 gs and so forth, and also in terms of profitability, do you think those elements of receive wisdom are still correct? Do you think the profitability in other regions will over time match that, that you're seeing in North America? And do you think the industry has another growth cycle ahead of it? Or are we just sort of looking at managing down costs in a relatively flat environment long term? Thanks.
Thanks, Richard. So I think some of that is valid because, yes, it's a mature industry, but when we talk about that, let's think about the primary addressable market for us on an end to end basis. And then, yes, there will always be some markets that are going to be higher margins sort of North America, Japan and so on relative to the others. But over time with pricing excellence and so on, others are also coming up. But again, that difference will remain, right.
Then when it comes to the next cycle of growth in the longer term, 5 gs will be 1. I believe 5 gs with macro and micro and ultra dense will be a new super cycle of growth down the line. And then for us, cable is the first point of diversification. Lots of trials going on after the acquisition of Gainspeed. Revenues could start to come in 2018.
Our products in the IP optics, Nuage, SD WAN, SD for data centers, sort of that whole space plus also software can be sold to verticals, public sector, utilities, technological, extra large enterprises that use technology for competitive advantage and then web scales, right. So we are seeing early momentum in web scales. We are present in web scales, so it's not new. Now we just need to increase the penetration of the web scales with FP4 when that comes and sell some more products. So cable, 5 gs, verticals, web scale and of course the software business that we have.
So for me, those are the growth drivers that should at some point, we should be starting to talk about the primary market plus the adjacencies, which is a total addressable market for Nokia, which will be healthier than the PAM.
The next question comes from Sebastian Sabowitz of Kepler Cheuvreux.
Yes. Hello. One question on optics because the business declined quite rapidly over the last few quarters and some of your competitors like Sienna for instance are growing still nicely. So do you have any specific plans to turn on the business or to introduce new product in order to match customer needs? Thank you.
Thank you for the question. Yes, we have new products in fronthaul, which is basically connecting radio to basebands. There's one there. We have the new cycle of moving to 200 gs and 400 gs will start as well in the future. And of course, webscale for us is new opportunity.
Thank you, Sebastian. Carey, we'll take our next question, please.
The next question comes from Amit Harchandani of Citigroup. Please go ahead.
Good afternoon, everyone. Amit Harchandani from Citi and thanks for taking my questions. A couple, if I may. Firstly, with respect to your applications and analytics business, how should we think about the medium term trajectory there? And if it's moved into a high single digit growth this quarter and how do you think its positioning is shaping up versus your expectations and what are the milestones to watch out for next?
And separately as an unrelated follow-up, could you maybe comment on pricing dynamics in the industry, particularly as Huawei looks to pursue profitability at the expense of all out growth? Thank you.
Thanks, Amit. So first on Application Analytics. So long term, this is a growth business. Even in the service provider space, it's a growth business. It is less price sensitive.
And for us, I think the milestones are a common software foundation. So we want to make sure all of the software products we build on a common software foundation because then you can innovate faster and you get more scale and you get better margin accretion as well. The second thing we're trying to do is renew the sales force that can sell to CIOs and CMOs and that's already happening. You can see the progress in some of the numbers. So the order intake was high, the revenue was up 9%.
The third thing is new forms of pricing models for software because there will be different more education in the sales force. And then finally, increase the attach rate of services and sort of increase margins in services as you attach more services to every product you sell. Those are the milestones to look for. We are quite pleased with the progress in our strategy here. I'm really pleased with what the software team is doing.
On pricing overall in the sector, no change from the time we spoke about it 2 years ago, neutral.
Thank you, Amit. Looks like we have time to take one more question for today. So we'll take our last question for today, Carrie.
Okay. The last question comes from Simon Leopold from Raymond James. Please go ahead.
Great. Thank you for squeezing me in here. Maybe a good way to sort of wrap this up is to talk a little bit about the strategy of
diversifying verticals. In terms of
where you think you're going diversification today. But I'd like to get a better understanding of which diversification today. But I'd like to get a better understanding of which are the biggest verticals and what are your objectives for perhaps 1 to 2 years out. I presume you've already been in cable, but that gets bigger and that this webscale high end enterprise is probably the biggest upside opportunity, but I want to make sure my understanding is reasonable and understand where it can go. Thank you.
Thank you, Simon. So yes, I think the greatest potential for us is in high end enterprise. So these large enterprises, utilities, public sector and clearly webscale. So public sector, mostly it's about LTE for public safety, FirstNet type of deals. So I'd say utilities, public sector, web scale, that package and then software applications analytics.
Okay. So thank you for your great questions today. And now I'd like to turn the call back to Rajeev for closing comments.
Thanks, Matt and Christian, and thanks again to all of you for joining. Let me close by saying that I'm pleased with where we landed with our 2nd quarter results. Not a perfect performance and we know where the gaps are, but I'm confident we are taking the right steps to further accelerate those things that are working well and fix those that are not. Looking ahead, we do see some market headwinds this year that are slightly beyond what we originally expected, but facing such headwinds is nothing new for Nokia. We have shown that we have our hands on the right business levers to adapt as needed, have unique advantages in our powerful portfolio and disciplined operating model and have a consistent focus on creating value.
With that, thank you very much for your time and attention. Matt, back to you.
Ladies and gentlemen, this concludes our conference call. I would like to remind you that during the conference call today, we have made a number of forward looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may therefore differ materially from the results currently expected. Factors that could cause such differences can be both external, such as general economic and industry conditions as well as internal operating factors. We have identified these in more detail on Pages 67 through 85 of our 20 16 Annual Report on Form 20 F, our interim report for Q2 half year twenty seventeen issued today, as well as our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Thank you.
The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect your lines.