Good morning, and welcome to the presentation of our 2026 first half results and business update. It's great to see a number of you here in person today, and thank you to all who have dialed into the webcast too. I will start by giving a brief update, and will then hand over to Fiona, who will cover the results in detail. We will then hold a short Q&A session on the results, followed by a break. At 10:15 A.M., we will reconvene together with our three divisional chief executives for a more detailed update on the business, strategy and market opportunity for each of our divisions, and also share some further detail with you on our current transformation and cost program. There will be plenty of time for additional questions at the end of the business update.
Before we get into the details of the half year results, I'd like to address the publication of a research report yesterday by Viceroy Research. Close Brothers strongly disagrees with the report, which relates to the company's approach to provisioning in respect of motor finance commissions and resulting impact on its capital position. Our provisioning approach in relation to this matter is in accordance with U.K. adopted international accounting standards and follows a robust governance process. It has now been a year since I took on the role as Group Chief Executive. While this year has not been easy, I look back on it with immense pride in the progress made by the organization. We have delivered on our capital actions and substantially strengthened our capital position. Through the Supreme Court, we successfully overturned the Court of Appeal's judgment in respect of the Hopcraft case.
We have addressed legacy issues, simplified the Group, and repositioned the business for growth. We delivered initial GBP 25 million of annualized cost savings in 2025, launched our transformation program, and are now accelerating our cost targets for the next two years. In the first half of this year, the performance of the Group has been resilient, and we have continued to make progress on our strategic agenda to simplify, to optimize and to grow. The simplification of the business is largely complete, with the disposal of Winterflood having concluded in December. We have repositioned the business to focus on our three core lending divisions, where we see a strong and sustainable market opportunity.
Although our performance in the first half has been impacted by both market conditions and the actions taken to reposition, these actions have strengthened the business and laid the foundations for recovery in growth and returns going forward. We have further strengthened our capital position and now have a CET1 ratio of 14.3%. While we are still waiting for the details of the FCA's proposed redress scheme, we are confident that this will leave us well-placed to absorb a range of potential outcomes without impacting on our ability to grow and to invest. In the summer, we re-launched our transformation program, focused on significant cost reduction and streamlining of our historically federated organizational model. We now expect to deliver GBP 25 million of annualized savings in 2026 financial year, ahead of our GBP 20 million target.
We will deliver a total of GBP 60 million of annualized cost savings by the end of 2027, one year earlier than we had previously guided. This sets us firmly on the path to double-digit returns by 2028 and rising thereafter. In today's business update, you will hear directly from each of our CEOs about the market opportunities in each of their areas, underpinning our confidence that we continue to grow at a rate of 5%-10% through the cycle. Before I hand over to Fiona, it is important to acknowledge the broader environment in which we are operating. The macroeconomic outlook remains uncertain, both in the U.K., reflecting interest rate and inflation dynamics, and globally amid heightened geopolitical tensions. We continue to monitor developments closely while maintaining a disciplined focus on execution, risk management and supporting our people.
Against this backdrop, the Group remains well-positioned, underpinned by a resilient balance sheet and clear strategic priorities. I will now hand over to Fiona, who will take you through the first half results.
Thank you, Mike, and good morning, everyone. I'll be taking you through the financials this morning. We reported adjusting operating profit of GBP 65.2 million in the first half of the 2026 financial year and a return on average tangible equity of 6.3%. We've maintained strong capital funding and liquidity positions, and our common equity tier one capital ratio increased 50 basis points to 14.3%, even after taking into account the GBP 135 million additional provision in respect of motor finance commissions. Across Commercial, Retail and Property, we delivered GBP 88 million of adjusted operating profit, reflecting a resilient business performance and our continued focus on cost.
The adjusted operating loss in Group central functions reduced to GBP 22.8 million, with lower legal and professional fees. The loan book reduced 2%, reflecting both current market conditions and the repositioning of our business to focus on core markets. Excluding the repositioning of Premium Finance personal lines and the legacy Republic of Ireland Motor Finance business in run-off, the loan book decreased 1%. Both Motor Finance and Asset Finance grew in the period. The net interest margin was strong at 7.1%, and credit quality remained resilient with a bad debt ratio of 80 basis points. Costs remained broadly flat, demonstrating cost discipline, with savings offsetting inflation and continued reinvestment in our business and growth. Turning now to the income statement.
Adjusted operating income reduced 6% to GBP 327 million, reflecting a lower average loan book, current market conditions, and the repositioning of our business, including the wind down of Novitas and the planned reduction of Premium Finance personal lines. As noted, adjusted operating expenses were broadly flat at GBP 222 million, and impairment charges reduced 16% to GBP 40 million. This benefited from the implementation of an updated IFRS 9 model in Motor Finance , which was partly offset by an increase in individually assessed provisions in the Property division. Overall, adjusted operating profit was down 19% to GBP 65.2 million. The statutory loss after tax, including discontinued operations, was GBP 64.4 million, largely driven by the motor finance commission's provision. The Group will not pay an interim dividend for the 2026 financial year.
As previously stated, the decision to reinstate dividends will be reviewed once there is further clarity on the financial impact of the FCA's review of motor finance commission arrangements. On a statutory basis for our continuing operations, we reported an operating loss before tax of GBP 65.5 million. This was driven by GBP -131 million of adjusting items. This predominantly reflects the additional provision in relation to motor finance commissions of GBP 135 million following the publication of the FCA's consultation paper on the October 7th, 2025, bringing our total provision to GBP 300 million. We are confident that we are well-placed to absorb a range of potential outcomes from the FCA's proposed motor finance commission redress scheme. This provision is based on a range of probability weighted scenarios which were updated following the consultation paper.
The ultimate cost to the Group could be materially higher or lower, depending on the outcome of the consultation and final scheme rules, as well as any further legal, regulatory, or industry developments. We submitted our response to the consultation in December 2025, and the FCA expects to publish the final policy statement in late March. The first half also reflects a GBP 7 million profit from Close Brothers Brewery Rentals Limited, principally reflecting the gain on disposal in August 2025, and a small operating loss of GBP 1.1 million from Close Brothers Vehicle Hire, which is in wind down. We incurred GBP 1.6 million of restructuring costs, primarily relating to redundancy and associated costs.
We now expect to incur around GBP 10 million-GBP 15 million of restructuring costs in the 2026 financial year and GBP 30 million- GBP 40 million in the 2027 financial year as we accelerate our cost reduction activities. Now highlighting the key metrics from across our operating divisions. Firstly, Commercial. Adjusted operating income decreased to GBP 151.2 million, reflecting reductions in loan balances through the wind down of the Novitas book and lower behavioral income in Asset Finance. NIM remained broadly stable at 6.5%. Adjusted operating expenses were broadly flat as increased technology costs and annual staff costs were largely offset by cost savings and non-recurrence of Novitas expenses. Adjusted impairment charges increased to GBP 16.5 million, with the bad debt ratio relatively stable at 70 basis points. Adjusted operating profit for Commercial decreased to GBP 40.7 million. Moving on to Retail.
We've seen good growth in Motor Finance , particularly in Ireland, where we are building out our proposition. We continue to evolve the business mix with the planned reduction in personal lines brokers, and this, combined with premium deflation across the market in Premium Finance, led to a decrease in operating income of 8% to GBP 118.4 million. The NIM decreased to 8.3%, reflecting the change in business mix over the period. Adjusted operating expenses increased 4% to GBP 92.7 million, driven by the scaling of our Motor Finance business in Ireland, as well as additional investment spend to support future cost reduction.
Impairment charges decreased to GBP 8.2 million, and the bad debt ratio reduced to 60 basis points, driven by the implementation of an updated IFRS 9 model, which recognizes the evolving composition and behavior of the Motor Finance book, as well as an improved credit performance in Premium Finance. Overall, adjusted operating profit for Retail increased to GBP 17.5 million. In Property, operating income declined 10% to GBP 61.6 million, driven by reduced loan balances alongside lower fees and interest yields. The net interest margin reduced to 6.8%. Adjusted operating expenses decreased 4% to GBP 17 million, reflecting a reduction in staff costs. Impairment charges increased to GBP 14.8 million, corresponding to a bad debt ratio of 1.6%.
This reflects higher provisions on a small number of individual developments driven by build cost inflation and a subdued sales market. As a reminder, the Property loan book is secured with conservative loan-to-value ratios. Adjusted operating profit in Property declined to GBP 29.8 million. The operating loss from Group central functions reduced by 20% to GBP 22.8 million, reflecting higher interest on Group cash balances as well as the nonrecurrence of legal and professional fees associated with the impact of the FCA's ongoing review. We expect the operating loss from Group central functions to be between GBP 40 million-GBP 50 million for the 2026 financial year. The reduction in income reflects both the conscious repositioning of our business and the impact of recent market conditions on underlying loan book growth and net interest margin.
Specifically, the closure of Novitas and our planned reduction of certain Premium Finance personal loans brokers accounted for around a third of the overall GBP 22 million reduction in income. Despite this, net interest margin across the lending divisions remains robust at 7.1%. We continue to expect NIM to be slightly lower than 7% for the 2026 financial year as a whole, reflecting loan book mix impacts, including the reduction in Premium Finance personal lines and a continued shift towards larger, higher quality customers across our Commercial and Property businesses. Moving to the loan book. The core divisions across our businesses are progressing well, and we have seen good growth in both Motor Finance and Asset Finance. However, the loan book has decreased 2%, reflecting both the repositioning of our business to focus on core markets and current market conditions.
Excluding businesses in run-off, the underlying loan book decreased 1%. Within Commercial, Asset Finance grew 2%, with increases across a number of business lines in the U.K. and Ireland. However, this was more than offset by a contraction in Invoice Finance due to amplified seasonality with elevated customer cash balances at the end of January. This led to an overall decrease of 2% in the Commercial loan book. On an underlying basis, the Retail loan book grew 3%. The underlying Motor Finance loan book grew 5%, helped by record volumes in Ireland, more than offsetting the underlying reduction in the Premium Finance loan book. The Property loan book decreased 5% to GBP 1.8 billion as repayments more than offset drawdowns. This reflects current market conditions as housing delivery remains constrained by planning delays, build cost pressures and labor shortages.
Across the portfolio, we remain focused on maximizing growth opportunities through a combination of core business growth and new initiatives, targeting 5%-10% per annum loan book growth through the cycle. We continue to make good progress on costs, and we are accelerating our cost saving targets, reflecting our ongoing transformation activities. In the first half, adjusted operating expenses were broadly flat at GBP 222 million, reflecting cost discipline offsetting inflationary impacts and continued investment in technology and capabilities across the business. In 2025, we delivered GBP 25 million of annualized cost savings and guided to at least GBP 20 million of savings per annum in each of the following three years for a total of GBP 60 million.
We now expect to deliver circa GBP 25 million of annualized savings in the 2026 financial year ahead of our initial GBP 20 million target, and we expect to deliver the full GBP 60 million of annualized savings by the end of the 2027 financial year, one year ahead of our earlier guidance. This is in addition to the GBP 25 million already delivered in 2025. We expect the Group's adjusted operating expenses to be circa GBP 450 million in the 2026 financial year and in the GBP 410 million-GBP 430 million range in the 2028 financial year. We look forward to providing further detail on our transformation and cost savings initiatives in the business update session later this morning. Turning now to our resilient credit performance.
The bad debt ratio reduced to 80 basis points in the first half, with an overall impairment charge of GBP 40 million. As I mentioned earlier, the reduced impairment charge benefited from the implementation of an updated IFRS 9 model in Motor Finance , partly offset by an increase in individually assessed provisions in Property. Overall, provision coverage remained unchanged at 2.6%. We remain confident in the quality of our loan book, which is predominantly secured or structurally protected, prudently underwritten, diverse and supported by the deep expertise of our people. Looking forward, we expect the bad debt ratio for the 2026 financial year to remain below our long-term average of 1.2%. The Group maintained a strong balance sheet and continues to take a prudent approach to managing its financial resources while also looking to optimize balance sheet efficiency.
During the recent uncertainty regarding the outcome of the FCA's review of historical motor finance commission arrangements, we have consistently maintained an elevated level of liquidity, which we have now begun to normalize. Accordingly, treasury assets reduced 20% to GBP 2.2 billion in the first half. Our conservative stance on liquidity ensures it remains comfortably ahead of both internal risk appetite and regulatory requirements. Our funding base is diverse across wholesale markets and both retail and non-retail deposits. We have reduced total funding in the first half, reflecting lower liquidity balances and further optimization of the level and pricing of retail deposits.
The cost of funding reduced to 4.9%, primarily reflecting lower base rate in the period. We have maintained a prudent maturity profile with the average maturity of funding allocated to the loan book at 18 months ahead of the average loan book maturity at 15 months. In line with our prudent and conservative approach, our deposits are predominantly term, with only 19% of deposits available on demand and 47% having at least 3 months to maturity. Our credit ratings remain robust, reflecting our inherent financial strength and consistent risk appetite. Finally, before I hand back to Mike, turning to our strong capital position.
The CET1 capital ratio increased from 13.8% - 14.3% as the additional GBP 135 million provision in relation to motor finance commission was more than offset by a reduction in loan book RWAs, the recognition of other profits attributable to shareholders, and the sale of Winterflood. This provides significant headroom to our minimum requirement of 9.7%, leaving us well-placed to absorb a range of potential outcomes from the motor finance commission's redress scheme without impacting our ability to grow and invest in the business. Based on the current assessment of our motor finance commission's provision, we expect to maintain our CET1 capital ratio above our medium-term target range of 12%-13% in the near term.
The leverage ratio, which is a transparent measure of capital strength, not affected by risk ratings, also increased to 13.5%. The implementation of Basel 3.1 takes effect from January 1, 2027. We now expect this to result in an increase in the Group's RWAs of less than 10%, and we expect to receive a full offset in Pillar 2a requirements for the removal of the SME supporting factor. Therefore, Basel 3.1 is not expected to have a significant impact on the Group's overall capital headroom position. As reported in our full year 2025 results, engagement with the regulator continues following our application in December 2020 to transition to the IRB approach, and we continue to make progress towards phase three of the application process.
Finally, to highlight, after the period end, we issued GBP 250 million of Tier 2 notes accompanied by a related tender, demonstrating our ability to access the market. In conclusion, I want to reiterate that our underlying performance was resilient, our financial position remains strong, and we have a clear focus and commitment on reducing cost, growing the business, and returning to a double-digit RoTE, which we will cover in more detail in our business update shortly. Thank you. I'll now hand back over to Mike.
Thank you, Fiona. In summary, notwithstanding current market conditions, performance in the first half has been resilient and our core business remains strong. We have strengthened our capital position and are well-placed to absorb a range of outcomes from the FCA's final redress scheme. We've initiated our transformation program and accelerated our cost savings targets for this year and next, and have a clear strategy to rebuild returns over the next three years. Simplify, optimize, and grow. The team and I look forward to sharing more detail on our business and strategic priorities after the break. Before that, I'd like to open the floor to any questions related to the first half results. We'll obviously have a Q&A session on the business update following that. But if you'd like to ask a question, please raise your hand and we will provide you with a microphone.
Please, can you state your name and company when asking a question? We're also happy to take questions via the webcast. Thank you.
Okay, Mike.
Ben, you are, I think, first up.
Morning. It's working? Yeah. Ben Toms from RBC. Thanks for taking my questions and for the presentation. The first is more of an observation which maybe I invite you to comment on, if you're able to. That's in relation to the Viceroy report that was published yesterday. It seems riddled with modeling inaccuracies, including assuming all your loan book is originated in the U.K., assuming that all your loan book is Retail rather than Commercial, and assuming an average loan balance that is outstanding rather than origination, and assuming no tax shield. Can you comment on any of those observations? Secondly, on costs. You've accelerated your cost plan with today's results. Is there any upside to that GBP 410 million-GBP 430 million FY 2028 guidance for costs given that you've accelerated the plan? Thank you.
Thank you. Thank you for the questions, Ben. Yeah, in terms of Viceroy, clearly the report came out yesterday afternoon. We put out a very strong statement last night that we disagree with the report. Our provision is put together in accordance with international accounting standards. There is a strong governance that sits around that. What I won't do is get drawn into individual numbers within there, but we disagree with the report. I'll leave it at that, Ben. In terms of costs, in terms of upside, I mean, we'll be going through a lot more of this in the business update. I think what I would say is that we've accelerated the targets forward.
You've seen the GBP 20 million going to GBP 25 million for this year, and then we've said over the three-year period, we'll bring the 60 forward from three years to two years. That's encouraging, but you know, I wouldn't want anyone to take away that that's it, and we're going to stop. We're going to continue to look at that. Importantly, we'll also look at growth as well. This is a two-faceted, and growth is just as important as well, but obviously cost is within our gift. We will continue to push on cost. I think it presents opportunities, and we can talk a little bit more about that in the next session. Our ambition is to push further forward, yes. Sorry. Rob
Morning. It's Rob Noble at Deutsche Bank. You generated an enormous amount of underlying capital in Q2. How much do you think you can generate in H2? Within that, what's the risk density of the stuff that's rolling off versus the new stuff that you're putting on? What can we think of capital generation in the second half? Hypothetically, if you did need to raise more capital, what options are there available to you? How much could you raise through things like SRT securitizations and things like that if it ever was needed? Thank you.
Thank you. Thank you for the question. Just in terms of capital generation, I'll talk more generally, and then Fiona may want to comment on that. You're absolutely right. Capital has grown quite significantly. I mean, remember that we've had Winterflood's, the sale come through, so we've had the benefit of that, which I think is 55 basis points coming through as well. With the loan book just pushing back a little bit, that's obviously been beneficial for capital build. I think my point would be that at 14.3% we've got ample above the 9.7%. I think when you're looking at the sort of runoff and the way we want to grow the business, it'd be pretty balanced across the piece.
If you're loosely looking at that, your Retail is sort of 75%, Commercial 100%, but obviously there might be an SME discount factor for the time being. Property obviously is 150% risk weighting. If we saw that push on significantly, then that would have a greater effect there. I don't know if you want to build on that capital point at all.
Yes. Thanks, thank you, Mike. I guess a couple of call-outs there. One is that as you'd expect, we will continue to generate profits in the second half, towards accreting capital. Actually, and to Mike's point, what we really want to see that, capital deployed on is loan book growth. We're not guiding from 14.3% at half one to the full year. Actually, if our loan book growth was there consuming capital over and above the profits generated, that would actually be a positive, you know, a positive outcome for us and a positive message. To Mike's point on risk densities, they are quite different across the different businesses.
If we look at the shape of the businesses and the growth, I would actually say that the risk density of the roll-off and the new business is not dissimilar in aggregate. It's a similar picture.
To the second part of the question, Rob, around raising more capital, yes, SRT is a good example. We talked about that at the time as an opportunity. We didn't have to use that because we'd built that up. That would be one factor. We've also engaged with the British Business Bank around the ENABLE programmes. There's an opportunity there to get a relatively relative capital benefit coming through there. You would have to just dial the loan book growth back, which is where we would start to be a little bit more concerned. You can see that if you slow the loan book down because of the risk weighting density, it throws capital off pretty quickly. That last one would be something we wouldn't particularly want to do.
If it was required, as we have done over the last two or three years, it does make quite a meaningful difference. It's really the SRT would help. I don't envisage a situation where we'll have to do that.
Yes.
I think Sanjena,
Good morning. Sanjena Dadawala from UBS. Two questions, please. First, if you could talk about the loan book reduction that we are seeing. Is there an element of capital conservation still in there? Because the final motor assets number could be higher or a decline in market share since sector-level growth is much higher. How we can get to the 5%-10% that you're targeting will be key to the income and RoTE recovery. Second, if you could give more detail around the GBP 60 million annualized savings number. How much of that is staff cost? What are the other major elements? And any proportions? The resultant cost income ratio of 60% is pretty much where we were pre-2020, so how are you thinking about that?
Okay. Let me pick that up and I'll draw Fiona in as well. In terms of the loan book, in the first half, we obviously, the headline figure was a 2% reduction there. 1% on an underlying basis as we reposition personal lines. I think if you look within there, we saw very good growth in our motor business, which was very encouraging. That's a 5% growth there. Asset Finance grew at 2%. If you look at the other businesses, if you say take Property, I think it's recognized that there are some challenges in that sector in the U.K. at the moment. We know there is a structural need for the products that we are financing through our developers or through developers. I'm very confident that can come back. Also we've moved into.
We've brought a team across from another organization that's allowed us to go into build to rent student accommodation, and there seems to be, to me, a big demand there. You'll hear more about that from Phil, so I won't go into that in any more detail. Invoice Finance is a very seasonal book. It builds up to Christmas period, and we always see a lot of repayment in January. It was particularly pronounced this year. But, you know, I'm pleased to say that has started to come back since the mid-year position. I have no concerns about the invoice book. Over the last few years, it has grown dramatically. Again, Matt will talk about that in the business update. Then, of course, we're in the Commercial lines.
In Premium, I think there's opportunities for us to grow there, and that's one we really need to sort of push on with. We'll talk about all of those in the business update session. I think if we stand back and just look at where we are from a loan book perspective, if you look at the banking sector, at one end, you've got those large scale high street banks. At the other end, you've got the sort of fintechs, which are much more digital in nature, more standardized. I mean, it's yet to be proven the case whether they're resilient. We have deliberately positioned ourselves where we can bring our specialisms, our expertise, our knowledge, and our relationships, and we believe that there is still a huge demand for that.
We believe it's underserved. We're pretty dominant in the markets we're at, but we believe we can grow in there as well. If you actually look back over any extended period, that loan book has grown at a compound annual growth rate of 9%. I don't think setting a sort of target through the cycle of 5%-10% is overly challenging. We're not talking double digit or anything like that. You know, I think that is very achievable. That is what I would say on the loan book. The GBP 60 million annualized savings, we're gonna go on and talk quite a lot about that in the business update. Maybe we could pick that up there if that's okay for you.
You know, clearly a combination of this around cost income. You know, we would want to see that come down. I mean, it's a multifaceted this. It's about the growth that's important, but it's also about cost as well, and we want to see that drive down. That obviously is gonna help with the returns. I don't know if there's anything you want to add to that at all.
Yeah. Maybe just one build to join those two elements together. Mike's talked about that loan book growth and the cost reduction. Importantly, this is more than just about cost reduction. It is actually about a fundamental change to our operating model to drive support scalability and to drive that loan book growth. We're very much seeing that as a sort of spectrum of the change that we're doing and a very different platform for us as we move forward. As you say, in terms of the splits of the 60, we'll be talking more about that later.
Okay, thank you. I think we have a webcast question.
Thank you. We've got time for one webcast question before we go to the break. With cost savings targeting the acceleration of GBP 60 million to 2027 and significant headcount reductions announced, how are you ensuring that customer service quality, risk management, and regulatory controls are not compromised during execution?
Actually, I mean, that's a great question. I mean, what is fundamental for us is that as we look at the cost base in the organization and as we make changes, we protect that front-end proposition, and we keep this organization safe. It is fundamental to our thinking in doing this. You know, we have a net interest margin in the first half, as Fiona's just explained, of 7.1%. It is important we can maintain that, and we only maintain that through providing excellent service, expertise. That is what underpins that. Equally, we have to keep the organization safe as well. There's a blend of those two things that we work towards. That's fundamental in our thinking.
You know, I'd leave it there, but there will be more on that as we move into the business update. Okay. Well, I think that's all the questions. Thank you very much for the business update. We'll take a short break now, and we'll be back at 10:15 A.M. to get into the business update. Thank you very much indeed. Good morning, and welcome to our business update presentation. I'm Mike Morgan, Group Chief Executive, and I'm delighted to be joined by Fiona McCarthy, Group CFO, Matt Roper, Chief Executive of Commercial, Ian Cowie, Chief Executive of Retail, and Phil Hooper, Chief Executive of Property. The purpose of today's presentation is to provide further detail on the Group's current strategy and our path back to double-digit returns by 2028 and rising thereafter.
I will start with a brief introduction covering our strategic priorities with particular focus on our transformation and cost savings activity. We will look at each of our three businesses in detail. Matt will provide an update on the Commercial division, focusing on the differentiation and market opportunity for his business. Ian will present the Retail division and the strategic reset that is underway for both the Premium and Motor Finance business. Phil will share more detail on the Property business and how we are expanding our product offering to tap into additional demand. Finally, Fiona will discuss the financial outlook for the Group, including further detail on our ongoing cost initiatives and targets. This will be followed by plenty of time for Q&A at the end of the presentation. Close Brothers has a long and successful history as a diversified specialist banking Group.
Over time, the growth of the business and a federated structure created complexity, and complexity diluted returns. Over the past year, we have been very deliberate in reversing that, simplifying the Group, sharpening our focus, and concentrating on areas where we have real competitive strength. What that means is a clearer, more coherent Close Brothers with a strategy built around discipline and sustainable returns. Today, we are a simpler Group focused exclusively on specialist lending through our three divisions, Commercial, Retail, and Property. The U.K. banking market is more competitive than ever, but it's also more polarized. At one end are large scale driven banks. At the other, digital challengers focused on speed and standardization. Close Brothers sits deliberately in a different place.
We focus on specialist sectors where we have real expertise and where we can differentiate through the service and relationships we provide to our customers. That differentiation is the result of careful choices about where we operate, how we serve our customers, supporting SMEs, property professionals, and individuals in parts of the economy that are often underserved by larger, more standardized lenders. We currently serve approximately 2 million customers with a loan book of GBP 9.2 billion at the end of January. Last year alone, we lent GBP 7 billion into the U.K. economy, making a real difference to the businesses and consumers we serve. While the shape of the Group has changed, the fundamentals of the business model have not. We have a clear purpose to help people and businesses thrive, and the key aspects of our business model have remained unchanged for many years.
These are disciplined pricing and underwriting, which remains consistent through the economic cycle. The prudent management of our financial resources, including capital, funding, and liquidity. A genuinely customer-centric approach, recognizing the value of relationships. A conservative risk appetite. The diversification and specialism of our banking businesses, and most importantly, our culture, which is characterized by deep expertise, consistent service, and long-term relationships. The business is currently undergoing a period of significant transformation with fundamental shifts to our operating model. In effecting this change, our guiding principle is to maintain and enhance the key differentiators, which are valued by our customers and clients and are why we win business. Customers deal with us because they value the relationship-led expert service we provide, delivered by around 700 frontline colleagues. Customers trust us and value our consistency and reliability.
We commit to lending through the cycle and supporting our customers through the difficult times and the good ones. They value the speed and ease with which they can do business with us, and this is an area where we are continuing to develop and invest in. As the prevalence of digital solutions is increasing the pace of change in the marketplace. They value our genuine customer centricity and deep understanding of their needs, which we'll come across in some of the video testimonials we look forward to sharing with you today. All of this is reflected in consistently strong customer sentiment scores across our businesses. It's clear to me that our business rests on very strong foundations with an excellent customer reputation and clear differentiation. However, since taking on the role as chief executive, I've been equally clear that our returns are not where they need to be.
A combination of external factors, internal challenges, and a rising cost base have intensified the need for fundamental change. A year ago, I set out clear strategic priorities. Simplify, optimize, and grow. The simplify leg of our strategy is largely complete. By selling CBAM, Winterflood, and Brewery Rentals, exiting vehicle hire, and concentrating on our higher value commercial brokers in Premium, we have simplified the Group and refocused on our core markets where we can deliver strong returns and grow. We're now firmly into the optimization stage, and I will share further details of our transformation and cost savings activities in the following slides. We're equally committed to building on our track record of growth. In today's presentation, you will hear directly from each of our three business CEOs about the opportunities in each of their areas.
Taken together, I'm confident that this strategy sets us on a clear path to delivering double-digit returns by the 2028 financial year and rising thereafter. Fiona will talk through this in more detail later in the presentation. First, I would like to touch on the operational changes and cost savings that we are making as a Group. Our ongoing transformation program is focused on enhancing our competitiveness, our resilience, and cost efficiency through a fundamental reshaping of our operating model. Over recent months, we have undertaken a detailed bottom-up exercise to define this new operating model, which will centralize and consolidate our historically federated structure to reduce cost and improve scalability. We will also significantly increase the use of outsourcing and offshoring, where specialist partners can deliver more efficiently.
We already use outsourcing in a number of our technology and customer service operations and have been working closely with potential partners to expand these services to additional areas. This is not a transformation program reliant on a major technology investment and bank-wide systems replacement. It will, however, mean reshaping our workforce. Overall, we expect to reduce our headcount across both business units and central functions by around 600, resulting in a total headcount of around 2,000 FTEs by the 2028 financial year. While the impact on affected colleagues is regrettable, these changes are necessary to structurally lower our cost base and make us more competitive in a market that has become more digital and more demanding of operational excellence. Critically, the actions we're taking will protect our differentiators and our distinctive culture with service, expertise, and relationships remaining at the heart of our organization.
You'll recall in September, we committed to delivering at least GBP 20 million of annualized cost savings in each of the three years to July 2028. We have now accelerated these plans and expect to deliver around GBP 25 million in cost savings this year instead of GBP 20 million. On all of the circa GBP 60 million savings by July 2027 rather than 2028. While this represents a significant amount of change, we are confident that these savings are achievable and have detailed plans for their implementation over the next 18 months. Our ambition does not stop there, and we're continuing to assess further cost reduction opportunities, including deployment at scale of automation and AI. We're moving from a historically complex organization to one that is more coherent, more scalable, and better able to serve customers while improving returns.
Our current organization consists of over 25 specialist lending businesses, each with their own localized operations. We have a high reliance on manual processes, a complex and fragmented IT estate, and predominantly manual underwriting. All of this is supported by around 2,600 employees across 31 locations in the U.K. and in Ireland. We plan to further simplify our structure by consolidating the number of businesses and reducing management layers. We will also make increased use of shared services, standardizing common operational processes while retaining strong customer focus at the front end. We will be leveraging partners to accelerate our use of automation using best-in-class expertise and technology and use AI as a strategic enabler to improve efficiency and enhance customer experience. We will extend our use of automated underwriting to include smaller credits for Commercial.
What will not change is the differentiated customer proposition built on the expertise of our people, speed of service, and long-term relationships. Automation and AI are important enablers for our optimization agenda. They allow us to remove manual processes, improve efficiency and consistency, and support a more scalable operating model while preserving the judgment and relationships that define our business. This is a practical use of technology focused on cost reduction, customer experience, and ultimately improved returns. We have already begun deploying AI across the business with early use cases such as complaints management and fraud detection, demonstrating strong potential. We're also using it to quality assure and improve the service provided by our outsource partners. Over the last six months, we have identified 150 potential use cases and opportunities across our businesses and functions.
We will prioritize the deployment of the most value-adding uses with low to medium complexity, which deliver immediate tangible benefits while operating safely within our established risk appetite. This ensures we move at pace without introducing unnecessary operational or regulatory risk, and you will hear some further examples from the businesses shortly. In addition, we have enrolled 160 of our employees on AI apprenticeship scheme to upskill our workforce and strengthen these capabilities within the business. We're working through the opportunities that AI and automation present, but deployment at scale is not included in the numbers that you will see today. Turning to growth. Through our simplification agenda, we have deliberately repositioned the Group to focus on markets where we have strong competitive positions and clear opportunities to generate attractive, sustainable returns.
We have a long track record of growing through the cycle, underpinned by disciplined underwriting, deep customer relationships, and specialist expertise. While recent loan book growth has been impacted both by current market conditions and the repositioning of our business, the fundamentals of our market remain attractive and all of our businesses have the capacity to grow. Looking ahead, we see meaningful opportunity to deliver growth of 5%-10% per annum through the cycle, driven by a combination of organic expansion in our core franchises and selectively broadening our product offering, all while maintaining our conservative approach to risk. Before I hand over to the businesses, I want to be very clear about what this all comes back to.
Since stepping into the role, I've been explicit that returning Close Brothers to double-digit RoTE by 2028 is my core commitment, and everything you are hearing this morning is designed to support that outcome. Simplification has been about making hard choices, reshaping the Group, reducing complexity, and focusing capital on businesses where we can earn attractive returns. Optimization is about delivery, putting in place a lower cost, more scalable operating model that creates operating leverage while maintaining the service, expertise, and relationships that define the Group. Growth built on those foundations is disciplined and value accretive, deploying capital selectively through the cycles in markets we know well. We have chosen to be in three distinct operating divisions, which we believe can deliver attractive, sustainable returns.
The aim of this is to update to give you greater insight into these businesses and the growth opportunities for the markets in which they operate. What you will hear now from Matt, Ian, and Phil is how each of their businesses is executing the Group strategy through sharper focus, better efficiency, and disciplined growth, and together, how they underpin my confidence in delivering double-digit RoTE for the Group. I will now hand over to Matt to talk about Commercial.
Thank you, Mike. Good morning, everyone. I'm Matt Roper, CEO of Close Brothers Commercial division, and I'm really pleased to take you through an overview of the business, the markets we operate in, how we differentiate ourselves, and our medium-term strategy. First, a brief personal introduction. A chartered accountant by profession, I've spent almost 20 years in banking, where I've held senior risk management roles for Barclays in South Africa and the U.K., including global head of SME underwriting and in business leadership for Close Brothers. First, as CEO of Invoice and Speciality Finance, and since August 2023, leading Commercial. Commercial is a specialist SME and corporate lending business. We have 800 expert colleagues, 28,000 customers, and a loan book of GBP 4.6 billion.
In the last financial year, a net interest margin of 6.4%. Bad debt of 50 basis points and a 60% expense income ratio delivered divisional profits of GBP 96 million. NIM and bad debt are strong, and we are focused on reducing our costs in order to improve our returns. Today, we operate the largest Asset Finance and Invoice Finance franchises in the U.K. and Ireland outside of the clearing banks. We support a wide range of customers with facilities ranging from GBP 5,000 to over GBP 100 million. Asset Finance supports customers with capital investment and funds predominantly hard assets. Our distribution model is approximately 2/3 direct, one-third intermediated, and our average loan size is around GBP 50,000.
Invoice Finance focuses on working capital, and we deploy one of the widest asset-based lending product suites in the market to provide flexible liquidity and cash flow solutions. Although we work with a wide range of intermediaries in Invoice Finance, actual distribution happens almost exclusively through our direct channel. Our average ticket size is around GBP 600 thousand. Our track record is strong and consistent. Over more than 15 years, we've delivered sustained book growth and profits, both organically and through acquisitions, at margins well above the industry average with low bad debt, demonstrating that our Premium is based on service rather than risk. We grew particularly rapidly from July 2020 to July 2022, when the book grew from GBP 3 billion- GBP 4.5+ billion.
Capital constraints in financial year 2024 forced us to slow lending, and the loss of momentum impacted financial year 2025 as well. First half performance this year has been impacted by lower utilization and amplified seasonality in Invoice Finance. Second half performance is typically stronger, and based on new business volumes in February and March, we are confident that the Commercial book will return to growth by the end of the year. Pre-2020 NIM is somewhat flattered by the inclusion of income from products we no longer sell, such as insurance, and a lending market characterized by low liquidity and low risk appetite. In recent years, NIM has been impacted by the sharp rise in interest rates post-COVID, as well as a change in the mix of our loan book, as we have started writing larger deals which are typically better credit quality but attract finer margins.
We expect NIM to hold at around 6% in the future. Bad debt has held steady between 50 and 100 basis points for many years, apart from in 2020 due to the market disruption caused by COVID. One of the key drivers of our low bad debt is our core tenet that we are a predominantly secured lender. Our loan book today is as diverse as the U.K. and Irish economies, with a good spread of fixed and movable assets, equipment, vehicles, agricultural machinery, specialized assets, and everything else you can think of, from dentist's chairs to wind turbines. In every asset class that we fund, we have experts with deep knowledge and experience. We manage concentration risk through appropriate asset and sector appetite caps and ensure that our loan book remains well-aligned to U.K. PLC.
In supporting U.K. PLC, we win because we combine product and sector expertise, deep relationships and high touch service, and have been doing so for over 40 years. Many of our customer and intermediary relationships go back many years and were built or enhanced during periods of extreme market disruption, such as the global financial crisis, during which we supported businesses so strongly that we doubled the size of our loan book. One of our biggest differentiators is our team. Of the 800 colleagues in Commercial, over 400 are in the front line, and of those, over 180 are in our direct sales force. Most lenders in the market now rely solely on intermediaries. We value our intermediaries highly, and we have a thriving intermediary business.
Our direct channel allows us to build deeper relationships, understand customer needs in more detail, and ultimately generate better margins. Of the GBP 2 billion of new business that we write annually, over 60% is sourced by our direct team. These sales colleagues are experts in the asset classes they work with, as are those working in underwriting, operations, and collections. This expertise is a key reason for our strong customer satisfaction scores, which are consistently above 85%. Our chosen markets are fundamentally attractive. Across the U.K. and Ireland, there are hundreds of thousands of SMEs utilizing close to GBP 60 billion of Asset and Invoice Finance to fulfill their financial needs, from day-to-day working capital to long-term strategic investment. Both of these markets have been stable and have grown steadily for many years.
We have market share of around 4% in Asset Finance and around 6% in Invoice Finance. The competitive landscape is shifting in ways that play directly to our strengths. High street lenders continue to pull back from both Invoice Finance and Asset Finance. They are increasingly steering SMEs towards generic digital-first journeys with bespoke solutions reserved only for larger corporate clients. Fintechs, on the other hand, have slick technology but lack the balance sheet strength, product breadth, and expertise to deal with anything beyond vanilla needs. Importantly, they have never been tested in a credit downturn, so their resilience is unknown. Our opportunity lies in the space between the tens of thousands of SMEs looking for an enduring relationship with their lender through the cycle for expert understanding of their sector and for professional, dependable service. That's exactly where Close Brothers has always competed and won.
To demonstrate the strength of our proposition and how valuable it is to customers, I'd like to introduce you to the chairman and chief investment officer of one of our largest customers, Twenty20 Capital.
My name is Tristan Ramus. I'm the chairman and principal founder of Twenty20 Capital Limited. Over the last four years, the business has grown incredibly with the partnership that we have created with Close Brothers.
My name is Jamie Webb, and I'm the Chief Investment Officer at Twenty20 Capital. Twenty20 Capital have done a number of deals that have been supported by Close Brothers. We completed the last deal for the Cordant Group with the support of Close Brothers within six weeks. Cordant Group provides workforce-based solutions to a huge number of blue chip clients. Close Brothers were involved from the start. They worked with us and were able to provide a GBP 55 million ABL facility to enable us to acquire the Group.
We've beaten all expectations, and I think that's, again, testimony to the relationship we have with Close Brothers that we have thrived through a really ambitious turnaround. Twenty20 Capital is one of the largest employers that you've probably never heard of. We are currently paying around 100,000 people a week, and Close Brothers are responsible for being able to allow us to meet that payroll cost.
They have been very professional, very agile, very rapid, very supportive. Communication levels have been outstanding.
Twenty20 are very lucky to have Close Brothers as a partner.
What Tristan and Jamie describe so eloquently is our customer proposition and the three timeless foundations on which it is built, relationships, service, and expertise. While these foundations remain as relevant today as they were 40 years ago, the market is, of course, evolving, and we are too. The aim is clear. To ensure we remain the lender of choice for both U.K. and Irish businesses, continue to be an aspirational and engaging place for colleagues to build careers, and deliver attractive and sustainable returns for shareholders. However, our costs are too high, so we are focused on reducing our Efficiency Ratio in order to improve returns. We are already seeing the benefit of simplifying the division to sharpen focus and improve efficiency. Last year, we agreed settlements with the remaining insurers of Novitas and closed out all remaining customer loans.
We disposed of brewery rentals and placed vehicle hire into rundown. These full-service logistics businesses are not aligned to our strategy. We exited subscale products that do not meet our strategic or return thresholds, including insurance distribution, block discounting, and certain broker structures. We are also optimizing the division from front to back. We have made significant changes to leadership structures, particularly in Asset Finance. Over the last two years, this has allowed us to remove over 60 roles, equating to over GBP 10 million in annual costs. We see further opportunities in these areas. We are standardizing processes for operations, underwriting, and collections across the division. As we do so, we will enhance rather than compromise our key differentiators of relationships, service, and expertise. We have created a collections shared service and are exploring similar solutions for operations and underwriting.
These changes will give us consistency, efficiency, and scale. We have invested heavily in technology in recent years. We have fully re-platformed the entire Asset Finance business and in-housed the core banking platform in Invoice Finance. This gives us a modern, adaptable backbone that we are now leveraging to automate processes. We have credit auto decisioning live in Asset Finance, currently for certain classes of small ticket, straightforward transactions. This shortens decision time from hours to minutes, materially improving customer and broker experience while allowing our underwriters to focus their expertise on more complex cases. Over time, we will expand the scope as the models mature. In parallel, we are rolling out AI-generated credit proposal drafting, which synthesizes internal and external data into a high-quality first draft credit paper.
This significantly reduces manual effort, reducing a two-day activity to two hours, and makes our experts more valuable by allowing them to look beyond the numbers and focus on understanding our customers more deeply. We continue to automate other processes using a combination of workflow improvements, straight-through processing, and targeted AI deployments. Taken together, these initiatives improve customer experience, reduce cost, increase consistency, and support scale. Our growth strategy focuses on the areas where our strengths most clearly intersect with market opportunity. In Invoice Finance, ABL, there is clear opportunity to continue to take market share as the big banks retrench. We have strengthened our team with more corporate experience and built mid-market leveraged finance capability. We have enhanced our credit terms, particularly around cash flow loans and ancillary assets, allowing us to support more customers with appropriate lending structures.
This loan book has grown by around GBP 400 million over the last five years, and we believe that we can continue to grow it at between 5% and 10% per annum. In Asset Finance, we will grow our core direct business in the U.K. and Ireland at around 5% annually. Our other key growth engines are specialist areas such as energy, aviation and marine, and wholesale fleet, all of which we expect to grow by 5%-10% annually. In 2024, we simplified and relaunched our broker proposition to an exceptionally positive reception, proven by the fact that the loan book is up by more than GBP 50 million, which is more than 20% year to date. We expect growth of around 10% per year in this business. New product development, such as Commercial mortgages, is a key growth lever as well.
This is a market of significant scale where customers have been asking us for support for some time, and where our relationship-led proposition fits extremely well. Our opportunity here is to build a book in the hundreds of millions. Across both Invoice and Asset Finance, we continue to successfully partner with the British Business Bank to deliver the Growth Guarantee Scheme to our customers. New business of GBP 140 million over the last 12 months. We have also recently agreed an ENABLE facility with the British Business Bank, which frees up capital to support further small business lending. In summary, Commercial is a resilient specialist business with leading market positions in both Asset and Invoice Finance.
With 40 years of successful growth and delivery behind us, we are now positioning the business for the next decade with sharper focus, a more scalable operating model, and the technology to underpin disciplined high-quality growth. Together, these changes will materially enhance our efficiency, deepen our competitive differentiation, and deliver meaningful improvement in returns in support of the bank's goal of double-digit RoTE by financial year 2028 with further improvement beyond. Thank you. I'll now hand over to Ian.
Thanks, Matt. Good morning, everyone. I'm Ian Cowie, and I joined Close Brothers a little over two years ago and have responsibility for leading the Retail division. Prior to Close Brothers, I spent 20 years at NatWest, 18 years at RBS, and four and half years at Shawbrook, three of which as the CEO. Today, I'll provide an overview of the industry challenges we've navigated over the past couple of years and our own place in those markets where we see opportunities to grow our existing relationships and forge new ones. I'll cover the strategic actions underpinning our growth plans and the progress made on our cost out initiatives. The Retail businesses are made up of three distinct franchises. Motor, established in 1988, helps customers in the U.K. and Ireland purchase vehicles by providing affordable structured finance.
Premium, established in 1977, where we support businesses and consumers to fund their insurance premiums, and Savings, where we provide a safe and attractive home for consumer and business deposits. Geographically, both Motor and Premium operate across the U.K. and Ireland, and in Motor, there's an additional presence in the Channel Islands. Both operate in an intermediated market and therefore a key part of the business model is to relationship manage these intermediaries, as ultimately they largely determine the flow of businesses to us. These may be finance brokers, motor dealerships, or insurance brokers, but our lending is not limited to consumers via dealer and broker channels. We also lend directly to these car dealerships, SME corporate insurance brokers, and their clients.
Examples might be dealer funding loans to facilitate vehicle stocking or to fund one-off large insurance payments for corporates in the U.K. to assist with their working capital. As you can see, the Retail business has a strong growth trajectory through the cycle. The lending businesses are characterized as high margin, specialist intermediated franchises. In the 2025 financial year, the Retail NIM was strong at 8.3% and in line with the long-term trend, with both businesses performing well, reflecting consistent pricing controls in a rising rate environment. Bad debt has consistently held at broadly 1.5% in recent years, with prudent and stable underwriting across both businesses.
Our partnership approach is key to how we win and underpins how we differentiate ourselves across the retail markets. As such, our success is built upon these strong relationships with our intermediary partners and our reputation for being ever present throughout the cycle in a market where we have an established brand and a strong following. We share pioneering market and business data to help our partners grow their business and meet customer needs, delivered with a personal touch and expertise they can trust and a level of consistency which breeds confidence. While we've continued to evolve, leveraging new technologies and capabilities to optimize our business, we still understand the value and importance of a personal face-to-face relationship delivered through our sales and support teams. For the motor book, our primary focus is on used cars.
Looking at the FLA statistics in 2025, Close Brothers Motor Finance U.K. held a 3% market share of the used car finance market. For the Irish motor business, this was 11.5%, up from 8.5% in 2024. This chart shows that the point of sale car market in the U.K. was slightly larger by value for new cars in 2025. However, one of the reasons we concentrate on the used car market is the transaction volume is estimated to be about 4 times greater because of the churn rate of used cars, and the market is expected to grow by 3% throughout 2026. Considering broader market conditions, with the imminent announcement of the FCA motor finance commission Review, there is potential for new opportunities should certain lenders choose to withdraw from the market.
In recent months, we've seen Secure Trust exit the U.K. and Black Horse exiting the Channel Islands. Across motor, we work with 3,400 dealers and brokers in the U.K. and a further 450 in Ireland, ranging from small independent dealerships to multinational finance brokers. Motor Finance remains highly competitive, fueled by strong growth in digital channels. As consumer behavior and the dealer expectations have shifted, we've diversified our origination model, moving from a predominantly dealer route to a mix that now includes brokers and commercial partners. Traditional dealers remain our core, but around 40% of volumes in the U.K. and 25% in Ireland now come through non-dealer channels. Hence our approach to be where the consumer chooses finance.
In Premium Finance, we support customers to fund their insurance premiums for home, motor, and business insurance, typically spread over a 10-month period. Just like Motor Finance , this is a necessary and critical product line that fulfills an important need for consumers and businesses. The customer base is a combination of consumers and SMEs that either can't afford to pay the premium in one lump sum or choose to spread the payment over an agreed period to ease cash flow or unlock capital investment. As the Premium Finance market has evolved, the competitive landscape has remained broadly stable, with only a small number of specialist providers operating at meaningful scale. The market remains characterized by long-term contracts and multi-year agreements, of which we command a considerable amount.
These arrangements support strong retention and provide stability for lenders, and it's here in these highly attractive portfolios that we see strong risk-adjusted returns and higher value opportunities. On the February 3rd, 2026 the FCA released the market study review into Premium Finance. We believe the conclusions reached by the FCA are both helpful to us and to the market and are pleased with the stability it brings to the Premium Finance landscape, which is a testament to the valuable role that the product and the market play for consumers. Importantly for us, it removes unnecessary distractions and provides a clear runway as we execute our new strategy. In July 2025, we kicked off the strategic reset of both lending businesses.
The approach was built around a number of guiding principles to deliver an executable plan, which included making the businesses simpler and safer, investing in technology, automation, and digital to remove unnecessary cost, and accelerating growth into known and adjacent markets where we have a strong following. Across Retail, we're rolling out a new collections and recoveries platform to enable customer self-service using data and AI to proactively identify those needing support, and we'll continue to leverage our established robotics and automation capabilities to optimize our processes. AI has been implemented in our complaints and fraud operations teams, and we're currently evaluating several other potential uses throughout both businesses, which will drive further costs out. For motor, our focus is on creating the foundations for cost optimization and sustainable growth.
Our cost reduction agenda is driven by boosting origination efficiency, reducing our physical footprint, and increasing automation across the business. We're investing in a new origination platform to make us more agile and offer faster response times to customers, while also improving the overall customer experience and reducing our cost to serve. Once delivered, this will enable us to continue to scale the business without the need to grow the cost base. As we continue to automate and digitalize processes complemented by the use of outsourcing and offshoring. Our achievements to date include consolidating our operational footprint to five centers of excellence, leading to reduced costs, increased expertise and better team collaboration, and reducing operational costs through offshore partnerships to support in-life customer servicing. Last month, we outsourced further roles to our partners in South Africa.
Motor's growth strategy centers on deepening and diversifying dealer relationships, strengthening customer retention through enhanced product options such as our dedicated electric vehicle proposition, and expanding our reach through commercial partnerships. We remain fully committed to this market, and as I mentioned earlier, any changes in the competitive landscape following the outcome of the motor finance commission review could present further opportunities for us. Ireland also plays a crucial role in our growth. The Bluestone acquisition has led to sustained volume increases as we continue to broaden the proposition in line with our U.K. business, and the new business has more than doubled since its acquisition and rebranding in 2023. In Premium, the strategic reset took the form of reducing our reliance on the personal lines business, where returns have been suboptimal. The economics of the personal lines brokers has changed over time and become increasingly unprofitable for ourselves.
Incremental rate erosion driven by M&A activity, the rise of large-scale price aggregator websites and the impact of increasing regulation have all steadily chipped away at margin and driven up costs. This has led us to reassess our approach to the parts of the market and concentrate on building out the Commercial lines business, leveraging the strong relationships that we already have in place by doing more business with existing commercial brokers and extending our proposition to support their international presence. This has meant the planned withdrawal from the selected personal lines relationships, and throughout we have worked closely with the regulator, brokers, to ensure any exit and subsequent runoff is undertaken in a safe and responsible manner. Withdrawing from a large portion of the personal lines market has the dual effect of improving returns and reducing costs as this element of the book runs off.
Since December, we have exited over half of our planned broker cohort, with their books now in runoff. The remainder are agreed to exit by June this year, with their books completing runoff by the end of the 2027 financial year. We expect customer numbers between regulated consumers and the SME corporates to rebalance at about 50/50, but the Commercial lines will account for the best part of 85% of our volumes going forward. Premium Finance is a great example of our simplify, optimize growth strategy in action. Having simplified the business by reducing our reliance on personal lines, we are now focused on optimization and growth. With a relentless focus on cost, we are modernizing core platforms, rationalizing the property footprint and offshoring some of our customer servicing to South Africa. Our office relocation has recently already delivered significant annual savings.
Our first offshoring phase has outperformed expectations, and we have just successfully completed phase II of this program. Underpinning our growth ambitions are credible opportunities in existing markets and securing new strategically important broker relationships. We've already secured contract extensions with several key partners, and we're continuing to build on our extensive network of relationships. Our targeted growth plans are accompanied by new propositional offerings and supported by the strengthening of our underwriting through deeper in-house expertise, automated processes and a broader risk appetite, enabling us to write larger, high value and complex risks with greater speed. Through enhancing our digital capabilities, we enable deeper integration with the market leading software houses, improving the broker experience with the added benefit of reducing the cost to serve for both ourselves and our brokers.
Over the course of the next 12 months, we will have successfully repositioned Premium to focus on the higher returning Commercial lines business and built strong momentum as we accelerate our growth of the Commercial lines book through to financial year 2028. In addition to the lending businesses in Retail, we have responsibility for the Group savings activities, funding the loan book growth across the Group. Our savings franchise has proved to be hugely resilient during what I would describe as a challenging period, and has continued to grow both in terms of customer numbers and balances.
Throughout, we've continued to invest in the platform and the product as we enhance our capabilities across the business with our focus now on developing the customer base through a targeted proposition to support sustainable growth, primarily through retail deposits, continuing to diversify and access cheaper and more stable funding through developing our product range, enhancing and optimizing our digital channels, allowing operational productivity to increase and thus build a scalable business, and leveraging and growing deposit aggregator relationships to further diversify our funding options. Despite increased competition across all deposit markets, we remain well-positioned for future strategic opportunities, coupled with a positive outlook for market growth. Before I close, I wanted to reflect back on the business that I joined a couple of years ago and look forward to its future.
In that time, we've navigated two significant market reviews by the regulator successfully, overseen and the restructuring of Motor and Premium's operating model, and the seamless transition to offshore roles. Throughout, we've been ever present to serve the needs of our customers, dealers, and brokers, and now, despite managing intense regulatory and market disruption, we've built stronger foundations and sharpened our competitive edge. With established market positions, clear strategic priorities, and investment in digital and efficiency, we're primed to continue to grow through market share gains and extending our proposition, contributing to sustainably stronger returns. We expect loan book growth to accelerate from the 2027 financial year, together with an improved cost-income ratio, with both contributing to the Group's improving RoTE trajectory. Before I hand over to Phil, I wanted you to hear from some of our intermediary partners.
We've built this business on customer service to our car dealers, and Close Brothers meet their needs that we need to keep pushing this business forward.
Close Brothers offer all of the things that we look for in a lender. They are quick at underwriting, they're quick to pay out, they've got great product, they're flexible when they need to be, and they're also really easy to get a hold of.
Close Bros have been fantastic with all the support, training. They've offered us the best funding platform out there.
We couldn't have done it without Close Brothers funding. At the very beginning it was offered and we built our stock on that.
Insights are very important for the business. Helps us with our buying decisions, helps us with our marketing.
Our account manager, Ross, has been fantastic in understanding what we're trying to achieve and bespoking our package to allow us to meet our target.
Close Brothers and our account manager, Matt, definitely help us provide a good service, a good level of customer care, especially with the changes to treating customers fairly, Consumer Duty. They're always keeping us up to date with any legislation changes.
Communication with Close Brothers is absolutely key. The fact that they respond so quickly, efficiently, it's the perfect relationship.
Some of the main reasons that we looked to sign up Close Brothers as a lender on our panel was simply the variety of vehicles that we could finance through them.
We are very ambitious people. We want to make this a big success. We want to have a great leadership, and I've no doubt that Close Brothers are gonna be beside us, supporting us all the way.
Thanks, Ian. Good morning, all. I'm Phil Hooper. I head up the Property division. I joined Close Brothers in 2023, having had a long career at NatWest, where I spent the final five years leading their real estate finance business. Over the next 10 minutes or so, I'll walk you through our business, the markets we operate in, and our medium-term strategy. Across our property lending business, we continue to provide flexible debt finance solutions to our SME customer base through two operating brands. Close Brothers Property Finance and Commercial Acceptances are both strong and recognized brands in property lending. Through our larger business, Close Brothers Property Finance, we primarily offer residential development finance across the U.K. and Northern Ireland for build to sell schemes. Additionally, we provide development finance for pre-let commercial schemes and some residential and commercial investment solutions.
Our loan range is broad, from GBP 1 million to GBP 50 million, and we have a large customer base of over 500 SME developers who are mainly delivering new build, ground up housing for owner occupiers. Our Commercial Acceptances business is complementary and provides short-term bridging solutions across various property asset classes and residential refurbishment loans. The loan sizes and tenors are much smaller and shorter than in our core business, but flexibility across finance solutions remains key. Commercial Acceptances mainly operates in and around London. Unlike most mainstream property lenders, we do not provide finance for mortgages, buy to let, or for operational property assets.
As you can see on the slide, we delivered a robust set of financial metrics in 2025, with an operational profit of GBP 67 million and a cost income ratio below 30%.
Despite the cyclicality of the sector, our divisional loan book has grown over many years to stand at around GBP 1.8 billion today. The few dips were driven by market slowdown caused by the COVID pandemic and the more recent economic challenges. Our net interest margin has been steady throughout the period, with low levels of bad debt, highlighting our balanced and cautious approach to underwriting. We continue to lend within conservative parameters with the portfolio performing resiliently in a challenging market. The slight uptick in bad debt reflects increased individual assessed provisions on a small number of older developments. Our more recent underwriting is performing well. Our primary focus remains on maintaining our market-leading position and evolving the business for growth by diversifying our offering. We believe our ongoing success is down to some key elements which provide our competitive advantage.
Firstly, we take a relationship approach to everything we do. Not many of our peers can point to 50 years of lending to SME developers, and this longevity has enabled us to build strong, direct relationships with our customers through good times and bad. Over a third of our customers are family-owned businesses who typically place a premium on trust and reliability. While the market is now dominated by brokers and introducers, we are proud that around 70% of our annual business is from existing customers who prefer to deal directly with us without the need for an intermediary. We understand our customers well, and therefore it enables us to respond quickly with lending decisions and move to prompt execution. We have a very experienced lending team with a deep understanding of the sector.
Most of our frontline directors have been with the business over 10 years, and the advocacy from our customers remains strong. We have teams located in six regional hubs across the U.K. This geographical spread ensures we possess essential local market knowledge, which is crucial when evaluating lending requests. You can see the diversification of our current loan book from the map of the U.K. In today's increasingly complex environment, we remain committed to keeping everything we do as straightforward as possible, and that's really valued by our customers. Our commitment to them is that we do what we say and we deliver on time. To summarize, the four key reasons why we win in the marketplace, it would be because we provide quick responses and offer flexibility in our funding solutions. We maintain a reputation for consistent support through the economic cycle.
We have deep sector expertise and offer first-class customer service. Finally, and most importantly, we are seen as a long-term business partner to our customers, supporting them through their life cycle. Turning to the residential marketplace today, we know that the fundamentals remain in our favor. Consumer demand and affordability remain the key drivers. Home ownership is still a key goal for most people across the U.K. We know that there has been an ongoing structural undersupply of new homes built up over many years, and this is set to continue. Affordability metrics are improving. From a peak of 5.25% in 2023, we have seen a gradual reduction of base rate to 3.75%, with analysts expecting further cuts during 2026. Although more recent global events could well impact that short term.
Mortgage liquidity is very strong and the larger banks are keen to grow their market share by reducing mortgage pricing. Additionally, we have seen a continued relaxation of income multiples, which is also very helpful. Many of our larger customers have diversified into wider living sectors, reflecting broader industry trends. Strong rental growth in student accommodation and private rented stock presents a clear opportunity for us to follow our customers and strengthen our presence in these markets. Overall, we believe SMEs will continue to play a key role in housing delivery across the U.K. and Northern Ireland, and we will be there to support them. We operate in a very competitive marketplace, which is split into distinct Groups. The larger high street banks are active. However, their offerings tend to be characterized by low leverage solutions and time-consuming processes, and therefore are perceived as less appealing to the SME community.
Private credit and debt funds have experienced rapid growth within the Property Finance market. These entities typically pursue strategies that involve taking on higher levels of risk and higher cost to the borrower, so they do not really act as a competitor. Challenger banks and specialist banks are our main competitors. However, our approach and solutions have become industry benchmark, with competitors frequently attempting to emulate our success. It is important to recognize that our 50-year legacy in property lending cannot be replicated overnight by these newer entrants. Establishing enduring relationships and a trusted reputation takes considerable time and commitment, and these qualities we have carefully cultivated over many years. While we have a market leading position, it's important to evolve the business so we stay ahead of the competition, which brings us onto our four key areas for growth.
Firstly, we need to maintain our position in our core build to sell market. This will remain the heartbeat of our business. We are, however, looking to increase the average ticket size of the deals we undertake, noting the opportunity it presents. Secondly, we have hired a specialist team to support our diversification into ground up development for student accommodation and build to rent. We have already built a strong pipeline of business and expect to close several deals this financial year. We have been slightly underweight in the regional markets, and to address that, we have undertaken some recruitment where there is opportunity for us to grow our lending footprint. More recent hires have been in Leeds, Birmingham and Bristol, complementing our existing hubs in London, Manchester, Edinburgh and Belfast.
Lastly, innovation and product development are crucial if we want to stay relevant to our customers and deal with the changing market landscape. Under our bridging business, we have recently launched a new product called CA Revolve, which is designed to help our larger property traders grow their business with a cash flow led solution. It's already generated strong interest from both customers and intermediaries, and we expect to close our first deal next month. In our core business, we can now provide a structured revolving credit facility to those larger regional house builders operating across a number of sites. This type of facility was historically provided by the High Street banks, who appear less willing to engage in this segment today, which creates a market opportunity for us.
Despite the slowdown in the U.K. economy, we believe that these four areas, combined with the expertise we have in our business, creates an opportunity for medium term growth. We would expect to deliver between 5%-10% annual growth over the next few years, commencing in financial year ending 2027. The growth will primarily sit outside of our core business as illustrated in this slide. I just wanted to bring some of this to life, so I thought it'd be good to show you a couple of examples of transactions we have already executed in these growth areas. The first case study is a deal that we closed in late 2025. It's a structured revolving credit facility made available to Fernham Homes, a strong regional house builder.
We spent time with their management team to understand their three-year business plan and created this bespoke product to support their delivery of it. It provides debt finance for each of their projects, but under one umbrella. Sorry, one umbrella structure rather than structuring and documenting them individually. Fernham are delighted with this financial solution, and we are already engaging with similar developers across the U.K. and believe this represents a real growth opportunity for us in the short term. The second case study is a new ground-up development for student accommodation, which we are closing this month. It's a well-located single asset scheme close to a Russell Group university, where the level of demand from students is expected to be strong.
While others can provide this solution, the customer wanted to find a relationship led organization to support them over the medium term and chose us over the competition. The deal is financially rewarding, but more importantly opens up a new business stream for us. I think the key point here is that these two deals we wouldn't have written 12 months ago, so we've brought in the team and the capability to help us deliver those. Before I wrap up, I just wanna play a video which contains some short clips from our customers highlighting what it's like to be a customer of Close Brothers Property.
Trust, reliability and reputation.
That certainty is really helpful for our business.
When we identify a piece of land that we're keen to buy, it can be a very short period of time that we have in which to make a decision. With Close Brothers, they've got a small enough chain of command that they're able to make decisions very quickly.
They're not just a faceless bank the way some of the traditional banks are. Without their support, we wouldn't be here today. The speed of funding's key to the whole thing. We have built up a proper relationship, hopefully create a partnership we can move into the future.
If there's issues, if there's problems, Harry knows he can pick up the phone and let us know. We've gone on a journey with them from generation to generation, and we really hope that can continue.
Close Brothers are the only lenders that we work with because Close understand what we need moving forward, and it's Close understanding what we need from that development and when and where and why.
Being with Close Brothers has helped us build over 100 homes.
They offer the flexibility and the understanding that an SME house builder requires.
We've been through three recessions with them, and they've always been there for us. Close Brothers came in just at the right time. They offered a flexible funding solution. There was definitely synergy with Close.
Look for a funder like Close Brothers that will be in the market through good times and bad.
To wrap up, I'd like to leave you with some key messages. We have not relied on past performance to see us through. Instead, we have developed new income streams through product innovation and expansion into complementary property sectors. We have strengthened our capabilities, built a robust pipeline of new business, and converted opportunities into completed transactions, demonstrating our ability to grow. We are a high-quality, high-return property lender which is built on long-standing customer relationships. We are recognized as a market leader in property development and bridging finance, and we have a market with a structural growth opportunity over the medium to long term. I'm proud to work with such a fantastic Group of people who care deeply about the customers we partner with. The business is now set up for the future, and we are excited about the growth opportunities that are in front of us.
Thank you. I'll now hand you over to Fiona.
Thank you, Phil, and good morning. Following on from the business updates which you've just heard, I will now outline how the business activities are strengthening our financial position and driving improved returns. I will also take you through our cost initiatives and transformation program in more detail. As Mike has highlighted, our simplification journey is largely complete. We are now focused on delivering loan book growth and achieving our cost savings target of circa GBP 60 million. I will also touch on our approach to capital and funding optimization. These actions, supported by strong NIM and consistently low bad debt, are collectively repositioning the business and setting us firmly on the path back to double-digit returns. First, a few words on the simplification actions, which have resulted in a fundamental repositioning of the Group and a significant shift in the financial metrics of the business.
The refocusing of the Group, including the three disposals, winding down vehicle hire, repositioning Premium Finance, and the closure of Novitas, will enable us to operate as a much leaner, more efficient organization with our resources concentrated on businesses with higher return potential. They have also resulted in a reduction of around GBP 230 million in the Group's cost base and removed approximately 1,200 headcount. The simplification of the Group structure enables further streamlining of our operating model under the transformation program. At the full year 2025 results, we set out our 2026 guidance on our usual metrics alongside some ambitious cost-cutting targets. I would now like to extend that to a medium-term outlook with the detail on this slide. We expect NIM to be slightly below 7%.
We continue to target 5%-10% loan book growth per annum through the cycle. We also expect to maintain our bad debt ratio below the long-term average of 1.2%, subject to wider market conditions. The target CET1 ratio remains at 12%-13% over the medium term. In parallel, we will reduce our cost base to between GBP 410 million-GBP 430 million by the 2028 financial year, driven by the extensive cost reduction activity across the business. As part of this, we are looking to significantly lower our headcount by nearly a quarter over the coming 18 months.
As we see continued growth in income, and with our planned cost reductions, we are aiming to achieve an expense-to-income ratio below 60% by the 2028 financial year, down from 65% in 2025, and we expect this to continue to reduce from there. Our clear current priority is achieving double-digit returns by 2028. However, this is not the endpoint, and we expect to continue reducing costs, growing efficiently, and further increasing our returns beyond 2028. On cost reduction, we are making really good progress, and our detailed transformation work has enabled an acceleration of our cost savings activities. We originally targeted around GBP 20 million of annualized savings for this financial year, but we now expect to deliver around GBP 25 million.
This is being driven by initiatives already in flight, simplifying our organizational structure, outsourcing within Retail, repositioning Premium Finance, streamlining technology and change, and reducing both supplier costs and third-party advisor spend. As we move into the 2027 financial year, the shift to our new operating model will unlock a further wave of efficiencies. This includes streamlining the federated structure, creating shared services across operations and functions, expanding outsourcing with key partners, and accelerating automation and AI adoption. In total, we now expect to deliver circa GBP 60 million in annualized savings by the end of the 2027 financial year, with an estimated gross FTE reduction of around 600 people. Beyond that, we've also identified further opportunities from large-scale AI and automation to deeper organizational redesign that provides scope for additional cost reductions from 2028 and beyond.
Through these actions, we are building a stronger operating model to support future scalability, which will enhance our ability to deliver operating leverage and achieve further savings in future years. This slide provides further detail on how these gross cost reductions translate into overall operating costs for the business. This year, we expect to realize around GBP 22 million of in-year cost benefits, including a GBP 7 million benefit in respect of actions taken in 2025. As a result, we expect a broadly flat cost base at circa GBP 450 million. Taking into account the circa GBP 60 million of gross cost savings with some offset from inflationary pressures and investment spend to support business growth, we expect the overall cost base to reduce to between GBP 410 million and GBP 430 million by the 2028 financial year.
As I noted earlier, we do see opportunities for additional cost reductions in 2028 and beyond, which will help to further improve efficiency and increase returns. Moving on to look at our funding and liquidity position. We maintain a prudent and diverse funding position characterized by a conservative maturity profile, borrow long, lend short, with access to a wide range of retail and wholesale funding services. You have heard from Ian about the growth in our savings franchise and expansion of our product offering for retail deposits in recent years. Since the 2022 financial year, our overall retail deposits have grown from GBP 3.1 billion - GBP 6.3 billion and now account for 54% of our overall funding as of January 31st, 2026. As we continue to grow and diversify our offering, this creates opportunity to further optimize funding cost and maturity.
We are also optimizing the balance sheet through normalization of surplus liquidity from elevated levels held in response to uncertainty related to motor finance commissions and an ongoing review of our funding mix to optimize cost. Turning now to our capital position, we have a strong CET1 ratio at 14.3%, reflecting recent capital actions, and this is after absorbing the GBP 300 million provision we have taken in respect of motor finance commissions. This means that we are well-placed to absorb a range of potential outcomes from the FCA's proposed motor finance commissions redress scheme without impact on our prospects for growth and investment. We will also need to absorb the impact of Basel 3.1 from January 2027, which we now expect to increase our RWAs by less than 10%.
Subject to these regulatory impacts, our priority for deployment of capital is to grow the loan book and invest in our transformation. This will drive an increase in RoTE and hence capital generation into future years. Once we have clarity on the Motor Commissions redress scheme, we will also look at shareholder distributions, both in terms of returning to payment of an ordinary dividend, which we recognize is a key priority for a number of our shareholders, as well as considering distribution of any excess capital through share buybacks. We will provide further detail on the capital outlook and shareholder distributions as soon as we have greater clarity and are in a position to do so. Over the past two years, we've created a much stronger and more focused Close Brothers.
The actions we've taken have reduced complexity, strengthened our fundamentals, and put us on a clearer path to sustainable growth. As we have set out today, we are strongly committed to reducing costs, growing the business, and driving an increase in returns. In the current financial year, we have concluded our simplification program and will see the initial benefits of the cost reduction activities currently underway. The 2027 financial year will see the execution of the next phase of our transformation activities, as well as the increasing benefit of our current growth initiatives. By 2028, we will see the full benefit of these cost savings, which, combined with ongoing loan book growth and continued optimization of our capital and funding, will take us to a double-digit RoTE rising thereafter.
We will have built a more efficient and scalable business with stronger operating leverage and the ability to drive further growth in returns from there. 2028 is not the endpoint as we are laying the foundations for long-term growth. As you have heard today, we have a clear plan which we are committed to and confident in executing and which leaves us well-placed to reduce costs, drive growth, and deliver improved returns for our shareholders. Thank you, and I'll now hand you back to Mike.
Before we close, I want to step back and reflect on what you have heard today. Across Commercial, Retail, and Property, you have seen three strong, differentiated businesses, each operating in attractive specialist markets, each with clear plans to grow responsibly through the cycle, and each playing a meaningful role in supporting the U.K. economy. You've also heard how we're reshaping the Group, simplifying what we do, lowering our cost base, and building a more scalable, resilient operating model. We're focusing on the Group on areas where we have genuine competitive strength and can earn attractive risk-adjusted returns. Our transformation program is well underway with a clear line of sight to material cost savings, improved efficiency, and strong operating leverage, while protecting the services, expertise, and relationships that define Close Brothers.
This will deliver a lower cost, more scalable operating model that improves returns while preserving our culture and customer proposition. We will deploy capital in markets we know well to generate disciplined growth through the cycle. Taken together, this gives us a clear and credible path forward. We're building a more resilient and stronger business, creating a platform for long-term growth and improving returns. My core commitment remains unchanged to return Close Brothers to double-digit RoTE by 2028 and rising thereafter. The actions you have heard about today across strategy, cost reduction, operating model transformation, and disciplined growth are designed to deliver exactly that. We're confident in our plan, clear on our execution priorities, and focused on delivery. I look forward to updating you on our progress as we continue to rebuild returns and create sustainable value for our shareholders.
Thank you very much for your time, and I'll now invite Fiona, Matt, Ian, and Phil back to the front, and we're more than happy to take questions. All right. Rob, off you go.
Thanks. It's Robert Noble from Deutsche Bank. The RoTE by double digit by 2028, I don't think consensus is there. What's the difference that you see in your plan versus where consensus currently sits for 2028? I guess within that as well is the 12%-13% capital target within that, is that despite your expected Pillar 2a reduction equal to less than 10% in inflation in RWAs, so you're gonna run with a higher surplus to regulatory minimum capital requirements. Is that right?
Well, I'll just take the second one, and I'll pass that first one to you if I may. On the 12%-13%, I think we need to have a look at that at the time once the position has been landed. We're clearly working with the regulator at the moment, and we, you know, we believe that there will be a Pillar 2a offset against that. We'll need to see that come through, and then we will reflect on where we want to put our capital targets. As we stand here today, all things being equal, it will be 12%-13%. In terms of the RoTE, Fiona.
Yes. Thank you, Mike. Maybe just one quick build on the twelve to thirteen percent question as well. As you say, Rob, absolutely, if we maintain at 12%-13%, and as Mike says, that we obtain that Pillar 2a relief, that will imply a higher loss absorption capacity between capital ratios to regulatory requirements. As Mike said, we will reassess that at the time. Yeah, in terms of consensus on the RoTE by 2028, a number of moving parts there, and I think, some of that, Rob, is around us demonstrating and building confidence in the objectives that we set out around delivery of the cost targets and around the loan book growth, and to see those reflected in consensus.
We have articulated, as I've described, 5%-10% loan book growth, and I would say that some of the difference in the RoTE for consensus will be about where the analysts are pitching the loan book growth potentially relative to where our plans and ambitions take us by 2028.
Okay. Ben, do you want to pick up?
Thanks for taking my questions again. I've got three, please. Firstly, for Ian, on one of your slides, you looked at savings and deposits. You talked a bit about growth in deposits during the presentation, but actually deposits dropped quite materially in half one. Maybe you could just give us some of the drivers of that drop, given it's been a theme for some of the other specialty lenders. Secondly, Fiona, on cost of risk, your expectation in the medium term is below the long-term average for cost of risk. Is that in relation to mix shift or rates? If you could give some color on that assumption, that'd be great. Then finally, Phil, you talked about in the Property book, growing your ticket size in builds to sell, which is the rump of the book.
Now we've seen in another division, growing ticket size has led to margin erosion. Are you confident about hitting stable margin in that business despite the higher ticket sizes? Thank you.
Want to go, Ian?
I'll go first. Yeah. Okay. Look, the drop in half one as a result, a deliberate drop, obviously, as we've sort of historically managed to book for volume, as you would expect during what's been a, I think I described as a challenging period. More recently, we've looked to manage for volume and value, particularly in relation to the cost of funds. We've allowed ourselves to drip some of those deposits out. I think Mike and Fiona referred to it in their earlier presentation. It's as simple as that. We're in a very strong position to be able to continue to acquire new deposits, and as I mentioned earlier, we've got an increase in terms of customer numbers, and we look to deploy other strategies across the business in relation to product development.
That's where we sit. Very confident of the strong platform we've built over the last few years and then how we deploy that over the coming 12-18 months.
Yeah, absolutely. Just building on that, Ian, it's been a very conscious decision to reduce deposits in the way that we have. Some of that's matched by the loan book growth and loan book reduction that we've seen, but also that we were just running with very elevated levels of liquidity. That's a conscious choice. Our deposit acquisition experience has been very positive, very successful there, notwithstanding the headline fall because the book does actually churn pretty quickly. There's still a high level of deposit acquisition in the first half. Then, Ben, moving on to your next question, cost of risk. As you say, we're guiding to below the long-run average of 1.2%, and we're confident in doing so.
I think that is around the quality of our book, and the secured and structurally protected nature of the book and our continuation of having confidence in that. An extra element there, which a number of the presentations touched on, is just that little bit of mix shift that you're seeing in NIM, where we are just seeing a little bit of headline NIM reduction as we focus on those slightly lower NIM but higher returns, higher quality business, slightly larger ticket size. That will also support our view around the stability of that cost of risk at below 1.2%.
Just on the final point, I think Fiona just summarized it pretty well. You know, so we are offering those bigger tickets at slightly reduced pricing. Actually it's not making much of a change. What customers are willing to pay for is the flexibility that we're offering. We think we can maintain the position. I think we're forecasting a slight reduction, but nothing material.
Thanks, Ben. Please.
Yeah. Thank you for taking my questions. Thank you for the presentation. It's Elise Yu Ge from KBW. I've got two, please. First is on commercial loan. On slide 20, you talked a bit about the split between your own direct sales and intermediaries, which I understand is 60%-40%. That's in terms of the volume. But I'm also wondering, what does costs and margin look like in these two different areas of business? How does that compare in terms of cost efficiencies and margin mix? That's my first question. Second, I guess, quite similar, just on Motor Finance . You talked a bit, 40% of the U.K. motor loans is from non-dealer channels. I'm just wondering, when you were modeling for your GBP 300 million provision, how does that...
How did you incorporate that into the calculation, the 40% of the book?
Okay. Well, shall we take the commercial one?
Thank you.
...first?
Yeah, sure. I mean, I think what we've seen over the last few years is we've sort of increased our focus on the broker market, and what we've seen emerge is a direct-to-consumer market. We partner with the likes of Zuto, Car Finance 247, CarMoney, which is where the customer effectively goes direct to those players, and goes for what we would call a finance first model. All we're trying to do is make sure, while obviously the dealerships remains our core, we want to make sure that we continue to look at all options and, you know, they remain sort of open for future opportunities. That's where the focus is.
Over the last few years, we've sort of partnered with the likes of those, and we've seen a good increase in flows through both the broker channel but also that direct consumer market. It continues to emerge. We've seen some of that happen in Ireland as well, but it's less pronounced. That's where, you know, where we want to be, where the consumer chooses finance. That's kind of the model that we've focused on over the last few years.
Okay. In terms of the second one.
Shall I. I'll just take the second one maybe. So yes, in terms of the question around how the non-dealer channels impacts on the motor finance commission's provision, the GBP 300 million. If we just reflect on how we've arrived at that, it is very much a bottom-up assessment of our position across a range of scenarios, including the FCA's consultation as published. So to the extent those channels are relevant to the provision, and to the scheme as consulted upon, that has been factored into the provision that we've arrived at. Apologies, Matt. I think the question around commercial direct versus intermediaries.
Yeah.
Thank you.
No problem, Fiona. Costs in our direct business will be slightly higher. Obviously, maintaining a direct sales force of over 180 colleagues is a more expensive model than relying exclusively on intermediaries. That's one of the drivers we believe for the market shift towards intermediary business. What we see in our direct business is a greater understanding of the customer, ability to serve them more precisely, deliver bespoke solutions more easily, and ultimately that's helps us deliver better margin. In the round, the returns are better in the direct business than in the intermediated business in Commercial. That is why that is such a core part of our strategy. Both are important, but direct is our focus.
Is that okay, Elise?
Yeah. Thank you.
Fine. Thank you. Any more questions in the room? Sanjena.
Sanjena.
Thanks. Sanjena again from UBS. If we could go back to my cost question from before.
Yeah.
More detail around the split of the savings. How much is staff cost? How much is other elements, and what are those elements? Then if you had any comments on the 60% cost income target, which is just going back to where we were pre-2020. How should we think about that being the steady state versus more to come?
Thank you.
Well, I'll kick off, and then I'll ask Fiona to sort of build on that. I think if you look at the GBP 60 million, I don't believe that we're actually disclosing at this stage how that's being broken down between all the various lines. Although there is some direction in the slides there that Fiona put up. In terms of the cost-income ratio, I think both Fiona and I made the clear point that what we're talking about today is really the start of this. We want to push harder, we want to go further and bring that Efficiency Ratio down. In doing that will in turn push the returns up above into double digit and go further.
You know, the ambition is there to move further than what you've seen on the slide today. Fiona, do you want to talk a little bit more about the GBP 60 million?
Absolutely. Yeah, thanks, Sanjena. Mike's touched upon, we haven't specifically disclosed the split of the GBP 60 million between staff and non-staff costs. What I would point to a couple of things. First, is the 600 heads that we have articulated, so naturally, that supports a significant proportion of the GBP 60 million being in relation to staff costs. However, we are very focused on non-staff costs as well. A couple of call-outs there. The first is on legal and professional fees, which is something that we've talked about in the past. We know that those were heightened, including the advisory costs associated with motor finance commission. That's absolutely an area that we're targeting and that we believe we can achieve positive reductions in.
The other is around third-party management and third-party costs. As we stand today, we have quite an extended supplier chain, and we are definitely looking to focus on that, consolidate that supplier chain, which will enable economies of scale and more power around the negotiating table there. As well as looking at supply and demand levers for third-party management costs. We're focused across the piece, but both are material components.
Thank you, Fiona.
Can I just follow up on the cost slide? You have, for the future beyond FY 2028, it suggests absolute costs down. Could you confirm? Is that what we are saying?
That's a good question. Thanks, Sanjena. What we're saying on that slide is that we believe that there are further cost saving opportunities over and above the GBP 60 million, and we are naturally very focused on achieving the GBP 60 million, but concurrently looking at what those further opportunities might be. We haven't shared any guidance or quantification of those, and we haven't guided as to whether they would deliver an absolute cost reduction or just look to mitigate further growth and inflationary costs. We, at the right point, we'll be able to provide more guidance on that.
Thank you. I think we have a webcast question.
Thanks, Sanjena.
Thank you. I've got a couple of questions from Gary Greenwood from Shore Capital. Question one is: Why don't you do buy-to-let in Property? Is that a missed opportunity? The second question is: The FCA seemed comfortable the Premium Finance market is operating more sensibly post-Consumer Duty and that a price cap is not required. How confident are you that there won't be any pre-Consumer Duty legacy conduct redress here?
Shall I? I'll just start on both those. Buy-to-let, yeah, you're absolutely right, it's not a market we are in. We do offer relatively short-term loans in our Commercial Acceptances business, where we may have a developer refurbish a property and then want to let that out for a relatively short period of time. It's not something that we have formally translated into a buy-to-let business. The attributes of a buy-to-let business are in some ways quite different to those businesses that we've got now in terms of the length of the tenor of the contract. That would be quite different to the kind of loans that we have at the moment. You heard today us say that the average tenor of the loans that we have is about 18 months, so it would be quite a significant change there.
At that stage, you know, we have no plans as we stand here today to move into that buy-to-let market, but we will always keep a watching brief on opportunities that are out there. Do you wanna build on that at all, Phil, from your perspective?
No, I mean, it's a very saturated market, isn't it? The level of returns would be quite marginal, I think, for us. I think as we stand today, we think there's better opportunity in some of the growth areas that I've set out rather than moving into that space.
In terms of your second one on the FCA and the premium market study piece, I think as Ian said, you know, we welcomed the study when it came out. We thought it was helpful for the industry, and it reinforced the importance of that product. You know, we're obviously in a situation with motor commissions at the moment, so you know, that is concerning. You know, the premium, the FCA insurance team you know have given a very clear view that they think it's a decent product. You know, we just have to work with that and work within the framework where we are. I mean, Ian, do you wanna build on that?
No, I think as you said, Mike, it's the market study report by the FCA is very clear. We've got a very clear plan, and we intend to execute to that plan, and that plan is primarily focused on growing the Commercial lines book, where we see the returns as more attractive. We're kind of on with it, and we're gonna continue just to get on with it.
Okay. No other questions? Well, look, can I just thank everyone for coming along today? I really appreciate it. I appreciate the questions. Can I thank the team, as well for the presentations? Also, probably most importantly, can I thank everyone for putting this together? It's taken a lot of work, and hopefully it's been very helpful to all of you. Thank you very much indeed.
This presentation has now ended.