Earnings Call: H1 2021

Jul 28, 2021

Hello and welcome to the Lancashire Holdings Limited Half Year twenty twenty one Results. Throughout the call, all participants will be in Please note this call is being recorded. Today, I'm pleased to present CEO, Alex Malini CEO, Paul Grandgris CFO, Natty Cashier. Please go ahead with your meeting. Okay. Thank you, everyone. We will just go through our presentation. Slide 3, please. In listen. In the first half of twenty twenty one, we've got strong premium growth in line with our long term strategy for capital deployment and expansion at this point in the underwriting cycle as the underwriting opportunity grows. RPI remains strong across our portfolio of risks with premium growth rate healthfully in excess of rate change, which demonstrates our business moves forward. We have executed the plan we articulated when we raised equity capital 12 months ago and then raise further debt in Q2 to fund further growth, demonstrating our active capital management policy. Our strong underwriting performance in the half year despite winter storm Yuri, we have an excellent combined ratio with a strong underwriting profit, And our reserve releases are benefiting from our robust reserving process. Wintersong Yurei loss estimates remain within our previously announced range and our COVID-nineteen loss estimate is stable with most of our with the majority of our loss estimate still being in IBNR. One of the most pleasing things that we've done in the half year to continue to hire new teams and continue to build out Lancashire's book of business. So lots of progress in High quality talent acquisition, the Lancashire bench strength is significantly improved and these new teams will bring pipeline organic growth for the 2022 underwriting year. On capital, we remain strongly capitalized and continue to put more capital to work. Our regulatory capital ratio was 254% as of the 31st March 2021. As I said earlier, we completed a highly successful long term debt refinancing project in Q2 and the surplus debt capital is available for further growth. Our interim dividend of $0.05 means that our dividend policy remains unchanged, Our 2021 earnings will be retained to fund further opportunity for 2022. In summary, we're deploying our strategy, Building our business, and we have the strongest bench strength in our history. I'll just now hand over to Paul. As Alex has mentioned, it's been another strong quarter, bringing year on year growth to about 41% at the midpoint of the year. We're very pleased that we're executing our underwriting strategy of actively managing the underwriting cycle and delivering strong levels of premium and earnings growth in an improving market. The combined ratio of 80.7 represents a very solid start to 2021, particularly given the heightened to catastrophe activity during Q1. We obviously have the remainder of the year to navigate, but this puts us on a strong underwriting footing as we start to see the benefits The underlying rate increases feed through into underwriting profitability. The rating environment remains favorable, with more business hitting adequacy levels, albeit it does remain a market where you still need to maintain underwriting discipline. Some subclasses have seen rate rises for numerous quarters now, and the trajectory remains positive. As you know, we are strong believers in the insurance cycle, So it's inevitable that the pace of increase in some of these lines will slow at some point, so we continue to focus on the cumulative rate movement and rate adequacy. Unsurprisingly and in line with the Q1, most of the premium growth is derived from our Property and Casualty Reinsurance segment. We had highlighted this segment as an area for targeted growth as we look to deploy the additional capital we raised last year. We've successfully grown our property catastrophe and retrocession portfolios over the past 6 months, growing with existing clients, starting relationships with new clients and benefiting from positive rates. Our Reinsurance segment also includes our 3 new lines of business for 2021, In casualty reinsurance, specialty reinsurance and accident and health, all three have started successfully and ahead of initial expectations in terms of the premium written. Last quarter, we guided to the top end of the $40,000,000 to $60,000,000 premium range for these three classes. Given the start to the 1st 6 months of the year, we are confident the top end of the range will be achieved and could potentially be exceeded. As always, the underwriting will be driven by the opportunity and not any preordained premium targets. The other segment we anticipated utilizing the additional capital was the Property and Casualty Insurance segment and more specifically, to the property direct and facultative subclass within that. The growth in property D and F was always going to be more focused in the second quarter, the busiest quarter for this product. Utilizing both the Lloyd's and company platforms, we successfully grown property DNF premium as rates continue to improve. The growth in property D and F is the driver of growth for this segment. Also within this segment sits terrorism and political risks. The terrorism subclasses are experiencing more benign rating conditions as there remains ample capacity to prevent any significant rate improvement. The flat rate environment negatively skews the overall segment RPI. In both terrorism and political risks, we have been able to grow premium year on year. As we say every year, the first half is not overly significant for the to the Asian portfolio given the majority of this renews in the second half of the year. It is still, however, pleasing to see continued rate improvement and delivery of year on year growth ahead of rate. We will remain alive to the obvious demand headwinds the sector could face given the aviation industry dynamics that thus far our portfolio has managed these challenges very well. Our energy portfolio is experiencing different pricing dynamics dependent upon the subclass. Downstream, power and liabilities are all seeing good price momentum, and we have grown in all of these areas. Upstream energy rates remain positive, albeit in the lowtomidsingledigit range, and lots of business within this segment remains pricing inadequate in our opinion. Within Upstream, we have non renewed some business where we felt renewal terms were insufficient. The only segment of our portfolio that has reduced year on year is marine. This is down to 2 key drivers. Firstly, There are a small number of high premium accounts on either a non annual or multiyear basis not yet due for renewal. Assuming acceptable renewal terms, these policies will renew later this year or in future underwriting years. Secondly, to this year or in future underwriting years. Secondly, there were select few large premium accounts that we chose to non renew as as we do not believe that the renewal terms based on performance of those accounts were acceptable. This just highlights that despite our stated intention to grow, We will still fundamentally believe that underwriting discipline needs to be maintained. In general, we believe the rating in our marine subclasses is the best it's been for a number of years and continues to improve. In light of that, we'll certainly be looking to grow our marine footprint further where possible. To aid future growth, we've continued to add underwriting talent to the group, both within existing lines of business and new lines of business. Most recently, our new Head of Marine Liabilities has joined and just started underwriting. In addition to this, we expect To welcome at the end of this year, a new Head of Energy Liabilities as well as a new Construction and Engineering team. Further to this, We have employed 2 underwriters who will be based in Australia to expand our D and F offering in the region. You'll start to see the premium associated with these initiatives in 2022. And this, along with the continued build out of the other new classes, will support our 2022 premium growth. As always, the pace of growth in these lines will be driven by the market opportunity. I'll now pass over to Natalie. Hi, everybody. I'm going to talk through some slides detailing the overall performance for the half year with some additional flavor on the loss environment, our investment portfolio and and capital position. Our financial performance for the first half of twenty twenty one is detailed on Slide 5. As Paul has noted, our strong gross premium written growth in the Q1 was maintained into Q2. Our outwards reinsurance spend has reduced as a percentage of gross premiums written from 43% to 38.6% as we retain more risk in the improving market. We are starting to see the benefit of increased net premiums on earnings coming through, which benefits our expense ratios, and we are very happy with the overall combined ratio of 80.7%. The absolute increase in dollar terms in G and A expenses is largely due to higher employment costs, reflecting the new lines of business we have entered into. Other income is higher than in H1 2020 due to more profit commission coming through from LCM relating to the 2019 underwriting cycle. The overall change in fully converted book value per share of 2 0.4% was negatively impacted by one off costs due to the debt refinancing in H1. These costs totaled $18,700,000 of which $12,800,000 related to the direct redemption costs for our existing senior and subordinated debt. The remaining one off costs largely comprised double interest payments prior to the original debt being redeemed, plus some other incidental financing costs. These costs are all one offs that have given us a simpler and more efficient capital structure for the future. As a reminder, our new subordinated debt for the benefit of regulatory eligibility and is also at a fixed rate, protecting our financing costs against any future rate inflation. Slide 6, please. Slide 6 details our loss ratio performance for H1 2021 and includes a reconciliation back to the underlying attritional loss ratio of 38%. Excluding winter storm Yori, The first half of the year was relatively quiet from a loss perspective, resulting in a loss ratio of 38.4% compared to 57.4% for H1 twenty It is worth noting that the unusual run of risk losses that we saw across most segments and geographies in 2020 did not continue into the first half of twenty twenty one. For winter storm Yuri, we followed our usual cat loss reserving procedure that brings together representatives from across the business and assessors' potential exposure on a policy by policy basis to come up with an overall estimate for the group. The favorable prior year development for the half year of CAD 53,600,000 across the 2017 cat losses. Conversely, the 2018 2019 accident years saw some unfavorable impacts of prior year claims. As we've noted before and given the lines of business that we write, we can have lumpy quarters or even half year numbers. The remainder of the release has largely occurred due to the reduction in IBNR on the 2020 accident year due to a lack of reported claims coming through. The waterfall diagram on this slide illustrates how we think about the underlying attritional loss ratio. As mentioned last quarter, our traditional specialty lines, such as marine and energy, are exposed to irregular large losses, such as tanker thinking, oil rig explosions and so on, which are unpredictable in nature and have always been excluded from our attritional ratio guidance. We classify this type of claim greater than $5,000,000 as a large loss. As mentioned, the first half of twenty twenty one has been relatively quiet for risk losses, but we haven't seen a material impact from this type of claim so far this year. Slide 7 illustrates our relatively conservative portfolio structure with an overall credit rating of A plus We aim to invest in largely low risk, short duration and liquid investments whilst taking more risk on the underwriting side of the business. So far in 2021, our investment performance is marginally positive at 0.3% overall return. The fixed income portfolios have been negatively impacted by the steepening of the yield curve, with some of our risk assets performing well to offset these losses. We do not intend any material changes to our investment strategy in the medium term, and we'll keep the overall portfolio duration short to help mitigate inflationary impacts. We are looking to increase our allocation to floating rate assets, again, to mitigate potential inflationary impacts. On Slide 8, the waterfall chart shows how our regulatory capital position has developed since the end of 2020, incorporating the impact of the debt raise and new business in the Q1 of 2021. Most importantly, this diagram shows that We still maintain a strong regulatory capital position following a 1 in 100 year Gulf of Mexico wind event. As mentioned last quarter, We expect our BMA solvency ratio to be comfortably over 200% going forward, dependent on market conditions. And I'll hand back over to the operator. Okay, fine. So just to summarize on outlook, our core strategy Has not changed. It will not change. We firmly believe in the insurance cycle, and we will continue to navigate the cycle and manage our business for the long term. I think it's important that we I think Paul said it earlier, we're incredibly focused on rate adequacy and The majority of our portfolio is seeing 3 to 4 years of rate hardening and all the time, adequacy is there. We're going to grow our business. We're in a strong position to do that. We have the capital. And as we said earlier, we've been employing more and more very good people to come to our business. So So we believe we're in a very strong position. We will grow. I think the growth for us as well, if you believe in our strategy that we do Take less risk when market conditions are difficult. It's equally important that we grow now, and we believe over time, listen. That's what will give us a better return for our business and improve our returns over the longer term cycle. So I think we're balanced. We're positive about the opportunity, but we do believe that as we go into 2022, With the teams we're bringing in the opportunity we see, there's going to be further growth coming through in 2022. So we'll now go to the operator for questions. Listen. Thank you. Listen. Our first question comes from the line of Cameron Hassan from RBC. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hi, everyone. Two questions. The first one is just, I guess, rates Still look really strong. We're on 3 or 4 years of, as you said, of prices going up. What's the message to the underwriters at the moment? You're still getting them to push as hard as they can? Or are you willing to just kind of ease off slightly and just take a bit more volume? So that's the first question. And the second question is, I guess, on the G and A expense ratio, which has improved pretty substantially year on year or compared to the full year 2020 run rate. Could you give us an idea of kind of what that should look like as you continue to grow? No, I think you've talked about 1 to 2 points benefit coming through, but that's clearly been exceeded. So whether any one offs or is this just an acceleration given the very strong top line growth so far this year. Thanks. So I think the message To our underwriters is that we want to grow as the underwriting opportunity improves. I think The point of clarification is, if you look at our product lines and what we've consistently said about this market opportunity Is that some classes of business are better than others. And we've got classes of business that are 150% of adequacy And we've got other classes that we would probably argue are not adequate enough. So it's all about making sure that We're putting heavy expansion into the classes of business that are most profitable and the classes that still require some attention, we're moderating in our view there. And I think we have consistently said that about this opportunity. We haven't subscribed to This is the best market we've ever seen, but it's materially better than what it was. And I suppose the beauty of our business is The line of sight we have as management is we can push our enterprises in the right direction. Hi, Cameron. It's Natalie. On the G and A question, what we've said previously is that We're expecting the increase in premium to give us a lower G and A ratio in line with 20 sixteen-twenty 17. And we're now currently seeing the benefit of that Premium coming through, and we're around in line with the 20 sixteen-twenty 17 ratio. I'd expect us to stay Around that level for this year and into next year? Can I just clarify that? So that's kind of a sub-twenty listen. It's around 20. Brilliant. Thanks, Nathalie. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Faiya Khan from Bank of America. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Listen. Hi, thanks for taking my questions. First question, just a clarification point on the dividend comment you made earlier, Alex. You said 2021 profits would be retained. Is that just in excess of the regular dividend that you expect to pay? Second question, How should we think about the rate, the really effective rate increases that we're seeing earning through into the attritional loss ratio over time? And just a third question, if possible, on the new hires that you've announced that will be joining 2022. How should we think about the expense growth outlook from here? Thanks. Yes. On point 1, that's exactly what I I was saying so any earnings in excess of our normal dividends will be retained for growth into 2022. On the attritional ratio, we're keeping the guidance at 35% to 40%. As we've said before, We are reserving conservatively for the new lines of business that we're entering into. Sorry, Freya, what was could you clarify the third question, please? How should we think about the G and A expense growth, I guess, in absolute dollar terms rather than the ratio because it's impacted by how much good premiums. We don't tend to give out dollar listen. Numbers for hires that we're making, but I think we'd probably refer you back to Natalie's answer to Cameron on the kind of forward listen. Looking G and A ratio, but sorry, we don't just tend to give out dollar numbers for new hires that are coming in. Listen. Okay. That's fine. And just following up on the rate question that I had. Now that, I guess, most of the premiums for 2021 have been written, How should we think about that earning through into next year? Yes. I wouldn't say most of the premiums for this year are in Britain. We are And further growth in the second half of the year, which will be mainly in the specialty lines. I don't know if Paul wants to add anything on that. Yes. No. I mean, the obvious area That's up for renewal in the latter stage of the year is the aviation portfolio, which is now a reasonably material part of our overall portfolio. So there's certainly and there's also the 1st July renewals that will come into Q3. So whilst We are premium heavy in Q1 sorry, in half one. There's certainly a fair amount of income still to be written in the second quarter. And then for 'twenty two, we expect to grow for 'twenty two again. Obviously, that will be driven by how good the underwriting opportunity is. Freya, sorry, this is Yelena. Just to come back to you on rate increases earning into the attritional loss ratio next year. So you have already seen that from last year to this year. If you look at the underlying loss ratio, you have seen the benefit of rates come through. It takes us roughly about 12 to 18 months to earn the rate through on exactly the same book of business. But given the level of growth we've been putting and as we talked about with our Q1 presentation. In terms of the changing business mix, it's very hard for you from the outside to track that in the attritional loss ratio. Okay. Thanks. Our next question comes from the line of Ian Pierce from Credit Suisse. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hi. Thanks for taking my questions. Couple on retrocession spend. Just in terms of how we should think about the retro spend in H1, If we say you renewed the core program with rates up sort of 10% to 15%, is the remainder of that Retro spend coming from new teams. And then sort of following on from that thinking about retro spend for 2022, I mean, is the plan to renew the core program again? What are the expectations around rates on retro? And similarly, How do you expect the retro spend on the new teams to develop going forwards? I'll take that. Yes, look, I think if you I'm assuming when you say retro spend, you're assuming all of our reinsurance spend. That's what I'll answer it. Yes. So yes, we definitely, on some parts of the business, had to pay up The market is going up. So you've definitely some of the increased dollar spend is obviously associated with rate. You've then got the spend associated with the new teams. But what you also have is when you're growing your portfolio, There's increased spend associated with that increased exposure, just like if we have clients of ours that increase their exposure year on year, There's premium associated with that increased exposure. So the kind of increase in dollars is made up of those three parts. But as we said earlier in the year. We expected the dollar amount to come up, but the proportion versus in with premiums to reduce, which is exactly what's happened. Looking into 2022, in terms of how we're going to buy, That's the kind of decision we won't make until we come through wind season. We'll see where the market sits. We're always going to buy large chunks of what is our core programs. That's part of the reinsurance program that we tend to renew pretty much every year. But in terms of overall strategy, we tend to look at that later on in Q3 and come up with a plan for 2022. Assuming the market continues as we expect it to, we would expect to see that proportion of spend Continue to reduce into 2022. But obviously, we'll revisit that later in the year when we know what underlying market conditions are like. Perfect. Just on following up on the new teams as well. Are you buying sort of higher levels of reinsurance on these new teams and expect To reduce or you're expecting to run with sort of the current levels of reinsurance going forward? Each team will be different, and there will be different levels of reinsurance purchased. We don't necessarily buy increased levels of reinsurance Just because it's new teams, but what you do get is the proportion effect where you have to buy a reinsurance program, which costs a certain minimum amount of money. And obviously, you haven't got the inwards income to start with. So proportionately, it's always quite high in the early years when you're building out. I wouldn't say that necessarily reflects us trying to overprotect a new line of business. Perfect. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Andrew Richards from Autonomous. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Oh, hi there. Could you just update, Paul, I think you talked about expected premium from new teams. I got on the call slightly late. I I mean, I think specifically in reinsurance, you've given a figure in the past of €40,000,000 to €60,000,000 I think you suggested it would be at the upper end of that. Maybe just update on on that number. I think that 40% to 60% was for various specialty classes in reinsurance. Second question, Obviously, when we talk about attritional loss ratio, we kind of need to think of it also in terms of reserve releases that might result from listen. Year releases in the first half. Because I thought on some of the newer business where you're booking some of the more attritional less cat heavy business, It was a longer seasoning pattern in more like 12 to 18 months, not sort of 6 months. Maybe could you just Clarify how we should think about that. Sorry, 2 other questions. I can see in your updated PMLs, the growth in the 1 in 101 in 250 year exposure. Can you just qualitatively give us a sense as to what's happened on more frequent return intervals, 1 in 50, 1 in 20? I'm just trying to understand the shape of the book, if the growth has been shaped to the higher the lower return installs or is the lower 1 in 51 in 20 tonnes similar to growth. Final question, just update on LCM 3rd party interest, where sort of you're seeing potential flows with respect to 3rd party capital, given that market seems to have somewhat picked up again. Okay. Thanks, Andrea. I'll take yes, I'll take the first one and then the third one on PMLs. So yes, we've guided on so on these 3 kind of new lines of this year, which were casualty reinsurance, Specialty Reinsurance and Accident and Health. Our initial guide was €40,000,000 to €60,000,000 Last trading update, I said we're reasonably confident we'll be at the upper end of that. If you jumped on the call late, you'd have missed in my script. I said we're very confident of achieving that top end and could potentially exceed that top end of the range. Obviously, we'll be able to give and more distinct update later in the year, but the start on all of those has been really positive. So we're obviously happy with that. I'm afraid on the PML, there's a quite short answer. Otherwise, Elena would kill me. We don't publish the 1 in 50s and the 1 in 20s. So Unfortunately, I can't answer that question. Andreas, I'll take the reserve releases question. So there's been no change to how we run off, in particular, the attritional IBNRs from previous years. And actually, The release of the attritional from the prior year was relatively similar last year. It was just masked by some one off larger claims that had adverse development on them. So I wouldn't say that this year is particularly any better. It's just that last year, the run off The attritional IBNR was kind of masked by one off risk losses. Does that make sense? Yes. I still thought some of the newer business, I suppose it's still small, had the sort of longer well, partly because it's newer, partly because I think It's not quite a short tail. That's why I was kind of thinking there would be some drawn lengthening, as it were, of the recognition pattern. Yes. But you're right. The impact to the new business on 2020 wasn't particularly significant. Okay. So you're still really seeing on the 2020 year most of our kind of traditional business coming through this year. The The majority of the new business lines will be reached this year and into next year. Okay. Thanks. Hi, Andreas, it's Darren. Regarding your question on midyear and increased appetite from ILS investors, just a couple of comments. We've just completed our midyear draw from Last year was a similar amount. Regarding others, we haven't seen a demand or increased demand from investors' appetite. I think it's a bit of a where people are getting funds released from prior years from COVID potential claims that they've had Additional capacity to deploy this, I think, is a bit of a one off. So you're not expecting more third party capital deployment year in the end in aggregate? Similar amounts, you said, yes. Similar amounts, yes. So in other words, there's an even Just on that topic, there's a big disconnect between broader ILS appetite versus what we've seen in the KAPON market, which I know is just Traction of the ILS. Yes. The cat bond market is has its own dynamics and you've seen a tightening of pricing there and we can take offline and go through that. Listen. Okay. Thanks. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ashank Maserdi Just a couple of questions I have is, I mean, Also to get some thoughts on the recent European floods. I mean, do you have any exposure to those? I mean, what sort of cost could be there? Any thoughts on that would be great. And secondly, like if I look at the property cat reinsurance, I mean, the exposure is now going up. It's more than 50% of your total book. It was 40% last year. I mean, what is the level where you would be Okay to go with. I mean, is it okay even if it's like 60%, 65%? Or would you say, no, you don't want to go into those sort of levels? Because Clearly, it looks like this is the area where you are looking to grow going forward as well. And thirdly is with your capital that you have, I mean, how should we think about How much you can grow next year? I mean, let's say, the rest of this year remains benign, I. E. Earnings are all right, there is no major hiccups. So How should we think about the potential, GWP growth for next year, again, given that most of it Most likely, it's coming from the property cat business. Thank you. Hi. So on the European flood, Yes. Obviously, we write property cat business and have European exposure within that. So it's certainly Yes, an event that we would anticipate having some exposure to. At this early stage, all the information we have is anecdotal. So, obviously, we can't give any numbers based upon that, but that's something we'll look at as we Get started getting real information from clients, and we'll obviously give an update on that later in the year. In terms of property cat Percentage, I think, one, you should always look at the full year in terms of looking at the percentage because, obviously, we at property cat is very heavy in the first half of the year, and we answered the question similar. Earlier, there's a lot of other business to be renewed during the course of the second part of the year. In terms of is there a hard stop on any percentages, we've never run the business in a way where we have Preordained percentages for any line of business. The way we look at it is where do we think we can get the best return. And if that meant that there was a great opportunity in property cat and our percentage of premium in that area increased, if If we thought the returns were there, then that's what we would do. Conversely, if there was opportunity elsewhere, we would have no problem reducing the percentage. So it's just driven by the market opportunity that we see in front of us and what returns that can produce for us. Yes. I'm going on to question 3 on the capital. It's kind of similar to what PG has just said that we've always said we match the capital to the underwriting opportunities that we see, so we will bear that in mind going into 2022. But also, it's worth remembering that The recent underwriting hires we've made, those that started this year and those that where we'll see more impact into 'twenty two, they're predominantly in lines of business that need very little capital charge. So all that element of the organic growth, we can actually achieve with very limited additional capital. And then as Alex mentioned at the start of this call, we are expecting to retain most of our earnings in excess of the ordinary dividend to help fund any future growth into next year. Sure. Thank you. Just like one follow-up on the previous question about like there is no bar for Any, say, proportionate business, etcetera. I mean, how do we think about the cat budget then 15% because Clearly, there are other reinsurers who are now talking about, okay, they need to review their cat budget because climate change, maybe it's real 4 years in a row, then we had Yuri, then we had German floods, which are just unique secondary payroll. So I mean, how do we think about your cat budget of 15%? I agree that you will make a lot of money on the attritional side if you write a lot of property CAD, but should we need to rethink about the CAD budget? Or would you say 15% is still A very good number. So I think we can't comment on other Carriers and their actions and their view of climate change, etcetera. And obviously, we don't see ourselves as climate change experts, But we're definitely experts in the world of assessing risks that we ensure and the capital we have to allocate for those and are we getting paid appropriately. But just to echo what Paul said, we're driven by opportunity. So if we believe the opportunity in our cat business or our Non cat business is great. We're going to grow with the opportunity, but obviously factoring Our view of frequency and severity and are we getting paid for the capital we're deploying. Listen. And lastly, a lot of our market opportunity will be driven out of this year's hurricane season, and we're not even at the peak of that point yet. So that would be premature to try and make those kind of assumptions for next year. In terms of just to jump in and in terms of the cap budget, we don't Have one, Ashik. So the 15 points is the historical average combined ratio burden in any given year. It's never. We have never had a stated cat budget. Okay, okay. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ben Polham from Investec. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hi, there. Thanks very much for taking my questions. I had a few questions, so I'll keep them brief. In terms of the outlook for new teams, could you just recap in terms of the new hires that you've announced today and maybe give some indication in terms of how you see them contributing into next year. The second question was on the reduction actually on the acquisition cost ratio, which has come down. I know it varies quite a lot by different line, But does that give a good run rate going forward? And the third thing was just to follow-up on the German flood point. I don't think you've quantified a lot of European catastrophe exposure in the past. So I was wondering if you could help us sort of put in context what the potential loss could be there given the lack of track record for your business in terms of exposure. Thank you. Okay, Ben. So on the new team, so we've recently hired a new Head of Marine Liabilities. Marine Liabilities is something that we Have underwritten, but it's an area that we think we can expand into and Stella has recently joined and started underwriting. But In all reality, you're going to start seeing the premium in 2022. We've also hired a new head of Energy liability, again, an area of the book that we've had relatively small exposure to, but a market that's moving forward quite nicely. So it's an area that we can grow our presence. We've also had a construction and engineering team, which again, they'll join later. This year, and then the last one I mentioned was we've hired 2 underwriters to expand our D and F offering in Australia. In terms of premium numbers, what we'll do is we'll revisit that and give some guidance a bit like we did this year for the 3 new lines that came in at the 1st January later in the year. One, that's because these underwriters haven't actually joined us yet. They join us later in the year. We'll obviously look to see how market conditions play out, but what we'll look to do for you is give you a similar range to what we did this year on the lines that have come in listen. Hi, Ben. On the acquisition cost ratio, as you know, yes, it's highly influenced by the business mix. And as this year, we've got a significantly higher proportion of the property business that's helping the ratio. It's also worth noting that you tend to get better terms and conditions in a harder market. So you tend to see a lower attritional acquisition cost ratio in this type of market anyway. I think for next year, as Paul just said, we can update later in the year when we've got more of an idea of what we think our premium Business mix will be next year. That will obviously influence what the acquisition cost rate is as well. And just going back on the euro Flood spend, obviously, as I said to a previous question, it's not something that we can provide any kind of range on at the moment, very early, and all the information we've got thus far is anecdotal. But obviously, we'll be working through that in Q3. We have always had European exposure. And if you look at our PML, PMLs, there is a PML for European cat risk included Within that, it generally falls within our property catastrophe portfolio, and that's both within the Syndicate and the Bermuda platform. Sorry, just to follow-up. Can you remind us the last material European Catastrophe event that you had and the size of it? We haven't really had We can come back to that offline, Ben, but I can't recall anything that we've that's ever been big enough to be public. Yes. Yes. Thank you. Okay. Thanks very much. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Faiza Nikani from HSBC. Please go ahead. Your line is open. On the operational expenses, obviously, that's been sort of increased due to the additional hires. Just wanted to understand, Obviously, the highs would have come in between the half year. How much would the true run rate be if they were to sort of start at January And the second question, it's on The attritional loss ratio, given that you've written sort of $40,000,000 to $60,000,000 potential premium, how much of that Attrition loss ratio is down to conservatism that you put in. I'm just trying to understand, as you write Yes, new business, what the sort of drive would be on the additional loss ratio? And the third question is on the large listen. You've had a few half years now where you've had sort of unexpected large losses that don't sit in the catastrophe bucket or the attritional bucket. I understand that you're random in nature, but should we be allowing for those large losses? Thank you. Yes. On the large losses question, as you know, it's just part of the business that we write that we do have these Occasional, large and unpredictable losses that we can't really give any guidance on. As PG said, we're not going to comment on the G and A impact of the new hires, but you'd obviously expect the expenses to be Higher next year than this year, given the announcements that we've made. And then on the attritional ratio, I think we've answered enough questions on that now. I think you just need to keep the guidance for the moment at 35% to 40%. Okay. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Daryl Goh from Citi. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Good afternoon. Thanks, everyone. So I have two questions, please. The first one, I guess, just a sense of clarification around the The unchanged attritional guidance, I know what you're saying about the conservatism in new lines, but is there any conservatism that you're assuming within property lines given the short term to the question. I mean, I know there's a comment in your slide saying that you've had a loading you have an inflation loading in your cat model. Maybe a sense around what that loading is, please? And the second question is just going on the outlook. So you sound pretty confident in the outlook given that you still and to build out the teams at this stage and that also you intend to retain your earnings to deploy into next year. So conscious that your focus On rate adequacy rather than rate momentum, what gives you confidence in the sustainability of the very favorable market conditions now? Thank you. I think that we do consider inflation in our cat models. That's something that's already built in. But Obviously, we don't give you that number, but inflation in any part of that business is considered. So that will always be factored into I think on the outlook, I do think this year's win season is key. And I think that I think if you have a benign wind season, I think the momentum in rate change Obviously, slows quicker, because that will mean that the carriers have made decent margins. So you'd expect competition to increase. But I think you have to look at where you are. I mean, even if that happened and even if this market went flat, you've had Yes, 4 years of rate change. So you've built back up to a central level of market pricing. And for us, We just see that as an opportunity with the build out that we've had at Lancashire ever since the market got better, the Teams that we're bringing in and you see it from some of the teams that we brought in 3 or 4 years ago, All of a sudden, they've got a $50,000,000 book, they've got a $75,000,000 book and the build out continues. So that's why we are Confident to say, absent whatever happens actually in the rate environment, we're still going to grow into 2022 because we've got the pipeline of new teams coming through and the maturity levels of the other teams will add to that. So that's why we're Maybe bolder than we normally are on growth into 2022 at this early stage. Great. Thanks. Thanks a lot. Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Minju from Panmure Gordon. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hi, good afternoon, everyone. Thank you for taking my questions. Just two questions, please. My first question is that you are very upbeat on the growth in for the full year 2022. Could you give a split between how much of that will come from the rate and how much of that is more organic to all the business you've adding on. And my second question is on your tax rate. It looks a bit high for the half year. Is there any one off there? What are you guiding going forward, given all the business costs you're adding on? Thank you. So I think the first question, and again, as we concluded demonstrated by these results is you've got Your RPI rate will be 11%. So if our business was only growing at 11%, my view is that we're not actually making any progress. Yes. There's a very nice gap between our actual growth rate and the RPI changes that you're just seeing. And we believe that, that continues into 'twenty two. Now we wouldn't give you a number today because we don't know, but we would also always remind everyone, Which we always say, if the underwriting opportunity is greater than we expect, we're going to grow more. And if the underwriting opportunity is weaker than we expect, we're going to grow less. But the point I keep coming back to is, I think kind of whatever happens to the right environment will grow in any way because you're going to see the benefit of the investments That we've made at this point. And as Paul said, even for the people that are currently in our business, Yes. It takes time to build these portfolios out and some of these people that we've employed are not even here yet. But we can see that pipeline coming through for us. Ming, it's Natalie. On the tax, yes, you're right. There was a one off charge in the half year. So this is a one off charge of $3,700,000 and it related to the increase in the U. K. Corporation tax for 2023 percent to 25%. So So we have to apply that increase to our deferred taxes, which resulted in that one off expense. So you can remove that one off expense as you think about tax Looking forward. Thank you. Thank you. Our next question Come from the line of Fonus Parral from Berenberg. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Our next question comes from the line of Farnes Parro from Berenberg. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Okay. We are going to the next question. So our next question comes from the line of Will Harcastle. Please go ahead. Your line is open. Hey, everyone. Just a really quick one from me. I guess, look, the PMLs have increased as we'd with the opportunity, and we were talking about market opportunity earlier. So just trying to reflect that and to see where we are in the current status. You're increasing these by somewhere between 60% to 80% versus the full year. So maybe that reflects the opportunity. Perhaps a quick comment on that. For me. But I guess more importantly, what sort of percentage I remember going back a decade or so that you used to talk about When the market is at its absolute peak, we would be X percent of our tangible capital exposed to a 1 in 100 event. I guess, Do you still think like that? And therefore, where do we think we are relative to history and opportunity? Thanks. Listen. So we definitely think the same. So nothing has changed there. And just in simple terms, if you're in An 'six or an 'two market, we're going to deploy everything we've got. But I think as we've said, we're not quite there yet. So I think, again, it will all be based on opportunity. I think we've been super clear about our view of this current opportunity, Which is materially better than our market was, but we haven't been in the view of the cheerleaders of the market saying it's the best thing they've ever seen because that's Factually incorrect. So our view hasn't changed. And again, our view of 2022 is We've got a lot of good things going on in our business and a lot of investment that we see is going to come through, But it will always be based on the underwriting opportunity. And I do think this year's wind season is absolute key listen to where this goes. And as you would know, Will, better than anyone really, investors want evidence of our world getting better. So people need to whatever happens for the rest of the year, people need to remain disciplined and show to their stakeholders that We can make some decent margins for the risk businesses that we are in. So look, all in all, We're balanced on the opportunity. Our risk levels will always be matched to the opportunity. Nothing has changed the way we think. And if you do end up in a market that's the best we've ever seen, then you should expect us to think about capital and all the things you'd expect us to think about. Great. Thanks, Alex. Thank you. We have no more questions from the line. I will hand it back to our speakers. Okay. Thank you very much for your questions today.