Folks, we're having some technical difficulties with our operator, so I will be the one kind of leading the call. This is Evan Masyr. I'm the CFO of Salem Media Group. I thank you all for joining us today for our Q1 2023 Earnings Call. A reminder, if you get disconnected at any time, you can dial back in or listen from our website at www.salemmedia.com. I'm traveling this week. I'm joined on the call by David Santrella, Chief Executive Officer, and David Evans, Chief Operating Officer. We'll begin in just a moment with our prepared remarks. Once we're done, actually, no, I'll be staying on the line, and I will instruct you on how to submit questions.
Please be advised that statements made on this call that relate to future plans, events, financial results, prospects, or performance are forward-looking statements as defined under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements are based on currently available information. Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated, and reported results should not be considered an indication of future performance. We do not intend and undertake no obligation to update our forward-looking statements, including forecasts of future performance, the potential for growth of existing markets, the opening of new markets, or the potential growth from future acquisitions. This conference call also contains non-GAAP financial measures within the meaning of Regulation G. Specifically, Station Operating Income, or SOI, EBITDA, and adjusted EBITDA.
In conformity with Regulation G, information required to accompany the disclosure of non-GAAP financial measures is available on the investor relation portion of our website at salemmedia.com. With that, I will now turn the call over to Dave Santrella.
Thanks, Evan, and thanks everybody for joining us on the call today. I'll start my prepared remarks with a review of Salem's Q1 results. I'll discuss some M&A and provide an update on our debt. I'll turn the call back to Evan to provide more details on the Q1 financial performance and give guidance for the Q2. Overall, total revenue for the Q1 increased 1.4%. Expenses were up 11.4%, and adjusted EBITDA declined 79.6%.
Based on this performance and recognizing the state of the economy, we made the difficult but necessary decision in late March to lay off 44 positions, representing about 3% of our workforce, in addition to cutting other expenses. In total, we expect to save approximately $5 million annually through these cost containment actions. The associated severance costs in the Q1 were $0.4 million. As I've done on recent calls, I want to summarize our digital revenue to remind you of the magnitude of our overall digital footprint. When we combine digital revenue included in the Broadcast division with the National Digital division, overall digital revenue increased 6.4% in the Q1 and now represents 31% of our total revenue. We continue to invest in digital and see it as the best opportunity for continued growth.
Now I'll review the financial performance of each division in the Q1. The Broadcast division had a slight decrease of 0.2% in Q1. While it is a decline, it is noticeably better than the overall industry, which according to Miller Kaplan, declined 2.8% in the markets where we operate. The biggest cause of the decline for both us and for the industry is traditional spot revenue. We saw national spot increase by 20.7%, while local spot decreased by 8.3%. This is due to the weakness in the broader economy, which is causing advertiser pullback. National block programming increased 3.6%, once again, showing its resilience during challenging economic times. I mentioned earlier that overall digital revenue rate of 6.4% growth. Digital revenue within the Broadcast division increased 12%.
This included results from Salem Surround, the Salem Podcast Network, and the Salem News Channel. We're continuing to invest in these businesses to continue their growth. Network revenue also had very nice improvements, growing revenue by 5.9%. This growth came from a number of our network shows that are continuing to grow in popularity. On the expense side, Broadcast expenses increased 12.3%, largely due to the continued investment in the Salem News Channel and our other digital initiatives. As I said earlier, we have eliminated a number of positions and have scaled back certain planned investments. Revenue at Salem's National Digital division increased 2% in Q1. We're still facing some significant headwinds from the demise of the third-party cookie and algorithm changes made by Facebook to present less political related content.
That change has led to a decline of approximately 80% in Facebook traffic on Townhall and our other conservative news and opinion websites. Advertising dollars have declined due to the softness in the overall economy. Offsetting these declines, however, is revenue associated with the acquisition of the George Gilder's line of investment products in February 2023. Expenses in the Digital division increased 6.1%, primarily due to increased marketing. Book publishing revenue increased 19.7% in the 1st quarter of the year due to a strong backlist in sales. The biggest titles were Scalia by James Rosen. Letter to the American Church by Eric Metaxas, and When China Attacks by Colonel Grant Newsham. In the 2nd quarter, we're publishing Manhood by Josh Hawley and Life after Capitalism by George Gilder.
Expenses in the book publishing division were up 20.3%, primarily due to variable expenses from increased revenue and increased marketing and sales costs. On the M&A front, we closed on the purchase of three Miami radio stations in January, WMYM AM, WWFE AM, and WRHC AM, and three translators for $6.3 million for the FCC licenses and related broadcast assets. We're formatting the stations in Spanish language conservative news, conservative news talk, and Christian talk formats. On February first, we acquired the George Gilder line of investment products for no cash. We assume the deferred subscription liability and will pay the seller 25% of the net revenue generated from the assets acquired for a period of one year. I want to conclude my prepared remarks with a brief update on our capital structure.
In March, we issued $44.7 million in new 7.125% 2028 Notes and used the net proceeds to take out the remaining 6.75% 2024 Notes. We now have $159.4 million in 2028 Notes in addition to our revolver, which had $18.2 million drawn as of March 31st. With that, I'll turn the call back over to Evan for additional details on the quarter's performance and guidance for the Q2.
Thank you, Dave. For the Q1, total revenue increased 1.4% to $63.5 million. Operating expenses on a recurring basis increased 11.4% to $62.1 million. Adjusted EBITDA decreased to $1.4 million. Compared to last year, net broadcast revenue decreased 0.2% to $48.3 million, and broadcast operating expenses increased 12.3% to $42.8 million, resulting in station operating income of $5.5 million, a decrease of 46.4%. On a Same Station basis, net broadcast revenue decreased 0.5% to $48.1 million, and SOI decreased 41.6% to $6.0 million.
These Same Station results include broadcast revenue from 98 of our 103 radio stations and the network operations, representing 99.6% of our net broadcast revenue. As of March 31st, total debt was $177.6 million, made up of $159.4 million of 7.125% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 and $18.2 million outstanding on the asset-based loan facility. The leverage ratio was 6.19, as defined in Salem's credit agreements. On March 20th, 2023, we issued $44.7 million in new 7.125% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 at a discount for $41.9 million, resulting in an effective yield of 8.625%.
We used a portion of the proceeds of this borrowing to redeem the remaining $36.5 million of 6.75% Senior Secured Notes due 2024. The redemption of the 2024 Notes closed on March 27, 2023. We are currently working on a new revolver. Our current revolver matures in March of 2024. As soon as we have more information on this, we will certainly provide an update. Looking forward, for the Q2 of 2023, Salem is projecting total revenue to decline between 5% and 7% from Q2 2022 total revenue of $68.7 million.
Salem is also projecting operating expenses before gains or losses on the sale or disposal of assets, stock-based compensation expense, legal settlement, changes in the estimated fair value of contingent earn-out consideration, impairments, depreciation expense, and amortization expense to increase between 3% and 6% compared to the Q2 of 2022 non-GAAP operating expenses of $60.0 million. This concludes our prepared remarks. We will answer any questions. If you wish to ask a question, hit star one. If your question has been answered, hit star one to remove yourself from the queue. With that, I think we can open the call for Michael Kupinski at Noble. Let me see if I can get Mike to hear if we can hear Mike. Mike, I don't know if you can speak.
We able to open Michael's line so he could talk? Folks, as we mentioned earlier, our conference call service is experiencing some problems. They're on the line with us, but we're trying to do this ourselves because they're having some problems. Lucas is with the conference call company. Lucas, I don't know if there's something that you have to do on your end so that we can open up the caller's line, Michael Kupinski, to ask his questions. Mike, can you try speaking one more time? Wow. Yeah. Hold on. Let me... I was told please stand by. Let's pause for about 30 seconds and see if we can get this resolved.
Yeah. Once again, folks, we're so sorry. Not what we like right now.
Apologies, folks. Please stand by as we look to rectify this issue.
Having in the broadcast business, we'd be telling you to vamp right now.
Can we play a jingle or something?
Yeah. Dead air.
Guys, is the audience good?
I really can't hear you, but I can at least say who's got the first question if you can get Michael's line open.
Yes.
Now he just disappeared.
Michael's line is now open.
Hello?
Okay.
Yep.
Michael?
Can you hear me?
Yes.
Yes. We can hear you.
Oh. Yay. Okay. All right.
Sorry about that.
That's okay. I have a couple of clarifications. First of all, you mentioned that national spot decreased. How much in local was down? How much in the quarter? Can you just repeat that for me, please?
Yeah. Let me get back there. national spot increased, Michael, 20.7%, whereas local spot decreased by 8.3%.
Gotcha. Okay. A couple of questions here. You've obviously been building up Miami, and that seems like a unique opportunity. Can you discuss how the market is performing? If you can give us some thoughts. You know, I know there's a unique opportunity there in that market and was wondering if you think that those stations that you've acquired will swing profitable more, probably sooner than what you normally have as benchmarks for station acquisitions.
Well, you're right, Michael. We do think it's a great opportunity in Miami based on some other dynamics specific to that market that have taken place. We're pleased with the revenue growth we've seen already in that market. We've got a great leader in that market in Monica Rabassa. We're pleased with what she's been doing. We're also pleased with some other strategic moves we've made as of late there. In terms of the speed with which we'll get to profitability, you know, right now, I would say that we're optimistic that we'll become profitable more quickly than our pro formas were showing. I would say that right now that's cautious optimism.
Okay. Can you just discuss the nature of the expense increases? I know a lot of that has to do with Salem News, but can you kind of give us a thought, some thought process about how you're investing the money at this point? When will you start cycling the expense for Salem News? Just kind of give us a thought about how expenses should look for the balance of the year.
Evan and David can also chime in here. Overall, Michael, you know, we made a decision that we would use 2023 as an investment year in our digital infrastructure and in some other aspects of what we're doing, you know, in terms of digital advertising and digital revenue generation. For instance, we've hired a number of people with a specialty in social media marketing that are, you know, working with all of our network hosts and our podcast hosts on, you know, more effective social media marketing for them to build bigger audiences, 'cause bigger audiences mean more episode downloads on the podcast side, and that means more revenue for us. On the Salem News Channel, a number of positions that we needed to fill.
You know, some of them on the social media side, other in other audience-building aspects of the video business. Particular in an over in an OTT world, as well as just other technical positions that we needed to hire for. You know, all of that, we believe, is building a better future, but comes with pain in the, in the current year.
In terms of cycling through those additional expenses, those additional investments, I'd say you're looking at Q1 of next year.
Okay. If you could just talk a little bit about the revenues of the decline to 5% to 7%. Is there any one piece of that that maybe I know that typically you don't break out the segments and how each are performing, but I was just wondering if you can kinda just parse out for us what might be driving, you know, the nature of the expense decline or the revenue decline in the quarter, and then just give us a little added color if you can.
Let me say.
The biggest area of weakness is no surprise, local spot. The weakest advertising category, again, no surprise, is mortgages.
Right. Yep. Is there anything in particular in terms of the nature of the environment right now? I mean, can you kind of give us the tone of the advertising environment in general?
Well, I think we're, you know, we need to be smarter than ever when it comes to prospecting for business. You know, we're, it's coming right now from a lot of new business generation, and you've gotta be really smart because, you know, even when business gets a little tough, even radio stations that have been traditionally more reliant on agency-based business start going more aggressively after direct business. The competition heats up in the direct business world, it creates a need to be smarter than ever in terms of how we prospect for that business and what our presentations look like, and a lot of focus there.
Advertisers are concerned about the economy. They're concerned about the government's response to the state of the economy, the Fed's response to the state of the economy. Advertisers are cutting back spending cautiously, delaying decisions. It's a tough environment.
Yeah, Michael, I found it interesting that one of the advertising categories that grew in Q1 was auto parts. That's, you know, that's typically not a huge, you know, a category for us, people are hanging onto their cars. There's not really deals to be found on new cars these right now. People are less confident about spending their money, they're fixing their cars, which means auto parts are going up.
Mm-hmm. Interesting.
I thought that was just an interesting piece of information.
Yeah. You mentioned about $5 million annual savings, from some cost cuts that you initiated in the Q1. Would that be evenly split? Are you saying for full year 2023 or on an annualized basis? If you could just tell us, how much of the cost savings are in your guidance for Q2, and then when do you think most of that will fall in terms of expense savings?
I would say that's an annual number. You know, figure we took most of that action in late March, very late March. You will see that kinda, you know, split evenly over the next four quarters. You know, that's what's in our guidance for the Q1.
Okay. For the Q2. Okay.
I'm sorry, Q2.
Great.
Correct.
Yeah. Okay. All right. I'll let others ask questions. Thank you.
Thank you, Michael.
Thank you, Michael.
Michael, you might be the only question we could get on the phone. Do we have another question, Evan?
Yep.
Can we get another question?
Our next question comes from the line of Edward Reilly from EF Hutton. Your line is open.
Hey, guys. Can you hear me okay?
We can.
Yes.
Oh, great. Yeah, just wondering if you've been getting any inquiries for political advertising for next year yet, maybe if we should anticipate any at the back half of this year.
you know, I would say inquiries is probably too strong a word. There's a lot of kind of spade work being done politically right now, both by us and you know, as well as by the campaigns and the PACs. We're not at the point yet where we're getting, you know, an RFP or request for proposal, but a lot of questions going back and forth and some conversations taking place.
You know, we do expect, you know, political revenue coming in Q3 and Q4. I think the Republican debates kick off in August, and there'll be a series of the debates from August through the end of the year. Presumably, there'll be a bunch of candidates running, and they'll want to, you know, kind of market to our audience.
Okay, great. Wondering if you could maybe break down Q2 outlook by business segment in a little bit more granular fashion, if you could.
We don't usually break that down by segment when we give guidance. We just give overall. I can tell you, one of the drivers to the decline is publishing has a lighter schedule in Q2 of 2023 than Q2 of 2022, and so that is a, bigger decline there than we're seeing in other areas of the business.
Okay, great. Thank you so much, guys.
Obviously, the strongest area continues to be theater side.
Our next question comes from the line of David Marsh from Singular Research. Your line is open.
Hey, guys. Can you hear me?
[crosstalk ]
Not the first issue I've had with Chorus this earnings season. Maybe I should buy some AT&T common stock. Was wondering if you could provide us with a liquidity update, Evan, and just with regard to the balance of the year. It looks like it's gonna be kind of a tough free cash flow year this year, but do you feel like you have adequate liquidity to get through the year, you know, until the political stuff starts kicking in?
Yeah, well, Dave, we're certainly looking at liquidity. You know, we do have the asset-based loan facility, which will provide, you know, liquidity for the rest of the year. We also are looking at some asset sales where it makes sense. You know, we've been pretty opportunistic on some sales in the last few years, and we're looking at what else we might be able to monetize in particular with respect to real estate as we've done in the past.
That actually dovetails nicely into my follow-on question, which was going to be around what assets you may be considering selling. With regard to real estate in particular, are you still seeing pretty decent bids for assets in the real estate space in terms of it, you know, relative to what you own? Would you look at perhaps divesting anything else? If so, what would be kind of the, you know, pecking order in terms of, you know, types of things that you might look to divest?
I think the math is, whether it's real estate or a business is still kind of the same. It's, you know, how much value can we get versus what are we giving up in the way of free cash flow? Whether it be, you know, one of our, you know, a radio station or whether it be real estate, where maybe we even do a sale leaseback and have to, you know, pay a rent, it's kind of that same math that we're looking at. We're looking at what's the most attractive for us, giving up the least amount of free cash flow. You know, when we have something more concrete, we'll certainly provide an update.
The last question I have, I just was curious. I, you know, picked up in the press release on the bullet about the million and a half invested in the LLC for the motion picture. Could you give us a little bit more color around that and what the timing, you know, expected timing of that production might be and so on?
If you recall, last year, we invested in a movie with Dinesh D'Souza, 2000 Mules. We were the ex-executive producer and sole financier of that movie. It was a tremendous success for us. We agreed with Dinesh that we would again take that role for his next movie, you know, tentatively scheduled for early 2024. Kind of more news to come on the precise topic, but, you know, we're very excited to be partnered with Dinesh again. Last movie was a great success, and we're looking forward to another great success with him.
That's great. Really appreciate the color. Hey, thanks, guys. Appreciate it.
Thank you.
Thank you.
I would now like to turn the call over to David Santrella for closing remarks.
Okay. Well, I guess my closing remarks are sorry the call was such a, you know, technical, trial today. Thanks for being here. We'll talk to you again next quarter. Hopefully we'll have a better conference call experience. Bye.
Thank you, ladies and gentlemen. This does conclude today's call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect.