,Thank you for standing by. This is the conference operator. Welcome to the IAMGOLD fourth quarter and 2020 full year operating and financial results conference call and webcast. As a reminder, all participants are in listen-only mode, and the conference is being recorded. After the presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To join the question queue, you may press star then one on your telephone keypad. Should you need assistance during the conference call, you may signal an operator by pressing star and zero. At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Indi Gopinathan, Vice President, Investor Relations and Corporate Communications for IAMGOLD. Please go ahead.
Thank you very much, Sachi. Welcome everyone to the IAMGOLD fourth quarter and full year 2020 conference call. Joining me today on the call are Gordon Stothart, President and Chief Executive Officer, Carol Banducci, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer; Craig MacDougall, Executive Vice President, Growth, Bruno Lemelin, Senior Vice President, Operations and Projects, and Tim Bradburn, Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Corporate Secretary. Our remarks on this call will include forward-looking statements. Please refer to the cautionary language regarding forward-looking information in our disclosure documents. Be advised that the same cautionary language applies to our remarks during the call. During the call, non-GAAP measures will be referenced. We direct you to review the reconciliations in our disclosures relating to these measures. With respect to the technical information to be discussed, please refer to the technical information and qualified persons slide.
The slides referenced on this call can be viewed on our website. I will now turn the call over to our President and CEO, Gordon Stothart.
Well, thank you, Indi. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us. Reporting on our Q4 and 2020 results. 2020, certainly, I think a challenging year for the whole world. We're really eagerly looking forward to 2021. I'll start with the key highlights of the fourth quarter and the year. At the corporate level, IAMGOLD demonstrated its strong leverage to the gold price with a 280% increase year-over-year in mine site free cash flows, generating more than $223 million. We ended the year with almost $1 billion in cash and short-term investments on our balance sheet and nearly $1.5 billion in total liquidity. We continued to proactively manage the impacts of the global COVID-19 pandemic on our operations, development projects, and exploration activities with a rapid response and strict safety protocols.
Reflecting our long-held zero harm vision, we were recognized for our peer-leading environmental, social, and governance practices by a number of independent organizations. Focusing on governance, we embraced evolving best practices through board renewal. Switching to the operational highlights. Essakane continues to deliver with a strong finish to the year and its best quarterly performance in 2020 in Q4. Rosebel demonstrated a strong increase in mining rates in the fourth quarter. At Westwood, despite its challenges, was free cash flow positive and continued to process open pit ore from the adjacent Grand Duc satellite pit. Westwood has a significant resource base, and we are taking a cautious approach as we assess its business continuity plan while the underground mine is in care and maintenance mode following the seismic event last quarter.
At Côté, construction commenced in the fall of 2020 and continues to progress well, with major earthworks having commenced in January ahead of schedule. Looking forward, we continue to develop our districts with delineation drilling at Gosselin near Côté in support of an initial resource estimate later in the year, with project de-risking at Boto, and with further drilling at Meliene ahead of an updated resource. We are coming upon almost a year of living with COVID-19 in our midst. I'm proud of the rapid and adaptable response across the company to this challenging situation. Noteworthy efforts include, at Essakane, the reconfiguration of the camp to accommodate new protocols, establishment of a 20-bed field hospital at site, as well as setting up a medical confinement house in Ouagadougou for managing quarantines. With these protocols and systems in place, Essakane has been operating at normal capacity since Q3 2020.
At Westwood, no cases have arisen at site, with health and safety protocols implemented immediately upon restart last April following the government-mandated shutdown. After the seismic event in the fourth quarter, mill operations continued to operate under our well-established protocols, processing Grand Duc ore, while the mine remains suspended under care and maintenance. In fact, we have seen the mill achieve a record rate of throughput during this period. At Rosebel, the camp expansion is well advanced following the receipt of all the modules required, and we expect to accommodate our full workforce through the staged addition of 300 new beds by the second quarter of 2021. The site was operating at 75% of mining capacity at year-end and is currently operating at 85%.
At Côté, we've taken what we've learned from our operating sites and established robust testing and operating protocols to protect both the local communities and the workforce. To date, we have had no COVID-19 cases at Côté. Community support and engagement are fundamental aspects of our zero-harm commitment. In the fourth quarter 2020, COVID-19-related activities included, at Rosebel, the creation of a local community field squad to assist the local governments in promoting COVID-19 awareness and preventative measures. At Essakane, drones were deployed to help spread the message of awareness and social distancing. Through 2020, IAMGOLD contributed $1.5 million to local communities in which we operate globally, including cleaning equipment and supplies, protective medical equipment, and life support equipment. As you know, IAMGOLD is committed to achieving high standards in environmental, social, and governance practices, which reflect our long-held zero-harm vision.
Highlights of activities include hosting our annual Health, Safety, and Environment Days event over four days at Essakane, co-chaired by the Minister of Energy and the Ministry of Environment, Green Economy, and Climate Change of Burkina Faso. Completion of phase one of the Triangle public-private partnership to bring potable water to 60,000 people in Burkina Faso. We are also lobbying our partners and other stakeholders for the second phase of the Triangle project now that phase one has been completed, with the goal of extending water infrastructure to two other communities nearby our Essakane mine. Our ultimate goal is to bring potable water to 200,000 people in the area. Also at Essakane, we completed a one-year-long pilot internship program consisting of 10 local mining engineering students.
Our ESG efforts have been recognized by independent parties, including Moody's affiliate Vigeo Eiris assessment of environment, social, and governance practices, which ranked us fourth out of 45 sector peers, including senior producers. IAMGOLD's assessment reflected notable strengths in community involvement, environmental strategy, health and safety, and governance. MSCI's ESG ratings, where we maintained an A rating, placed IAMGOLD in the top third of precious metal companies. Bloomberg's 2021 Gender-Equality Index, where IAMGOLD was recognized for a third consecutive year among 380 global companies across various industries that foster a more inclusive and equitable workplace. The prestigious Corporate Knights 2021 Global 100 Sustainability Scorecard, where we have been ranked tenth out of 116 global mining companies reviewed and among 8,000 global companies spanning various industries reviewed. Looking forward to operations in 2021, we are planning for global production of 630,000 to 700,000 ounces for the year.
Cost of sales between $980-$1,030 per ounce sold. Total cash costs between $930 and $980 per ounce produced, and all-in sustaining costs between $1,230 and $1,280 per ounce sold. The first quarter of 2021 is expected to be at a slightly lower level of production than the second quarter of 2020 due to the Westwood underground operations being placed on care and maintenance with restart targeted for H2, and also due to lower production anticipated at Rosebel as the mining sequencing continues to advance to normal rates commensurate with camp expansion as described earlier. Costs are expected to be lower in the second half of 2021, benefiting from higher anticipated production relative to the first half of 2021. Guidance for the year reflects ongoing efforts to improve productivity and optimize performance across our operating sites while safeguarding operations against any resurgent COVID-19 risks.
Our 2021 outlook for capital expenditures includes at Essakane, sustaining capital of $60 million and non-sustaining capital expenditures of $90 million. At Rosebel, sustaining capital of $50 million and non-sustaining capital expenditures of $75 million. At Westwood, sustaining capital of $10 million and non-sustaining capital of $10 million. At Côté, development capital expenditures of $355 million. At Boto, de-risking capital expenditures of $60 million. For the year, total sustaining capital expenditures will be $120 million, while non-sustaining capital totals $590 million, ±5%. In 2021, we look forward to updating you on Rosebel resuming its operating cadence following the camp expansions, as well as completion of the Saramacca infrastructure construction. Essakane completing a mill optimization project in the first quarter of 2021 with expected improvement in hard rock ore processing capacity.
The advancement of our growth projects, including major earthworks at Côté and the expansion of the construction camp and access road, and project infrastructure de-risking work at Boto. In exploration at Gosselin, we are planning resource delineation work and targeting a maiden resource later this year. We are also planning resource delineation work at various projects, including Nelligan, the Rouyn project, and the recently acquired Fayolle property in Québec, Diaka in Mali, and the new Karita discovery in Guinea. On that note, I will now pass the call over to Carol to review our financial results.
Thank you, Gord, and good morning, everyone. As Gord mentioned, we demonstrated our leverage to the gold price in the year, generating $223 million in mine site free cash flow, an increase of 280% over the prior year. Mine site free cash flow was $78 million in the fourth quarter. We continue to prudently manage our balance sheet, recognizing that we have a substantial capital allocation to our transformational growth project, Côté Gold. As at year-end, we had $948 million in cash equivalents, and short-term investments, excluding restricted cash of $39 million. Combined with our largely undrawn credit facility of $500 million, our liquidity at year-end was nearly $1.5 billion. This month, we further extended the maturity of $490 million available under the credit facility by one year to January 2025. With this level of liquidity, we believe we are well-positioned to execute on our growth plans.
In the fourth quarter and subsequent to year-end, we were able to execute favorable hedges on gold, fuel, and currency. These activities included the addition of gold hedge collars for 2021 in the range of $1,600-$2,800 per ounce on 78,040 ounces, and gold hedge collars on 24,000 ounces at $1,700-$2,700 per ounce. That covers the first half of 2023. I'll just pause there because we have received some questions overnight around the collars. Just to be clear, they are collars. If gold prices are, in the last case, below $1,700, then we receive a floor price of $1,700. If the gold price is above $2,700, then we're capped at $2,700, and any spot price of gold between that range, we will receive.
In addition, we received a number of zero-cost collar options on fuel contracts at prices below $55 per barrel for the period 2021 through 2024. For IAMGOLD's share of the Côté Gold Project cost, forwards and collars are being used to mitigate our currency risk. For 2021, approximately 44% of the Canadian dollar exposure is hedged in the range of 1.28-1.47. This, together with nearly CAD 145 million of Canadian dollars that we have on hand, increased the 2021 Canadian dollar hedged position to 73%. For 2022, approximately 28% of the Canadian currency exposure for Côté was hedged in the range of 1.30-1.48. For 2023, approximately 65% of the Canadian currency exposure was hedged in the range of 1.30-1.46.
Looking forward to 2021, we expect depreciation to range from $295 million-$305 million, with cash taxes ranging from $78 million-$88 million for the year. Note that in 2020, we have reported COVID-19 expenses in other expenses, given the assessment that they are incremental costs that do not typically form part of the cost of our production and are therefore not reflected in our unit costs. Turning to the fourth quarter financial results, revenues were $348 million, up 18% from the prior period and 4% over the third quarter. Adjusted net earnings for the quarter were $19 million or $0.04 per share, impacted by the removal of deferred tax recoveries arising solely from the movement in foreign exchange rates. That was mostly Essakane, where we saw the EUR at the beginning of the year go from 1.12 to 1.22 relative to the US dollar.
We also incurred higher G&A expenses related to executive retirements and higher depreciation expense. Net cash from operating activities before changes in working capital totaled $108 million, and a gross profit margin was just over 24%, representing a significant improvement over the prior year period of 14%. For the year ended 2020, revenues were $1.24 billion on higher realized gold prices, partially offset by lower sales volumes year-over-year. Cost of sales remained essentially flat, reflecting lower depreciation expense, partially offset by higher royalties due to higher gold prices. Adjusted net earnings for the year were $88 million, or $0.19 per share. Net cash from operating activities before changes in working capital totaled $368 million, and a gross profit margin averaging 20% for the year. mine site free cash flows reflect free cash flows from our operating mine sites, with development capital and non-mine site activities adjusted out.
As we noted earlier, mine site free cash flows have been robust, reflecting a 41% increase in the fourth quarter of 2020 from the same period in 2019, a 280% increase year-over-year. Following the strength in gold prices and our prudent management of the balance sheet, our liquidity, excluding restricted cash and including our largely undrawn $500 million credit facility, is nearly $1.5 billion. During the year, we successfully refinanced our bonds at a 5.75% coupon rate for $450 million due in October 2028. Both S&P and Moody's credit rating agencies reaffirmed IAMGOLD's stable outlook following the refinancing. As I noted earlier, this month, we extended the maturity of $490 million under the credit facility to January 2025.
Given our liquidity and institutionalized prudence in balance sheet management and risk management measures, combined with the anticipated free cash flows from our existing operations, we believe we are well-positioned financially for the construction of our transformational Côté Gold Project. My last slide here, as you can see, our disciplined approach positions us as a leader amongst our peers with a net cash position and leading liquidity. With that, I will now pass the call to Bruno to discuss operations.
Thank you, Carol. IAMGOLD is committed to the health and safety of our employees. In 2020, I am pleased to say, particularly given the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, that we outperformed our health and safety targets. For 2020, our DART and TRFR rates were 0.46 and 0.67, respectively, per 200,000 hours worked. Unfortunately, the fourth quarter performance was affected by the Westwood seismic incident. With that being said, we were still able to meaningfully outperform our annual DART and TRIF targets and achieve noteworthy year-over-year improvements of 10% and 23%, respectively. We continue to implement several initiatives, including IAMSAFE, the revamped health and safety management program, to promote a safe work environment. We just released our updated reserve and resource estimate for 2020, which reflects 13.9 million ounces in attributable proven and probable reserves for a 17% decline year-over-year.
23.9 million ounces in attributable measured and indicated resources for a 12% decline year-over-year, and 11.3 million ounces in attributable inferred resources for a 6% decline year-over-year. The updated figures reflect the sales of the non-core Sadiola mine at the end of 2020. Excluding the sale of Sadiola, total attributable proven and probable reserves decreased by 1.2 million ounces or 7%. The updated figures also include operating mine depletion and the reclassification of reserves at Westwood previously reported in August of last year. Mining is a depleting activity, and this is the first time in several years that we have seen a decline in our reserves and resources. However, as Craig will discuss, we are working hard in exploration to develop further resource potential. For the quarter, we are reporting total consolidated attributable production of 169,000 ounces and attributable gold sales of 172,000 ounces.
Cost of sales of $1,045 per ounce sold. Total cash cost of $998 per ounce produced, and all-in sustaining cost of $1,294 per ounce sold. We achieved the midpoint of 2020 production guidance reporting total consolidated attributable production of 653,000 ounces, cost of sales of $1,057 per ounce sold, total cash cost of $984 per ounce produced, and all-in sustaining cost of $1,232 per ounce sold. I will now review each operation in turn. At Essakane, attributable gold production was 103,000 ounces for the quarter and 364,000 ounces for the year. Production was up quarter-over-quarter due to the mining of high-grade zones, though partially offset by lower recoveries due to graphitic ore. Total cash costs for the year were $936 per ounce produced, up year-over-year due to increased royalties on higher gold prices and higher operating costs due to stockpiles, the drawdowns, and increased cyanide consumption.
All-in sustaining costs for the year were $1,098 per ounce sold, up year-over-year due to higher cost of sale, partially offset by lower sustaining capital. I note that the election process in Burkina Faso was concluded smoothly with the prior administration reelected. As Gord noted earlier, at Essakane, we have reconfigured the camp to accommodate new COVID-19 protocols and have been operating at normal capacity since the third quarter. We have a steady production outlook for 2021 with additional pushback work planned. The mill optimization project is targeted for completion in the first quarter with an anticipated 10% improvement in ore processing. As you can see from the table, 2020 reserves and resources were updated to include annual mine depletion. At Rosebel, attributable gold production for the full fourth quarter was 52,000 ounces, demonstrating a steady increase in mining activity.
Rosebel recovered from the mid-year suspension, reaching 75% operating capacity at year-end, and is operating at 85% currently. For the full year, Rosebel produced 210,000 ounces of gold, reflecting the suspension and the gradual resumption of the mining activity. We have established off-site field hospital facility to accommodate any cases. Total cash costs for the year of $1,017 per ounce produced were higher year-over-year. Lower production volumes from the temporary suspension mid-year and higher royalties on higher gold prices are among the main drivers of the increase. All-in sustaining costs were $1,224 per ounce sold for the year, higher year-over-year due to higher cost of sales offset by lower sustaining capital. In terms of ESG, the Rosebel Community Fund is operational with two worthy projects funded, one for solar energy and another for potable water in the village of Pikin Saramacca.
Our COVID-19 protocols are in place, and we expect to reach our normal workforce capacity in the first quarter of 2021. In 2021, our outlook reflects pit sequencing and the shift of waste stripping from 2020. We expect to complete the non-critical path infrastructure for Saramacca in the first half of 2021 and continue the collective labor agreement negotiation process. Year-end 2020 reserves and resources noted in the table below were updated to include annual mine depletion. On this slide, you can see an aerial and direct view of the truck shop, on-site genset, the tire shop, the 23 km haul road, and bridge, which was completed, achieving a noteworthy milestone of zero lost time incidents over more than 700,000 work hours. Westwood produced 14,000 ounces in the fourth quarter 2020, with the mill processing stockpiles and Garzweiler open pit ore while the underground remained suspended.
For the full year, Westwood produced 79,000 gold ounces. Both figures were lower than the prior year periods due to the suspension. I will note that the Garzweiler transitioning to 24-hour, seven-day-a-week mining, the Westwood mill achieved the highest annual mill throughput performance seen since 2005. total cash costs for the year were $1,117 per ounce produced, higher year-over-year on lower production. All-in sustaining costs for the year were $1,286 per ounce sold, higher year-over-year due to higher cost of sales partially offset by lower sustaining capital due to the COVID-19 restrictions and the underground mine suspension. From a COVID-19 perspective, Westwood was impacted in late Q1 with a government-mandated shutdown, from which we were able to establish strong protocols to manage the health and safety of our workforce. These protocols continue to work well.
Our outlook for Westwood in 2021 is tempered by the pending business resiliency plan. Our National Instrument 43-101 report, published in August 2020, is paused as a result. We anticipate a restart at Westwood in the second half of 2021, targeting safe extraction from multiple zones. In addition, we are advancing the Fayolle study to assess the potential of assets in the Westwood's hub-and-spoke concept. Reserve and resources increased slightly net of annual depletion with the addition of incremental ounces from the Grand Duc open pit deposit, as we incorporated more drilling data completed in 2020. Underground reserves and resources were adjusted for mine depletion with no further refinements. The hub-and-spoke model for Westwood is based on the excess capacity we have at the mill, which acts as a hub, with regional targets acting as spokes.
This model would see Garzweiler ore feed eventually followed by Fayo ore feed pending permitting, with target production for Fayo commencing at the end of 2022 and running for two years. I will now provide an update on our construction project, Côté Gold. We believe the Côté Gold Project meets the criteria of a Tier 1 asset, boasting a long life, potentially exceeding 18 years of mine life, 493,000 ounces of gold production annually in the first five years on a 100% attributable basis. 2nd quartile total cash cost of $600 per ounce, 2nd quartile all-in sustaining cost of $771 per ounce. Côté is located in a mining-friendly jurisdiction with further potential upside for exploration.
We expect the Côté Gold Project to add tremendous value to IAMGOLD with a net present value of $2.5 billion and an internal rate of return of 25.9% on a 100% basis at a gold price of $1,900 per ounce. We are proud to have strong stakeholder relationships with joint venture partner Sumitomo, indigenous communities Flying Post and Mattagami, and our host Northern communities. As of December 31st, 2020, detailed engineering for Côté has advanced to approximately 73% complete. In the fourth quarter, camp construction progressed on plan, along with road access development and the finalization of fish salvage activities. Major earthworks commenced earlier this year ahead of schedule. Last year, we spent approximately $51 million on Côté construction. In addition, approximately 45% of the total expenditures range referenced from July 1st, 2020, is committed.
We have continued to advance our permitting for construction, anticipating in due course four additional approvals under the Lakes and Rivers Improvement Act, approximately 10 miners permits, and approvals. You can see here pictures of the construction camp at Côté, the processing plant location, earthworks activity, the earthworks laydown area, the Arctic corridor installation, and construction equipment. I like to highlight this slide because it demonstrates Côté's sensitivity to the gold price, with both after-tax net present value and internal rates of return shifting dramatically up in the current gold price environment. While we are pleased to see this potential, our internal modeling for Côté is based on conservative prices and assumptions so that this project is defensively positioned for gold price volatility. I will now turn the call over to Craig to discuss development and exploration.
Thank you, Bruno, and good morning, everyone. Before I begin, please note that the results I talk about today have been previously disclosed in accordance with securities regulations and signed off by the qualified persons within the company reporting them. In 2020, our exploration spend was $36.3 million, compared to $47 million in 2019, exclusive of project studies. A reduction largely reflective of the impacts of COVID-19 restrictions on our exploration programs in various regions. In 2021, planned exploration spending totals $56 million, split approximately 60/40 between greenfield and brownfield targets. I will now review a few highlights from the exploration work completed in 2020. At our Nelligan project in Canada, we reported assay results from our 2020 infill expansion diamond drilling program throughout the year. Starting in the second quarter, highlights included 25.1 meters grading 1.9 grams per ton gold and 27 meters grading 2.9 grams per ton gold.
Additional assay results were reported in the third quarter, with highlights of 39.1 meters grading 2.1 grams per ton gold and 34.5 meters grading 1.9 grams per ton gold. Finally, the remaining results from this program were reported in the fourth quarter of 2020 and included 17.3 meters grading 7.6 grams per ton gold and 21.8 meters grading 2 grams per ton gold. At our Gosselin discovery, adjacent to the Côté Gold deposit in Ontario, we reported assay results in January 2021 from 24 diamond drill holes totaling just over 10,000 meters, completed as part of our 2019/2020 delineation drilling program, which continued to intersect wide zones of alteration and associated mineralization similar to that observed at the Côté Gold deposit itself. Highlights included 86 meters grading 5.6 grams per ton gold, which included a 30.5-meter interval grading 14.7 grams per ton gold.
As well, we had 164 meters grading 1.5 grams per ton gold, 417.3 meters grading 1.0 grams per ton gold, which included 197.3 meters grading 1.6 grams per ton gold. Another intersection of 202 meters grading 1.2 grams per ton gold and 353 meters grading 1.0 grams per ton gold, which included a 46-meter interval grading 3.4 grams per ton gold. Very impressive intersections from that program. At Boto, we completed 23,000 meters of infill reverse circulation drilling aimed at resource conversion. At our Monster Lake project in Canada, we successfully consolidated our ownership to 100% and reported assay results from the 2020 drilling program targeting the Annie Shear Zone area along strike from the defined mineral resources at the 325-Megane Zone.
Drill highlights from that program included 3.8 meters grading 16.9 grams per ton gold, 2.8 meters grading 5.6 grams per ton gold, and 12.3 meters grading 2.1 grams per ton gold. As we have shown before, industry reserves have been on a steady decline since 2012, representing a significant challenge to the future of our industry. IAMGOLD has worked hard to differentiate ourselves from this industry trend, and although this year we did see a decline, primarily due to the sale of the non-core asset at Sadiola, the usual mine depletion from our annual mine production, and a reclassification of reserves that Westwood announced earlier in the year, we continue to commit to discovery-oriented exploration programs to support future growth. In 2021, we have several brownfield exploration targets.
At Essakane, drilling is focused on resource potential at targets within trucking distance of the mine and includes our Gem target, Korozina, and Tisiri. At Rosebel, we are focused on resource development at our existing deposits and the exploration of high-potential targets within our extensive concessions. At Westwood, we are planning continued resource definition drilling and development, supported by geotechnical drilling, along with plans to advance our regional greenfield targets, including the further delineation of the Lac Gamble zone at the Rouyn Gold Project. This work will support a future maiden resource estimate for this target. We are planning the evaluation of the resource potential at the historic Augmitto deposit and the Cinderella Zone, also at the Rouyn Gold Project. At the Gosselin discovery, located 1.5 kilometers northeast of the Côté deposit, continued delineation drilling is in progress to support an initial resource estimate later this year.
At the Boto Gold Project in Senegal, $60 million in capital expenditures is planned in 2021 for the continued de-risking of the project, including the construction of an all-year access road, engineering for critical plant equipment, and advancement of sustainability programs to both promote social collaboration with local communities and ensure adequate environmental protection. It is important to note that the capital cost estimate in the optimization study reflects pricing as of the second quarter of 2019 and is deemed to have an overall accuracy of ±15%. The study estimate excludes escalation, inflation, and the impact of project and schedule changes. The de-risking activities at Boto will help position the project for an eventual construction decision, subject to market conditions and the construction progress at Côté, among other factors.
Boto anchors our Bambouk district, where exploration efforts have led to several additional discoveries, building on the resource potential of the area. In 2021, infill drilling is planned at the Diaka deposit in Mali in order to upgrade additional inferred resources, while at Karita in Guinea, initial delineation drilling is planned to support a future maiden resource estimate. In North America, exploration at the Nelligan deposit in Quebec is intended to focus on resource expansion after the drilling results from the 2020 program confirm the extension of mineralization beyond the current resource boundaries. This program will help support the completion of an updated resource estimate in the second half of 2021, while drilling at the nearby Monster Lake project will work to evaluate the resource potential of the Annie Shear Zone target area. Finally, I will finish with our project pipeline.
Competition for and access to quality exploration projects at acceptable entry cost remain challenging for the industry, and especially so in the face of the current environment of bullish gold prices. At IAMGOLD, we believe that a robust and balanced project pipeline, strategically assembled and advanced, is a fundamental asset for the future viability of any mining company. As such, IAMGOLD has developed and continues to invest in a healthy pipeline of early to advanced greenfield exploration projects to support future growth, as well as support near mine brownfield programs with a view to extend mine lives and leverage our existing infrastructure. With that, I will now pass the call over to Gord to conclude.
Well, thank you very much, Craig. IAMGOLD is beginning an exciting transformation as we focus on the future through the execution of our growth pipeline. In 2020, we announced the decision to proceed with the construction of the Côté Gold Project located in Ontario, which, along with the de-risking of the Boto Project in Senegal, positions IAMGOLD in a few years' time as a 1 million-ounce producer with all-in sustaining costs well below $1,000 per ounce, greater geographic balance, and long-life mines. We look forward to continuing our quarterly conversations with you on IAMGOLD's operating mines, construction progress at Côté, de-risking progress at Boto, and exploration news. Thank you to everyone for joining our call today. I will now pass the call back over to the operator.
Thank you. We will now begin the question and answer session. To join the question queue, you may press star then one on your telephone keypad. You will hear a tone acknowledging your request. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing any keys. To withdraw your question, please press star then two. The first question is from Fahad Tariq from Credit Suisse. Please go ahead.
Hi. Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. On Westwood, can you give some more color on what the business continuity plan assessment entails? It sounds like the decision to access underground in the second half of the year has already been made, and I'm guessing that's already baked into the guidance. Maybe talk about what exactly is being evaluated in that plan, and how could that change the way it's mined this year, or what that means for the guidance this year. Thanks.
Bruno, would you like to discuss that?
Yes. In fact, as you mentioned, we keep investigating the incident from October 30th. What we want to make sure is that we don't have the same condition in the other zones where we're going to be mining. We're finalizing some geotech drilling , logging, and analyzing, just to ensure that Westwood remains safe, profitable, and sustainable over time once we restart. This is what we're doing. We can have some line of sight as to when we expect to restart the operation. However, we need to, again, finalize the investigation first.
Does the guidance for this year already incorporate accessing the underground or parts of the underground in the second half? Or is that upside?
Yeah.
Yes.
Roughly around 50% of the ounces in the guidance are deemed to come from underground. That being said, Grand Duc is already somewhat overproducing. The guidance is based on an assumption of a second-half restart at a limited pace initially, and then building through the remainder of the year.
Okay, great. That's very clear. That's it for me. Thanks.
The next question is from Josh Wilson from RBC Capital Markets. Please go ahead.
Thanks. With regards to this royalty transaction, what payments would you expect to receive upfront? Is there any sort of anchor asset that's driving the overall value?
Craig, did you want to cover that?
Sure, I can do that. The portfolio is essentially a group of historical royalty assets that date back, some of them date back quite far in the company's history. I wouldn't say there's any specific anchor assets in there. There are variable attributable values depending on what the asset is. There's not an overall singular anchor asset that's driving the value. It's just a collection of well-positioned royalties we've had over time that in the current environment, have value. We've assembled those and had groups looking at them, and essentially, the transaction that's documented in our release is the value that was put on it by the potential purchaser or the one that will be purchasing it. It will be essentially all cash upfront, as has been documented in the disclosure.
Okay, got it. For Côté, I understand the capital ranges have been reiterated within the overall expenditures so far. Is there any sort of additional insight you can provide on directionally what's come in ahead of expectation, what's come in below? Just giving us some insight on some of the different inflation or perhaps even maybe deflation trends you're seeing on the line items.
As we're working through on our commitments and signing up our firm contracts, we're not seeing anything that is wildly outside of what our initial budgets were. We have allocated some contingency to cover off some things. There are a few areas where we've gained some contingency back. Given the level of engineering that we had by the time we actually came out with the construction announcement and understanding that a lot of the stuff was pre-negotiated, we really haven't seen a lot of surprises one way or the other. Obviously, the things still to be determined are volume variances on earth moving. The fact we've already started our major earthworks on the tailings and the plant site already, as you saw from the photos that Bruno had up, and we'll be starting on the pit.
Pit volumes, we're not very worried about seeing a lot of volume variances there. The other zones in the tailings will be up and out of the ground, have a lot of those foundation items out of the way by the end of the summer this year. As we're working through things, Josh, it's more or less going as planned. There are minor variances, nothing has really sort of caused us too much concern on a materiality basis, either up or down. Again, it's just because of how far advanced the project was when we launched it, that's sort of the same concept we're going through for Boto as we look at that.
Okay. Maybe last question on Gosselin, and looking at the opportunity there for the resource in the second half of the year. Assuming that turns out to be as expected in a larger contribution to resources and perhaps reserves, would that result in any potential scope changes for the project? I know there's obviously some constraints on tailings, but is there anything maybe between today and actual first production where you would look at leveraging what that opportunity could be in the mine plan?
It's a great question, Josh. It's certainly something we've had a look at. That being said, we really are focused on executing the project that we've laid out. I don't have any problem in saying the design of the plant already has baked in a potential future expansion of around 20%. That's actually built into the design and the layouts. We're not planning on building that future expansion at this point in time. That is one of the considerations we'll be looking at. The other place that Gosselin probably has some applicability, if you look at the production profile and the grade profile for Côté over the life of the mine, we have a good run of six or seven years at relatively high grades, and then we get into a lower grade valley, if you will, in the production portfolio.
Obviously, we're still evaluating what Gosselin looks like, assuming it has similar grade distribution, and especially if there's any nicer grade areas closer to surface, there would be an opportunity for us to really look at maybe filling over that valley with higher grade material from Gosselin if the opportunity presents itself. Those are the two main impacts we see from Gosselin, we're in the process of evaluating, we're really focused on executing that project as is.
Great. Thank you very much.
As a reminder, it is star one to ask a question. The next question is from Anita Soni from CIBC World Markets. Please go ahead.
Good morning, everyone. First question, I think, is with respect to Saramacca. There was some commentary in the release last night about the grades out of Saramacca. Can you just give a little bit of color about what's going on there? Q4 was a little lighter than I had expected, but overall, how can we expect grades to evolve into 2021 there, both at Saramacca and at Rosebel proper?
Bruno?
Hello, Anita. For 2020, as we were, in fact, developing the Saramacca project, we got access to the first ore packets, which were lower-grade material. The first blocks of mineralization had showings with a grade that is lower than average. We expect for 2021 to have the grade to go closer to the average of the deposit. After that, again, increasing over time. That's going to help in terms of gold production overall. Same thing for Gross Rosebel for our other pits. We know we have some stripping to do. There's some stripping that were supposed to be done in 2020 that we're going to do some catch-up in 2021 due to the reduced capacity we have with the mining crew. After that, we also expect, after a couple of years, to have the grade to increase as well for Rosebel.
Okay. Was that in line with your expectations around the first few pockets, or is that what the block model was predicting, or was that something?
Yeah. Far it's reconciled very good, and we are satisfied to some extent to what we are seeing right now. Again, it depends on the pit sequencing and also the position of your shovel. Again, right now we don't have any surprise for Saramacca.
Yeah. Sorry, I was just going to say, the topography of Saramacca was such that we started sort of in the southeast on the highest part of the deposit. The grade does improve a little bit as you move towards the northwest or west-northwest. As we're obviously mining down in the sequence and gaining access further and further west, you will see those grades come up. The reconciliation for Saramacca has actually gone very, very well.
Okay. Just still on Saramacca, but more about the reserves and resources. I noticed in the M&I category, there's some higher grade material. Is that the underground and that's why it's not in reserves right now?
We haven't included any of the underground in resources. The higher grade is, there's a zone closer to the northwest that we'll get down into in the mining. We haven't included any underground yet in resources.
Okay, that pocket that it was like a 3.8 gram per ton material, is there a reason why it's not in the reserves right now?
I'd have to circle back with you, Anita. I need to look at that. I don't know if Craig or Bruno have some insight there.
It was late last night, so maybe I'm confusing things.
No problem. No.
We can take it offline.
Yeah. I think just to remember resources are done at $1,500. The reserve shells are done at $1,200. It's just looking at the stripping ratio and the assumptions at the time. We can look into it, Anita, for a bit more color on that.
That does make sense.
Yeah. Okay.
That does make sense, because it might be getting down into those underground zones, even with a pit at that higher price.
Got it. Okay. Just in terms of the actual reserve resource update, as you guys had mentioned, you usually have a pretty strong track record of reserve replacement. I think it's almost a decade running. Understanding that COVID hit everybody this year, could you just talk about why reserve replacement was almost nil? Was it just a matter of timing, or was there something that kind of held back getting some of your reserves converted or drilling done, or was it just a matter of not enough drilling done this year?
Originally, we had planned for more fulsome reserve and resource updates at the sites. We did sacrifice drill programs in 2020 as we adjusted for COVID and camp capacity. Yeah, it's mostly a matter of us understanding where those reserves and resources are. That being said, we have restarted those programs, and we do expect that we'll be able to give a better picture this year. We're also looking at what our mining sequences and everything are doing. I think also important to point out that we've retained a $1,200 gold price for reserve definition. Mostly to really protect cash flows through the construction period for Côté and eventually Boto. On the shorter life assets, at some point in time, we'll need to think about what gold prices we apply, because there's certainly much more gold at Essakane and Rosebel that is potentially accessible under a higher price.
Okay, last question from me is with respect to the special unity levy, is that what they're calling it?
Yes.
In Suriname. At your best understanding, is that that's just for this year and it'll expire into 2022?
That's the way it's been written. It's for this year. We're still in discussions with them as to how that applies.
Okay, that's as a result of COVID, or was there some other precipitator for that?
I think the new government coming in, the treasury was in a bit of a mess. They've done a lot of work on refinancing the country and trying to get things straightened out. Several years of lower gold prices and oil prices hadn't helped them. I think they're just trying to put the house in order. The reason it's relatively temporary, and something that a lot of developing countries don't have, is they recently had a significant oil find in Suriname, the expectation is that as that gets developed over time, it will significantly change the finances of the country. It's a short- and medium-term issue more than a systemic long-term issue for them.
Okay. Thank you very much.
The next question is from Tanya Jakusconek from Scotiabank. Please go ahead.
Good morning, everybody. Just wanted to circle back to Westwood and appreciate some of the information on what's happening there with the geotechnical drilling and logging, and trying to assess the other parts of the mine and the impact. Just a question for when are we going to get some more clarity for the longer-term outlook for this mine? We're obviously waiting. We've had a change in sort of the mine plan, I guess, and we are now looking at to more satellite deposits being supplemented to the production profile. When are we going to get an update on the long term?
Bruno?
Yes. Thank you, Gordon. Look, we have issued 43-101 in August last year, and it was composed of not only de-risking some mineral areas, but also was including new mining methods. We firmly believe that these new mining methods is going to be key for the future success of Westwood. Where we had the seismic event, it was an area where it was developed back in 2016. Right now, that area was almost already mined out. For the future development and for the future extraction at Westwood, we're going to rely on those new mining methods. That is still in the plans. Again, it's just what we are planning to mine in 2021. Just want to validate that the conditions that were present during the seismic event of October 30th are not replicated in the other zone, where we had prior development.
Once we have this assurance and we restart, we're going to have a rejuvenation and update of our life of mine, including those new mining methods, and we'll be able to publish it. Probably in the next quarters, we'll be able to have a better signal with regard to the longevity of Westwood. With the underhand longhole stope, it's clearly going to help us out in diffusing the constraint away from the mining zone. We have asked many experts. We have many from all around the world working on the Westwood plan, and we are confident that with this new mining method, it's going to help us out in having, again, a more predictable and safe and sustainable mine.
We just need to make sure that we do our check and balance with that geotech data before restarting, and after that, completing the new zones with those new mining methods. It's not all the zones at Westwood that have been developed. We still have many other zones to develop, but needs to be developed with the new mining methods and the new mine stope sequencing as well. Those new practices will be put in place.
This concludes the time allocated for questions on today's call. I will now hand the call back over to Indi Gopinathan for closing remarks.
Thank you very much, Sachi, and thanks to everyone for joining us this morning and for your continued interest in IAMGOLD. We look forward to having you join us again for our first quarter 2021 conference call in May. Goodbye.
This concludes today's conference call. You may disconnect your lines. Thank you for participating, and have a pleasant day.