Hello, this is the co-conference call conference operator. Welcome to the Vecima Networks third quarter fiscal 2023 earnings conference call and webcast. As a reminder, all participants are in listen-only mode, and the conference is being recorded. After the presentation, there'll be an opportunity to ask questions. Analysts and institutional investors who wish to join the question queue, simply press star then one on your touchtone phone. You will hear a tone acknowledging your request. If you're using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing any keys. Should anyone need assistance during the conference call, they may signal an operator by pressing star then zero. Presenting today on behalf of Vecima Networks are Sumit Kumar, President and CEO, and Dale Booth, Chief Financial Officer. Today's call will begin with executive commentary on Vecima's financial and operational performance for the third quarter fiscal 2023 results.
Lastly, the call will finish with a question-and-answer period for analysts and institutional investors. The press release announcing the company's third quarter fiscal 2023 results, as well as a detailed supplemental investor information, are posted on Vecima's website at www.vecima.com under the Investor Relations heading. The highlights provided in this call should be understood in conjunction with the company's interim condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the three and nine months ended March 31st, 2023 and 2022. Certain statements in this conference call and webcast may constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of applicable securities law. All statements other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements. These statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding management's intentions, beliefs or current expectations with respect to market and general economic conditions, future sales and revenue expectations, future costs and operating performance.
These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict and/or are beyond our control. A number of important factors could cause actual outcomes and results to differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements. These factors include, but are not limited to, the current significant general economic uncertainty and credit and financial market volatility, including the impact of COVID-19 and the distinctive material impact on or constitute risk factors in respect of Vecima's future financial performance as set forth under the heading Risk Factors in the company's Annual Information Form dated September 22, 2022, a copy of which is available at www.sedar.com. In addition, a lthough the forward-looking statements in these earnings calls are based on what management believes are reasonable assumptions, such assumptions may prove to be correct.
Consequently, attendees should not place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. In addition, t hese forward-looking statements relate to the date on which they are made. Vecima disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. At this time, I would like to turn the conference over to Mr. Kumar to proceed with his remarks. Please go ahead.
Thank you and welcome everyone to our third quarter conference call. With 12 quarters of rapid growth behind us and a remarkable more than 2.5x rise in run rate revenues in just two years, I'm pleased to report that Vecima's strong performance continued in Q3 as we set another high watermark for consolidated sales. Our third quarter revenues climbed an impressive 54% year-over-year, culminating in new quarterly consolidated sales, a new record of CAD 78.3 million. As we expected, our Video and Broadband Solutions segment, and specifically our next generation Entra products, were the primary driver of these results. Entra sales climbed to CAD 62.7 million during the quarter, more than double what we achieved in the same period last year.
This was driven in part by the best quarter yet for our Entra optical products as we supported scale rollouts for broadly funded rural broadband expansions of fiber-to-the-home . We also continue to realize strong sales for other Entra family products, including our Remote PHY nodes. Looking at Entra sales as a whole, Vecima is clearly benefiting from our industry-leading portfolio of DAA cable and fiber access products, as well as our growing base of customers. Our total customer engagements for Entra grew to 106 broadband service providers worldwide in Q3, up from 83 a year earlier. We've built up not just the number of relationships, but the depth and breadth of these relationships as well. In many cases with multiple network rollout programs across multiple product categories in cable and fiber access.
As an example, during Q3, Charter Communications selected Vecima to provide our new ERM3 next generation Remote PHY devices for their planned cable access network upgrade. We expect our solution will be used for a substantial portion of Charter's footprint-wide cable access network upgrade to DAA. We also grew our presence in Asia with a strategic Remote PHY win with Taiwan's largest cable operator. As we've expanded our customer base and built volumes, our share of the expanding global market for broadband access has grown as well. Dell'Oro Group, a leading research group in the telecommunications space, recently released its market share calculations for the global DAA market in 2022. Vecima was again identified as the global market share leader in two key categories: Remote Optical Line Terminals and Remote MACPHY. Our share has grown in other categories as ell.
Looking at other contributors to our Q3 results, our Content Delivery and Storage segment generated a solid sales contribution of CAD 11.8 million in Q3 on strong IPTV demand, as well as significant increase in CDS services revenues. The latter was up 31% year-over-year to a record CAD 5.6 million in services in CDS. In terms of IPTV expansion activity, six of our existing customers undertook network expansions during the quarter, including a top 10 U.S. cable operator. This customer is growing their network footprint to give a larger subscriber base access to state-of-the-art live, on-demand, and Cloud DVR streaming services on the IPTV fabric. Subsequent to the quarter end, we established a new partnership with Cadent, the largest independent platform for advanced TV advertising.
Vecima is partnering with Cadent to use our MediaScale streaming solution with Cadent's Aperture platform to support and protect existing linear ad revenue as operators migrate to new IPTV platforms. This combination will also create opportunities for incremental, dynamically targeted advertising revenue. One additional achievement I want to mention is the continued success of our CDS solutions in supporting very large-scale live streaming events. During Q3, our IPTV customers streamed the Super Bowl live using our MediaScale platform, with network capacity utilization exceeding all prior peaks in streaming traffic. Not only were these operators able to support a record level of traffic during the game, but they did so while maintaining 100% uptime and leading video quality. In the process, we continued to demonstrate the robustness and reliability of Vecima's streaming solutions at major viewership scales.
Turning to our Telematics segment, we achieved an excellent quarter with a 20% year-over-year increase in sales. It was our best quarter to date for movable asset customer wins. We added 60 new customers in all in assets, which combined represent over 300 new subscriptions, and we significantly increased the number of movable assets being monitored to over 40,000 units. That represents a 266% increase over a period of eight quarters in movable assets. Our results were further supported by continued rollout related to a recent municipal government win. I should add that Telematics also continues to be a highly profitable part of our business, with the segment achieving gross margin percentage of 65.1% in the third quarter.
It was another quarter of broad execution for Vecima, and that included the bottom line, where we grew adjusted EBITDA by 44% year-over-year to CAD 11.7 million, and earnings per share to CAD 0.18 from CAD 0.13 last year. We also continue to see effects from the shifting landscape in terms of the supply chain and inventory. As you know, we've been highly successful in supporting our customers' network upgrades, even in the midst of very demanding and in some cases, extreme global supply chain conditions. We've worked diligently to support customer demand, and to fulfill large orders despite these major macro issues in the supply chain over the last two years. That execution has served to fuel the exceptional growth we've achieved over the past two years and also cemented our position as a go-to vendor for our customers.
It's come with higher materials, freight, and logistics costs, which have put pressure on our margins over the same period. In concert with that, as we've indicated before, different categories of cable and fiber access products carry varied margin profiles. As a larger industry-wide DAA rollout ramps, architecture trends in the marketplace are leading to an expected shift in product mix. We saw the margin impact of this in Q3, as Dale will discuss momentarily, and it influences our forward expectations as well. In addition, we also begun to see the supply chain landscape start to shift relatively quickly to where supply in the pipeline has temporarily outpaced our customers' ability to physically get some of their installations done. The demand for network upgrades remains very strong, and the capacity increases are essential.
In some cases, there simply aren't enough workers, trucks, permitting, and construction capacity to make it happen as quickly as our customers would like and had planned. We're now starting to see a different impact of the macro supply chain and inventory environment. I'll talk more about how that influences our near-term delivery expectations when I return to discuss our outlook in a few minutes. First, I'll pass the call over to Dale to provide more detail on our financial results. Dale?
Thank you, Sumit. For the purposes of this call, we assume that everyone has seen our third quarter fiscal 2023 news release, MD&A, and financial statements that are posted on Vecima's website. I will present the relevant numbers and discussions around overall results, market segments, operational expenses, and the balance sheet. Starting with consolidated sales. For the three months ended March 31st, 2023, we generated record sales of CAD 78.3 million. This was an increase of 54% over the CAD 50.9 million in Q3 last year and an increase of 3% from the CAD 76.2 million in Q2 fiscal 2023. The significant year-over-year increase reflects a sharp increase in video and broadband solution sales and the positive foreign exchange impact of a weaker Canadian dollar, partially offset by lower Content Delivery and Storage sales year-over-year.
Within the Video and Broadband Solutions segment, we generated sales of CAD 64.8 million. This was up 75% from the CAD 37 million in Q3 last year and 4% higher than the CAD 62.3 million last quarter as customers continued their transition to next-generation networks using Vecima solutions, as well as our success in meeting our customers' undertaking of large-scale DAA fiber access deployments during the quarter. Our Entra next-generation DAA products contributed third-quarter sales at CAD 62.7 million, up a significant 104% from the CAD 30.8 million in Q3 fiscal 2022, and up 13% from the CAD 55.7 million in Q2 fiscal 2023.
Third quarter sales for commercial video, which include Terrace QAM and Terrace family products, were CAD 2.1 million, down 66% from CAD 6.2 million in Q3 fiscal 2022, and down 68% from CAD 6.5 million in Q2 fiscal 2023. As expected, commercial video sales are lower year-over-year as customers transition to next-generation solutions and as a portion of our commercial video solutions become DAA driven and are accounted for as part of Entra family sales. In the Content Delivery and Storage segment, third quarter revenues were CAD 11.8 million, or 6% lower than the CAD 12.5 million in the prior year quarter, and 5% lower than the CAD 12.4 million in Q2 fiscal 2023.
CDS segment sales for the Q3 fiscal 2023 period included CAD 6.2 million of product sales and CAD 5.6 million of services revenue. CDS sales reflects IPTV expansions with six existing customers, including a top 10 U.S. cable operator during the period. As always, we note that quarterly sales variances are typical for the CDS segment. The demand for Vecima's IPTV and Open Caching solutions continues to increase as IPTV customers initiate network expansions, and we expect a strong finish for the Content Delivery and Storage segment in the last quarter of fiscal 2023. Turning to the Telematics segment, sales of CAD 1.7 million in the third quarter were 20% higher than the CAD 1.4 million achieved in Q3 of fiscal 2022, and 8% higher than the CAD 1.5 million in Q2 last quarter.
Reflect, reflecting an increase in the customer base, a number of assets and tags being monitored in our Telematics segment. Consolidated gross margin for the third quarter was 43.5%, down from 47.1% in Q3 fiscal 2022 and 47.3% in Q2 of fiscal 2023. This primarily reflects a different product mix between the periods, supply chain constraints, including elevated freight and logistics costs, as well as a more volume-oriented margin profile on certain products as we begin to fulfill larger orders. As noted in our MD&A, we have revised our targeted gross margin percentage to 45%-49% to reflect the expected product mix profile in our Entra cable and fiber access product lines as the DAA market further scales.
We expect in the next several quarters that gross margin will trend slightly below or in the lower end of this range while elevated expedite costs from past supply chain constraints remain within our cost of goods as materials transition from the balance sheet to product deliveries. Video and Broadband Solutions gross margin was 41% in the current quarter. This was lower than the 44% in Q3 of last year and the 46% in Q2 last quarter. The VBS gross margin primarily reflects significantly stronger sales, partially offset by a different product mix with lower margins compared to the prior year period. Gross margin in the Content Delivery and Storage segment increased to 53% from 51% in Q2 last quarter, down from the 55% in Q3 last year. The year-over-year change reflects a change in customer and product mix.
In the Telematics segment, gross margin of 65% in the third quarter was higher than the 63% in Q3 fiscal 2022, lower than the 68% in Q2 fiscal 2023. Turning to third quarter operating expenses, the notable changes year-over-year were as follows: R&D expenses increased to CAD 12.1 million in the third quarter from CAD 8.8 million in Q3 fiscal 2022 as we continue to invest in research and development to support the launch of new products. The increase reflects hiring of additional R&D employees and higher licensing and prototyping costs and higher amortization, partially offset by an increase in capitalized development costs. Until these new products are commercialized, development costs are deferred to future periods. Sales and marketing expenses increased to CAD 6.9 million from CAD 4.7 million in the same period last year.
This increase primarily reflects higher staffing costs as well as an increase in travel and entertainment as COVID-19 travel restrictions have lifted. G&A expenses increased to CAD 8.4 million in the quarter from CAD 6.1 million in Q3 fiscal 2022. Primarily reflects higher staffing costs, increase in insurance costs, and professional fees. Total OpEx in Q3 fiscal 2023 increased to CAD 27.9 million from CAD 19.8 million during the same period last year. The year-over-year increase primarily reflects additional operating expenses related to higher sales in the Video and Broadband Solutions segment and associated support costs. I note that reported R&D expense in a period is typically different than the actual expenditure. That's because certain R&D expenditures are deferred until product commercialization.
Adjusting for deferrals, amortization of deferred development costs, and income tax credits, actual R&D investment for the quarter increased to CAD 15.4 million or 20% of sales from CAD 11.5 million or 23% of sales in the same period last year. The increase reflects higher staffing costs and increased costs for software licensing and prototyping in the current year quarter as our next generation products move closer to commercial deployment. We reported an operating income of CAD 6.1 million in Q3 fiscal 2023 as compared to operating income of CAD 4.1 million in Q3 fiscal 2022. The increase was primarily due to higher VBS sales, partially offset by a different products mix and increased operating expenses to operate the year-over-year increases in sales.
Net income for the quarter, third quarter, increased to CAD 4.5 million or CAD 0.18 per share from CAD 3 million or CAD 0.13 per share in Q3 fiscal 2022. Turning to the balance sheet. We ended the third quarter with CAD 12.3 million in net bank overdraft, compared to CAD 8.1 million as at the end of the prior quarter. The decrease in cash in the quarter mainly reflects deferred development costs of CAD 6.4 million, capital expenditures of CAD 1.1 million, dividends paid of CAD 1.3 million, partially offset by positive cash flow from operating activities of CAD 3.8 million, proceeds from exercise options of CAD 0.5 million, and net repayment of debt of CAD 0.3 million.
Moving on, our strong working capital position increased to CAD 91.1 million from CAD 89.1 million as at the end of the prior quarter. We note that working capital balances can be subject to significant swings from quarter to quarter. Our product shipments are lumpy, reflecting the requirements of our major customers. Finally, cash provided by operating activities for the third quarter was CAD 3.8 million, as compared to cash flow used in operating activities of CAD 3.9 million during the same period last year. The CAD 7.7 million increase in cash provided by operating activities reflects a CAD 4.4 million increase in cash flow from non-cash working capital, combined with a CAD 3.3 million improvement in operating cash flow year-over-year. I will now turn it back to Sumit.
Thank you, Dale. Looking at our outlook, we continue to anticipate very strong full-year results, with revenue growth well exceeding the 50% year-over-year gain we achieved last year. That said, we also expect some demand variability in Q4 and early fiscal 2024 as customers focus on managing the DAA rollout logistics I mentioned earlier. We also believe that customers build higher than normal run rate working capital balances in response to the supply chain constraints in prior periods, much like the entire global landscape of businesses in every sector all across the supply chain. These influences are likely to lead to a short-term softening in Entra deliveries even as customers increase their planned pace of field deployments. We'll be working to manage our own supply chain and inventories carefully during this period. Overall, we expect this to be a relatively short-term transition.
We expect that deliveries and customer inventories could start to come into better balance as we enter calendar 2024. The rollout of new incremental program wins are set to initiate in the same timeframe, making way for a continued ramp-up in customer deliveries in the second half of our fiscal 2024. In terms of our broader outlook for DAA, our prospects remain excellent. The latest market research updates forecast even higher long-term increases in annual capital investments in the access network. This is essential as service providers worldwide continue to grapple with competitors and invest in their core broadband business to protect and enhance market share while also expanding their footprints.
We're exceedingly well- positioned in this large and growing market with the industry's best portfolio of cable and fiber access products, relationships with 106 of the world's leading operators, amongst them, a number of the largest globally, and a proven suite of IP services and talent to fulfill a once-in-a-lifetime global network technology evolution. Remember, the industry is in the early stages of DAA adoption, and we continue to see significant and long-term growth runway ahead for Vecima, along with year-over-year and long-term sales growth. In our Content Delivery and Storage segment, we expect demand for our IPTV and Open Caching solutions will continue to build through Q4. We're anticipating a strong finish to fiscal 2023 for CDS, culminating in low double-digit year-over-year sales growth for that segment.
Longer term, we continue to see robust future growth potential as IPTV continues to gain momentum and newer Open Caching solutions become an important driver of CDS performance. As we've said previously, our large base of IPTV customers is providing an inbuilt growth platform as operators begin to initiate broader IPTV network expansions, while at the same time, we continue to win new business with additional operators. Finally, in our Telematics business, we expect consistent incremental growth from the fleet tracking market and increasing demand for our new removable asset tracking services. Overall, we remain highly confident in our market position and in Vecima's ability to capture the major multi-year opportunities in the compelling DAA and IPTV markets over the long- term. We see a very bright future for Vecima. That concludes our formal comments. We'd now be happy to take questions. Operator?
Thank you. We will now begin the question-and-answer session for analysts and institutional investors. To join the question queue, you may press star then one on your telephone keypad. You will hear a tone acknowledging your request. If you're using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing any keys. To withdraw your question, please press star then two. We will pause a moment as callers join the queue. The first question comes from Jim Byrne with Acumen. Please go ahead.
Yeah, good morning, guys. Thanks for taking my questions. Sumit, maybe I'd just one for you to start. I see great great color on kind of the, you know, short to medium-term outlook. I'm guessing, I just wanted to get a sense of, you know, that long-term vision, your 2025 outlook. I mean, it still feels like all of that is in place, but maybe if have we shifted maybe, you know, six to 12 months in that outlook? Maybe just get your thoughts on that.
Yeah. Yeah, no, thanks, Jim, and correct. You know, long-term, my outlook remains equal to what it was before that, you know, our penetration is increasing, the industry is broadly scaling, and the evolution to 10G fiber access rollouts in greenfield are ramping and cable access rollouts in brownfield are moving to DAA, and we're seeing that across the board and across the industry. That entirely remains the case. Our market share has grown. I think we've evidenced that our portfolio is one of the best in the industry, you know, as kind of conveyed in the continued growth in customer engagements and order flow we've had, including some of the largest operators in the world that have selected us.
We have some timing lumpiness, that is the nature of the industry. You know, we've had this, we've had to go through as an industry and as an entire tech sector as this, you know, lumpiness or volatility in the supply chain where, you know, we've been working for to pursue our backlog and go after the supply chain, and we've delivered, that's culminated in this incredible growth we've had quarter after quarter after quarter. You know, our customers have also had to manage their projects carefully. They're large-scale programs with infrastructure deployment. They, you know, we're also contending with supply chain outside of what Vecima is involved in, things like cables and fibers, labor, workforce construction.
Now that we've opened up, you know, thanks to vendors like Vecima that have opened up, the supply flow for these projects, now it's time to let them wind up on the, you know, anticipated significant growth they have and capacity rollouts through calendar 2024. A short-term period of consuming some of this inventory we've unlocked, you know, tying to calendar 2023, but that's making way for, you know, a continued averaging of this kind of volatility we've had in the supply chain and then carrying on with the long-term profile we've always anticipated.
Sure. That kind of feeds into my next question. I think, one of your peers, competitors, on their call was mentioning I think it was, you know, four out of the top 10 Tier 1 operators, are still, you know, relatively behind, in terms of their deployment of DAA and market expansion. Maybe just get your thoughts on, you know, where you guys see that and how does that feed into your long-term vision?
Yeah, I think like I said, you know, customers have clearly identified the upgrades they wanna make, and we do expect that, and we've seen that they haven't been able to go as fast as they would have liked because of the supply chain. Naturally, they, you know, when you're talking about labor, construction, permitting, all that, they are not gonna ramp that up if they don't see product in the pipeline and, you know, up until late calendar 2023, you know, product was the critical path and the gate and, you know, we've solved that, so, you know, operators are well fueled to move forward. I do think that there's some catch up to be done there on the deployment side.
You know, our customers are very strong in their capability, and we've outfitted them for what they need to do.
Okay. Then maybe just last one for me on the, on the margin side. Obviously some near-term pressure on gross margins. You know, when do you, when do you ultimately see that improving? Is that, you know, back half of fiscal 2024? I guess that would be, you know, and then that longer term trajectory. I know, you know, kind of 20% plus EBITDA margins were something that was. Is that still long-term?
You know, it's still in our sights in the long-term flowing into the EBITDA margin. We've had 20% EBITDA margin year to date in fiscal 2023 already. I've said that, you know, we need to continue to invest in the OpEx as we continue to grow the top line in the long-term. We'll model the business with those targets in mind. You know, I think in terms of some of the residual costs associated with the supply chain management, they're still in the system, still in our working capital. You know, we entered fiscal 2023 expecting to simply see the COGS headwinds and from supply chain expedites in our margin profile, and that has happened.
We will, we'll continue to see it in calendar 2023 to the extent that we still have that in our balance sheet. As we look to calendar 2024, we also see prospects for that abating in terms of the influence on our COGS. In parallel and probably more of a factor, I think, is that we've provided this color from the outset on the mix, the product mix. That insofar as certain categories of products related to some of the specific DAA architectures and cable access, they can carry higher volume, but they can carry a lower gross margin profile.
We, you know, as we've said, we always approach the market with this agnostic to the architecture approach and giving all the flexibility to our customers that they need. We look to manage our operating expenses rather, you know, and go after that overall business model, as you mentioned, with the EBITDA margin and how we look at that in the long-term. You know, we're seeing that play out in the marketplace. You know, unlike with these major Tier 1 wins, cable access products, you know, tend to have a more volume-oriented profile, and the fiber access products have opportunity to be accretive to our margin range. A lot of it will depend on the mix in a given period of time.
When we have such large scale customers relative to our size, the mix can move around a bit. You know, on balance, you know, the overall long-term view on margins combining cable and the fiber access is consistent with what we need to see to continue to drive our EBITDA margins.
All right. That's excellent. Thanks, guys.
Thanks, Jim.
Thanks, Jim.
Once again, analysts and institutional investors who would like to ask a question should press star and one on their touchtone phone. We will pause for a moment so any additional callers may join the queue. The next question comes from Dave Kang with B. Riley. Please go ahead.
Thank you. My first question is regarding the current softness that you're seeing. Just wanted to make sure it's not because of market share changes or your customers are opting for new technology.
You know, in fact, you know, we've seen, like I said, with the Dell'Oro reporting that our market share has grown through calendar 2022 and remains very strong in cable access, in fiber access and in MACPHY in cable access. It's been growing in Remote PHY in cable access as well. We announced some very important customer wins, and I provided some color in terms of that ramping as we enter calendar 2024. We see those new programs, you know, being reflective of a growing share position for us that is consistent with everything that's happened so far. Nothing's changed there.
Got it. Just a couple of questions regarding Charter. When do you expect them to ramp, the, you know, the expected duration? Just wondering if you can kind of quantify the potential revenue.
You know, I'm not gonna get too specific on my customer's plans. You know, they've talked publicly about their plans to upgrade the network over the next three years. You know, they're working diligently and effectively and, you know, building out the process and the pipeline to drive that, you know, very strong rollout of capability that they plan in their network. You know, we are working with them in that regard and consistent with their targeted timelines. You know, we expect great things out of customers and their ability to leverage the network that they have, this very broad and growing network.
You know, we'll be pleased to see them successful as we expect.
Got it. Just one for Dale. Actually a couple of them maybe. Can you talk about CapEx going forward and also stock compensation? You know, how should we think about stock compensation going forward?
Sure. On the CapEx side, you know, we had spent on a year-to-date basis, you know, CAD 2.3 million. Q3 was heavy at CAD 1.1 million of that. We had guided previously that we would be back-end loaded and, you know, I would expect that, you know, Q4 probably be similar or just slightly under what we saw in Q3. You know, and that's traditionally, you know, that CAD 3 million mark, to CAD 4 million mark is what we would be spending on our CapEx. On, was that on our share-based comp that, on our.
Yeah.
On our P&L? Yeah. What we're going to see in Q4 is that, we did have some PSUs that one tranche had vested during that quarter. We are gonna see approximately CAD 1.4 million of share compensation in Q4, as a result of vesting of a PSU that we. You know, you make an estimate of when you think that was gonna vest and amortize that out when you initially set those PSUs up, and this is just pulling it in a little bit early. We will see a little bit of a spike in that share-based compensation in Q4.
Okay. Lastly, on OpEx, are you planning to make any kind of adjustments, because of the recent weakness?
I'll let Sumit discuss that one.
Yeah. I think, you know, as we've said, we've been incrementally growing OpEx, and we monitor the EBITDA margin. We expect operating expenses to leverage as we continue to grow. To the extent that we have, you know, this transitory period of time where we'll see some softness in calendar 2023, we will be looking to manage the OpEx effectively, but always maintaining our view on the big picture and long-term positioning we need with our engineering investments, our sales and marketing investments, and a little bit of our DNA. We're gonna be managing that. I wouldn't wanna color any specific changes at this time.
Got it. Thank you.
Thank you.
Thanks, Dave.
Once again, analysts and institutional investors who would like to ask a question should press star then one on their touchtone phones. We will pause a moment so any additional callers may join the queue. There appears to be no further questions, this concludes today's conference call. You may disconnect your lines. Thank you for participating and have a pleasant day.