Hello, and welcome to the Charter Communications third quarter 2022 investor call. We ask that you please hold all questions until the completion of the formal remarks, at which time you'll be given instructions for the question and answer session. Also, as a reminder, this conference is being recorded today. If you have any objections, please disconnect at this time. I will now turn the call over to Stefan Anninger. Please go ahead.
Good morning, and welcome to Charter's third quarter 2022 investor call. The presentation that accompanies this call can be found on our website, ir.charter.com, under the Financial Information section. Before we proceed, I would like to remind you that there are a number of risk factors and other cautionary statements contained in our SEC filings, including our most recent Form 10-K and also our Form 10-Q filed this morning. We will not review those risk factors and other cautionary statements on this call. However, we encourage you to read them carefully. Various remarks that we make on this call concerning expectations, predictions, plans, and prospects constitute forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ from historical or anticipated results.
Any forward-looking statements reflect management's current view only, and Charter undertakes no obligation to revise or update such statements or to make additional forward-looking statements in the future. During the course of today's call, we will be referring to non-GAAP measures as defined and reconciled in our earnings materials. These non-GAAP measures, as defined by Charter, may not be comparable to measures with similar titles used by other companies. Please also note that all growth rates noted on this call and in the presentation are calculated on a year-over-year basis unless otherwise specified. On today's call, we have Tom Rutledge, Chairman and CEO, Chris Winfrey, our COO, and Jessica Fischer, our CFO. With that, let's turn the call over to Tom.
Thank you, Stefan. As I look at our current advanced offerings, our future product plans, and the under-penetration of our network, we're well positioned to grow our business at very attractive rates for many years to come. During the quarter, we added 75,000 internet customers. Customer relationship churn remains very low due to current consumer behavior. While the lower year-over-year connect activity improved, connects remain challenged due to the low activity environment. We continued to see very strong mobile line growth with net additions of 396,000, our best quarter yet. Over the last year, we've grown our mobile lines by nearly 50%. As of the end of the quarter, we had nearly 4.7 million total mobile lines. Our opportunity in mobile is very large, and we're still at the beginning of developing that business.
Today, we only captured 28% of the combined household spend on wireline and mobile connectivity within our footprint. We remain significantly under-penetrated versus the opportunity in front of us. We're delivering the fastest internet and the fastest Wi-Fi speeds in the nation and the fastest mobile speeds when combined with Wi-Fi, all the while serving customers, saving customers, I should say, thousands of dollars a year. Today, we have close to 500 million devices connected to our network, the vast majority of which are connected to us wirelessly. Ultimately, I expect that virtually all devices connected to our network will connect wirelessly. To continue to improve our services, we also remain focused on evolving our network to offer the fastest speeds in the most cost and time-efficient manner. Data usage continues to grow at a fast pace.
Internet customers who do not buy traditional video from us use nearly 700 GB per month. Nearly 25% of those customers use 1 TB or more of data per month. Downstream traffic still dominates usage at a ratio of 14: 1 versus upstream traffic. In the near term, we're implementing spectrum split upgrades, which expand our plant capacity bidirectionally and allow us to allocate more bandwidth to the upstream, all using our existing DOCSIS 3.1 infrastructure. In turn, we'll be able to offer our customers higher symmetrical speeds and multi-gigabit speeds in the downstream. Our network evolution path also includes DOCSIS 4.0, so we can maintain a state-of-the-art network that delivers the most compelling converged connectivity services in a capital and time-efficient manner, and in turn, offer those advanced services to consumers at a highly attractive prices.
As you may know, I plan to step down as CEO on December 1st. That time, Chris Winfrey will become our new CEO, and I'll become executive chairman. It's been personally fulfilling to lead Charter over the last 10 years. We've grown our company through innovation and strategic investments that position Charter to provide the best connectivity products and services available today everywhere we operate. Our products have continually evolved and changed the world during my career, from the carriage of broadcast signals when I began to the development of robust video and multi-channel cable networks. From the early days of broadband internet and voice to now offering fully ubiquitous wireless connectivity, we've continued to drive new uses for our networks to bring value to consumers. Our opportunity to innovate and grow is greater today than ever before.
Having worked closely with Chris for more than 10 years, I know that he's the right choice to be our next CEO. He will serve Charter with both vision and skill, leading the company to new heights. Chris's leadership and expertise in both operations and finance have been pivotal to Charter's growth and success over the past 10 years. He's repeatedly demonstrated innate strategic insight and keen market-level and in-industry awareness to drive our organization to perform at the highest level. With that, I'll turn the call over to Chris.
Thanks, Tom, and thanks for the kind words. I'm both honored and excited about the opportunity to continue to help Charter grow and to create shareholder value as the incoming CEO. It has also been a privilege for all of us here at Charter to work for and learn from Tom over the past 10 years. His leadership is the reason Charter exists as it does today, and he's mentored all of us here to keep reinventing cable. We're fortunate that he'll continue to do the same as our executive chairman. Tom covered the quarterly headlines, so I thought I'd give some additional market color. While our internet net additions improved from last quarter, they remained below last year. The largest driver, by far, is that activity level remains low.
Total churn and voluntary churn were slightly lower year- over- year and were at all-time lows for a third quarter. Non-pay and mover churn remains well below pre-pandemic levels. Those are market issues that also reduce our selling opportunities. While we've seen some improving trends, gross additions also remain down across the footprint by similar amounts in both overbuild and non-overbuild areas, similar to what we've seen the past few quarters. In terms of competitive impact, some of the lower gross additions we see probably relate to DSL conversion going to a new entrant, fixed wireless, instead of coming to us. Given the issues with fixed wireless product reliability and scalability and usage trends, we expect those customers to find their way back to us over the long term.
We've also seen a similar pace of fiber overbuild, but the reported telco internet numbers confirm what we saw, a small mix issue from newly overbuilt footprint, no different from the past. I would also note that we've seen a small amount of market share return to mobile-only service over the past several quarters, the reversal of some COVID effects. We're in a unique moment, the opposite of the one we saw in 2020 and early 2021, in fact. Market transaction volume will eventually pick up, and so will our internet net adds. In the meantime, we're growing mobile at record rates, even in a low volume environment, by saving customers thousands of dollars. That growth is also good for broadband. We remain well-positioned.
Our fixed and mobile broadband services continue to converge technically and operationally, and our Spectrum One offering, launched earlier this month, exemplifies that. As Tom mentioned, we have a path to drive significantly higher speeds at a much faster pace and at much lower cost than our competitors, and we can sustain good revenue growth, lower cost to service per customer relationship for many years. I've been in the cable industry for almost 25 years and at Charter for over 10 years, and I've played a key role in developing our operating strategy. Our recipe for creating shareholder value through better products, pricing, and packaging, and service, coupled with a levered equity return strategy, will remain intact.
At the same time, I do think the CEO transition will be a good opportunity for us, both in this market and with the transition taking place, to update investors on what I expect over the next few years, including details of our network evolution plan, convergence capabilities, service experience for customers, and our rural expansion and build-out plans. That's a lot to cover, so I look forward to a virtual event with the investment community that we'll schedule for a date following the CEO transition in December. Now I'll turn the call over to Jessica.
Thanks, Chris. Before discussing our third quarter results, I want to mention that today's results do not include any impact related to Hurricane Ian, which hit the East Coast in late September. Initially, approximately 1 million of our customers lost service, primarily because of power outages, but our crews worked hard to repair our network and reconnect customers, and they did a great job. Broadly speaking, our plant fared well despite the storm, and service was restored to nearly all impacted customers in a relatively short period of time. While we expect our fourth quarter results to contain some bill credits, some incremental CapEx related to plant replacement, and some incremental operating expense related to store cleanup and call center labor, we expect the overall impact of Hurricane Ian on our financials and customer numbers will be very small. Let's turn to customer results on slide five.
Including residential and SMB, we added 75,000 internet customers in the third quarter. Video customers declined by 204,000 in the third quarter, following a programming pass-through increase in the second quarter. Wireline voice declined by 271,000. We added a record 396,000 mobile lines. Despite the lower number of selling opportunities from our reduced activity levels, we continue to drive mobile growth with our high-quality, attractively priced service. Looking forward, we expect our new Spectrum One offer to drive accelerating mobile line growth. Moving to financial results, starting on slide six. Over the last year, residential customers grew by 123,000 or 0.4% year-over-year.
Residential revenue per customer relationship was flat year-over-year, with promotional rate step-ups and rate adjustments offset by a higher mix of non-video customers, higher expanded basic video losses in the last several quarters, and accelerated growth of lower-priced video packages within our base. Our year-over-year residential revenue per customer relationship growth was lower this quarter than last, given the timing of rate adjustments in this year versus last and the mix factors I just mentioned. Also, keep in mind that our residential ARPU does not reflect any mobile revenue. As slide six shows, residential revenue grew by 0.7% year-over-year. Turning to commercial, SMB revenue grew by 1.9% year-over-year, reflecting SMB customer growth of 3.3%.
Enterprise revenue was up by 2.6% year-over-year or by 5.2% year-over-year when excluding some one-time fees from the prior period, which were a benefit last year. Excluding all wholesale revenue, enterprise revenue grew by 9%, and enterprise PSUs grew by 4.9% year-over-year. Third quarter advertising revenue grew by 23% year-over-year, primarily driven by political revenue. Core ad revenue was flat year-over-year, with lower national and local advertising revenue, offset by our growing advanced advertising capabilities. Mobile revenue totaled $750 million, with $303 million of that revenue being device revenue. Other revenue declined by 2.1% year-over-year, primarily driven by lower video CPE sold to customers, mostly offset by Rural Construction Initiative subsidies. In total, consolidated third quarter revenue was up 3.1% year-over-year.
Moving to operating expenses and EBITDA on slide seven. In Q3, total operating expenses grew by $278 million, or 3.5% year-over-year. Programming costs declined by 3.8% year-over-year, due to a decline in video customers of 3.8% year-over-year, and a higher mix of lighter video packages, partly offset by higher programming rates. Looking at the full year 2022, we now expect programming costs per video customer to grow in the low single-digit percentage range. Regulatory connectivity and produced content declined 7.4% year-over-year, primarily driven by lower video CPE sold to customers. For the full year 2022, we now expect regulatory connectivity and produced content expense to decline in the mid to high single-digit percentage range. Cost to service customers increased by 4.4% year-over-year.
Excluding bad debt from both years, cost to service customers grew by 3%, primarily due to higher fuel and freight costs, partly offset by productivity improvements. While bad debt and non-pay churn were higher year-over-year, both remain well below pre-COVID levels. We now expect cost to service customers expense growth for the second half of 2022 to be more consistent with growth in the first half of 2022. Marketing expenses grew by 9.3% year-over-year, primarily due to higher staffing levels and wages as Charter focuses on providing better service to new and existing customers. For the full year 2022, we now expect marketing expense to grow in the high single-digit percentage range. Mobile expenses totaled $846 million and were comprised of mobile device costs tied to device revenue, customer acquisitions, and service and operating costs.
Other expenses increased by 4.4%, primarily driven by higher labor costs, higher advertising sales expense related to political revenue, and higher computer and software expense, partly offset by lower corporate costs this quarter. Adjusted EBITDA grew by 2.4% year-over-year in the quarter. Turning to net income on slide eight. We generated $1.2 billion of net income attributable to Charter shareholders in the third quarter, essentially flat with last year, with higher adjusted EBITDA offset by higher interest expense. Turning to slide nine. Capital expenditures totaled $2.4 billion in the third quarter, above last year's third quarter spend of $1.9 billion.
Most of that increase was driven by $525 million of spend on our Rural Construction Initiative in the quarter, and the vast majority of that spend is accounted for in line extensions. In rural, we've accelerated our walkout and design nationally to allow for additional time for the process of securing pole access. In addition, our access to inventory is improving, so we're carrying a more appropriate amount of inventory to support the build. As a result, we now expect to spend approximately $1.5 billion this year on the Rural Construction Initiative. We spent $96 million on mobile-related CapEx, which is mostly accounted for in support capital and scalable infrastructure and was driven by investments in back-office systems.
Core cable CapEx, which excludes our rural and mobile CapEx, increased from $1.7 billion last year to $1.8 billion this quarter, driven by modestly higher CPE and scalable infrastructure spending. We continue to expect core cable capital expenditures to be between $7.1 billion-$7.3 billion for the full year 2022. As slide 10 shows, we generated $1.5 billion of consolidated free cash flow this quarter versus $2.5 billion in the third quarter of last year. The decline was primarily driven by higher cash tax payments and higher CapEx, mostly driven by our Rural Construction Initiative. Excluding cash taxes, our Rural Construction Initiative, and litigation settlements, free cash flow grew by 5% year-over-year. We finished the quarter with $96.8 billion in debt principal.
Our current run rate annualized cash interest is at $4.8 billion. As of the end of the third quarter, our ratio of net debt to last 12-month adjusted EBITDA was 4.48x . We intend to stay at or just below the high end of our 4x-4.5x target leverage range. During the quarter, we repurchased 5.8 million Charter shares and Charter Holdings common units totaling about $2.6 billion at an average price of $445 per share. Operator, we're now ready for Q&A.
Thank you. At this time, if you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your touch-tone phone. You may remove yourself from the queue at any time by pressing star two. Again, that is star one to ask a question. We will pause for a moment to allow questions to queue. Thank you. Our first question will come from Douglas Mitchelson with Credit Suisse. Your line is now open.
Oh, thanks so much. I think, you know, perhaps two questions. I mean, Tom, what a career, and Chris, congratulations. I wanted to ask about Spectrum One first. Tom, it reminds me of when you launched the Triple Play. Was it 2005 back when FiOS and U-verse were launching, and it looked like a really intriguing, you know, price and value for customers, but also kinda lower than perhaps prior promotions. I'm just hoping that, you know, you and Chris can walk through the strategy behind the Spectrum One promotion and the financial impact relative to your prior promotional strategies. Separately, Chris, I know it's early and you're indicating that you're gonna update us in December.
Like, how broadly are you considering, you know, strategy shifts? Obviously, investors are you know, combination of nervous and excited about changes that might take place. I mean, is there scope to, you know, rapidly accelerate, you know, capital spending or different pricing strategies? How wide is the net here in terms of what you're considering? Is this revolution or evolution? Thank you.
Thanks, Doug. Yeah, your memory's good. I'll turn that answer over to Chris. You know, when the Triple Play was first announced, there was a lot of skepticism and some people thought it was foolish, but it turned out to be quite successful.
Yeah. I think there's similarly maybe a little confusion out there about what Spectrum One is. Really, you know, it's our first attempt, and it may evolve over time. Spectrum One packages seamless connectivity with our products, and they all work better together. It's offered at a first- year promotional price. You know, as a result, our pricing of the underlying products, whether that's internet, advanced Wi-Fi, and mobile, it has not changed. Even after that promotional period, Spectrum One creates values for customers in a way that our competitors really can't replicate. It's pretty similar to what was the design of Tom's original Triple Play. We also attach additional products or mobile lines to that promotional sell-in.
Contrary to what I think is maybe a fear, we have not lowered our pricing in the marketplace, nor do we believe that we need to. Doug, on strategy shift, I mean, in the prepared remarks, I wanted to be clear 'cause I understand that's out there as well. I've been key player in developing our operating strategy here with Tom and John Bickham and others over the past decade. Just because somebody gives you a new title doesn't mean that your view on fundamentally how to create shareholder value changes overnight. I'm pretty committed to all things that we're doing today in terms of our strategy around products, pricing, package service.
As I mentioned, our capital structure, I obviously had a little bit of a hand in that as well in our balance sheet and M&A strategy. I don't expect any seismic shifts. You know, I've always thought that if we were gonna do something anyway in terms of capital, might as well, you know, go get after it so you can grow faster. If there's opportunities to accelerate what we're already doing, you know, we'll do that. I don't think people should expect any fundamental changes in views on how we operate the business or how we create value for shareholders.
Oh, thank you.
Thanks, Doug. Katie, we'll take our next question, please.
Thank you. Our next question will come from Benjamin Swinburne with Morgan Stanley. Your line is now open.
Thank you, and congrats, Tom. I'm sure we'll miss you more than you'll miss us, but please stay in touch. I guess sticking with the wireless theme and the network, Chris, last quarter, you were willing to highlight to us that, you know, maybe we on the sell side have got the wireless economics wrong. Obviously you've got this Spectrum One plan in the market, which seems to be doing what you hoped it would, which is drive faster growth. I'm sure we'll see more of that in Q4. The losses in wireless, and I know product P&Ls are of limited use to some extent, but they look like they'll be pretty flattish year-over-year this year.
I'm just wondering, is there any way you can sort of take us into the cost structure on the wireless side, you know, speak to the network offload opportunities? Is there any way to help us think about as you know, continue down this convergence path, is there a timeline towards EBITDA starting to inflect and really benefit from the wireless revenue scale you're building? 'Cause it looks like we're not gonna see that, at least in the near term. I'm just wondering, what are the returns you're seeing on the high- split activity so far? You mentioned DOCSIS 4.0, Tom did, in his prepared remarks.
Do you have a sort of a timeline you wanna sort of lay out for us, or how you think about the benefits of high-split and DOCSIS 4.0 over the course of the next few years to the business?
Two quick things, and then I'm gonna pass it over to Jessica. On Spectrum One, we didn't launch that until October, so it had no impact on our Q3 results. On your question regarding high-split, we're gonna go into lots of detail in December, so I'm gonna try to be quiet today around all that. There's nothing shocking. I think, you know, Tom and others may elaborate on the benefits of high-split, but we'll give a more detailed plan in December. Your questions on the mobile, I'm gonna hand that over to Jessica around the financials on mobile, and she can go through that.
Yeah. Ben, mobile EBITDA losses remained due to a few things. The first one, I'm sure you saw, this is our best quarter yet for mobile growth, and we continue to have additional sort of customer acquisition costs because of that that weigh on mobile EBITDA. Also we did see both in mobile and in the cable side increases in bad debt in the year-over-year. There's some of that that's impacting mobile EBITDA. We did implement a new system earlier in the year, I think Tom has talked about it. We're still sort of working through the last of the costs related to having implemented that system. There's a little weight there that I think will come down as we settle in a bit more.
The key here is that you should know that gross margin in the mobile product continues to be very good. As Chris mentioned, Spectrum One, while it offers a promotional price on mobile, we're both selling additional lines in with that promotional offer, and at our rack rate, which that rolls to in 12 months, we make very solid margins off of the mobile business. Because of that, we'll remain profitable in that business absent the growth costs, even with the promotional pricing to drive overall customer relationships.
Jake.
Thank you, everyone.
Yeah. At a high level, Ben, on spectrum splits, what they essentially do is give you the opportunity to increase downstream speeds and upstream speeds significantly, and to offer products symmetrically at pretty low capital costs. You know, when we did DOCSIS 3.1, you remember we spent about $9 home passed, not counting CPE, and which was approximately $450 million to get the plant ready. This is gonna cost a little more than that, but it's still a relatively low- cost capital investment that gives you a significant increase in capacity.
It leaves you in a pathway where you can continue to invest with additional technologies, including DOCSIS 4.0, to even further enhance the capability of the network at a pretty capital- efficient way that gives you massive capacity and moves us to the 10G world we've been talking about over time. You know, as a general concept, it takes away additional operating costs as well, and additional capital costs when you make these investments, because the augmentation in the network that you have to do for growth, you know, I talked in my prepared remarks about how much capacity people are using, net capacity use continues to go up, and we have a normal capital budget associated with that growth and capacity.
When you do these spectrum split upgrades, you get that capacity included with that investment, so you don't have to make the augmentation investment. It's a very efficient way of ubiquitously deploying lots of capability across your entire footprint. I think the cable industry in general will have that capacity across its entire footprint very relatively quickly. Agree with that?
Yeah. I think given what we've seen in the field implementations that have happened so far, our confidence in the capital efficiency of the implementation, as well as our ability to do it, at speed, have both grown versus even, I would say, where we were last quarter or the quarter before. Very good progress in what we've seen, both in the field and from the supplier community as to how that upgrade will be able to be executed.
Thank you so much.
Thanks, Ben. Katie, we'll take our next question, please.
Thank you. Our next question will come from Craig Moffett with MoffettNathanson. Your line is now open.
Hi, thank you. First, congratulations to you, Tom, and also to you, Chris, on the transition. Two questions, if I could. First, Tom, just a personal question for you. Can you elaborate a little bit on the timing of your decision? What made you decide now was the right time? And then second, with respect to broadband, what are you seeing in terms of broadband costs? You're obviously doing a lot at the edges of your network, that would, I think, give you good insight into labor costs and the implications of cost of capital. What are you seeing both for you and would you suspect for fiber overbuilders that are competitors? Does it have any implications for how you think about the RDOF build?
You know, are there any of those markets that, as costs have risen, are now less attractive, and potentially less interesting to continue to pursue?
Okay. There's a lot in that question. You know, first, with regard to my timing, you know, I actually, two years ago, put in my contract that, on August 15th of this year, I would have an option in my employment agreement to, begin the process of, transitioning to executive chairman and, giving up the CEO role. I chose that date two years ago because it was the 50th anniversary of my beginning in cable as a technician, working my way through college in 1972. You know, it had personal meaning to me, and I thought it was a milestone a couple of years ago, that I might wanna exercise. Then the other thought I had was, at the end of this executive chairmanship, I'd be 70 years old.
I thought, well, you know, maybe I should think about not working after that age. On the other hand, I was, you know, I love this business, and I love what the future is for this business. There's tremendous opportunity and, you know, I wanna see it through. It's just such a good business, and it's gonna go on so long that it's time to pass the baton. That's how I came to the decision. I mean, you know, to your sort of broadband cost questions, yeah, there, you know, there are cost issues and, you know, we've had to deal with those costs, and they're in our numbers.
You know, in this quarter, you can see that, there's some inflationary pressure out there, and there've been labor force dislocations as a result of COVID and the economic policies that the country employed to deal with it. They're significant, but you know, we've... You know, our strategy from a pricing and packaging perspective is to be the value provider and to make these products work together at lower prices and create good value for consumers and to use our ability to drive market share as the primary driver of our revenue. But you know, that said, we have been passing through, you know, video price increases, and we passed through recently a broadband price increase. It was a result of the inflationary pressures that we've seen.
At the same time, it doesn't negate the way our primary revenue opportunity is developing, which is to create more customers faster and to create those customers with more products associated with each connection so that our ARPU and revenue go up together. That's the primary driver of our revenue strategy. Our cost strategy, though, you know, is real and we are working in RDOF to develop, you know, we have had higher costs than we anticipated, but we've also had more success than we anticipated in terms of both penetration and the number of passings that we can develop off of the RDOF projects that we've built.
Net-net, our cost is what we thought it would be on a per-passing basis, but it does create pressure and difficulty for people to attract labor and to get things done. We're having issues ourselves with supply chain and the development of a workforce and how we do the work and in what order we do the work is being impacted by the labor market and the supply market. You know, I do think the cost of money and the cost of labor and the cost of everything will affect our competitors' ability to build as well.
Yeah. The advantage that we have there against many of them is scale. Certainly, when it comes to being able to acquire and then to move supply around to the areas where we're ready and most able to build, I think that we continue to have a very good ability to do that. Really on the cost of capital side, the advantage that we have is a large amount of free cash flow that we're able to deploy really what's a relatively small portion of to execute on these builds. We're not as beholden to borrowing on a regular basis to fund our builds as some others in the market are. I think we continue to be well positioned.
The rural builds are actually performing at least as well or actually better than we expected. From a financial perspective, I'm still confident in where we are on the returns that we had said that we would have against those builds.
Thank you. Congratulations to you and to Chris, Tom, for the transition.
Thank you.
Thanks, Craig. Katie, we'll take our next question, please.
Thank you.
Thank you. Our next question will come from Philip Cusick with JP Morgan. Your line is now open.
Hi, guys. Thank you. A couple of follow-ups, if I can. Chris, looking forward to your event in December. I know you addressed some of a couple things a minute ago, but I noticed you didn't mention updates on core network capital intensity or leverage targets as part of this transition, which are things that we hear people asking about in the market. Any changes to consider here that you can give us a little preview on? Second, I know it's early, but Jessica, can you follow up on that, those rural initiatives and the contribution there to broadband subs? How should we think about capital spending for RDOF and other rural initiatives next year? Thank you.
I'll take the first one. I think Jessica mentioned in her prepared remarks our view on core capital intensity in terms of outlook. You know, she wouldn't have said that if we didn't collectively believe that was the case now and going forward. She mentioned, you know, excluding rural and that there may be some lumpiness as it relates to timing of exactly how you get high-split and supply chain and inventory and all that. But the core capital intensity continues to decline. The leverage target, I've heard that rumor out in the marketplace. I find it a little bit funny because I've been at 4.5x since Switzerland, since Germany, since Charter 4.5x .
Had a levered equity strategy for a really long time, probably, you know, over 20 years. I helped put that together here at Charter, and we have good growth and the interest rates aren't all that different. In fact, they're probably less for us as Charter today than when I got here at Charter. Our views on how to create value through the operating strategy and how to pair that with the balance sheet and M&A strategy and a levered equity strategy, you know, that hasn't changed. I mentioned the same thing in the prepared remarks. Just while we're on the topic, I know that one of the other topics out there, and I think Doug was going there, is do I believe that we need to do a fiber overbuild for our entire network? No, I don't.
I don't think it makes a lot of sense to have to operate two networks, which is what a lot of the overbuilders have had to do when they got into it. We have a really good path forward. It doesn't mean that we don't do fiber. We do fiber on the increment. There may be portions of the network longer term that we've decided, you know, economical to do that. But for the most part, you know, and in fact, in its entirety, the path that Tom laid out is the path that we're on. I don't see any reason why somebody would wanna go do a full fiber overbuild of a perfectly otherwise good network that can be upgraded at dramatically lower cost and have the same capabilities.
On the rural side, I guess on your first question, the contribution to broadband subs, certainly we are seeing broadband subs coming in off of the rural build that we're executing already. I think I've said that we will start providing some more detailed information about the rural build, and we weren't quite ready to do that this quarter, but I would expect coming into year-end that we'll provide some better information. It's not the entire growth in broadband. The growth that you see, the 75,000 additions reflects growth off of our legacy footprint as well as a smaller amount of incremental growth off of the broadband subs. But we are doing very well in those markets that we build out.
As far as thinking about how you should think about rural for next year, I don't wanna front run giving guidance on that piece, just yet. I would tell you that I think what we did in this year to try to accelerate walk-out and design is certainly in an effort to be able to build the rural builds at a good pace, which I think is both consistent with what strategically we'd like to do, because having the passings and service sooner than later is good for the business. From a regulatory perspective, we're certainly doing everything that we can to meet expectations on that side as well and in placing the build and service. I don't, on that basis, sort of have a number to give you for next year.
I would just tell you that I would expect our pace to continue to be strong because we're trying to build what we need to build as quickly as we're able to do so.
Thank you, and congratulations again, Tom and Chris. That's well deserved.
Thank you.
Thanks, Phil. Katie, we'll take our next question, please.
Thank you. Our next question will come from Jonathan Chaplin with New Street. Your line is now open.
Thanks. Tom, to add my congratulations to the rest. It's been an incredible run. I only wish the stock was where it was a year ago, as you were heading out the door. Maybe it will be by December. Holding thumbs and congratulations to you as well, Chris. I'm wondering if you can give us. So you mentioned that, you know, you haven't changed prices on any of your packages or plans, and you don't really see the Spectrum One offer as a price cut. I'm wondering if you can comment on the pricing environment more broadly around you from your competitors and, you know, how you think the introduction of fixed wireless broadband into the market may be impacting industry pricing more broadly.
Tom, you sort of reiterated what Charter's strategy has been clearly for years and years, which is to drive growth with volumes and to be very measured on price. It's been clear how that's been sort of a hallmark of creating long-term value for Charter for a long time. Help us think about, though, the pace at which EBITDA would grow in an environment where volumes are just gonna be, you know, potentially lower for a while, if, you know, and you're continuing to take a measured approach to pricing. Thank you.
I'll jump in first.
Really?
You said we haven't changed. Sorry. I just wanna correct what you said. I said we haven't lowered our pricing. You know, Tom mentioned that.
Yes.
You know, we have, you know, passed through, you know, some of the inflationary cost increases, and that includes broadband. Should be indicative in terms of how we're thinking about that. Then on the fixed wireless, I'm just throwing in a few pieces here and let others cover the rest. The fixed wireless access, you know, the pricing really is designed for, you know, a full suite bundle of multiple mobile lines, and in some cases, high-priced mobile lines combined with, you know, the fixed wireless access. I think the right comparison is if you take a look at our existing pricing in September with both broadband and mobile lines, 'cause that's a comparable comparison. We're now with Spectrum One. Compare that to the combined fixed wireless access offerings.
I think that's the best way to take a look at it. When you do that, you'll see that we're dramatically not only lower in terms of price and higher in terms of value, but the quality of the product is not really comparable. I think that's the right way to think about those.
Yeah. I guess I would just add that.
That opportunity for our ability to continue to grow against the market share is significant. I said in my prepared remarks that we're 28% penetrated in terms of dollar takeout of consumer spend for mobile and for broadband combined. We have this big physical infrastructure where every customer we connect to it requires no real significant capital. The opportunity for us to drive growth using that network with superior products at attractive prices is huge, and the dollar value of what's in front of us is huge. That's the big opportunity in our structure. It really hasn't changed. The fact that we have mobility associated with our broadband products now in a combined product really means that you have very high-priced mobile products with very small usage on a bandwidth basis.
We can add those into our product mix very attractively for consumers. When we look at what consumers are spending, we can save those consumers a lot of money. That's the, you know, the basic concept, and it hasn't changed. What has changed is the technologies we're using and the product sets and how they're combined. The basic notion of there's a huge marketplace with a lot of spend in it, and we're not getting much of it, and we'd like to get more, and we will.
I guess in terms of how that then translates into EBITDA trajectory, Jonathan, you know, I don't think it'll come as a surprise to anyone that based on the slower broadband customer growth that we've had over the last year, really coming out of the really accelerated growth in those customers and pull forward during COVID, will mean that we had kind of higher revenue growth followed by what's likely to be somewhat lower revenue growth versus that COVID time period. I think based on what Tom talked about, that then as we sort of execute on the converged connectivity plan and as we see some return to normalcy in the market, we certainly expect that in the medium to longer term, that will pick back up and so that you'll have that increasing revenue growth again.
Similar on the expense side, we certainly have seen some impact, and I think we called out some of the impact of inflation in the financials in Q3. But we think that sort of once again sort of is a temporary crunch on growth that is consistent with what we think that people expect, but that will be followed by a return to more normal levels. Ultimately, in the medium and long term, I think that the trajectory of EBITDA growth is back closer to pre-pandemic levels. I acknowledge that I think that there could be a little bit of slowness in that growth in the short term.
That's great. Thanks, Jessica. I appreciate that.
Thanks, Jonathan. We'll take our next question, please.
Thank you. Our next question will come from Vijay Jayant with Evercore. Your line is now open.
Thanks. My congratulations to you both. Just a couple of questions. One, you know, you've talked about a broadband rate increase. I mean, we haven't seen it online in the market yet. Any details on what the magnitude of that is? Obviously, you know, ARPU for broadband seems to be a big focus for all of us, given you know, sort of flattish unit growth. Any sense on what that could drive broadband ARPU in 2023? Just for housekeeping, was there any ACP impact on the broadband net adds for the quarter? Thanks so much.
I'll take the last one of those first. There was some impact of the EBB to ACP conversion on broadband in the quarter. It was much smaller than it was last quarter, and we expect it to be much smaller going forward, so I don't think we'll call it out at all separately. I would call out, you know, internet ARPU growth in the year-over-year. Overall ARPU was flat, but internet ARPU was up 2.2%. If you included mobile in overall ARPU, it would've been up $1.60 versus last year.
We think that there is sort of ARPU growth happening in the market, really largely driven by sort of mix issues and by our ability to penetrate the market further on the mobile side, driving sort of additional, I'll say, real growth of the business beyond just what you can get from a pricing perspective. We feel like we're doing well there. I don't think that we'll give guidance on what ARPU growth we expect going forward, but that's what we're seeing now.
Great. Thanks so much.
All right. Thanks, Vijay. We'll take our next question, please.
Thank you. Our next question will come from Peter Supino with Wolfe Research. Your line is now open.
Hi, and thank you. Two questions. One mobile. Historically, Charter and Comcast have said that mobile's primarily added by existing customers, and I'm wondering if it's fair to assume that Spectrum One represents an intent to invest what you've called a high mobile contribution margin on the incremental sub in customer acquisitions in converged customers, and whether that is the solution for this broadband problem. Separately, I just wondered if you could comment on sequential growth. It looks to me like broadband commercial and mobile, adjusted for a view of the EBB losses, grew less than $50 million sequentially. I'm trying to square this with your leverage. I'm sure it's not your view that that is the future, and so any comments on sequential growth would be helpful. Thank you.
Peter, to the first part of your question, I'd say yes. You know, we expect to be able to pull broadband growth through. It's a complicated sale, obviously, and but yes. You know, you mentioned the, is Spectrum One the solution to the broadband growth issue we have right now, and I think it could be additive, but it's not the solution. The problem right now is market activity. I know that's not the fashionable thing to say right now, but the biggest problem we face is market activity. When that comes back, I think that's the solution to broadband growth.
The Spectrum One has the opportunity, as Tom said, to drive incremental internet growth as well as still today, the biggest source of mobile growth is by far the upgrades to our existing internet base, which, you know, should benefit that base as well.
On sequential growth, I guess I would point out a couple of things. One I highlighted in the prepared remarks, which was that the growth that we saw in Q2 was impacted by pricing adjustments that we had taken for video pass through. The way that those overlapped year-over-year, you actually had the impact of two in the second quarter versus only one in the third quarter. That's part of what was happening there. They're also in enterprise commercial, there was a one-time item that was a benefit in last year that you don't have in this year that sort of pressured those growth rates in the year-over-year, so or in the sequential quarters.
Some of what you're seeing there is just sort of the impact of lumpiness, not overall growth trajectory. On the leverage point, I would say that where we're sitting right now, you know, the free cash flow yield on equity is so high that I think that continuing to do share buybacks presents a significant opportunity for the company just based on where we're sitting on that point. The overall capital structure, I think, has been an advantage to the company in the long term. I don't see where we are even in what might be a temporarily pressured growth environment as being a reason to move off of where we've been from a leverage standpoint or a share buyback strategy.
Consistent with what I said, we certainly expect to stay at the top of our 4x-4.5x leverage ratio.
Thank you. Tom, thanks for a great decade at Charter.
Thank you.
Thanks, Peter. We'll take our next question, please.
Thank you. Our next question will come from Brett Feldman with Goldman Sachs. Your line is now open.
Thanks, and I'll just echo Mike. Congrats to Tom and to Chris. My first question here to follow up for Jessica, you mentioned the merits of continuing to buy back your stock at these levels. Your debt's also trading at significant discounts to par. I'm wondering if that could also be an accretive opportunity to buy back some of your debt out of the market. Then, we've seen cord cutting pick up on a year-over-year basis at your business at most other operators' businesses. I'm curious if you could give us some insight as to what's driving it, meaning, we know that there's been fewer and fewer gross connects over the last several years.
I'm wondering if you're actually seeing an uplift in people cutting the cord, meaning they get rid of their pay TV, but remain with you as a customer for broadband. Thank you.
On the debt repurchase question, I also have noticed that our debt is trading at a discount in the market. We do modeling consistently as to what we think the best option as between the two is, particularly given our plans to stay at the top end of our leverage range. I won't comment on anything in particular that we plan to do, but we do certainly notice it, and we'll continue to do our modeling, and we'll make the next decision based on what appears appropriate given where the market sits at that moment.
Cord cutting, you know, the biggest driver here is the pricing of the-
Of video.
Of video. The fact that we're having to pass through programming rate increases, which still continue to be outsized even relative to inflation, means that customers have a difficulty affording it, even if it's really something that they'd like to have. Yes, it predominantly is driving downgrades of video and.
Not disconnects of broadband.
Not disconnects, yeah, and retaining the connectivity relationship.
In many cases, we disconnect the video customer, downgraded video customer and sell them a mobile package at the same time, and they actually end up saving money, obviously because they have no video or they buy a smaller video package from us in many cases. But they also end up driving ARPU up in the sense that they buy mobile. That mobile is a good value for them. Their overall household spend is savings. It is a savings.
Thank you. Thanks, Brett. Katie, we'll take our last question, please.
Thank you. Our last question will come from Michael Rollins with Citi. Your line is now open.
Thanks. Two questions. First, if I could revisit the ARPU discussion. As you're looking at that relationship between broadband ARPU and volume performance in the quarter, does this signify that there's just greater price sensitivity to grow the broadband base going forward? Secondly, if the U.S. goes into recession, how should investors think about the sensitivity in terms of Charter's KPIs and financial performance? As you're describing the customers are trading down in video, is there a risk that that accelerates or that customers step down their broadband tiers? Thanks.
I'll try to answer that. You know, I've been through a lot of recessions in my career, and I have a hard time remembering them because our business performs so well during them. The reason is that our products are really attractive even when consumers are under stress. Obviously, there's a certain amount of, you know, stress that you can't overcome. Video, I think, will be challenged. On the other hand, it's a very attractive product if you're unemployed. It's still even at the high price that it is a good value relative to other forms of entertainment.
You know, the reality is that in a recessionary environment, when people become more price sensitive, the value proposition that we offer with our everyday pricing is superior to what they can get elsewhere, which means that we actually become more attractive when people are more conscious of the price they're paying for other products. I'm not that worried about a recession from our company's perspective.
Yeah, there might be some impacts that you would see in a space like advertising or-
Yeah.
Enterprise.
Enterprise.
The performance that we could get in mobile, particularly given our pricing there, would be good. Even if it had video downgrades on the other side, the margins in mobile are actually better than the margins in video. You get some advantage of more customers moving into the mobile side of the business as well.
We're not hoping for a recession, but we're prepared.
We'll be fine.
On broadband, it's a staple product which insulates it during that. Unlike, you know, many, we have not been pushing speed upgrades for the purpose of just generating rate. It's really been about when a customer wants a higher speed or feels they need a higher speed. That's when it's been offered, and it's been offered in an attractive rate. The risk of a downgrade of those speed upgrades, I think is mitigated with us because we haven't artificially driven that into the base.
On the subject of price sensitivity, are you seeing more sensitivity in price to grow the broadband base on a net level going forward?
I mean, I think we've said that the issue in broadband is activity. It hasn't been that there's additional price sensitivity. It's just that there's not a lot of movement in the market overall. I don't think that scenario is significantly different than what it's been before. We've always competed all across our footprint and we continue to do that today. The price sensitivity of that competition is not significantly different than it was in the past. Price has always been important and continues to be important. That's why having packages that provide value to consumers helps us to grow subscribers and has helped us over time to grow subscribers at a faster pace than our competitors.
The way I would, you know, if there were price issues with broadband, you'd see broadband disconnects, and they're at historic lows.
Thanks, Mike. Katie, back to you.
Thank you, ladies and gentlemen. This concludes today's event. You may now disconnect.