Should you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key, followed by zero. After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To ask a question, you may press star, then one on your telephone keypad. To withdraw your question, please press star, then two. I would now like to turn the conference over to Mr. Jim Stark. Please go ahead.
Thanks, Andrea. Welcome to the Darling Ingredients Q2 earnings call. Participants on the call this morning are Mr. Randall C. Stuewe, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Brad Phillips, our Chief Financial Officer, Mr. John Bullock, our Chief Strategy Officer, and Ms. Sandra Dudley, our Senior VP of Renewables and Strategy. There is a slide presentation available, and you can find that presentation on the investor page under the events and presentations link on our corporate website. During this call, we will be making forward-looking statements, which are predictions, projections, and other statements about future events. These statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties.
Actual results could materially differ because of factors discussed in yesterday's press release, and the comments made during this conference call, and in the Risk Factors section of our Form 10-K, 10-Q, and other reported filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We do not undertake any duty to update any forward-looking statement. I would like to hand the call over to Randy.
Hey, thanks, Jim. Good morning, everybody. Thanks for joining us on our call this morning. It's great to have everybody here. Over the trailing 12 months, Darling Ingredients business has generated in excess of $4 billion in sales, and now more than $1 billion of combined adjusted EBITDA. To us, this is a significant breakthrough for all of our stakeholders and puts us on an accelerated path to continued growth across all of our business segments in the coming months and years. Darling opportunistically repurchased approximately $76 million of common stock during the second quarter because we believe that our diverse, green, global business will continue to appreciate in value in the near future. We saw many records in Q2 in all segments and including our joint venture, Diamond Green Diesel.
In total, our global Ingredients business generated approximately $222 million of EBITDA, and DGD produced $132 million, which is our half, making our combined adjusted EBITDA just shy of $354 million for the second quarter. We are very excited about the anticipated startup of the new 400 million gal renewable diesel expansion in Norco. We are approximately 60 days from the largest project of its kind to begin producing one of the greenest hydrocarbons on the planet. We are pleased that the startup of the 470 million gal renewable diesel plant located in Port Arthur, Texas, has now moved to the first half of 2023 for startup. Once Port Arthur is online, the DGD platform will have 1.2 billion gal of renewable diesel production capacity and 50 million gal of green gasoline capability. With that, now I'd like to hand it over to Brad to take us through the financials.
I'll come back and discuss our outlook and why we're raising our guidance for the balance of 2021. Brad?
Okay. Thanks, Randy. We'll take a look at the income statement first, briefly. Net income for the second quarter of 2021 total $196.6 million or $1.17 per diluted share, compared to net income of $65.4 million, or $0.39 per diluted share for the 2020 second quarter. Net sales increased 41.2% to $1.2 billion for the second quarter of 2021 as compared to $848.7 million for the second quarter of 2020. Operating income increased 152.4% to $268.3 million for the second quarter of 2021, compared to $106.3 million for the second quarter of 2020. The increase in operating income was primarily due to the $104.3 million increase in gross margin, which was a 48.2% increase in gross margin over the same quarter in 2020.
Adding to our operating income improvement was our 50% share of Diamond Green Diesel's net income, which was $125.8 million as compared to $63.5 million for the second quarter of 2020. A quick comment on gross margin percentage as it continues to improve year-over-year and sequentially. For the first six months of this year, our gross margin percentage was 26.5% compared to 24.8% for the same period a year ago, which comes out to a 6.8% improvement year-over-year. We continued to experience higher protein and fats prices in the second quarter compared to the same period a year ago, while at the same time maintaining historically high volumes. This better pricing environment and strong volumes are driving the improved results for the first half of 2021, and that trend, we believe, will continue for the balance of this year.
Depreciation and amortization declined $4.1 million in the second quarter of 2021 compared to the second quarter of 2020. This decline is primarily in our Foods segment, where certain assets became fully depreciated and/or amortized by the end of 2020. SG&A increased $8.9 million in the quarter as compared to the prior year. The main drivers for the higher cost in the quarter were related to FX, travel, and insurance increases. Interest expense declined $2.7 million for the second quarter 2021 as compared to the 2020 second quarter. Turning to income taxes. The company recorded income tax expense of $55 million for the three months into July 3rd, 2021.
The effective tax rate is 21.7%, which differs from the federal statutory rate of 21%, due primarily to biofuel tax incentives, the relative mix of earnings among jurisdictions with different tax rates, and certain taxable income inclusion items in the U.S. based on foreign earnings. For the six months into July 3rd, 2021, the company recorded income tax expense of $83.7 million and an effective tax rate of 19.2%. The company has also paid $25.3 million of income taxes as of the end of the second quarter. For 2021, we are projecting an effective tax rate of 22% and cash taxes of approximately $20 million for the remainder of this year. Our balance sheet remains strong with our total debt outstanding as of July 3rd at approximately $1.44 billion, and the bank covenant leverage ratio ended the second quarter at 1.71 x.
Capital expenditures were $65.3 million for Q2 2021 and total $126.1 million for the first six months of 2021, which is in line with our planned spend of approximately $312 million on capital expenditures for fiscal 2021. As a reminder, this CapEx spend does not include our share of the capital spend at Diamond Green Diesel, which continues to be funded by internal resources at DGD. With that, Randy, I'll turn it back over to you.
Hey, thanks, Brad. As our Global Ingredients business and Diamond Green Diesel continues to perform well, we are once again updating our combined adjusted EBITDA guidance for 2021. We are raising the guidance for the year to $1.275 billion, as we indicated in the press release yesterday, and also on slide five of our IR deck. Through the first half of 2021, we have produced $638.5 million of combined adjusted EBITDA, and we believe, based on what we see in our markets at the present time, the second half performance of 2021 will be as strong as the first. DGD has sold 162 million gal of renewable diesel in the first half of 2021. With DGD II starting up in Q4, we should see over 200 million gal sold in the back half of 2021.
I do want to point out that we would expect the EBITDA margin per gal for DGD to normalize back into the original guidance range that we gave you of $2.25- $2.40/ gal over the next six months. I would also add, that's not a bad thing. Earning $2.97 EBITDA / gal in the first half was well above our expectations, and with margins normalizing in the second half, DGD can still put up EBITDA / gal north of $2.50/ gal during all of 2021. Remember that our focus at DGD is to improve our efficiencies, lower our carbon index scores, and innovate production of renewable diesel and other renewable products that we can make, like renewable naphtha and soon, sustainable aviation fuel.
With the largest platform in North America, DGD will continue to take full advantage of its first-mover position for a long time to come. Now, that we are less than five months away from 2022, we think it might be time to frame up our expectations for the next calendar year. With our current Global Ingredients Business approaching $800 million of EBITDA for 2021, we believe that our base business could grow in the range of 5%-10% for 2022. Our assumption for this growth is continued higher demand for animal proteins and fats, and continued growth of Peptan product sales around the globe. We anticipate that DGD will earn $2.25/ gal in 2022 and at a 700 million gal sold rate, that puts Darling's half of DGD EBITDA at approximately $800 million.
Our DGD outlook for 2022 is based on DGD's ideal location, our incredibly flexible logistical platform, our processing capabilities, and the fact that we have by far the most experienced and capable team of people, which makes DGD the lowest cost producer of renewable diesel in the world. Adding it all up, Darling Ingredients' combined adjusted EBITDA for 2022 should be in the range of approximately $1.6 billion-$1.7 billion. For a quick comparison, last year, we reported $841.5 million of combined adjusted EBITDA. Where we stand today, the 2022 estimate is double what we earned in 2020.
Yes, our team needs to execute to deliver this performance next year, and I am very confident that they will because for the last year and a half, our 10,000 employees have delivered stellar results in what has been one of the most challenging environments a business or a community or our people and people around the world have ever faced with the ongoing pandemic. I'm very thankful for the hard work and dedication in finding ways to make our global platform hum on all cylinders in the face of COVID-19. With that, let's go ahead and open it up to Q&A, Andrea.
We will now begin the question and answer session. To ask a question, you may press star then one on your telephone keypad. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing the keys. To withdraw your question, please press star then two. We ask that you please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. If you have further questions, you may reenter the question queue
At this time, we will pause momentarily to assemble the roster. The first question comes from Ben Bienvenu of Stephens. Please go ahead.
Hey, good morning, guys, and congrats on a nice quarter.
Morning, Ben.
I want to talk about capital allocation. You bought back some stock in the quarter. While in absolute terms it was not a significant amount, I think it's important that you guys send the signal, obviously, of the confidence in the business and your commentary on 2022 underlies that as well. Can you help us think about, given all of the cash flow coming in the door in 2022, how do you think about capital allocation priorities? How do you toggle between buybacks or potential special dividends or M&A? Just help us think about that paradigm you're using.
Yeah, Ben, this is Randy, and Brad and I can tag team this. Obviously, over the last couple of years, we've used some buybacks opportunistically. Once again, as the market tried to digest some global commodity volatility during the quarter, as we looked at our base earnings, the DGD current earnings and outlooks, our earnings are robust, and the forward look is very strong at this time. It just felt like the right thing to do to allocate capital to it. Our M&A slate has not developed to a point out there where anything's imminent. Obviously, we'll always look at things. We've been very gentle in our approach and controlled over the last four to five years as some things have come to market to not overpay. Clearly, allocating capital to DGD is absolutely been the right thing due to the returns that are available to us.
We're at an inflection point, and that's the reason we decided to step out and talk about 2022 today. While we put $800 million and $800 million out there, or you can go $750 million, $850 million, whatever you want to do, you can do it plus or minus $50 million or $100 million. That doesn't change the trajectory that the company's on now. What I mean trajectory, the amount of free cash flow that's going to be available to it to either buy back stock, put a meaningful dividend, or acquire supply chain or growth assets that make sense as we go forward.
As we've tried to tell people, as you look into October here, and God willing, a nice start up at DGD, and all of a sudden you've got a 700, 750 million gal asset at two and a quarter, $2.40 a gal, now generating significant cash that puts meaningful dividends in the 2022 portfolio. Absolutely significant dividends in 2023 and 2024. This is not just a snapshot of the world. As we look forward, we're going to have incredible flexibility as we look to either pay down debt. We've got two bonds out there. We've got a little bit of term B pre-payable, we'll go forward from there. I know that we'll probably get questions on sustainable aviation fuel. We might as well hit them up right now.
John Bullock and Sandy are working hard on the technology there as to whether it's a bolt-on or whether it's an additional plant as we go forward. I think the thing that we feel confident about it is now that we understand what it takes to make that fuel. We'll comment more later as questions come on what it takes to develop that market. Ultimately, we don't see our business stopping growing here in the next three to five years. We kind of see a platform now that is really agitated to the point that it can continue to grow and have a lot more fun.
That's great. Thank you for the color. If I think in the near term quickly, obviously we're awaiting some sort of verdict around RVO and the RFS. You alluded to turbulence in the commodity markets last year as an opportunity to buy back stock. Could you talk about that dynamic, particularly if we juxtapose it with your outlook and the confidence there, the opportunity around SAF, the inflecting cash flow? Is that the sort of event that potentially presents an opportunity to be more aggressive with capital allocation from a buyback perspective? And how do you think, depending on what the range of outcomes might be, how do you think that dynamic ultimately really has an influence on your business?
I'm going to tag team this with John Bullock a little bit here. It's really fascinating as you wake up again this morning and you see the palm oil numbers and palm oil up sharply, pulling bean oil up back again another 150 points. I don't know that volatility is going to be reduced here in the near future. What we're looking at around the globe is strong protein demand for meat consumption. I don't see that waning. I think you can see the meat exports out of the U.S., whether year-over-year or frozen stocks. Things are still pretty strong here. I think the U.S. could produce more meat right now if we could find labor, and that's clearly a challenge that is out there. Proteins to feed animals seem to have stabilized.
I think we would have felt that those might have backed off the back half of the year in the inverse that was out there, but those have seemed to stabilize. Then fats, to a degree, and Jim Stark told me I couldn't take a victory lap, but I always do. I don't listen to Jim. At the end of the day, our goal has always been to get animal fats equivalent to bean oil, and we're very close to that right now. Not refined, bleached, deodorized bean oil that some of the guys that are out there are having to buy today in their renewable diesel plants, but from a standpoint of getting degummed bean oil and animal fats to equal, we've been successful, and that's really been one of our 20-year goals around here.
Diamond Green Diesel too is starting to accumulate the feedstock in order to begin to run at its new rate in October here. I think we're seeing that impact now, and that's what gives us then the confidence that our core business is going to carry over strong, both here, Canada, and Europe in the supply chain side as we go into 2022. John, anything you want to add?
Yeah, I think it's important to put this in context. We have been saying for years that both with the VION acquisition, the Maple Leaf acquisition, and then the subsequent growth we did, which was extremely aggressive for 5 years on building plants, expanding plants. Our volume base has increased magnificently since the last time we had a strong commodity cycle. We told everybody, "Listen, we know we're acquiring assets. We're below the 10-year average price. When the average price swings back to the 10-year, or as it has now above the 10-year, you're going to be surprised at what rolls out of our base business." Well, surprise, it's happened. The interesting thing about these commodity cycles that we're now in is we're talking about a demand-driven cycle here. This is not supply disasters around the world.
We've got a few cases of that going on, like with canola in Canada. Largely, this is demand driven. It's demand driven by the ASF issue, which has caused a repopulation of the pig herd in China, and we don't know where that is in the process. That could still last for a while. A lot of the big commodity companies, the grain companies, are saying they think it's going to sustain for quite a period of time. It's from a biofuel policy that is based on solid climate change issues that have to be addressed by the world. From our view, what we see is an extremely strong, I wouldn't call it a commodity cycle, it's a demand cycle that's being created by strong fundamentals. We would anticipate that would last for a period of time.
With the volume that we're processing through our machine at this point in time, that gives us great confidence to think that our trajectory, which has been pretty spectacular, has a long ways to go as we move forward. On top of that, we've got cash to be aggressive if we can find the right places to allocate that cash too. It's a nice position.
Okay. Randy, John, thanks so much. Congrats and good luck with the back half.
Thanks, Ben.
The next question comes from Adam Samuelson of Goldman Sachs. Please go ahead.
Yes, thanks. Good morning.
Good morning.
I think you almost answered all half my questions in those answers previously, Randy, but I'll give it a shot. Maybe first on the base business, as we think about the feed business, where it is exiting the second quarter, you talked about fat used cooking oil prices approaching commodity soy oil and then food grade pricing. Just make sure, can you characterize the implied deceleration in earnings in the feed segment in the back half of the year if those spreads continue to narrow, especially with Diamond Green ramping up? It does seem like you're implying that the second quarter might have been a little bit of a high watermark on feed EBITDA, and just wondering what drives that.
Yeah. I don't know that we'd imply that the second quarter was high water. I think in the words of Zac Brown, the tide's still rising here. What I mean by that is Diamond Green Diesel's, what they're paying for fat down today is in the mid-60s. That was my comment about above crude degummed soybean oil now. If you think through in second quarter, those numbers were in the 50s. Obviously Sandy can address if we need to, the margin structure at DGD. Clearly there's some margin compression to normalization off of the higher feedstock prices, the higher feedstock prices are now giving us the confidence, Adam, for third quarter and fourth quarter. I don't see any weakness in the feed segment in the third or fourth quarter. Seasonally, the third quarter always seems like it's a little weaker.
That's due to the discounts that we would take on selling animal fats that were of lesser quality or higher acid during the summer. We now have a machine that can take those, that should bring a different value into the North American system than we've had in the past. The one risk that we see out there today is they're taking six days now in a slaughterhouse to kill what they will process, what they were in five days in a lot of cases. That's just due to the absolute shortage of labor that's happening everywhere in the country, whether it's rural or urban as we go forward. I don't know that I see a fix in the near future on that. Clearly animals are coming in of weight, that seems to be working just fine.
At the end of the day, if you think through our system, then we now have to run six days where maybe we were running five or 5.5 to keep up with them. We're trying to manage the cost structure and things around that to maintain margin as these guys go forward. That said, animal production economics in North America are still favorable, and they're favorable around the world as people have the wealth to buy the product. If you think back in the mid-2000s as corn ran up to $6 or $8, animal feeding economics became challenged. No one could figure out could the producer, could the retailer pass it along? How much would be the lead lag time in that process? Well, the people have money. They're eating at home, they're eating out, and they're paying the prices.
You may need an armed guard to get a steak at Whole Foods these days, but at the end of the day, I don't see really meat consumption slowing down. As we said earlier, protein, whether they're mixed species specific or poultry proteins, everything seems to be in sync around the world today. The other challenge, if we highlight it, which is no different than a lot of businesses, clearly container freight around the world has been disrupted for various reasons. It's not only 50% higher, but it's 50% less dependable right now as we try to move stuff around the world, causing some logistical backups at plants here and there, but nothing we're not used to managing to. Long story, feed segment's solid. We don't see really any degradation there. Probably stronger in Q4.
As we look forward, the Food segment, we've been challenged there by the reduction of slaughter due to COVID in South America, and that's in our gelatin, our Peptan businesses down there where we process basically bovine hide or beef hide. We're continuing to deal with those challenges as we go forward. We've been able to get through it, and we continue to grow our Peptan sales around the world. It's come with some real challenges on origination there, but I think those will start to improve as the vaccines roll out in different parts of the world. John, anything you want to add?
No, you hit it.
Just quickly, if I could follow up. You mentioned earlier about sustainable aviation fuel and that being a bit of more of a plant bolt on to some of the existing infrastructure. At this point, any way to dimensionalize maybe what the capital intensity of that could look like or what it would take from a policy perspective before you'd think about moving forward with any of that kind of investment?
This is Sandy. We have looked at the capital. It's going to obviously mean that we have to either add more equipment or if we're building another facility, that there's specific equipment that will need to be added there. We've kind of studied the yield profile and what that would look like. We've done all the background work in terms of the feedstocks and talking to the logical markets. We've also looked at the preliminary engineering as well, and we've evaluated those economics. Kind of as we said on last quarter's call, currently today, those economics just don't pan out. We think that things look very positive. What we've seen between last quarter and this quarter is we saw in the EU, the Fit for 55 program came out, and under that they're proposing a mandate for SAF.
That's very positive. If you look at that mandate, we don't know that it will turn out the way that it's written today. It starts off at 2% in 2025, and it grows to like 62% by 2050. That's huge. We think that that's the path that the EU is going down. We think that that's also a model that we hope the U.S. gets to today. What we've been hearing more in the U.S. is we've been hearing more about incentive type programs. People have been talking about those in terms of a $1.50 level with, if you use low carbon feedstocks, it may progress up from there. I think both of those are very positive things that we're seeing right now.
I think that if we can get the right mandates and the right incentives in place, the market will do what it's supposed to do, and it will produce the gallons that are needed. As long as those things are in place, DGD will be a part of that.
All right, great. I really appreciate all the color. I'll pass it on. Thanks.
Thanks, Adam.
The next question comes from Manav Gupta of Credit Suisse. Please go ahead.
Hey, guys. Congrats on the good quarter and the guidance raise. You had always said, and I wish people were listening, that renewable diesel is a learning curve. There is a lot of learning that has gone over the years between you and Valero, which is allowing you to deliver these results. Now, one of these refiners who initially thought all you need is a broken hydrotreater to bring it on, is now coming out and saying, "I actually may not even start my plant." Just sitting here and wondering, there's a lot of capacity announced here, but as some of these new entrants try and copy your model and realize the margins you are generating are absolutely elusive to them, do you actually think this capacity comes on and doesn't really start? Or do you think some of these capacity announcements are actually canceled here?
Yeah, Manav, this is John. At the end of the day, I think we never want to disparage anybody who's a competitor or a potential competitor. What I would repeat is that building a machine that is well located, that can handle the low carbon feedstocks, that allow you to maximize your profitability, that has flexibility to hit all of the best markets in the world, is not easy. Everybody that's jumped into this business, many of them have pretended that this is like being in a little wade pool that you can walk through it and be fine.
Running renewable diesel plants is difficult. It takes tremendous expertise. I will tell you, the sophistication that's occurring to manage margins and take advantages of margins and feedstocks that's occurring in Diamond Green Diesel is absolutely startling when you look underneath the covers. The fact of the matter is, we see a lot of announcements out there. Some may happen, some may not. We have built Diamond for the long haul. We will, we believe, always be in the position to have the best margins in the industry. The other people will do what the other people do, and we're prepared for the competition, and we welcome the race. If others want to come, it's up to them. That's their choice.
We're prepared to have an excellently run facility in the right place with the right capabilities. It's not easy to do that. It takes a lot more money than a lot of people are pretending that it takes to get into this business. They'll do what they're going to do. We're going to do what we're going to do.
No, perfect. It looks like you are absolutely on the right path. My quick follow-up here is, obviously the feed segment was very strong. If you dig a little and look at the revenue line items of all the components you provide in the 10-Q, quarter-over-quarter, fats was up, the revenue line item was materially up, and proteins was also, but fats was up a lot more. I'm just trying to understand, you have repeatedly said, "Look, this is a demand-driven cycle." Can you help us quantify those markets between fats and proteins? We understand there's an upcycle on both, but between those, how are the two trending?
Yeah. Let me take a shot at that. I think what you see with most production of fats and proteins in the world is most sources of those produce more protein than they do fat. When you see a large increase in production of vegetable material around the world, and as we're starting to see an increase in the upcycle on some of the low CI feedstocks, as we have higher prices here too, you see a combination of a little more fat than you do a meal coming into the marketplace.
I think, obviously, with the demand coming from China, which has been both a protein and a energy or fat-based demand, and then the biofuels market focusing in the low CI biofuels market, focusing on the energy side a little bit more, you're seeing a little bit more of a drive up in the price of fats. I would say, quite frankly, and Randy alluded to it earlier, protein pricing is very, very good at this point in time as well. It's not gone up as much, but you really get a combination of fats and proteins from the supply chain that come to us, a little less fats normally than protein. That means fat's gone up a little bit more, but proteins have been very, very strong for us as well.
Thank you so much for taking my questions.
Thanks, Manav.
The next question comes from Tom Palmer of J.P. Morgan. Please go ahead.
Good morning. Thanks for the question.
Good morning.
You noted your assumption for the second half at DGD is $2.25-$2.40 EBITDA/ gal. This would imply some slowdown from current levels. In your assumptions, what drives it? Is it the startup at DGD pushing up low CI prices? Just some conservatism? To what extent have you already begun to build inventory for the expansion, meaning some of the demand pull is already reflected in market pricing?
I think what you saw in Q2 is the stars really aligned for us. We came into the quarter, and we had purchased feedstocks, and those were lower priced than what we saw during that quarter. What you saw was we had the machine that allowed us to take advantage and really run those lower priced feedstocks, and we didn't have to run the RBD soybean, which is what the marginal producer was using. You also saw that soybean prices went up. RINs had to work really hard. You saw that because of that, the margins fell to our bottom line. I think what you had also asked is, where are we in preparation for DGD 2 and coming online in terms of feedstocks and things like that, and we're already loading feedstocks into our tanks right now. We're preparing as we speak.
Okay. Thank you. I just wanted to follow up. This was brought up on an earlier question, but I'm not sure you fully addressed it. Just on the RVO side, we get a lot of questions, I'm sure you do as well, just on how this might shake out for 2022. Do you have any thoughts just on the likely scenario for biomass-based diesel? Do you think volume will take into account capacity that's coming online? I would assume you're pushing that side of it at least.
Yeah, I don't think that we know for sure. The Biden administration has been very carbon intensity focused, very GHG reduction focused. I think that there's probably a push to keep volumes where they are, not accelerate it. I don't know that. I can't answer that. It would look strange, I suppose, if volumes reduced for any reason and didn't grow.
Yeah. If I can just add on top of that. We have with the Biden administration, the most environmentally focused administration that we've ever had in the history of the United States of America. It is very apparent that biofuels substantially reduce carbon emissions. It would be extremely odd for an administration that is basing its marker on reducing carbon emissions to do something that would not promote
The additional production of carbon emissions. We feel very good about how this works. The other thing I would point out is this. We are now late in the process of developing the RVOs for 2021, 2022. Historically, when we've gotten into these type of positions, we have never seen them reduce the mandate as they move forward. They always go and hold it where it is, which with COVID has put the D6 RINs or ethanol RINs into a very tight issue in being able to reach compliance. We feel that this market is where it is for a while. The administration is clearly taking their time on coming out because this is always a political hot button when they do this. This administration is focused for the interest of Darling biodiesel on exactly the right issue, which is carbon emissions.
We would anticipate they would stay true to their DNA and be supportive of low carbon emission reductions as we move forward.
Thank you.
The next question comes from Craig Irwin of Roth Capital Partners. Please go ahead.
Hi, good morning, and congratulations on that really solid result.
Thanks, Craig.
Randy, this is an exciting time, right? You've got line of sight on a double from $800 to $1.6 billion-$1.7 billion in EBITDA. We really haven't seen the biggest tailwind ever for the industry on the rendering side cutting yet, right? The 15, give or take, plants that are either announced or unannounced in renewable diesel. Can you talk about how you see that potentially cutting in, say, a third or a half of those get built? Is this a multi-year process as far as how it impacts feedstock prices? Is there maybe an opportunity for you to get bigger on the rendering side to service that?
Yeah, I think there's a bunch of questions hidden in there. I think as John talked about, we are not in the boardrooms and the inside baseball of the thinking of some of the petroleum industry or even independents that are trying to enter the business. They have various drivers from margin to environmental deference costs to compliance avoidance. Who knows what their spreadsheet truly is driven off of. What we know from a fact out here is the one plant of 180 or 85 million gal in Dickinson, North Dakota, truly upset the supply and demand of RBD soybean oil in the United States. You don't have to go to Harvard to see what that happened to in the sense of the lack of capacity of the deodorization or a different way, the lack of pretreatment.
Pretreatment is an easy word that a lot of people use out there. I'm not sure they know what it means, and what it requires, and what it gets you and what it doesn't get you. What I know that it's gotten us is eight years of a head start here of learning what are good fats, what are not so good fats, and what you can't process, and what kills catalysts. You get into the processing technologies. Those are still evolving. Clearly, we partnered with UOP to develop a technology. Remember, we've spent eight years of the expertise in the system here of refining that process to get not only yield, but catalytic life and really product quality that we're looking for around the world. I ultimately believe that someone's going to try. Obviously, now you've seen other people try.
One has now deferred their startup. At the end of the day, if they all start up, you bet there's gonna be a feedstock war like never before. What John highlighted before was ultimately whether you were in the high fructose business, the soybean crushing business, the ethanol business, at the end of the day, you got to be in the right origination and right logistical location and have the right cost structure. I truly believe that the location economics that the team has put together between Norco or St. Charles and Port Arthur are beyond superior. It's hard to put a cents per gallon on it. I won't try. At the end of the day, we can look at different locations that are end of railroad, single railroad. We have double railroads. You can bring it in by barge.
You can bring it in by ship. You can ship it out by ship, Jones Act, non-Jones. Incredible that that's been designed in these facilities. As Sandy highlighted, well, now do we bolt on a jet unit? Do we build another jet unit? We're looking at the product mix. We're looking at the next five to ten years as we go out, the learnings that we've had, the expertise that's been developed. Then you marry it with the supply chain that we have here, Europe and South America. The answer is you bet, Craig. If we can find bolt-on acquisitions that once again give us access to feedstock arbitrages that make economic return sense for the shareholders, we've got the cash to do it. We've got the aptitude, we got the appetite and the expertise because it's in our fairway to deliver that. Nothing's off the table.
As we say, we're focused on our execution and our execution only. What the rest of these guys do, we'll watch and learn. We'll have a chuckle here and there, and someone will be successful at it, I'm pretty sure.
Excellent. I can't wait for that feedstock war to be in full effect. Congratulations on the progress.
The next question comes from Matthew Blair of Tudor, Pickering, Holt & Co. Please go ahead.
Hey, good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Randy, I was hoping you could size the RD opportunity in Canada with the CFS coming up in about one year, right? December 2022. On a big picture basis, the Canadian diesel market is roughly 2x the size of the California diesel market. Of course, some of the provinces already have blending requirements, and then B.C. has an existing program too. I guess, how do you think about that Canadian opportunity coming up in about one year in renewable diesel?
Yeah, I think, we're very positive about Canada. That's a market that we're serving today and a market that will grow for us, especially as there's more and more demand out of Canada. It's a market that I think that we're well set to serve. We now are able to produce Arctic diesel, which I think is going to be very positive for Canada. We're able to supply them volumes all year long, which is going to be something new for them. That's great. I think that Canada is probably one of the highlighted markets for us.
Sounds good. Then, in terms of the feedstock slate for DGD 2 , with the understanding that you'll take a pretty flexible approach and run whatever's the most economic, do we think about this as being most likely tallow and white grease? Will there be any UCO in that DGD 2 slate? Any sort of general modeling help would be appreciated.
Yeah, I think what you'll continue to see is you'll continue to see our typical mix. That mix may change in terms of percentages. You'll continue to see us using UCO. You'll continue to see us using UCO and of course, then the animal fats. The animal fats are likely to become a little bit more important as we go forward. I don't expect anything else to change beyond that.
Sounds good. Thanks.
The next question comes from Ken Zaslow of Bank of Montreal. Please go ahead.
Hey, good morning, guys.
Morning, Ken.
Hey, Ken.
Can you tell us the cost structure difference between you and the rest of the industry? I guess my first question is, have you mapped it? Can you tell us the spread? I think there's probably a pretty high return difference on the assets that are coming online versus what you guys do. Is there a way to quantify it or at least give some parameters to it?
Yeah, Ken, this is John. I think, as this industry has gone, there's a lot of folks out there that are now publishing weekly data on what the margin structure is of various types of biomass-based diesel, biodiesel, and renewable diesel facilities from various sources. That's fairly well known in the marketplace at this point in time. The answer to that is it's breathtaking when you start to look at a renewable diesel plant that works with CI fats versus any other type of facility that produces biomass-based diesel, whether that be any type of a biodiesel facility or whether it be any other type of renewable diesel facility. Those numbers are pretty well in the marketplace out there. I don't have them off the top of my cuff right now, but they're out there and it's breathtaking.
Beyond that, though, when we just get down to competition between us and other renewable diesel producers, when you look at those folks, you've got to look at, do they have the full chain capability? Do they have the right logistics infrastructure? Can they take in rail from multiple railroads? Can they take in truck? Can they take in fat by water, either on the river with barges or ocean-going vessels? How can they get their product out? Are they located well to service multiple LCFS markets? What type of pretreatment capacity do you have, and what's the flexibility in that pretreatment capacity is? As Randy alluded to earlier, all pretreatment units are not built equally.
We've seen a lot of stuff as we've looked around the world at various opportunities at some pretreatment plants that, quite frankly, when we get back into our car, we look at each other and say, "Oh my God." At the end of the day, it's all about the capabilities. We believe we're advantaged versus other renewable diesel guys. We'll see as we move forward.
I think, John, and I mean, try to give Ken a little more granularity there. I mean, RBD is what, trading?
Yeah, it's probably $0.25-$0.30 above crude degummed.
Yeah. $0.25-$0.30 above crude degummed. Simple math at $0.08. I mean, you're $2-$2.40 negative to DGD today. Then you take the CI differential and whether that's if you're running soybean oil or used cooking oil, that can be anywhere from $0.20-$0.50 a gal. The non-animal fat, UCO, choice white grease, whatever you want to call it, low CI, is anywhere from a $2-$2.75 disadvantage to the logistical mecca that John has built and Sandy have built with the Valero team down in Diamond Green Diesel in Norco, L.A. and Port Arthur. That's where we get, and trying not to exude arrogance on it, that's where we have the confidence that in a last man standing competition, there is no competition from that standpoint because of where you're located.
Great. My next question is, Randy, you're gonna have a whole lot of cash. You guys did buy back some stock. Is that a new direction for you? How do you think about cash deployment, going forward? Again, you're going to have a lot of it, so how do you plan on using it?
No, Ken, obviously, during the quarter, whether it was the RVOs that were confusing people. I really don't know what drove the equity or the stock price behavior during the quarter. As Jim and Brad and I looked at each other, we said, "Oh my gosh, we're on a $1.275 billion, if not higher, run rate." This supports $75-$80 a share today. You're 45 days out from a $1.6 billion-$1.7 billion run rate. Opportunistically, the board had authorized, I think, up to a couple hundred dollars. We just stepped in over the course of time there. I don't know that there was anything magical about $75 million or $76 million. Brad and I looked and said, "Okay, that's enough." Clearly, we will continue as it makes sense as we go forward there.
Clearly, the long-term cap structure will be determined on how quick we start to repatriate cash out of Diamond Green Diesel. Clearly, as we've said, be patient with us. Clearly, we're bringing Diamond Green Diesel 2 online here in early October. That will be a new run rate. Clearly, as Valero, and we've said in our call here, we've accelerated number three to the degree we can with labor materials and all the items into the first half of 2023. That means there's a little stronger spend in 2022 to get you there in early 2023. After that, they're giant numbers. Clearly in 2023, you start to look at dividends that are extremely significant to the meaning of the company, and will require action by the board.
While I can't speak for where the board's appetite is today for buybacks, dividends, and then ultimately, we're hoping that there's options to continue to grow, whether it's sustainable aviation fuel, as Sandy alluded to, but we need some mandates and legislation there. Whether it's supply chain opportunities around the world that makes sense to bolt on. We'll do that smart and not overpay if we have to, but we'll also believe that feedstock management and origination also gives that competitive advantage in Diamond Green Diesel that we refer to. Pretty easy analysis right now. Hang with us and for the balance of the year, watch DGD II start up, watch the cash come on board, watch the new run rate, and then it'll be a fun discussion.
I'm going to sneak one more in. I know we're only allowed two questions, but I'm going to ask another one. Collagen, you didn't talk much about that. I know you moved the food to $200. It may not be as sexy as all the other businesses, but can you just give us an update? This seems to just be a nice cash generator with a little bit of growth.
Yeah. Actually, internally, we're extremely excited about collagen peptides. The growth trajectory on them is maybe got a double-digit attached to them now, at least a high single-digit in both food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic application. Our challenge in that business is has been able to get the capacity online, and get the product to people around the markets that are wanting to buy it. We're finally getting that acceleration. We've been challenged in South America with the hide availability due to the reduced slaughter due to COVID challenges within the slaughterhouses. By all means, we're on target where we thought we would be. We're expanding again in that business. We see a great business there, that from a margin perspective, it really will attract capital. It really is a great business. You'll see it.
Clearly, I watched that food segment for four to five years in that 130 to 140 range, to see it go up 40%-50% is really exciting. I think we've only touched the tip of the iceberg on the applications that collagen peptides have. You look to in our pipeline here, our biomedical applications. We're only beginning to talk about those today and what we can do in that area in our X-Pure product. As Peptan matures, if you will, in three to five years, here comes the next round of biomedical applications. We're really excited about that business and where it fits with Darling. Hang on there, the food segment, we'll play catch up here and stay tuned.
Thank you very much.
The next question comes from Sam Margolin of Wolfe Research. Please go ahead.
Hey, everyone. Thanks a lot.
Hey, Sam.
I have a theory I want to run by you, and I'll couch it by saying I stole it from someone, so if you don't like it's not my fault. It's about the effect of the renewable diesel startup. If we assume for a minute that everybody's going to be able to start up without any friction, and the outcome of that is that the whole soybean oil/waste oil/rendered fat complex is gonna start to trade off of CI score.
That rendered fats might actually trade at a premium to soybean oil, and obviously that has huge implications across all your segments. I was just curious, what you think about that, if that's feasible, or if that's an outcome that you might consider within the planning range.
This is John. I think the way to look at that is obviously, when you're talking about renewable fuels, carbon intensity has a value proposition associated with it that it doesn't happen in the traditional feed cycles. We have expected for years that as we increased our renewable fuel space, we would see some type of an impact on the relationship of low-fat waste CIs versus traditional vegetable oils. Indeed, we have seen some of that impact. Although I would caution you that just because you see that impact for a couple of months doesn't necessarily mean that that's going to sustain. There's volatility around that spread relationship. We'll see as we move forward.
We're comfortable that the fuel that we're producing out of Diamond Green Diesel has an excellent margin structure because of our competitive positioning in the marketplace, the capability, location, all the stuff we've talked about time and time again. At the end of the day, if the question is, does the price of the low CI feedstocks ultimately diminish the value of our margin proposition in Diamond? We don't think so. Could it have a positive value in relationship to Darling's business? Absolutely.
I think, Sam, I'd add on to John. Remember the location of St. Charles or Norco and Port Arthur, they were located there because we see the global CI business or the carbon intensity origination business of feedstocks as a global opportunity. If you rewind the movie pre Diamond Green Diesel, we were competing with other calories in animal feed. You either had a small edible business for frying the Bloomin' Onion and some other applications. You had some very limited oleochemical applications for animal fats, and then you competed with the value of other calories to feed animals. That is still true on four other continents today. What John didn't allude to is right now we are kind of a high-priced island and from a standpoint of carbon intensity pull for the different markets we're serving.
I think over time, yes, as we both redirect supply to Diamond Green Diesel, and it's going to come from somebody, no secret, it'll come out of the biodiesel industry as 1st-gen technology moves to 2nd-gen . It'll also come from around the world as it makes sense between currency and freight to move the product in. All of that stuff will then re-normalize the value of CI feedstocks around the world. That's positive for as we have a confidence positive for all of our businesses on the five continents we operate on. Ultimately it's a global origination business, but you got to be in the right place to take advantage of that opportunity.
Can I add one more thing to that, Randy?
Sure.
I think oftentimes, people tend to think of Darling Ingredients' core business and Diamond Green Diesel as being quote, "counter to each other." When one's doing well, the other's not doing well. They're not. They're complementary to each other. I think that's what you've seen with the results so far this year. How that'll work its way quarter by quarter through the process over the next several years, that's gonna change. The fact of the matter is, what we have built is a complementary, vertically integrated business structure where we can increase value and add value from both pieces. That is extremely unique. In fact, it's the only animal like that in the biofuel business in the world.
Thanks. Thanks a lot. That's it for me. Appreciate it.
The last question will come from Ben Kallo of Robert W. Baird. Please go ahead.
Hey, guys. Just on feedstock, where does palm oil rank in terms of, I guess, environmental footprint? You have Neste out there trading at a big multiple, and they use a lot of palm oil, I think. I always thought that was not good. My second question is about Cargill and consolidation, what that means to you. Thank you.
I'll answer the first part of the question about palm oil. Palm oil is not considered as good a fuel as certainly other vegetable fats are, or in particular, low CI feedstocks are around the world. We don't believe you will see any usage of palm oil in the United States or Canada, in relationship to their carbon programs. Europe will allow some of it, particularly around the PFAD side. We're very comfortable with our feedstock. You'll have to talk to others about what feedstock they use. I'm not gonna comment on that. Clearly, we like the fact that we are using what has systematically and universally been described as the greatest carbon reduction feedstocks in the world. That is good for the environment and good for all sorts of environmental and sustainability purposes.
John, can you comment on the PFAD, though, specifically?
PFAD is considered a waste fat under some programs. It won't be in the United States or won't be in Canada, at least we don't believe it will be. In Europe, it's allowed essentially under a waste fat classification, so it's utilized in Europe, and I'll leave it to others to argue whether that's correct or not as a designation for PFAD.
Yeah, that's kind of the answer. Remember, Neste purchases or procures a lot of PFAD into their mix, which is considered a waste oil into at least the markets they're serving today. The second question, Ben, is related to Sanderson Farms. I first have to give a shout-out to Joe Sanderson and Lampkin Butts and Mike Cockrell. They've been great partners for us for a lot of years, and we play a significant role in rendering their product, and we've had a very close relationship with them. We don't anticipate, if the transaction is approved and goes on through, any changes or any risk to our business. We're in the right place for their factories, and we've been doing it for a lot of years, and I just don't see anything changing there in the relationship going forward.
Thank you.
This concludes our question and answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Randall Stuewe for any closing remarks.
Thanks, Andrea. We appreciate everyone's time today and hope you stay safe and healthy. There's a list of upcoming IR events that Jim has us presenting at in the IR deck, and we look forward to getting back out on the road here, seeing everybody and talking to you and making you more confident in our model as we go forward into 2022. With that, thank you again for joining us today, and we'll talk to you again in November.
The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.