Earnings Call: Q2 2015

Jul 23, 2015

Hello, and welcome to McDonald's July 23, 2015 Investor Conference Call. At the request of McDonald's Corporation, this conference is being recorded. Following today's presentation, there will be a question and answer session for investors. I would now like to turn the conference over to Mr. Chris Stent, Vice President of Investor Relations for McDonald's Corporation. Mr. Stent, you may begin. Hello, everyone, and thank you for joining us. With me on the call are President and Chief Executive Officer, Steve Easterbrook and Chief Financial Officer, Kevin Ozan. Today's conference call is being webcast live and recorded for replay by phone, webcast and podcast. Before I turn it over to Steve, I want to remind everyone that the forward looking statements in our earnings release and 8 ks filing also apply to our comments. Both documents are available on www.investor.mcdonalds. Com as are reconciliations of any non GAAP financial measures mentioned on today's call with their corresponding GAAP measures. And now I'd like to turn it over to Steve. Thank you, Chris and good morning everyone. In May, I shared the initial steps we're taking to fundamentally reset the McDonald's business and reassert our leadership. Today, I will share the progress we've made since then. Our turnaround plan represents significant step change for McDonald's and establishes the foundation for our transformation as we work toward becoming a modern progressive burger company. Our number one priority is to return critical markets to sustainable growth by regaining customers' trust and loyalty. These efforts must be led by the markets. Local management and franchisees working together to deliver what people want from McDonald's. Great tasting, quality food at a value, delivered with a better service each and every time they visit. Our Our change the way we think and operate starting first with our structure. We made a fundamental shift in the way our business is organized effective July 1 to eliminate redundancies, maximize talent and create a greater sense of urgency amongst company and operator leadership staff as well as with our suppliers. This restructure arguably represented the biggest organizational change in our history. Yet from inception to execution, we completed it in just 2 months. It requires significant and a deeper understanding of and a deeper understanding of what legacy thinking and actions to challenge and how. For example, market teams in Australia and Hong Kong have recognized and acted upon the need to offer greater choice and personalization with our Hallmark product, burgers. They're aggressively deploying elements of experience of the future and seeing encouraging results. And in Germany, our brand relaunch highlighting new taste and a better overall restaurant experience is giving customers reasons to think differently about McDonald's. We've also recruited fresh outside perspectives We've also recruited fresh outside perspectives as part of this restructure. Our new Chief Communications Officer, Robert Gibbs and Chief Marketing Officer, Sylvia Lamiano, are highly respected leaders who will bring a world of experience and outside perspective. The next several months were about taking further action and reasserting our leadership. We must operate better restaurants. That's why we're recommitting to operations excellence, which frankly has been lacking in some markets. Simply speaking, we need to be better at serving hot, fresh food, providing fast and friendly service in a contemporary restaurant at the value of McDonald's. Today, I'll highlight the steps we're taking and the progress we've made. While financial results remain disappointing in the Q2, we are seeing early signs momentum. Looking ahead to the 3rd quarter, we expect positive global comparable sales led by growth in our newly created international lead market segment and China's continuing recovery in the 2014 APMEA supplier issue. Before we turn to the U. S, let me briefly highlight the progress we're making in some of our most significant markets around the world. I'm energized about the actions our markets are taking and the impact they have As we translate our progress into the context of our new organizational structure, I can say with confidence that the international lead market segment, which represents approximately 40% of our business is moving in the right direction. Australia, Canada and the U. K. Continue to deliver strong performance. Germany is starting to turn and France is gaining share despite the challenging headwinds. This segment will be a strong of positive comparable sales and guest counts. The business has turned in Australia and the market is focused on sustaining positive performance. The combined solutions deployed last year such as relaunching everyday value with the loose change menu and offering customers barista crafted cafe beverages and the drive thru established the foundation and Australia has successfully layered on incremental initiatives to sustain that growth. Value Breakfast was introduced earlier this year and we began national advertising for Create Your Taste customized burgers as part of our efforts to develop the customer experience of the future. K. Also continues to grow with 37 consecutive quarters of positive comparable sales performance. Multiple initiatives contributed to growth and market share gains across all day pass. For example, we gave customers more reasons to visit our restaurants by featuring premium products such as the Chicken Legend and Big Tasty and through effective marketing and promotional efforts including Monopoly. Strong growth in breakfast was fueled by the market's first ever promotional breakfast item, the sausage and bacon sandwich. And the team is improving the service experience by aggressively deploying experience of the future. 150 restaurants been converted so far and plans are in place to double that number by the end of 2015. Let's now shift to Canada, where positive comparable sales performance continues. The team is driving growth by focusing on convenience, including the ongoing rollout of dual lane drive throughs, which improve the speed of service for customers, particularly during our busiest times. The market is also benefiting from strong breakfast growth, building upon a successful free coffee offer earlier this year, along with additional enhancements of the core menu, including new salads. We're also seeing signs of progress in Germany. This was the market's 1st quarter of positive comparable sales since Q2 2012. Customers are responding to the steps we've taken to improve the taste and variety of core and premium products, such as the new premium bacon clubhouse range and the Will's Kucha promotion that feature locally sourced and seasonal ingredients. And I'm excited to announce today about the announcement today of our developmental licensee agreements with Autobarm, Tank and Rust. This agreement gives us the opportunity to develop more than 100 new sites in fuel and service stations across the lucrative motorway service station network in Germany, with no capital investment required by McDonald's. The first new restaurants we expected to open this year, with the majority opening between 2016 2019. Moving to China, one of our high growth markets recovering continues from last year's supplier issue. Comparable sales remained negative for the 2nd quarter at minus 3%. However, the top 5 cities, which represent about 50% of sales, are leading the recovery effort with flat comparable sales for the quarter. Lower tier cities are not recovering as quickly, driven primarily by weaker macroeconomic conditions in those China is strengthening everyday value with a specific focus on the mid tier price points, continuing to enhance convenience for our customers through delivery and kiosks and elevating the quality perceptions of our burgers by piloting customization through Experience of the Future. We're on track to return to a normalized level of performance in China for the second half of the year. In fact, prior to the anniversary of last year's apnea supplier issue, the market has already returned to positive comparable sales performance in the 1st part of this month. Let's now transition to the U. S, which represents over 40% of our business. Results here have been disappointing. We're committed to changing the trajectory of the business and arresting the nearly 3 years of decline. We're working to put more discipline back into the business, adapt more quickly to changing trends, offer more compelling value across the menu, and bring a new energy and tenacity to simply running better restaurants. The localized structure implemented earlier this year was an important first step. It's designed to liberate market teams to be more responsive to local consumers and we see pockets of success. The Northwest region, for example, was the country's top performing region in 2014 and continues to generate positive results year to date June. A strong restaurant operations culture, coupled with aggressive promotions like any size soft drink or coffee for a dollar is generating incremental traffic. The Heartland region, which includes Kansas City, is also delivering comparable sales and guest count performance above U. S. Averages. There, a heavy breakfast focus, coupled with a modernized restaurant base has fueled momentum. And Boston, which is coming back from the worst winter in its history, has deployed a combination of regional products like the lobster roll, a $2.99 Happy Meal to attract families and beverage value to drive sales and guest counts. The U. S. Is focused on creating a better experience for customers by concentrating on value, service and menu. These are not headline grabbing moves, but they begin to return to running better restaurants. So first, getting back to winning on value. Having aligned with our franchisees on the need for a national price pointed value platform, we're now making adjustments to our current offer for the rest of the summer. This includes better marketing support and stronger coordination with local messages. We're also evaluating options for longer term national value platform. Next, we're enhancing the customer service experience. This starts with the basics. We've reduced the number of menu items in restaurants to make it easier for teams to deliver better service. We're improving the speed of our drive thrus with simplified menu boards to cut the number of items displayed by about a third, yet still highlight the items that deliver 80% or more of drive thru sales. We're addressing order accuracy with new operational procedures and training programs already in almost half of our restaurants. And we're increasing the number of dual lane drive crews to deliver faster service to our customers during the busiest time of the day. And we'll be launching our mobile app in the U. S. In the Q3. This is part of our global digital strategy that over time is designed to streamline and improve the entire customer service experience. The initial version of the app will make it easy for consumers to receive value when they choose McDonald's through features like tailored offers are easy to redeem and rewards for regular purchases of their favorite McCafe beverages. And at the same time, the team is already hard at work developing additional features to hasten the shift from mass communication to personal one to one engagement with customers in the future. And finally menu. This starts with our core products that define our brands. We've implemented new cooking methods in our restaurant, toasting our hummus longer, changing how we sear and grill our beef to deliver hotter, juicier sandwiches. And we're looking to further improve performance during our most successful dayparts. For example, our all day breakfast trials have gone well, so we've expanded tests to better gauge customer response. I believe we're making the right moves to begin to stabilize the U. S. Business. But there is no silver bullet. No one move will turn a business that's been in decline for nearly 3 years. And while recovery will bumpy, I'm confident we're moving in the right direction. While our primary focus is on actions that will drive operating growth, we have also taken steps to unlock financial value. On May 4, we identified key areas of focus to unlock that financial value. In just 2 months, we've made good progress toward all our targets, including G and A, refranchising and cash return. Kevin will provide more details specific to those in a moment. In closing, I remain confident in the power of our brand and our network of franchisees, employees and suppliers to capitalize on the growth opportunities for us. It's not enough to say that we want to be a modern Progressive Burger Company. Consumers need to see us that way. Shifting deep seated perceptions, to the longer term proposition. It requires us to move past legacy barriers and embrace behaviors of a true global leader. We have significant progress in a short amount of time. And I'm confident the changes we are making are the right ones and will position us to grow the business profitably for our system and our shareholders for the long term. Thank you. And I'll now turn over to Kevin. Thanks, Steve, and hello, everyone. I'd like to begin by discussing the factors that impacted our 2nd quarter performance. Then I'll review some key components of our full year outlook and provide an update on the financial elements of our turnaround plan. Let's begin by reviewing the major drivers of our 2nd quarter results. Our overall financial performance continues to be largely reflective of our top line results. For the Q2, comparable sales were down 0.7%, reflecting negative guest traffic across all of our geographic segments, with the largest impact coming from the U. S. And Japan. For perspective, operating income for the quarter totaled $1,800,000,000 down $127,000,000 or 6% in constant currencies. The U. S. And Japan accounted for over 80% of the quarter's overall operating income decline. With more than 80% of our global restaurants franchised, the largest driver of operating income continues to be our franchise margins, which totaled $1,800,000,000 a 2% increase in constant currencies. The growth in franchise margins was driven primarily by restaurant expansion in Europe and strong comparable sales in Australia. Global company operated margin dollars declined 8% in constant currencies to $665,000,000 for the quarter, reflecting weakness across our major geographic segments. The U. S, Russia and China accounted for substantially all of the margin decline for the quarter. 2nd quarter cost pressures were relatively consistent with our expectations. In the U. S, labor costs increased primarily due to planned minimum wage increases in several states and commodity costs rose approximately 1%, primarily due to higher beef prices. Effective July 1, U. S. Company operated margins will also reflect our decisions to raise wages and provide paid time off for employees at our company operated restaurants, along with providing educational assistance for all restaurant employees. We expect the total impact from these incremental labor costs to be approximately 200 basis points on U. S. Company operated margins for the full year, further pressuring margins for the second half of 2015. To help offset cost pressures throughout our P and L and remain in line with food inflation, we took a price increase at the end of May. Our U. S. 2nd quarter pricing year over year was up over 2%, which remains below food away from home inflation of around 3%. The current projected increase in food away from home inflation for the full year remains at 2% to 3%. Excluding currency, Europe's commodity costs were up about 2% in the second quarter. Our price increases in Europe vary by market, with the overall segment excluding Russia, averaging about 1.5 year over year. For the quarter, we also reported nearly $50,000,000 of other operating expense, primarily due to $45,000,000 of severance charges in connection with the restructuring of our global operations. About half of these charges were incurred within our corporate functions and the other half in Europe and APMEA as we move to a flatter, more nimble organizational structure. Moving down the P and L, it's worth noting our 2nd quarter effective tax rate of 29.8 percent, which was helped by lower tax costs associated with the company's ongoing foreign cash repatriation. We continue to expect the full year tax rate to be at the high end of our existing 31% to 33% range. Earnings per share for the quarter was $1.26 which included a significant negative impact of 0 point Looking beyond the Q2, currency translation is expected to be a headwind throughout 2015, as the U. S. Dollar remains strong against nearly all of the world's other major currencies. At these levels, we now expect foreign currency translation to negatively impact our results by $0.14 to $0.16 in the 3rd quarter and about $0.45 for the full year. As usual, take this as directional guidance only because rates will change as we move throughout the year. Let me switch gears now for an update on the financial elements of our turnaround plan. In May, we announced our intent to accelerate our cash return to shareholders in 2015. During Q2, we returned $2,500,000,000 through dividends and share repurchases. This brings our total cash return to shareholders through June to $3,900,000,000 and we remain on track to meet our target of $8,000,000,000 to $9,000,000,000 for the full year. During the quarter, we took advantage of favorable interest rates and increased overall debt by issuing $4,300,000,000 of U. S. Dollar and euro denominated medium term notes, with an average tenure of over 10 years and an average interest rate of just over 2%. Our overall philosophy on use of cash has not changed. Our first priority is to reinvest in our business to drive future growth. After that, we expect to return all of our free cash flow over the long term to investors through a combination of dividends and share repurchases. As we execute the initial steps of our turnaround plan, we're actively evaluating our capital allocation decisions, including our dividend as part of our broader strategic planning process. As a result, we're targeting our annual dividend announcement in November this year, a slight change in timing from our typical September update. One of the key areas of focus for the turnaround is better leveraging our business model, including the benefits of franchising. In conjunction with our goal to refranchise about 3,500 restaurants by the end of 2018 and increase the global franchise percentage to about 90%, we are already moving forward in several markets, including Taiwan, where we recently announced our intent to pursue a developmental licensee structure. Taiwan is a well established market with more than 400 restaurants, the vast majority of which While we are in the early stages of the process, the conversion of this market to a developmental license will mark a meaningful step towards our overall refranchising goal. The structural changes to our organization and our ownership mix not only better position us future growth, they will also deliver savings to our bottom line. Earlier this month, we made important changes in our corporate and segment support teams, which included the elimination of some international and home office positions. While these types of changes are never easy, they were right for the business and will result in a leaner, more agile organization that can better respond to market conditions and most importantly our customers. The rapid execution of these resourcing decisions is an example of our sense of urgency to reset our business and change the trajectory of our financial performance. When we shared the initial details of our turnaround plan in May, we established a target to achieve $300,000,000 of net annual G and A savings. We expect to achieve about half of those overall savings by the end of next year, with the remainder realized by the end of 2017. Our planned refranchising activity is contributing towards these G and A savings due to the less resource intensive support structure inherent in a more heavily franchised model. Importantly, we are not stopping there. We're moving to the next phase of our analysis relative to each of the financial areas of opportunity, including ownership strategies, asset optimization and overall spending. We plan to provide an update on all of these areas at the November Investor Meeting. The July 1 reorganization of our business into the new segment structure is an important first step in our global turnaround. In conjunction with these changes, we will be providing recast financial information that reflects results under this new structure. We expect to furnish our recast summary financial information toward the end of Q3 for the years 2010 through 2014. Quarterly details will be provided for 2014 year to date June 2015. In closing, let me reiterate that we are fundamentally shifting the way we operate and approach our business to get back in step with consumers. McDonald's success has always been fueled by outstanding operations, compelling marketing and great tasting food. We operate under a unique business model that benefits from a highly collaborative relationship among the company, independent franchisees and third party suppliers, all who take pride in their businesses. We need all of these elements working together to provide a world class experience that makes our customers feel welcome and valued. Our turnaround plan is designed to fortify these fundamental cornerstones of our business. And our operational growth led turnaround will also be supported by a comprehensive approach to financial management that's focused on driving value for our system and our shareholders today and into the future. Thanks. And now I'll turn it over to Chris to begin our Q and A. Thanks, Kevin. We will now open the call for analysts and investor questions. We'll come back to you for follow-up questions as time allows. The first question is from Brian Bittner of Oppenheimer. Thank you very much. Good morning. Question here Steve, you talked about the early signs of momentum now with the Q2 results behind you. You pointed to the fact that you expect positive comparable sales on a global basis in the Q3. How much of this improvement you're seeing is really the comparison ease in Asia and the better trends in Europe versus any core improvements that you're now seeing since the Q2 in the U. S. Sales trend if any? And I do have a follow-up on that if you don't mind. Sure. So first of all one important context to put within my comments about it being a positive global comparable sales quarter. Even without the impact and the bounce back from the supply issue in APMEA, we would be purchasing a positive quarter. So there is strength in the underlying like for like sales growth independent of that. Now that bounce back further supports it. We are seeing it more across the international lead markets, which isn't just Europe. We're seeing that collective group of France, Germany, U. K, Canada and Australia are gathering momentum as a collective group, which is great. The U. S, what we're working hard to do is minimize currently the U. S. Is a little bit of a drag. We're looking just to narrow that gap and return that business to growth. But we're not putting in anything significant for growth at all in the Q3, but we're working hard towards getting it by end of the year. Okay. And am I still with you? Yes. Just to follow-up on that. Obviously, value service and menu are the headline drivers for the U. S. Going forward and obviously a lot of moving pieces underneath that hood. But I just want to ask on the value piece. What is you talked about a longer term national value platform that you're thinking about. What are you thinking about in terms of that? Any color you can put on that? And maybe when we could really see it be implemented? Yes. That's right. And as you know, the owner operators and the management team came together and recognized the need for a national value offer across this summer. So I think that's further emphasized and cemented all their minds that the idea of national value going forward is a positive thing. The 250 deal is not the answer, but it's certainly been helpful in this immediate term. And therefore, the owner operator group have already had tasked themselves actually with coming up with something they feel would be strong right across the country to benefit everyone's business whether it's in the Northeast or the Southwest. And we'll share more news when it comes, but it won't be in the immediate term, but it will fill an important role for us certainly as we look through 20 16. Next question is from Karen Short of Deutsche Bank. Hi. I guess just following on that question. I mean, obviously, we know you rolled out the 2.50 Value Meal in mid June and obviously the simplified drive thru menu was fully implemented by early July. So I guess I am wondering they obviously wouldn't have had any impact on the Q2 results, but any color you can give on how both of them are benefiting July? Or maybe just talk a little bit about the success or what your thoughts are? Yes. Well, certainly both those decisions that have been taken have helped our business. It took us a little bit of time to execute the 250 as well as we wanted because having rolled that out, it began to conflict a little bit with a lot of energy in the regions because the regions were taking it upon themselves to drive value on a local level. So we spent a little bit of time the 1st 2 or 3 weeks just tidying that up, getting our execution better in the restaurants and our marketing execution support for it. And we expect to see a greater contribution through the rest of the summer. For the drive thru menu boards unequivocally positive from a consumer perspective and also from a for the restaurant for the teams to deliver better service. So again, neither of them are going to be seismic changes to the trajectory of our business. They're both positive moves and we're working hard on executing them both and they will certainly both contribute to rebuilding some momentum through quarter 3. Next question is from Andrew Charles of Cowen and Company. Great. Thank you. The Australia turnaround is a few steps ahead of the U. S. With a similar playbook between the two markets. Can you help us size up the difference between the two starting points? Was the sales weakness in Australia as prolonged and as extreme as the U. S. Currently is? And then I have a follow-up on that as well. I would say, say by and large, it wasn't far off, yes. What we've seen in turnarounds in all of our markets, whenever we face a turnaround situation, we've slightly taken our eye off the ball. The competition have moved a little quicker than we have. We've lost the value foothold that's so important to our business. And we haven't created compelling energetic plans with our operators in a way that we like to do when we're going full throttle. So the similarities heading into the turnaround were somewhat similar. What I would call out Australia for and incredible credit to the team and the owner operators there is the pace with which they've moved once they galvanize themselves together around big initiatives. They've gone for a small number of big moves and they've gone quickly and they've gone together. And that's created visible change in the restaurants, visible benefits for consumers and the traction is very, very encouraging. And by the way, with the new structure we have, with effectively 6 global major markets, our ability to transfer that knowledge from market to market is that much quicker. So I know Mike Andres and the team and the owner operators in the U. S. Are very familiar with the U. S. Sorry, with the Australia story, with the U. K. Turnaround story, with what the German team have been doing. And they will still shamelessly and attach it to local market. Next question is from Joe Buckley, Bank of America Merrill Lynch. Thank you. I have two questions in different directions. First Steve or Kevin, as reviewing the next phase of the financial moves that you've made and plan to update us at the November meeting, does the real estate factor into that? Is that part of that analysis and part of what you might address one way or the other in November? Yes, Joe, it's Kevin. We're looking at everything. I'd say kind of the three components I talked about the ownership strategies, asset optimization and cost structures. We're kind of going through deeper analyses of each of those. And so you should expect to hear an update on all those components in November. Next question is from Keith Signer of UBS. Thanks. Steve, you talked about again value service and menu. And when you were talking about menu, you mentioned all day breakfast and the tests that are continuing there. But when we look across the landscape of QSRs, there's a lot of new product news, really buzzy interesting stuff, not always operationally complex, but just good new product news. And that really wasn't part of the conversation today when you were going through the menu piece. How do we think about new product innovation at the regionalized level? Can you give us an update on that please? Thanks. Yes. No, it's a really good question, Keith. I think the only thing I'm most excited about with regards to the if you like, the new menu news is the fact that the energy is going into revitalizing our core menu. And that should not be lost. I mean, when we sit here and assess how can you make the biggest difference to the most customers in the shortest space of time, improving our core menu and our delivery of the core menu is clearly the way to go. So I don't want us to lose sight of the fact that toasting of buns, better searing of beef, taking care of the dressings and the packaging and the rest of it. That gets noticed by customers. With regards to if you like new product development, I would say at a national level, we'll be looking at if you like quality over quantity. It's not about having lots of national LTOs because that does complicate the business. It gets confusing to message rights. So we would be looking at fewer higher impact items going out and our team with Chetan and his team are working hard on that. And then you will also see the localized options. I called out lobster roll in Boston for example. That could be much more nimble, shorter term, relevant to the local consumer demographic and taste and flavors. So I think you'll see the 2 levels. There will be not a frenzied activity. It will be a calm, measured and higher impact with fewer items national and then locally there'll be some energy on a local basis. But don't miss out, honestly don't miss out the benefit of continually improving our core menu as well. Next question is from David Palmer of RBC. Thanks. I was just wondering if you could dig into reasons, examples why you're excited about international lead markets accelerating into the second half. Are there specific examples of countries that are picking up momentum or platform innovation that you're excited about? I mean, for instance, I think you're talking about Australia being one of the early ones to pull out creator taste, but more texture the better as far as what you're seeing in these markets? Thanks. Yes. I think it's a great question. As you look at the 5 lead markets, first of all, really strong local management teams and strong alignment with the operators is a consistency fantastic foundation. But there are peculiarities and merits amongst each and every one of them. If we go to France, the advancements they've made with technology, for example, and how they have totally reappraised the customer is fantastic to see. So let me be specific. They now have self order kiosks in all of their restaurants. They're taking upward of 40% of the transactions through the busy hours through the self order kiosks. And the reason that's exciting is probably three reasons, I guess. 1, for the first time we give customers a choice and they just welcome choice. 2, it takes some of the away from the front counter and therefore you divide some of the pressure, some of the load during the busiest times. And 3, from a commercial perspective, we see higher average checks because customers spend little time ordering. They can browse the menu for a little bit longer, feel a little less pressure and they just tend to spend more. So we're getting a lot of learns from that. If you go to Germany, for example, which is earlier stages of a turnaround, the brand has got its mojo back. And when you do that, you start to attract attention for the right reasons. And the new agreement we just reached, development license agreement with Tank and Rust is a fantastic agreement for us. If anyone knows the travel infrastructure, transport infrastructure in Germany, you'll know that Autobarns play a huge role. That's how people typically get from city to city. And therefore, to have roadside presence in up to 100 sites, but effectively for no capital from our perspective, that's what happens when a brand in a market gets its mojo back. You start to attract the sort of partners that you want to be doing business with. Australia are progressing. Actually, they've become our lead market in what we call create your taste. Now all of our markets are building out the broader umbrella, which is called Experience in the Future. Many components to that. There is technology, there's digital menu boards, there's new service procedures, there's self order kiosks and customizable personalization of food. The create your taste route that the Australian team have gone down, they've rolled out market wide in little over 6 or 7 months to a level where they can now lastly advertise it. We're going to learn a lot of how that works. It's an in store solution currently. Can we drive traffic in store? Can we increase dwell time? Can we does the table service that goes along with that matter to customers and our ability and our visibility from market to market on each of these initiatives? I believe that's when McDonald's is at its best when we have test cells actively pushing the boundaries. And when something works, we can then transport it from market to market at pace. And again, I don't want to minimize the a number of things the U. S. Team are working on. I mean, the U. S. Is our lead market for the mobile app. Now we recognize we're a little behind some others whether it's in our sector or in broader retail. But when we put our mind to things we're one of the best execution companies in the world. The U. S. Will start with an app with fairly modest capabilities, but the infrastructure is built that we can add to it and transfer it from market to market at pace. So that is where I guess my energy and my confidence comes from is that kind of collective momentum and you start to spur each other on. Next question is from Matt DiFrisco of Guggenheim. Thank you. Question is a little bit more on a modeling question with respect to and an update on your outlook for refranchising and selling the company owned stores. I was wondering what are the early indications or sidelines that you might have with respect to what type of EBITDA impact it might have as we look out sort of 2 years from now? How much EBITDA are you basically taking off of your books? Or is it pretty much a good substitute where we'd suspect the stores you're selling could garner a similar rent and royalty structure than the existing 82% of your worldwide base of franchisees? Yes. Hey, Matt. Let me talk real quickly about the refranchising. As you know, there's a lot of kind of different things that go into that. So the strategy and timing will probably vary across our different segments and even within markets. Some markets will be completely franchised or converted to a developmental license, while others will just have more conventional franchising. So it's difficult to estimate exact timing or exact financial implications of each of those. As you can imagine, these are long term decisions that we're making generally for at least 20 years or so with the right licensees and operators. So it's important we get this right. And we'll save G and A and capital as we do this. We'll certainly get a little bit more stable revenue stream. On an EBITDA basis, it'd be difficult to generalize on what that means total for the company, because it's going to be pretty lumpy over the next couple of years as we have specific transactions getting there. Next question is from David Tarantino of Robert W. Baird. Hi, good morning. Steve, I have a question about the U. S. Business and the overall strategy there. I think one of the key pillars of your turnaround strategy was to get more focused and reduce some of the complexity and improve business at the core. And I think you even referenced that earlier in the call here. But the same time, we're seeing messages about all day breakfast and things that sound fairly complex. So could you help reconcile that with the overall strategy? It seems like there's complexity being added in some places when you're thinking about reducing complexity in others. No. It's a perfect question David. I'd love to address that. So as we explore different initiatives to drive the business, clearly all day practice is one of those. So initially, the owner operator group, they took a fairly pioneering approach down in San Diego. And actually, I was fortunate. I went down to visit them just 2 or 3 weeks ago and spent time with the operators in their restaurants understanding what it really meant. So we're trying to prove out and are proving out the consumer business case, consumer demand for all day breakfast. But to simplification and add. So in the meantime, what we're working on is other multiple ways to reduce complexity and streamline the job for our restaurant managers, enable them to be able to accommodate this. So what we want to do and people say, well, why can't you move fast with all day breakfast, for example? There are a number of moving parts to this. So what we're going to need to do is, A, prove out that the consumer facing business case, but also come up with parallel tracking work such that the net impact is net simplification. Adding one thing and taking one thing off is not that the that the net impact on the restaurant is one of simplification. So let me give you some ideas around that and what that really means. Some of that is around simplifying the menu. Go deeper into some of the rationalization taking some items off. There's way other ways of doing it than just the menu. Operational procedures, we've got a team with operators and some of our experts in our national operations team here in the U. S. Looking at other procedures that we can simplify in the restaurant, whether it's the way we assemble menu items where we book, whether it's the way we have the packaging laid out, whether it's the way we use technology to be able to get orders to the back of the kitchen, just to take out steps and workloads. But we also have ideas just around the entire process of how do we reduce the amount of noise, well intended noise that goes into a restaurant that managers have to deal with on service and facing the customer. So when you put all those work streams together, if we were to build a compelling business case that we if we were to believe All Day Breakfast is sufficient sales driver that is worth making other complementary changes on simplification. The net net has to be simplification and it will only be up on that basis that we would be moving forward. Next question is from John Glass of Morgan Stanley. Thanks very much. Kevin, I'm just trying to understand this imagine the scenarios you would cause you to reevaluate the dividend policy in some way. Either there'd be maybe a negative scenario under which you'd look at the payout ratio and say it's getting too high and you need to bring that back into line? Or perhaps there's like a positive scenario where you're thinking about the different cash flows that support that dividend and maybe dividing those up among different entities? Can you at least provide us some direction in what way you're thinking about it? Is it a positive event, a negative event or because I think it's so important and critical to the investor base of your stock? Yes, John. As we think about all these financial areas, so the refranchising, the looking at G and A, the ownership structures and kind of our whole strategic planning process that includes capital and how much capital we'll be spending in the future etcetera. All of these things become pretty interconnected as you can imagine. So our thought was we need to have the right view on all of these things together and talk about them in total as kind of the whole picture. Into capital and get it have a better view on all these other financial areas also. And I'd just add to that John as well. We're in a little bit of a pivot point in the moment where we believe we're seeing some early stages of momentum. And if were just to have an extra couple of months of trading under our belt as well that would also just give us another variable to put into that equation as well. So, in front of us, we are paying very acute attention to our trading performance, momentum market by market, particularly those major markets. And again, they all contribute to the underlying assumptions that help us make the right decisions for the business and for the shareholders. Next question is from Karen Holthouse of Goldman Sachs. Hi. Thank you for taking the question. If you look at regions that have seen called earlier signs of momentum and are now the momentum that you're building on whether it's U. K, Australia, when you look at consumer metrics that were leading indicators of that, what were the ones that were most closely tied to then sales accelerating? And where do you see those metrics in the U. S. Today? I would ask and I hope I'm answering your question the right way Karen. What we have done since the structure has been implemented is really identify rather than trying to have generic U. S. Wide consumer metrics is to fuel the regions with that type of information and insight for them to make sharper decisions. So in some areas, there is a stronger economic recovery than others. In others, the competition is different. And so the dynamics and demographics are different. So what we've been doing and the markets where we're seeing the greatest success are those that are using those consumer insights and responding quickest to the niche consumers and what else is happening in the marketplace. And typically, they have taken 1 or 2 bolder moves. They've put themselves out there and they've decided to take a bit of a charge and take some risks and show the way. And we will be transferring some of those loans from region to region over time. I would say probably some of the characteristics of the leading regions at the moment and those who are using, whether it's disposable income metrics, unemployment metrics, value for money metrics, their assessment of our day to day operation and are responding to those and are building plans to address the things that matter most to customers. Next question is from Sara Senatore of Sanford Bernstein. Thank you. I wanted to ask about the labor investments if you will, that you're making in the U. S. I think that's something we have heard from a lot of companies. Certainly, it seems like the competition for labor has stepped up a little in addition to some of the regulatory changes, whether it's $15 minimum wage in some municipalities or over time requirements that go into effect. I guess, first, I wanted to get a sense of whether what you're doing now is meant to preempt some of these actual legal regulations? And also what is the implication for your franchisees, which is a second part of that is broader? How are the franchisees profitability economics and your relationship with them? So if you could just talk about labor costs and the outlook And then also maybe give us an update on franchisee economics and where they stand with respect to some of the initiatives that you're taking on that side? Okay. So I'll talk let me begin and I'll talk about some of the labor challenges and economics and then I'll let Steve just talk about kind of labor or franchisee relations in general. As you talk about, Sarah, there's certainly labor pressures around the world from a wage standpoint. I don't know that we think of it as kind of undue pressure, anything that's going to harm our business. But certainly, labor costs are a pressure right now in several states. As you know, minimum wage has increased. For us, margins essentially are a top line game. So we need to grow sales. Certainly, we need to grow comp sales in order to grow margins. And the specific labor moves that we've taken are what we believe we should be doing as a business to make sure that we attract, recruit and retain the best employees we can for our business. And so we're doing that. As long as in our mind, as long as the playing field is level across industries, we believe we can compete competitively in the long run. And so our hope is that any of the regulations or laws that come through deal with all the industries similarly and then we'll all have to deal with the same concerns. With regards to the franchisees, I mean, understandably they're concerned. I mean, as independent businessmen and women, they are facing cost headwinds anyway, which is just the nature of doing business an inflationary environment. And when there's way above inflation threats on wages then that clearly concerns them. I mean that certainly impacts their confidence and willingness to invest over the long term if there's that sort of degree of uncertainty. That said and done, over our 60 year history, we've had surges in cost before. We tend to go back and realize that what we have to do is it's a top line game. So we face into the reality. We play the hand we've dealt. The franchisees will work with management and it just will force us to drive tougher plans, harder plans, more meaningful plans and drive the top line and get that carried out to help mitigate what are some above inflationary headwinds for us. But there's certainly actions about it, totally understand the way it's an open conversation that we have with them and we just use that concern to try and fuel some energy around growing compelling plants and just turning it into a positive for us. Next question is from Jeff Bernstein of Barclays. Great. Thank you very much. Actually just following on kind of the U. S. Focus, I have I guess a 2 part question. 1, I'm just hoping you could maybe rank order in the U. S, the categories or dayparts or products in terms of what you think is the greatest driver of the recent U. S. Market share loss? It would seem like that's the goal here with doing more of your regional attack versus more national. But I'm wondering if you could prioritize where you're seeing your greatest weakness versus perhaps the most resilient? And then the other part was just could you clarify follow-up to that earlier question in terms of the franchisees? Just wondering whether it seems like we're hearing more about the more challenging relationship. I'm just wondering whether there's any actions being considered to help support the franchisees during the difficult period whatever that might mean or whatever form that might take? Yes, absolutely. Yes. Thanks, Jeff. So in terms of less daypart, if you look at our product mix and where we've seen the loss in the competitive gap open up is we've lost at the value end of our menu. So breakfast remains very resilient. So it's really through the daytime day part where we have seen that gap open up over the last probably 12 to 18 to 24 months really. As we moved away from the dollar menu, we didn't replace it with offers of an equivalent form of value. And customers have voted with feet. And the team have recognized that and that's why we put this some of the value driver in place and are working on a longer term or ongoing platform. In terms of relations, the owner operators are an incredibly resilient group and they're fantastic to work with. We have very open conversations with them. I know Mike Andrews and his leadership team in the U. S. And the owner operator leadership team are spending more time together at the moment than ever, which is what you do, do as you start to rebuild the business plans and drive some growth. One thing that's and I've had the opportunity and the fortune to spend some time with them as well. One thing that I absolutely wanted to make sure is really clear and evident to them is we will be willing to support the owner operators as they and the U. S. Management team build compelling growth plans. Now this isn't about underpinning cost implications. Is that if you were to grow and invest in your businesses, we will do what we've always done, which is we will co invest with them for growth. And that remains as true, if not more true today than ever had done. And as they build those plans out and they finalize a lot of tests that are in place at the moment, I look forward to kind of investing with them. It will a great opportunity for us and it will demonstrate our support to them. And that gives the operator a huge amount of confidence. We're here shoulder to shoulder with them. They're recognizing that. We're building some exciting brands. Next question is from Jason West of Credit Suisse. Yes, thanks. Just I guess following up on that thought Steve. Just can you talk about as you're trying to turn around the U. S. Business and comparing it to some of the successes we're starting to see in other markets, do you feel like the system needs some capital investments in the stores whether it's equipment or menu boards or things like that to really to get this turnaround moving? Or do you think we can do it without significant capital investments? The initiatives we're working on and Mike and the owner operator, Alicia, are working on at the moment are ones where I would say there is relatively modest investment needs. It's not the same as rebuilding restaurants or dramatic refurbishments. I mean there are some of our restaurants that do look tired and independently 1 by 1 the owner of Basel will make that decision for themselves and we'll support them on an individual basis. If we're looking at system wide initiatives, we recognize it's an affordable investment level. It may involve some technology investments, may involve some minor part equipment investments. And those are the sorts of things we'll be co investing with them, because a lot of investments already been made in a restaurant. They have invested well and we believe the growth initiatives in this short to medium term are certainly not going to be of the order initiatives in the past. We have time for one more question from John Ivankoe of JPMorgan. The question is on the U. S. Once again. Just thinking about the drive thru menu redesign where I think a third of the menu items came off, why not go further and really highlight that 20% or whatever it is on the menu that has the most turn to presumably increase throughput? And I asked this in kind of a broader question is do you think the U. S. Is in a position from a brand perspective or a customer perspective where the in store brand experience and the drive thru brand experience can actually be split up? And clearly, I'm asking a leading question regarding the potential success of Create Your Taste in the United States as presumably you're seeing some signs of in Australia? So can we go further on the drive thru menu board in terms of product elimination? I think the answer is yes. And as we are exploring other platforms of growth, new items introduced, think you will see us go a little bit deeper in terms of the menu rationalization. Whether that's just taken off the menu board and the merchandising or actually taken out the off the menu entirety, I think you will see a bit of both actually. So I think there is further to go. I know the team are looking at that as we speak. In terms of the drive thru versus in store, I think the important piece recognizes is less the create your taste element and having that type in store is more where you place technology to offer a better experience for the customer. So if you're going to introduce self order kiosks, clearly that's going to create a very good environment in store. You're not going to have a self order kiosk for drive thru, but you may get to have order ahead. You may be able to use the app and some of the technology that we can introduce to that. But people order ahead, get geolocation, get recognized in the drive thru lane, size their order off to the back of the kitchen before they even have to place the order. So I think technology will be a differentiator to give us different service models, but it will still be a McDonald's. They'll still enjoy the McDonald's experience, but just in different ways. But I think technology is a differentiator rather than a different 2 tier strategy. We're near the top of the hour. So I'll turn it over to Steve who has a few closing comments. Okay. Thank you, Chris, and again, thanks to everyone for joining us this morning.