Good afternoon. Thank you for attending today's Q4 2022 earnings release call for HomeStreet Bank. Joining us on this call is Mark Mason, CEO, President, and Chairman of the Board. I would now like to pass the conference over to our host, Mark Mason. Please go ahead.
Hello, and thank you for joining us for our 2022 Q4 earnings call. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that our detailed earnings release and an accompanying investor presentation were filed with the SEC on Form 8-K on Friday and are available on our website at ir.homestreet.com under the News & Events link. A recording and a transcript of this call will be available at the same address following our call. Please note that during our call today, we will make certain predictive statements that reflect our current views and expectations about the company's performance and financial results. These are likely forward-looking statements that are made subject to the safe harbor statements included in Friday's earnings release, our investor deck, and the risk factors disclosed in our other public filings.
Additionally, reconciliations to non-GAAP measures referred to on our call today can be found in our earnings release and investor deck available on our website. Joining me today is our Chief Financial Officer, John Michel. John will briefly discuss our financial results. I'd like to give you an update on our results of operations and our outlook going forward. John?
Thank you, Mark. Good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining us. In the Q4 of 2022, our net income was $8.5 million or $0.45 per share as compared to net income of $20.4 million or $1.08 per share in the Q3 of 2022. For the full year of 2022, our net income was $67 million or $3.49 per share. In the Q4 of 2022, our annualized return on average tangible equity was 6.4%, our annualized return on average assets was 36 basis points, and our efficiency ratio was 76.2%. These results reflect the adverse impact of the significant increase in short-term interest rates on our business.
For the full year of 2022, our return on average tangible equity was 11.5%, our return on average assets was 79 basis points, and our efficiency ratio was 72.4%. Our net interest income in the Q4 of 2022 was $7.3 million lower than the Q3 of 2022 due to a decrease in our net interest margin from 3% to 2.53%. The decrease in our net interest margin was due to a 90 basis point increase in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities, which was partially offset by a 29 basis point increase in the yield on interest-earning assets. Yields on interest-earning assets increased as yields on adjustable-rate loans were higher due to increases in the index on which their pricing is based.
The increase in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities was due to higher deposit costs, higher borrowing costs, and an increase in the proportion of higher cost borrowings used as sources of or our funding. Our cost of borrowings increased 150 basis points during the Q4, while the cost of deposits increased 58 basis points. Our average of borrowings increased by $187 million. Our effective tax rate for the Q4 and full year for 2022 was 23.7% and 21.4%, respectively. In 2023, our expected tax rate is expected to be approximately 23%. A $3.8 million provision for credit losses was recorded during the Q4 of 2022 compared to no provision in the Q3 of 2022.
The provision recorded in the Q4 was primarily due to the growth in our loan portfolio and a $2.2 million increase in the collateral qualitative factor in our allowance for credit losses. This increase in the qualitative collateral risk is related to projection declines in future home prices. Going forward, we expect the ratio of our allowance for credit losses to our loans held for our investment portfolio to remain relatively stable and provisioning in future periods to generally reflect changes in the balance of our loans held for investment, assuming our history of minimal charge-offs continues. Our ratio of non-performing assets to total assets remain low at 13 basis points, declining from 15 basis points last quarter.
The decrease in non-interest income in the Q4 of 2022, as compared to the Q3 of 2022, was primarily due to a decrease in other income due to a $4.3 million gain on sale of five Eastern Washington branches recorded in the Q3. The $0.5 million increase in non-interest expense in the Q4 of 2022, as compared to the Q3 of 2022, was primarily due to higher information services costs related to the maintenance and replacement of our ATMs, higher FDIC fees resulting from our larger deposit base, which were offset by lower medical benefit costs and lower commission and bonus expenses.
Consistent with prior years, we expect seasonal increases in compensation and benefit costs to occur in the Q1 of 2023 related to wage increases and seasonal increases in benefit costs. I will now turn the call over to Mark.
Thank you, John. I'd like to start my remarks today by acknowledging the challenges presented by the significant increase in short-term interest rates this year. We, along with certain other peers with similar lending, deposit, and funding structures, have been more adversely impacted than other banks during this period. Nearly all banks, however, have seen deposit outflows and rising rates on interest-bearing deposits. Our interest-sensitive deposits declined as customers moved funds to higher yielding products, both at our bank and at other banks and brokerage firms. Attractive rates on treasury securities and non-bank money market funds have also created meaningful competition. We've also experienced the cyclical downturn in commercial real estate and single-family mortgage loan volume, which fell to historically low levels in the Q4.
We have made significant improvements over the last several years in reducing the sensitivity of our company to cyclical interest rate cycles through downsizing our mortgage banking business and growing our non-interest bearing and other core deposits. Despite those changes, our revenues have been meaningfully impacted by the historically significant increase in interest rates by the Federal Reserve. We expect the current pressure on our revenues, both on net interest income and non-interest income, will be greatest during the Q1 of this year and then begin to ease as more of our mitigation actions fully take hold. These expectations assume, among other things, that, one short-term interest rates begin to stabilize in early 2023 in line with current market expectations. Two, we continue to have success in growing deposits with promotional CDs and other products.
Three, we complete our Southern California branch acquisition as anticipated this quarter. During the last six months, we have taken a number of steps to reduce the pressure on our funding base, including significantly reducing our level of loan originations, introducing promotional price deposit products, which allow us to attract and retain deposits without repricing our existing interest-bearing deposit base, and entering into $1 billion of fixed rate Federal Home Loan Bank advances in the Q4. We extended the maturities of this $1 billion of FHLB advances to hedge the still unknown risk associated with increasing interest rates and an unknown terminal federal funds rate. These pressures on our funding base have resulted in reductions in our net interest margin, which are expected to continue to trough in the Q1 of 2023.
We expect this to be the low point in our net interest margin, assuming short-term interest rates stabilize in the Q1 and we complete our acquisition of three California branches, among other things. In addition to the above, we have taken steps to reduce staffing levels in line with our reduced loan production activity and reduce controllable expenses to the extent possible without damaging our business. In this regard, full-time equivalent employees ended the year at 913, down from 970 at the beginning of the year. Despite the above challenges, we believe we are positioned to resume growing our balance sheet and increasing our earnings once short-term rates stabilize and uncertainty is removed from the interest rate markets. In the Q4, we recorded a $3.8 million addition to our allowance for credit losses.
As John mentioned, this addition primarily relates to portfolio growth and additions to a qualitative component of our ACL. Charge-offs in the quarter were only $300,000 approximately, and non-performing assets fell, as John mentioned, to 0.13% of total assets. Credit quality remains strong and we currently do not see any meaningful credit challenges on the horizon. Our portfolio is well-diversified, with our highest concentration in Western States multifamily loans, one of the lowest risk loan types historically. Our delinquencies, non-performing assets, and classified assets remain at historically low levels. Our portfolio is conservatively underwritten with a very low expected loss potential. I remain very confident of HomeStreet's credit quality. During the Q4, we grew our loan portfolio by $209 million. Year to date, our loan portfolio has grown by $1.9 billion.
This growth was accelerated by a historically low level of loan prepayments, particularly in our multifamily portfolio, the largest part of our portfolio today. Today, we are limiting loan portfolio growth. We are also experiencing diminished demand for loans, mostly due to uncertainty regarding the economy and the overall higher level of interest rates. Accordingly, we are anticipating only a modest increase in our overall loan portfolio in 2023. As I've discussed, due to core deposit outflow, we funded our loan growth last year initially with wholesale funding, both FHLB advances and broker deposits. We have been replacing our wholesale funding with lower cost promotional deposit products, primarily certificates of deposit. As of 12/31/2022, we had raised $1.4 billion in our promotional deposit products.
We are fortunate to have a valuable retail deposit franchise with customers who will invest in certificates of deposit and money market deposit accounts at rates well below brokerage and money market funds, treasuries, and wholesale borrowing rates. Based on our experience, we expect many of these new promotional deposit customers will convert to full relationship core deposit customers over time. In addition to our ongoing organic deposit gathering, we are acquiring 3 retail deposit branches from Union Bank, U.S. Bank in Southern California that currently include approximately $450 million of deposits and $22 million in loans. 83% of the deposits are consumers, and 39% of the deposits are non-interest bearing. The weighted average rate today for the interest-bearing deposits is approximately 16 basis points. We are excited about this opportunity to expand our footprint in the Southern California market.
We anticipate the closing to occur this quarter, as we've stated. The single-family mortgage industry remains in the midst of the most difficult stage of the mortgage banking cycle. While we and industry forecasts expect the 2023 loan volume to be well below 2022, we do expect loan volume to recover somewhat from the extremely low levels of the second half of last year. While it's too early in the year to have much confidence in this year's forecast, we do know from history that the mortgage market does not stay at low origination volumes very long. This is due in part to annual population growth, in part to the normalization of housing prices in relation to financing costs, and in part to the ongoing low levels of new and resale homes for sale in relation to demand.
We also continue to benefit from the origination of home equity lines of credit for our loan portfolio, which today carry interest rates of between 7% and 9%. At December 31, 2022, our accumulated other comprehensive income balance, which is a component of our shareholders' equity, was a negative $100 million. The change year to date represents a sizable $6.44 reduction to our tangible book value per share. As I'm sure all of you know by now, while this negative AOCI balance does impact the level of our tangible capital, it is not a permanent impairment in the value of our equity and has no impact on our regulatory capital levels.
We have reduced the impact of current and future additions to negative AOCI by taking opportunities to sell certain longer duration securities and buy other shorter duration securities, increasing returns and reducing duration. Today, we buy shorter duration, lower risk-weighted securities when replacing portfolio runoff. The OCI-related write-downs of our securities portfolio will be advertised back to us over time as the bonds mature or repay. Should interest rates decline in the future, securities valuations will improve, and the OCI write-downs will reverse and restore our tangible capital. Given the earnings and cash flow of our bank, we don't anticipate needing to sell any of these securities to meet our cash needs, we don't anticipate realizing these temporary write-downs. While our lower level of profitability is less than adequate to us, it has been materially driven by the exogenous interest rate environment.
Fortunately, current consensus expectations point to a light at the end of the tunnel as it relates to future rate increases. Indeed, after four straight 75 basis point rate hikes through November of last year, the Fed followed in December with a lower hike of 50 basis points. Market expectations are now centered on only a 25 basis point hike for the Fed meeting this Wednesday, with potentially only one or possibly two additional 25 basis point hikes the March and May meetings. We look forward to what even an environment of stable rates, whenever that comes, can provide for improved financial performance for our bank. On various earnings calls over the preceding quarters and years, I have shared certain profitability and efficiency targets which we were both striving for and expecting to achieve based upon information available to us at the time.
Those financial targets always came with the customary caveats related to factors related to cooperating interest rate and economic environments, among other factors which could impact our ability to achieve them. It should be very clear from our current results how we have been negatively affected by the current environment. The pace and magnitude of rate increases and the associated unpredictability on our funding composition and costs, as well as uncertain of our revenue streams, make continuing to provide guidance on the timing and levels of financial targets too difficult at this time. For now, we feel we need to defer providing any near-term financial performance targets. We expect to return to such guidance after the current dramatic interest rate and economic volatilities have substantially subsided. Our long-term goals to meet or exceed our peers with respect to financial performance remain.
However, we must acknowledge the relative disadvantages of our existing model to an environment such as the one we are experiencing today. It is important to note that while this period of lower earnings is painful and unexpected to a degree, our higher than expected earnings in both 2020 and 2021 was similarly great and unexpected. The current structure that makes our bank more sensitive to cyclical changes in interest rates allows us to over-earn in declining rate environments. While we have worked to reduce this cyclicality, it is important to acknowledge our through the cycle earnings. I show these thoughts not to excuse our current low level of earnings, but to put them in perspective. Again, clearly our work is not finished as the current level of earnings is not acceptable to us.
With that, this concludes our prepared comments today, and we appreciate your attention. John and I would be happy to answer any questions you have at this time.
If you would like to ask a question, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. If for any reason you would like to remove that question, please press star followed by two. Again, to ask a question, press star one. As a reminder, if you're using a speakerphone, please remember to pick up your handset before asking your question. We will pause here briefly as questions are registered. The first question is from the line of Matthew Clark with Piper Sandler. Your line is now open.
Hey, good morning, Mark and John.
Good morning.
Just, first one kind of around the margin outlook, for the upcoming quarter at least and to gain some visibility. Do you happen to have the average margin in the month of December and the spot rate on deposits at the end of the year, either interest-bearing or total?
We don't separately disclose margin by month. Sorry, Matt. You should assume it was lower than the average, right? Given the December additional 50 basis point move by the Fed, and a full month's impact of the November decline. Plus, in late November, that's the point at which we extended and fixed the maturities on that $1 billion of FHLB advances. All of that's going to have a full quarter's impact in the Q1. The ending deposit cost, do we disclose that, John, or just the average?
Yes, we do in the charts.
Can we direct Matt to that?
Yeah, I'm going through the pages. I think yeah, it's on page 10 of the investor presentation book.
Okay. I can look it up. Thanks.
Yeah.
Just on the Union Bank transaction, $450 million, I think that's down from $490 million. Just what are you assuming for attrition, you know, from that $450 million? You know, cost sounds still pretty low. I guess what are your thoughts on kind of the cost increase there, assuming there's some migration?
It's hard to estimate what runoff we might experience. Our history with these acquisitions has been that we've experienced no material runoff. Now, you know, this is a different time with respect to rates and with respect to alternative investments for folks. When we first negotiated this transaction, the balances in these deposit accounts were approximately what they are today. The deposits actually increased somewhat through the Q3. They've sort of normalized. I think everyone saw some runoff in the Q4. We are hoping to have minimal runoff for a couple reasons. One, we have historically not experienced much. Two, we're gonna be giving these folks an opportunity to increase their rates, right?
Many of these folks will transfer over to similar accounts with slightly higher rates. Our rack rates, which are not our promotional rates, which are a little higher than their existing rates. We have the promotional rate products available to them, which are at rates substantially higher than Union Bank today in nearly all cases. Additionally, the rates and terms on many of our basic checking products are better, particularly better on the business side. Things like the analysis credit and so on. We don't have a lot of basis to make a really well-informed estimate of potential runoff. We like our history.
We like the feedback that we have gotten from the employees at these branches about their excitement to join HomeStreet as opposed to a much larger bank. They believe we fit well with their customer base, and we think they've been sharing that with their customers. We have our fingers crossed here.
Okay. Just in terms of the use of those deposits, I mean, I thought previously you'd use them to pay down FHLB. I think in your comments you mentioned that you locked in $1 billion of FHLB for some period of time. Can you just update us there?
We'll be using them to pay down broker deposits. Essentially other borrowings.
Okay.
Yeah.
Yep. Yep. Okay. Okay. In terms of the incremental loan growth, I mean, sub 5% going forward here, call it, let's just say 3%, that's $50 million-$60 million of loan growth a quarter. Is the plan just to match fund that with deposits, or do you plan to grow deposits in excess of that?
Well, our longer-term plan is to eliminate borrowings, right? We felt it necessary to fix this $1 billion of FHLB advances for a term to ensure that we took off the table some substantially higher level of Fed funds. We do believe that we can grow promotional deposit products through this year, say maybe the Q3 and eliminate or near eliminate our broker deposits. That's our plan. Of course, we continue to work to organically grow new customers, and we, like others do, add new customers consistently, and we also have attrition consistently. Until this year, we've always had more growth organically than attrition. With the liquidity coming out of the system, obviously that's a lot more challenging, as is the challenges from alternative investments.
Our current plan is again to refund or replace substantially all of our broker deposits with retail deposits, primarily promotional products.
Okay. Can you just update us on the amount of broker deposits that you have at year-end and kind of related cost?
Yeah. It should be in the release, right, John?
Yes.
If it's split out.
We'll just point you to it if you just give us a second.
Yep. It's on the deposit table, right? Yeah. Actually, we don't break it out. No.
Is it in the invested debt?
I think it's broken down the same way.
Sorry, we should know our materials better.
No, it's. If you want to disclose this.
You know, I don't know that we have that broken out. We can follow up later.
Okay. Thank you.
Actually, John, if you can read that while we're on the call.
Yeah.
Yeah.
The next question is from the line of Woody Lay with KBW. Your line is now open.
Hey, how's it going, guys?
Good.
Just had one follow-up on the branch purchase. I think last quarter you kind of talked about it or sort of thought it would provide a day one benefit to the name of 25 basis points. Are you still thinking about it in the same way or, you know, is the forecast tough to tell at this point?
The math is pretty straightforward still, right? You take $450 million of deposits and you can pick a rate they may settle it at, right? Maybe it won't be the sort of 10-15 basis points. Maybe they settle in over the next couple of quarters a little higher because of opportunities for a little more. Even if that was, say, 25 basis points, our current broker deposit levels are?
Four plus.
Four plus, maybe 4.15 r oughly, right? If you consider maybe a 400 basis point, benefit on $450 million, I think you can do the math there, right?
Yep. Okay. I wanted to touch on staffing levels. I mean, you noted in your opening comments that they declined by about 6% since the beginning of the year. I mean, were those reductions made sort of throughout the year? Were they more unique to the Q4? You can give there.
Really throughout the year, though about a third, and I'm just gonna guess at that number without looking it up, was in the Q4 due to layoffs.
Yep. all right. Then last for me, just given the dynamics of the branch purchase. I mean, do you think by year-end 2023, you still plan to cross the $10 billion in asset threshold? I mean, I know the overall impact isn't that large for you guys, but just trying to think of the size of the balance sheet.
No, we currently don't think that we will cross $10 billion until, w ell, of course, it's all about growth rates. It's unlikely in 2024 at this rate, right? Could be 2025 sometime. That's subject to a lot of uncertainty about the economy and what our opportunities might be farther out. If we really slow growth to the extent we are currently anticipating for this year, it's gonna be quite a while.
Yeah. All right. That's all for me. Thanks, guys.
Thank you. Did you get the number?
Yeah. The broker deposit is at $1.4 billion.
One second. Just an answer to Matthew Clark's question. Total broker deposits at 12/31/2022 are approximately $1.4 billion.
There are currently no further questions registered, so as a reminder, it is star one on your telephone keypad. There are no additional questions waiting at this time, so I'll pass the conference back to the management team for any closing remarks.
We appreciate your attendance and your attention today. We look forward to speaking to you next quarter. Thank you for joining us.
That concludes the conference call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect your lines.