Good day, and welcome to the HomeStreet Second Quarter 2021 Earnings Conference Call. All participants will be in listen only mode. Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Mark Mason, Chief Executive Officer. Please go ahead.
Hello, and thank you for joining us for our Q2 earnings call. Before we begin, I'd like to remind you that our detailed earnings release and an accompanying investor presentation were filed with the SEC on Form 8 ks yesterday and are available on our website at ir. Homestreet.com under the News and Events link. In addition, a recording and a transcript of this call will be available at the same address following our call. Please note that during our call today, we may make certain predictive statements that reflect our current views and expectations about the company's performance and financial results.
These are likely forward looking statements that are made subject to the Safe Harbor statements included in yesterday's earnings release, our investor deck and the risk factors disclosed in our other public filings. Additionally, reconciliations to non GAAP measures referred to in our call today can be found on our earnings release and investor deck available on our website. Joining me today is our Chief Financial Officer, John Mitchell. John will briefly discuss our financial results, and then I'd like to give an update on our results of operations and our outlook going forward. John?
Thank you, Mark. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us. In the Q2 of 2021, our net income was $29,000,000 or $1.37 per share. This compares to net income of $30,000,000 or $1.35 per share in the Q1 of 2021. Our annualized return on tangible common equity for the Q2 was 17.2%.
Our annualized return on average assets was 1.59% And our efficiency ratio was 63%. Our net interest income increased 6% in the 2nd quarter due to a higher net interest margin and higher levels of interest earning assets. Our net interest margin in the 2nd quarter increased to 3.45% as a result of Lower deposit rates as our total deposit costs decreased to 18 basis points in the 2nd quarter and $200,000,000 of payoffs of PPP loans. The net interest income from our PPP loans caused our net interest margin to be higher by 15 basis points in the 2nd quarter. As of June 30, 2021, the amount of remaining PPP loans was $204,000,000 with deferred fees of $5,600,000 As a result of the continued favorable performance of our loan portfolio And improving economic conditions, we recorded a $4,000,000 recovery of our allowance for credit losses in the Q2 of 2021.
Our ratio of non performing assets to total assets improved to 31 basis points. Our ratio of ACL to total loans was 1.18%. The $12,200,000 decrease in net gain on loan origination and Sales activities in the Q2 of 2021 as compared to the Q1 of 2021 was primarily due to lower volume and Lower profit margins on our single family mortgage origination and sales. The $1,200,000 increase And loan servicing income was due primarily to unfavorable risk management results realized in the Q1 of 2021 for single family mortgage servicing rights. The $3,800,000 decrease in non interest expense In the Q2, as compared to the Q1, was primarily due to lower payroll taxes and a $1,900,000 reimbursement of legal costs received from our insurance carrier.
During the Q2 of 2021, we repurchased 3% of our outstanding common stock at an average price of $44.22 per share and declared and paid a dividend of $0.25 per share. I will now turn the call over to Mark.
Thank you, John. HomeStreet's results for the Q2 continued our outstanding start to the year. Each of our lines of business performed well, continuing to meet or exceed our expectations and the credit quality of our loan portfolio continued strong performance, allowing us to begin to recover pandemic related allowances for credit losses. And given the positive outlook for the economies in our market, we may need to recover additional amounts of our allowance for credit losses going forward. As expected, our single family mortgage loan volume and profit margins decreased from the Q1 levels due to slower refinance activity.
This decrease was offset by higher net interest income, a recovery of our allowance for credit losses and lower non interest expenses. And despite high levels of prepayments, we grew our loan portfolio in the quarter. Excluding the impact of the pay down in PPP loans, Our loans held for investment increased $278,000,000 an annualized rate of 23%. I am particularly pleased with the level and quality of our 2nd quarter operating results since many of the markets in which we do business have only recently listed business restrictions related to the pandemic. Government stimulus and normalization of economic activity should create a strong economic recovery in our markets and provide us with meaningful growth opportunities.
Given our strong financial position, Diversified lines of business, growth markets and disciplined risk management, I believe we continue to be well positioned to make the most of this recovery. Based upon our strong financial results and positive outlook, we repurchased $25,000,000 of our common stock during the quarter and paid a dividend, which today equates to a yield of over 2.5% on our common stock. We plan to continue to manage our capital efficiently, Retaining capital for growth, while returning excess capital to our shareholders through dividends and share repurchases. In that regard and subject to our Board of Directors review and approval and an on the objection of our regulators, We plan on repurchasing $15,000,000 of our outstanding shares this quarter. We expect our net interest margin to continue to benefit through the remainder of 2021 from the forgiveness of PPP loans.
Looking forward, with the Federal Reserve indicating that We expect our net interest margin to remain level as the benefit of our deposits continuing to reprice downward is expected to offset any decline and the rates on our loans. As previously mentioned, the increase in long term interest rates in the Q1 of 2021 affected our single family mortgage banking business in the 2nd quarter, reducing the robust levels of volume and profitability that we have enjoyed since early in 2020. This impact is reflected in the change in the composition of our single family originations between refinancings and purchases as the percentage of refinancings decreased from 70% in the Q4 of 2020 to 45% in the Q2 of this year. We continue to anticipate a slight decrease In our origination and sales activities going forward, as well as lower commission based compensation expense, as we return to what might be considered a more normal single family mortgage banking environment. The pace of this normalization, however, remains difficult to forecast.
Where rates move from here is anyone's guess, but we've planned for the continued normalization of single family mortgage banking volume and profitability over the remainder of this year. While the expected, again, slight decline in mortgage banking It's likely to result in upward pressure on our efficiency ratio in the near term. As I stated last quarter, we anticipate total non interest expenses to decline in the second half of the year, assuming somewhat lower mortgage volume and related lower compensation to levels which we believe will result in an efficiency ratio in the low 60% range and still falling in future years. We continue to increase our commercial real estate loan originations, primarily multifamily, for both sales and for portfolio. The strong fundamentals and demand in our markets and our successful platform support this initiative.
Over time, this increase in production should support net loan growth and higher net interest income, serving to offset any decrease in non interest income from lower mortgage banking income, which I just discussed. As a result of the increasing levels of multifamily loan originations, We are contemplating utilizing securitizations to enable us to originate to our full potential, Uncap CRE concentration levels and individual borrower lending limits and improve our capital efficiency. Additionally, securitization of our loans will enable us to attain the servicing of these loans as opposed to whole loan sales, which we've used historically to manage capacity limitations and potentially provide improved execution metrics. While the final determination to proceed will be based upon various factors, including market spreads, We are anticipating completing our first securitization before the end of this year. To minimize the impact of the costs of securitization, We anticipate 2 securitizations a year on a go forward basis in place of our prior whole loan sales, which may produce some quarter to quarter earnings Volatility.
To reiterate my comments from last quarter, the investments we have made and the improvements in our efficiency and profitability have provided us with the operating leverage that will allow us the opportunity to grow revenue and in turn earnings without meaningful additions to personnel or other operating expenses. And while quarter to quarter earnings may show some degree of volatility, excluding non recurring items such as PPP loans and expense recoveries and of course subject to any unforeseen changes in the economy and our business, we believe we have the opportunity to continue to grow year over year earnings on a per share basis both next year and going forward past the normalization of the single family mortgage market. We would also expect our profitability metrics to continue to compare quite favorably to our peers going forward. With that, this concludes our prepared comments today. Of course, we appreciate your attention We will now begin the question and answer session.
The first question comes from Steve Moss with B. Riley Securities. Please go ahead.
Good morning. Hey, Steve. Good morning, Steve. Maybe just starting with Loan production and loan growth, just given it sounds like a little bit of a change in strategy to support higher origination levels. How do we think about this maybe translating into loan growth on a normal basis going forward here?
I think before I was thinking high single digits, could we be seeing double digit type loan growth?
It is possible. I mean, our expectation is high single digits. It could get into the low double digits depending upon how successful we are. The utilization of securitization, as I mentioned earlier, may support higher levels. The market is very, very strong still, particularly in the markets in which we do business.
And our market share is still relatively small when you consider how large these markets are, even the multifamily market, which we focus on And the West Coast, of course, is very, very large. So we think that our initiative to increase production Obviously, it's working so far. We think we have a lot of room to grow. And Uncapping the balance sheet, we think, is the right thing to do at this time.
Got it. And then maybe just
in terms of The expansion in Lumberto, I guess maybe 2 parts. 1, is the level of originations you think sustainable at the current quarter level? And are you guys hiring additional people just kind of curious as to how things are expensive there too?
We will probably add a small number of producers, But we are still realizing efficiencies from the restructuring work that we did. So we are still not expecting Material addition to personnel for the foreseeable future.
Okay. And is the kind of $900,000,000 type level we saw for originations perhaps a sustainable level or just kind of curious
We think so. Yes. We think so. We hope to improve on that number. But Yes.
And that's including the originations of loans held for sale. That's just for the held for investment. So we do have additional originations beyond that.
Okay. Okay, that's helpful. And then just maybe on the special for a $15,000,000 buyback and the step down here, Just kind of curious, capital levels, call it, relatively steady. Is this just reflective of your expectations for higher growth? Or just How do we think about this going forward?
We're leaving a little capital for growth, right?
The if you think about
what we're making per quarter, we are paying a dividend that's a little in excess of $5,000,000 a quarter. This quarter, it's a little higher because net income is a little higher because of the reversal of ACL, right? So if you back that out With a $15,000,000 repurchase plus $5,000,000 of dividends, leaving a little capital for growth, it should kind of make sense.
Okay. That's helpful. And then just in terms of one last question for me, In terms of loan pricing, just kind of curious as to what you guys are seeing for late spring phase?
It is not much different than last quarter, frankly. The note rates on new production, Construction is still in the mid to high 4% range. Single family is in the low 3s. Multifamily, low threes, C and I is 4% to 4.5%. Those are major numbers on new revenue The next question comes from Jeff Rulis with D.
A. Davidson. Please go ahead. Good morning. Good morning, Jeff.
Question on the really the I want to circle back to the loan growth a little bit. I think you guys had kind of Talked about targeting larger relationships and particularly in multifamily. I wanted to kind of follow-up and say, was that a factor in this Quarter's growth and part 2 of that is any purchase loans in what you characterize as growth in the quarter? Second question first, no purchase loans. The closest we get to purchase loans are some Syndications are participations on the C and I book, but it's quite small.
This is all our originations. Large borrowers didn't really impact this quarter. We did a few loans for larger borrowers, but I wouldn't say it was Beyond the average per quarter, the decision to consider securitizing going forward a portion of the loans Has some benefit to larger borrowers. And I think I mentioned in my comments that we have Borrowing relationships that we would very much like to do more with, but we have house limits on loans to 1 borrower, plus we have legal limits as well, right? And securitization is a way to go beyond those limits.
One other thing, Jeff, I think when you heard in the past, I was talking about larger loans, we were specifically referring to the DUS program because we've Change our structure until we're allowed to do bigger loans, but those are loans held for sale.
Okay. Fair enough. Thanks, John. And Hi, John. While I have you, on the margin, I may have missed it at the beginning there, kind of rattling through the PPP impact.
Do you have the key contribution to margin in the Q1 versus the Q2? And or If you just had a core margin with that stripped out, I
would Actually, if I strip out the PPP loans, there's total impact, Both the balances and the revenues that we had in the Q1 actually had a negative impact of about 2 basis points and the 2nd quarter had a positive impact about 15 basis So when you look at the steady state, if you exclude PPP loans, we kind of are expecting a flat rate if you exclude very high. Flat margin. Flat margin, excuse me. Sorry.
Okay. And John, that 2 basis points and 15, respectively, that was to the margin, not Earnings asset yields, correct?
Yes, to the net interest margin, that's correct. So if you pulled out the balances in the income and the reason the Q1 was negative is because We put a whole lot of balances that were earning 1%.
Got you. Checking around. Yes. Yes, Yes. Mark, sorry, one more.
On the so if we're talking about high single digit or low double digit Loan growth, stable credit, your comment that it may continue to I have a reverse provision here. Is there maybe just bigger picture kind of comfort, maybe that's Through the
end of the year and then you stabilize
on the reserves, if you could kind of ballpark kind of where that Base level is where that kind of settles in? Thanks. Sure. It's hard to comment on what the actual pace will be. I mean, We added $20,500,000 to the ACL in the 1st and second quarters Of last year, specifically for the pandemic, we since that time, our portfolio has continued to Formed well, even better.
So there was going to be pressure on the ACL without the pandemic. If you look at our loan coverage from the ACL pre pandemic, I think we were around 87 basis points, I believe. Given improved performance and a greater Composition of multifamily loans in the portfolio, our steady state ACL fully passed any Pandemic recovery is likely to be 87 basis points or lower, if that helps. Now, how quickly we get there is a little unclear. Though at this juncture, I would still expect to recover based upon all the trends More this year.
Okay. So pace of maybe Drift down is up to some review, but that falling at some point sub 1% alone is not a So do that you think is out of the question? No. And For lack of a better yardstick, it's so hard to know. If you just recovered it evenly Through the end of 'twenty three I'm sorry, 'twenty two.
Yes. That might not be a bad estimate, but I can't assure that that's going to be the pace, but I mean, we have to plan somehow also. We have the same internal problem. And for lack of a better yardstick, that might be a good way to consider recovery. Yes.
Jeff, we're still, as everybody else Learning the CECL modeling and the process, the implications of it and how it works. And it's a very involved process and you don't have a ton of history with it. As Mark said, that's a reasonable assumption going forward. But when it actually happens, we'll kind of go through each quarter and have to evaluate Well, that makes sense.
Right. I mean, we could recover faster than that potentially. If there are Any indications of an elongation of risk, it could be slower. We surely don't anticipate that today. So I don't know if that's helpful or not.
No, it is. Look, I get the gymnastics of the process here. I just was part of the Question is your loan growth. And you talk about lowering reserves versus kind of growing into it. And If you keep the space, it's you're kind of doing eating it from both sides.
So, helpful. Otherwise, I appreciate the comments. Thanks. You bet. The next question comes from Matthew Clark with Piper Sandler.
Please go ahead.
Good morning, guys. Maybe just first on the share repurchase, Another $15,000,000 in the upcoming quarter here. What are your thoughts beyond 3Q and terms of share repurchase? Do you get to a point where Given all you've bought back that the float starts to become a concern or an issue? Or do you feel like you can continue the buyback beyond this quarter?
I feel like that would be a high class problem. Let me start with that, right? I mean, We are so successful in managing Our capital that we're unable to return enough capital because that becomes a float issue, We would split the stock first from the shares because I would assume the stock price will be going up commensurately, right? We would probably I would also assume our multiple bill up as well because that would mean an ever Improving return on equity and EPS. I haven't really considered that potential problem yet, But I guess if we got there, that would be a good problem to deal with.
Okay. So it's fair to assume that buybacks will likely Continue beyond this quarter.
Yes. That's our working assumption. One perspective, and you understand it's biased. If the market is not going to appropriately value our shares, One of the best investments we can make is buying it back to the benefit of our remaining shareholders. And if we have enough capital That we're generating on top of that return of capital to shareholders to satisfy our growth needs, absolutely the best thing for us to do.
Okay, got it. And then just on expenses, I think you've talked in the past about a run rate. You've given some guidance for the next 2 to 3 quarters, which is obviously helpful. But you've also talked about the normalization of mortgage Again, on sale with some offset. So do you feel like That run rate of $54,000,000 $55,000,000 can come down next year?
Or do you feel like even with Maybe gain on sale revenue declining, that run rate might be able to come down.
I think that's a good run rate. I think there will be some volatility within quarters, particularly due to the seasonality The normalized mortgage business, there when you get farther out, let's say, Late 'twenty two, 'twenty three, inflation Will impact you somewhat, right? I mean, just think about annual meriting releases that for our industry have averaged about 3 There will even with a steady state FTE count, there is some inflation in expenses. And so there might be some small increase in that number as you get out, let's say, to 2023.
But I think the important thing to remember here is just the operating leverage. So as we're going through this and keeping our expenses pretty relatively flat, We have the potential with our growth in our loan portfolio to really start getting increased revenues to get better operating efficiencies.
Right. So regardless of Whatever inflation related expenses, we're expecting revenue increases of a multiple of whatever that is.
Understood. Okay. And then just on the for sale originations Coming down a little bit from where they were this quarter, You feel like I think you did $2,160,000,000 of SFR loans sold last year, About $713,000,000 on the CRE side. I guess, how do you feel about both of those buckets? Do you feel like you can Come close to matching that type of for sale production on the SFR side?
And what are your thoughts on the commercial side
as well? We think in the single family for sale production bucket, if you will, that this year It will be similar to last year. They just it's just going to come in different quarters. The Fannie Mae DUS business, we think, will be higher this year. On multifamily loan sales, if we do end up securitizing this year, Whole loan sales, of course, will be down.
Sales
through securitization
It will be up. The total may not be Much different this year than last year. It kind of depends on the volume of securitization. If we don't securitize, we will likely do whole loan sales Sometimes, I think, the year. Yes.
It's just a little unclear right now.
Okay, great. Thank you.
You bet. The next question comes from Jackie Bohlen with KBW. Please go ahead.
Hi, good morning.
Good morning, Andrea.
I wanted to chat about deposits. Just really nice growth in the non interest bearing accounts this quarter. I just wanted to see what some of the internal trends may have been there.
A lot of business deposit growth in the quarter and sort of across all markets. We are adding relationships and more deposit only relationships. We have A specialty deposit group that we've been building over the last couple of years is starting to get some traction. That's helped a great deal. The existing customers we're banking have retained so much more somewhat more cash as well.
I guess, true across the industry right now. We wish they were borrowing more, but they're retaining more cash. And I think the trends you see with our peers They're also true here, but we saw an acceleration this quarter. Very happy with it.
Okay. And is that I noticed that you also had CDs decline, which those in combination obviously did great things for the mix in the quarter. Is that more a factor of repricing to intentionally run people out or you not run people out, but Reduced CDs? Or is it more people, as their CDs are maturing, putting them into other accounts?
Well, I think it has more to do with the runoff of much, much higher priced money. And because we have Reduced our rates farther than we would have historically. We're trying to retrain our customers somewhat. We were always, not just a premium ratepayer, but at times, we've led our markets When we were growing at 20% a year and we needed to grow deposits at a much higher rate. Well, since we changed our growth expectations, We have also lowered our rates to be a lot closer to our peers.
And for some Deposit, CD deposit customers, we're only shopping absolute highest rates. There are better rates available, Whether it's online or otherwise. And so I think that, that has helped us lower our CV balances in an effective way for what we would consider core customers. And Good way for what we would consider core customers.
And one other aspect, Jackie, is we do have some wholesale CD deposits We utilized from time to time. In the past, it's been a larger proportion of our balances, but some of the decrease has been in the wholesale side.
Over TVs. Yes, over TVs. That's true, Tim.
Okay. So setting aside, sorry, go ahead.
Just adding on to that, Since they are substantially borrowings, as our deposits grow, we reduce the need for our borrowings.
Okay. And setting aside kind of the unknown about customer liquidity behavior and How that's going to fluctuate in the coming quarters? Would you expect kind of a core trend of having great shoppers shift out while business Customers and lower cost deposits shift in. Will that continue?
That's our plan. Everything we're doing is trying to grow the number of relationships, grow the proportion of the relationships that we have. Look, we have been working for, gosh, I guess, I can say now, many years to convert what once was a very traditional thrift to a full service commercial bank. And this ongoing change in composition of deposits is a primary part of that ongoing initiative.
And also I think on the consumer side, I think we are developing a really strong core base of customers that are less price sensitive And then they have been historically in the past for this bank. So I think that's another cause of benefit on the consumer side. It's more stable customers that won't be leaving you for a couple of basis points.
Okay, great. That's very helpful. And then one last one for me, and I apologize if this is A mute question. But just wondering if you could provide an update on kind of where you stand with any subleasing plans that you might have. I know there's obviously A number of factors that influence that if you're still looking to do any of that activity, but just wanted an update there.
Well, thank you for asking that question. You may remember the Q4 of last year, we took a pretty substantial charge, About $6,000,000 to accelerate our subleasing efforts, but we saw a hangover from our Downsizing of the mortgage business. That was very successful. We have led the market, I guess you can use that term, As the lowest price Class A footage available in Seattle since that time, and I'm happy to report That we have substantially completed that subleasing effort. Having said that, we are in the process of Restructuring expectations of how much time our people spend in the office versus working remotely And moving some number of people to non permanent workspace, hoteling Workspace.
And we are expecting that, that process will ultimately create some more excess space that we'll have to Please don't ask me the metrics of that yet. It's still unclear, but we may have a little more to do going forward.
Okay. Okay. That's a good update. And I mean, I would assume that when you think about the run rates that we discussed earlier in the call that all of this was taken into consideration for that, barring The end notes of kind of future subleasing?
Correct.
Okay, great. Thank you for taking my questions.
Thanks, Jack. The next question comes from Tim Coffey with Janney. Please go ahead.
Thanks. Good morning, gentlemen.
Hey, Tim. Good morning, Tim.
Yes. Mark, if I could just kind of give a little more color on this potential securitization, the one before year end, what's the probability that
Today, I would say it's very good. But I am not a predictor of interest rates nor spreads. And interest rate spreads can be volatile and they can change quickly. So, I'd say it looks good right now. Our folks are doing a lot of work on it.
Of course, the full securitization takes a great deal more Work in establishing structures, relationships and all that, but remains to be seen. So
We are hoping
to get this accomplished. We think that it's an important Structural maturity in our business gives us a lot more flexibility. At times, Gain on sale, we might recognize in securitization is larger than the whole loan market. At times, it's not, right? And so, That's a significant consideration.
But retaining
the servicing is a very positive aspect It's
very important, the ability to retain our customers, the ability to sort of Uncap CRE concentration concerns, we're doing borrower concerns to be able to do as much business as possible with the large
No, there's a ton of benefits for the program. You also mentioned potential earnings volatility in the course of which securitizations are completed. What's the magnitude of that volatility?
Well, you can think of it this way. If you look at last year's home loan sales, we did them in each quarter, Not exactly the same amount, but we did some in each quarter. If you took that total, let's say, and only put it in the, let's say, 2nd and 4th quarters, right, You would have volatility between the 1st and third and second and fourth.
Okay. And just kind of how you're thinking about when You do with securitization. Would it
be something like, say, the 1st and 4th quarters when the residential mortgage market is seasonally weak? I think we're thinking more second and 4th quarters, but that may not turn out that way. If we Let's say we were to close a securitization by the end of this quarter. It's more likely we would securitize in the Q1 of next year And then 6 months later.
Okay. Okay. Thanks. I was just trying to get a handle on the timing of that.
Yes, it should be more precise, but
Yes. We'll figure out as we start doing them. And then John, just looking at the investment portfolio, it's been coming down on average balances, Period and balances for the last three quarters at a relative range where it's historically been. Is there anything that you see in the investment market that I mean, you don't like that potentially you can see a buildup in cash? Or is it just really dependent on the normal things like increasing deposits and loan growth?
Yes, I think it's more dependent on the latter. In terms of our investment portfolio, we utilize that almost exclusively as a liquidity portfolio to meet liquidity requirements. However, we have do a very good job of on a relative basis, generating earnings out of it. But I think going forward, you're going to see a relatively stable percentage of balance sheet in our investment portfolio. So as we grow, I would expect that to grow slightly, Consistent with the growth in the balance sheet, just to maintain our liquidity requirements and go ahead.
Just a footnote to that though, inside That portfolio is essentially a collateral portfolio, right? Because we do We have a fairly large derivatives book because of our level of hedging. Many of our agreements, of course, require collateral. And so inside of that book is a sub portfolio, if you will, that is Collateral qualifying under these various agreements. But in terms of total, John's right, we're generally targeting Sometimes we grow it a little.
We've been lucky to grow it before while rates were a little higher, which has been nice. But I don't think you're going to see us focus on growing that as a percent of assets.
Okay. That's all right. Great.
Those are my questions. Thank you for the time.
Thanks, Tim. And we have a follow-up from Jeff Rulis with D. A. Davidson. Please go ahead.
Just a housekeeping. The PPP loans outstanding as of sixthirty and if you can John, if you want to comment on the pace of forgiveness through year end.
Yes. Well, I can tell you, I disclosed a little bit. We have about $200,000,000 worth of loans and about a little over $5,000,000 worth of deferred fees. Our expectations and we haven't always been right because we're not What the SBA does all the time, our expectations is that majority of those will be forgiven by the end of the year. And so that's kind of our working model.
But that depends on 2 things, the SBA processing, which seems to have picked up and also our customers filing the Forgive me this, but sometimes they tend to wait till the last second and going through that process. So our expectation is that most of it will be gone by the end of the year. And that's and then is that answer I think that's the best answer we got right now.
Yes, you got it. Thank you. This concludes our question and answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Mark Mason for any closing remarks. Thank you again for attending our call and for the great questions.
We look forward to speaking to you next quarter. The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.