Hello, my name is Yumiki, and I will be your conference operator today. At this time, I would like to welcome everyone to the O’Reilly Automotive fourth quarter and full year 2012 earnings release call. All lines have been placed on mute to prevent any background noise. After the speakers' remarks, there will be a question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question during this time, simply press star, then the number one on your telephone keypad. We ask that you please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. If you'd like to withdraw your question, press the pound key. Thank you. I will now turn the call over to Tom McFall, Chief Financial Officer. Please go ahead.
Thank you, Yumiki. Good morning, everyone, and welcome to our conference call. Before I introduce Greg Henslee, our CEO, we have a brief statement. The company claims the protection of the safe harbor for forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You can identify those statements by forward-looking words such as expect, believe, anticipate, should, plan, intend, estimate, project, will, or similar words. In addition, statements contained within the earnings release and on this conference call that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements, such as statements discussing, among other things, expected growth, store development, integration and expansion strategy, business strategies, future revenues, and future performance. These forward-looking statements are based on estimates, projections, beliefs, and assumptions and are not guarantees of future events and results.
Such statements are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions, including but not limited to competition, product demand, the market for auto parts, the economy in general, inflation, consumer debt levels, governmental regulations, the company's increased debt levels, credit ratings on the company's public debt, the company's ability to hire and retain qualified employees, risks associated with the performance of acquired businesses, weather, terrorist activities, war, and the threat of war. Actual results may materially differ from anticipated results described or implied in these forward-looking statements. Please refer to the Risk Factors section of the annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31st, 2011, for additional factors that could materially affect the company's financial performance.
These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they were made, and the company undertakes no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by applicable law. At this time, I'd like to introduce Greg Henslee.
Thanks, Tom. Good morning, everyone, welcome to the O’Reilly Auto Parts fourth quarter conference call. Participating on the call with me this morning is, of course, Tom McFall, our Chief Financial Officer, and Jeff Shaw, our Executive Vice President of Store Operations and Sales. David O’Reilly, our Executive Chairman, is also present. As many of you know, in mid-December, we announced that Ted Wise transitioned from his longtime role as Chief Operating Officer to Executive Vice President of Expansion. Ted continues to be a very actively involved member of our executive management team, but now he is specifically focusing his time and efforts in the areas of new store growth, maintaining our existing installed store base, and new market expansion.
Ted's level of passion for the business has not diminished a bit, and he remains extremely committed to the success of our company, although he will be working a slightly reduced schedule. Going forward, Ted will continue to attend our quarterly conference calls. However, he is currently enjoying his new role and reduced schedule by taking a well-deserved vacation, so he is not present for today's call. We also announced in December that Jeff Shaw was promoted to the position of Executive Vice President of Store Operations and Sales. Jeff has been an O’Reilly team member for 24 years, beginning his career at the store level. He held numerous store, district, and regional manager positions throughout our company before being promoted to Vice President of Store Operations in 2003 and Senior Vice President in 2004.
Many of you have met Jeff and have heard him present at our O’Reilly Analyst Days. Jeff will be participating in our conference call today and will be an ongoing participant on our quarterly calls. I would like to begin the discussion of our fourth quarter and full year 2012 results by thanking our 53,000 members of Team O’Reilly for their hard work and commitment to our success. During the fourth quarter, we continued to face a very challenging demand environment. However, your dedication to providing the best customer service in our industry yielded a 4.2% increase in comparable store sales, which exceeded our guidance range of 2%-4%.
For the year, your efforts have led to a 3.8% increase in comparable store sales, and by growing profitable sales and prudently managing our expenses over the long term, we generated another record annual operating margin of 15.8%, exceeding our prior year's record adjusted operating margin of 14.9%. Your relentless focus on excellent customer service resulted in a 23% increase in fourth quarter adjusted diluted earnings per share, marking our 16th consecutive quarter of adjusted diluted earnings per share growth of 15% or greater and our fourth consecutive year of annual adjusted diluted earnings per share growth of 20% or greater. It takes a tremendous team effort to generate these types of record-breaking results, and I would like to thank each of you for your hard work and your unrelenting focus on providing outstanding service to each of our valued customers.
The great service you provide remains the backbone of our continued success. During the fourth quarter, our sales continued to be negatively impacted in our central and northern Midwest markets by unseasonably warm weather. These areas represent approximately 25% of our comparable store sales base, and the impact on our fourth quarter comp was approximately 200 basis points, consistent with the drag these areas had on our third quarter results. We did see sequential improvements in these markets as the quarter progressed, and these areas finished the year with solid momentum consistent with the rest of the chain. All months during the quarter were positive and performed at or above our expectations, with October and November performing stronger than December.
We expected December to be a challenging month, driven by the headwind of the timing of the holidays, with Christmas falling on a Tuesday this year compared to a Sunday last year, coupled with a pressured consumer who has to juggle holiday spending with vehicle maintenance during this period every year. Both the do-it-yourself and professional customer comps were positive contributors to our fourth quarter results. Sequentially, from the third quarter to the fourth quarter, DIY and professional customer comp improvements were very similar. The acquired stores continue to outcomp the core O’Reilly stores and continue to be accretive to our overall comp results. The core O’Reilly stores generated solid comps during the fourth quarter, finishing the year strong. Overall, average ticket continues to be the primary driver of our comp results, relating primarily to business mix.
The professional side of our business continues to grow at a faster rate than the DIY side, driven by market share gains in the acquired markets. During the fourth quarter, overall traffic counts were positive, representing the strongest traffic count results we experienced all year. For the full year, our comparable store sales results of 3.8% finished in the lower third of our original guidance range of 3%-6%. Looking back at the full year, 2012 got off to a strong start as early spring weather in most of our markets pulled spring business from the second quarter into the first quarter. This created a significant headwind in the second and third quarters as the mild winter significantly reduced wear and tear on replacement parts.
Throughout the year, we remained focused on providing top-notch customer service and were able to finish the year on a positive trend. Overall, the macro environment continues to be challenging and a high degree of economic uncertainty remains. We have not changed our belief that the fundamental drivers for long-term growth in our industry remain intact. Total miles driven in the U.S. increased 60 basis points through November of last year, while gas prices remained relatively flat year-over-year through December. Over the course of 2012, unemployment rates improved slightly, finishing the year at 7.8%, down from 8.5% at the end of 2011. We expect that these historically high rates will decline over time, and the resulting increase in commuter miles driven will be a tailwind for demand in our industry.
We also expect to continue to see an ongoing aging of the vehicle fleet due to better-engineered vehicles capable of staying on the road for longer periods of time. This will also contribute to the overall industry demand. As we look forward to 2013, we are cautiously optimistic that weather will normalize. We expect year-over-year miles driven to modestly increase, driven by slowly improving unemployment levels, although we expect the consumer will continue to be under pressure throughout the year. We do not anticipate that inflation will be a major factor in our 2013 results. However, we do expect that our comparable store sales will continue to be driven by average ticket increases as we expect to again grow our professional business at a faster rate than the DIY business, especially in the acquired markets.
In addition, as we have seen in the industry over the past 10 years, the better engineering of the overall vehicle fleet requires less frequent maintenance than we've historically seen, but the repairs continue to be more costly, resulting in higher ticket averages. Based on these factors, for 2013, we are projecting full-year comparable store sales to increase in the range of 3%-5%. For the first quarter of this year, we expect the solid sales trends we saw in the fourth quarter of 2012 to continue. So far this quarter, we have been pleased with our comparable store sales results. However, we are facing our most difficult comparison of the year, with a 7.4% increase in the first quarter of 2012.
As a reminder, Leap Day added approximately 130 basis points to our first quarter 2012 comp results, which will be a significant headwind in the first quarter of this year. We also face a headwind due to the timing of the Easter holiday, which fell in the second quarter of 2012 but will fall in the first quarter of this year. We expect that this will create a headwind of approximately 20 basis points for the quarter. In light of these factors, along with the pull forward of spring business into the first quarter of 2012 as a result of the early spring weather in most markets, we are guiding the first quarter comparable store sales in the range of flat to positive 2%, which equates to an increase of approximately 1.5%-3.5%, excluding the impact of Leap Day and the timing of the Easter holiday.
As we look past the top line at our sequential results for the fourth quarter, we saw improved gross margin driven by strong merchandise margins as we focused on growing profitable sales, somewhat offset by higher distribution costs as a result of less leverage on a seasonably lower sales volume. On a year-over-year basis, we saw similar improvements in distribution efficiencies and shrink that we saw throughout 2012. For the full year, our gross margin of 50.1% strongly exceeded our original guidance range of 48.9%-49.3%. During 2012, the pricing environment remained rational, allowing us to focus on growing profitable sales. Our merchandise group has worked diligently throughout the year at reducing acquisition costs. Our distribution systems teams have focused on efficiency improvements. Our store teams have focused on profitable sales growth and reducing shrink.
Overall, we've worked extremely hard to expand our gross margin throughout the year, and we're proud of the 110 basis point improvement in the year-over-year gross margin results. For 2013, we expect gross margin to be relatively flat and are guiding to full-year gross margin in the range of 49.9%-50.3%. Our expectation is that we will continue to incrementally improve acquisition cost, with these gains being offset by a higher mix of professional customer business, which yields a lower gross margin than our retail business. We expect to continue to improve our distribution efficiencies, especially in our newer DCs. This improvement will be offset by a reduced benefit from capitalized distribution costs as compared to 2012, related to the store inventory expansion initiatives we completed throughout the year. We would anticipate maintaining our solid shrink results throughout the year.
On the expansion front, we again had a very busy year. We accomplished our goal of 180 net new stores, and we are very well positioned to meet our goal of 190 net new stores for 2013. As we previously announced, we opened our 4,000th store on January 19th of this year in Tampa, Florida, marking another significant milestone in our company's history. As we discussed on our third quarter conference call, we are moving forward with the construction of a distribution center in Lakeland, Florida, which will support our expansion further south into the Sunshine State. Finally, I would like to spend a little time discussing our acquisition of the auto parts and distribution-related assets of VIP Parts, Tires, and Service. VIP is based in the state of Maine and operated 56 stores throughout Maine, New Hampshire, and Massachusetts.
VIP will continue to operate the service bays at these 56 locations, and we will operate the parts stores. While this is our first acquisition of a regional chain that is a combination service and parts store, we have several locations throughout our existing store base where our store is connected to a service center. While this combined format is clearly not our preference, we feel confident in our ability to execute our dual market strategy in these locations and are pleased to be the primary supplier for the VIP service centers. Over the next six to eight months, we will work to reset our portion of the store, add our signage and planograms, implement our systems, and introduce a significantly more effective inventory mix.
During the same period, we will modify the existing distribution center to significantly increase the service to those stores and to improve their SKU availability, as well as increase the number of deliveries made from the DC to the stores. Once the store and DC conversion is complete, we will work to aggressively build a professional customer side of the business in these markets. Based on the time required to convert these locations to our business model, we do not expect to see meaningful profitability from these stores in 2013. However, we will be well positioned to grow our market share in 2014 from these locations and begin additional expansion into the Northeast. In addition to the conversion of the VIP stores to the O’Reilly model, we'll continue to actively look for additional bolt-on acquisitions in our existing markets as well as new markets.
Before I turn the call over to Jeff, I would like to once again thank our team members for another record-breaking year in 2012. Your focus on the fundamentals of providing unsurpassed levels of customer service in the midst of a very challenging macro environment has allowed our company to continue to gain market share, and I want to thank all of you for your commitment to our company's continued success. I'll now turn the call over to Jeff Shaw.
Thanks, Greg, and good morning, everyone. It's an honor to get the opportunity to represent our 53,000 hardworking and dedicated team members on this call. When Greg asked me to begin participating on these calls, I was extremely humbled. What he didn't tell me at the time was Ted wouldn't be here for my first call, so I'd immediately have to try and provide the level of color regarding our operations that Ted has provided for so many years. I guess I'll begin today by thanking Ted for this opportunity. Ted, not sure if you're listening in, but sure hope you're having a great time in South America. Our business has always been and always will be about providing consistent and outstanding customer service. We sell parts, but we're really in the customer service business.
I'd like to focus my comments today on discussing our operational results for the year, on the investments we made during the year to improve our service levels, and on the expected impact these investments will make as we look forward into 2013. During 2012, we generated a fairly respectable 3.8% increase in comparable store sales. In the midst of a challenging year for our industry, these results were within our guidance range but below our expectations. Thanks to the hard work of our team, we finished the year beating our forecasted fourth quarter comparable store sales guidance range, which provides us solid momentum coming into 2013. For the year, our SG&A per store was higher than we expected, finishing at an increase of 2.2% over 2011 and above our beginning of the year guidance of 1.5%-2% growth.
For the fourth quarter, our SG&A as a percentage of sales was 35.4%. A deleverage of 10 basis points over the prior period. For the year, we finished with 34.3%, a deleverage of 20 basis points over the prior year. The deleverage was primarily due to higher store-level payroll and benefits. As I mentioned earlier, we're in the business of providing excellent customer service, and we've been able to profitably grow our business over the long term by being equally committed to providing great service in periods of strong industry growth, as well as in times of less robust growth. Our customers, whether DIY or professional shops, are focused on their bottom line, not ours, and expect great service every time they call or walk in our stores.
Therefore, we always need to be staffed to provide that top-notch and consistent service we've always been known for over the years. As Ted's mentioned in the past, we do gradually adjust staffing levels in our stores in reaction to the sales environment. However, we don't make dramatic changes resulting in poor service levels in response to short-term periods of slower demand. As a commitment of this to always providing great customer service, we've always been able to build market share in both strong and less robust demand environments, as demonstrated by our 20 consecutive years of comparable store sales increases. For 2013, we expect a more normalized year and expect that the relationships that we strengthened and the new ones we built in 2012 will yield even stronger market share gains.
In the acquired markets, we continue to see impressive improvements in our ability to execute our dual market strategy. Day by day, we're improving our store-level leadership in these markets, and as a result, our ability to provide consistent, excellent customer service continues to improve. The continued strong comparable sales performance of these acquired markets is validation that our ability to consistently execute our dual market strategy is getting better. However, we're not there yet. We're encouraged by the growth we see in these acquired markets, but we feel that we have strong growth ahead of us, and we're excited about the continued opportunities that 2013 will bring for these markets. As Greg mentioned, we opened 180 net new stores in 2012. As in the acquired stores, for a new store to perform well, it must have great leadership.
With our expanded footprint now across 42 states, we've been able to spread our organic growth over a much wider area, and therefore, we can draw from a deeper bench of future leaders that we've developed internally over time. By placing well-trained and aggressive managers in our 2012 new stores, these locations hit the ground running and performed above expectations. We continue to work throughout 2012 on identifying and developing the next group of solid leaders and are confident that our 190 net new stores in 2013 will be staffed with great managers and teams ready to provide industry-leading customer service. In addition to great leadership, great service requires industry-leading access to the parts customers need. During 2012, we increased our inventory per store by $42,000, representing a total investment of $155 million. We can't stress enough that this is store-level inventory deployed closest to the customer.
As we planned for 2012, we felt that this investment was necessary to maintain our superior in-stock position. This investment entailed the enhancement of SKU breadth stocked at every store. We also evaluated and enhanced our hub store network by adding 48 hub locations, representing a 24% increase over 2011. These additional hubs increased our store-level expenses. However, we firmly believe that this additional expense, along with the additional store-level inventories, has helped build our sales momentum in the latter portion of the year and will generate solid returns in 2013. Over time, there's been a dramatic increase in the number of makes, models, and years of vehicles on the road. The resulting expansion of SKUs has made it nearly impossible to stock at the store or hub level all of the parts a store needs to provide top-notch customer service.
That's the reason why our 24 regionally deployed DCs play such a vital role in our long-term ability to provide better customer service than our competition. At the same time, our DCs were supporting our store-level inventory build in 2012, which was a tremendous accomplishment in and of itself. Our DCs and hub network stepped up the level of service provided to our stores by expanding our weekend deliveries. This increased level of service greatly improved our ability to provide those hard-to-find parts to our customers over the weekends, significantly improving our DIY service levels, as well as helping our professional customers open on the weekends. I want to take this opportunity to thank our DC leadership team for supporting this higher level of service to our stores, while at the same time operating more efficiently and contributing to our improved gross margin.
I'd like to finish up today by quickly mentioning our upcoming managers conference. Each year, we have the opportunity to get all of our store managers, DMs, RMs, and DVPs, as well as our skills and DC management teams together in one place at one time. This is a great opportunity to reinforce that our ability to grow market share truly hinges on providing that top-notch customer service, as well as the importance of continually identifying, mentoring, and promoting the next generation of leadership, and most importantly, perpetuating the O’Reilly culture. We'll use the conference as a springboard to continue our solid sales momentum from the fourth quarter and further leverage the investments we've made in building customer relationships and product availability. Once again, it's an honor to represent all of our team members on this call.
Our success has always been the result of the great service each of them provide to our customers every day. I can't thank them enough for their hard work and dedication. Now, I'd like to turn the call over to Tom.
Thanks, Jeff. Now we'll take a closer look at our results and add some color to our guidance for 2013. Comparable store sales for the quarter increased 4.2% on top of the prior year's comps of 3.3%. DIY and professional comps were again both positive for the quarter, with professional contributing a larger % to our growth. Average ticket growth for both the DIY and professional side of the business was again the driver to the comp improvement. For the quarter, sales increased $97 million, comprised of a $57 million increase in comp store sales, a $39 million increase in non-comp store sales, a $2 million increase in non-comp non-store sales, and a $1 million decrease from closed stores. For the year, sales increased 7% to $6.2 billion, primarily driven by our 3.8% comparable store sales growth, which was on top of the prior year's comps of 4.6%.
Our sales guidance for 2013 is $6.6 billion-$6.7 billion. Our comparable store sales guidance is 3%-5%, driven by expected strong growth in the professional side of the business, especially in the acquired markets, and moderate growth on the DIY side of the business. Gross profit for the quarter increased 50 basis points over the prior year. We were able to maintain our strong merchandise margins in the fourth quarter and drive an increased gross margin percentage against the tough compares versus the prior year through distribution efficiencies, improved shrink, and a benefit from the amount of capitalized distribution costs. As a result of our initiatives to put more inventory closer to our customers, as Jeff has already discussed, we added significantly to our store-level inventories during the year.
The cost to move this inventory into a saleable position in the stores is capitalized on our balance sheet at our overall distribution rate. Moving this stock up inventory into place is more efficient than normal orders. We saw a benefit in our gross margin of approximately 15 basis points for the quarter. For 2013, we expect gross profit as a percent of sales to be 49.9%-50.3% of sales versus 50.1% in 2012. We expect the mix of professional sales to continue to grow faster than DIY sales, which will put downward pressure on our gross profit as a percent of sales, we expect to offset this pressure with incremental gains and acquisition costs.
We expect to continue to drive improved distribution efficiencies that will offset the year-over-year headwind as we calendar the 2012 benefit from capitalized distribution costs. Our DC and store teams have established a great track record with controlling shrink, we're expecting to maintain our solid shrink results next year. SG&A for the quarter was 35.4% of sales versus 35.3% in the prior period. SG&A for the full year of 2012 was 34.3% versus 34.1% in the prior year. The 2011 SG&A excludes the benefit from the former CSK officer clawback. Average SG&A per store for 2012 increased 2.2% over 2011, primarily a result of customer-facing store costs Jeff discussed earlier.
Looking forward to 2013, we expect to see per-store SG&A, excluding the acquired VIP stores, which will require some time to convert to the O’Reilly business model, to increase between 1% and 1.5% as we expect to leverage our existing payroll infrastructure and drive market share gains that outpace the growth in SG&A. Operating margin for the quarter was 15% of sales, representing a 31-basis-point improvement over our 2012 adjusted operating margin, as we saw strong gross margin improvements more than offset the deleverage in SG&A. For the year, we achieved an operating margin of 15.8%, which represents a new record for our company and the achievement, one year earlier than expected, of the 15% operating margin goal we set when we acquired CSK in 2008.
Our operating margin guidance for 2013 is 15.8%-16.2% of sales, with the improvement expected to come from leverage on SG&A, particularly leverage on store payroll and occupancy costs in the acquired CSK stores. The tax rate was 37.6% of pre-tax income for the fourth quarter and 37.8% for the full year of 2012. For 2013, we're expecting a tax rate of approximately 37.4% of pre-tax income based on tax planning strategies we currently have in place. Diluted earnings per share for the fourth quarter was $1.14 per share, which represents a 23% increase over adjusted EPS of $0.93 in the fourth quarter of 2011. For the year, EPS was $4.75 per share, which represents a 25% increase over the prior year.
As a reminder, adjusted diluted earnings per share for 2011 excludes the one-time charges from our financing transactions in the first quarter of 2011 and the benefit from the former CSK officer clawback in the fourth quarter of 2011. Moving to the balance sheet, we continue to make great progress in improving the productivity of our inventory net of payables. For the year, our inventory turnover net of payables was 7.4 times versus 3.4 times in 2011. At the end of 2012, our average inventory per store is up 8% to $573,000 versus $531,000 at the end of last year. In 2013, we project inventory per store to be flat as we continue to identify opportunities to redeploy our investment into more productive inventory. Our vendor financing program has been extremely successful as the catalyst to reducing overall supply chain costs and improving the productivity of our net inventory investment.
At the end of 2012, our accounts payable to inventory ratio was 85%, which is another great improvement over the prior year ratio of 64%. Our expectation from the beginning of the year to finish 2012 in the 70%-75% range. In 2013, we expect our gains in AP percentage to moderate, as we expect to continue to make more incremental improvements in vendor terms, but also face a headwind from the payments for the store-level inventory build in 2012. As a result, we'd expect our AP to inventory percentage to be relatively flat in 2013. Capital expenditures for 2012 were $301 million, a reduction of $27 million from 2011, primarily due to the opportunities to lease more existing sites for new store growth versus owned stores.
In 2013, we expect a higher CapEx spend in the range of $385 million-$415 million, driven by a planned increase in new store openings from 180 new stores in 2012 to 190 stores in 2013, including a higher mix of owned stores. The construction of a DC in Lakeland, Florida, and the conversion cost associated with the acquired VIP stores. At the end of the fourth quarter, our adjusted debt to adjusted EBITDA was 1.83 times, which ranks below our long-term targeted leverage range of 2 to 2.25 times. While we've incrementally increased our leverage over time and expect we'll enter our leverage range this year, we remain very committed to maintaining and improving our investment-grade ratings. For the year, free cash flow improved 20% to $951 million versus $791 million in 2011.
This strong improvement was driven by increased net income, an improvement of $359 million in net inventory investment, and reduced capital expenditures. While we expect to maintain the working capital gains we've made over the past two years, we do not expect to generate the same dramatic improvement in our net inventory investment. As a result of this headwind to free cash flow for 2013, combined with a planned CapEx increase in spend of $100 million, we anticipate generating free cash flow of $450 million-$500 million in 2013. With free cash flow this year of $951 million and the net proceeds from incremental borrowings, we are able to aggressively and opportunistically execute our share buyback program. During the fourth quarter and through the date of our earnings release, we repurchased approximately 5.5 million shares with an average price of $88.45.
This brings our cumulative share repurchase since the inception of our program in January of 2011 through yesterday to 34 million shares with an average price of $76.28. We continue to believe that the best use of our free cash flow is to reinvest in our business by maintaining and growing our store base and consolidate the industry through accretive acquisitions. To the extent these opportunities do not use all of our available cash in 2013, we intend to continue to prudently execute our share buyback program with the $248 million of cash on the balance sheet at the end of the year and additional free cash flow generated during the year. Our guidance for both the first quarter and full year takes into account the shares repurchased through yesterday but does not reflect the impact of any potential future share repurchases.
For the first quarter, our diluted earnings per share guidance is $1.30-$1.34 a share. For the full year, our diluted EPS guidance is $5.50-$5.67 a share. At this time, I'd like to ask Yumiki, the operator, to return to the line, and we'll be happy to answer your questions.
At this time, I would like to remind everyone, in order to ask a question, please press star then the number 1 on your telephone keypad now. Please limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. We'll pause for just a moment for the first question. Your first question comes from the line of Colin McGranahan with Bernstein.
First question, just on the expansion. Moving into Florida, opening up the Lakeland DC, pushing further south, that's obviously a newer market for you, moving into the Northeast as well. Can you talk a little bit about what you're seeing in Florida so far as you expand there and expectations for the Northeast just in terms of store performance, difference in the competitive environment, things like that?
It's still early in Central Florida. We're not into Southern Florida yet. We are in Northern Florida, the Panhandle, and have been for a while. Our stores there do very well. It's a pretty good real estate market for us. Our exploration so far has yielded good results from a location standpoint, and we've got several stores going in down there, and we expect to do really well in the Orlando and Tampa markets and several small markets around that area. We're excited about it. We think it's a great opportunity for us, and we look forward to having a facility in Lakeland that'll allow us to get further south into Florida. In the Northeast, it's way early. We've done a lot of looking around up there as we've contemplated acquiring a company or two up there, as you know, we acquired VIP.
A lot of cars, a lot of traffic. The real estate market obviously is a little more difficult. For the most part, where we would locate the majority of our stores outside of the major metro areas, we wouldn't put parts stores in downtown Manhattan, for instance. It looks pretty good, and we're excited about the opportunity to expand up there, and we'll use the VIP acquisition as a means for us to expand south out of the far Northeast, and then we'll continue to use our existing store base to expand up into the Northeast. At some point in the future, we'll be expanding our distribution capability in that area.
Okay. That's great. Thank you. Just a quick follow-up on CSK. Can you talk a little bit about the relative performance differential of the stores in the middle of the country versus the West Coast and how that contributed to the overall comp?
The West Coast obviously performs very well. They performed better than the core O'Reilly stores, although the core O'Reilly stores performed well. The Upper Midwest stores were our poorest-performing stores. As I said in my prepared comments, the 25% of the stores that we comprise as maybe being the weather-affected stores caused about a 200 basis point decrease in our overall comp performance. We would say that maybe the disparity between the non-weather-related stores and the weather-affected stores would be somewhere above 700 basis points, something like that.
Okay, great. Thank you very much.
Thank you.
Your next question comes from the line of Dan Wewer with Raymond James & Associates.
Just to follow up on that comment, you noted that the gap between the cold and warm weather markets was 700 or 800 basis points. Did you also indicate in your prepared comments that by the end of the quarter, those Upper Midwest markets were performing in line with the company average?
They were comping better. It varies by region. If you put them as a whole, they would've been comping under the average. They had sequentially improved significantly into December.
Do you think that we have crossed the hurdle where the weather issues that have been impacting those markets are now behind us? When you look at 2013, are you expecting those markets to perhaps outperform your Southwestern and Western stores, given the easy comparisons?
Dan, it's hard to really fully get our arms around the effect of the unusual winter we had last year, and to some degree, in many markets, a little bit of a soft winter this winter. There's no question that extremes put pressure on automobiles and that there's some hard part failures that result from the cold and hot weather and the roads that get potholes in them and so forth. I guess to answer your question, yeah, I would expect those stores that have not performed well as the weather normalizes to perform much better on the easier comparison. Yes, I think they will.
This is my follow-up question for Tom. You noted that you're not expecting any improvement in your payables inventory rate in 2013. I would certainly understand that the rate of increase could slow, I'm surprised that you're not expecting any improvement. Could you, again, maybe walk us through the reasons for that?
Well, the primary reason is we're going to have to have some substantial gains to stay where we are. When we look at the math and we talk about the store-level inventory build this year of $150 million. When you add additional parts to the stores and that kind of mass, we're able to get special dating on those orders. If we have year dating on those orders, that's come into the numerator and denominator at 100%, and they're going to come due this year. We're going to have to continue to make progress with our vendors through the financing program and through other avenues to maintain that percentage. If we look back to the beginning of the year, our guidance was 70%-75%, and those stock-up orders helped us surpass that level this year.
We've got some work to do to stay where we are.
Would not if your inventory per store is flat year-over-year in 2013, that would lead to faster inventory turns, right? That mathematically would benefit the payables inventory rate.
Well, if you look at our days in payables, it's starting to get beyond where our turns are. The bigger driver is when do those payments come due for non-typical orders.
Okay. Thank you.
Thanks.
Your next question comes from the line of Scot Ciccarelli with RBC Capital Markets.
Hey, guys. Scot Ciccarelli.
Hey, Scot.
How are you?
Good.
Great. The commercial business has always been competitive, but just given the continued focus on the segment from Advance and AutoZone, are there any noticeable changes on the competitive front? Alternatively to that, is there a point where O'Reilly may have to accelerate some investments, whether it's newer systems or more labor, to continue to gain the kind of share that you have in that part of the business?
Well, yeah, it's a competitive business. As I've said to many of you several times, I've been doing this for a long time, I think it's always been a very competitive business. I can think of only a few markets over the years where we didn't have a competitor that was just tough and quality and did a good job. Our role has always been to go out and identify the markets where there's a lot of commercial business to try to take market share, it's not easy. Yeah, I think, the newer players in the commercial business coming in certainly adds another element of competition. It hasn't really changed the way that we would go to market because the fundamentals that drive the relationship between a commercial customer and the parts store remain exactly the same. The expectations are the same.
We've always been able to build our business by meeting those expectations better than many of our competitors. I think we'll continue to do that. From an investment standpoint or the things that we can do to improve that, over a number of years, we've kind of transitioned the way we do that business. We were one of the first companies, I think, to allow our customers to electronically order from our stores. Pre-internet or before the internet was mainstream as it is today, we put terminals in our customer shops and had them electronically order parts from us. I think we've been pretty innovative in the way that we manage those relationships over the years. Yeah, I think that we'll continue to invest in innovation. I don't see any big game changer on the horizon that would require significant investment by us to maintain those relationships.
I think the things that we see that we need to do, for instance, in 2012 where we increased our weekend deliveries. Some of our professional customers are open on weekends now, whereas back several years ago, maybe there weren't as many open on weekends. The national account type customers are open on weekends, by increasing our weekend service out of our hubs and DCs to our stores, it makes us a more effective supplier. Just increasing the number of stores that are touched every day by a hub store or by a distribution center. When I say by a hub store, many times the hub store itself is touched by the DC on a daily basis, and the hub store touches the store. In effect, the store has access to a distribution center breadth of inventory. That's been very effective for us.
No, I wouldn't see anything that would change significantly. We will continue to incrementally make investments as we see fit.
Got it. Thanks, guys.
Thanks.
Your next question comes from the line of Daniel Hofkin with William Blair & Co.
Good morning. Just a question about the comp outlook. Effectively doing the math, the full year guidance would imply something in the range of a 4%-6% expectation across quarters two through four on average. Just wondering, how much of that fairly substantial acceleration is due simply to the considerably easier comparisons? How much is due to either current or potential additional initiatives?
Well, we don't ignore the comparisons when we come up with our annual guidance. Having the easier comparison in the second and third quarter will allow us to generate a little better comp than we would, assuming that our comp trend continues to be what we think it will be. I think that the things that we've done from an inventory deployment standpoint by increasing our hub store count, product availability, all the things we can do to drive our business are going to be helpful. Certainly the comparisons in the second and third quarter are a consideration.
Okay. Then from a gross margin standpoint, could you just review again sort of maybe the biggest puts and takes in terms of, obviously you've had really substantial gross margin improvement over the years, including 2012. What, kind of at the midpoint would make you think about flat versus moderate improvement again in 2013?
Well, when we look at big puts and takes, we would tell you, we kind of laid out why we came up with a flat gross margin. We're looking to really maintain the run rates we're at. We have some switch in distribution costs, some switch between professional business and acquisition costs. Our expectation is that pricing is going to remain rational within our industry, and there's not going to be a large dramatic shift in how we and our competitors have priced over the last three, four, five years.
Okay. As far as like at the former CSK stores, obviously you're seeing the strongest growth in the commercial business there as well. That said, is there a gross margin benefit to kind of increasing the mix of hard parts within their business compared to
What it was a couple of years ago?
That's definitely the case. In general, hard parts carry a better margin, as commodities are on the low end of our margin spectrum. As we've added more hard parts, both on the professional and the DIY side at CSK, that's helped to offset the pressure from giving professional shops volume discounts.
Got it. Thanks very much. Best of luck in the first quarter.
Thanks, Dan.
Your next question comes from the line of Michael Lasser, UBS.
Hey, guys. Thanks a lot for taking my question. The spread between your comp and that of your competitors that have reported in the last several weeks seems to have expanded quite a bit. Do you have a view or a hypothesis on what drove the expansion? How much do you think it was due to the geographic differences versus some of the initiatives that you've laid out?
It's really hard to quantify for us, Michael Lasser. We're out there, and I've got Jeff Shaw sitting across the table from me, and he manages a lot of great team members that wake up every day trying to take market share from our competitors. I feel like we're pretty effective. We work hard at it. I think the fourth quarter, we worked extremely hard focusing on growing quality sales. We could grow our sales faster if we were not as prudent when it comes to maintaining the price at which we sell products for. We're very cognizant of the gross margin at which we sell products. What I would say is we're out there pedaling as hard as we can and trying to gain as much market share as we can. I think our competitors are doing the same thing.
It's hard for me to speak to their results compared to ours and the causes of maybe their comp softness as compared to ours.
That's helpful. The second question I had is, over the course of the last few quarters, you've seen some particular weakness in categories that are typically purchased at replenishment. As the cold weather has set in, have those categories gotten better? Do you expect to see some pent-up demand released over the next few periods?
Yeah. I've said when I've met with a few analysts in just different venues, that I would expect that some of the parts that didn't get replaced last winter, that were parts that would typically fail in extreme weather, would either fail. For instance, batteries that didn't fail in the wintertime, a lot of them failed last summer during the heat, and they'll fail this winter. Our battery business in 2012 was really good. I would expect that some of the chassis parts that have lived a little longer life than they really should have based on them failing due to weather extremes, that we'll have maybe a little pickup there, maybe some ignition.
Brakes.
Brakes. Brakes has been a little soft with there not being as much weather-affected corrosion type stuff as you might see otherwise. Yeah, we would expect to see some pickup in some categories as the weather normalizes.
Just to follow up on that, in the colder weather markets, are those categories what improved?
Well, I think that everything has done a little better there at the end of the quarter. Yeah, the one that sticks out in my mind is we've seen a significant improvement in our performance on batteries.
Okay, great. Thank you very much, and best of luck with the year.
Okay. Thank you.
Your next question comes from the line of Alan Rifkin with Barclays.
Thank you very much. Greg, it was mentioned that your operating margin in 2012 of 15.8% was achieved one year earlier than you had originally planned. Looking back at the last four years since you acquired CSK, and I'm sure it's a function of many things, but is your ability to get to that operating margin a year earlier more a function of revenues that are exceeding your plan or greater synergies or greater expense reductions? Can you maybe just shed some color on that?
There's several contributing factors, and I'll make a comment, then Tom, you may have some comments too. Obviously, growing our revenue out there has been helpful, but the synergies from a product acquisition standpoint and maybe a mix standpoint and also some improvements that we've made in the way we deploy products and some of our private label branding, those things are significant contributors. Tom, I don't know if you have a comment on which one you think is the biggest contributor.
When we look back at our model when we bought CSK, the opportunity from a scale standpoint to reduce our acquisition cost was quite a bit more than what we thought. We've done a little bit better on the expenses than we thought, and sales continue to be an item that we're very pleased with. As Jeff mentioned in his prepared comments, we still have a lot of opportunity to improve our market share on the West Coast.
Okay. Hey, on the last call, you guys were kind enough to give us longer-term expansion opportunities out of Lakeland. Would you be able to shed some color on how many stores, two, three, five years, you guys think you can have in the new market of the Northeast?
I would rather not speculate on that. We've not planned our distribution strategy up there yet. We'll have a lot of stores up there, I would be completely speculating to give you a count. Considering that we've not planned our distribution strategy and haven't done all the detailed market analysis that we'll need to do to define where we put DCs, how many DCs, how many stores they'll service, I would rather save that for another day.
Okay. Hey, one last one, if I may, Greg. If you take your commentary over the last four years in terms of the CSK stores year in and year out, outperforming the legacy stores. Our math would tell us that those stores today are doing one six and one seven, and I know that in the past your statement has been, our goal is to get them to one eight. Does there come a point in the not-too-distant future where maybe you revisit the longer-term opportunity on the revenue side for those former CSK stores?
We threw that 1.8 number out there early on just as a speculation as to where we thought those major metro market stores could get based on our experience in major metro markets in the core O’Reilly stores. We have never felt like that we would rest when we got to 1.8 because we obviously are going to try to gain as much market share as we can. Yeah, we have gained a lot of market share in the Western CSK stores. The Upper Midwest, Chicago, Detroit stores, the gains there have been somewhat affected by the weather events that us and our competitors have talked about to some degree. If I carve those out and look just at the regular CSK stores, we have come a long way in getting to the average that we talked about.
Yeah, at some point we may talk about a different target. Again, the idea is this target early on was just to give some idea for analysts as to where we thought we could take the majority of those stores. It's not an internal target by any means. Our internal target is to gain as much market share as we possibly can, and there's a very detailed evaluation on a by-store basis as to what we feel like our market entitlement should be, and our store managers and District Managers and Regional Managers are out there today striving to get us to that point.
Okay, thanks Greg, congratulations on an outstanding year.
Thank you, Alan.
Your next question comes from the line of Gary Balter with Credit Suisse.
Thank you. Hi, Greg. Hi, Tom.
Hey, Gary.
David, if you're on.
Yeah, I'm here. Hi, Gary.
Haven't talked to you for a while. Good speaking with you and congrats on how well the company's done.
Thanks, Gary.
Just a question, Greg and David and Tom and everybody. Your results kind of in the middle of last year kind of slowed down and joined the pack, and since then, you've gotten back to doing much stronger results than we've seen from the other public competitors, at least. What changed in your mind? Like, was there a refocus on maybe operational excellence? Could you talk about what got you re-motivated and we're seeing it in the results?
Well, we don't feel like we ever weren't motivated, we worked really hard to drive sales in the fourth quarter. We worked hard through the summer, too. We're very consistent executors of our business model, we didn't change anything in the fourth quarter. We did go through a process of evaluating some supply chain opportunities that we had as far as making inventory available on a same-day basis to more stores and looking at some of the newer stores whose inventory could potentially yield better results if it was a little larger, we went through this process of investing in inventory last year that we think has generated some good results. I would say that we've tried no harder in the fourth quarter to drive sales than we did in the second and third quarter.
I think some of the changes that we made from a supply chain standpoint and from an inventory availability standpoint have benefited us and will for the long term.
Thank you.
Yeah, thanks.
Your next question comes from the line of Matthew Fassler with Goldman Sachs.
Thanks a lot, and good morning to you. First of all, you alluded when you discussed gross margin to the capitalization of certain distribution costs associated with inventory accumulation, I know we hear about this periodically. It feels like more in the auto parts sector than in some other industries. Can you just give us a brief refresher on how this accounting works? I think you discussed this being a barrier or hurdle for you as you enter 2013.
Jeff, do you want to handle that one or pass it on to you?
When we look at our merchandise, we have the cost of the product and we have the cost of getting the product into a saleable position. As we move inventory into the DCs, it has a certain additional value that gets capitalized. As we move it into the stores, it has even a higher value. As we sell that merchandise, we expense not only the cost of the merchandise, but the cost to get it in place. As the inventory in the stores rises, the value of the cost to get it in place rises on our balance sheet. To the extent that inventory and the cost to distribute stays the same over time, it has a net zero impact. When inventories go up, it is an offset to our distribution costs.
When inventories go down or don't go up as much year-over-year, it's less of an offset to our distribution costs. When we look at next year, we are going to have less of a build of inventory, less of a benefit from adding that value, it'll create a headwind.
The 15 basis points you discussed for the quarter, for the year.
That was the fourth quarter number. The third quarter number was larger than that's versus 2011. When we look at our headwind for 2013, it's going to be a little bit more than that for total.
A little bit more nickel in the other way, you're saying?
Correct.
Okay. Just another follow-up on gross margin. Clearly, as you've gained commercial share and CSK has achieved incremental commercial penetration, there's some headwind to your gross margin that in part offsets some of the other things that have gone right. On that line item, can you give us a rough quantification of what that drag has been in any given year, whether that number's moved around a lot over the past few years?
I would tell you, when we originally purchased CSK, when we looked at what the professional side was and what we thought the margin impact was going to be, our expectation was it was going to be a pretty significant number. What I tell you is over the last four years, it's really been a net zero. CSK was selling a lot of items that weren't hard parts, that didn't create great margin. As we've transitioned the business away from ancillary products to hard parts on both the DIY side and the professional side, those products in themselves generate a better POS margin. We've seen that balance.
Okay. Thank you so much.
Your next question comes from the line of Christopher Horvers with JPMorgan.
Thanks. Good morning, guys.
Good morning.
Can you give a little bit of a retrospective and forward look as to how you think about inflation, 2011, 2012, and 2013?
Tom, you want to speak to that?
I will be glad to. If we look at this year, we would say we had a below average inflation year. We'd expect, just like any retailer, to see 1.5% inflation for the year. As gross margins percentage stays the same and acquisition cost goes up, that helps to fund inflation in wages and inflation also in occupancy costs. If we look at 2012, we saw larger than normal rate and was a helper for comps in 2011 and about average in 2010.
2011 above the 1.5%, 2012 was below, and then sort of back to normal in 2013.
That would be our expectation.
A couple follow-up cleanup questions. On that headwind to capitalized inventory cost, should we think about that headwind in the back half as you cycle, or how does that play out?
When we look at the flow of our gross margin, we would expect the last two quarters to be a tougher compare because of that.
Okay. Then, Greg-
Slightly better in the first half of the year, slightly below in the second half of the year. Of course, with the backdrop of inflation and the pricing environment to be determined.
Yep. Greg, you mentioned on the cold weather seeing a pickup in the batteries. As you look out today, is it that the tough comparison, you're seeing it in the underlying data, but maybe we shouldn't expect to see an overall comp because of the compare, but you're seeing the lift actually underneath in batteries and brake pad and some of those other areas?
Yeah. Well, we haven't seen it so much in brake pads. We have seen it in batteries. Batteries are something that have a very specific life. When a battery dies, it's dead, and it's not going to work. You can charge it and maybe make it start the car again, or you can jumpstart it, but when it's dead, it's dead. Brakes are a different story. When a brake pad gets metal to metal, it's worn out and you're done. A lot of brakes in good times get replaced before they're worn out because as tires get rotated, people decide to go ahead and have their brake pads replaced at that time. Then from a corrosion standpoint, some of the brake components fail quicker because of corrosion due to salt on the roads and stuff like that.
What I was saying is that some of the parts that didn't get replaced, that would be more weather related, those will be replaced. It's just been pushed a little further in time, that we have seen an improvement in batteries, some of that could very well be due to the batteries that didn't fail last winter that failed during the summer or this winter.
Perfect. One final one. Would love to get your thoughts on how you're talking internally about the potential impact from the payroll tax increase. Thank you.
Tom, you want to take that?
That's something that we, like any other retailer, want to see people walking around with money in their pockets. To date, we haven't seen a significant change from that, but that will be a headwind this year, as our type of customer has less discretionary income to spend. That's built within our comp expectations.
Tough to see anything quite yet.
Correct.
Perfect. Thanks very much.
Thanks.
Ladies and gentlemen, we've reached the allotted time for questions. I will now turn the call back over to Greg Henslee, Chief Executive Officer.
Thanks, Yumiki. We would like to conclude our call today by again thanking our 53,000 members of Team O'Reilly for their commitment to providing the best customer service in our industry. 2012 was another record-breaking year for our company, and our continued success is the direct result of your hard work. As we look forward to 2013, I'm confident that we are well-positioned to continue our strong record of profitable growth, supported by your dedication to the fundamental concept that taking care of every customer every day is the key to our long-term success. I'd like to thank everyone for joining our call today. We're very proud of our performance in 2012, and we look forward to reporting our first quarter 2013 results in April. Thank you.
This concludes today's conference call. You may now disconnect.