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Goldman Sachs Communacopia & Technology Conference

Sep 7, 2023

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

I think we're gonna get going with our next session. I know people are moving from room to room, but in the interest of time, and for the webcast, let's move on. Our next session is with Upwork. We've got Hayden Brown, President and CEO, Erica Gessert, CFO. Hayden, Erica, thanks for being part of the conference this year.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Thanks for having us.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

Great to be here.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay, so, Hayden, to level set, I think, one of the things that's been interesting to us has been one of the themes here at the conference has been macro, what's going on in the broader economy. There's a lot going on in your business that you've been talking about over the last 6, 9, 12 months. Bring us up to speed on your latest messaging on what's happening on the demand side of the platform and how your business continues to evolve.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Sure.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Both against secular growth and then the demand environment.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Sure. So we saw in Q2, you know, it was a quarter of mixed market signals, I would say. It was o n the enterprise side, which, as you know, is a smaller part of our business, we continued to see a lot of the same trends we had seen in Q1, in terms of, companies operating with some degree of caution, similar kind of sales cycle elongation to what we had seen in prior quarters. So nothing really different in Q2 versus Q1 from that standpoint. However, our team was executing better through that environment, and we could talk more about that. But definitely we, you know, were doing a lot of things that we had made changes in the business around how we were going against that demand opportunity and kind of the environment that we're facing.

And then there's the marketplace side of our business, which is the larger part of our business, and I'd say in Q2 we saw stronger resiliency there. Definitely client spending continued to improve. I think smaller businesses, which are the more kind of representative segment in that part of our business, you know, are feeling maybe more confident with the macro this quarter than they were feeling in the previous quarter, and that showed through in a lot of our numbers. So, you know, I wouldn't say we saw major changes, but definitely those are some of the dynamics that characterize the quarter for us.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay. So moving aside from shorter- term demand, you've introduced this concept of sort of aligning the business for land and expand against the bigger market opportunity. So just level set for those who don't know it as well, the market opportunity you're going after and how the land versus expand strategy fits into that.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Sure. So we have always had this tremendous self-service product with our marketplace that's been around now for 20+ years and has been extremely successful. But as we look at opening up this $1 trillion+ market opportunity, a lot of the clients that we seek to serve are larger enterprise clients, many of whom have already been working with us in a self-service capacity for many years. But really, to fully unlock that opportunity, we have been building an enterprise team and enterprise product to really serve that part of the market, and there's very specific needs those customers have.

So the land and expand motion there, which we've been really building that team for a number of years now, is really about both selling into these larger customers on the land side, and that can be upselling customers who are already maybe using us a little bit ad hoc in the marketplace, but maybe don't have a full-blown Upwork program, and that's really landing them as an enterprise account, building a strategic program, unlocking a much bigger spend opportunity with them. And that's where our land team will identify those accounts, sell them our enterprise product offering, and then the expand team will go through and really work to find more and more champions and buyers across the organization who can be adopting Upwork.

That could be, again, with existing marketplace customers who might be dabbling, and then also, for sure, customers that are either inbounding to us just to find out what they can do with Upwork through our enterprise program, as well as some outbound activity as well.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

I would just add on to that, just, you know, on the land and expand sides of the enterprise business, there's a lot of focus on kind of adding logos and you know, continuing to build the land side, which is important. But I would just emphasize, having come from a large enterprise company myself, that the expand side of the opportunity is also enormous for us. You know, really kind of getting our foot in the door is usually in kind of one category within the enterprise business, and there's an enormous amount of opportunity to kind of expand within these companies and offer the Upwork product. Yeah.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Well, and one of the things we've talked about before is obviously you're going after this large addressable market opportunity of how work and talent is shifting in the way it's being deployed in the broader economy. Where are we in the cycle of enterprises coming around to understanding this economic opportunity of how to think about these platforms as talent acquisition and aligning talent against their needs?

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

They are definitely waking up to the reality that this is a segment of the market that they need to have a strategy for. You know, the data is there. I mean, we've seen consecutive quarters and years now of more and more of the labor market moving in this direction. You know, more than 50 million Americans are freelancing today. Large enterprises know this. They know this also because when they go to source the talent that they need from their traditional suppliers, they can no longer find it, and they also see the data that shows successive generations in the workforce are freelancing at greater and greater levels. We see more than 40% of Generation Z today is freelancing. So large enterprises are definitely aware that they need to have a talent strategy that taps into freelance and flexible workers.

They also know that this is critical to tap into the younger generation of workers. What they're not always sure is how to do that and how to engage, to build kind of enterprise-grade programs to do this and to do it at scale, and that's where they come to us for those answers. And that's where we're really. We have the tools, we have the technology, we have the know-how, we have the full suite of solutions that help them unlock that opportunity.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay, understood. And flipping it on the other side, you know, when you go in and try to build awareness and build the client growth side on enterprise, what are some of the friction points you're still running into? How much of it is education curve? How much of it is things you need to build to address the market opportunity, because enterprises come back and want certain levels of flexibility or product from you? How is that back and forth with enterprise clients continuing to evolve?

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Yeah, I mean, it gets easier every year and with every customer. I think, you know, more and more of them are seeing what's happening in the market. They're seeing what their peers are doing, and often, you know, what we see with specific customers is once you get a foothold in, and this goes to the expand strategy that Erica was talking about, once you're in a specific department or part of the business, and the customers are seeing those gains, whether it's access to talent that they didn't have before, cost savings that that department is getting, that is just mind-blowing, or speed, that's another huge one where people are getting work done on our platform so much faster. I mean, I was talking to someone at our customer conference last week who said, Hayden, we delivered a project on Upwork in two weeks.

It would've taken us nine months to get that work done in our organization because of the bureaucracy, because of the vendor sourcing requirements, because of what that would have taken. And we hear that all the time from our customers. So once we see those wins, and once the internal team at that client is seeing those wins, we're really socializing that out and making sure that that's visible because that, that is really, like, the proof point that they need to get more departments, more champions involved in the work. But it's. You know, it does take change, and it's, you know, change management and awareness that does, you know, take some time, Eric.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay. You've also made pricing changes to the platform. Can you walk us through the elements of the decision to make those pricing changes, what some of the key learnings have been, and how you think about price as a, a dynamic for the platform for the long- term?

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Yeah, absolutely. I think the level set on this one is everything we do around pricing and packaging is anchored in incentives and unlocking the full value of Upwork for our customers and, of course, for our shareholders. And so we've made a number of changes over the last few years. All of those are premised on how do we create the right incentives and vehicles for customers to adopt Upwork at the fullest? So starting in 2 years ago, we launched a client price plan change, and that was really about unlocking the full benefits that were previously behind a subscription paywall and making those available to all of our customers in the free plan. Things like more invitations that they could send out to talent on jobs, advanced searching and filtering capabilities, access to premium talent.

So many things that they would really use to grow their usage of Upwork available to everyone, but with a slight price increase for our free plan, with the introduction of a client fee. So that was the first price change we made a year before last year. This year, we recognized that the tiered services fee that we have with our freelancer side pricing, where previously they've been paying 20%, 10%, 5% on a sliding scale on relationships, that they form on Upwork, was really not serving our objectives perfectly in terms of getting them the most work that they could get on our platform. And this is because freelancers were pricing that 20% fee that they only pay for the first $500 they earn into the full length of the contract.

And so when they were bidding on jobs, their bids were actually dampening the client demand because clients were seeing these higher bids that were pricing in as if they were paying a 20% fee for the duration of the contract. So by taking that fee down to 10% flat for the entire duration of the contract, we were actually able to drive lower pricing for clients because talents are bidding a smaller fee.

And then they're pricing, like, our lower fee into their, into their bids, and that means clients are actually posting and filling more jobs on our platform. So those are some examples of how we're driving the pricing changes to unlock core value for customers, and then that flows through with expanded take rate, better margins, etc., as well.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

Yeah, we do have other monetization, you know, opportunities on the platform, right? We have an ads product. We have other kind of monetization areas of the platform that are opportunities for us now that we continue to experiment with and will be on an ongoing basis as well.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay, understood. You've been on quite a rollercoaster with respect to the theme of AI over the last 3-6 months.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Who hasn't?

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

Yeah.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

So first of all, we're at a tech conference, so I can't. This is probably the longest I've gone all week without mentioning AI yet, so now we're gonna talk about AI. But in particular, it was interesting. You know, I think the initial reaction from the investment community was worry about AI, and then I think you injected an interesting narrative about AI as an opportunity on this last earnings call. Talk about the way you're thinking about artificial intelligence and what it might do for your platform, not only both outwardly as a business driver, but also internally in terms of driving process and efficiencies.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

This is such an exciting topic for us. So let's spend the next 25 minutes on it.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

So I'd say we have a couple huge opportunities here. One of them is serving the world as the destination for AI-related talent. Talent with the skills that everyone is looking for to both deploy AI models, whether it's primary models that customers like ours are trying to build into their, their systems, or just figuring out, if I'm a small business, how do I incorporate some of the things that are out there into my, my tool chain or my offering right now? So there's a ton of energy right now where clients are coming to us.

We've seen a 1,000% increase between Q2 and Q4 in job posts, 1,300% increase in searches on our site, with people coming and looking for talent with these skills, and I think this is just the beginning, as we all know, of where this opportunity can go. There's also this tremendous opportunity around talent in our marketplace, adopting and using these tools to become better, faster, and more effective at what they do. And talent in the freelance economy in general always moves super fast to upskill, to adopt new tools. I mean, they're motivated to do this because this puts food on the table for them right now. They move faster than captive employees inside larger corporations to do this, and every time there's a technology change, a new tool, anything like that, the data shows freelancers always adopt faster.

So we intrinsically benefit from this at Upwork, but there's more we are doing to make sure that our talent specifically have better access to some of these tools. So we cut a deal with Jasper.ai and have a number of other partners lined up to provide access at a preferential rate through our own product so that our talent can be adopting these tools at faster rates. And we already see across the 125+ categories we serve talent using these tools to deliver better outcomes for clients. And that's a big opportunity because our flywheel moves faster when clients are getting better outcomes at better rates, and doing so even more competitively versus maybe what they're getting in-house from their team or from alternative solutions. The third big opportunity for us is, as you mentioned, the solutions we're launching in the market.

Our own product has tremendous topography. I mean, we serve a huge ecosystem of everything from hiring and matching, you know, clients and talents together, delivering the work product on our site, and also delivering payments. And so within our own product suite, we've already begun launching AI-related features using g enerative AI tools, such as a job post generator, which we launched, which has already shown more than 50% increase in the time—like, accelerating the time it takes for people to get through that job post experience because they're not starting with a blank sheet. We're pre-writing the job post for them, they're editing it, they're customizing it, and then getting a better work product because of that. We've launched two other AI-related features already.

So we're launching a bunch of things in our own product to capitalize on what generative AI can do for our customers. And this is, again, early days-

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

In some of the things that we have in mind, in terms of the roadmap there. And then, of course, we ourselves are using the tools.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Yeah.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Our team is becoming more effective, you know-

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

... using GitHub Copilot and some other things to become really efficient in how we're doing our work.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay. There's a lot there that we have to watch and monitor.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

I told you there's a lot!

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

In the coming years. Let's turn to the talent side of the equation. You know, a year ago, we were looking at a labor market that was very, very tight and a lot of flexibility at the enterprise level. Now, we're looking at different elements of a labor market. How has the talent side of the equation evolved in the last 12 months? And how should we be thinking about growing and scaling the available talent on the platform to meet the demand you're looking for on the hiring side?

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

You know, the talent that we work with is incredible, and whenever there is a platform shift or, like the technology shift we're seeing with generative AI, an economic shift, the talent continually leads the way, around these opportunities. And what I mean by that is, we're already seeing talent on our platform move very rapidly to fulfill the demand that we see coming in the door around AI as a key skill set. Not just in the machine learning categories we serve, but also, clients saying, "You know, I want to hire people who are using the best tools, who can teach me how to use tools, and, and that might be in a marketing category or in a design category. So what we're seeing with talent is a rapid adoption of these tools. We're also seeing...

For example, we cut an amazing partnership with OpenAI, where they actually were not able to find the talent to service their own clients with the talent to deploy OpenAI tools and APIs. So we did a deal with them where we jointly created the AI Services Hub, and OpenAI Experts on Upwork, specifically vetted talent that they couldn't find anywhere else to give their customers, people who are qualified with very specific skills that OpenAI needed to give their customers to deliver on deploying those tools and models. And I think that's a great example of how talent in our ecosystem is upskilling themselves, adopting these tools, learning how to do things with this technology that you can't just go out and easily get certified or take a degree, you know, a course to learn this stuff.

People are doing it on the ground, learning by doing, and becoming exceptionally good at this work, and meeting the bar of even some of the most discerning, you know, customers in the world, such as OpenAI, who actually is also a customer of ours.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

But that worked with us in a partnership capacity, to find a unique pool of talent to serve their end customers in this way. So we're seeing some really interesting dynamics around that.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

OpenAI is really just the beginning, I think, of these types of partnerships. We have many, many other kind of, you know, businesses in this space who are kinda lining up behind OpenAI to kinda work with us-

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Absolutely

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

On expert vetting and those types of things.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

So, so we've talked a lot about where the platform's going from a growth standpoint. Bring it all together for us on product innovation. You know, when you think about where you're trying to align to grow and innovate going forward, reflect back on some of the things you're the most intrigued by that can be amplifiers of market adoption or growth in the year ahead, and how you think about, you know, you and the team spending time and effort around scaling those innovations.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Yeah. We have a plethora of opportunities and so I'd say, you know, what we've been working on, that you've already seen us take to market, has been really shifting over the last few years from being a freelancer marketplace with one way of doing work, which has historically been our post-a-job hiring model, to a work marketplace, which is the place where you can come find the talent you need, find the solution you need to get work done through many different ways, whether it's posting a job, whether it's hiring someone through Project Catalog, whether it's hiring a full-time worker, who now we have a full-time offering as of this year. There's a variety of ways that we see clients coming to Upwork with a range of demands.

To unlock that full world of work for them that they need, that full, share of wallet that, Erica was mentioning earlier, we've realized that we need to serve them with a multitude of models. So we've already been innovating on that full work marketplace ecosystem that has been core to our product strategy, and you will continue to see us doubling down on that work ecosystem strategy, refining what those offerings look like, in the year ahead.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay. I wanna turn to the margin side of the equation. You went through a restructuring, coming out of last year and into this year. Talk a little bit about what the cost savings that have been garnered from that restructuring, how we should be thinking about the trajectory of that, not only this year, but over the medium to long- term.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

Yeah, maybe I'll take that one. You know, I came into the business in, you know, as we reported Q1 earnings, and we announced a kind of a series of cost cutting at that time, really largely in two places. One was in, on the brand marketing side, another was kind of right-sizing the enterprise sales force. And, you know, those were the initial announcements we made. I kind of came into the business. I was consulted on those as I sort of came in. And we, you know, agreed very quickly, as I was entering the business, that we would, you know, take on a, you know, sort of more programmatic, multi-quarter, you know, efficiency endeavor within Upwork, and so that's. We're engaged in that now.

I would say, you know, we showed some good margin improvements with the initial steps we took in Q2 when we reported Q2. You know, the expectation is that, you know, the actions we took in Q1 will continue to show benefits and margin improvements throughout the year, and that's reflected in our guidance. We'll continue to find efficiencies in the business. I think there are lots of places to go. I consider this a multi-quarter endeavor, and you know, we're committed to showing, you know, year-by-year margin improvement as we continue to execute. I think the nature of this marketplace business is that it's relatively high margin, and we can, you know, find those opportunities and then take them and reinvest in organic growth.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

So I don't know if this is for you, Erica, or Hayden. You want to weigh in as well, but just sticking with this theme of Sales force. It's.

A topic Hayden and I have talked about on a couple of different earnings calls over the last year or so. Where are we now in terms of productivity in the sales force? How happy are you with the ramp you continue to build in terms of productivity? And you've made some hiring in the enterprise business on the GM side. How should we think about the enterprise go-to-market strategy, scaling the sales force, driving productivity in the sales force, and where we are in that journey?

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Yeah. Do you want to talk about productivity, and then I'll-

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

Yeah. I mean, the initial steps we took from a productivity point of view have already shown good yield, where we've improved, you know. I think our revenue per sales rep went up 100% kind of quarter-over-quarter. And we're pretty committed to Zoë Diamadi's just come into the business. She's the new H ead General Manager of an enterprise BU. And, you know, she and I are very committed to, you know, being quite, I would say, judicious about how we think about yield per sales rep and other things like that, as we kind of continue to grow and scale the enterprise business. We expect it to continue to grow and scale, and so we'll kind of grow into that.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Yeah.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

But we're going to hold pretty, pretty rigid.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Yeah, and just to add to that, Zoë's been a huge, huge addition to the team, and she's just... She started at the end of June, so she's not that far into it yet.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Right.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

But, I think what you'll see in terms of the productivity improvements going forward will be, you know, it'll be uneven progress because as she's sort of, you know, testing different initiatives, what's great about Zoë is she has this great R&D mindset. You know, she comes in with this, you know, "Let's have a pod of, reps that's really testing and driving maybe new talk tracks or new sales approaches or some other things that we want to test out. Once we see those things working, roll them out to the team. If things aren't working, we'll go to the next set of experiments. So she'll be testing some of those things.

We'll see those productivity improvements, kind of episodically coming through the team, which will be awesome, and I think that will continue to inform that side of the enterprise sales equation, even as she's also driving product enhancements and other things because she is the full GM that has responsibility over all of those pieces of the enterprise puzzle.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Got it. Okay. Hayden, maybe this one I'll start with you. You know, brand marketing, as we were exiting last year, you were talking about leaning in the brand marketing and wanting that to be an area of focus to drive the business forward. And then obviously, the macro volatility started to play out in the early part of this year, and you made some changes in the strategy around brand marketing. Want to go back first and then forward. What were some of the key learnings from when you leaned in to the brand marketing-

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Yeah

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

strategy that sticks with you today? And how should we think about the evolution of the brand marketing strategy if the macro environment were to stabilize, improve, you know, be at a different point somewhere down the road? How to think about that journey for brand marketing.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Sure. Learnings included, you know, we saw some really huge gains in terms of our brand awareness with the key segments of clients that we were targeting over the time of our investment in brand, and in particular, since the campaign we launched in September of last year. So, that was a. You know, we really saw the work that we did was incredibly effective in driving the awareness numbers up. Now, there's still a lot of headroom to go in terms of, like, growing those numbers more, and we're very aware that that is an opportunity for us. But I think we learned that, you know, investing in high-quality, cut-through creative that really has a message that people are going to remember. You know, some of our campaigns were a little bit polarizing for some people.

They're like: Oh, who's that dead guy, Jack? Like, what's going on there?" But the feedback we got actually was overwhelmingly positive.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

Memorability was high.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Memorability was high. People were, like, singing me the tune, you know, from the song at various points. And so, I think investing in really great creative work did pay off in terms of driving the awareness that we're looking for. The reality was, in this year, coming to the year, kind of coming forward point, you know, we didn't feel in this environment, given where businesses were, what we saw, you know, in Q1 was a lot of businesses were kind of just freezing spend across the board-

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Yeah

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

or pu lling down spend across the board. I mean, they were making decisions. It was like, shoot first and ask questions later. And in this environment, we said, You know what? This is not the best investment of our resources, and we think there's better ways we can use our capital, but we will circle back in, you know, different environment, different future, and really reassess, is brand spend going to be effective, you know, in a different context? Because for us, and where our awareness is still, you know, not where we want it to be, that could be a kind of appetizing strategy for us.

In the meantime, though, we are, of course, building brand and acquisition through kind of more, kind of close to the dollar channels, and I think that is very effective, you know, in the here and now for what this environment represents.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay. Understood. Let's talk about, you, you guys have talked longer- term around where you wanna take margins in the business, from a longer- term perspective. For those investors who are a little less familiar, talk a little bit about the margin journey you expect to be on over the next couple of years when you get to a certain scale of revenue and a certain scale of margin. And then maybe I'll unpack that with a couple of follow-ups, if, if possible.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

Uh, yeah.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Do you wanna start out with that one?

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

I would be happy to. So I mean, look, I think, like I said, I think from a margin perspective, this is a naturally high margin business. I think we also wanna invest into the very large TAM potential that this business has. And so it should be both a top and bottom-line growth business. So I think, you know, we like I said, we're very committed to kind of steadily growing margins, you know, period by period, quarter- by- quarter, year- by- year. And we think we can do that and reinvest into the business, to grow top line.

I think, you know, we certainly are kind of looking at the kind of Rule of 40 construct and saying, Hey, you know, how and when do we wanna hit that? and that we're working through that right now. I would say that's probably one of my major jobs as a new CFO is to work through that framework and the timeline. And so we'll come back to you with that, you know, in pretty short order. But, like I say, I think we wanna put together a framework that is gonna grow both top and bottom line.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Maybe just one follow-up with the full acknowledgment. I understand the business planning process. Just what are some of the key variables you want investors to keep in mind? How much of it is about just building revenue scale in the business versus elements of amplifying higher levels of return on absolute spend in the business over the long- term? Just understanding some of the qualitative variables that are at play when you think about building towards your long-term margin structure.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

Yeah. Look, I think, I mean, in general, we're, you know, we're going through a process right now of, you know. The organization shifted into kind of a business unit structure about a year ago. We're going through a process now of really refining the contribution margin of these businesses and thinking through, you know, the yield, the kind of yield per. You know, within the business. Not just within the business units, but within individual business lines, within the marketplace business, and thinking through like, you know, where do we get the best yield per dollar within these various business lines?

So that's a process we're going through right now, but that's how we're thinking about the business, and we're really gonna be running it on an individual business line basis between enterprise, marketplace, and then within marketplace, and the individual product.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Understood. Okay. So a couple of follow-ups before we wrap up. When you think about bringing it all together, Hayden, and you've talked about where you want the platform to go and some of the product innovation you're doing, talk about your priorities for allocating capital against growth, but also looking at your balance sheet, looking at your potential margin structure longer- term, and striking the right balance between margin expansion, maybe returns to shareholders-

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Yeah

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

as well as getting the growth algorithm right.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

Sure. You know, we're very committed to durable, profitable growth in this business, and we know we can drive that profitability profile of this business. As Erica mentioned, it's a, it's a very healthy marketplace business that has great attributes, while also investing in growth. And so I think we are very clear about kind of what our envelope is for investing, how we wanna continue to drive margin expansion over time, and also preserve the capital we need to drive the unlock in a market that is still in its very early days.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

Yeah.

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

You know, we are going after a trillion-dollar market opportunity. We are early in unlocking that. Product innovation is gonna be part of that. At some point, we probably will wanna expand the sales team when the market, you know, and other conditions maybe are slightly more favorable. And so I think the good news is we can do both. We can continue to have that margin expansion and invest in key unlocks for the business as we see those things coming up. And also, as you've seen with some of the decisions recently, we know we'll pull back. And when we see things that either aren't working or aren't working at this moment in time, we move very quickly to make those decisions, and be very dynamic around resource allocation, which I think is important.

Erica Gessert
CFO, Upwork

You can see the dynamic in our, you know, expense line items, right? I mean, you know, G&A is down year-over-year, sales and marketing down year-over-year. We've kind of pulled back in areas, you know, looked at overhead, looked at that stuff. But, you know, R&D is up, you know, 24% year-over-year in the last quarter. We're investing into the business, and we're still able to grow margins, and that's the beauty of this business, and we can keep doing that. We're committed to growing cash flow at the same time. Now, you know, there's still decisions to make about what we're gonna do with that cash, and that's another part of the process.

But it's, you know, we're able to kind of do it all in those areas.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

You jarred me a little bit there, Hayden, with something I should have asked you earlier, 'cause you framed it interesting. One of the questions we get a lot from investors is how to think about competition. And I think it's more valuable to hear it from you than what, when I say it to investors. But I think you generally frame it, if I'm correct, around disrupting the old way of doing things and some of the shifts in-

talent and work in the broader marketplace. How do you think about competition versus other players in labor marketplaces, versus just elements of the seismic shift in the way some of the enterprises might change in which they allocate talent and projects?

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

I mean, you're right. I think our biggest competition is, like, the old way of working and people's, frankly, their outdated mindsets about what's possible. So that is more of what we focus on than any specific, you know, category players or other competitors. I think. You know, I've been in this company almost 12 years now, and I have seen, you know, every year, every quarter, there are new entrants, people coming out of the business, coming into the business. In this category, it's very rich.

And yet it's extremely hard for any of them to scale and get to a level of scale such as we have with tremendous, you know, clients and talents, the data asset we have, which I think will become even more profound as an asset with the AI kind of revolution that's happening and how we can use that to the advantage of our customers. And then everything we've built around that in terms of trust and safety mechanisms, you know, the product itself, including the enterprise product, which is extremely unique in terms of what it delivers from compliance, protections, reporting, integrations with other enterprise tools. So I feel great about our position and what I've seen, you know, over the years in terms of continuing to pull ahead in this market, even as, you know, others do really interesting things.

That, I think it's hard to build and scale a marketplace business like this one. We know very well that challenge, and just stay laser focused on, you know, innovating these solutions that we think will take it forward for our customers.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay, so we're gonna bring it all together in the last question. You know, if we're sitting here a year from now, what should investors come away from this conversation thinking about as you and your team's key priorities, whether it's about investing in the business or executing on product or executing on the opportunity, that you're the most focused on getting right in the next 12 twelve months?

Hayden Brown
President and CEO, Upwork

You know, what we're gonna nail is driving profitable growth within the framework we've outlined. That's unambiguous, and the vehicle for doing that is gonna be product innovation and growth in the enterprise, those two things. I mean, those things go hand in hand. They power each other. You know, the enterprise business doesn't grow without the product, and certainly enterprise customers power part of the whole marketplace experience in terms of the quality and kind of aspirational aspect of what that represents for us. I think both of tho

se will be huge parts of our winning strategy going forward.

Eric Sheridan
Managing Director, Goldman Sachs

Okay. Hayden, Erica, thanks so much for being part of the conference. Appreciate the opportunity to have the conversation. Please join me in thanking Upwork for being part of the conference this year.

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