Hello, and welcome to WESCO's second quarter earnings call. I would like to remind you that all lines are on listening- only mode through the presentation. If you would like to ask a question, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. Please note that this event is being recorded. I would now hand the call over to Scott Gaffner, Senior Vice President of Investor Relations, to begin.
Thank you, and good morning, everyone. Before we get started, I wanted to remind you that certain statements made on this call contain forward-looking information. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance and by their nature are subject to inherent uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially. Please see our webcast slides as well as the company's SEC filings for additional risk factors and disclosures. Any forward-looking information relayed on this call speaks only as of this date, and the company undertakes no obligation to update the information to reflect the changed circumstances. Additionally, today, we will use certain non-GAAP financial measures. Required information about these non-GAAP measures is available in our webcast slides and in our press release, both of which are posted on our website at wesco.com.
On this call this morning, we have John Engel, WESCO's Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer, and Dave Schulz, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer. Now I'll turn it over to John.
Thank you, Scott. Good morning, everyone. It's a pleasure to be with you today. As you saw from our earnings release earlier this morning, the beat goes on in terms of the value creation of WESCO's new business model as we pass the second anniversary of our transformational combination with Anixter. Our second quarter results were exceptional. We once again set new company records for sales, backlog, margin, and profitability. Importantly, leverage is now back within our target range, and it's a full year earlier than what we guided the market to expect after we completed the Anixter merger in June of 2020. Our momentum continues to build as we outperform the market and deliver superior value to our customers. The power of our newfound scale, expanded portfolio, and industry-leading positions is made clear each and every quarter. Strong demand in our end markets continues.
Each of our three strategic business units again delivered double-digit sales and profit growth in the quarter, driven by the ongoing success of our enterprise-wide cross-selling and gross margin improvement programs. Overall, we delivered impressive organic sales growth of 21%. Record profitability of 8%+ adjusted EBITDA margin, which is a first for WESCO now to deliver above 8%, a very important mark, and adjusted EPS growth of 59% versus the prior year. You will recall that we substantially raised our outlook for the year after our excellent first quarter results. As a result of our outstanding second quarter results and the strong execution across our business, we are again raising our outlook for 2022.
Along with this raise, I want to highlight that our increased profitability continues to fuel our investment in advanced digital capabilities, which is expected to result in an even higher level of performance, operating efficiency, and customer loyalty. Dave will review our financial results and address our higher full-year outlook in more detail shortly. Before I hand it off to Dave, I plan to address our transformational results versus our pre-pandemic levels, as well as our uniquely strong position to capitalize on the attractive secular growth trends in our end markets. Now turning to page five. The demonstrated strength of our business model and the success of our integration efforts over the last two years have established a track record of superior results for the new WESCO.
The strength of the new WESCO is best measured by the value we have created since the merger closed in June of 2020. This page highlights our record first half 2022 results as compared to our pro forma first half pre-pandemic results in 2019. As you can see clearly, we have outperformed the market, delivered impressive sales growth and margin expansion, and achieved record profitability, all while rapidly de-leveraging our balance sheet. While we're pleased with this progress, we're even more excited because there's still substantial value to be generated from the transformational combination of WESCO and Anixter, and we are confident in a future of sustained growth and market outperformance. Now moving to Page 6.
Providing our global customers with end-to-end solutions, that is including the products and supply chain services that make our customers more efficient and more effective, is what drives us each and every day. We are executing at a very high level, and we are exceptionally well positioned to capitalize on the strong secular growth trends and increasing investments in public sector infrastructure outlined on this page. These long-term trends are driving secular growth in each of our three global business units and across our entire global enterprise. We raised our cumulative sales synergy target again this quarter, now up to $1.2 billion. It's important to note that this is 7x the original target we set prior to the merger close. Our accelerating cross-selling, selling momentum is fueling our market outperformance and growth.
As I've said before, the new WESCO is transforming into a growth company. We have a record backlog, an expanding cross-sell program, a growing opportunity pipeline, and very positive momentum overall. And this is an important but, we are only in the early stages of unlocking our total growth and potential. With that, I'll now turn the call over to Dave.
Thanks, John, and good morning, everyone. Thank you for joining our call. I'll start on Slide 8 with a summary of our second quarter results compared to the prior year. As John mentioned, second quarter sales were a record, and cross-sell in the quarter exceeded our expectations. Our ability to cross-sell WESCO and Anixter products and services contributed more than $200 million of sales in the quarter, and we continued to benefit from price. On a reported basis, sales were up 19% over the prior year. On an organic basis, sales were up 21% as differences in foreign exchange rates represented a 160 basis points headwind in the quarter. We estimate pricing added approximately 8 points to sales growth in line with the first quarter, with the benefit primarily in our EES and UBS businesses.
The CSS business saw a low single-digit benefit from price and improved sequentially. Supply chain challenges have continued to impact certain pockets of our business. We estimate that the lack of availability of certain products from our suppliers reduced sales by approximately the same amount as in the first quarter of the year. We continued to strategically invest in inventory in the quarter to address these challenges, as well as support our strong backlog of future sales growth opportunities. Backlog reached another record level this quarter and was up more than 10% sequentially from March, and up more than 80% from the prior year. Each business unit posted backlog increases of more than 60% above the prior year. As we start the third quarter, demand has continued to be strong. Preliminary July results are encouraging, with sales up approximately 17% year-over-year.
Gross margin was our highest ever at 21.7% in the quarter, up 70 basis points versus the prior year and up 40 basis points sequentially. This result was primarily driven by our gross margin improvement program, the effective pass-through of supplier price increases, and the absence of a COVID-related PPE inventory write-down in the prior year period. Recall, the impact of the PPE write-down was 20 basis points in the prior year quarter. Adjusted EBITDA, which excludes merger-related and integration costs, stock-based compensation, and other net adjustments, was 44% higher than the prior year and represented 8.1% of sales, an all-time high watermark for the company and 140 basis points higher than the prior year.
This result was driven by the combination of increased gross margin, a scaled benefit of higher sales, and realized cost synergies from our merger with Anixter. I'll walk you through the main drivers of this improvement in a moment. Adjusted diluted earnings per share for the quarter was $4.19, also an all-time record and up nearly 60% from the prior year. The primary driver of this increase was core operations, but included headwinds related to foreign exchange rates, interest expense, the effective tax rate, and a higher share count, which collectively reduced adjusted diluted EPS by $0.39 in the quarter. The adjusted effective tax rate in the quarter was higher than our fiscal year outlook due to lower benefits from intercompany financing and discrete tax items. Turning to Page 9.
You can see that the higher sales and expanded gross margin drove the $135 million increase in adjusted EBITDA. We also recognized the benefit of incremental cost synergies of $66 million in the quarter on a run rate basis or $22 million incremental to the prior year quarter. As you'd expect in strong demand in an inflationary environment, we continue to experience higher volume-related operating costs, including shipping and sales commissions, as well as higher expenses for employee benefits and incentive compensation. Given our strong results, we continue to accrue short-term incentive compensation above target. Additionally, we recognize an incremental $8 million of expense associated with our long-term incentive programs, which we also anticipate will pay out above target.
Finally, in accordance with our plan, we incurred higher expenses related to our investment in systems and digital tools that offset a portion of the growth of adjusted EBITDA. Overall, we delivered strong operating leverage as we generated a 44% increase in adjusted EBITDA, more than 2x our organic sales growth of 21%. Moving to Slide 10. Sales in our EES segment were up 23% year-over-year in the second quarter on an organic basis. This growth reflects continued strong construction sales that were up double digits with the ongoing recovery of the non-residential market. We also continue to see increased momentum in our industrial and OEM businesses, supported by broad end market demand. Elevated bidding activity drove a further increase in our EES backlog from its record level in the prior quarter.
We also made progress on our cross-sell initiatives in our capturing demand, driven by the secular growth trends that John discussed earlier. Adjusted EBITDA was
Ladies and gentlemen, please remain holding. The call will resume momentarily. You may resume.
Good morning, everyone. It's Dave Schulz. We apologize. There was some technical difficulties with our service provider. I'm going to point you back towards Slide 11 of our webcast deck. Turning to Slide 11, sales in our CSS segment were up 12% versus the prior year on an organic basis. We saw strong growth in both network infrastructure and security solutions operating groups, driven by growth with security integrators, cloud applications, and wireless, as well as data center and hyperscale projects. While pleased with these results, CSS sales growth was not as robust as EES and UBS, primarily due to ongoing supply chain constraints in certain pockets of the industry that we discussed last quarter. We are helping our customers effectively navigate these challenges, and additionally, pricing in CSS was a low single-digit benefit versus the prior year, but did improve sequentially.
Backlog in CSS increased 7% sequentially from March to another record level, reflecting continued strong demand driven by the secular growth trends in our end markets. Profitability was also strong, with adjusted EBITDA of 9.4% of sales in the quarter, 40 basis points higher than the prior year, driven by operating leverage, integration cost synergies, and the execution of our margin improvement program. Turning to Slide 12. Organic sales in our UBS segment were exceptionally strong, up 29% versus the prior year on an organic basis. Utility demand has remained consistently strong as both our investor-owned utility and public power customers continue to invest in grid hardening and modernization.
Sales growth in our broadband business was also strong again this quarter, driven by continued demand for data and high-speed connectivity, including requirements for home-based applications. We continue to benefit from sales activity related to the federal government's Rural Digital Opportunity Fund. Backlog in UBS was up 25% sequentially and 140% versus the prior year, reflecting future benefit from strong end market demand. Adjusted EBITDA in the quarter was up 68% for UBS and adjusted EBITDA margin expanded 260 basis points to nearly 11% of sales. This growth was driven by the scale benefit of sales and gross margin expansion. Now moving to Page 13. The size of the cross-sell opportunity of combining WESCO and Anixter continues to exceed our expectations.
In Q2, we recognized more than $200 million of cross-sell revenue, our largest quarter to date, and up nearly 30% sequentially from Q1. Our pipeline of sales opportunities continues to expand and our cross-sell momentum continues to build. We are capitalizing on the complementary portfolio of products and services, as well as the minimal overlap between legacy WESCO and legacy Anixter customers. The size of this opportunity has turned out to be one of the most significant value drivers of the combination of WESCO plus Anixter. Recall that two quarters ago, we increased our cumulative cross-sell target to $600 million, and last quarter we increased it again to $850 million. Due to the continuing strength of this program, we are increasing our target again by 40% to $1.2 billion cumulatively by the end of 2023.
To date, we have generated $729 million of that target. Turning to Page 14. On this slide, we've highlighted three recent cross-sell awards. These wins represent approximately $50 million of year-one sales. However, all three are multiyear projects that extend as far as 2026. Collectively, these wins represent more than $165 million in total potential sales value over the next five years. In the first example, EES won a $12 million award to provide electrical cable, switchgear, and miscellaneous electrical equipment to support the construction of a 900,000 sq ft data center from a legacy Anixter customer and end user relationship. Our complete EES product offering and ability to provide an end-to-end solution drove this win.
In the second example, CSS leveraged a legacy Anixter product set and WESCO's TVC expertise to support a middle mile broadband build-out initiative. In the third example, UBS generated $10 million of initial sales to support a fiber network expansion project with a legacy Anixter customer by leveraging the unified sales team and legacy WESCO's comprehensive supply chain solutions. Our cross-sell momentum is building and clearly highlights the power of the combined portfolio. Turning to Slide 15. On the left side of this slide, you can see in the gray boxes that we realized cumulative run rate cost synergies of $188 million in 2021, $63 million in Q1, and $66 million in Q2.
Due to this progress, we are increasing our 2022 target by $15 million and now expect to realize $265 million of cost synergies in 2022. We remain on track to meet our expected target of $315 million by the end of 2023. Recall that these savings are relative to the 2019 pro forma base. On the right side of the slide, we've outlined the $315 million of cost savings by synergy type. In the chart, you can get a sense for the synergies that have been realized to date in each category. For example, the estimated $45 million in corporate overhead savings have now been fully realized. The largest remaining synergies are those that take longer to execute, including those related to supply chain and field operations. Turning to Page 16.
On this page, you will see a year-to-date bridge for the free cash flow, which was a cash draw of $293 million. Starting with adjusted net income and moving right, the $40 million source of cash primarily reflects a combination of depreciation and amortization, interest and income taxes. In total, working capital has been a $714 million use of cash in the first half, driven almost exclusively by increases in receivables due to our exceptionally strong sales growth, which has far exceeded normal seasonality. Inventory and payables offset each other in the first half as we continue to invest in inventory to support our backlog and manage through supply chain challenges. Lastly, the CapEx and IT spend reflects the investments related to our ongoing digital transformation consistent with our plan. Moving to Slide 17.
Reducing our leverage has been a top priority since we announced the acquisition of Anixter. In the second quarter, we reduced leverage by 0.2x trailing 12-month adjusted EBITDA and brought our leverage ratio down to 3.4x . This represents a decrease of 2.3x leverage turns since closing the acquisition in June 2020. We are now within our target range of 2x to 3.5x and returned leverage to that range a full 12 months faster than the target date provided to investors prior to the closing of the Anixter merger. This accelerated pace of deleveraging reflects the strength of our B2B distribution operating model. Moving to Page 18, we are again updating our full-year outlook based on this quarter's results.
Due to the strong demand trends we are seeing, the continued expansion of our backlog, significant growth of our cross-sell synergies, we are increasing our full-year outlook for sales growth from the previous range of 12%-15% to a range of 16%-18%. Our assumption for market growth is 12%-14%, including the benefit of price, which is an increase of 3% from our prior outlook. We expect the demand environment for our products, services, and solutions to continue to be strong. However, we recognize that supply chain constraints and the pace of inflation present some uncertainties for the second half of the year. Due to the strength of our cross-sell program, we are increasing our estimate for share gains in cross-sell from a range of 3%-4% to approximately 5%.
We are also updating our outlook regarding foreign exchange rates to reflect a headwind of approximately 1%. Lastly, keep in mind that 2022 has one more workday than 2021 that occurred in the first quarter, which we estimate will add one half point of growth in 2022. With regard to our business units, we continue to expect that EES and UBS businesses will be at or above the upper end of our sales range. CSS should be below the lower end of the range due to their experiencing less of a benefit from price relative to EES and UBS, as well as a larger impact to sales from supply chain disruptions.
Also recall that included in our outlook is a contract with a utility customer that will shift from a full revenue model to a service fee model, which will negatively impact sales by approximately half a point with no impact to EBITDA. For adjusted EBITDA margin, we are increasing our outlook to a range of 7.8%-8.0% of sales, fully above our prior range, primarily reflecting increased operating leverage on higher sales, as well as continued benefit from our gross margin improvement program. At the midpoint of this sales and EBITDA margin range, our full-year outlook for adjusted EBITDA is $1.68 billion and represents a substantial increase versus the midpoint of our prior outlook range of $1.54 billion and our original outlook midpoint of $1.33 billion.
We are also slightly increasing our effective tax rate outlook to a range of 24%-25% for 2022 based on the effective rate in the first half of the year. Our outlook does not assume any additional benefit from discrete items that we experienced in the first quarter. We are also increasing our adjusted EPS outlook to a range of $15.60-$16.40, which represents growth versus the prior year of approximately 55%-65%. Lastly, we are adjusting our expectation for free cash flow to approximately 50% of adjusted net income, which reflects the need for higher investment in working capital to support our increased sales outlook. As noted earlier, the primary driver of our net working capital increase is accounts receivable driven by our strong sales growth.
We are adjusting our free cash flow forecast to reflect continued strength on sales, including through the fourth quarter. The quality of our net working capital has not degraded. We are confident we will collect this cash, and there is no change to the long-term free cash flow conversion capability of the company. This outlook reflects a handful of assumptions that I would like to remind you of. Based on our first half results and outlook for the year, our short-term compensation structure is reflected in our margin outlook at an above-target payout. We have also included the impact of an increase in transportation and logistics costs that we mentioned last quarter. On cash flow, we still expect to spend approximately $120 million in combined capital expenditures and IT digital investments.
On the statement of cash flows, approximately $45 million will flow through capital expenditures, and approximately $75 million will flow through changes in other assets. We expect to realize the full $18 million of annual interest savings related to the redemption of our 2024 notes that we completed in June of last year. Recall that in 2021, we realized approximately $2 million of the full $18 million annual benefit. Our outlook does not incorporate the potential effects of any further refinancing activity this year, but has taken into account higher short-term interest rates. Our outlook assumes an average diluted share count of approximately 53 million shares for the year. Lastly, this outlook does not reflect any potential changes to applicable tax laws.
As it relates to the third quarter, as I mentioned earlier, preliminary July sales were up 17% versus the prior year, and margins are steady. Moving to Slide 19, and before opening the call for questions, let me provide a brief summary of what we've covered this morning. This was an exceptional start to the year, and we have strong momentum across our business. We delivered very strong financial results across the board, including record level sales, operating profit, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted EPS, and the strongest quarter since the Anixter transaction closed in June 2020.
Every segment of our business grew versus the prior year and sequentially in the quarter as well as compared to 2019 levels. We delivered adjusted EBITDA margin expansion of 140 basis points over the prior year, driven by our value-based pricing execution, accelerated cross-sell, and continued cost synergy generation. Our pace of deleveraging has exceeded our expectations, and we are now back within our target leverage range just eight quarters after closing the acquisition of Anixter. Lastly, we're making excellent progress on our IT and digital roadmap and are exceptionally well positioned to benefit from the secular growth trends and increasing public sector investments that John discussed earlier. With that, let's open the call to your questions.
We will now begin the question-and-answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star followed by one on your telephone keypad. Please limit your questions to one question and one follow-up. Our first question today comes from Deane Dray of RBC Capital Markets. Please proceed.
Hey, good morning, everyone. You hear me okay?
Yes, Deane. Good morning.
Hey, good morning. First of all, I think your service provider might need to be eligible for that broadband upgrade with the Rural Digital Opportunity Fund.
I love your sales lead, Deane. We're already on it.
Good. Secondly, a big welcome to Scott. Scott and I have a lot of history together. I've seen him in action. I'm confident he'll be successful. Congrats, Scott.
Thanks, Deane.
All right. John, maybe just to start off, there's such anxiety right now about a slowdown going on, 'cause all the financial markets are saying it's happening. If you look at any of the metrics you're putting up, you're not seeing any sign of a slowdown, as well as that Page 6 slide tells you all these long-term drivers that you benefit. It's not just a post-COVID burst of activity, but there's just you know, we see a long ramp here.
Take us through at the margin, kind of real-time, what's going on in terms of product availability, project delays, anything that you're seeing of the daily stock and flow of business, any kind of real-time color would be helpful. Thanks.
Yeah. It's a great question, Deane. We are not seeing any indications in any of the array of leading indicators and KPIs we use in terms of a slowdown occurring. With respect to the new WESCO, the WESCO-Anixter combination, you look at our backlog, you look at our opportunity pipeline that's comprised, you know, of a large, to a large degree of cross-sell synergies. You look at our daily sales and margin momentum. You look at it sequentially versus normal seasonality. We are just everything, you know, the one word I would use. I used this to describe Q1, it's true for Q2, accelerating. It's not even. We're just seeing acceleration. This is the strongest quarter that WESCO has ever delivered. I said that in Q1. We delivered an encore in Q2.
You know, if we fast-forward to July, you know, preliminary sales number that Dave outlined is still exceptionally strong. Our book-to-bill ratio is above 1.0. Again, that's the latest set of data. We're sitting here, you know, a few days into August. That's July results. I know Fastenal just reported this morning, and their daily sales results represent the sequential uptick in July versus June. We are seeing, again, just very strong, I'll call it momentum, and it's really the power of the combination. In terms of your supply chain question and stock and flow specifically, I would say we still have an array of supply chain challenges we're managing through. I'm very proud of how the team has done that. In a few areas, it's gotten incrementally better.
I would say, and I'll use your words, Deane, it was kind of at the margin, not material yet, but we're starting to see some improvement in a few select categories that were more challenged as a result of supply chain constraints. That's a bit encouraging. With that said, as Dave outlined in his commentary earlier, we still saw a couple points, you know, consistent with Q1 of supply chain throttling our top line, so it would've been that much better. That's kind of what I would signal. I just, you know, the supply chain is healing, but it's, and I did share this the last few quarters. We thought it would take a protracted period for that healing to occur.
Demand is still outstripping supply from our perspective. Hopefully, I addressed your question, Deane.
Absolutely. That's great. All, really good to hear. Then just as a follow-up for Dave on free cash flow. Look, we are seeing this everywhere across the industrials. In order to fill this big demand, you got 80% backlog up, you've got to take on more inventory. We get that, and then higher sales, higher payables. Two questions. One is, anything in the payables that is unusual, like past due or anything like this? Want some assurances there. Then secondly, on the inventory, there's some misperception. I just want you to put this to rest.
That somehow WESCO is a bit like Target, that you put inventory on the shelves, and you hope customers come. You're project-based, and the inventory that has been committed to by the customers for these projects, the customers are on the hook for that. You're not adding speculative inventory. Just maybe just address that in terms of the certainty of that inventory that you're carrying. Thanks.
Yeah. Thanks, Deane. Let me address your second question there on inventory. You're absolutely right. We have been taking in inventory, given the strong backlog, which are committed orders, and we do have terms and conditions. You know, so that inventory will be shipped to a customer. We have not seen any cancellations in the backlog, so we're very confident in the quality of the inventory. Going back to your first question about the quality of our working capital, including payables. You know, we actually improved about half a day versus the prior year quarter. We've not seen any degradation in the quality of the payables. You know, we run our consistent process. You know, so again, nothing out of the ordinary in terms of our working capital or the quality of our working capital.
You know, again, our free cash flow guide coming down specifically for the accounts receivable impact that we expect, you know, going forward, and the strong sales that we expect in the second half of the year.
Great. We call that a high-quality problem. Thank you.
Thanks, Deane.
Thank you. The next question comes from David Manthey of Baird. Please proceed.
Yeah. Thank you. Good morning, everyone.
Morning, Dave.
You noted 8% inflation, and there are some differences in how different companies measure the price benefit to revenues. First of all, could you tell us, Dave, what is your methodology? Then second, could you talk about which product lines where you're seeing the most inflation? You mentioned CSS is seeing the least, but is it right to think you're seeing it mostly in the heavy gauge wire and steel conduit and less in finished goods and switch gear, general supplies, that sort of thing?
Yeah, Dave, let me start with the calculation. I mean, we essentially look at, you know, changes to the pricing and what we've been able to pass through to our customers to calculate that 8%. You know, so it really does start with what are the suppliers passing on to us. You know, we then again take a look at that and how do we pass that through to ensure that we're appropriately getting paid for not only the product, but the services attached to the product that we're delivering to our customers. In terms of the overall inflation, you know, we have seen spikes over the last, call it, 12 months that are pure commodity-related.
I would tell you that a lot of the price increases that we're seeing are relatively consistent across all product categories, primarily given the inflation that our suppliers are seeing outside of just the commodities. So very clearly on some of the more commodity-based that's gonna move with the market. All of our suppliers are also passing through, you know, the increases that they're seeing on labor, increases they're seeing on logistics, transportation, and their ability to service the orders to us. I would tell you that it's across all the product categories. The one area that we called out was we're not seeing the same level of inflation in some of the suppliers to our CSS business. We did start to see that pick up in late Q1, and we did get a sequential benefit.
We do anticipate that will continue to be volatile, but you know, for the most part, we're seeing broad-based inflation across the board being passed through to us from the suppliers.
Okay. Thanks. Just to be clear, Dave, are you saying that you look at specific SKUs this year versus last year? Is it just the same SKU, same product? I mean, there's different methodologies people use. I'm just trying to understand how to read that 8% number.
Yeah. We're looking at it by product category because we don't always sell the same SKU consistently from quarter- to- quarter, year-over-year. We're looking at the group o f product categories within a SKU family in order to calculate that 8% number this quarter.
Great. Okay. Thank you very much.
Thank you. The next question comes from Sam Darkatsh from Raymond James. Please proceed.
Good morning, John. Good morning, Dave. Can you hear me okay?
Yes, Sam. Good morning.
Terrific. Good morning. Yeah, two broad topics, if I could. First would be about the new $1 billion repo authorization. I don't recall it being in your prepared remarks or at least certainly wasn't accentuated. First, can we infer from this that you find that your own equity is considerably more attractive than any prospective M&A opportunities? And then secondly, you know, rightly or wrongly, the market generally perceives three turns of debt leverage as, I guess, the point at which a stock becomes high beta. And knowing this and knowing the broad concerns of an industrial slowdown, are you really looking to do more substantial repo when you get under three turns, or will your repo plans be more based on simply the absolute value of the equity?
Yeah, Sam, it's Dave. I appreciate the question. As you mentioned, you know, we do take a look at multiple factors when we make decisions. We did not purchase any shares in the second quarter. We do have the authorization that was approved by the Board back during our May Board meeting. You know, in terms of how we're thinking about this right now, we just got under the target leverage range. We're at 3.4x turns. We actually increased
Our borrowings against our facilities to support that working capital and the strong sales growth. Right now, we're still focused on being able to drive down that leverage in the near term. Over the long term, we'd expect our leverage to be closer to the middle of that 2x-3.5x turn range. Again, we wanna continue to focus on that. In the immediate term, we always are looking at the equity value against other uses of our capital. Right now, we have been focused on making sure that we get that leverage down within the target range, and then from there, we'll continue to evaluate those opportunities and what we believe will drive most value for our shareholders.
My second question, topic is kind of piggyback on what Deane was getting at with respect to the inventory. I mean, ultimately, you, as virtually all your peers are gonna be indicating that you're gonna be working your inventories lower. You may not have inventory risk per se, but you know, that drawdown is gonna pressure your vendors' volumes, it's gonna pressure their pricing, it's gonna pressure your rebates, and so on and so forth. At what point do you believe that your gross margin expansion will end? And how do you manage price cost if you lose the air cover of no longer seeing announced price increases from your suppliers going forward?
Sam, we've been through numerous cycles. We've got a very seasoned management team and, you look at the operating leaders of the three businesses and myself and Dave, we've been through numerous cycles. I think we know how to manage this company through all stages of the cycle. We have exceptionally high confidence in the cash generation characteristics of our model, through all phases of the cycle. Just to touch on that earlier point, you know, you look at all the working capital growth, through the first half, it's really all sitting in accounts receivable that, you know, that we are confident we'll collect from customers. Relative to margin, we have an enterprise-wide gross margin improvement program that's underway.
If you look several years leading up to the merger close, Anixter posted consistently across, you know, nine to 10 quarters gross margin expansion against a backdrop that was very challenging in terms of getting margin. When you look at the other publicly traded distributors, they were facing margin compression. That's continued, and we took that enterprise-wide gross margin program as a top priority in the first six months post-merger close. Anixter wanted to make some refinements. We looked across WESCO. We made some additional refinements, and we now have been executing that enterprise-wide. That's been in place for the better part of 2021 and so far here in 2022. You take a look at our gross margins, we're building very strong momentum on the gross margins.
You know, we've got confidence that there's a lot, there's a long runway left in terms of gross margin expansion. You know, we don't guide to that anymore, but we clearly see the strong combinatorial contributions of gross margin expansion plus operating cost leverage. Both of those we're focused on, you know, laser focused on driving both of those to drive further operating margin expansion. The recipe is working. You know, look again at this quarter, the gross margin improved sequentially to a new all-time record level. That's with some commodity prices starting to roll over significantly in the quarter.
I think, again, the essence of our gross margin enterprise-wide improvement program is really focused on value creation or selling the value, I'll say, selling the value creation that we're delivering upon, you know, to our customers' operations and their supply chains. I could not be more pleased with the exceptional job our sales and account management teams are doing in terms of selling that value to customers. Yes, we did invest in working capital, but more importantly, we are a one-stop shop. We provide a complete solution for customers. As the markets get more volatile and the customers have more challenges, they lean on their strongest suppliers, the highest performing suppliers even more.
As I've said before, supply chain now is a strategic issue at the top of the C-suite, and it's in the, it's at a boardroom level in terms of priority. That is supply chain integrity, supply chain resilience, and we provide high degree of supply chain integrity or resilience. That's core to our value prop in terms of what we deliver to customers. Look, I know this is the question that you know that everyone has and to the extent that things start to slow down, but the short answer is we're highly confident that we've got tremendous runway left in terms of our margin expansion.
To paraphrase, gross margins in the back half continue on its favorable trajectory despite the inventory drawdowns?
Yeah. We're not seeing any issue. I mean, in our margins, Dave mentioned it, so I'll amplify it. Our margins in July, the beat goes on, you know, very, very consistent with how we ran through the second quarter. Look, it's as I mentioned earlier, Sam, and you'll recall this specifically, you know, we made some core changes as part of this gross margin improvement program enterprise-wide in terms of compensation for the sales force. This the additional element of paying for performance there I think is bearing significant fruit. They're myopically focused on selling the value and benefiting from, you know, continuing to drive the margin expansion.
Terrific to hear and a terrific performance in the quarter. Thanks much, and onward and upward.
Thank you, Sam.
Thank you. The next question comes from Nigel Coe of Wolfe Research. Please proceed.
Good morning, everyone. I just had a question, just maybe to follow up on the executive company accruals. I just wanna make sure I understand how this works. Obviously, you've topped up the, you know, the full year payout, so you have a catch- up for 1 Q and 2 Q, and then third quarter, fourth quarter would then be at a run rate. 2 Q would be a catch- up for 1 Q. Is that right, Dave?
Yeah, Nigel, in 2022, we trued up incentive comp above target payouts in Q1 as well as in Q2. There's only a slight increase sequentially on that short-term incentive plan accrual.
Okay. Can you help us, you know, where is that in dollar terms now running for the full year compared to where we were, you know, back in January?
Yeah. Back in January when we provided our initial guide, you know, we called out that if we pay at target for 2022 against 2021, where we did pay out, you know, above target, that it was roughly a 30 basis point tailwind. Well, that tailwind has essentially, you know, gone away. I mean, we are performing much better, therefore, you know, we are accruing appropriately for that short-term incentive compensation. The dollars year-over-year are not materially different than what we experienced in 2021.
Okay. Assuming 2023 is more back on target, we've got a 30 basis point tailwind into 2023. And that's sort of my real question is, you know, as you go into FY 2023, assuming that volumes are positive in 2023, you know, that's obviously a big if, but based on the backlog doesn't seem unreasonable. Is there a scenario where margins could be down in 2023? I'm thinking here about maybe some price cost headwinds. I don't know what else, but is that a scenario that's even on the table?
Well, I would tell you, Nigel, you know, similar to what John said before. I mean, we've been through these cycles in the past. We know how to operate. You know, there's always things that are going to be impacting the overall margin. As we've said in previous years, you know, we're going to be looking at, you know, market inflation rates on our people costs. We've got to have enough top line growth to offset that and hold the margin. Clearly in a volatile economic environment, if one was to take place, you know, we would have to pull the appropriate levers in order to protect our margins going forward. We've done it before. We're focused on making sure that we continue to drive value long term for the shareholder.
Again, you know, we think that we've got a good setup for 2023, as you mentioned. The incentive compensation would be adjusted back to target as we think about our plan for next year.
I mean, Nigel, just to add to Dave's point, I would say the setup, you know, for 2023 is excellent as we sit here in the early part of the second half. You know, we just substantially raised our full year guidance for the second time for 2022. We have, you know, very strong momentum. We raised the sales synergy target substantially again at $1.2 billion. Our sales synergies in the second quarter of $200 million exceed our original target set pre-merger close. This is the breakout growth opportunity I think that is really showing itself as we establish this track record of success over the last eight quarters.
Our backlog continues without any normal seasonality, and it's at a new all-time record level sequentially, which is a great setup, not just for 2022, but in particular for 2023. Our opportunity pipeline, as evidenced by raising the cross-sell target, is the largest we've ever seen, continues to grow. We think we're outperforming the market significantly. We're the market leader, undisputed market leader in our core markets. You know, to the extent that the cycle gets a bit more challenging, customers will want to double down even more with their strongest supplier partners to build supply chain integrity and resilience. Demand is still outstripping supply, and it's a really important point. I think inflation continues at a meaningful level through 2023 because the sources of inflation, it's demand outstripping supply first and foremost.
Secondly, everyone's missing that labor is a constraint. It's not just the materials in the supply chain, it's labor as well. Then you have public infrastructure spending that's planned that will stoke demand even further. We've seen none of that in our numbers yet. I did want to touch upon this. It's really important. Take a look at where we are ending. Our full year guide for 2022 now is above current analyst consensus for 2023 on the top line. First point. Second point, we expect to grow in 2023. That's the answer.
Okay. That's great, gentlemen. Thanks a lot for that detail.
Thank you. The next question comes from Tommy Moll of Stephens Inc. Please proceed.
Good morning, and thanks for taking my questions. John, I wanted to start on the big data theme. You've given some transparency into the digital and IT investment recently. I'm curious what inning we're in for that investment cycle. Then on the flip side, when you start to monetize and unlock some of the revenue and margin benefits from these investments, have you even started to see some of those benefits yet? Or when do you anticipate that those would show up in a meaningful way where we'll see it in the P&L?
Yeah, thanks for that question. It's outstanding. We are in the baseball analogy, you know. We're in the very, very early innings of seeing the benefits. I'll start with the benefits. We've highlighted a few areas where we've applied digital to our business in terms of digital products, new products, and applications over the last couple quarters. I will tell you that we plan on kind of being more expressive with respect to our total digital transformation at our upcoming Investor Day in early September. We're very excited about that. That'll be our first Investor Day since Anixter and WESCO came together and since the pandemic. Back to digital.
We announced a three-year integration program when we brought these two strong leading companies together to form the new WESCO back in June of 2020. We also said we're in the midst of a digital transformation that we embarked upon. This was, quite frankly, the catalyst, and the ability to put these two large companies together gave us the opportunity to invest in a digital transformation like neither individual, neither company could individually. That is a longer time frame. That is roughly a five-year process. We're two years into the three-year integration period. We're two years into the five-year digital transformation period. The investments are laid out.
Dave spotlighted again in his commentary what we're investing in, showing you know both in capital spending and different areas of the P&L statement. You know, any of our synergies and our top line results has allowed us to fuel these investments. I am incredibly bullish on the mid- to long-term growth prospect and the transformative nature of what we're doing in digital, what it will do for us and our ability to serve customers more efficiently, more effectively, unlock other avenues of growth and other areas of monetization that forms the basis of new business models as we increasingly tap our big data. Super excited about it. Here's the great news. It's not in our results yet.
The investments are in our results, but the results in terms of meaningful sales growth and margin expansion are not in our results yet, and a dramatic acceleration of working capital turn. That's not in our results yet. Stay tuned, please. At Investor Day, join us, and you'll get a much better sense of our, you know, five-year digital transformation journey. This as strong as this story's been thus far, and I think it's been exceptional, the eight quarters since we came together. We're at the two years of the three-year integration period point, and the results are exceptional with a series of increases along the way. The digital transformation story is a whole another order of magnitude, and that's futures that are exceptionally exciting.
Thank you. I appreciate that. As a follow-up, I just wanted to ask on CSS. Organic sales trended quite- the trend was quite strong in the quarter, although it was well below the other two segments. You called out supply chain as one headwind there. I wonder if you could comment on that. Was that the primary delta in that segment's growth rate versus the others, or would there be any factors?
Let's look at CSS. Another great question. Let's look at CSS over really, let's say, the last four to six quarters versus the other two businesses. I mean, outstanding secular growth trend, leading value proposition, global footprint, an absolutely outstanding business. It's a franchise. It's terrific. It has been supply chain constrains. You know, my comments and Dave's comments have been very positive and bullish on the mid- and long-term prospects of that business. That's unchanged. I'm as bullish as ever, in terms of the applications that we have access to and our total solution offering. Specifically with respect to the momentum vector, I couldn't be more pleased with how CSS picked up. Everything is relative in life and business.
I'd ask you to look at this sequentially. You see momentum building in CSS. The backlog growth is exceptional. It's at a higher rate than EES, not quite the UBS backlog growth rate, but it's exceptional. Now the sales and margin is beginning to accelerate as the supply chain continues to heal. That is the story here. Again, it is an accelerating vector that we're on with CSS that I'm very pleased with the pickup again, now delivering 12% growth in the quarter.
Thanks. I appreciate it, and we'll turn it back.
Thank you. The final question of today's Q&A session will come from the line of Ken Newman of KeyBanc. Please proceed.
Hey, good morning, everybody. Thanks for squeezing me in.
Morning, Ken.
John, I think you touched on it briefly in a prior question, but regarding the increase in the cross-sell and share gain synergy capture for 2022, do you have a sense of just how much of those benefits have already been realized within the current guidance? I'm just trying to get a sense of how conservative that portion of the sales guide increase is. Just where do you see the momentum for those synergies coming up even further?
I'll let Dave handle that.
When we think about the bridge in our sales outlook from our previous quarter call, you know, the success that we're seeing in share gain and cross-sell, we called it out as 3%-4% of the growth previously. It's now approximately 5%. I think that as we look at Q2, we're confident that we increase share. We believe that we are taking share, but really the benefit of the cross-sell, we're now expecting that to be combined approximately 5 points of the growth within our outlook for 2022. Again, really pleased with the results. As we mentioned earlier, it exceeded our expectations in the second quarter.
We're also very diligent about looking at not just the pipeline, but the backlog of the cross-sell, which is one of the reasons we had confidence in taking the number up for the target this quarter.
Understood. Just for my follow-up here, you talked about the balance between share repurchases and working capital needs and keeping the balance sheet in that target leverage. I'm curious if you have any comments on just how you look at the priorities between repurchasing the preferred shares and the common shares, understanding that there are some caveats on how much you can repurchase from that preferred bucket.
Yeah. Very clearly, there are some constraints on repurchasing the preferred. It will come back down to best value. If we take a look at, you know, where the preferred is trading and the premium that would be required to buy back those shares, you know, there are some make-whole provisions on that. We take a look at that just from the pure economic perspective, whether it would make more sense to buy back common stock or preferred. We are able to buy back both classes within the authorization. It purely will come down to the economics at the time.
I think what's important also to understand, and I know we foreshadowed this earlier in the year, and I'll want to foreshadow it again. You know, we think we have a new company we've created, clearly, that has fundamentally different characteristics. It's a mix shift to the higher growth markets. You know, the execution, it's showing up in the execution and the results thus far. We think we've just fundamentally shifted this company and to a different value creation trajectory, let's say, than either of our companies ever was on in their history.
In terms of cash utilization and cash generation capability over the mid- to long- term and cash utilization priorities, that's something that we've not outlined with a longer- term view since we put these two great companies together, and that is something we are gonna absolutely address in our upcoming Investor Day. We foreshadowed that earlier, and we will do that, and I think it's important. You know, getting the authorization in place for the share repurchase was vital because we did not have an approved authorization in place. We put that in place ahead of being back within our target range, and we did that purposefully. I think we will always need to make sure we have an ongoing share repurchase authorization in place. That's the bottom line. The cash generation of this new WESCO is exceptional.
I'm not gonna address it in this earnings call, but you've got to take a look at, you know, when we outline this for you at Investor Day, the optionality in terms of the value creation levers of that going forward is unlike anything either company had in the past. That represents a kind of a breakout opportunity for us, which we'll share with you next month.
Understood. Looking forward to it. Thank you.
Okay. With that, I think, we did go a little bit longer. I'm gonna wrap it. Since we had, again, a technical difficulty, where we lost connection here for a few minutes. That's why we went a few minutes over. I'll bring the call to a close. Thank you for all your support. Very much appreciated. As I just mentioned, we look forward to speaking with many of you in the coming days, as well as at our upcoming Investor Day. That date has been set. It's September 7th in New York City. As I mentioned earlier, this will be our first Investor Day since closing the Anixter merger. It will be an excellent opportunity to learn more about our combined business and get to know our entire senior management team better.
I hope all of you will be able to join us, hopefully in person or at least virtually. Additionally, we're gonna be participating in the Raymond James Diversified Industrials Conference in August and both the RBC Global Industrials Conference and Morgan Stanley conferences in September. With that, I know we got many calls scheduled this afternoon and tomorrow. I'm bringing it to a wrap. Have a great day. Thanks again.
That concludes the conference call. Thank you for your participation. You may now disconnect your lines.