Welcome, thank you for standing by. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. During the question and answer session, please press star one on your touch-tone phone. Today's conference is being recorded. If you have any objections, you may disconnect at this time. I'd like to turn the meeting over to Peter Poillon, Head of Investor Relations. Thank you. You may begin.
Thank you, welcome to our second quarter 2012 earnings conference call and webcast. Our call today is hosted by Joe Plumeri, Willis Group Holdings Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. A webcast replay of the call can be accessed through the investor relations section of our website at www.willis.com. If you have any questions after the call, my direct line is 212-915-8084. As we begin our call, let me remind you that we may make certain statements relating to future results which are forward-looking statements as that term is defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from historical results or those estimated or anticipated.
These statements reflect our opinions only as of today's date, we undertake no obligation to revise or publicly update them in light of new information or future events. Please refer to our SEC filings, including our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, and subsequent filings, as well as our earnings press release for a more detailed discussion of the risk factors that may affect our results. Copies may be obtained from the SEC or by visiting the investor relations section of our website. Please note that certain financial measures we use on the call are expressed on a non-GAAP basis. Our GAAP results and GAAP to non-GAAP reconciliation can be found in our earnings press release. I'll now turn the call over to Joe.
Thank you. Good morning. Welcome, thank you, everybody, for joining our call today. With me, as usual, is Mike Neborak, our Chief Financial Officer. Mike and I will make our regular remarks as usual, this quarter, I also want to do something a little bit different. In less than two years, our three main business units, North America, International, and Global, each have new leaders, but leaders that have come up from posts within our organization. You haven't heard a lot from them on these calls. Today, after I offer some introductory comments, I've asked Vic Krauze, Tim Wright, and Steve Hearn to offer a brief report on their businesses. As usual, we'll be happy to answer questions at the conclusion of our prepared remarks. You've obviously seen some of the other brokers' reports and their earnings already.
The positive trends that they have talked about are very encouraging for the industry as a whole, we will offer our own perspective on the industry environment in a few minutes. As you saw our release last night and compare it with those who have already reported, it is fair to wonder why Willis is not in its historical position at the head of the pack. Leading organic growth and leading margins has been the Willis way. I know it is on your mind, I want to address that up front. While our top line shows modest 2% organic growth, there are several things offering compelling evidence of our strengths. Willis Global, for example, produced 7% organic growth and looking forward, robust sales pipelines, increased recruitment of new producers, and improved retention across our businesses, we believe will provide revenue momentum in the future.
Remember, as we have been telling you over the past few calls, a number of things have dragged on our North America results, most with roots going back to our merger with HRH. These things have taken time to course through the system, which we will dissect in detail in a minute, but I think that this quarter represents sort of the end of all of those things that have to be flushed through. Compounding that, what we see in the end of a difficult comparable of items for North America has been a brief plateau this quarter for International. All things kind of happened at the same time. Like our competitors, there is effect of the Eurozone crisis. Willis also had to put up subpar numbers for the U.K. and Australia, which also had an effect on our international numbers.
We will talk about that in a little bit as well. Both are at the end of a restructuring process. Those international numbers are, we believe, an anomaly and not indicative of any trend. What you will hear from me today, Vic, Steve, Tim, and Mike, is an acknowledgment that despite our growth, we did not come in as high as we wanted to this quarter. That said, you will also hear a very upbeat assessment of what lies in store for the second half, both for what our industry faces as a whole and for the many important things we are doing at Willis to regain our sector leadership position. Now let me review the results with you. Our fully diluted adjusted earnings per share came in at $0.59. Excluding the $0.06 of positive foreign exchange, earnings were $0.53 per diluted share.
That compares to a year ago, a quarter of $0.61 per diluted share, and obviously, that is not acceptable. Now, before zeroing in on our bottom line numbers, we feel that our underlying earnings results are better than they appear at first glance relative to the prior year results. Now allow me to give you some of the background. You have heard us talk over the last few quarters about Loan Protector. I love Loan Protector. I keep talking about Loan Protector. I told everybody here we are never going to talk about Loan Protector again and how its drop off in performance created a difficult comparison with its results in the first half of 2011 and prior. This quarter, Loan Protector hurt our earnings by $0.01 relative to the year-ago quarter, but this is the last quarter of the lopsided comparisons. Loan Protector is over.
Vic's going to talk more about that in a minute. I'm sure he's going to be glad to say the same thing to you. We also had a difficult comparison related to the fraud we uncovered and reported earlier in the year that happened in North America. That hurt our current quarter earnings by $0.01 relative to a year ago. Right off the bat, you got $0.02 and you got a couple of things that hurt top line growth as well. Our second quarter results last year included $9 million of expense benefits from a release of funds and reserves related to potential legal liabilities. We talked about those in some detail a year ago. We did have $3.5 million of similar benefits in the quarter, but that difference between the two equals $0.02 relative to the prior year.
You start to see a build-up in what would have been versus what you see. Actually, additionally, our employee benefits business in North America experienced some pressure on commissions that hurt the current quarter. We should get contingent commissions in that business later this year or next year to make up for that because, as you know, insurers are paying us less than they paid before, which is the whole reason we decided to accept contingents in the first place on that business. That should catch up to itself. Lastly, we had some notable pieces of business that we expect to shift from the second quarter to the second half of the year. They were quite notable, and they would have made a pretty decent difference in the top-line growth that you see.
This is what happens in our business, but it's worth sharing with you, so you know that revenue generation would have been better, but for some unfortunate timing, it's better than it appears, both on a top-line basis, as I'm explaining to you, and a bottom-line basis as well. In total, we have to take the results as they close. As I mentioned, my colleagues and I feel good about the strength of our businesses and franchises, and we are each excited about what we're doing going forward in the future to grow the business over the remainder of the year. Before I turn it over to the team, let me provide some headlines. The commissions, as I said, and fees grew at 2%. Our Willis Global segment was again very strong at 7% organic growth, led by great results from our Willis Re that enjoyed low double-digit growth.
Just outstanding. In a few minutes, Steve will outline how he's making our high-performing businesses even more integrated, and I think will be even higher performing in the future, which will drive that performance from Willis Global. Steve has a lot to talk about just in terms of results and his vision for the business, I will tell you what's going on in our Willis Capital Markets & Advisory, which is also a part of the global segment. Willis Capital Markets & Advisory continues to gain traction and momentum in the insurance advisory and capital-raising arena. During the second quarter, Willis Capital Markets & Advisory revenues were down a little bit on a comparable prior year, you know that that's lumpy as a result of deals that we expected to close, again, slipping into the second half.
The pipeline or backlog of transactions that WCMA is involved with is robust, and a lot of that activity will probably manifest itself in the second half. In the international segment, the organic growth was at 2%, very low. It's an anomaly for them. It's below its historic growth range. You should know that we believe this is more than an anomaly than a new trend, and we believe that we're poised to do even better in the future. We have to temper that with slower overall growth in continental Europe, partly a result of the Eurozone issues and our own efforts to turn around our U.K. and Australasia businesses, which are in the restructuring phases, so that had an effect on international as well. Everything being considered, we had excellent growth in Asia and Latin America.
Later, Tim's going to provide you with some insight into the areas where we're seeing improvement, including Willis UK. As the year goes on, Willis UK gets better on a comparable basis, and so does Australia. As I said, again, another positive element in the second half. Tim will also tell you about the depth of our pipelines in the business and the initiatives that cause us to be excited about the growth opportunities in this segment. In North America, excluding the impact of, there it is again, Loan Protector, organic commissions and fees declined by 2% in the quarter and is down 1% over the first six months of this year relative to the first half of last year.
While that's disappointing for all of us here, regardless of the context, that business has a lot of positive things going on, including improved pipelines, the best pipelines I've seen since I've been here. A positive trend in producer headcount is up, and strong retention and solid new business trends. North America's retention is back to its historic levels in the low 90s, despite covering business loss due to producer defections in the second quarter of 2011. That's a lagging indicator. Anything you see now is at the tail end of what happened a year ago. That might have had an effect as well on some of the North American numbers, both top and bottom line.
The retention level is actually as a lagging indicator, as I said, and Vic will talk about some of the leading indicators that he monitors, like pipelines and producer headcount, both looking far better today than they did at the beginning of this year, and he'll tell you why that's the case. With regard to group expenses, our group organic expense growth came in at 4.3% for the quarter and 3.3% for the first half of the year. Mike will provide an overview of our financials for the quarter and spend some time talking about expenses. With that, I'm going to turn the call over to Vic, Steve, and Tim, who will review this past quarter and importantly, share insights into the initiatives that give us reason to be excited and optimistic as we look ahead. Vic?
Thank you, Joe, and good morning, everybody. I want to begin by saying that everyone at Willis North America believes we can deliver a better top line than we saw in the second quarter. We are highly focused on producing better results for the second half of the year. First, I'd like to give you a brief overview of what drove the second quarter's result. Then I'll spend some time talking about what we are doing to improve that going forward. Looking back, organic commissions and fees declined 3% in the second quarter. The decline was driven by several factors, including, as Joe mentioned, the lopsided comparison of the Loan Protector business. This is the last time I expect to mention Loan Protector, as going forward, it will no longer have a disproportionate impact on comparables quarter-over-quarter.
Excluding the impact of Loan Protector, organic commissions and fees in North America declined 2%, a full percent less than we're reporting. Beyond Loan Protector, let me list a number of other factors that drove the decline in North America's organic revenues. First, as we discussed in previous quarters, our employee benefits business, which accounts for almost a quarter of North America's revenues, has experienced some pressure on compensation structures from the healthcare insurers as being driven by healthcare reform in the U.S. That compensation compression resulted in approximately 1% negative impact on North America's revenue growth in the second quarter relative to the second quarter last year. I also want to remind you that this pressure from healthcare insurers is why we said we'd take contingents on this line of business beginning in April of this year.
Going forward, we should see some positive impact from contingents in late 2012 or early 2013. Second, as Joe mentioned, our employee benefits results in the second quarter last year were affected by the fraudulent activity we discovered and disclosed. That business overstated revenue by about $2.4 million in that quarter, but which, regardless, must be compared to in terms of revenue growth. That totals to about three-quarters of 1% of North America revenue in comparison. The final note is our one-off surety revenues, primarily construction related. We're still not seeing a lot of construction projects as that industry has not yet recovered. That lack of projects caused almost a 1% decline in revenues in the quarter relative to the prior year.
If you add up those four items, Loan Protector, for the last time, employee benefits compensation, the fraud we stopped, and the one-offs, that accounts for more than the 3% decline we're reporting. On a positive note, North America's retention came in at 91% for the quarter, despite some accounts that left due to producer defections last year. Our year-to-date retention is also at 91%. We're pleased to see that metric is back to our historical and expected levels, but we aspire to and believe we can do better. I'm going to address that in detail in a few moments. Also in the second quarter, we saw new business come in at low double digits. That's good, but I think we can do better at that as our growing pipeline converts to new business.
With regard to rates, we continue to see rate improvement in certain lines and geographic regions during the quarter. On property, we're seeing average rate increases of 8%, predominantly driven by catastrophe-exposed risks. Non-cat is up 2%-5%. I should note, however, that we are seeing property rates starting to level as capacity is entering the market. In casualty, most insurers are seeing modest increases on renewal. We saw an average of 3% on casualty, which was driven mainly by workers' compensation. Liability rates were flat to up 2%. Also, for the first time this year, we're starting to see positive rate in our FINEX business, up 2% on average. Our human capital business, which encompasses employee benefits, is also seeing some rate increase. Again, the impact of that rate is tempered somewhat due to the carrier compensation model shifts that we spoke about.
More broadly, the overall rate improvement we've seen so far in 2012 has not yet had a material impact on our revenue base. To the extent it has helped, it has been offset by reductions in exposure units and higher client risk retention levels. It shouldn't come as a surprise that in this economic environment, the majority of our clients are simply not able or willing to absorb the increased cost of insurance and are actively managing the expense. It's our job to help them manage that expense. Across our industry practices, financial services, environmental, life sciences, and real estate, they all did well for the quarter. Further, our M&A business had a very good quarter, continuing their strong performance from Q1. While deal flow has not been as robust as last year, they are maintaining consistent new business.
They were up in Q2 by 13% and up 15% through the first six months of the year. While we expected this quarter to be challenging, we are not satisfied with how we ended up. For the next few minutes, I'd like to discuss some of the initiatives that are ongoing in North America that lead me to believe that the future is brighter than this past quarter may indicate. We are intently focused on three things that we believe will improve this business. They are simply pipelines, recruiting, and retention. First on pipelines. Since we bought HRH, we were totally focused on integrating the company, even as the economic meltdown created turbulence around us. The first task was holding on to our people and keeping our existing accounts. Looking back, filling our pipelines with new opportunities took a back seat.
That's all changed now, since I assumed my post and early in returning the pipeline management with the sales force. As a result Our pipelines have improved dramatically in that period. Our rolling 12-month pipeline has improved from less than one times our new business scope to over 2.5 times. That gives us a lot more clarity on future revenues. My goal is to get pipelines to three times by the end of the year. Since January, our pipelines have roughly doubled, and they continue to grow. While these opportunities take time to convert, and obviously we won't win 100% of our opportunities, I know it will translate into improvement in our already good new business metric that I mentioned a few minutes ago. Second, on recruiting. We are building a continuous, sustainable recruiting program that attracts experienced producers to Willis.
While that might seem basic, after the HRH transaction, a lot of our efforts were devoted to retaining the HRH producers that came to Willis with the transaction. The tide has now shifted. We're very pleased that in 2012, our producer force is up slightly, and my goal is to increase producer count 3%-4% annually while actively managing underperformers. In doing so, we'll manage overall growth in headcount to approximately flat to keep our S&B expense in check. This will not be a recruiting spree by any means, but rather an extremely selective process in our search for experienced producers. Third, with regard to retention, an important rule to remember is that if we do a good job in retaining our current clients, new business growth becomes much more impactful to organic growth level.
Our historic retention levels in North America have been in the 90%-92% range, and we're pleased to be back at that level, but we aspire to be even better at around 95%. One key aspect of client retention is great service, and I know we do a great job there, but equally important is associate retention. Insurance broking is a relationship business. If we keep our people, we keep our business. We're making great headway on that score by engaging producers in training and supporting them with what they need to grow. Our Sales 2.0 program is a great example of that. There should be no better working environment than at Willis, and while we still have work to do, we're making steady progress, which bodes well for future business growth.
Since I just brought up Sales 2.0, let me give you a brief update on that initiative as it's been rolled out throughout North America. Through the first six months of this year, we've held over 1,500 Sales 2.0 meetings with clients and prospects and have converted over 10% of those meetings into new business wins. That's a fair start to a program that I take very seriously, and I expect it will continue to gain traction amongst our sales associates and drive increased revenue. We've trained over 2,500 of our associates in the 2.0 process, and close to 600 producers are using that process as they interact with clients and prospects.
Like all companies, we are operating in a difficult economic environment, I believe that if we maintain and execute on the focus we adopted last year, the improved pipelines, increased producer headcount, and improved retention levels, they all will return us to delivering solid organic growth and improved margins. With that, I will turn it over to Tim to discuss International.
Thank you, Vic. Good morning, good afternoon, or good evening, everyone. I'm delighted to have the opportunity to talk to you about our International segment, an exciting set of businesses with a wealth of potential for the group. Since taking up the leadership of Willis International last October, I've made a point of visiting as many of our 40-plus countries in which we operate as possible. I'm happy to report that our 6,000 associates in the U.K., Continental Europe, Latin America, and Asia Pacific, Middle East, Africa, are doing a great job. Between them, they generate around $1 billion in annual revenues today and can generate a lot more through the series of actions I'll describe later. While these actions cannot insulate us from the broader economic conditions, we believe that they can help capture opportunities even in the most turbulent markets.
We reported 2% organic growth in the second quarter, down from International's historic levels of 4%-6%. As Joe mentioned, the primary reasons for the lower than historic growth were the ongoing turnarounds in the U.K. and Australia, plus the relative weakness in the Eurozone. Together, these businesses account for half of our international revenues. With a geographic spread as large as ours, these negatives have been partially offset by strong performance in a number of our higher growth markets. For the next few minutes, let me run through some of the notable developments in these Willis International countries. The U.K. business, which accounts for almost 20% of our international revenues annually, has improved significantly from its weak showing in late 2011.
Although organic growth declined low single digits during the quarter, the improvement was in line with my expectations for the business and reflects the hard work done by the U.K. team to address the operational issues noted in 2011. We have applied much greater client focus, which has manifested itself in improved service metrics and business retention. Additionally, we've had a major focus on sales, instilling one of the best sales management disciplines across the whole of International. Willis has always been a major player in the U.K., the steps we've taken should ensure it remains so. In Continental Europe, I'm happy to report that despite the overall economic pressures across the region, we still managed to deliver low double-digit growth. Most countries in the region reported positive results, including Germany, which was up low double digits, Italy up high single digits, and Denmark up mid-single digits.
Ireland was flat for the quarter. While Spain was down for the second quarter, its fabulous sales culture has allowed it to deliver low single-digit growth year-to-date, a tremendous achievement given the economic headwinds faced by that country. Eastern Europe, which is dominated by Russia, delivered somewhat slower mid-single-digit growth in the second quarter, has achieved strong double-digit growth on a year-to-date basis. Latin America grew high single digits. The stories in each country of the region are unique. There was steady growth in our Brazil and Argentina retail businesses, as well as in our reinsurance businesses across most countries. Some of these advances were offset by declines in Colombia and Venezuela. Willis has a great business and a great future opportunity in Asia Pacific, Middle East, Africa.
Joe and I have made a point to visit the region, and many of the countries in the first half of the year. It is also a region we have recently reorganized, which I will talk about in a moment. Asia continued to do well with high single-digit growth, driven by strong contributions from China, Korea and Hong Kong. Australia was flat compared with last year, which was a nice improvement compared with last quarter, when we declined significantly. Finally, South Africa exhibited strong double-digit growth in the quarter, maintaining positive momentum from the first quarter. Vic talked about retention in his remarks, and we are as passionate about retention in international as he is in Willis North America. Our retention remained healthy at 93%, about the same as last year.
Likewise, new business generation was about the same as last year, and rate was neither a head nor tailwind during the quarter. With that backdrop, like Vic, I would like to share with you some of the key actions we have implemented since I took responsibility for international last year. We believe these should provide a strong foundation for the future. Firstly, we have sought to bring much greater structure, discipline, and consistency to the way we manage the business. Under a new CFO and HR director, we have established common reporting and management information, which provides us with much greater visibility over the business. Secondly, like Vic, we have had a major focus on sales, implementing segment-specific strategies, building our sales capacity, and making selective investment hires. During the period in which I served as Group COO, we developed and delivered Sales 2.0, working with Vic's Willis North American team.
We have now deployed this model across an additional 16 international countries. Like Vic, we have held over 1,500 Sales 2.0 meetings, and also like Vic, we have seen more than 10% of those meetings convert into new business wins. More generally, our sales pipelines have improved significantly, increasing by almost two-thirds since the start of this year. Thirdly, we recently announced a restructuring of our large and strategically important Asia-Pacific, Middle East, Africa region in order to reinforce our focus on growth. Roger Wilkinson, formerly head of the overall region, is being relocated to become executive chairman of our Australasia region. Adam Garrard, formerly head of Continental Europe, will run our Asia business. A business he ran in its infancy from 2002 to 2005, Scott Pickering runs our Middle East, Africa region based out of South Africa.
Finally, we know the power of delivering the whole of Willis to our clients and are connecting much more closely with our colleagues from elsewhere in the group, especially Steve's Willis Global businesses. A few examples will help illustrate this point. We are working hand in hand with Willis Global on joint prospecting for large accounts in both Europe and Latin America. We have introduced new leadership in our reinsurance business in Latin America, and we are building our construction and FINEX business in Asia and Australia. To conclude on international, although we cannot control the effects of the global economy, we are excited about the opportunities across the different businesses and believe that the actions that we have taken provide us with a strong basis for reducing historical growth levels in future. I will now turn over to Steve to discuss the Willis Global segment.
Thank you, Tim. Good morning, everyone. The comments Vic and Tim have offered fit well with what we're doing in Willis Global as well. We spent a lot of time together with Joe and the other members of the operating committee. I echo their view that we're working as a tight unit to make Willis Group stronger and more unified to capitalize on the enormous opportunities available to us in the months and years ahead. This morning, I want to focus on three items with regard to the Willis Global segment. Firstly, I want to report on yet another strong quarter for the businesses which comprise Willis Global. Secondly, I want to update you on the strategic transformation work that I described during our Q1 earnings call. Thirdly, I want to update you on the progress we've made on the implementation of Willis Place, our client-centric broking platform.
You may recall there are three core operations within Willis Global. These are Willis Re, Global Specialties, and Willis, Faber & Dumas. Q2 was another strong quarter of strong growth in our global businesses, with organic growth at 7% compared with the comparable quarter in 2011. This growth was led by our reinsurance operation, Willis Re, which had another outstanding quarter with double-digit growth year-on-year. This growth resulted from both significant new business growth and some rate improvement in both Willis Re's international and North American business units. Willis Re continues to be one of the jewels in the crown of the group. I congratulate the leadership team and the associates in Willis Re for their continued high performance. Global Specialties, you will recall, is our specialty insurance operation with businesses including aerospace, marine, energy, construction, FINEX, and our financial lines business.
This part of Global grew middle single digits during Q2. Many of these industry segments remain challenged by flat or even softening rate environments. As such, I'm very pleased with the overall result here. A number of the units in Global Specialties achieved double-digit growth in the quarter. Willis, Faber & Dumas is our wholesale facultative and third-party facing group of businesses and the third core operation of Willis Global. WF&D declined by low single digits, but that was after a Q1 that showed low double-digit growth that benefited from some favorable timing of revenues. For the first half, Willis, Faber & Dumas achieved solid single mid-digit growth. Taken together, the second quarter overall represents another outstanding result for Willis Global. Like Vic and Tim, we're focused on the future and what we can do to produce even better results.
Let's look forward and take a few minutes to look at our strategic transformation work. Our Global business has represented more than 40% of the group's EBIT in 2011. Many individual parts of Willis Global are industry and market leaders. Common to each of these businesses is a strong culture of innovation, technical ability, strong work ethic, and deep industry knowledge, all very important parts of the Willis cause. Historically, the Global business has grown well whilst producing significant EBIT and a high quality of income for the group. We announced in the first quarter a new vision for Willis Global with a new structure to enable the vision to be executed. We concluded that despite our strong historic performance, we could grow even faster by creating a simpler structure, which would enable our highly successful businesses to come closer together.
We feel this will bring sustainable benefit to each of our core stakeholders, our associates, our clients, our carriers, and of course, our shareholders. We're delighted to report we've made huge progress in the last three months. We've launched the new vision and structure internally and externally. We're hugely encouraged by the response that we've had to this new strategy. We're now building a catalog of examples where we've already been able to drive benefit for our clients and ourselves through the work that's being done. As an overview, we've simplified the structure of Willis Global by creating three clear parts of Willis Global. The first is reinsurance, which now also includes facultative.
The second is specialty, which combines Global Specialties in Willis, Faber & Dumas, and the third is placement, which permits our clients to capitalize on the significant power of the over $40 billion of premium that we place into the insurance marketplace. Under this new structure for Willis Global, we've combined a number of our divisions into larger P&Ls and a smaller number of management teams. This structure also enables us to work more closely with our colleagues in Willis North America and Willis International. Willis Global as a whole is now in a period of detailed business planning in the newly formed teams. Our mission is simple, exploiting the opportunities for growth at an even faster rate than we've achieved historically. Our intention is to have this work concluded by the beginning of Q4.
We'll then be fully operational under our new structure with these new growth plans from the 1st of January 2013. Willis Global has grown well for many years. Our intention is to turn it up a notch or three over the coming years. We all know the opportunity is there for us to exploit. Finally, I want to update you briefly on our progress on the implementation of Willis Place. To remind you, Willis Place is a unique application built by us to enable our associates to demonstrate to our clients and prospects optimum solutions in terms of market selection, coverage, price, security, and other factors. Willis Place is a worldwide enterprise for Willis, embracing Willis International, Willis North America, and Willis Global. It's been eagerly welcomed across our businesses. We only started this development in late 2010 through a successful pilot in Willis Italy.
I'm delighted to report we've now trained thousands of our associates around the world on this new technology, its purpose, and its benefit for our clients. We're now operational with Willis Place in all of our largest volume territories, and 14,000 placements have been made using this new process. The algorithms that are at the heart of Willis Place technology are powered by client preference and a view of the carrier's appetite for the client's business, and by data that supports the choice of one particular carrier over another. This is clever stuff, unique in its client-centric approach and very powerful indeed. Based on our close evaluation of all of the competing approaches, we'd rather have Willis Place than any other platform. It serves Willis, and more importantly, our clients, the best.
Our team's done a tremendous job here, both the people in the central placement team and the insurance professionals in our retail and Willis Global businesses. Willis has a very strong and uniquely collaborative culture. Willis Place is Willis at its best. You can tell I remain excited about our opportunities, and again, I know I speak on behalf of the entire team in Willis Global in saying we're very optimistic about our future. With that, I'll hand over to Mike Neborak to discuss our financial results.
Thank you, Steve, and hello, everyone. As you heard, we made substantial progress building our business in Q2. Key areas of focus remain expense management, infrastructure investments, and allocating capital, as highlighted by repurchasing shares and reducing debt during the quarter. In reviewing the numbers, all comparisons are to Q2 2011, unless otherwise noted. All references to adjusted figures exclude those items that we disclosed in the supplemental financial information in our press release. Adjusted net income from continuing operations was $104 million, or $0.59 per diluted share. That compares to $107 million or $0.61 per diluted share in the second quarter of 2011. As noted in our press release, foreign currency fluctuations positively impacted our results by $0.06 per share. To get a bit more granular on FX, the P&L benefit had two components.
First, we recorded foreign currency translation adjustments to both our revenues and expenses for the period. Since many of the currencies in which we do business weakened against the dollar, this resulted in a $24 million reduction of our revenues. It also resulted in an $18 million reduction in expenses for the period, recorded as a $14 million reduction in salaries and benefits, and a $4 million reduction in other operating expenses. The translation component resulted in a net $6 million negative impact to our pre-tax earnings. Second, we recorded foreign exchange in the amount of $19 million as a reduction to other operating expenses from revaluing assets and liabilities denominated in non-functional currencies. That result was primarily driven by the revaluation of pound sterling-denominated net liabilities in our London market operations.
In total, foreign exchange reduced revenue by $24 million and reduced operating expenses by $37 million, producing the $0.06 per share benefit. Let me turn to expenses. Total reported operating expenses were down $42 million or 6%, from $705 million in the second quarter 2011 to $663 million. On an adjusted basis, total operating expenses decreased by 8 million, from $676 million to $668 million, or approximately 1%. When the $37 million benefit from foreign exchange is excluded, our adjusted operating expenses grew $29 million or 4.3%. If you exclude the impact of lower expense credits in the second quarter of 2012 versus second quarter 2011, expense growth was 3.5%. On a year-to-date basis, adjusted operating expenses grew 3.3%, excluding foreign exchange. Let me talk a little bit about the component pieces.
First, adjusted salaries and benefits were up 1% or $5 million, from $495 million to $500 million in the quarter. Once again, excluding the $14 million positive impact from foreign exchange, underlying growth was $19 million or 3.8%. The largest driver of salaries and benefit growth was increased amortization expense related to cash retention awards, which grew $10 million from $44 million in the year-ago quarter to $54 million in the current quarter. In addition, annual salary increases, which take effect in the second quarter, as we discussed last quarter, the investment in new hires throughout the second half of 2011 impacted the year-over-year comparisons. Year-to-date, adjusted salaries and benefits grew 2.9%, excluding foreign exchange. The second piece, other operating expenses on an adjusted basis were down $12 million or 8.2% in the quarter from $146 million to $134 million.
Excluding the $23 million favorable impact from foreign exchange, other operating expenses grew by $11 million or 7.5%. Approximately one half of that growth was due to a year-over-year decrease in expense credits derived from the release of funds and reserves related to potential legal liabilities. In the second quarter of 2012, we recorded $3.5 million expense benefit compared to a $9 million benefit taken in the second quarter last year. In addition, as we have discussed in previous quarters, we continue to invest in technology and systems, which also impacted year-over-year comparisons. Year-to-date, adjusted other operating expenses grew 4.9%, excluding foreign exchange. As you know, operating margins are a key measure of performance and tracked very closely by management. In Q2, our adjusted operating margin contracted 80 basis points from 21.5% to 20.7%. Excluding foreign exchange, our adjusted operating margin declined 290 basis points to 18.6%.
Several factors impacted this result. 35 basis points from lower investment income, 65 basis points from the difference in expense credits, and 35 basis points from the impact of Loan Protector. The remainder, approximately 155 basis points from adjusted expense growth exceeding revenue growth. Turning to tax, on an adjusted basis, income tax expense for the quarter was $34 million, resulting in an income tax rate of 24.1% compared to 24.5% in the year ago quarter. We continue to expect the 2012 effective tax rate to be between 24%-25%. Now let me discuss the associates line, which is outside of our operating numbers. As you know, the associates line consists primarily of our share of the after-tax earnings from Gras Savoye, France's leading broker. For the quarter, that line recorded a loss equal to $1 million versus a loss of $3 million in the year ago period.
Most of our income from this line is booked in Q1 and is driven by the seasonality in Gras Savoye's business. Like many businesses located in the Eurozone, Gras Savoye's operations are being pressured by the economy. In addition, Gras Savoye recently appointed a new CEO and is undergoing a business review that is designed to drive growth in revenues and operational efficiencies. As a result of these two factors, we expect the associates line for full year 2012 to be down $6 million-$7 million versus 2011. More specifically, in the third quarter, we expect the associates line to be a loss of $1 million-$2 million. In Q4, we expect the line to show a loss of $5 million-$6 million. While these are our best estimates, keep in mind that we do not control the numbers produced by our associates.
However, we recognize that many of you model our associates' results using prior year amounts as the base. We thought it necessary to inform you of these developments. On our balance sheet, total debt outstanding at the end of the quarter was approximately $2.4 billion, and our debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio was approximately 2.7 times. During the quarter, we generated approximately $100 million in cash from operations. Capital expenditures totaled $27 million. We repaid $35 million of our revolver, leaving a balance outstanding of $50 million, and we purchased more than one million shares of stock for a total price of approximately $37 million. At June 30th, cash and cash equivalents amounted to $407 million. That compares to $436 million at June 30, 2011. With that, I'll turn it back to Joe.
Thank you very much, Michael. I know this call is running late. We started late because we wanted to make sure as many people that could be on would be on. I'll just finish with a couple of comments. The first half of the year is behind us. As you probably heard, each of the segment heads discuss their businesses and some of the issues we faced this year. We're very confident that because the first half of the year is over, that a lot of things go away and many things show up in the second half. Importantly, I hope you have an appreciation as to why we're optimistic about the second half of 2012.
Loan Protector, that comparison is behind us, thank goodness. Last year's fraudulent activity that we talked about had just one more quarter to go in terms of difficult comparisons, and that goes away. This company is not watching in the rear view mirror. It's all about the road ahead and about doing everything we can to drive revenue growth and expand margins in a continuing difficult global economy. We spent the first half of this year relentlessly executing our revenue initiatives with great emphasis on building pipelines. Sales 2.0 and Willis Place are starting to kick in, as you've heard. We believe our pipelines are primed and expect that they should benefit our top line going forward. As Vic mentioned earlier, our producer headcount in North America is finally on the upswing after years of playing defense against defections.
Retention is back up, and that, combined with those filling pipelines, should mean more revenue. Tim and Steve are in the process of reorganizing their businesses in order to optimize top and bottom line. We've already seen good flow of transactions across our businesses, including a few large deals that I said earlier we expected would close in the second quarter, but were pushed into the second half of this year. We will continue to manage our expense growth as you come to expect us from here at Willis, where the revenues exceed the expenses, which did not happen in the second quarter, which is the reason why most of decline on the margin took place. I'll end it there with the hope that you can sense that the excitement that we feel going forward into the second half of this year is real.
Thank you very much, we'll take questions at this point.
Thank you. We will now begin the question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star one. You'll be prompted to record your name. To withdraw your request, please press star two. One moment while we wait for the first question or comment. Keith Walsh, Citi, your line is open.
Hey, good morning, everybody.
Hey, Keith.
Just quickly for Vic, a couple, then I got something for Tim. Vic, in EB, the contingents, will they completely make up for the commission squeeze we're seeing on revenues and earnings?
It's hard to predict that exactly because we haven't received any of them yet. We've also just started implementing those contracts in April as opposed to for the full year. I expect that in the long haul, they will replace it.
I think that and the fact that you'll have better revenue growth in the second half because of our EB platform. The combination of better growth in EB and the reception of the contingents together, Keith, I think will make for a better outcome.
Secondly, for Vic, even if we adjust for the items you mentioned in Willis North America, you're still lagging the peers there. I appreciate the clarity around the initiatives around pipeline retention and recruiting. We're 4 years post HRH. Why are we talking about this now and not a couple of years ago?
All I can tell you, Keith, is from when I stepped into the job, I had to take a look at the basics of the business. It's, in my mind, not a very complex business, you have to focus on pipelines, you have to focus on growing producers, you have to focus on retention. I can't really comment on my competitors, but I know what it takes to get this business growing, that's what I'm focused on.
I want to make an additional comment, Keith. When we did the HRH transaction, we did it the worst possible time we could do it, people forget that. We closed that deal in October of 2008. The timing couldn't be worse. It was a good deal to do it. Timing couldn't be worse. We bought a company that had, before, 280 acquisitions were all disparate. To integrate all of those offices and to make one company at a time when the economy was bad, when markets were terrible, the credit markets were closed, obviously rates were very, very soft. To do all of that at the same time and create a culture is difficult. You're not going to spend time with new accounts and pipelines. You're going to spend time keeping people, changing systems, integrating cultures.
That takes long in itself, then you throw the economic conditions on top of that in the U.S., it simply took longer. Instead of concentrating on pipelines, you're concentrating on holding onto accounts, people that left, people weren't making as much money. Other people are trying to get them by giving them more money and guaranteeing them deals over a period of time. All of this stuff we have fought, I would tell you that at this stage of the game, halfway point of 2012, even though it's four years later, even though it's taken a lot of time and a lot of frustration, I think most of that's over. When you have a deal like the fraud that took place in Chicago that we talked about, that we needed like a hole in the head.
Those things happen, you fight through it, you've got to separate structural systemic problems from issues that occurred because of what happened with HRH, what happened in the economy, the things that we've been through. I think we're through all that. The question about why all of that now had to do with what you were doing at the time to make sure that the business was right, it was being downsized, things were merged, the offices were integrated. We integrated over 60 offices in the U.S., which was a chore in itself. That is all behind us, I think we're ready for growth. If you add up all the things that Vic talked about, which is we had one lost account which probably cost us a point. We had the EB issues, would probably cost us another point.
You had the EB fraud, Loan Protector, and all of those things. When you start to add it up, you're in positive ground. When that stuff goes away, which most of it will go away, we got one more quarter of the fraud in Chicago. You're going to start to see the growth that we expected to see all along. It just happened to start late because we were playing a different game than everybody else. If you compare us to the others, it's, I don't think, a suitable comparison because they didn't go through what we went through. That's the way the game is played. We made the deal. I'm glad we made it now. We got a great platform in the U.S. It just took a little bit longer.
Okay. Then just for Tim on international, Joe mentioned in his script that 2% growth is an anomaly, I believe he said so. Specifically speaking about the U.K. and continental Europe, if you could walk us through the math on how you improve. Currently, you've got good retention, it sounds like, and stable new business. How do you improve on that to offset what is likely shrinking exposures and flat at best pricing we're probably going to see in that part of the world in 2013? Thanks.
Hi, Keith. Well, a few things. The story is different by country. As you know, the U.K. business is in turnaround. We reported in the fourth quarter of last year a 16% decline in that business, and that has been cut substantially to low single digits in the current quarter. We expect that turnaround momentum to continue. The maths on that's a big business, Keith. That's almost 20% of international. Just being flat in that business has a positive impact on our earnings, and we're not going to be satisfied at flat. We want to grow that business in the future. In terms of continental Europe, again, it's a mixed story by different parts of the region. In Northern Europe, we've actually seen pretty good growth in a number of markets.
In Southern Europe, as you know, those are the economies, Spain and Italy, that have borne the brunt of the Eurozone crisis. We're not going to be immune to that, but we're fortunate that we have strong management there who leverage the full capabilities of the group, have a strong sales culture, follow their clients around the world. They're able to grow, maybe a little bit more modestly, but grow despite the environment. Then, of course, there's Central Eastern Europe, which has provided a lot of growth. The maths, Keith, to have improved growth in this region is a combination of turning around performance in the U.K. and share gain in the other European markets on the back of our sales initiatives and sales pipelines.
Thanks.
I think you'll see, relative to what Tim just said, and we're looking at, in terms of our numbers, probably a restoration in the second half to what the numbers that we've usually put up in Willis International return, Keith.
Our next question comes from Cliff Gallant, KBW. Your line is now open.
Hi, Cliff.
Good morning. I just want to understand the pipeline discussion. How do you define what a pipeline is? You say it doubled year to date. How did that come about? What drove the increase?
We track pipelines very heavily in the company. We've always tracked them, I think, remarkably closely on a week-to-week basis. What we believe is, we look at our business plans, and we say how much new business has to be done to reach certain levels of revenue activity. What we say is, that we take 30% or so that we need to convert a prospect to an account. The coverage on our pipelines has to be robust at least to the tune of two times or three times that which we actually need to be able to generate the business that we want to generate. What we're saying is that one time would be kind of close to the vest. Two times gives us enough coverage. You heard Vic talk about approaching three times by the end of the year.
I would say that the company is in the two to two and a half times range. Vic made a point of the fact that it's a big deal now, simply because they got time getting new business rather than holding on to business, which is the point that he was trying to make. This is something we're very excited about, when you see, it's like how many ships they're going to come in, tell me how many ships you sent out. I'm telling you, in our case, these pipelines look very good, it gives us a greater sense of predictability as it relates to the future, Cliff.
Thank you.
Adam Klauber, William Blair, your line is now open.
Thanks. Good morning, everyone.
Hi, Adam.
On comp expenses, can you give us any visibility what the amortization award should be next year? It seems like the growth is over 20% this year. Are we looking at flat next year, or is it still going to be growing next year?
Well, it's going to grow next year, but at a lower rate than it's growing this year. I think in the past, Adam, I mentioned that the year-over-year increase, that meaning the increase 2012 versus 2011, was going to be somewhere around $35 million. I said next year, it will still grow, but at a much lower rate. I also mentioned that'll probably be in the low $20 million-$25 million in terms of a growth. Down from $35 growth to $20-$25 growth.
What you're seeing is, as you remember, it was 65 last year, 35 this year, and he's telling you that it's in the 20-ish range. Every year it's going to be growing less, you're picking up $15 million or whatever the case may be, which is also all going to augur well with regard to our numbers next year. We're pretty confident that that's the number. Again, another example of as the world continues to go on for Willis, the numbers get better.
Okay, how did capital markets do this quarter? Was it additional to growth?
Capital markets did great. The problem is that the deals that they did great with didn't hit. As I said in my commentary, we have a high expectation that there will be a lot of activity in the second half that will result in, I think, in a considerable amount of business. I just can't tell you how much. It's very lumpy. We have no control over these things closing, but I can tell you that they're in the stages of closing. In one case, one deal, it was two days into the quarter. I just can't announce what that was, but I can tell you that the second half should be pretty bountiful, frankly, and I know that that's a big word.
Okay. That's helpful. Also, on North America, did I hear right? Were there also some deals in North America that got pushed in the second half, or is that mainly in the global business?
No, that was mainly in the Willis Global business, and Steve mentioned that.
Okay. Finally, it's good to see some buybacks. Could you give us an idea how much cash you have available for buybacks in the second half of the year?
Well, our cash balance, as I mentioned at the end of June, was a little bit more than $400 million. Not a lot of that cash is available in terms of for general corporate purposes. We have it in various entities that are regulated or where we need to keep cash. I'd say on the balance sheet right now, there's probably about $30 million-$50 million that I'd call available for general corporate purposes.
Okay. Thanks a lot.
Thanks, Adam.
We have a question from Greg Locraft, Morgan Stanley. Your line is open.
Thanks. Good morning.
Good morning.
Just wanted to get an update on the CEO succession plan.
Talking about me?
Yes.
Oh. You could've referred to me as something like Joe or something.
Oh, okay. Well, are you staying? Are you going? What's the plan, and what's the timing around it all?
As I said before, the succession planning process continues. The board is obviously concentrating on that. Everybody knows my contract is up next July. I am concentrating on this business, which you can hear, I hope you can hear in my voice, is I think going to be very exciting going forward. They are worried about succession, and I am worried about running this business every day. I am going to eliminate the word worry. I am excited about running the business every day and seeing the clarity get better and better.
Okay. In terms of timing, though, I know you cannot speak necessarily for the board, it is a big job. There is a lot going on at the corporation. When do you guys put this in place so everyone can move on and know what is happening?
I obviously cannot answer that. As soon as I know, you will know. How is that? Everybody will know at the same time. It is something, obviously, that the board is working on, and I mean it. The succession planning, when you get somebody that has been around as long as I have, you take very seriously. You go through a big process, and I let them do that, and we are doing this. Hopefully, you get a sense that what we are doing here is exciting. I think it is exciting. I think that the worst is over. A lot of stuff that we had to trudge our way through is almost behind us, except for a couple of things in the third quarter, which should not affect the third quarter in a big way. I think all that stuff is behind us. I cannot tell you any more than that.
It will happen. We will let you know, obviously.
Great. No, I totally appreciate that. Thanks. One other one, totally different. It's just, from your level, Joe.
Yeah
What is the minimum organic growth rate you need to drive operating margin improvement in the business?
I think it's obviously higher than what it is now. The 2% is not acceptable. What we've tried to do very hard is to give you a sense of all of the things that aren't in there, that if you added them back in, what you would get is more than 2%. That by virtue of that, we think we would cover our expenses very well. Without telling you that, I've tried to give you examples of if you added 1% more back for this and 1% more back for that, and 1% more back for that, and then what didn't hit in capital markets, et cetera. You're not 2% anymore. You're up there pretty good, where we think you're at a level where our expenses are covered.
Okay. I guess you may dodge this one, but when do you think we're going to get that? I understand you can't always-
I said we'd do it. Come on.
Okay, great. I appreciate it. Thanks, guys.
Daniel Farrell, Sterne Agee, your line is now open.
Thanks, and good morning. In your prepared remarks on the segment discussion, you've obviously focused a lot on revenue and pipeline, but there's been less focus on costs. To what extent do you think the margin pressure, in your view, is it more of a revenue issue or a cost issue? I can certainly understand the negative organic pressures in North America, but you've had some positive organic International, and those margins have declined at a greater pace. Then could you also talk a little bit about some of the cost issues?
I think it's a revenue issue. I don't think we have a cost issue. I think we do cost pretty well in this place. We always have. That's been one of the things that people have always suggested that we do very well. I think that it's simply a revenue issue. When you have International at 2%, when it's usually 6 or 7, that doesn't help margins. If you listened and you got North America, at -2 or -3, depending upon that word again, Loan Protector, that's going to be positive one day because that's going to go away. I think the Global will continue to grow and continue to be strong if you heard what Steve had to say.
I think it's more of a revenue issue, which you're going to start to see coming to the fore like it used to in the past. I don't think it's a cost issue at all. That's why we didn't spend a lot of time talking about it. I think we've been very judicious about our cost. The issue is revenue. When you're generating 2% revenue in a quarter, might be for all the reasons we mentioned, but it is 2%, that's got to improve, and we believe it will. That's the reason why we spend so much time trying to give you some comfort around the fact that we're concentrating on that. If you look at the margin that Mike went through, 150 basis points of the margin decline came from the fact that the revenue was less than the expense.
Not because we spent too much, because you got 2% revenue growth, you're not going to do wonderful things. That's the issue, which we think, and hopefully you've heard in our voices, we think will change.
Okay, thank you.
Thomas Mitchell, Miller Tabak, your line is now open.
Along with the issue of succession at the top, there's been a tremendous amount of change in your cadre of executives in recent periods. This, of course, it's sort of a double-barreled issue. On the one hand, it presents those of us who follow you with a picture of, okay, there's change, and the change is presumably valuable and important. On the other hand, it also raises the issue of what was wrong before. Especially when we're talking about how your performance rates against other insurance brokers, the question comes up whether or not you are treating as extraordinary issues that would be more considered part of the way that you run a business year in and year out. How do you respond to that?
Yeah, I'd be glad to respond to it. First of all, you heard from the people who run our businesses, and you could hear, hopefully you could hear, they're very articulate. They know what they're doing. They've been around here a long time. Vic's been around here for over 12 years. Steve's been around here since the HRH acquisition four years ago and has run reinsurance and run Glencairn before that, and now runs the global businesses. These are not neophytes. Tim's been around for more than, if I count the times that he was here, helping us on a consultancy basis, has been here a long time. These are seasoned executives, so that we're not filling these holes with people who don't know what they're doing. That's number one.
Number two, we had, and I could really appreciate that if I were you, and I'm sitting on the other side, and I'm looking at some of the difficulties Willis has had, and then I see people leaving, it doesn't feel right. It feels like something's wrong in the place. I'm saying to myself, and I said to my colleagues, "These people think there's something's wrong." The fact of the matter is there's nothing wrong structurally or systemically. We simply had three people that left. Four people actually. Three of whom, let's put it this way, left on a mutual basis. One decided to go pursue something else, and that was Grahame Millwater after 26 years of being here, the others was mutual, and I don't want to get into that.
It wasn't because that caused any structural or systemic problem, or there was any issue in the company, or there was a revolution, or there was any of those things. I could understand how it would appear that way on the outside when you couple the results and you couple people leaving. You'll say, "That's a ship that really bothers me, that might be going in a direction we don't want." That is not the case. That would be a big mistake to assume that.
Okay. I can accept that. I think that's interesting. Now, I really appreciate you laying that out. The other question I have is totally unrelated, but it was almost a year ago, I think, that you discussed going after more of the big international, multinational corporate business, and Martin Sullivan's responsibilities for that. Haven't heard anything lately in the last couple of quarters about that. How is that going, and is that still really on the front burner?
Not only is it going well, I will allow you to speak to Martin Sullivan himself. Martin?
Thanks very much, Joe, and good morning. In fact, it was hard to believe it was actually closer to two years ago.
Was it that long ago?
Joe announced the initiative. I'm pleased to report that we've got very good momentum. We're very focused, we're very disciplined in expanding the penetration into the Global 1,220 as we've defined it, which is the segment of clients excess of $7 billion in revenues. I think we've got an outstanding value proposition. We're delivering that across the organization, in various geographies. Just to give you some indication, I think, in a previous call, we gave some information out that we touched about 27% of the Global 1,220 two years ago. We're now up to close to 40% penetration into that segment. I.e., that means we have a share of wallet of approximately 40% of the Global 1,220. As Joe said, it's going well. The great thing and the most exciting thing is the size of the opportunity out there.
As I say, we're remaining very disciplined in our targeting and our marketing to those clients and prospects.
Thanks, Martin.
Thank you.
That's great. Thank you very much.
Anybody else?
Yes, Matthew Heimermann, JPMC, your line is open.
Hi, good morning, everybody.
Hi, Matthew. How are you doing?
Well, thank you. How about yourself?
Good.
Question for you. Just when you're talking about some of the things that dragged on 2Q this year, are you telling us that we should feel whatever our view was for the second half, we should feel comfortable in that view? Or we actually, if some of these things hit, should be feeling better about, like, actually potentially thinking that things could be better than we were thinking about originally?
That's a tough answer because, I don't know how each individual of you feel. Everybody has different aspirations. You got different estimates for the second half. All I can tell you is how we feel. Hopefully, I've expressed how we feel, and we feel very good. We've experienced stuff that I've never experienced in 45 years, to be honest with you. I'm a fighter like everybody else, and you go through those patches. You go through slumps. It's the people who dust themselves off and get back in the game. I hope you're getting a sense that we've gotten back in the game, and we're in the game in a big way. The second half is going to be better.
Relative to what each individual of you think better is, I can't tell you that because I can't give you a single answer against what each individual might feel. You're going to have to figure that out for yourself. What you're getting is we feel like the second half is going to be better.
Just on Willis Place, can you give us a sense of maybe kind of the key things about Willis Place that are a little bit different than some of the other things some of your competitors on, and why those differences or how those differences make the platform appealing to customers?
Thanks for that question, because that is a great question, and Steve Hearn is going to answer it.
Thanks, Joe. Yeah, it is a great question. We're obviously familiar with our competitors' platforms and how they've approached this. We started with the client, and it's a very, as I said in the words I delivered earlier, it's a very client-centric system. As part of the sales process, in our retail businesses and in our Global businesses, as we engage with a client, we understand what their appetite and tolerance is for various factors around security, risk, pricing, the quality of the capacity that's provided, et cetera. There's an engagement with the client directly in putting their appetite in terms of those types of characteristics within the system. The system, through its algorithms, looks at our global marketplace in terms of the carriers and their appetite to write certain risks, either by product class, geography, and their appetite in terms of engaging with our client base.
It's very client-centric. Other systems, without being too specific, are driven, I believe, by the desire of the organizations that have built them rather than being necessarily client-centric. That's the key differentiator, and I think that's recognized by the marketplace with which we trade.
Is this effectively what it does for if I'm a broker working at Willis, it allows me to be more efficient because I might go to with a particular client. If I'm in North America and one underwriter is all I need to place the business, I can get down to the two or three that are most necessary. If I'm in London putting a wholesale slip together and I need five to 10 carriers, I'm not going to waste time because it's going to call the list down to where I'm likely to get hits and everything that's going to fit together. Is that the right way, from an internal perspective, to think about it?
Yeah. I'd say to you, a very good description of it. Absolutely. There are efficiency gains which we can get out of our broking activity as well. It is absolutely about matching the right carrier with the right client, and that takes out some efficiency. There's all sorts of benefits out of that. Economic, certainly, compliance, in terms of making sure we've got the right proposition in front of the right customer. All sorts of benefits. Your description's accurate, yes.
Okay. Is this something that potentially, could electronically, effectively bind business as well? Or is that on potential easy, standard policy type things, or is that far in the future?
Yeah. I think, no, it doesn't do that at the moment. I wouldn't want to mislead you, obviously. It does not do that at the moment. Yes, I think probably if you envision further down the track in a couple of years' time, where you've got simplistic transactions, where we have facilities in place, where the transaction is simple, absolutely. At the moment, Willis Place sits on top of the core accounting and settlement transactional system. There's a way to go, I think, before we'd be in that position. Yes, absolutely part of our vision for the future.
Okay. Thanks a lot.
Thank you.
Jay Cohen, Bank of America, Merrill Lynch, your line is now open.
Yeah, thank you very much.
Hi, Jay.
Hey, Joe. Maybe just one quick follow-up on the last question on Willis Place. Is there a big investment to be made in Willis Place? Will that have at least some dragging effect on the earnings at all?
Yeah. Should I take that, Joe?
Yeah.
Yeah. The fundamental investment's already been made, actually. As I said earlier, we've now rolled this out in all of our key volume territories. The technology's in place, in those operations. It's capitalized cost in many respects, and the big investment's done. You've got that reflected in our numbers.
Yeah. If you're asking, is there more big expense to come to fill this out?
The answer is no. Whatever expense is going to come from Willis Place is actually going to be in the rollout and implementation phase, which is nothing compared to the technology in building the algorithms, Jay, that went into that. I might also add, that's really unique about this, that it's also coupled with the Willis Quality Index, which gives us the ability to show our clients what quality measures we've given each carrier in various categories of measure of service. The quality index is part of selling to the client. This is the best match for you, and you ought to know this is how we score the carriers against each kind of category, like service, claims, paying, how quick they send out the contracts and things of that nature and policy.
It is different than everybody else, and this is just something that will be in full bloom and manifest itself certainly in the second half of the year and certainly next year.
Yes.
That's great. Thank you. The other question I had was on the global segment. It sounds like there's potentially some decent-sized transactions that will come in the third quarter. Just looking at my model, it looks like last year, third quarter, you had some pretty sizable one-time benefits in the global segment, I think, in reinsurance. I'm just wondering, just for modeling purposes, how tough is that comparison in the third quarter?
We did some work last year in terms of profitability around reinsurance relationship dividend, which as you say, had some benefit in Q3. The track on our reinsurance business, as you've seen yet again, continues to perform very well. As I said earlier, born out of new business, and some rate. Also good retention, in that we expect that momentum to be continued through Q3 and Q4. I don't see that being an issue for us in Q3.
That's great. Thank you.
Our next question comes from Brett Huff, Stephens Inc. Your line is now open.
Good morning.
Hi, how you doing?
Good. One quick question. You mentioned that these couple of deals that had slipped, is the expectation that those will be a 3Q or 4Q event, or is there news on any of them closing, any other specific timing color on those?
Definitely by the end of the year.
Okay. On the retention amortization going up, what kind of metrics have you all seen as it relates to that, the benefits that you've seen from that? How are you kind of measuring the return on that sort of expanded bonus pool?
Well, if you're asking, it's going up, as I said earlier, and Mike said earlier, it's going up at a lesser pace, at a lesser rate, it'll cost us less next year. If you're asking, has this method of paying people retained them because it's called the retention award, I think the answer is yes. There are a lot of people. I can't give you a metric. All I know is that our turnover is low. It's in the lowest double digits to 4%-12% range , which as you know, pretty low for a large corporation. We've never done a survey to find out whether or not the retention award has kept people here. Our sense is that if you look at the numbers, that it has.
Okay. Those are the two questions I needed. Thanks for your time.
You're welcome.
Our next question comes from Meyer Shields, Stifel Nicolaus. Your line is open.
Thanks. Good morning.
Hi, Meyer.
How are you, Joe? I appreciate your taking so much time today. A couple of really quick questions.
As much as you want. We'll be here all day if you want.
Okay. Maybe I'll take up on that. How much were the fraud revenues in the third quarter of 2011?
Say that again, please. I'm sorry.
The fraudulent revenues in 2011, just for modeling, how much was that? In, sorry, the third quarter of 2011.
I'm sorry, I didn't hear the first part.
Okay. The revenues associated with the fraud in Chicago that you said will pose a little bit of a drag to revenues in the third quarter of this year. I'm just trying to get a sense of the number.
No, it was $4 million second quarter.
Third?
Third quarter, it should be about the same.
Okay.
It's over.
Okay. When you talk about the contingents in employee benefits, are those predicated on growth or profitability?
Go ahead, Vic.
This is Vic. Those are going to be based on predominantly growth, but some of them may have profitability components. Every one of those contracts is negotiated individually state by state because that's the nature of that business. There's going to be a variety of different ways we achieve those.
Okay. Last question, I guess, for Steve. If I ascribe to the theory that it's the number of insurance companies that are fighting for share that impact pricing, is the pipeline for capital markets transactions something that you think will shift the marketplace?
I guess I can answer that question. I can only tell you that, from a capital markets point of view, I have never seen the pipeline be as robust as it is today, and mainly in M&A activity. I'd say almost exclusively M&A activity. We're doing a lot of cat bonds. Cat bonds have picked up, as you know, a lot. If you want to hear about that, Steve can talk to, or Peter can talk about that. The M&A activity in the pipeline is huge. I think we'll see lots of deals hit in the second half. It's almost daily now when Tony Ursano is telling me we've picked up this and we've picked up this, and we're getting a retainer on that, and there's just a lot of things going on.
I don't know what that tells you other than the fact that I guess insurance companies are looking at the future and saying, how could we consolidate and shore up our businesses?
I think, if I may add, Joe, I think your thesis is right. If we take a longer-term view in terms of consolidation in that area, there's got to be more transactions, and that we have close connection between our reinsurance business and our insurance businesses as well as the capital markets business. There should be an increasing, and as Joe says, robust pipeline for Willis Capital Markets. No question.
Okay, great. I think that's very positive, and thank you very much again.
Thank you.
Our next question comes from Ardella McCory. Your line is now open.
Thanks, good morning, everyone.
Morning.
A couple quick questions. First of all, maybe for Vic, you talked about the pipeline a lot more recently, maybe talk about the conversion rates that you're seeing there. Is that something that's getting better? Has it been pretty steady as the pipeline grows?
Well, thank you. I would say that the conversion rates still need to improve in my mind. We've been tracking them. The first thing we needed to do is fill the pipelines, get to a point where we had something to measure and track. As we go forward, I would expect them to improve.
Okay, that's helpful. Maybe for Mike, any impact going forward in terms of FX if the exchange rates stay where they are?
Not significant.
Okay. I guess last one for Joe, maybe the hot topic sort of with July coming sooner and sooner every day. Is there something in the company's bylaws that would sort of prohibit them from maybe offering you another contract or extending the contract for another year?
No, there's nothing in the company's bylaws that have to do with age or ethnic consideration. There's nothing that says you can't hire old Italian Americans.
I'm Italian too, don't worry.
I know. That's why I said that.
If the board were to ask you to stay on for an extra period of time, how would you respond to that?
I would respond to it by saying there's nothing in the bylaws that prohibit that.
Okay. Thank you very much.
Our last question comes from Mark Hughes, SunTrust. Your line is now open.
Yeah, thank you. Have you seen any uptick in employee benefits post the Supreme Court decision?
No. I'll let Vic answer that, but I don't think so.
Yeah, I don't think we saw any uptick in employee benefits due to that. We still feel very bullish about that line of business. We're investing in that business because I think if you have the resources and the specialties in place, volatility gives you an opportunity to distinguish yourself, and that's why we're looking at it.
Our business, you got to understand, Mark, is a middle-market business in the U.S. The middle market is whether Obamacare stays in, stays out, whatever. These people have lots of issues one way or the other with regard to how they're going to take the dollar they have and be able to use it on a maximum basis. Our platform, which is called Total Rewards, allows people to make decisions based upon how much they have to spend on a voluntary basis against the backdrop of each employee. That's why we're so bullish about our employee benefits business or what we call human capital, because it does just that.
Thank you.
You're welcome. Anybody else?
I show no further questions.
You sure?
Yes.
I want to make sure. Okay. Thanks a lot, everybody. Have a great day. Appreciate the questions. Thank you.
This concludes today's conference call. Thank you for participating. You may disconnect at this time.