Kakao Income Statement

Financials in millions KRW. Fiscal year is January - December.

Millions KRW. Fiscal year is Jan - Dec.

Fiscal Year	TTM	FY 2024	FY 2023	FY 2022	FY 2021	FY 2020
Period Ending	Sep '25 Sep 30, 2025	Dec '24 Dec 31, 2024	Dec '23 Dec 31, 2023	Dec '22 Dec 31, 2022	Dec '21 Dec 31, 2021	Dec '20 Dec 31, 2020
Revenue	7,935,670	7,871,692	7,557,002	6,798,742	5,910,513	4,071,392
Revenue Growth (YoY)	0.29%	4.16%	11.15%	15.03%	45.17%	32.61%
Cost of Revenue	489,170	507,254	493,281	483,433	328,216	286,046
Gross Profit	7,446,500	7,364,438	7,063,721	6,315,308	5,582,297	3,785,347
Selling, General & Admin	5,951,377	5,999,719	5,821,157	5,143,827	4,612,444	3,060,891
Amortization of Goodwill & Intangibles	263,133	259,629	271,424	203,766	135,363	90,742
Other Operating Expenses	32,589	31,659	30,783	21,732	15,169	8,647
Operating Expenses	6,884,905	6,917,434	6,623,807	5,746,790	4,996,501	3,337,224
Operating Income	561,595	447,004	439,914	568,518	585,795	448,123
Interest Expense	-203,712	-203,712	-162,778	-109,871	-39,390	-18,945
Interest & Investment Income	235,213	252,587	219,743	178,943	75,467	37,830
Earnings From Equity Investments	23,525	12,567	-135,317	1,603,340	2,171,879	293,270
Currency Exchange Gain (Loss)	25,409	25,409	-4,071	-26,304	392.24	6,558
Other Non Operating Income (Expenses)	53,433	-39,653	-58,622	-274,838	-257,834	-36,622
EBT Excluding Unusual Items	695,463	494,203	298,868	1,939,788	2,536,310	730,215
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Investments	-63,302	-63,302	-42,016	41,610	35,085	123,327
Gain (Loss) on Sale of Assets	-12,809	-12,809	-20,869	24,980	12,609	11,393
Asset Writedown	-417,336	-417,336	-1,884,223	-736,580	-295,342	-456,000
Other Unusual Items	-3,572	-3,572	-	-864.34	-2,000	-
Pretax Income	198,445	-2,815	-1,648,240	1,268,935	2,286,661	408,935
Income Tax Expense	28,641	159,056	168,429	201,906	646,177	239,957
Earnings From Continuing Operations	169,805	-161,871	-1,816,669	1,067,029	1,640,484	168,979
Minority Interest in Earnings	62,696	217,148	804,118	290,990	-253,170	-17,378
Net Income	232,501	55,277	-1,012,551	1,358,019	1,387,314	151,601
Net Income to Common	232,501	55,277	-1,012,551	1,358,019	1,387,314	151,601
Net Income Growth	-	-	-	-2.11%	815.11%	-
Shares Outstanding (Basic)	439	439	437	436	432	423
Shares Outstanding (Diluted)	444	443	437	443	443	433
Shares Change (YoY)	1.23%	1.24%	-1.18%	-0.09%	2.38%	8.57%
EPS (Basic)	529.35	126.00	-2314.82	3117.84	3210.29	358.12
EPS (Diluted)	478.69	92.43	-2315.00	3066.23	3145.60	358.12
EPS Growth	-	-	-	-2.52%	778.37%	-
Free Cash Flow	814,134	870,843	765,948	225,461	1,090,353	787,950
Free Cash Flow Per Share	1834.13	1966.48	1751.06	509.36	2461.02	1820.78
Dividend Per Share	68.000	68.000	61.000	60.000	53.000	30.000
Dividend Growth	11.47%	11.47%	1.67%	13.21%	76.67%	18.11%
Gross Margin	93.84%	93.56%	93.47%	92.89%	94.45%	92.97%
Operating Margin	7.08%	5.68%	5.82%	8.36%	9.91%	11.01%
Profit Margin	2.93%	0.70%	-13.40%	19.98%	23.47%	3.72%
Free Cash Flow Margin	10.26%	11.06%	10.14%	3.32%	18.45%	19.35%
EBITDA	1,411,775	1,282,301	1,200,569	1,149,949	958,926	714,582
EBITDA Margin	17.79%	16.29%	15.89%	16.91%	16.22%	17.55%
D&A For EBITDA	850,180	835,297	760,655	581,431	373,131	266,459
EBIT	561,595	447,004	439,914	568,518	585,795	448,123
EBIT Margin	7.08%	5.68%	5.82%	8.36%	9.91%	11.01%
Effective Tax Rate	14.43%	-	-	15.91%	28.26%	58.68%
Advertising Expenses	-	399,920	399,885	410,098	382,276	211,406

Updated Sep 30, 2025. Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence. Standard template. Financial Sources.