Revenue by Segment

Financials in millions KRW. Fiscal year is January - December.

Millions KRW. Fiscal year is Jan - Dec.

Fiscal Year	FY 2025	FY 2024	FY 2023	FY 2022	FY 2021	FY 2020	FY 2019	FY 2018	FY 2017	FY 2016
Period Ending	Dec '25 Dec 31, 2025	Dec '24 Dec 31, 2024	Dec '23 Dec 31, 2023	Dec '22 Dec 31, 2022	Dec '21 Dec 31, 2021	Dec '20 Dec 31, 2020	Dec '19 Dec 31, 2019	Dec '18 Dec 31, 2018	Dec '17 Dec 31, 2017	Dec '16 Dec 31, 2016
Kakao Pay Corp	958.37B	766.24B	615.36B	521.36B	458.65B
Kakao Pay Corp Growth	25.08%	24.52%	18.03%	13.67%	61.28%
Kakao Games Corp	542.84B	881.31B	1.03T	1.15T	1.01T
Kakao Games Corp Growth	-38.40%	-14.03%	-10.68%	13.35%	104.33%
Kakao Mobility Corp	739.31B	674.99B	601.81B	483.69B	546.46B
Kakao Mobility Corp Growth	9.53%	12.16%	24.42%	-11.49%	95.10%
Kakao Piccoma Corp	597.54B	566.58B	577.22B	531.25B	461.12B
Kakao Piccoma Corp Growth	5.47%	-1.84%	8.65%	15.21%	82.11%
Kakao Entertainment Corp	1.74T	1.81T	1.87T	1.86T	1.42T
Kakao Entertainment Corp Growth	-4.10%	-3.24%	0.47%	30.87%	72.97%
Kakao Corp	2.68T	2.60T	2.50T	2.46T	2.67T
Kakao Corp Growth	3.30%	3.82%	1.75%	-7.96%	13.45%
Other	392.64B	339.79B	319.60B	319.69B	609.07B
Other Growth	15.55%	6.32%	-0.03%	-47.51%	112.11%
Consolidation Adjustment	-721.58B	-758.96B	-711.28B	-632.69B	-1,175.40B
SM Entertainment Corp	1.17T	986.20B	756.08B	-	-
SM Entertainment Corp Growth	18.72%	30.44%	-	-	-
Kakao G Corp.	-	-	-	106.36B	130.20B
Kakao G Corp. Growth	-	-	-	-18.31%	11864.98%
Total	8.10T	7.86T	7.56T	6.80T	6.14T
Total Growth	2.99%	4.06%	11.15%	10.79%	47.63%

Revenue by Geography

Financials in millions KRW. Fiscal year is January - December.

Millions KRW. Fiscal year is Jan - Dec.

Fiscal Year	FY 2025	FY 2024	FY 2023	FY 2022	FY 2021	FY 2020	FY 2019	FY 2018	FY 2017	FY 2016
Period Ending	Dec '25 Dec 31, 2025	Dec '24 Dec 31, 2024	Dec '23 Dec 31, 2023	Dec '22 Dec 31, 2022	Dec '21 Dec 31, 2021	Dec '20 Dec 31, 2020	Dec '19 Dec 31, 2019	Dec '18 Dec 31, 2018	Dec '17 Dec 31, 2017	Dec '16 Dec 31, 2016
Other	21.06B	19.51B	56.15B	-	-
Other Growth	7.91%	-65.24%	-	-	-
Europe	80.87B	155.68B	148.11B	-	-
Europe Growth	-48.05%	5.11%	-	-	-
South Korea	6.43T	6.22T	6.08T	-	-
South Korea Growth	3.37%	2.34%	-	-	-
Asia	1.15T	1.07T	958.52B	-	-
Asia Growth	7.80%	11.53%	-	-	-
North America	411.89B	396.66B	313.43B	-	-
North America Growth	3.84%	26.55%	-	-	-
Total	8.10T	7.86T	7.56T	-	-
Total Growth	2.99%	4.06%	-	-	-

Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence.