Good morning, welcome to Deere & Company second quarter earnings conference call. Your lines have been placed on listen only until the question and answer session of today's conference. I would now like to turn the call over to Mr. Tony Huegel, Director Investor Relations. Thank you. You may begin.
Thank you, Dexter. Also on the call today are Raj Kalathur, our Chief Financial Officer, and Josh Jepsen, our Manager of Investor Communications. Today, we'll take a closer look at Deere's second quarter earnings, then spend some time talking about our markets and our current outlook for fiscal 2016. After that, we'll respond to your questions. Please note that slides are available to complement the call this morning. They can be accessed on our website at www.johndeere.com. First, a reminder, this call is being broadcast live on the internet and recorded for future transmission and use by Deere & Company. Any other use, recording, or transmission of any portion of this copyrighted broadcast without the express written consent of Deere is strictly prohibited.
Participants in the call, including the Q&A session, agree that their likeness and remarks in all media may be stored and used as part of the earnings call. This call includes forward-looking comments concerning the company's plans and projections for the future that are subject to important risks and uncertainties. Additional information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differ materially is contained in the company's most recent Form 8-K and periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. This call also may include financial measures that are not in conformance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. Additional information concerning these measures, including reconciliations to comparable GAAP measures, is included in the release and posted on our website at www.johndeere.com/earnings under other financial information. Josh?
Thank you, Tony. John Deere's performance for the second quarter and first six months reflected the continuing impact of the downturn in the global farm economy, as well as weakness in markets for construction equipment. Nevertheless, all our businesses remained profitable. They benefited from the sound execution of our operating plans, the strength of our broad product portfolio, and our success establishing a more flexible cost structure. You may have also noticed that we've made changes in our outlook for sales and profits for the full year. Let's take a closer look at our second quarter results, beginning on slide three. Net sales and revenues were down 4% to $7.875 billion. Net income attributable to Deere & Company was $495 million. EPS was $1.56 in the quarter. On slide four, total worldwide equipment operations net sales were down 4% to $7.1 billion.
That's better than our previous net sales guidance of down about 8%. The higher sales in the quarter were largely due to timing differences of shipments between quarters, mainly attributable to agriculture and turf equipment in North America and Brazil. Price realization in the quarter was positive by 1 point. Currency translation was negative by 2 points. Turning to a review of our individual businesses, let's start with agriculture and turf on slide five. Net sales were flat in the quarter-over-quarter comparison. Foreign currency exchange had a negative impact on sales, with the biggest impact coming from the Brazilian real. Partially offsetting this was positive price realization. Operating profit was $614 million, down from $639 million last year. The decrease in operating profit was primarily driven by unfavorable foreign currency exchange, lower shipment volumes, and a less favorable product mix.
These factors were partially offset by price realization, lower production costs, and lower selling, administrative, and general expenses. Before we review the industry sales outlook, let's look at the fundamentals affecting the ag business. Slide six outlines U.S. farm cash receipts. Given the record crop harvest of the last three years and the resulting lower commodity prices, our estimate for 2015 cash receipts remains down about 10% from 2014's peak levels. Our 2016 forecast contemplates total cash receipts to be about $375 billion, down only slightly from 2015. On slide seven, grain stocks-to-use ratios remain at somewhat sensitive levels, even after the abundant harvest of the past three years. Global grain and oil seed demand continues to be strong, while supplies are now fully adequate.
Even so, unfavorable growing conditions in any key region of the world, as well as unknown impacts from any geopolitical tensions, could result in prices quickly moving higher. Our economic outlook for the EU 28 is on slide eight. Modest economic growth is continuing. However, the region is experiencing continued geopolitical risks, such as the upcoming Brexit referendum. Farm income remains below the long-term average, and weakness persists in the dairy sector. As a result, we are expecting lower industry farm machinery demand in the EU region. On slide nine, you'll see the economic fundamentals outlined for China and India. Due to the economic slowdown in China, we continue to anticipate lower industry sales.
Although the government continues to be supportive of the agriculture sector. Recent policy changes related to corn floor prices, reduction of corn stockpiles, and a less stringent position on grain self-sufficiency are causing short-term uncertainty for both domestic and global markets. Turning to India, the economy is growing, outpacing other emerging markets, and foreign investment is returning. The government continues providing assistance to the ag sector with programs such as minimum support prices for commodities, irrigation, and crop insurance. Lastly, the upcoming monsoon is expected to provide above-average moisture after two years of below-normal seasons. These factors are resulting in improved industry demand in India. Shifting to Brazil, slide 10 illustrates the crop value of agricultural production, a good proxy for the health of the agribusiness there. Ag production is expected to decrease about 2% in 2016 in U.S. dollar terms due to lower global commodity prices.
The situation is more positive in local currency, as Brazilian farmer profitability remains at good levels as crops are sold in dollars. Although Ag fundamentals remain positive, farmer confidence is low due to economic and political concerns, as well as growing inflation, all of which are leading to lower equipment sales. The political landscape is shifting with the recent impeachment vote of the Brazilian president and a new administration taking shape. This includes the appointment of an agriculture minister with strong ties to farming and agribusiness. Though it's too soon to draw conclusions, the agricultural sector seems encouraged by these changes. Staying in Brazil, slide 11 illustrates the finance rates for Ag equipment. Brazil recently announced details of eligible rates for government-sponsored finance programs. They apply to the upcoming budget year, which runs from July 2016 through June 2017.
Rates for Moderfrota will increase from 7.5%-8.5% for small and midsize farmers and from 9%-10.5% for large farmers. While the rates are being increased, it's important to note they remain below the level of inflation in Brazil. This announcement is a positive sign. It removes an element of uncertainty for farmers and conveys confidence the government will continue to support agriculture in spite of the economic and political challenges in Brazil. Our 2016 Ag and Turf industry outlooks are summarized on slide 12. Low commodity prices, stagnant farm incomes, and elevated used equipment levels in the U.S. and Canada are continuing to pressure demand for farm equipment. The decline is most pronounced in the sale of high-horsepower models. Our forecast for industry sales in the U.S. and Canada remains down 15%-20%, with large Ag equipment sales down 25%-30%.
The EU 28 industry outlook remains flat to down 5% in 2016 due to low crop prices and farm incomes, as well as continued pressure on the dairy sector. In South America, industry sales of tractors and combines are now projected to be down 15%-20% in 2016, a result of the downturn in Brazil and other commodity-driven economies in the region. Shifting to Asia, sales are expected to be flat to down slightly, primarily due to weakness in China. Turning to another product category, industry retail sales of Turf and utility equipment in the U.S. and Canada are projected to be flat to up 5% in 2016. Putting this all together on slide 13, fiscal year 2016 Deere sales of worldwide Ag and Turf equipment are now forecast to be down about 8%. This includes about 2 points of negative currency translation.
The improvement in our forecast is driven almost entirely by foreign currency exchange. Ag and Turf division operating margin is forecast to be about 7% in 2016, unchanged from the previous forecast. The implied decremental margin for the year is about 28%. Now let's focus on Construction & Forestry on slide 14. Net sales were down 16% in the quarter as a result of lower shipment volumes and higher sales incentive costs. Operating profit was $74 million in the quarter, down from $189 million last year. The decrease was driven by lower shipment volumes, higher sales incentive costs, and an unfavorable product mix. These were partially offset by lower production costs and lower selling, administrative, and general expenses. The higher sales incentive costs are reflective of the highly competitive environment in North America. The division's decremental margin was about 43%. Moving to slide 15.
Looking at the economic indicators at the bottom part of the slide, growth in construction spending less energy and GDP are both positive, and housing starts are expected to be just below 1.2 million units this year. In spite of these encouraging signs, the industry continues operating at a slow pace. Contributing factors are rental utilization rates continue to decline. Weak conditions persist in the energy sector. Used equipment is readily available and continues to be redeployed from energy-producing regions to other parts of the country. The mix of housing starts in the U.S. is skewed to multifamily homes, requiring less earthmoving equipment. Economic growth outside the U.S. is sluggish. As a result, Deere's Construction & Forestry sales are now forecast to be down about 13% in 2016.
The change from our previous forecast is largely driven by lower sales in the United States and Canada and the impact of higher sales incentive costs. The forecast for global forestry markets remains down 5%-10% from the strong levels we've experienced in recent years, primarily as a result of lower sales in the U.S. and Canada. C&F's full-year operating margin is now projected to be about 6%. The implied decremental margin for the year is about 32%. Let's move now to our financial services operations. Slide 16 shows the annualized provision for credit losses as a percent of the average owned portfolio. At the end of April, it was 17 basis points, reflecting the continued excellent quality of our portfolios. The forecast for 2016 now contemplates a loss provision of about 23 basis points.
The change from our previous guidance is related to our C&F retail note and agriculture revolving credit portfolios. Despite the increase, this would still put the year's losses below the 10-year average of 26 basis points and well below the 15-year average of 39 basis points. Moving to Slide 17, worldwide financial services net income attributable to Deere & Company was $103 million in the second quarter versus $170 million last year. The lower results were primarily due to higher losses on lease residual values, less favorable financing spreads, and a higher provision for credit losses. 2016 net income attributable to Deere & Company is now forecast to be about $480 million. The outlook reflects the same factors cited for the quarter, namely less favorable financing spreads, higher losses on lease residual values, and an increased provision for credit losses.
Also, remember that 2015 results benefited from a gain on the sale of crop insurance business of about $30 million. Before we move on to receivables and inventory, let's discuss the losses on residual values noted in the earnings release. The losses in the quarter were primarily related to impairment on both construction and agricultural equipment operating leases, with construction accounting for more than half of the amount. While short-term leases of 12 months or less make up only 15%-20% of the operating lease portfolio, they account for over 60% of the impairment charges in the quarter. Recent experience has seen both a higher rate of matured lease inventory being returned to John Deere Financial, in addition to higher loss rates upon the remarketing of these lease returns. We've taken a number of actions to mitigate risk on our operating lease portfolio.
A few examples include lowering residual values for future leases, most heavily impacting short-term leases, significantly restricting our short-term lease offerings, and increasing risk sharing with dealers. Slide 18 outlines receivables and inventories. For the company as a whole, receivables and inventories ended the quarter down $381 million. For the quarter, timing of shipments impacted the Ag and Turf division. We expect to end 2016 with total receivables and inventory down about $400 million, with reductions from both divisions. The change in the forecast for Ag and Turf is largely driven by foreign currency exchange. Field inventory to sales ratios for new large ag equipment are expected to end the year in line with 2015 year-end levels, which is consistent with our previous forecast. Our 2016 guidance for cost of sales as a percent of net sales, shown on Slide 19, is about 79%, unchanged from the last quarter.
When modeling 2016, keep these unfavorable impacts in mind: unfavorable product mix, Tier 4 product costs, and overhead spend. On the favorable side, we expect price realization of about one point, favorable raw material costs, lower pension and OPEB expense, and lower incentive compensation expense. Now let's look at a few housekeeping items. With respect to R&D expense on Slide 20, R&D was up 1% in the second quarter. Our 2016 forecast calls for R&D to be down about 1%, with approximately one point of negative currency translation. Moving now to Slide 21. S, A, and G expense for the equipment operations was down 5% in the second quarter, with currency translation, pension and OPEB, and incentive compensation accounting for nearly all of the change. Turning to Slide 22. Our 2016 forecast contemplates S, A, and G expense being down about 4%.
The same factors cited for the quarter account for about seven points of the full-year change. Turning to Slide 23. Pension and OPEB expense was down $50 million for the quarter and is forecast to be down about $200 million for the full year, unchanged from the previous forecast. On Slide 24, the equipment operations tax rate was 31% in the quarter, primarily due to discrete items. For 2016, the full-year effective tax rate is now forecast to be in the range of 31%-33%. Slide 25 shows our equipment operations history of strong cash flow. The forecast for cash flow from the equipment operation is about $2.1 billion in 2016. The company's third quarter financial outlook is on Slide 26. Net sales for the quarter are forecast to be down about 12% compared with 2015.
This includes about two points of price realization and unfavorable currency translation of about one point. Turning to Slide 27 and the full-year outlook. Our forecast now calls for net sales to be down about 9%. Price realization is expected to be positive by about one point. The reduction in price realization guidance is mostly in response to competitive pressures in the C&F division. Currency translation is negative by about two points. Finally, our full year 2016 net income forecast is now about $1.2 billion. In summary, there's little question that Deere will face challenging conditions for the rest of the year. Even so, it is noteworthy the company's continuing to perform at a much higher level than we've done in previous downturns. This is due in large part to our success in developing a more durable business model and a broader range of revenue sources.
What's more, the company's financial condition remains strong. In fact, we believe Deere is well-positioned to capitalize on attractive growth opportunities that will deliver value to our customers and investors in the future. Meanwhile, on the cost side, we're continuing to look for ways to streamline our operations and make them even more efficient and profitable. I'll now turn the call over to Tony.
Thank you, Josh. We're ready to begin the Q&A portion of the call. The operator will instruct you on the polling procedure. In consideration of others and our hope to allow more of you to participate in the call, please limit yourself to one question. That includes no multiple part questions. If you have additional questions, we ask that you rejoin the queue. Dexter?
Okay. We will now begin the question and answer session. If you would like to ask a question, please press star followed by the number one. Please record your name and company name so that we may introduce your question. Once again, to ask a question, that's star one, and to withdraw your question, star two. One moment please for the first question. Our first question comes from the line of Andrew Casey of Wells Fargo. You may now ask your question.
Thanks. Good morning. Question on the guidance. I'm trying to understand the components of the $100 million net income guidance reduction. The tax rate down kind of more than offsets the $45 million down in credit. Can you kind of run through the other factors driving net income guidance decrease? Because it doesn't really look like the operating profit, post corporate, really changed that much.
Sure. Yeah, there's a lot of moving pieces and I know you all love when I point out rounding. Truly, again, this quarter there is rounding. I will point out a few of those specifically. As you think about Ag and Turf, and the rounding there, we talk about a 7% operating margin. Understand that is rounding up. You're actually, I would say, you're closer to a 6.5 than you are 7. Similarly, Construction is also rounding up. As we point out, the 6%, it's really closer to 5.5. I would point out as well, the $1.2 billion in income is also a rounded number, and in this case, it is actually rounding down a little bit.
To your point, as you look at some of those moving pieces, when you think about Construction, when you think about some of the positive, as well as John Deere Financial coming down you don't necessarily see a full $100 million. I would point out, as you look at the change in our internal forecast for net income, it wouldn't be a full $100 million reduction either. It's just the way the rounding looks. It does go to the full 100. Again, you're right in the sense that obviously you're seeing some negatives from John Deere Financial. That income's obviously lower. The other larger item that did reduce in the quarter is around Construction & Forestry. As you think about that sales change, a good portion of that relates to pricing. With competitive pressures that we've seen, our price realization has come down.
Actually, I would tell you it's slightly negative in our forecast today. Remember, as we reduce pricing, that drops right to the bottom line. That does have a greater impact on the profitability of that particular division. Those are the major moving pieces.
Okay, it's not really related to other expense because that was considerably higher.
Yes, that's exactly right. Okay, thank you. Next caller.
Thank you very much. Our next question comes from the line of Jamie Cook of Credit Suisse. You may now ask your question.
Hi, good morning. I guess just a couple of questions. Tony, I think you guys covered the finance sub in your prepared remarks, could you just give a little more color? You said you changed some of your assumptions on residual values on risk-sharing agreements with dealers. Can you give color exactly on what you did there and your confidence level that this isn't the first step, I guess, more to come? Thanks.
Sure. Yeah. Certainly, I can't get too specific on the details of what we've done. Again, just from a competitive perspective, we try to be cautious around that. I think maybe to put some of this in context, remember the two key drivers when you think about operating leases and the gains or losses on the return of matured lease inventory, there's really two factors that we tend to focus on. What's the rate of return? How much of that equipment actually comes back to John Deere Financial? In this case, as we talked about, we're seeing on short-term leases a much higher return rate than the average portfolio. More of that equipment is coming back to John Deere Financial for disposition.
The second factor is, now of those that come back, how much can you sell that for versus what the residual value is? On the shorter term leases, we're seeing a higher level of loss generally on the disposition of that equipment. A lot of the work we've done is around how do we shore up and reduce the risk around those short-term leases. Obviously, as Josh Jepsen talked about in the opening comments, it's around residual values, changing those. Bringing in more risk sharing with the dealers. In fact, I would tell you on some of the used equipment, short-term leases, those 12-month leases, dealers today effectively are guaranteeing the residual value in terms of if we're going to write a 12-month lease on used ag equipment. Those are some of the changes that we would have made.
It's with the focus on how do we reduce some of that risk, primarily around the short-term portion of the business. We'll see as we move forward. We're doing a lot of work around how do we reduce the return rate going forward, doing some advanced marketing with our dealers and customers to, again, see more of that matured lease inventory stay with either the customer or the dealer, not get put back on John Deere Financial. As well as exploring as part of that, how can we dispose of that equipment more profitably. We'll see as we move forward. But those would be the two areas I would point out.
As much as I'd love to say we've captured it all and there's really no risk going forward, the change in the return rate as well as the loss rates are going to be the two factors we're looking at internally. That, I would point out, has a risk of getting worse. It also has the opportunity to get better if some of these activities do actually work out and we're able to reduce those two factors. Hopefully, a little bit more color that helps provide some idea of what we're doing there. Okay. Thank you. Thank you. Next caller? We'll get back in queue. Thank you.
Thank you very much. Our next question comes from the line of Adam Uhlman of Cleveland Research Company. You may now ask your question.
Hi, guys. Good morning.
Hi.
On raw material costs, I guess you had mentioned that you expect that to be favorable for the year, but we've seen steel prices move higher quite a bit recently. I'm wondering at what point in the year in your model does this start to become unfavorable? Is that going to start in the fourth quarter, or should we expect that in the first quarter of next year? Maybe talk through that.
That's a good point. I would point out certainly we would describe steel prices today as very volatile. As you pointed out, we've seen steel prices increase pretty dramatically here in the last several months. Started really with some spikes in pricing in China. I'd note that actually in the Chinese market, the pricing's come down pretty dramatically again. There are a lot of people who would argue that the high level they're at today is likely to come off of that pricing. Again, not that we're saying it's likely to come back down well below the $400 range either on some of the steel pricing. Candidly, the steel mills at that level are largely unprofitable. We would expect it to settle back a bit. Now, for Deere, to get specific to your question, we would point out our risk is mostly in our fourth quarter.
The way our contracts are set up, we don't have a lot of risk through third quarter. Going into fourth quarter, and then, of course, what that means for fiscal 2017, depending on where the steel prices settle in, could have some impact next year as well. Again, it's a little premature, given the volatility, to talk much about what 2017 might look like. For us, the risk is fourth quarter. I'd point out it's a relatively low steel purchasing quarter for us. Minimal impact on 2016. More risk in 2017.
Okay.
Thank you. Next caller?
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Jerry Revich of Goldman Sachs. You may now ask your question.
Hi. Good morning, everyone.
Hey, Jerry.
Tony, can you talk about the pace of operating lease growth for used equipment in ag for you from here? I think last year was one of the bigger levers that you folks used to bring down used equipment inventories in the channel, and I'm wondering if this year you're expecting a similar contribution. Have your plans there changed at all post the adjustment this quarter? Thanks.
Yeah. Again, I think the easiest way to answer that is it will depend on what our customer preferences are as their dealers seek to move that equipment. I'll point out again, as I have in the past, when you think about leasing versus retail notes, our preference, candidly, would always be a retail note versus an operating lease. If our customer's preference is to have an operating lease, then we'll certainly consider that. As I mentioned earlier, from a short-term perspective, specifically I'm talking about 12-month leases, we've made a number of changes that make those short-term leases candidly much less attractive in terms of some of the residual value changes. We would point out, it's really setting those residual values at a level that's more appropriate for the type of experience we're seeing today on the disposition of the matured lease inventory.
Going forward, certainly if a customer has a preference toward a longer-term lease when they're looking to buy used equipment, we would continue to look to offer that lease option from a financing perspective. I think there's a little bit of misunderstanding or information in the marketplace around the level of leasing, too. I've heard numbers as high as 50% is going into operating lease today. We would tell you year to date, if you look at operating leases versus retail modes, it's closer to a quarter of the volume is operating leases. Again, to be fair, that is higher than what it would've been historically, but it's nowhere near that half type of range that some are talking about.
Thanks, Tony. That half is not from us. Appreciate it.
Right. Thank you. Next caller?
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ross Gilardi of Bank of America Merrill Lynch. You may now ask your question.
Thanks, Tony. What are the factors that actually got you to flat year-on-year revenue in Ag, and yet you're implying an 11% revenue decline in the second half of 2016? What's going on there?
Sure. I'll remind you, last quarter, our sales came in a little lighter for first quarter than what we had forecast. We talked about there that was largely a shift of production from first quarter into second quarter. We anticipated second quarter being a little higher. I would tell you, the opposite happened this quarter. We actually also saw, in addition to the first quarter shipments moving into second, pulling forward a little bit of the production from third quarter. Which is why, again, when you think about our Agricultural, Ag & Turf division, we really didn't see a change when you back out FX, didn't see a change in the sales impact. It's really just shifting between quarters. That's largely what drove those higher sales in the second quarter.
Thanks.
Okay. Thank you. Next caller?
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Ann Duignan of J.P. Morgan. You may now ask your question.
Hi. Good morning.
Hi, Ann.
Hi. I'm struggling a little bit to understand your strategy on the agriculture side. If I look at industry data, there are about 15,000 used Deere over 100 horsepower tractors for sale. Yet inventories of new equipment are now at 37% of trailing 12-month sales, almost double a year ago. Can you talk to us a little bit about what is your strategy on the used equipment side? How do you help dealers get rid of that used equipment? Thank you.
Right. Well, actually, I'll loop back around to used, but I want to address the new inventory, because I think that's maybe as relevant as anything that you pointed out there, in the sense that, I think you're looking at the AEM data that's in the appendix. I would point out that's 100 horsepower and above, so that's a wider range than what we would consider large equipment. We would start at 220 horsepower as large Ag equipment. Very specifically, that 100 horsepower, 100 to 200 horsepower range is mostly for us would be our 6000 Series tractors. I would point out that those 6000 Series tractors come from Germany, and as a result, they aren't a build-to-retail order type of product as our large equipment, large tractors would be in the U.S. and Canada. You do get some shifts timing-wise from that perspective.
I'd also point out, similar to the previous question, we did have some higher level of shipments in the third quarter, even on the larger equipment, so there's some timing difference there as well. Maybe most importantly, as we think about year end, again, think about the quarter end as a timing issue in terms of inventory in the field on new equipment. When you look forward, what's in our forecast today, assuming our retail sales forecast is accurate and our shipment forecast is accurate, we will end the year with that 100 horsepower and above inventory to sales ratio very much in line with where we ended 2015, even inclusive of those 6000 Series tractors. Certainly from a large Ag perspective, we're expecting even a bit more of a decrease in that particular product. Again, we work in a lot of ways on used equipment with our dealers.
Certainly we leverage what we use as pool funds that provide availability to that dealer. Again, much of that is with the focus on the level of new equipment that they're willing to sell given the level of used. As you know, every new piece of equipment comes with a used trade-in. We do try to balance that and talk through that with our dealers. Again, I think what you're seeing today in those inventories is largely some seasonality type of differences. Okay. Hopefully, that gave you some additional color. We'll go ahead and move on to the next caller. Thanks, Ann.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Mick Dobre of Robert W. Baird. You may now ask your question.
Good morning. Good morning, everyone. Tony, if I may, I'd like to ask you a question on farm balance sheets. That's slide 40 of your presentation. Obviously, based on that chart, things are looking pretty good. If we're looking at farm balance sheets, land accounts for better than 80% of farm assets. We're starting to see some deterioration in cash rents. We're starting to see some erosion in farmland values. I guess my question is, how do you think about the risk to farm balance sheets going forward? Most importantly, can equipment demand eventually stabilize if land values continue to erode?
Yeah. Certainly, you're seeing it really in that chart as well, to your point. While relative to history, those debt-to-equity ratios are still at pretty attractive levels, we would argue that farmers in general, their balance sheets are pretty strong. They came into this downturn having come through a strong environment with balance sheets in good order. You're seeing those creep up, some of that, a good portion of that is assets coming down and specifically land value. You are seeing some of that. It's coming down slowly. We don't anticipate any kind of precipitous decline in land values. We're certainly not seeing signals of that. It's coming down, but at modest to moderate pace. As a result, financing ratios are creeping up a bit. Again, we don't sense any major financial upheaval in the farm sector at this point.
Again, I would point out also, at these levels, while farmer profitability is significantly lower, broadly speaking, farmers are still profitable at these corn prices. Again, not that they aren't being pinched, but are still being profitable. If corn prices stay at this level, I would point out as cash rent comes down, that helps the profitability of most farmers as well. There's a little bit of double-edged sword on those land values in terms of the impact it has on farmers. Thank you. Appreciate the question, we'll move on to the next caller.
Thank you very much. Our next question comes from the line of Kwame Webb of Morningstar. You may now ask your question.
Good morning. Thanks for taking my question today. I just wanted to get a little bit of expanded commentary on South America. If I think about the two big things going on there, particularly in Brazil, not only was there uncertainty around the rates, but also it seemed like there was a little bit of a bottleneck in terms of turnaround time on those applications. If you could kind of give some thoughts on that, and then any early thoughts on your exposure to the Argentina market as that seems to be opening up. Thanks so much.
Kwame, I appreciate the question. Certainly, as you think about Brazil, I think I would still frame it, obviously, as our outlook for South America did decline a bit on tractors and combine. The market's still pretty tough there. To your point, there have been a couple signs recently of potential positives. Certainly, the fact that FINAME financing rates have been announced, while they're higher than what we've been at, they're still at very attractive levels for farmer customers. I would point out, continue to be below in inflation. That is very helpful from that perspective. Actually, in the short term, we point out, could result in a little bit of a pull ahead. Farmers have until, I believe it's June 9th, to make their applications under the current rates before the rates move up those couple of points.
Again, in the short term, we would expect to see some nice activity. Again, as Josh pointed out in the opening comments, a lot of that uncertainty around what will happen. Will we even have a FINAME program? What's going to happen with down payment requirements? All those sorts of things have, at least for the time being, largely been alleviated. We'll see as we move forward because there's still some uncertainty. I think, again, we're getting the sense that the agricultural community is viewing these changes positively, but it is early. I would say the same thing in Argentina. Again, some very positive changes for farmer customers, their ability to export their product, those sorts of things, but it's still early.
We could potentially, I suppose, later in the year you could see some benefit, but I would argue most of that we would view as a 2017 opportunity versus a 2016 opportunity.
Thanks for the color.
You bet. Thank you. Next caller?
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of David Raso of Evercore ISI. You may now ask your question.
Hi. Thank you. Really just a simple question. If you look at the second half implied EPS and you adjust it for what second half usually is of the full year, we are sort of walking away from the call with the idea of the second half of the year is implying annualized earnings power
You know, roughly around $3. To walk us away from that assumption, can you help us a bit maybe with, is production in the second half going to be well below retail? Maybe help quantify what the pull forward was from 3Q and a 2Q, so I can smooth it out and put it back into the second half. I'm just trying to understand, is that what we should be walking away with given where you're implying second half EPS?
Yeah. Certainly, when you think about net income in the back half, you certainly are, as our guidance implies, our first half was stronger than the back half is forecast to be. We have had some shifts in production. Broadly, I can't necessarily say that that's been the case, but things like large tractors, there's obviously some relevance there year-over-year. If you look at 2015, in the first half, about 45% of our shipments occurred in the first half and 55% in the back half. 2016, that actually flipped. Again, that was just really more reflective of, as that factory looked at the best way to line up the production for the year. That's what made the most sense for 2016. We are seeing a little bit of shift in some of those products, as we move forward.
Certainly, as you look at construction, things aren't getting easier there and our forecast, as we talked about last year, does not look for the back half of the year to improve. Seasonally, you'll see some sales increases. You're not going to see, in our forecast anyway, any anticipated lift in the overall market. You don't get that benefit year-over-year, those sorts of things. Again, I think you're right in the sense that the back half is a bit lighter than the first half in our forecast.
David, this is Raj. I would not annualize the second half. Rather look at the full year. You know quarter to quarter, we have changes that can impact the full year. This time, Tony said there was some pull aheads in the third quarter, which would have been in the third quarter to the second quarter.
Well, that's why I'm asking if you can help quantify it. Is it $300 million and that's roughly with a reasonable incremental margin, it was $0.16. Help us a bit, because if you don't help us, it is what it is. If the second half is usually 46%-49% of the full year, that second half run rate's implying like a $305 earnings power. Again, if you help us with the pull forward, say it's $0.16, then it's more like implying a $335 annualized run rate. We're just trying to help understand, is this how we should view the earnings power as the back half is telling us, or is production also well below retail in the second half? We're just trying to help frame it, because otherwise it is what it is. It's implying $305 kind of annualized run rate.
Yeah. David, all I'll say is taking the second half and annualizing it will not give you the right answer going forward.
That's what we're trying to get to.
Yeah. We cannot really quantify it any more than that.
Yeah.
Fortunately, I think that's about all the further we're going to be able to go with that one. We can take that offline later.
Sure. Appreciate it.
Okay. Let's go on to the next caller. Thanks, David.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Michael Shlisky of Seaport Global. You may now ask your question.
Good morning, guys. I wanted to touch on your share buybacks. I haven't seen all that much thus far in 2016. I guess, is it kind of safe to say that 2016 buybacks will be behind what we've seen in 2015, 2014? Could you update us, possibly, are there other uses of cash out there that are a bit higher in your hierarchy that you're kind of holding onto cash for now? Are there any good deals out there in the end market, et cetera?
Mike, this is Raj. As you noted, our cash use priorities remain the same. They've not changed at all. You know our single A is the highest priority. Then we look at strategic options. With respect to strategic growth options, you've seen us keep organic R&D spend at a pretty healthy rate. You also seen us announce some inorganic acquisitions. You've seen us talk about Precision Planting, Monosem, and more recently, Hagie. In this type of an industry environment where we have a pretty strong financial position, some of these inorganic options become more actionable for us. If they are in the long-term interest of our shareholders, for profitable growth in the long term, we will act on some of those. Then, dividends are our next priority, and then finally, share repurchases.
We've always said share repurchases are a residual use of cash. As you just mentioned, if there are higher priority uses, we'd apply it to those. Now, I will say this. With respect to share repurchases, we've also said we will do those only if it's in the long-term interest of long-term shareholders. We still think it's very good value for long-term shareholders, but we want to first allocate cash for other higher priorities.
Okay. Thank you. Next caller?
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Robert Wertheimer of Barclays. You may now ask your question.
Hi. Thanks. Good morning. Thanks for the question. The charges or losses on the leases, was that just on stuff that was turned in, or did you change the depreciation assumption as well?
Yeah. There's both losses and impairments that we took on some of the items that were either in inventory or as well as some of the future leases. We did look at some of the impairments. We basically looked out a year at lease maturities and took what we felt was the most applicable experience that we're seeing, again, as I mentioned earlier, on the return rate that we're experiencing as well as the loss rate, and applied those to that future lease maturity. I point out, as we looked out a year, to the extent that those short-term leases have been our largest challenge, we would've captured, obviously, the lion's share of those short-term leases in that analysis that we took.
As we evaluate and make changes going forward, the intent is to reduce that risk significantly on future short-term leases to the extent we do book any 12-month leases as we move forward.
Perfect.
Rob, this is Raj. Let me just take a broader perspective on this. Operating leases are only about 14% of our total portfolio, the impairments and losses have been concentrated in less than 20% of this 14%. Okay? This is primarily the 12 months and less leases. You heard us talk about clearly taking significant steps to address this issue. We've lowered our residual values. We have significantly restricted the 12 month or less leases. For those maturing in the next few quarters, we've assumed recent loss rates and return rates and also forecasted that. You heard from Tony, we are also actively working on limiting our loss rates and return rates for what's going to mature in the next few quarters. The other 86% of the JD portfolio, we are forecasting about 23 basis points of loss provisions.
Still, a very good financial portfolio, especially given where the industry is overall and the competitive environment is.
Okay. Thank you. Next caller.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Steven Fisher of UBS Securities. You may now ask your question.
Great. Thanks. Good morning.
Steve.
On pricing and construction, including the selling incentives, I know you said it's now expected to be down slightly for the year. Really just trying to understand the trend in the second half versus what you're seeing in the fiscal second quarter, because that currency is maybe not as much of a competitive threat from some players as it was in the first half, and I think some folks were expecting that to really help the pricing dynamic going forward. To what extent are you expecting pricing to get increasingly challenging in the second half versus just what you saw in the second quarter, and are you stepping up restructuring to kind of mitigate that?
Yeah. I think in relation to the pricing, what we're looking at is really reflective of what we've seen in the marketplace to date from a competitive perspective. Certainly you would hope, as we've hoped all year, that some of that competitive pressure would ease up a bit and others would be as focused on some positive price realization as we are. I would point out, this isn't all about FX benefit in terms of the competitive pressures that we're seeing, meaning it's not just people who are leveraging a yen benefit specifically. I'll probably leave it at that. Remember, the impact in the second quarter on price was greater than what you would see as a run rate going forward in the third and fourth quarter, simply because of the accrual that you have to make when you perceive higher levels of discounts in the future.
You now have to increase your accrual on all of the field inventory that's already been shipped in prior quarters. Again, the way the accounting works, the quarter in which you see that higher level of incentives going forward does tend to take a more significant hit. That was the impact for Construction in the second quarter. With that, we'll move on to the next caller.
Thank you.
Thank you.
Thank you very much. Our next question comes from the line of Joel Walters of BMO Capital Markets. You may now ask your question.
Hi. How's it going? I'm just going to glue two random ones together here. Can you just remind us what the mix in your C&F or the construction business is that you're still selling to rental? I wonder also on the mix shift in AG, is that partially deliberate because you guys are trying to move a little more into smaller AG, or is that just the market forces pushing things around?
Yeah. Certainly, from a construction perspective, historically, we would've said 15%-20% of our sales go into rental. It would be on the lower, actually below that range today. Of what's going to IRC. We've talked a lot about from a small/large mix, especially on the utility tractors, our desire, our compact utility tractors, our desire to improve market share there. To be fair, some of that's also market. The market's certainly not as weak on the small equipment, as it would be on the large, as we've talked about in our guidance. It is a bit of both. Our desire to increase market share as well as the market shifting a bit that direction. Okay. Next caller? Yep.
Thank you. Our next question comes from the line of Stephen Volkmann of Jefferies. You may now ask your question.
Hi, good morning. I only have one last kind of a philosophical question. I guess as I go through your appendix and look at what you guys are assuming for the backdrop here for the next year or so, it's hard to make a case that there's much of a recovery likely going out over the next year or two, and I'm not really asking you to bless that forecast. I guess I'm just trying to figure out kind of where are you in the cost control process and if next year were to be another down year, would you be able to hold these decrementals around 30% or would they get worse? At what point do you kind of think about doing some real footprint reduction restructuring rather than just kind of headcount stuff? Thanks.
Yeah. I think, obviously, it's pretty early to bless any forecast for 2017. I would point out to your comments, obviously the kind of forecast is for pretty high corn crop to be planted. Short of a significant weather event that would impact production, and I would argue that's a comment from really any of the key growing regions. If you see a significant weather impact, we would continue to believe you would see a pretty responsive change in pricing, and the environment could shift pretty quickly. At this point, that's primarily about weather, and we're not going to make a call on weather at this point in the process. Let's go with the assumption that you're seeing a flattish kind of environment, or let's go with, I think your question was more about down.
If you're talking about large ag seeing another significant downturn, as we've talked about last year, it will be challenging for us. Given the levels we're at with our production capacity today, it will be very difficult for us to maintain this level of decremental margin. Especially to the comment earlier that I think Adam asked about with steel pricing. If you start to get headwinds on some of the material costs, that adds pressure as well, right? Even if all of those sort of external costs, if you will, remain flat, another significant downturn in large ag would make it very difficult for us to maintain these low decremental margins. Now, I want to shift. It does not mean that we aren't continuing to look for ways that we can reduce costs. We've talked before, we haven't done a lot on R&D.
If we continue to see a further weakening or even continue at these levels, we would take a much harder look at those projects. Certainly from an S, A, and G perspective as well, I would say, clearly we continue to look at ways that we can streamline our processes and streamline our operations in order to reduce those costs. The ability to do that at a level that would offset another significant step down in large ag would not be likely.
Hey, Steve, this is Raj. Let me add to what Tony said. If you look at the longer-term demand for grain, it's still in very good shape. It's continued to increase globally, which is a very positive signal for the long term for us. As we look at the future, we have said if there is a change in our overall thesis in terms of long-term demand, that would make us take some drastic changes in terms of our strategy. We haven't seen that. Otherwise, it's basically localized to weather. We have said weather can impact it. You've seen the prices come back, corn prices, and especially soybean prices, come back up sharply with just some of the weather scenarios in Argentina and Brazil.
With respect to your question on decrementals, it clearly is going to depend on which part of the ag or C&F segment goes down or goes up. If it is small ag, that's what is more and more left with, small ag. If that goes down, then our decrementals can be managed at the current levels or around the current levels. If it's going to be more on the large ag, it's going to be harder for us to manage, but it's still going to be much better than in previous downturns. Okay? We do have continuing efforts in terms of structural cost reduction, whether they be on the material cost side, the overhead side, the SG&A side. You will see us continuously work on those to offset any of these if the scenario you're outlining should happen.
Thank you very much.
Thank you. Okay. We'll have time for just one more caller, please.
Thank you. Our last question comes from the line of Seth Weber of RBC Capital Markets. You may now ask your question.
Hi, good morning. Thanks for fitting in my question. This is Brendan Shea on for Seth. Just touching back on your sales composition, how much have recent acquisitions contributed to your current revenue? How much do you have acquisitions baked into your estimates?
As you think about acquisitions, keep in mind in our forecast as a general rule, we would not incorporate sales of an acquisition into our forecast until the point in which we actually close on those. That would include, in this case, Hagie and Monosem. It'd be a pretty small percentage. I would say it would be in rounding down. You really wouldn't see it in the current forecast. Okay. All right. With that, we'll close the call. Again, appreciate all of your questions and participation, and as always, we'll be around throughout the day to answer any follow-up questions. Thank you.
That concludes today's conference. Thank you all for participating. You may now disconnect.