Good morning, welcome to the First Horizon National Corp's second quarter 2018 earnings conference call. All participants will be in listen-only mode. Should you need assistance, please signal a conference specialist by pressing the star key followed by 0. After today's presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. To ask a question, you may press star then 1 on your touch-tone phone. To withdraw your question, please press star then 2. Please note this event is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to Ms. Aarti Bowman. Please go ahead.
Thank you, Brandon. Please note that the earnings release financial supplement and slide presentation we'll use in this call are posted in the investor relations section of our website at www.firsthorizon.com. In this call, we will mention forward-looking and non-GAAP information. Actual results may differ from the forward-looking information for a number of reasons outlined in our earnings materials and our most recent annual and quarterly reports. Our forward-looking statements reflect our views today, and we are not obligated to update them. The non-GAAP information is identified as such in our earnings materials and in the slide presentation for this call and is reconciled to GAAP information in those materials. Also, please remember that this webcast on our website is the only authorized record of this call. This morning's speakers include our CEO, Bryan Jordan, and our CFO, BJ Losch.
Additionally, our Chief Credit Officer, Susan Springfield, will be available with Bryan and BJ for questions. I'll now turn it over to Bryan.
Thank you, Aarti. Good morning, everyone. I appreciate you joining us. I feel very good about the second quarter results and the progress that we've made. I am also very excited about the completion of our Capital Bank integration, which I'll touch on in a few minutes. Our results for the quarter showed steady loan momentum and continued strong credit quality. Our pipelines at the end of the quarter are very strong. In fact, they're up significantly from where they've been running the last six months. We're also pleased with our deposit trends. We saw very good momentum in our customer activity on the deposit side. You'll hear BJ talk more about our targets long term later in the slides, but we hit an 18% ROE in the quarter and close to a 122 ROA for the quarter.
Both of those are right at where we expect to be for the next couple of years. So we're excited about the progress there. I mentioned the Capital Bank integration. We completed the integration on Memorial Day weekend, the systems integration on Memorial Day weekend of, I can't remember which month, May. Very pleased with that. A lot of work went into it, a great deal of effort over the last several quarters, really going back almost a year with planning operating models and then conversion, integration, testing, and so on and so forth. Very pleased with the results of that integration. We had very strong support for our customers and feel very good about the way that all came together.
It was a huge team effort, I really do appreciate the effort of all of our bankers and technologists and so on and so forth that pulled that off. In the next couple of years, we're excited about the ability to realize on the synergies and the opportunities of the Capital Bank integration and the Capital Bank merger. The Capital Bank markets are outstanding, we think they put us in some of the best markets in the Southeast, if not in the country. We'll be focused over the next couple of years on capitalizing on those opportunities and continuing to improve our business models, ensuring the best customer experience that we can deliver to customers, enabling us to really grow the business organically and profitably over the next several years.
We think we have a great opportunity to continue to deploy capital in these growth markets and these organic efforts, particularly in the Carolinas, Mid-Atlantic, and Upstate South Carolina. We're excited about that. We all think we're well positioned to deliver strong returns over the next couple of years. You'll hear more about that from BJ. We think we're going to continue to operate in a very strong economic environment for the foreseeable future. We think we're in great markets, we think we have a franchise that's positioned very well for good growth over the next couple of years. With that, I'll turn it over to BJ, I'll come back and take a few wrap-up questions before we take some comments later. BJ?
Great. Thanks, Bryan. Good morning, everybody. Let's start the review of the financials on Slide five. For the second quarter in 2018, reported EPS was $0.25 and $0.36 on an adjusted basis. The difference between reported and adjusted results in the quarter were mostly merger-related expenses, the impact of those on both pre-tax and after-tax income, as well as EPS, are shown on the bottom right of the slide. The accelerating adjusted EPS growth, up 6% linked quarter or 24% linked quarter annualized, was just what we expected based on our continued organic business momentum, strong net interest income growth and net interest margin expansion, the increasingly impactful EPS contribution from the Capital Bank merger. Starting with the positive NII and NIM trends, NII grew 3% linked quarter, the NIM expanded by 10 basis points to 353.
Even excluding the positive impact of purchased loan accretion, NII was up 2%, and the core NIM expanded nicely by six basis points to 3.33%. We accomplished this net interest income and margin improvement through continued pricing discipline, with strong loan betas continuing to more than offset increasing deposit pricing pressures. Continued balance sheet growth also helped in the quarter, with loan and deposit growth up 1% and 2% on an average basis respectively linked quarter. Importantly, non-interest-bearing deposits were up 2% on an average basis and 3% period end, reflecting our continued focus on growing our relationship deposit base. Our balance sheet is strong, and our intentional focus on managing the totality of the margin, which includes optimizing the growth and mix of our loan and deposit portfolios, along with appropriately pricing our loans and deposits, continues to work to our advantage. Expense discipline remains strong across the franchise.
As expected, we realized $12 million of merger-related cost saves in the quarter and expect this number to continue to increase each quarter throughout the next several quarters. Credit quality remains excellent, with no provision in the quarter, only $2 million of net charge-offs, and Capital Bank credit performance continuing to be strong as expected. Speaking of the Capital Bank merger, let's turn to slide six for an update. We remain more confident about the deal today than when we announced it last year, and we're pleased with how it's going and adding meaningfully to our strategy and financial performance, as well as growth. As you can see, we now estimate EPS accretion at more than twice the original announcement due to great execution on things that we can control, like higher cost saves and tangible revenue synergies, as well as benefiting from tax reform.
As we previously discussed, Bryan just mentioned, we completed our systems conversion over Memorial Day weekend, and we're ready to roll with growth in our newer markets. Our cost saves are right on track. We achieved $12 million of cost saves in the second quarter. If you do the math, that means we have roughly 55% of the $85 million in cost saves in the expense run rate today, a lot of earnings power already captured, but also more earnings growth to come. Our revenue synergies really accelerated in the second quarter. We have now generated $17 million of annualized revenue synergies, up from first quarter's amount of $5 million, representing a significant increase in number of deals from 36 deals closed or in process in the first quarter to now 306 at the end of the second quarter.
The revenue synergies are largely driven by expanding customers and products in three main areas. Number one, through Capital Bank referrals to our specialty banking business lines. Number two, bigger balance sheet capacity to serve customer relationships in both the Capital Bank and First Tennessee franchises. Number three, consumer lending and mortgage opportunities on balance sheet. Turning to slide seven. As I discussed earlier, we saw strong net interest income growth and net interest margin expansion in the quarter. This slide gives you a bit more context and color on that. Stepping back and recognizing the significant improvement we've seen over the last five quarters is impressive. If you look at the bottom right-hand chart, from 1Q17 to 2Q18, our reported NIM has expanded 61 basis points from 292 to 353, and our core NIM is up 41 basis points, 292 to 333.
Those increases are driven by balance sheet growth, net benefit from short-term rate hikes as our loans reprice faster than our deposits, and the additional benefit of purchase loan accretion. Particularly related to betas, it is important to remember that there are two types of betas, loan betas and deposit betas. Since the beginning of the rate hike cycle, our loan betas of 71% have far outpaced our deposit betas of 32%, and the deposit beta number includes a large increase that we saw in the current quarter. As we discussed on our first quarter call, we saw the anticipated increase in deposit pricing competition, and also as we discussed on the first quarter call, we responded appropriately to keep our pricing, specifically our relationship pricing, competitive and commensurate with the long-term nature of the relationships we like to build with our customers.
Managing mix and pricing holistically like this across the entire balance sheet allowed us to again expand the net interest margin. We will continue to look to do so. Turning to loan growth on slide eight. We are pleased with the good net loan growth we saw in the quarter, despite making some intentional moves with the balance sheet. Total loans were up 1% on an average basis and 2% period end, despite intentional moves to optimize the balance sheet that created a growth headwind of about 1%. Our specialty banking areas again demonstrated strong growth. We especially saw strength with loans to mortgage companies, where we're gaining market share, up 32% on a linked quarter basis. In addition, our restaurant franchise finance business saw strong 5% linked quarter growth on strong deal closings, as did our healthcare businesses, up 7% linked quarter.
Private client also saw strong linked quarter growth of 5%. From a revenue synergy perspective, this is where the adoption of Capital Bank's in-house mortgage platform across our entire franchise has helped to boost our consumer lending capabilities and on-balance sheet growth. Our loan portfolios in Tennessee continue to show steady growth, and our efforts in Middle Tennessee, in particular, continue to gain momentum, where we posted 4% loan growth linked quarter. As expected, our loan growth in our Capital Bank markets was somewhat slow due to the merger integration and conversion activities in the first half of the year. With what we see in the pipelines, we expect that growth will start to improve in those markets in the back half of this year.
The 1% growth headwind I mentioned was created by intentionally running off another $60 million of non-strategic loans, selling $120 million of subprime auto loans acquired through the Capital Bank merger, and exiting another $150 million of low relationship value loans year to date. All of these growth numbers and the repositioning of the loan book demonstrate our continued focus on improving economic profit. We will continue to grow profitable relationships and products to improve our portfolio mix. Moving on to asset quality on Slide nine. Credit trends remain excellent. Provision was zero in the quarter, and net charge-offs were at only $2 million in the quarter. We saw a 32% decline in criticized loans to past grade, mainly from an upgrade of approximately $310 million of TruPS loans. We continue to expect the credit environment to remain benign for the foreseeable future.
Slide 10 gives you a sense of just how much growth and profitability and improvement in efficiency has occurred over the last several quarters. While our steady improvement on key BancAnalysts metrics as well as EPS growth was good before, the combination of continued strong momentum in the existing First Tennessee business, the addition of Capital Bank and its associated financial benefits, and tax reform have all worked together to accelerate our growth trajectory. Looking at our performance over the last six quarters, starting just before the Capital Bank merger was announced and seeing the excellent improvement in key BancAnalysts metrics shows the tremendous growth we have seen. Adjusting for the merger-related costs, our core operating performance is very strong. EPS in 1Q '17 was $0.23. Today, we reported $0.36 of adjusted earnings, an increase of 57%. Return on tangible common equity was 10.3% in 2016.
Today, our adjusted ROTCE is 18.2%, an 800-basis point improvement. Our ROA is up 40 basis points from 87 basis points to an adjusted 1.22%. Our net interest margin is up from 292 basis points in 1Q '17 to today's 353 basis points total NIM, up 60 basis points or up 40 basis points on a 333 basis points core NIM. Our efficiency ratio has improved from 72% to 65% adjusted, with more cost saves and improvement to come. With more cost saves, revenue synergies, and growth to come, we will continue to improve our profitability and growth profile. Wrapping up on Slide 11, our second quarter performance was very pleasing to us and very strong, and we're pleased with the trajectory that it provides for us the rest of the year and into 2019. Our key priorities over the near term are clear.
We will deliver on our higher earnings accretion from Capital Bank via the cost saves and revenue synergies. We will maintain strong performance across our markets and build momentum with our newer organic growth opportunities in the Carolinas and Florida. We will continue to enhance relationships to drive customer acquisition and retention. With that, I'll turn it back over to Bryan.
Thank you, BJ. Again, I'm pleased with our second quarter results and excited about our momentum going into the second half of 2018 and 2019. Thank you again to all of our employees and customers for their dedication as we've made the changes needed to build and expand our platform. Thank you to our team for all the hard work they did in completing the integration. To those of you that had an opportunity to participate in the perception study we completed recently, thank you for that. That will be useful feedback for us. On November the 6th, we will hold an investor day in Nashville and hope that many of you will be able to join us in person, if not, via conference call. We'll be providing more information about our strategy and execution plans at that conference with our executive team in attendance.
I hope you'll put that on your calendars. With that, Brandon, we will now open the call for questions.
Thank you. We will now begin the question and answer session. To ask a question, you may press star then one on your touch-tone phone. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing the keys. To withdraw your question, please press star then two. At this time, we will pause momentarily to assemble our roster. Our first question comes from Steven Alexopoulos from JPMorgan. Please go ahead.
Hey, good morning, everybody.
Good morning, Steve.
Good morning.
I wanted to start on expenses, which came in above at least what we were looking for this quarter. Given the additional cost saves that were realized and the capital markets revenues were down quarter-over-quarter, I'm trying to better understand why adjusted expenses increased a bit? Was there anything unusual in the quarter, and was this above your internal forecast?
Hey, Steven, it's BJ. This was right on our internal forecast. There's nothing special about it. There were several smaller things, pension cost assumption adjustments and some strategic hires and some incremental costs related to that, as well as several other smaller items, but nothing out of the ordinary. We believe that our expense discipline remains very strong across the franchise. We expect that our expenses will continue to be flat to down as we're realizing more of our cost saves.
Going forward, BJ, we should just build off the $285 adjusted and then put in the additional cost saves. That's a good basis.
Correct.
Okay.
On the margin, I didn't think you disclosed this. What was the scheduled versus accelerated accretion in the quarter?
If you look, Steve, on slide seven, it gives you the total accretion. We would have expected probably around $10 million of scheduled accretion. There was obviously about $8 million of unscheduled accretion. Excuse me.
Okay. About half of the 21 basis points.
Yes.
Right.
That's right.
Okay. BJ, the yield curve's getting pretty flat. How do you think about the NIM, like core NIM moving forward?
Yes. I think we're incredibly pleased with what we saw in this quarter. If you look at it over the last, really since the beginning of the rate hike cycle, we have proven out the asset sensitive balance sheet that we thought we had with our loan betas repricing far faster than our deposits. If you look over the last couple years and what we've done, we've been able to keep deposit rates very low. As we talked about, deposit competition has been heating up. We responded appropriately as we talked about doing. We've got to manage this company for the long term to keep our relationships with our customers strong so that we can even grow further. All of that competition heating up, and we still expanded the core NIM by six basis points in the quarter.
That's really, really good performance and serving of our customer relationships across our company. If you look forward on our core NIM, you've got to start with taking out what we saw from the subprime auto sale, which we have on slide eight where we exited a loan portfolio that we thought was not within our risk profile and not strategic for us. That had about a five basis point impact on the margin. If you start there, we think the rest of the year, based on what we're seeing in our pricing discipline on the loan side as well as the deposit side, that we can continue to see the core margin expand by maybe a couple basis points throughout the rest of the year.
Our next question comes from John Pancari with Evercore. Please go ahead.
Morning.
Morning, John.
On the capital markets business, just wanted to see if you can comment a little bit more around the impact on the ADR came in particularly low this quarter. What do you see in there, and what's your outlook there? What type of improvements should we expect, or do you think that it could remain down here for a little while?
Hey, John, it's BJ. It's a tough market for fixed income. All the headwinds that that business could possibly face are occurring. The direction of rates is not helpful. The level of rates is still low. A positive economy means more interest in equities and loan growth versus fixed income. There's very, very little volatility. It's just a tough market. The positive thing for us is that it is what it is. The regional bank earned right through it. We continue to grow our EPS as a franchise. One day, FTN is going to help us again like it's helped us in the past, but that day is not today. We're continuing to focus on the banking business and the great strength and growth opportunity we have there, and we'll continue to earn through any headwinds we have in the fixed income business.
Hey, John. I'm sorry. This is Bryan. To add to what BJ said, it is a difficult and low volatility environment. Seasonally, the second and third quarters are a little bit slower just because of the summer months. We don't expect a tremendous amount of improvement in the back half of this year, as BJ said, it's still a business that we think is a nice fee income business. This turbulence that we have with the unwinding of QE, the flat yield curve, Fed raising rates will pass, and we'll get back to a more normal interest rate environment. Don't ask me to put a calendar on the when, but I don't think it's forever. I think you shouldn't expect a whole lot of change. We'd expect some modest improvement in the back half of this year, but it wouldn't be a tremendous amount.
On that point, what is break even for the business when it comes to ADR? Are you losing money at this level? Separately, at what point do you think about strategic options for it at all? Are you at that point at all, or is this something just long term that it's par for the course, and you're in it for the long term?
Well, yes. For the quarter, we had a slight loss. I think it was down between $700,000 and $800,000 pre-tax net loss for the quarter. It's not a whole lot of $10,000-$20,000 a day puts you back in a break even. Yes, it was a little bit of tiny drag in the quarter. In terms of the business in the long term, you never say never. As we look at the business and we look at the interest rate environment that we're in, and the fact that we've been in this business well over 80 years, we like the business. It's fee income. We're in it. We think we have an expertise and a market niche that will be very valuable over time. The other thing to keep in mind is, this is a countercyclical business.
When the interest rate environment and the economy turns because of the interest rate environment, this business is very strong. If you think back about the results in 2008 and 2009, you saw the very countercyclical benefit. One way to think about it is, in some ways, it's a hedge to credit costs going back up. We look at the business, we look at the capital we have allocated in it, we look at the leadership and the product and our market positioning. While it's not performing where we would like it to be today, we're not content to just not focus on that. We're working on controlling costs and improving results. We don't think it's a break the glass situation.
Our next question comes from Michael Rose with Raymond James. Please go ahead.
Hey, good morning. In the beginning of the call, you mentioned that loan pipelines were up pretty significantly over the past six months. Can you just give us some color on where you're seeing the strength and what the potential headwinds could be as we move in the back half of the year? Any more strategic or portfolio sales? Thanks.
Yeah. Susan, you want to take that?
Sure. Yeah, we're seeing some very good strength in our loan pipelines. One thing too I would note, the month of June in terms of new production was the strongest month we've had this year. In addition to the pipeline for the second half of the year, we saw some really good production the last month of the quarter. Mid-Atlantic is particularly strong in terms of pipelines. We're also seeing strong pipelines out of our specialty businesses, Middle Tennessee, Houston. We're pleased with the pipelines. CRE also has a strong pipeline. You asked about potential headwinds, that would be the one area in terms of pipeline headwind in terms of commercial real estate.
Although the pipelines are strong, we did see our pull-through rate on commercial real estate drop just a little bit, but that's because of the discipline we have in that business, where we look at the risk-adjusted profile and the underlying structure of those credits. We continue to book new business in commercial real estate. That's the one area I think we'll watch due to the heavy competition as it relates to pricing structure.
Okay. Assuming all else equal, should we expect or anticipate similar levels of net loan growth over the next couple of quarters?
Yeah, we still expect the mid-single digits in loan growth, yeah. Michael, this is Bryan. I'll add to Susan's comment. I was in [inaudible]. I guess it's hard to describe the amount of energy that goes into completing the integration and the inward focus that's required for that. As Susan said, we saw it picking up as we got closer to the integration complete, that June was stronger. The pipelines were up, probably close to 20% from the six-month average. We feel good about the sustainability of loan growth at this point.
Okay, then maybe just one more follow-up just as it relates to some of the deposit strategies that you guys have talked about in the Florida market specifically. Where do you stand with that, and how much more could we expect to see in terms of deposit specialist campaigns, things of the like? Thanks.
Yeah, it's BJ. In the second quarter, like I talked about and like we telegraphed in the first quarter, we took some actions at the beginning of the second quarter to increase our relationship pricing. For the higher tiers, particularly around money market pricing, we moved those up to $50,000 and up. We made fairly meaningful moves in our pricing to retain customer relationships and start to grow them. We've had 90%-95% retention rate on those balances since those moves, which has been excellent. We've also instituted some acquisition pricing, particularly in our newer markets like South Florida or Mid-Atlantic, little bit in Middle Tennessee, to again look to acquire new customers with an emphasis on getting the checking relationships, obviously, as well. We've seen good success out of that, good feedback from our customers.
We expect that that will continue to allow us to grow. I don't think that we'll see quite the deposit beta quarter to quarter that we saw this quarter. It'll come down, but we will continue to respond appropriately to protect our customer relationships. Again, have to look at the totality of the margin. Deposit betas is one piece of it. We have 26% of our deposit mix in non-interest-bearing DDA. That is a tremendous help. Our salespeople continue to focus on serving customers in a core way with relationship checking deposits. To the extent that we are going to serve those customers from a rate perspective or a money market perspective, we will do so, but in the context of a larger relationship.
We will continue to look to expand the margin appropriately by leveraging the asset-sensitive balance sheet on the loan side that we've got.
Our next question comes from Casey Haire with Jefferies. Please go ahead.
Thanks. Good morning. Wanted to follow up on the deposit strategy. It was my understanding that you guys would lean into some of your new markets with some promotions and acquisition type pricing. I thought the other part of that was to get some positive mix shift on the funding side and pay down some of the borrowings and market index, which are obviously higher costs. Obviously, the short-term borrowings were up. Just wondering what the outlook is for some of your higher funding cost categories.
Hey, Casey, it's BJ. As Bryan talked about, South Florida is one of our main areas that we think that we can really create some meaningful headway over the next couple of years to grow deposits there in a way that we can replace the market index deposits and build customer relationships down there, be aggressive, and actually improve our overall deposit mix. As you know, the first half of the year, our people in South Florida were very focused on taking care of customers doing merger integration and merger conversion activities. We had to give a little bit of time for them to be able to do that.
As I just said, that we did institute some aggressive pricing, particularly in South Florida, in Q2 to help start to get our name out there, give our salespeople something to acquire customer relationships and sell. We're confident that organically we can do that going forward over the next several quarters. Again, it's going to take a little bit of time, and we're confident that we can do that.
Casey, this is Bryan. To BJ's point, we converted the systems on Memorial Day weekend, as you can imagine, the next two or three weeks are very intense periods of customer service where you've got two things going on. You've got customers who are trying to deal with the differences in statements and online banking and mobile banking and technology. A lot of folks visiting the branches, and you've got a tremendous number of people who've done a lot of training on new systems who are now using those on a day-to-day basis. We had a heavy ambassador program. We had a lot of intense activity in our branches, really until the middle of June. As BJ said, we're really just now in the position to start leveraging some of those strategies in the back half of this year.
You do expect those borrowings to work down in the back half of the year, and that's baked into your core NIM expansion.
We will continue to try to shift deposit mix more towards customer deposits, absolutely.
Okay, great. Just to clarify on the loan growth front, the $150 million of strategic exits and the subprime portfolio from CBF, have you picked off everything that you don't want from CBF? Is there more opportunities for these types of headwinds going forward?
In terms of aggregate portfolios and portfolio sales, that's probably correct. What we are also doing is making sure that we're focusing on profitable growth opportunities with core relationships, and we'll continue to do that. That's just good management of a company and its relationships and the balance sheet. That kind of stuff will continue, but discrete bigger loan sales, I don't see any at this point.
Anything you see going forward ought to be transaction by transaction.
Our next question comes from Robert Placet with Deutsche Bank. Please go ahead.
Yeah. Hi, good morning.
Good morning.
Just a question on the new markets you picked up with Capital Bank, specifically the Carolinas and South Florida. I guess, what are your ambitions in those markets, just in terms of size and presence there over the medium and then over the longer term? I guess, do you foresee yourselves getting significantly larger in those markets over the next couple of years?
This is Bryan. We're really excited about the opportunity that the Capital Bank markets present to us. Outside of Tennessee, they very much look and feel a lot like the markets we're accustomed to serving. You'd have to argue that some of them are growing very rapidly. We're enthusiastic about just the dynamics of the expanded footprint. We're excited about the positioning that Capital Bank had in those markets and feel good about our ability to build off of that. Some of that is our ability to bring additional products and services, and BJ talked about some of that when he talked about revenue synergies earlier. Bringing our treasury management products, bringing wealth management, and overlaying a broader product set.
While our branch footprint and branch density in those markets starts by necessity at a lower place, we don't think that branch activity will be the big driver, or branch density will be the big driver of our ability to grow in those markets. We will be, as we have said in the past, very strategic in looking for bankers that we can bring onto the platform, that we can leverage the footprint that we have, that we can grow in a targeted fashion and do it in a way that produces high quality services and products for our customer base and allows us to continue to expand and build on the momentum that Capital Bank had started to generate.
As we look at those markets, we think that they will be our primary focus over the next couple of years, just aggressively building our business through customer acquisition and bringing in strategic hires to capitalize on the footprint and the opportunity it presents. In a word, we're excited about it.
I'd also add, we have really good blueprints for how to grow in lower share markets that have great opportunities. Nashville and Middle Tennessee is a great example of how our company has already done it. Four or five years ago, we started with an intentional plan to be different in that market versus the other markets where we had number one market share. In five years, we've far outpaced the market growth in terms of loan and deposit growth. The balance sheet is 70% larger than it was five years ago. Our name, and our recognition, and our ability to attract talent is far greater today. We can transport that exact blueprint to Raleigh, to South Florida, to Charlotte, to Greensboro, North Carolina, and that's exactly what we intend to do.
Our next question comes from Kenneth Zerbe with Morgan Stanley. Please go ahead.
Great. Thanks. First question, just with the capital markets business, and I'm looking at page 13 of your supplement. Can you just remind us, how much of those expenses are actually variable? I guess with the fall off in the revenues, I would've expected more or a lower non-interest expense to go along with that. It looks like they only went down a couple million dollars despite a much larger revenue decline.
Yes. Ken, it's BJ. About 70, 75%, I believe, of the expense base there is variable. You get to a point where there's just not much more you can do to move it down. Bryan alluded to earlier, the leadership team out there has done an excellent job taking out as much fixed cost as we possibly could. The variable cost obviously hurts in terms of our salespeople, but that's the way the model works. Our variable compensation has come down, but at some point, there is a fixed level of cost that's very difficult to get out. As was asked earlier, what's the break-even ADR? We're at about it right now. It's just a very difficult market. The management team is doing a great job trying to manage through it.
Like I said before, when that comes back, we will see the expansion in our revenues much faster than the expansion in our expenses, and it'll be help to us, but just not today.
Got it. Okay. Switching gears, just in terms of the interest-bearing deposit beta, I calculated an 89% deposit beta there. I suspect going into the quarter, you probably wouldn't have predicted an 89%, the question really is, as we look forward to next quarter? I understand the reasons why it was high this quarter and some of the actions you're taking this quarter, but on a go-forward basis, if the market does remain competitive, is there anything that would stop the beta from theoretically being 89% again next quarter? Thanks.
Hey, Ken, it's BJ. We would've absolutely expected this beta this quarter. That's why we talked about it on the first quarter call. I actually said inflection point in deposit competition, and that's what we saw. I think if you look back on that slide, the reason we show since rate hikes is that there wasn't a lot of moves at all, and we could be very disciplined based on what we saw with our customer relationships and the discussions that we had and the competition, et cetera. We are very intent on watching that and trying to optimize the profitability of the company with building long-term relationships with our customers. Said a different way, we had 80-some% interest-bearing deposit beta in the quarter. If we had had 10%, 15% increases since the beginning of the rate increase cycle, we'd be having a different conversation.
We just started to see it really in earnest over the last couple of months. We responded appropriately, but I'll say it again, we manage the net interest margin, which includes the loan mix, the deposit mix, the deposit betas, and the loan betas. As a testament to our people and the pricing discipline, we expanded the core margin by six basis points, even with knowing that we were making an investment in our deposit relationships. We think that we can continue to expand the margin because of our asset sensitive balance sheet on the loan side and because we're going to manage deposit betas smartly.
As we've said earlier in the year, I think it was in our first quarter call, we had seen the tremendous amount of lag that had been created industry wide, as we really moved into 2018, we started to see that lag come out. You're experiencing some of that. The beta in any one quarter may be higher or lower depending on how that moves. As BJ said, we measure it, or excuse me, we manage it in concert with the margin and in some sense, betas are like loan growth percentages for a short period of time. We can manage them to anything. You can give us any target, and we manage it to that, but you wouldn't necessarily like the balance sheet long term.
We take a long view of that, we want to make sure that we're pricing our liabilities, our deposit base in a competitive fashion that recognizes and rewards the relationships of customers and builds long-term relationships and stability in that deposit base. While anything's theoretically possible, I suppose, we don't expect betas to run at that level as we move into the back half of this year.
Our next question comes from Brady Gailey with KBW. Please go ahead.
Hey, good morning, guys.
Good morning, Brady.
I know we've already talked about accretable yield, and I know that the prepayment accretion can be hard to forecast, but total levels were $18 million this quarter. That was up from about $14 million last quarter. Is $18 million what you would consider a good run rate for the next couple of quarters, or do you think that'll dip back down closer to the 1Q level?
It'll come back down. The interesting dynamic in looking at this, and for those of you that have followed accretion, particularly in the first couple of quarters, it's very difficult to get a bead on exactly where it's all going to settle out. In the first quarter, we actually had 21% more loan payoffs and therefore accretion coming through unscheduled in terms of actual loans. But this quarter, we had three loans that were large in size, just three, that drove the majority of the increase between the $14 million and the $18 million. We do believe that $18 million is going to come down. We expect scheduled accretion more in the $9 million to $10 million a quarter range. The difference between that number and whatever we print over the next couple of quarters is going to be the unscheduled accretion.
I think the other thing to keep in mind is when we see unscheduled prepayments in a loan payoff, that rate mark is really the income that's coming back in terms of accretion. Going forward, if we replace that, which is really not at a market rate, with a market rate loan in some of the growth markets that we're talking about, we're actually net improving our core net interest margin by doing so. We're getting the benefit of accretion today, and we're also going to get incremental benefit loan by loan on that accretion tomorrow because it's going to come back in the core NIM at a higher rate. We continue to manage this closely. It's real income, and we think there's a lot of opportunity both there and in our core growth going forward.
Just looking at the stock price, it's down, I think, 13% or 14% year-to-date. You all have not repurchased any stock in 1Q or 2Q. I know it's tough. You're sitting here with a TCE ratio of 6.5%, just updated thoughts on how you think of a buyback from here.
Yeah. One thing I will mention is we did actually retire 2.4 million shares in the quarter. You'll see our period end shares go down. That's an effective buyback. It's related to a dividend shareholder matter that we took care of and chose to retire those shares. That's an effective buyback of $40 some million. Going forward, quite candidly, we do think that there's opportunity to look at share buybacks given where we've traded. We will look to do that as we go forward. We've got plenty of capacity and authorization from the board. We think our capital levels are strong commensurate with the balance sheet that we have. Yeah, where we're trading, that certainly is an option for us that we're going to aggressively look at.
Brady, this is Bryan. To add to that, as I alluded in my opening comments, we think that with our focus on organic growth opportunities over the next couple of years, the excess capital that we can't deploy in the businesses and the markets that we talked about earlier, is by necessity going to be put into programs to repatriate that capital to shareholders. In our view, the stock price has gone on sale a bit, and we think there'll be opportunities to retire it. As BJ said, we had an opportunity to retire roughly $40 million or so worth of stock this quarter, and we'll look for opportunities to buy some stock back over the next couple of quarters as well.
Our next question comes from Marty Mosby with Vining Sparks. Please go ahead.
Thanks, I appreciate the timing. I could actually participate this quarter, I was excited that you moved it back just a bit. Bryan, I wanted to ask you a question, because this has been something we've dealt with Huntington and with KeyCorp as they've gone through this purchase accounting accretion. What you see is that right now you've got this $18 million, which is temporary. Eventually, that goes away as they convert to the loan portfolio. What everybody on the outside kind of sees is $18 million, it's a hole that just evaporates. When in reality, what it is in my mind, almost an acceleration of the accretion that you get from expense synergies, which you still have $12 million of, and revenue synergies, which BJ, you mentioned, even just as you move the loans over, you get the incremental net interest income.
Timing-wise, as that $18 million kind of runs down, it seems like the $12 million would be able to at least buffer going back to the $10 million run rate pretty quickly because that $12 million will be here in the next several quarters, and then the revenue synergies. I just want to make sure you kind of thought of that concept the same as I just outlined it.
Yeah, Marty, I'll start. This is Bryan. As BJ said, the accretable yield is always one of the difficult things to estimate and always difficult to talk about in these integrations. Rates have moved higher since we did the marks, and as BJ said, as a loan prepays, you're replacing it with an asset at a higher yield. In essence, you've got the accretable yield that's flowing through, and I guess that's bringing through a little bit of future period earnings. As you suggest, I think BJ's got a slide in the deck that shows cost savings to date. I think we're at $12 million. I think it shows in the $16 million area over the next couple of quarters, moving to the $22 million range and the $85 million threshold next year.
On a quarterly basis, we'd expect another $10 million in cost savings on a quarter run rate by the time we get to this time next year. I think you can put the two off. I think the accretable yield creates some volatility around net interest income that is sometimes hard to talk about and may be more difficult to model than anything else in the income statement that we have today. As BJ alluded, that will level out over time. I think the most important part not to lose, the most important point not to lose, is the fact that our core NIM was up six basis points. That excludes accretable yield this quarter and last quarter. If you just look at the core, improving the profitability of the balance sheet is our objective, and we feel very good about the progress we've made there.
Hey, Marty, I'd also add kind of to your point, I think it's a great way to look at it because it's looking at the forest through the trees, right? We've got accretion that's coming in that's real income that we've already paid for, that's benefiting our margin. It's offsetting softness in our fixed income business that'll eventually come back. We've got multiple growth opportunities that are strong in the specialty businesses. We're about to ramp up growth opportunities in the Carolinas and Florida markets. This speaks to the balanced business model that we've got, such that we've got multiple levers that can play off each other that in aggregate continue to give us growth opportunity from an EPS perspective, a balance sheet perspective, and a revenue perspective. I think it's important to keep all those concurrent in sight.
BJ, when you look at the opportunities for margin expansion, it's interesting because you do have the capital markets area. If you look at the trading asset line where you see the yield, it's about 100 basis points higher than your securities yield, which the trading account is the current yield where banks are buying bonds today because it turns over every quarter. The securities portfolio is a conglomeration of over time. That opportunity over the DDA that you talked about is kind of the rounding up effect. How do you think you can close that gap?
Would you be willing because you have the steepness of the curve between the real short end versus the 2-year, be willing to go up the curve, deploy some of your liquidity and take advantage of what the yield curve is giving you which is the, you don't have to go much past 2 years to get almost everything you can out of it. A couple of things there that I think could also create some earnings levers to your margin as you go over the next year.
It's a good point, Marty. A lot of our trading balances right now are really related to our SBA loans and our coastal loan portfolio for sale. They're part and parcel of running that business. Quite candidly, I think we'd rather deploy our excess liquidity into profitable loan relationships where we can. We think we have ample opportunity, as we've talked about across all of our businesses. I think most likely we'll look to continue to deploy those there in opportunities in the Carolinas, Florida, Tennessee, and the specialty businesses.
Our next question comes from Jennifer Demba with SunTrust. Please go ahead.
Thank you. Question on specialty lending, those have grown nicely for you over the last several quarters. Could you give us a sense of what the balances are in each of those operations and the kind of growth you're looking for in the next one to two years there as well?
Jennifer, this is Susan. I'll walk through that. As we said earlier, we do think our specialty businesses have some good growth opportunities.
In terms of healthcare, our healthcare groups are roughly in the $700 million range. Again, good opportunities there, both on the kind of core healthcare and also sponsor-backed healthcare. As it relates to asset-based lending, a business that we've been in for over 30 years, which outperformed very well during the downturn, we're about $1.9 billion in terms of balances there. We feel like there's great opportunities in asset-based lending for us. We continue to focus on core asset-based lending, some factoring relationships, and it's a very well-run business with good growth opportunity. Mortgage warehouse lending, as you know, was up. It's a strong performer for us at $1.9 billion in terms of balances. Also want to point out that in mortgage warehouse lending, we continue to grow that customer base as well.
If you look at the number of clients in mortgage warehouse lending, we're up almost 17% in terms of numbers of clients year-over-year in mortgage warehouse lending. We're also continuing to call on those customers for deposits. We believe it's a business that can become even more important for us as it relates to raising deposits. Our energy business, while it's still at a relatively low level in the Houston market, is about at the $230 million. Good business for us. It's one where you need to be disciplined, which we remain disciplined in that. We do see some really good opportunities, strong pipeline there. Franchise finance continues to be a good business for us. It showed actually 11% quarter-over-quarter average to average balance growth. That is a very well-run business. We continue to look at the metrics there.
Believe there'll be some good opportunities. We are watching some competition, do some things that we may not want to compete against, but we're still finding good opportunities to grow. Those are really our core. Commercial real estate, I talked about earlier. We're roughly flat in our commercial real estate portfolio kind of year-over-year, quarter-over-quarter. That's adjusted, obviously, for the Capital Bank transaction. Again, we've got a strong pipeline in commercial real estate. We're continuing to do good business with existing customers and some new bank customers brought on by our capital partners. We feel like it's still a very important business for us, but one where we'll remain disciplined as it relates to portfolio diversification in terms of product type and geography. Overall, specialty banking continues to be incredibly important for us and one that we support.
I'll also add, Jennifer, just for future reference, if you look at page 15 in the appendix of the earnings slides in the upper left-hand side, it breaks out our average regional bank commercial loans, which were in aggregate, $16 billion. We give you all the percentages there that breaks down all of our different specialty businesses if you want that for future reference.
Our next question comes from Geoffrey Elliott with Autonomous Research. Please go ahead.
Good morning. Thank you for taking the question. Maybe a quick one on the NIM and the core NIM comments you've given specifically, just so we're all clear. 333 in 2Q, take out five basis points from subprime also to get to 328, and then build up a couple of basis points over the rest of the year to kind of 330-ish at year-end. Is that what you're saying? I just want to check everyone's kind of got that message right?
Yeah
or am I following something wrong?
That's right.
On the capital side.
That means margin expansion is what we're talking about on a core basis.
Got it. Then on the capital side, can you remind us where you stand in terms of Visa shares? Could you sell some of those to fund buybacks given that you kind of feel the stock's on sale right now?
Yeah. We've still got about, I think, 1.1 million of B shares. If you just looked at conversion rates relative to A shares, it's maybe worth $240 million, $250 million pre-tax or pretty substantial, what I call contingent common equity. That's on our balance sheet at zero. It's not free to trade. We look for opportunities to be able to monetize that, and we'll continue to do so. That's good dry powder, if you will, for us to either buy back our own stock as we discussed before, add to our capital levels. To me, as a CFO, that always sits at the forefront of my mind when I'm looking at our TCE to TA or our CET1 or our total capital ratios. I consider that very much a part of what our capital structure is, and we look to optimize it.
We're not a long-term holder, necessarily of Visa. We want to make sure that we get the appropriate value out of it for the company and for our shareholders.
Our next question comes from Brock Vandervliet with UBS. Please go ahead.
Good morning. Thanks for taking my question. Wanted to just cover credit. You've had this tailwind pretty consistently of very low or negative or zero provisions. Can you give us any sense of when that
becomes more normalized and what we should be looking at here going forward?
Sure. As you know, we've had the benefit of the runoff in the non-strategic portfolio, and that portfolio continues to perform well in addition to the fact that it's running off. We've had reserve releases in the non-strategic portfolio that have continued to offset some provision that we've had in the bank. I will note that the level of reserves in the core bank remains steady quarter-over-quarter. We continue to see excellent asset quality across the board. I'll point out a few things in the regional bank. You've got some things in your slides on the overall company, which includes non-strategic. We talked about non-performing assets being down 9% total quarter. They're down 14% quarter-over-quarter in the regional bank, so very, very strong. We also saw some positive grade migration.
The regional bank, which is inclusive of the Capital Bank merger, we had non-pass loans decline by 7.5% quarter-over-quarter. As you know, our net charge-offs remain very, very low. We do at some point, not in the foreseeable future, because everything looks very strong with numbers like I've just reported. At some point, you could see credit normalize again. At the point in time we start to see that if we saw grade migration that would factor into our ALLL model in terms of average loss rates, you would see us take the appropriate action to increase that provision. For now, we're seeing excellent credit quality across the company regional bank. Again, the continued strong performance in wind down in non-strategic.
Our next question comes from Christopher Marinac with FIG Partners. Please go ahead.
Thanks. Good morning. I know we could all debate the precise calculation of deposit beta, I was just thinking that the number cited by an earlier caller was a little high. Just was curious if the moves on deposits this quarter kind of buy you flexibility for the beta to be a little bit more moderated in the next quarter or two, just given what we're seeing so far in Fed funds.
Hey, Chris, it's BJ. Thanks for that clarification. Depends on what denominator you use for the Fed effective rate. We would've seen a lower one, too. The short answer is yes. As we talked about earlier, we think the deposit beta won't be as high as what we saw this quarter because it was more of a step up, right? If you look back over the last several quarters of our deposit rates paid, particularly in consumer interest, they are relatively flattish to very modestly up over the last couple of years. Then we had a meaningful increase when we started to see increased deposit pricing competition. It was a stairstep. We don't think that it's necessarily a stairstep from here going forward based on what we're seeing with customer relationships, our competitive positioning, our ability to grow, et cetera.
Yes, quarter to quarter, we think the deposit beta has come down, we will always respond appropriately to protect our relationship balances. It'll be a wait and see. Again, going back to the margin, we are very focused on managing the totality of the margin, that's what we're going to focus on regardless of what we have to do with deposit betas. We're going to protect our customer relationships.
Great. That's helpful. Thanks for that. Just to follow up on the kind of BancAnalysts ROA, I saw from June that the upper end is now 145. What does it take to get there? I guess looking out a few quarters, how confident are you that it's achievable at that upper end?
Yeah. We think it's very achievable at the upper end. That's what we're striving for. As Bryan talked about, we're very nearly after one quarter of putting out those updated nearer term targets. We're close to the bottom level of that already. Based on our growth trajectory that we see, cost saves continuing to come in, revenue synergies being realized, and the credit environment continuing to remain benign, we think that we're going to continue to march towards that 145 over the next, let's say, 12-24 months.
This concludes our question and answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Bryan Jordan for any closing remarks.
Thank you, Brandon. Thank you all for participating on the call this morning. We are very excited about having the systems integration completed and moving into the execution phase. We feel very, very good about our positioning in our new markets and the opportunities that we have to grow with our markets and our customers. Again, I appreciate the tremendous commitment and dedication and hard work of our folks all across the franchise to complete this systems integration. Please feel free to reach out to any of us if you have any further questions or need any additional information. With that, thank you, and I hope you have a great day.
This conference is now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.