Thank you for standing by. This is the conference operator. Welcome to the Lululemon Athletica Inc. second quarter 2017 conference call. As a reminder, all participants are in listen-only mode and the conference is being recorded. After the presentation, there will be an opportunity to ask questions. Analysts who wish to join the question queue may press star then one on their telephone keypad. Should you need assistance during the conference call, you may signal an operator by pressing star and zero. I would now like to turn the conference over to Howard Tubin, Vice President of Investor Relations for Lululemon Athletica Inc. Please go ahead.
Thank you. Good afternoon. Welcome to Lululemon's second quarter earnings conference call. Joining me today to talk about our results are Laurent Potdevin, CEO, and Stuart Haselden, COO. Before we get started, I'd like to take this opportunity to remind you that our remarks today will include forward-looking statements reflecting management's current forecast of certain aspects of the company's future. These statements are based on current information, which we've assessed, but which by its nature is dynamic and subject to rapid and even abrupt changes. Actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by these forward-looking statements due to risks and uncertainties associated with the company's business. Factors that could cause these results to differ materially are set forth in the company's filings with the SEC, including our annual report on Form 10-K and our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q.
Any forward-looking statements that we make on this call are based on assumptions as of today. We undertake no obligations to update these statements as a result of new information or future events. During this call, we'll present both GAAP and non-GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of GAAP to non-GAAP measures is included in our quarterly report on Form 10-Q and in today's earnings press release. The press release and accompanying quarterly report on Form 10-Q are available under the investor section of our website, www.lululemon.com. Before we begin the call, I'd like to note to our investors that we are providing a summary of key financial and operating statistics separately on our investor site for your reference. Today's call is scheduled for one hour. Please limit yourself to one question at a time to give others the opportunity to have their questions addressed.
Now I'd like to turn the call over to Laurent.
Thank you, Howard, and good afternoon, everyone. Our strong Q2 results reflect focused delivery against our key growth initiatives. The strategic pillars, including digital, international, men's, and North America, drove the improvement in our business as we progress towards realizing our 2020 vision to achieve $4 billion in revenue. We've had some fantastic moments in Q2. We launched category-disrupting product innovation, such as the Enlite Bra, amplified and articulated the brand globally with This Is Yoga, reaching 50 million guests, equally split between men and women. Through powerful community activation, such as Unroll China, we connected directly with guests via live streaming our ambassador-led yoga class to over 150,000 people. As a result, we drove outperformance in Q2, delivering revenue of $581 million, a normalized gross margin of 51.6%, and adjusted EPS of $0.39.
Our adjusted EPS exceeded our guidance and grew modestly versus last year, despite planned digital investment spending. Our comp results were strong across channels and merchandise category. Our performance in Q2 and solid momentum we're seeing in early Q3 gives me great confidence in our strategy and long-term plan. Today, I'll focus on the Q2 results and highlights of the quarter and share our plans for Q3 and the back half of the year. Stuart will review our financials and provide Q3 and full-year guidance. We'll take your questions. As an original brand, we remain at the forefront of the market we created, powerfully owning our position as the brand that defines an active, mindful lifestyle.
In a world of increasingly commoditized guest transactions, our relentless focus on innovation, human connection, and our vertical business model allows our guests to enjoy holistic experiences that transcend the four walls of a retail store, unlocking tremendous growth opportunity as we reach new guests around the world. From the launch of our first Mind Philosophy meditation lounge in our new store on Fifth Avenue, to the ecosystem of studio, store, and community space we created for guests at Queen Street in Toronto. We design into a future of how people want to live their lives and connect with each other. Our laser-focused strategies to retain, inspire, and inform guests through an enriched digital experience continues to drive performance. In Q2, we launched our first fully integrated product campaign online and in-store featuring the Enlite Bra.
By highlighting its groundbreaking technology threaded in our proprietary Ultralu fabric, our most innovative and most premium offering in bras quickly became a top performer, validating the significant potential ahead of us when we deliver category-disruptive innovation to our guests. Towards the end of the quarter, we began our seasonal storytelling, showcasing lightweight jackets and outerwear. Collectively, these campaign strategies have contributed to a 23% increase in traffic year-over-year. In addition, relative to Q1, site conversion has increased by 30%. We continue to make steady strides towards delivering a digital ecosystem that is a seamless extension of our store experiences, founded on human connection and deep product knowledge. Through improved product photography and video that overtly highlights the innovative performance and functional detailing that defines our product, improved merchandise assortment, and technical site enhancements, we are creating a consistently rich and compelling experience for guests.
We are early in this journey. I'm so excited about the tremendous impact our focus has had on the performance so far. As you know, international is a key growth driver for us. We see great opportunity as guests around the world seek to live more active, mindful lives. Let me start by highlighting our strong performance in Asia. Fueled by strong brand momentum, new store openings, positive comps, both in-store and online, this quarter, we saw 70% year-over-year market growth across Asia, highlighted by our momentum in China that has grown over 350% over Q2 last year. This exceptional growth is partially driven by the outperformance of new store productivity. Our CMO business increased 175%, fueled by more than doubling our traffic, coupled with higher conversion.
Building on the brand's unique positioning to elevate life to an active mindful lifestyle, we hosted our second annual China event in May. Held across six cities with over 10,000 attendees, including 5,000 in Beijing, we shared the power of practice via live-streaming yoga classes in Chengdu and Beijing. A concept we'll continue to develop as an extension of the brand's digital ecosystem. We are on track to open 12 stores in Asia this year, with six stores planned in the second half in China, in Beijing, Guangzhou, Chengdu, and Shenzhen. To broaden our Asian footprint, we are thrilled about opening our third store in Japan later this year in the heart of Shinjuku, following our airport opening in Ginza Six and our prior opening in Harajuku.
Having recently returned from Europe, while still nascent, it's exciting to watch the wellness trend in cities such as Paris and Munich begin to accelerate, with new studios openings and increasing community engagement. Long term, I continue to see meaningful opportunity in the region as we build momentum with market growth over 50% year-over-year. We continue to believe a densification strategy in key cities, supported by a compelling digital ecosystem, is the best path to build strong brand loyalty. In the second half of the year, we're on track to open two new stores, including our first store in Munich. In London, where we've built our strongest presence, I experienced firsthand our second annual Sweatlife Festival. This community event brought together 2,500 guests to experience a day of sweat offered by London's top studios, while also taking yoga off the mat through different talks, meditations, and personal development sessions.
Having personally done back-to-back spinning and boxing, it's safe to say that Londoners are fit. Sweatlife is a very effective way to connect with and build our collective. Similar activation will be rolled out in the future. Turning to North America. Before I share updates on Q2, our thoughts are with everyone impacted by Hurricane Harvey. We are actively supporting our collective in the wake of this devastation. We have eight stores in the region and have been working closely with colleagues and our communities to ensure the safety and well-being of our people and their loved ones. Returning to our North American performance this quarter, we recently opened destination locations in key markets, including New York and Vancouver.
In New York, we opened on Fifth Avenue, including our first-ever meditation lounge, Mind Philosophy, acting as a destination for visitors from all over the world to escape the city and allow them the space to take a moment to breathe. We're thrilled with the performance so far. It's a credit to our New York store fleet and allows guests from around the world to experience the brand. In Vancouver, we have just reopened our very first store on West Fourth in Kitsilano, a beautiful co-located format that incorporates new technologies, innovation, and enhanced visual merchandising. Supporting our growing presence and relevance in the run category, we were front and center at the Toronto Waterfront 10K as lead sponsor, creating incredible energy in our stores, interacting with our educators, and ultimately reaching 4 million guests over the race weekend.
In the Hamptons, in collaboration with SoulCycle at The Barn, we hosted guests throughout the summer. Just 2 weeks ago in Vancouver, we hosted our 6th annual SeaWheeze Run and Festival, arguably the best half-marathon in the world, welcoming 10,000 runners from over 18 countries to experience the best of the brand and creating a positive halo impact on local store performance. Focusing now on product. Our Q2 performance in men's positively reflects the billion-dollar plus potential ahead of us in this category by 2020. Men's is still one of our best-kept secrets, and we're focused on guest acquisition and talking to men in unexpected ways through curated and targeted experiences, community activation, and co-located stores. We continue to deliver significant outperformance in the core category of men's pants and shorts, seeing 23% growth in Q2, driven by the strength of our ABC franchise.
Tops also performed well this quarter, with ongoing demand for our multiple metal vent styles, including Surf, where we deliver new innovation in the lightweight version, Henley, and Half Zip. Looking to Q3, I'm stoked about our first focused men's brand campaign, launching mid-September, expressing our unique perspective as an extension of This Is Yoga. Turning now to our women's business. Bottoms performed strongly, led by our engineered naked sensation styles, Align and Fast and Free. Women's tops, both short sleeve and long sleeve, drove a really strong inflection in our comp as our guests responded positively to burnouts, engineered mesh, and our supernatural fabrics, delivering the soft, natural feel guests love with high-performance attributes. As we enter the second half of the year, I'm excited to see the momentum continuing in Q3 across jackets and outerwear, specifically within the core Scuba Hoodie and packables.
With a dedicated focus on this category for fall, our teams have created an assortment balancing function and fashion. Building on our core product offering, we launched an exclusive capsule collection with Taryn Toomey. Brought to life through a beautiful campaign, we had an overwhelmingly positive response with majority of online products selling out in the first day. On the theme of exploration, we continue to invest in delivering the most innovative, quality, functional items across our guests' needs. Given our unique ability to connect with consumers, enabled by the strength of our educators, we can easily adapt to new strategies to cater to our guests' wants and needs. For example, this fall, we are piloting our first head-to-toe guest offering in select stores across North America through a partnership with APL, a footwear brand that shares our values, living at the intersection of function and fashion.
This model of partnering and learning how to deliver the best experience possible to our guests provides great insights as we explore new categories in the future. Looking to Q3, we'll see the launch of our newest fabric innovation, Everlux, designed for high-intensity workouts like spin, where a studio environment provides little airflow and high humidity, as Everlux wicks away sweat like nothing else. As I shared in my opening remarks, the initial response to our first global brand campaign has been positive and a great learning, with an exceptionally strong connection in China as we look to accelerate how we amplify the reach and engagement of the brand. As we enter the fall, we're excited for you to see the next iteration of This Is Yoga brought to life in our men's and holiday campaigns.
Before passing over to Stuart, I'd like to take a moment to share some updates to our board of directors and executive team. First, a very warm welcome to Tricia Patrick, who joins the board from Advent International, bringing global experience across consumer sectors. I know she will bring valuable insight to all of us. I'd also like to say thank you to Steven Collins, who has stepped down from the board, for his commitment and valuable contribution during what has been such a tremendous period of growth and development for Lululemon. Following three years with the brand, I want to share gratitude for Duke Stump, EVP of Brand and Community, who will be moving on at the end of September. A search is underway for a new leader.
Our EVP of People and Culture, Gina Warren, will be leaving as well for personal reasons, and we have a great internal candidate stepping into the role. While these changes are important, we have a strong and expanding team driving this business as it continues to grow and evolve. The brand is stronger than any of us individually, as these results powerfully demonstrate, we are firmly in control of our destiny and believe there is tremendous potential ahead of us. In closing, this has been a standout quarter as we made significant progress within our key growth drivers. I'm excited by the momentum in our business as we enter fall, driven by product innovations, community activations, and key partnerships which build loyalty with our new and existing guests alike.
I'm energized by the enthusiasm and dedication I see every day from our global collective, I'm grateful for their passion to growing our brand. I have full confidence that we can deliver on our 2020 vision and cement our position as the leading global brand that defines an active, mindful lifestyle. With this said, I'll pass it over to Stuart.
Thank you, Laurent. As you mentioned, we are pleased with the acceleration in our business in Q2 and the positive momentum that's now continuing as we enter fall. The strength we saw in the second quarter was broad-based across all channels and reflected in our key operating metrics. Specifically, our store business saw a nice improvement in traffic that is now extending into the early part of Q3. We also saw positive trends in conversion, AUR, and UPT, which gives us confidence in our store comp trends as we are not depending on any single factor. Online, while the business did benefit from our warehouse sale, the underlying KPIs are healthy as we've seen increases in both traffic and conversion, as guests are responding nicely to the enhancements we're making to the site.
As Laurent also mentioned, we are still in the early innings of our e-commerce business and continue to see outsized growth potential here. I'm also excited for the ongoing strength we're delivering in product margin. Our adjusted gross margin increased 220 basis points in Q2, well above our expectations. As we continue to elevate our game in supply chain, we expect to deliver ongoing product margin benefits as well as new strategic capabilities, on which I will elaborate shortly. Before taking you through our Q2 results, I'd like to update you on the evolution of our ivivva business. As of August 20th, all the ivivva stores and other locations planned to close had ceased operation. Seven locations remain operating in key markets around the country, and our Fashion Island ivivva location has been closed temporarily but will reopen in the coming months.
There's been no change to our e-commerce business, which remains in full operation. We continue to estimate that total costs associated with the transition will be $50 million-$60 million, which includes the $17.7 million realized in Q1 and $5.4 million recognized in Q2. The bulk of the remaining costs will be recognized in Q3. Now turning to the details of Q2. Total net revenue rose approximately 13% to $581 million, with the increase in revenue resulting from strong performance across all parts of the business. In our store channel, we delivered a 2% comp store sales increase, reflecting an acceleration sequentially from Q1. More impressive was the 30% comp we posted in e-commerce, reflecting the ongoing success of our efforts here. We did hold an online warehouse sale in the quarter, which added approximately 14 percentage points to the overall e-commerce comp.
On a combined basis, we delivered a 7% constant dollar comp increase. We also posted increased square footage of 11% versus last year, driven by the addition of 42 net new company-operated stores since Q2 of 2016. 24 net new stores in the U.S., nine in Asia, four stores in Canada, four in Europe, and one in Australia and New Zealand. Finally, the impact of foreign exchange decreased revenues by $2.4 million. Gross profit for the second quarter was just over $297 million, or 51.2% of net revenue, compared to 49.4% of net revenue in Q2 2016. The gross profit rate in Q2 was adversely impacted by 40 basis points related to the ivivva restructuring. Excluding these items, adjusted gross margin increased 220 basis points versus last year.
This exceeded our expectations for the quarter, with the primary driver being a 260 basis point increase in overall product margin, resulting from favorability in product mix and lower product costs, partly offset with higher markdowns due to the online warehouse sale. Offsetting these factors were 20 basis points related to foreign exchange and 20 basis points of deleverage in occupancy, depreciation, and product and supply chain costs. SG&A expenses were just over $225 million, or 38.8% of net revenue, compared to 35% of net revenue for the same period last year. The deleverage in SG&A was generally in line with our expectations. Approximately one-third of the increase relates to the planned costs associated with the improvements to our e-commerce platform that we previously outlined. An additional third of the deleverage is due to costs associated with our global brand campaign, This Is Yoga, and related digital marketing.
Foreign exchange contributed to the remainder of the deleverage as we anniversary prior year gains. It is important to note that our FX revaluation exposure this quarter was largely mitigated due to the hedging strategies we had put in place earlier in the year. Separately, as a result of our transition of the ivivva business, we incurred $3.2 million in asset impairment and restructuring costs associated with the write-off of capital assets, lease exits, and severance. Operating income for the quarter was approximately $69 million, or 11.8% of net revenue, compared to 14.4% of net revenue in Q2 2016. Excluding the pre-tax charges of $5.4 million related to the planned closures of the ivivva stores, adjusted operating income for the quarter increased to $74 million, or 12.8% of net revenue versus 14.4% of sales last year.
As a reminder, operating margin this quarter includes approximately 120 basis points of costs associated with enhancements to our e-commerce business, as previously mentioned. Tax expense for the quarter was approximately $21 million, or 29.9% of pre-tax earnings compared to an effective tax rate of 28.1% a year ago. The adjusted tax rate for the quarter was 29.6%, compared to 30.5% in the second quarter of 2016. The tax rate came in lower than our guidance due to favorable adjustments related to our 2016 returns. Net income for the quarter was approximately $49 million, or $0.36 per diluted share, compared to earnings per diluted share of $0.39 for the second quarter of 2016. Net income in Q2 2017 included $4 million, or $0.03 per share in ivivva-related charges. Excluding these charges, adjusted EPS was $0.39 per share, compared to adjusted EPS of $0.38 last year.
We repurchased 1.5 million shares during the quarter at an average price of $52.93 per share. By the end of the quarter, we had completed a total of $91.5 million in total share repurchases under the current $100 million authorization, putting our weighted average diluted shares outstanding at 136.3 million. Capital expenditures were $30 million for the quarter, compared to approximately $45 million in the second quarter last year. The reduction relates primarily to lower corporate head office and IT capital versus the prior year. Turning to our balance sheet highlights. We ended the quarter with $721 million in cash and cash equivalents. Inventory at the end of the second quarter was $316 million, or 14% higher than at the end of Q2 2016, in line with our forward sales outlook.
We expect our inventory growth at the end of Q3, and for the balance of the year, to generally grow in line with our forward sales trend. Turning now to our outlook for the third quarter, an updated outlook for the fiscal year 2017. Please note that the guidance we are sharing excludes costs related to the ivivva restructuring. We are pleased with the momentum we are seeing in the business in all channels. With exciting product launches, cohesive storytelling in stores and online, and an improving web experience, these factors are now carrying the momentum we saw in the second quarter into the third quarter. For Q3, we expect revenues to be in the range of $605 million-$615 million. This is based on a comparable sales percentage increase in the mid-single digit range on a constant dollar basis compared to the third quarter of 2016.
This also assumes the Canadian dollar at CAD 0.77 to the US dollar and 14 new store openings in the quarter. We anticipate gross margin, normalized for ivivva, to be relatively flat with Q3 of last year. The strong product margin improvement we've experienced over the last year, while still improving in the third quarter, will moderate as we are now anniversarying last year's significant increases. These increases are then offset with modest deleverage on occupancy and depreciation. We expect SG&A in the third quarter to delever from Q3 2016 by approximately 50 basis points. This deleverage is primarily associated with our continued efforts to deliver critical enhancements to our e-commerce website that are extending into the third quarter.
Assuming a normalized tax rate of 30.4% and a 136.3 million diluted weighted average shares outstanding, we expect normalized diluted earnings per share in the third quarter to be in the range of $0.50-$0.52 versus $0.50 a year ago. For the full year 2017, we expect revenue to be in the range of $2.545 billion-$2.595 billion. This is based on a comparable sales percentage increase in the low single-digit range on a constant dollar basis. As we stated last quarter, the guidance range takes into account the closures of our ivivva stores and the associated reductions in revenues. We expect to open 47 company-operated stores in 2017. This includes 15 stores in our international markets and represents a normalized square footage increase in the low double digits.
We expect normalized gross margin for the year to increase approximately 100 basis points from 2016, primarily driven by product margin improvements offset with modest deleverage in product and supply chain SG&A, as well as occupancy and depreciation. We expect SG&A for the full year to deleverage by approximately 50-100 basis points versus 2016. This includes the digital-related investments incurred this year, which accounts for approximately 50 basis points of the increase. In addition, we will continue to invest in brand and community activities, technology, which I will speak to in a bit more later, and our international expansion. As indicated in our Q3 outlook, we continue to expect the SG&A rate to moderate, and we expect leverage in Q4. We now expect our normalized fiscal year 2017 diluted earnings per share to be in the range of $2.35-$2.42.
This reflects the Q2 upside along with our continued confidence in our outlook for the second half of the year. Our EPS guidance is based on 136.3 million diluted weighted average shares outstanding and also assumes a normalized effective tax rate of 30.3%. We expect capital expenditures to range between $175 million-$180 million for the fiscal year 2017, reflecting new store openings, renovations, relocation capital, and also strategic IT investments. Before we take your questions, I'd like to highlight our ongoing efforts in both supply chain and technology as we build the infrastructure needed to support a $4 billion-plus organization. Looking at our supply chain, over the last year, we've realized significant benefits to our product margin, thanks to the strategic initiative we began in 2015.
That project led directly to reduced AUC and has contributed to over 350 basis points of product margin expansion in the last 12 months. While we're now anniversarying those improvements, I'm excited by the opportunities that remain for us to realize efficiencies within our supply chain and further improve our product margin. We currently have efforts underway that will allow us to dramatically improve our speed and flexibility in how we bring product to market. We're accomplishing this in several ways, including the development of a segmented supply chain to unlock efficiencies, staging fabric to better position us to chase demand, and implementing new speed models for our core and seasonal styles.
In addition, one of our key strategic sourcing partners is pursuing production facilities in Haiti, which would not only help us reduce lead times on product we source with them, but we would also realize freight and duty benefits as well. Turning to technology, we are focused on building capabilities that will leverage our business across critical areas and unlock new ways to engage our guests. In the near term, Julie Averill, our recently named CTO, continues to strengthen our technology team and set the IT agenda in support of our business goals. An important upcoming milestone will be the update to our website later in Q3, which will deliver site enhancements in time to impact the holiday selling period. We also continue work to enhance our inventory allocation systems to improve how we flow product to better anticipate guest demand.
Certainly more to follow, but we're excited by the progress in these areas. With that, let's open the call for questions. Operator?
We will now begin the question and answer session. Analysts who wish to join the question queue may press star then one on their telephone keypad. You will hear a tone acknowledging your request. If you're using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset before pressing any keys. To withdraw your question, please press star then two. We will pause for a moment as callers join the queue. The first question comes from Oliver Chen of Cowen and Company. Please go ahead, sir.
Hi. Congrats on great results. Laurent, the Everlux pant, how does that fit into the matrix regarding Luon and Luxtreme? As you think about product and the big opportunity buckets longer term, could you speak to the to and from opportunity within women's and any other thoughts you have on where your portfolio particularly has big opportunities to grow over the long term? Stuart, I just had a question about I'm thinking about digital in terms of where you are versus the investments and how you're feeling about the mobile experience and the integration with stores, and also some of the earlier issues we saw. It seems like a lot of those are resolved. Love your thoughts. Thank you.
Thank you, Oliver. That was a lot of questions. Well, the Everlux fabric totally fits in our Engineered Sensation, in a more high-sweat studio environment. It's really the continuation of what we've seen be really successful with our guests, delivering the feel that they need, depending on their sweaty activities from outdoor to indoor and from high sweat to low sweat. It's the continuation of pursuing innovation in our Engineered Sensation franchise. Given the success that we've seen with Nulu and Nulux, we're actually thrilled to continue to innovate in that area. From a men's standpoint, we've got a great campaign coming up with the ABC franchise that you're going to be seeing expanded.
I would point that in Q2, we've seen a really strong inflection with tops in general, both men's and women's short sleeve and long sleeve, with really strong comp in the low 20s. Very happy with that. Obviously, the launch of the Enlite Bra shows that when we lead with innovation, we launched our highest price point bra, which quickly became the number one selling bra. That really validates our position as the brand that created this market, that leads with innovation. When we deliver value to our guests, we actually have a tremendous opportunity to continue to increase AUR. As far as categories in the future, we're really excited about the assortment that is landing for jackets and outerwear.
I think the pilot that we're doing with footwear really speaks to how nimble our stores are in adapting to new categories, but also the strength and the elasticity of the brand in expanding our presence in multiple categories. Very excited about what's coming up.
Oliver, to answer your questions on digital, we've made great progress in the second quarter. As we look at how that's reflected in our KPIs, we're seeing a really strong improvement sequentially in conversion, as well as traffic. I think most evident as you shop the site, you can see the improvements we've made in visual merchandising. The integration of the photography improvements with just how the site shops has been meaningful in how we've been able to improve the guest experience online. On your question specifically with regard to the integration with the stores, I think the majority of the focus there has been enabling and unlocking the omni-channel aspects of our business model. Just how we're able to connect the pools of inventory between the different channels has been the real focus.
From a mobile standpoint, I would say we have a lot of opportunity to make improvements there. That is something that I think is still in front of us in terms of tackling that as a major element of the broader digital strategy. I think as we look at the website upgrades, as we look forward to further into Q3 and the website upgrades that we're looking to accomplish with the completion of the update that we're in the work of now, I think importantly, we're going to see additional visual merchandising enhancements. Guests will be able to better shop our outfitting options. We'll create better outfitting options. We'll have a more powerful presentation of our franchises, such as the ABC pant that Laurent mentioned. We're also going to importantly create greater flexibility for our e-commerce team to make updates quickly.
The earlier version of the site is very brittle. We're not able to make changes quickly. The new update will enable us to have a read and react capability we haven't had previously. That will be important to ensuring we've got our best foot forward with what's working on the website. There'll be some checkout improvements, but more substantive checkout improvements later in the year. We're really pleased with the progress. It's showing up in our results. Look forward to providing a further update on the Q3 call.
Thank you. Nice job with the supply chain as well. Best regards.
Thank you.
Thanks, Oliver.
The next question comes from Brian Tunick of RBC Capital Markets. Please go ahead, sir.
Yes. Hi, this is Kaitlynn for Brian. Thanks for taking our question. Stuart, I was just hoping you could talk a bit more about the supply chain and product margin opportunity, the work that you're doing there. Certainly understand that the product margin opportunity might moderate here into the back half as we lapse some of last year's gains. Next year, how should we think about the opportunity and the timing of the supply chain work that you're doing rolling through? Also if you could contextualize it versus the 350 basis point gain that you've seen over the last several months. Thank you.
Sure, Kaitlynn. First, just let me say we're really pleased with how the teams have developed a very disciplined process across design, merchandising, planning, sourcing, and logistics over the last couple of years. That effort of the team has really enabled the improvement that we've seen. As we have described, the step function improvement in the gross margin has unfolded as we have expected in the second half of 2016 into the first half of 2017. That being said, we are identifying ongoing opportunities to improve our product margin, not only from just as we grow and scale and gain scale economies in our sourcing structure, but also through a very deliberate segmentation of our supply chain. As we look at how long products live on our floor, we're able to source them more efficiently based on the lifespan they have within our assortment.
In addition to that, we spoke to this, I believe, a little bit on the last call, we're looking to build new capabilities in our supply chain around speed and flexibility. The opportunities we have to stage fabric to be able to respond to demand as we see it emerging offers really important opportunities not only to capture incremental sales as we're in a better in-stock position, but also do that in a favorable margin outcome. Those are new capabilities that we're looking to build. We're in a much stronger place to be able to play offense, if you will, with our supply chain, a place where we didn't have those options a couple of years ago. Very excited to see those new opportunities emerging.
Kaitlynn, this is Laurent. I would add quickly that our focus on innovation also allows us to expand on margin through AUR. Like the Enlite Bra being a really good example of that. When I think about our focus on accessories and outerwear, those are two categories that have a lot of growth ahead of themselves with a lot of innovation, and really healthy margins. Our innovation will drive AUR, which in return will continue to drive margin expansion.
Great. Thanks a lot. Best of luck.
Thank you.
Thank you.
The next question comes from Matthew McClintock of Barclays. Please go ahead, sir.
Hi, yes. Good afternoon, everyone.
Hi, Matt.
Laurent, I was hoping that we could talk a little bit more on the footwear pilot. Longer term, how do you see footwear as an adjacent category that you can go into? More specifically, I was wondering, how do you think about finding that right balance in footwear between fashion and technical, especially when the technical players and existing players in the industry are highly consolidated with substantial scale for innovation? Thank you.
Yep. Thank you. Well, we look at this pilot as a great opportunity to learn. Obviously, APL sort of lives in a similar space as we do at the intersection of function and fashion. It was a very natural collaboration for us. We've been able to learn how to potentially add footwear to our assortment in our stores, in Q4, we'll continue to pilot with an online assortment. It's definitely an adjacent category, we're intrigued, we don't need the category to deliver on our 2020 commitment. I think that's really what's critical. We're looking at a number of categories. Some of it might be in the world of product that are three-dimensional, the way you know us for today. Some of it might be in the world of services or content. We're being very curious.
We don't need any of those categories to achieve our 2020 vision to get our revenues to $4 billion. We're excited about the learning. We're going to continue to look at the potential of the categories and how it ties to what we're doing. We'll see more of that in the early part of 2018.
Thanks. If I could have a follow-up. Just Stuart, you mentioned one of your partners is building a facility in Haiti, getting closer to the end market. Is that something longer term that you would expect to see more of in terms of your sourcing partners? Could you maybe talk just not only about the benefits of that, but in terms of how you can establish a better relationship with those companies when there's probably a lot of competition for that local space? Thanks.
Sure, Matt. The supplier that we were making reference to is one of our closest and most important partners. The efforts that they're in that regard are something we've been in discussions with them around for a while. In some level the volumes we would be looking to place with them have been a part of their decision, I think, to pursue that particular opportunity. The benefits are obvious in that the speed to market, as well as the cost structure advantages are strategically appealing. We're constantly looking at different options, different regions of the world, and looking at the same time to diversify our supplier base to create the strongest combination of suppliers.
The regional appeal of having something closer to our home market is pretty compelling, and it's certainly something that we'll look to explore and amplify where we see that it makes sense.
Appreciate the color. Best of luck, everyone.
Thank you.
The next question comes from Paul Lejuez from Citi. Please go ahead, Paul.
Hey, guys. Can you talk about your plans for physical and online warehouse sales that are built into your back half guidance? I'm also curious about who that customer is. Are you seeing a different customer respond to that online warehouse sale? Just one clarification. Did you quantify the performance of tops versus bottoms also men's, if you could provide some color there. Thanks.
Hey, Paul. Let me start with the warehouse sale question. The decisions and when we make those decisions to hold warehouse sales are really driven by our inventory position and where we see the sell-throughs and the inventory position that it makes sense for us to go ahead and pull the trigger on holding those events. We don't do it as a revenue driver. As we think about our revenue outlook for the second half of the year, it's not dependent on any warehouse sales. Again, we'll continue to evaluate our inventory position and make a decision on how and when, and if we'll hold one in the second half. Certainly, longer lead time on the physical warehouse sales than the online. We don't want to train our guests to wait for those.
We don't want to have a predictable cadence of when we host those warehouse sales. We may or may not end up doing one or some combination of them in the second half. It's a lever we have to pull to stay on top of our inventory movement. The customer question around who is the customer that participates in that, it's a combination of probably some of our best customers as well as more price sensitive customers. We're pleased with the pretty robust interest that we see around both of those formats. I think as a testament to the demand and the appetite for the brand, and also how we don't do it often. When we do it, we see a pretty frothy response to those sales. Then you had a question on tops versus bottoms.
We continue to see a really strong sell-through in bottoms. Strong double-digit sell-throughs really in the 20s for both women's and men's pants in the second quarter, and extending into the third quarter. Tops have been strong as well. Very healthy, high single-digit, low double-digit trends in both men's and women's tops in Q2 and into Q3. Bottoms have been stronger, but we're not unhappy with the tops trend.
Stuart, what's not performing well?
You know what? It's a good question. We're really seeing our efforts paying off across all of our key four pillars, across digital, men's, international, and North Americas. I think we've got a tremendous opportunity ahead of us. Not that it's not doing well, but there's an opportunity to realize both in accessories and outerwear, and we are really increasing our focus in both categories. Accessories is a really high margin category. It's got a lot of upside, but it's also a great point of entry for people to get into the brand and become our guest. We're quite excited about that. I think we've got opportunity to have a stronger and wider assortment both in bags, socks, and intimates and I'm really passionate about the work that we can do with outerwear.
When you think about what we've done with Engineered Sensation and translating that to the world of outerwear, with the amount of innovation that's available in that world, and it's another high margin category. I would point out to these two categories with, not necessarily where we're not doing well because we're really pleased with the assortment that's landing for jackets and outerwear this fall, but a lot of upside.
Great. Thanks a lot.
Both for men's and women's, actually.
Thank you.
Thank you.
The next question comes from Mark Altschwager of Robert W. Baird. Please go ahead, sir.
Great. Good afternoon. Thanks for taking the question. I wanted to ask about the DTC business and the performance relative to the low- to mid-teens guidance you gave for Q2. Just wondering if, was the warehouse sale much larger than anticipated, or what were the factors that drove total DTC so far ahead of your plans? Ex the sale, I think up 16% constant currency. Is that how we should be thinking about that heading into the back half of the year? Or would you perhaps anticipate some acceleration as the site enhancements and digital marketing initiatives gain some momentum? Thanks.
Mark, it's Stuart. Really pleased with the e-commerce trend that we saw in the second quarter. As I mentioned, conversion in particular, recovered nicely. I think that is a result of the work that we had talked about as part of that digital acceleration effort. The warehouse sale did exceed our expectations. It set a record for us in terms of the amount of volume that we did with an online warehouse sale. It was well above expectations. As we think about the guidance into Q3, we are certainly putting that aside as we look at that mid-single digit guide, and looking at the trends that we are seeing currently in the business, more in line with the e-com results in Q2, excluding the warehouse sale.
There are benefits that we see in the second half of the year, in Q3 and Q4, from a digital standpoint, as we complete the website work that we just talked about. We are expecting that to have a tailwind on our e-commerce trend. We are still realizing benefits from This Is Yoga. We have ongoing investments in digital marketing. I think our product assortments continue to improve. Big opportunities for us in jackets and outerwear that Laurent mentioned into the second half of the year as that part of the assortment in particular improves. On the brand marketing side, you heard Laurent mention the men's campaign that you will see later in September that will coincide with the introduction of several new styles in our ABC franchise.
The first of which is our ABC slim pant that is in stores and on the website now and is really exceeding expectations. There is a number of things that we believe offer upside opportunity for us in the second half of the year, both from a product standpoint, a brand marketing standpoint, and from a channel execution standpoint. Really excited for what is in front of us.
Thanks for all the detail.
Next question comes from Matthew Boss of JPMorgan. Please go ahead, sir.
Thanks. Congrats on a nice quarter, guys.
Thank you.
On your global store profile, help us to think about the pace of store openings in Asia, in Europe. Can you talk to some of the drivers of the improved productivity you've been seeing more recently? Just where do we stand on international profitability?
I think, I'm not sure that think about it in terms of number of stores, the right metric, to be honest. We're seeing what we've done during Unroll China and how we were able to live stream to 150,000 guests. That was incredibly powerful. You look at our performance on Tmall being 175% up year-over-year, that's an incredible avenue for us to put eyeballs on the brand. Our densification strategy in key cities, whether it's London, Beijing, Shanghai, or Tokyo, is really paying off because when we look at sort of the halo that it creates in tier 2 cities from a social media or from a brand awareness standpoint, it's actually really powerful. I was really very pleasantly surprised with the impact of This Is Yoga in China, where for a very low cost of acquisition, we were able to create tremendous brand awareness.
I think that we're not going to get ahead of ourselves with stores. We want to be really vibrant in the communities that we're in, mostly in the tier 1 cities where we're densifying. I think that we'll continue to look at footprint the same way we're looking at it in the U.S. I'm actually so proud of what the team is doing in North America, where in a mature market, we're actually incredibly nimble with a number of store formats, from local all the way to what we've done recently on Fifth Avenue. I think it's more a question of really being strong in those tier 1 cities and then leveraging that, the halo that it creates with a strong digital ecosystem. In Asia, we've got a great sort of presence on Tmall, and we're partnering with WeChat in pretty powerful ways.
As far as the growth, the growth it's consistent with what we've said in the past. We're really excited. There's such strong momentum in Asia. It's a little bit slower in Europe, but I was there this summer. The difference in Paris and Munich in terms of excitement, the number of studios, how people sweat, was very noticeable. We've got 50% growth year-over-year in that market. By no means left far behind. I think it will grow slower. We're really focused on China right now, which we think, by 2020, will represent probably 60%-70% of that Asia Pacific market. There was a second part to the question. Right. On profitability. Matt, we're seeing a nice acceleration in Asia. I think we've spoken to that previously.
At this point, we expect Asia to be break even, inclusive of Australia, sort of Asia Pacific, to be break even from a profitability standpoint, this year. We're going to be a little bit longer to reach that same milestone, in our European business, but feel good about the progress there as well. As we think about the international combination of those markets and when they will collectively reach profitability, that's something we can speak to, I think, subsequently.
Great. Then just one follow-up. With the competitive environment clearly amplified across the overall athletic space, you guys have definitely been an outlier. Any categories where you've found that you do need to be a little bit more promotional? Just what do you attribute to your relative strength? I'm just curious on your overall take on the athletic backdrop and if you've been pulled into it in any way.
Well, I think we're very differentiated, and we've got such a strong, unique point of view, and first of all, we created this market, and then driven by innovation, we're certainly not focused on being competitive to gain market share. We're so much more than a channel. We're a brand. We created this market. We're driven by innovation. We're an originator of brand. I think that's a very unique positioning. We're best in the world at human connection and at product and at solving problems for the athletes. In the process of doing that, we engage with our guests every step of the way, and I think that's really unique and really powerful. They are a lot more intentional with their
purchases and how they behave with brand. That's such a massive asset for us. When I think about men, I think there's a really strong redefinition around the world about what masculinity means. Again, our positioning is really unique there at the intersection of athleticism and mindfulness. I think it's probably a mistake to look at us as a channel, like a lot of the brands you're probably thinking about. We're first and foremost a brand, and that creates a thoughtless loyalty. Our positioning, it's unique, and we're very, very pleased. We don't see pressure in categories where we need to be more promotional. If anything, when we deliver innovation, we continue to be incredibly pleased with how it resonates with our guests.
Alfredo, we'll take one more question.
The next question comes from Ike Boruchow of Wells Fargo. Please go ahead, Ike.
Hi. Thanks very much. Congrats on the nice quarter, guys. Stuart, just two margin questions for you. I think you said that in the second quarter, markdown was unfavorable, a slight offset to the product margin. Could you just give us a little more color on what the markdown pressure was in Q2? Just based on the guide in the back half of the year, what's left in Q4, it looks like there's a pretty decent leverage opportunity that you're guiding to 50 basis points or more. Just kind of curious, Stuart, where is that coming from? Are there investments that are rolling off? Is there something in the P&L that we should keep in mind? How do we think about that sustainability and leverage as we get into next fiscal year?
Yes. Certainly, Ike. On the markdown question, in the second quarter, as we've talked about, we had a really successful online warehouse sale that accounted for that 14 comp points in e-commerce. That was really what drove the elevated markdowns in the second quarter. Otherwise, we have a very healthy ongoing sort of markdown comp in our normal channels. That was really isolated to the warehouse sale. As we look at the SG&A picture into the second half, we're pleased to see that the SG&A management efforts that we've been working on paying off. That's reflected in the SG&A outlook for the third quarter, as well as sort of what we're signaling for the fourth quarter in terms of leverage in the fourth quarter.
It's a combination of completing some of those one-time investments that we have related to the digital acceleration in the third quarter. Those are sort of rolling off, if you will, into the fourth quarter. Being able to recognize the full benefit of the cost management efforts into the fourth quarter. It's also the largest quarter from a sales standpoint, obviously the greatest degree of opportunity to leverage our fixed costs. We do certainly see leverage on SG&A as a priority as we look forward over the next several years. As we've talked about, our longer-term model holds that we will deliver modest SG&A leverage as part of the strategy to achieve an operating profit north of 20%. We believe that the product margin recovery that we've seen and the gross margin that it supports is on track to achieve that 20% EBIT margin.
After we begin to clear some of these one-time investments, we'll see leverage in SG&A that'll further complement that gross margin picture and connects to, in our model, achieving that 20% EBIT margin. Certainly part of the strategy and part of the long-term outlook. Thanks for your question.
Thanks, Stuart.
This concludes time allocated for questions on today's call. I'd now like to turn the conference back over to the presenters for any closing remarks.
Thanks for joining us, everyone. We look forward to speaking with you in about three months when we report our third quarter results. Thanks.
This concludes today's conference call. You may disconnect your lines. Thank you for participating and have a pleasant day.