Good day, welcome to the Wyndham Hotels & Resorts first quarter 2023 earnings conference call. At this time, all participants have been placed on a listen-only mode, the floor will be open for your questions following the presentation. If you would like to ask a question at that time, please press star one on your telephone keypad. If at any point your question has been answered, you may remove yourself from the queue by pressing star two. Lastly, if you should require operator assistance, please press star zero. I would now like to turn the call over to Matt Capuzzi, Senior Vice President of Investor Relations.
Thank you, operator. Good morning, and thank you for joining us. With me today are Geoff Ballotti, our CEO, and Michele Allen, our CFO. Before we get started, I wanna remind you that our remarks today will contain forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to risk factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied. These risk factors are discussed in detail in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and any subsequent reports filed with the SEC. We'll also be referring to a number of non-GAAP measures. Corresponding GAAP measures and a reconciliation of non-GAAP measures to GAAP metrics are provided in our earnings release, which is available on our investor relations website at investor.wyndhamhotels.com.
We are providing certain measures discussing future impact on a non-GAAP basis only because without unreasonable efforts, we are unable to provide the comparable GAAP metric. In addition, last evening, we posted an investor presentation containing supplemental information on our investor relations website. We may continue to provide supplemental information on our website in the future. Accordingly, we encourage investors to monitor our website in addition to our press releases, filings submitted with the SEC, and any public conference calls or webcasts. With that, I will turn the call over to Geoff.
Thanks, Matt, and thanks, everyone, for joining us this morning. As expected, our brands delivered record levels of domestic RevPAR for our owners in the first quarter, with 4% growth versus prior year. Our international regions continued their recovery, growing RevPAR by 37%. Globally, net rooms increased 4%. We grew our development pipeline by 11% and by another 3% sequentially. Adjusted EBITDA, which increased 10% on a comparable basis, was ahead of our expectations. This overperformance is reflected in our new outlook that Michele will walk you through in a moment. We generated $84 million of free cash flow. We returned another $87 million to our shareholders. By all accounts, it was a great start to 2023.
With U.S. unemployment at its lowest level since the 1960s and consumer savings of $1.6 trillion, our guests, who are primarily middle class with household incomes of over $90,000, nearly 30% above the U.S. median, are allocating a higher share of their wallets to travel this year. This surge in travel spending has been unabated by the economic headlines throughout the year and reflects their strong desire to reconnect with family and friends, explore new destinations, and create lasting memories. U.S. RevPAR growth for our economy brands was in line with fourth quarter performance, a reflection of the cadence of growth for this segment, which had fully recovered by the second quarter of 2021. Meanwhile, our midscale and upscale portfolios benefited from continued recovery and occupancy while still driving rate gains. We grew our overall system sequentially for the ninth consecutive quarter.
We opened over 10,000 rooms globally, and we maintained a retention rate of 95.3% over the last 12 months, a continued indication of our brand's improving market share and value proposition. These results position us solidly on track to achieve our full year net room growth outlook of 2%-4%. Here in the United States, we grew our system for the seventh sequential quarter, including another 110 basis points of sequential growth in the more revenue-intensive midscale and above chain scales this quarter. We added over 6,000 rooms with more than 40 new hotel conversions, along with five new construction additions like the La Quinta Hawthorn Suites dual brand hotel in Sulphur, Louisiana, across from the West-Cal Arena. Internationally, we opened over 4,000 rooms and grew net rooms by 7% organically.
Our Latin America team added some fantastic conversions from competitive brands like our new Wyndham Garden Torreón in this booming Mexican city, along with the new La Quinta Quito, steps from the upscale stores and entertainment in Ecuador's capital city. Our EMEA region drove 75 basis points of sequential net room growth with quality first quarter conversions like the new Dolce Milan Malpensa, near Italy's number one international inbound airport and within easy reach of Lake Como. In China, which experienced 125 basis points of sequential net room growth in our direct franchising system, we opened our 25th Days Inn since reacquiring the Days Inn master license agreement with the Days Hotel Changsha Yuhua West, adjacent to the campus of Changsha University.
We grew our development pipeline 3% sequentially and by 11% versus prior year to a record 226,000 rooms and 1,800 hotels, over 70% of which are in the higher revenue midscale, upper midscale, upscale, upper upscale, and luxury chain scale segments. Our teams awarded nearly 160 contracts globally for approximately 20,000 room additions, marking Wyndham's 11th consecutive quarter of sequential pipeline growth. Behind the strength and the momentum of the demand in the extended stay sector, we awarded another 35 ECHO Suites by Wyndham contracts to institutional developers and experienced extended stay operators, bringing the total number of contracts awarded to 205 hotels since launching the brand last March.
We expect to break ground on another two dozen ECHO hotels throughout 2023, with the brand beginning to contribute meaningfully to our room count in 2024 and beyond. Excluding ECHO, the number of domestic contracts signed in the first quarter was 13% higher than what we awarded last year, reflecting continued developer interest in our new construction prototype and conversion brands. If there's one thing that our franchise sales and development teams experienced at the Hunter Hotel Investment Conference last month, and at the Asian American Hotel Owners Association convention a few weeks ago, it's that our owners believe that there has never been a better time to build or own another hotel than now, especially in the select service segment. This unbridled enthusiasm is a reflection of a strong and vibrant hotel industry.
Demand from our infrastructure related business accounts, which makes up approximately 20% of our annual domestic royalties, is expected to remain a tailwind for Wyndham in the coming months and years ahead, as we capitalize on the U.S. government's $1.5 trillion in infrastructure and CHIPS Act spending. For the past eight consecutive quarters, Wyndham's general infrastructure related revenues have increased double digits versus 2019, a trend that began in the second quarter of 2021. Our domestic footprint of hotels overlaps very well with the states expected to receive the highest levels of future infrastructure spend. These top six states of ours by system size have received over one third of the allocated federal spend to date.
We've estimated that this new level of infrastructure spending represents an opportunity to generate over $3.3 billion of incremental revenue for our franchisees, and over $150 million of incremental royalties for Wyndham over the spend period as we continue to invest in the people, the processes, and the technology to support our growing global sales teams to capture more share from these infrastructure accounts.
Our award winning Wyndham Rewards loyalty program was recognized as the best hotel loyalty program for the fifth consecutive year by readers of USA TODAY because of its simplicity, its generosity, and the experiences it offers through partnerships like the one we recently announced with Minor League Baseball, where we average nearly 20 hotels within a 25-mile radius of their 120 ballparks, and where our members will be able to redeem points for unprecedented access to all that Minor League Baseball has to offer, including tickets and one of a kind experiences during the season's 8,000 scheduled games. During the quarter, we grew enrollments by 7%. We recently celebrated our 100 millionth enrolled member.
Most importantly, Wyndham Rewards helped drive a 15% increase in direct bookings, representing a record high level of contribution for our brand.com sites, which once again outpaced the rate of growth across all third party channels. Our core values and our Count on Me service culture are at the very heart of what drives our growth and what makes Wyndham such a great place to work. It was no surprise to see that Wyndham Hotels & Resorts was selected by Forbes as a 2023 America's Best Large Employer for the second year in a row, by Newsweek as one of America's greatest places to work for diversity in 2023, and by Ethisphere as one of the 2023 world's most ethical companies. As always, we sincerely thank our valued team members around the world, without whom none of this would be possible.
With that, I'll turn the call over to Michele. Michele.
Thanks, Geoff. Good morning, everyone. I'll begin my remarks today with a detailed review of our first quarter results. I'll then review our cash flows and balance sheet, followed by our revised outlook. Before we get started, let me briefly address some housekeeping items. One of our key priorities has been to simplify our business and create a greater focus on our high margin franchising business. With the exit of select service management and the sale of our owned assets in 2022, we quickly turned our attention to transitioning our full service management business in the U.S. to franchise only contracts. Now with that effort substantially complete, we're changing the composition of our reportable segments to eliminate the hotel management segment.
The results of the remaining full service management contracts, approximately 65 internationally and only two in the U.S., are immaterial and have been aggregated on a prospective basis within our hotel franchising segment beginning with this quarter's results. Additionally, the year-over-year comparison of our financial results for both this quarter and next is impacted by the sale of our owned hotels and the exit of the select service management business. The comparability of all four quarters this year is also impacted by the timing of our marketing fund spend. This year, our marketing fund spend has returned to a more normalized pace. In contrast, last year's spending pattern was heavily influenced by concerns regarding the potential impact of the Omicron variant on demand.
To enhance transparency and provide a better understanding of the results of our ongoing operations, I will be highlighting our results on a comparable basis which neutralizes these impacts. We generated $308 million of fee related and other revenues compared to $316 million last year, which included $38 million from the select service management business and owned hotels. On a comparable basis, fee related and other revenues increased 11%, primarily reflecting RevPAR growth of 9%, higher franchise fees and incremental license fees. Adjusted EBITDA was $147 million in the first quarter compared to $159 million last year, which included a $15 million contribution from the select service management business and owned hotels, and an $11 million timing impact from the marketing funds.
With marketing spend returning to a more normalized cadence this year, marketing expenses in the first quarter of 2023 exceeded revenues by $4 million, while marketing revenues exceeded expenses by $7 million in the first quarter last year. On a comparable basis, adjusted EBITDA increased 10% year-over-year, primarily reflecting our revenue growth. First quarter adjusted diluted EPS was $0.86, up 15% on a comparable basis, reflecting our adjusted EBITDA growth and benefits from our share repurchase activity, partially offset by higher interest expense. In the first quarter, global RevPAR grew 12% on a constant currency basis, driven by both stronger pricing and higher occupancy. U.S. RevPAR grew 4% year-over-year and 8% compared to 2019. We saw strength in many of our larger represented states like Texas, Florida, Georgia, and North Carolina.
More recently, RevPAR growth in April has accelerated, with the past four weeks now running a point ahead of the prior four weeks and tracking 10% ahead of 2019 as leisure travel picks up and ADRs hold to the fourth quarter levels of 2022. Internationally, first quarter constant currency RevPAR grew 37% compared to last year, reflecting strong growth in all regions and 20% compared to 2019. Sequentially, international occupancy improved to 84% of 2019 levels from 81% in the fourth quarter last year. This improvement was driven by the acceleration of demand in China, which improved to 76% of 2019 levels from 63% in the fourth quarter of 2022. As mentioned on our last call, we expect international occupancy to provide a meaningful tailwind for us throughout this year.
Now turning to free cash flow. We generated $84 million in the first quarter. As projected, our free cash flow was down year-over-year as last year included the select service management business and owned hotels, as well as a reduced level of marketing spend. Importantly, our free cash flow conversion from adjusted EBITDA was approximately 57%. We are solidly on track to achieve our goal of converting 50%-55% of full year adjusted EBITDA to free cash flow, which at the adjusted net income line translates to approximately 100%. We ended the quarter with approximately $900 million of total liquidity, and our net leverage ratio remains at the very, very low end of our stated range at 3.0 times. Our capital allocation strategy remains unchanged.
We will remain disciplined on the core tenets of our M&A strategy and pursue transactions that are complementary to our existing brand portfolio and accretive from an earnings and net room growth perspective. We will also continue to incentivize franchisees to invest in new brand prototype designs to improve our overall brand equity. Regarding the recent banking headlines, our owners source financing from multiple lender types, including community banks, credit unions, regional lenders, and non-bank lenders, as well as SBA financing, which is government backed and limits exposure for the lender. Many of our new development opportunities are with existing owners who have a track record developing our brands and have established strong lender relationships. Owners with whom we have discussed this situation have been reassured by their lenders that financing for creditworthy, well-established borrowers will remain available.
To that point, new construction projects continue to progress, with almost 12 deals beginning site work in the 1st quarter subsequent to the March 10 SVB headline. Conversion volumes also remain strong and ahead of last year, with 35 new buy sell transactions across our portfolio and 41 new deals executed post March 10. As always, we're closely monitoring the development pipeline and hotel trading volumes to ensure we can proactively address any potential concerns that may arise. As Geoff mentioned, our owners desire to do their next deal, be it conversion or new construction, remains quite strong and provides us confidence in our growth strategy and the resilience of our franchise model. Turning to outlook. We're updating our full year 2023 outlook to reflect 1st quarter favorability as well as a lower share count due to our 1st quarter repurchase activity.
Fee related and other revenue increases by $4 million from February's outlook and still rounds to $1.38 billion-$1.41 billion. Adjusted EBITDA increased $4 million as well and is now projected to be $654 million-$664 million. We expect adjusted net income of $340 million-$352 million, $3 million higher than our prior outlook. Adjusted diluted EPS increased $0.08 per share and is now projected to be $3.92-$4.06 based on a diluted share count of 86.8 million, which as usual excludes any future potential share repurchases. There are no changes to our prior outlook for global net room growth, global RevPAR growth, or for our free cash flow conversion rate.
While our full year expectations for the marketing funds contribution remains unchanged, I want to provide some color on the projected quarterly impacts. As we expect a more normalized cadence of marketing spend this year, fund expenses will again outpace fund revenues during the second quarter by $10 million-$15 million. As we move into the back half of the year, fund revenues will outpace fund expenses to arrive at our estimated full year underspend of $10 million, which will complete our recovery of the $49 million investment that we made back in 2020. Given the managed transition, cost reimbursable revenues are expected to trend towards 0 as we approach the end of the year.
In closing, our first quarter results underscore the attractiveness of our brands to guests, developers, and owners, highlighted by continued growth in RevPAR, system size, and pipeline while maintaining a disciplined approach to capital allocation. We remain confident that our resilient business model and strong balance sheet position us to deliver another successful year in any environment. With that, Geoff and I would be happy to take your questions. Operator?
The floor is now open for questions. At this time, if you would like to ask a question, please press star one on your telephone keypad. If at any point your question has been answered, you may remove yourself from the queue by pressing star two. Again, we do ask that you limit yourself to one question and one follow-up. Thank you. Our first question comes from Joe Greff with JP Morgan.
Good morning, everybody. Geoff, Michele. Michele, thanks for the comments on, you know, developer, and the financing topic that probably is front and center for most of us on this call here. Maybe you can even give us a little bit more detail in terms of what percentage of your new construction typically has financing associated. I know not all of it does, particularly as maybe you go down chain scale orientation. What percentage of conversions typically, you know, need or have financing? Then when you think about stuff in China and or internationally overall, can you talk about that a little bit as well?
Good morning, Joe. If you think about our 2023 new construction additions, all that financing is already in the house. From a conversion standpoint, I would say in our pipeline, the majority of what's in our pipeline already has financing in place. We feel really strong about the 2023 financing situation. If we look at new construction starts that could impact our future year additions, developer interest remains strong. Geoff mentioned that in his prepared remarks. As, you know, after that kind of March 10 headline.
For seasoned developers, those relationships are really long and really deep, and financing is very much available. In fact, we saw a term sheet came that came through after that March 10th date for an $8 million loan on a $10 million new build La Quinta property with a small regional bank in the South with some of the best lending terms we've seen in a while. We're not concerned about financing largely for new construction projects that don't currently have financing in place. There certainly seems to be a good amount of capital still available there.
Then on the conversion side, you know, the only other point I would make is that we have, we've got 40 new deals that have executed since that March 10th date. That's actually up versus the same time last year. Then we're also seeing buy/sell volumes across our portfolio increase, year-over-year. We continue to believe that the current environment is healthy and supportive of conversion activity.
Great. Helpful. Then, getting a lot of questions last night, this morning on the buyback in the 1 Q, and that level was down sequentially and, you know, down versus the average of the last 3 quarters. Is this how you're thinking about, I guess, returning capital in the form of buyback absent any, I guess, asset producing, incoming cash? Is that it's the excess cash flow, free cash flow after the dividend is kind of the maximum buyback activity? If that's sort of how you're thinking about buyback at now, that would imply, you know, something just sub of 3 times net leverage. Why is that the right leverage ratio, particularly when your peers are, you know, at least a half a turn above that?
Sure. If you look at quarter-over-quarter, year-over-year, I think our buyback was up about 40%. As we mentioned on our February call, the 2023 buyback volume will certainly be lower than 2022 due to the absence of those one-time proceeds received in 2022 from the owned asset sales and CPLG exit, which was about $260 million. You know, we always say our first preference is to invest in the business, but absent any compelling investment opportunities, just from a free cash flow generation perspective, after we pay our dividend and then require debt payments, we'll have over $200 million to deploy this year. I think that's a minimum amount you can see go into the share buyback program.
There is potential to relever. I'd say our stock is trading at a significant unwarranted discount relative to the peer set today and of course, compared to our own estimates of intrinsic value. That does present a compelling opportunity. You can expect us to lean in more heavily when the stock is trading like this. We do generate a significant amount of cash flow, so we don't necessarily need to lever up to do that. It's predominantly, I'd say, a math exercise, especially in today's interest rate environment, the value gap versus the interest that we would be paying. I think, you know, it's fair to say we could potentially use leverage to borrow free cash flow capacity, pulling forward future share repurchase volume when the stock is trading like this.
That leverage increase would likely be more temporary in nature rather than a permanent increase. We are, you know, our stated target range is 3-4 times. We are at the very low end of that at 3.0 times. We do not expect to be lower than 3.0 times. That also means, obviously, that there is some room there as well. I think we have ultimate flexibility when it comes to share buybacks this year.
Thank you very much.
Thank you.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Stephen Grambling with Morgan Stanley.
Hi. Thanks. There's lots of talk, I think, from some competitors moving into various areas that at least on the surface may have overlap with some of your brands, either in the extended stay or economy mid-scale segments. How would you characterize the competitive environment when you are looking at potential development opportunities? Are you seeing any change in, either requests or even your willingness to put in additional key money to make these deals get over the line?
No changes, Steven, really in terms of... We've been out on the road quite a bit over the last few weeks, and we're not seeing any impact to our economy or our mid-scale brands. You know, given that our proposed PIP requirements far exceed in terms of value to our owners, what's being put on the table. The competitive PIP requirements far exceed our average PIP conversion costs, which don't necessarily get measured in millions of dollars. Our, you know, our renovation and PIP costs generally run 3 to 5 times less than many of our larger brand peers. You know, when you look across the economy segment, we have the most recognized brands in the economy space that are performing right now at a historic RevPAR index.
We know these owners, and we know what's important to them. What's most important to them is their cash outlay. What's also important is a very flexible relationship with their brand and their cash on cash return. We have plenty of owners that are building new construction, Microtels, for example, right now with us, along with competitive economy and competitive midscale and upper midscale brands. They'd tell you that their Microtels deliver best in class cash on cash returns right now. Certainly we have thousands of owners who will tell you that there's no better cash on cash return right now than their Super 8s and their Days Inn.
We will continue to provide the most flexible and the most competitively priced brands in the space, not only on our PIPs, but also on our operating and technology stack costs, which are running significantly less than I think what they're being offered. You know, and I think most importantly, in terms of not seeing any impact, we executed more economy rooms in Q1 than we did last year. Again, not seeing any impact.
That's all super helpful. Maybe one unrelated follow-up, I recognize that you referenced accelerating trends into April, I think there's always this broader concern about the macro. When you look back at your portfolio of assets and how they perform through various downturns, I guess, what does the so-called recession playbook look like for the business? Do you typically see trade down? Are there things that you would do different? Are there things that you're even, you know, looking out for to try to assess that kind of environment? Thank you.
We're always looking out and trying to assess the environment. You know, I think Matt did a good job on slide 30, putting out in our investor presentation last night how our brands would continue to perform in the event of any macro slowdown, which we're certainly not seeing. You know, we would continue to grow net rooms within our guidance range, and we would continue to provide the best value proposition out there in the economy and the midscale segments to our guests and outperform the broader lodging market, as our brands did in really all of the last three downturns. Our brands outperformed, I think it was by 300 basis points post 9/11, by more than that, after the GFC.
You know, if you look at how our brands performed throughout COVID, 25% better than the overall industry from a RevPAR standpoint, the, you know, the value proposition in terms of, to your suggestion, trade down is compelling. That $50 gap right now between the economy and the upper midscale segment continues to widen. It's now over $55. If you look at the gap between the upper midscale and the upper upscale, you know, that gap, which was $80 a couple of quarters ago, I think is, you know, pushing $100. We remain a very compelling trade down opportunity should things slow. You know, again, in terms of what we're seeing out there, as we said in our prepared remarks, we're not seeing any signs of any slowdown.
That's great. Thanks so much.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Michael Bellisario with Baird.
Thanks. Good morning, everyone. Just wanted to go back to the development topic and dig into a little bit more of those 41 new deals you mentioned. Any particular brands or locations, where you saw strength? Maybe also on the flip side, where, if any, have conversations stalled or deals that you expected to get signed didn't get signed?
Yeah. From an opening standpoint, and an execution standpoint, we're not seeing any signs of slowdown, either, you know, pre or post, as Michele said in her remarks. Our conversion signings increased over the first quarter of 2019, which we always look back to and think that, you know, that was a high water year. Our new construction signings picked up and we're seeing great interest. Certainly, as I mentioned, our economy brands, we signed more Microtels, more Wingates, more Hawthorns. And, you know, we continue to see that pick up really across the country.
Got it. Just one follow-up on the RevPAR performance. You mentioned, I think, +8% in the U.S. in the first quarter, +10% in April. Can you provide any color on international trends, what you saw throughout the first quarter and then into April as well?
Sure. You know, as Michele noted, the first quarter international RevPAR improved sequentially. Will continue to present a significant tailwind for us for 2023. Overall, it was up 20% versus 2019, up 37% to prior year, really with strong growth, Mike, across all the regions in constant currency, which was in line with our expectations. Canada was up 30%, which was good to see. Southeast Asia, which is now back to 2019 levels, was up 40%. Europe has come back strong. Germany has been very strong with us, with RevPAR now running over 20 points ahead of where it was back in 2019.
I think the standout for us internationally was Latin America, which was up 60% in the quarter, with Mexico continuing to lead the way into their high season. I was down there with the team last week, and they're having a very strong April. Then of course, China, we're very happy to see what we expected come in, up 15% to year-over-year, as both inbound and outbound travel in China ramps back up.
Thank you.
Thanks, Mike.
Thank you. Our next question comes from Dany Asad with Bank of America.
Hi, good morning, Geoff, Michele. I just want to touch back on development one more time. Sorry. You know, yesterday, a competitor said that, you know, they expected the development environment, you know, to slow, and that was sort of their experience as conditions tightened around the global financial crisis. Like what is your expectation as this plays out from here? I know you're not seeing any cracks yet, but from here. How do you get projects to still pencil with, you know, higher prevailing rates, lower credit availability? Maybe, you know, what are some of the offsets to those higher project costs for developers?
Hi, Dany. I'll start, and Geoff, if you wanna add anything, please feel free. I would say from an ROI, owner ROI perspective, you can see we actually presented in the investor presentation we post to the website that even at a 7% cost of debt, these the ROIs are still in the high teens. Really strong, really strong returns. As you know, interest rates are impacting all asset classes, not just hotels. Hotels are unique in that they have the ability to continuously change room rates and then offset some of the cost out of that equation, whether it be inflation or interest with that higher pricing.
Sophisticated investors perceive lodging to be a highly desirable real estate class, you know, during an inflationary environment for sure. Developers are underwriting these increases into their base cases. We and well-capitalized developers believe this is still a great time to build. Although the interest rates are higher than the historic lows, everyone is expecting they will decrease a bit once, you know, once the Fed is done. Select service hotels, specifically with minimal staffing requirements, are delivering very high ROI for owners even in this environment. That's why they're still very much in demand.
I would say that, as we mentioned, we saw last year a record number of opens and signs. We're not seeing any slowdown, Dany, in the first quarter. It's really spread across the world. I mean, our pipeline has 63 countries in it. I mentioned last week I was down at the Latin American conference. Demand for our new construction prototypes across Mexico and Latin America, for example, just continues to grow. There's no better example of that than the eight La Quintas that are now under development in the Dominican Republic, along with new Super 8s, the new Super 8 Manzanillo in Mexico with 19 more to come.
We're confident that what we needed to do in the first quarter, we've done, we're on track, and we opened what we expected to. Again, we're not seeing any signs of anything slowing down.
Great. Thank you so much for that. You did give a lot of color on, you know, your on RevPAR and the acceleration on the four-week average. Super helpful. Can you maybe give us a little bit of insight into, with the data that you have in front of you, kind of what is your expectation or underwriting for, you know, how April plays out, and then especially as we head into the summer travel period this coming, you know, coming up, kind of what is your expectation for domestic travel?
We-
Sure.
You wanna go, Michele?
Yep. Sure.
I'll start off. Michele can jump in. I mean, we're both excited, as Michele noted, with what we're seeing. Our April domestic RevPAR, as she noted, was 1 point ahead of our prior 4 weeks. For the last 4 weeks, Dany, through April 22nd, our RevPAR is up 2% to last year and up 10% to 2019 versus, as you mentioned, it being up, or I think Michael mentioned, up 8%, for the first quarter. We're seeing economy RevPAR also accelerate. It's up now 12% last 4 weeks to 2019.
Certainly midscale, which has further opportunity to drive our RevPAR, has accelerated to 4% versus last year and up 8% to 19% versus the last four weeks of 2019. So we've got to remember that our segment is, when you look at our segmentation, it's different. And again, what Matt put out on the IP on slide 25, I think demonstrates why we're so bullish. I mean, 70% of our business is leisure, and then 20% of it is that blue collar infrastructure worker that is really picking up right now. We have less than 2% of our business being white collar business travel and less than 1% of our business being group.
We're very optimistic with our guests more employed than they've ever been, with the savings balances that they have. With both real ADR and occupancy in our midscale and above segments still below 2019. You know, our guests are telling us they'll be allocating more than ever to travel to your question this summer. 93% of our guests have told us that they're planning a trip in the next 6 months in our surveys. That 93% is at an all-time high. We do believe that leisure travel will defy any economic gravity that might be out there.
You know, the other important point, I think on slide 26 of our investor presentation highlights that not only are our guests not low income earners, their household incomes at over $90,000 are growing, and they're increasingly significantly younger. So all of that plays out in terms of what we're seeing with the metrics that give us confidence. Our booking windows being up 15%, as we mentioned to last year, our web traffic now running 40% ahead of 2019 levels. You just have to look at April month-to-date Google search volumes to get excited about the summer ahead, running 13% ahead of last year. Then we've got from a leisure perspective, our average length of stay running significantly ahead of 2019. We're looking forward to the summer.
We know that our guests are driving further than ever, and they're staying more often.
Thank you for all that color.
Yeah. That's perfect, Geoff. I think the only thing I would add to that is with respect to the rest of the year, we're expecting the U.S. to perform pretty similar to how it performed in the second or in the first quarter, our outlook is providing a range of outcomes. You know, Geoff mentioned, you know, he thinks we're pretty well insulated from any economic gravity, I think, were the words that he used. Within that range, I think we would see any potential impacts muted by, again, that strong consumer preference for experiences, including travel, the continued international recovery and benefits from the incremental infrastructure spend coming into market.
Just remember, we have very little exposure to corporate transient business travel, so we really won't feel the impact of any potential T&E reductions in that quarter. I do wanna remind you, while we're on this topic, the economy segment is the only segment we can say is running double digits ahead of 2019 at this point in time.
Thank you. Very, very helpful. Thank you so much.
Thanks, Hank.
Thank you. Our next question from Steven Pizzella with Deutsche Bank.
Hey, good morning, everyone. Thanks for taking my questions. Just wanted to go back to the new construction pipeline. For the rooms in the construction pipeline that have not broken ground yet, can you talk about what % of those you believe have committed financing and those you expect to be completed?
Sure. Everything entering into the system in 2023 has financing in place. Beyond that, I would say probably a third to a half has current financing in place.
Okay, thank you. Just following up on the conversions, can you remind us of where your conversions are typically sourced from? From independent owners, change of control or other brands? Does that profile change any during a downturn?
You know, during a downturn, Steve, it does change a bit. It skews a bit more independent. There's certainly, you know, if you look at the United States of America, 1.3 million economy rooms, over half of which are not branded, that in a downturn, which we're not seeing, that could skew. It's usually a third, a third, a third. A third from competitors, a third from independents, and then a third from picking up what might be being built out there in terms of additions to supply.
Okay. Thank you. Appreciate it.
Thank you. Our next question comes from David Katz with Jefferies.
Hi. Morning, everyone. Thanks for taking my questions. Covered quite a bit already in the questions ahead of me, but I wanted to just go back to Asia and drill a bit deeper. I know you indicated it's a bit of a tailwind. I think historically, you know, it's been some outsized growth. Can you describe what you're seeing in terms of on the ground, what stage we're at? Just remind us what the sort of revenue intensity is relative to the whole, you know, as that recovers.
Thanks, David. In terms of the stage we're at, as Michele noted, we're not yet back to where 2019 was, nor did we expect to be. I think the gradual improvement in the first quarter came in exactly as we expected. It's certainly been encouraging over the last few weeks to see the continued positive trends that's being reported out there. It's great to see the significant uptick in occupancy, but we improved from 60-ish % of 2019 levels in the fourth quarter to about 75%, I think it was, in the first quarter. Year-over-year, we're seeing acceleration. In terms of what we're hearing from our teams on the ground, you know, it's both domestic travel and inbound travel that's so encouragingly bounced back.
China's resumed visa applications. Flight capacity, which isn't yet back to where it was in 2019, is picking up. I think the flight that most of our team takes between Singapore and Shanghai, given that we have offices in both cities, which was running 3 times a week back in COVID, has picked up to 40 flights a week, and we're hearing that could increase to 50 flights a week by June. That's encouraging. Our partners, our marketing partners over there, Ctrip, they're reporting April search volume for Mainland China up 126% versus 2019 as we come into the busy vacation period.
We're hearing from our team of some very aggressive government actions to stimulate tour and travel in cities like Foshan, providing credits to meeting planners, MICE planners on costs for events. Then on the development side, finally, we're just very pleased with what the team has been doing. We saw 1% sequential growth and a 5% overall net room growth for our entire China system, including our master license agreements. Our team opened more direct rooms in the first quarter than they did last year. I think this was the third consecutive quarter of double-digit net room growth for our domestic China direct franchising business. We're really pleased.
You know, I think importantly, what Michele and I were most pleased about with the team was to see our conversion pipeline in China growing sequentially, and year over year, moving that China pipeline On an overall basis.
Okay. Thank you. Appreciate it.
Thanks, David.
As a reminder, if you would like to ask a question, please press star one at this time. Our next question comes from Brandt Montour with the Barclays.
Hey, good morning, everybody. Thanks for taking my questions. I just wanted to circle back on Joe's question, ask it a slightly different way, for conversions. You know, I know that, you know, some of your brands, like for Days Inn, you can convert at a very low cash outlay. You know, maybe you could tell us for the conversion activity overall, what the average cash outlay is and then what % of deals would need financing.
Yeah, it's a low percentage of deals, Brandt Montour, that would need financing. Very rarely on Days Inn conversions is there financing involved. When we look at, you know, bringing in a competitive or an independent hotel in terms of the cost of that property improvement plan, we're looking at something 3-5 times less what we're seeing in the marketplace that our larger brand competitors are offering. We believe that's been a big piece of how our conversion rooms increased in terms of both openings and signings. Our conversion rooms increased 7% domestically and 3% globally in the quarter versus what we did back in pre-COVID.
We opened more domestic economy, and we opened more midscale conversion rooms than we did last year. We're pleased with the progress, and we're not seeing any signs of slowdown there.
Yeah. For a typical economy-
Great. Thanks. Oh, I'm sorry.
Yeah, Brandt, just for a typical economy property, in decent condition, it's gonna be less than $1 million outlay, on the owner side.
Perfect. Thanks for that. Then, it's great to hear that April trends bounced back. I think you guys were specifically talking about economy, but maybe not. I don't know, Geoff, if you wanna take a or Michele, you wanna take a stab at what we saw in March? It looked like, you know, STR showed a little bit of a dip in occupancy, if you think it was, you know, tax return timing or if it was weather or, you know, if you wanna take a shot at what you think might have happened in March?
Yeah. You know, as we said, our quarter came in just as we expected, March as well came in as expected, Brandt. You know, if you think about our domestic business, it was fully recovered in 2021, unlike many of our peers. We did not feel the impact from Omicron last year that the higher chain scales felt. If you look back at March of 2022, its growth was 30% over March of 2021. Again, it came in as expected.
To your point, you know, I did mention the economy RevPAR accelerating, but overall, for the last four weeks of April through the 22nd, our RevPAR is up 2% to last year and up 10% to where it was in 2019, which is ahead of where it was for the quarter.
Great. Thanks a lot.
Thanks, Brandt.
Thank you. Our final question will come from Dan Wasiolek with Morningstar.
Good morning, guys. Thanks for squeezing in my question. Maybe just one on ECHO. Kind of interested in the potential of the contribution that brand might have to NUG over the coming years. How are you guys thinking about the long-term unit and room potential for that brand? What % of the current contracted pipeline is conversion versus new build, and how long does it
Take for a new construction, ECHO brand, hotel to open? Thanks.
Yeah, all great questions. We're looking anywhere, depending on the developer, between 12 and 24 months, I think averaging, you know, 18. These are very sophisticated real estate developers with strong construction backgrounds behind them and third-party management companies behind them, and they're off and running and as excited as they could be. We're expecting another 2 dozen ground breaks this year. We said we'd have 100 open in the first 5 years. They will all be to your question, good question, new construction. We will not be doing conversions with this brand. We're expecting 300 in the first 10 years, and we feel very good about both of those numbers based on where we are.
There's no reason we can't do more given the demand out there that's building, especially in states like Texas or Georgia or Arizona that are receiving so much of the infrastructure building that's driving a lot of this. We are expecting an increase of $10 million-$12 million of royalty fees for every 100 hotels that we open and expecting that to drop about 85% of it to EBITDA.
Okay. That's great information. Thank you so much.
Thanks, Dan.
Thank you. At this time, I'll turn the floor back over to Geoff Ballotti for any additional or closing remarks.
Well, thanks, Todd, thanks everyone for your questions and your interest in Wyndham Hotels & Resorts. We were very pleased with our first quarter, where we delivered adjusted EBITDA growth that outperformed expectations and allowed us to raise our full year outlook. Our team members are very enthusiastic about the opportunities that lie ahead and confident in our ability to deliver outstanding value to our shareholders, our guests, and our franchisees. Michele, Matt, and I look forward to talking to and seeing many of you in the weeks and months ahead and at many of the upcoming investor conferences that we'll be attending. Have a great day, everyone.
Thank you. This does conclude today's Wyndham Hotels & Resorts first quarter 2023 earnings conference call. Please disconnect your line at this time, and have a wonderful day.